Fichier de travail (INPUT) : ./DUMP-TEXT/1-22.txt
Encodage utilisé (INPUT) : UTF-8
Forme recherchée : zen|Zen
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
- Ligne n°20 : Zen
Ligne n°21 : (BUTTON) Sections & Media ...- Ligne n°36 : Zen
Ligne n°38 : ... Buddhism- Ligne n°39 : Alternate titles: Chan, Sŏn, Seon, Thien, Zen Buddhism
Ligne n°40 : (BUTTON) Print ...
Ligne n°57 : ... URL- Ligne n°58 : https://www.britannica.com/topic/Zen
Ligne n°59 : (BUTTON) More ...- Ligne n°106 : Zen, Chinese Chan, Korean Sŏn, also spelled Seon, Vietnamese Thien,
Ligne n°107 : important school of East Asian Buddhism that constitutes the mainstream ...
Ligne n°110 : ... The word derives from the Sanskrit dhyana, meaning “meditation.”- Ligne n°111 : Central to Zen teaching is the belief that awakening can be achieved by
Ligne n°112 : anyone but requires instruction in the proper forms of spiritual ...
Ligne n°112 : ... anyone but requires instruction in the proper forms of spiritual- Ligne n°113 : cultivation by a master. In modern times, Zen has been identified
Ligne n°114 : especially with the secular arts of medieval Japan (such as the tea ...
Ligne n°116 : ... expression of artistic or spiritual vitality regardless of context. In- Ligne n°117 : popular usage, the modern non-Buddhist connotations of the word Zen
Ligne n°118 : have become so prominent that in many cases the term is used as a label ...
Ligne n°118 : ... have become so prominent that in many cases the term is used as a label- Ligne n°119 : for phenomena that lack any relationship to Zen or are even
Ligne n°120 : antithetical to its teachings and practices. ...
Ligne n°125 : ... Transmission of the Lamp (Chingde chongdeng lu) offers an authoritative- Ligne n°126 : introduction to the origins and nature of Zen Buddhism. The work
Ligne n°127 : describes the Zen school as consisting of the authentic Buddhism ...
Ligne n°126 : ... introduction to the origins and nature of Zen Buddhism. The work- Ligne n°127 : describes the Zen school as consisting of the authentic Buddhism
Ligne n°128 : practiced by monks and nuns who belong to a large religious family with ...- Ligne n°148 : From the time of Bodhidharma to the present, each generation of the Zen
Ligne n°149 : lineage claimed to have attained the same spiritual awakening as its ...
Ligne n°150 : ... predecessors, thereby preserving the Buddha’s “lamp of wisdom.” This- Ligne n°151 : genealogical ethos confers religious authority on present-day Zen
Ligne n°152 : teachers as the legitimate heirs and living representatives of all ...
Ligne n°153 : ... previous Buddhas and patriarchs. It also provides the context of belief- Ligne n°154 : for various Zen rituals, such as funeral services performed by Zen
- Ligne n°154 : for various Zen rituals, such as funeral services performed by Zen
Ligne n°155 : priests and ancestral memorial rites for the families of laypeople who ...- Ligne n°158 : The Zen ethos that people in each new generation can and must attain
Ligne n°159 : spiritual awakening does not imply any rejection of the usual forms of ...
Ligne n°161 : ... performance of good deeds, and the practice of rites and ceremonies,- Ligne n°162 : image worship, and ritualized forms of meditation. Zen teachers
Ligne n°163 : typically assert rather that all of these practices must be performed ...
Ligne n°164 : ... correctly as authentic expressions of awakening, as exemplified by- Ligne n°165 : previous generations of Zen teachers. For this reason, the Records of
Ligne n°166 : the Transmission of the Lamp attributes the development of the standard ...
Ligne n°167 : ... format and liturgy of the Chinese Buddhist monastic institution to- Ligne n°168 : early Zen patriarchs, even though there is no historical evidence to
Ligne n°169 : support this claim. Beginning at the time of the Song dynasty ...
Ligne n°172 : ... “rules of purity” (Chinese: qinggui; Japanese: shingi), these rules- Ligne n°173 : were frequently seen as unique expressions of Chinese Zen. In fact,
Ligne n°174 : however, the monks largely codified traditional Buddhist priestly norms ...
Ligne n°176 : ... residents of all authorized monasteries, whether affiliated with the- Ligne n°177 : Zen school or not.
- Ligne n°179 : Zen monks and nuns typically study Buddhist scriptures, Chinese
Ligne n°180 : classics, poetics, and Zen literature. Special emphasis traditionally ...
