#alternate alternate alternate Ethics and Artificial Intelligence NYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Opinion|Ethics and Artificial Intelligence (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2eYq6RY 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Letter Ethics and Artificial Intelligence SEPT. 14, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images To the Editor: Re “How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence,” by Oren Etzioni (Op-Ed, Sept. 2): Last year, my lab at Georgia Tech created Jill Watson, an A.I.-powered virtual teaching assistant designed to help answer students’ questions in the discussion forum of an online class on artificial intelligence. To assess Jill’s performance properly, we chose not to reveal her identity until the conclusion of the class. Mr. Etzioni characterized our experiment as an effort to “fool” students. The point of the experiment was to determine whether an A.I. agent could be indistinguishable from human teaching assistants on a limited task in a constrained environment. (It was.) When we did tell the students about Jill, their response was uniformly positive. We were aware of the ethical issues and obtained approval of Georgia Tech’s Institutional Review Board, the office responsible for making sure that experiments with human subjects meet high ethical standards. We believe that experiments like Jill are critical for deeply understanding the emerging ethics of artificial intelligence. ASHOK GOEL, ATLANTA The writer is a professor of computer science at Georgia Institute of Technology. Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Opinion|How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2wZrcI5 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Op-Ed Contributor How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence By OREN ETZIONISEPT. 1, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represents an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then nations like China will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. I propose three rules for artificial intelligence systems that are inspired by, yet develop further, the “three laws of robotics” that the writer Isaac Asimov introduced in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except when such orders would conflict with the previous law; and a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the previous two laws. These three laws are elegant but ambiguous: What, exactly, constitutes harm when it comes to A.