Ligne n°179 : ... Zen monks and nuns typically study Buddhist scriptures, Chinese- Ligne n°180 : classics, poetics, and Zen literature. Special emphasis traditionally
Ligne n°181 : has been placed on the study of “public cases” (Chinese: gongan; ...
Ligne n°181 : ... has been placed on the study of “public cases” (Chinese: gongan;- Ligne n°182 : Japanese: kōan), or accounts of episodes in which Zen patriarchs
Ligne n°183 : reportedly attained awakening or expressed their awakening in novel and ...
Ligne n°186 : ... compendia, the public cases are likened to legal precedents that are- Ligne n°187 : designed to guide the followers of Zen.
- Ligne n°193 : Although Zen Buddhism in China is traditionally dated to the 5th
Ligne n°194 : century, it actually first came to prominence in the early 8th century, ...
Ligne n°196 : ... (618–907) to become empress of the short-lived Zhou dynasty (690–705),- Ligne n°197 : patronized Zen teachers as her court priests. After Empress Wuhou died
Ligne n°198 : and the Tang dynasty was restored to power, rival sects of Zen appeared ...
Ligne n°197 : ... patronized Zen teachers as her court priests. After Empress Wuhou died- Ligne n°198 : and the Tang dynasty was restored to power, rival sects of Zen appeared
Ligne n°199 : whose members claimed to be more legitimate and more orthodox than the ...
Ligne n°199 : ... whose members claimed to be more legitimate and more orthodox than the- Ligne n°200 : Zen teachers who had been associated with the discredited empress.
Ligne n°201 : These sectarian rivalries continued until the Song dynasty, when a more ...
Ligne n°201 : ... These sectarian rivalries continued until the Song dynasty, when a more- Ligne n°202 : inclusive form of Zen became associated with almost all of the official
Ligne n°203 : state-sponsored Buddhist monasteries. As the official form of Chinese ...
Ligne n°203 : ... state-sponsored Buddhist monasteries. As the official form of Chinese- Ligne n°204 : Buddhism, the Song dynasty version of Zen subsequently spread to Korea,
Ligne n°205 : Japan, and Vietnam. ...- Ligne n°211 : During the reign of the Song, Zen mythology, Zen literature, and Zen
- Ligne n°211 : During the reign of the Song, Zen mythology, Zen literature, and Zen
- Ligne n°211 : During the reign of the Song, Zen mythology, Zen literature, and Zen
Ligne n°212 : forms of Buddhist spiritual cultivation underwent important growth. ...
Ligne n°212 : ... forms of Buddhist spiritual cultivation underwent important growth.- Ligne n°213 : Since that time, Zen teachings have skillfully combined the seemingly
Ligne n°214 : opposing elements of mythology and history, iconoclasm and pious ...
Ligne n°219 : ... During the Song dynasty the study of public cases became very- Ligne n°220 : sophisticated, as Zen monks arranged them into various categories,
Ligne n°221 : wrote verse commentaries on them, and advocated new techniques for ...
Ligne n°224 : ... Gateless Barrier (1229; Chinese: Wumen guan; Japanese: Mumon kan)- Ligne n°225 : remain basic textbooks for Zen students to the present day. The
Ligne n°226 : public-case literature validates the sense of liberation and freedom ...
Ligne n°228 : ... placing the expression of those impulses under the supervision of- Ligne n°229 : well-disciplined senior monks. For this reason, Zen texts frequently
Ligne n°230 : assert that genuine awakening cannot be acquired through individual ...
Ligne n°231 : ... study alone but must be realized through the guidance of an authentic- Ligne n°232 : Zen teacher.
Ligne n°236 : ... During Japan’s medieval period (roughly the 12th through 15th- Ligne n°237 : centuries), Zen monks played a major role in introducing the arts and
Ligne n°238 : literature of Song-dynasty China to Japanese leaders. The Five Mountain ...
Ligne n°238 : ... literature of Song-dynasty China to Japanese leaders. The Five Mountain- Ligne n°239 : (Japanese: Gozan) Zen temples, which were sponsored by the Japanese
Ligne n°240 : imperial family and military rulers, housed many monks who had visited ...
Ligne n°245 : ... cultivation of the self with concerns for social ethics and- Ligne n°246 : metaphysics. In this way, wealthy Zen monasteries, especially those
Ligne n°247 : located in the Japanese capital city of Kyōto, became centres for the ...
Ligne n°249 : ... painting, calligraphy, poetics, ceramics, and garden design—the- Ligne n°250 : so-called Zen arts, or (in China) Song-dynasty arts.
- Ligne n°252 : Apart from the elite Five Mountain institutions, Japanese Zen monks and
Ligne n°253 : nuns founded many monasteries and temples in the rural countryside. ...
Ligne n°253 : ... nuns founded many monasteries and temples in the rural countryside.- Ligne n°254 : Unlike their urban counterparts, monks and nuns in rural Zen
Ligne n°255 : monasteries devoted more energy to religious matters than to Chinese ...
Ligne n°256 : ... arts and learning. Their daily lives focused on worship ceremonies,- Ligne n°257 : ritual periods of “sitting Zen” (Japanese: zaZen) meditation, the study
- Ligne n°257 : ritual periods of “sitting Zen” (Japanese: zaZen) meditation, the study
Ligne n°258 : of public cases, and the performance of religious services for ...
Ligne n°258 : ... of public cases, and the performance of religious services for- Ligne n°259 : lower-status merchants, warriors, and peasants. Rural Zen monks helped
Ligne n°260 : to popularize many Buddhist rituals now common in Japan, such as prayer ...
Ligne n°264 : ... city of Kyōto was destroyed in a widespread civil war, monks from rural- Ligne n°265 : Zen lineages came to dominate all Zen institutions in Japan, including
- Ligne n°265 : Zen lineages came to dominate all Zen institutions in Japan, including
Ligne n°266 : the urban ones that formerly enjoyed Five Mountain status. ...
Ligne n°268 : ... After the Tokugawa rulers of the Edo period (1603–1867) restored peace,- Ligne n°269 : Zen monasteries and all other religious institutions in Japan
Ligne n°270 : cooperated in the government’s efforts to regulate society. In this new ...
Ligne n°270 : ... cooperated in the government’s efforts to regulate society. In this new- Ligne n°271 : political environment, Zen monks and other religious leaders taught a
Ligne n°272 : form of conventional morality (Japanese: tsūzoku dōtoku) that owed more ...
Ligne n°274 : ... were used to justify the strict social hierarchy enforced by the- Ligne n°275 : government. Many Confucian teachers in turn adapted Zen Buddhist
Ligne n°276 : meditation techniques to “quiet sitting” (Japanese: seiza), a Confucian ...
Ligne n°277 : ... contemplative practice. As a result of these developments, the social- Ligne n°278 : and religious distinctions between Zen practice and Confucianism became
Ligne n°279 : blurred. ...
Ligne n°281 : ... When the Ming dynasty (1368–1661) in China began to collapse, many- Ligne n°282 : Chinese Zen monks sought refuge in Japan. Their arrival caused Japanese
Ligne n°283 : Zen monks to question whether their Japanese teachers or the new ...
Ligne n°282 : ... Chinese Zen monks sought refuge in Japan. Their arrival caused Japanese- Ligne n°283 : Zen monks to question whether their Japanese teachers or the new
Ligne n°284 : Chinese arrivals had more faithfully maintained the traditions of the ...
Ligne n°284 : ... Chinese arrivals had more faithfully maintained the traditions of the- Ligne n°285 : ancient buddhas and patriarchs. The resultant search for authentic Zen
Ligne n°286 : roots prompted the development of sectarianism, not just between ...
Ligne n°286 : ... roots prompted the development of sectarianism, not just between- Ligne n°287 : Japanese and Chinese Zen leaders but also within the existing Japanese
Ligne n°288 : Zen community. Eventually sectarian rivalry led to the emergence of ...
Ligne n°287 : ... Japanese and Chinese Zen leaders but also within the existing Japanese- Ligne n°288 : Zen community. Eventually sectarian rivalry led to the emergence of
Ligne n°289 : three separate Japanese Zen lineages: Ōbaku (Chinese: Huanbo), Rinzai ...
Ligne n°288 : ... Zen community. Eventually sectarian rivalry led to the emergence of- Ligne n°289 : three separate Japanese Zen lineages: Ōbaku (Chinese: Huanbo), Rinzai
Ligne n°290 : (Chinese: Linji), and Sōtō (Chinese: Caodong). Ignoring their ...
Ligne n°295 : ... instruments, clothing, and temple architecture. People affiliated with- Ligne n°296 : Sōtō, by far the largest of the Japanese Zen lineages, stressed the
Ligne n°297 : accomplishments of their patriarch Dōgen (1200–53), whose chief work, ...
Ligne n°301 : ... Rinzai- Ligne n°302 : Myōshin, a chief temple of the Rinzai sect of Zen Buddhism in Kyōto,
Ligne n°303 : Japan. ...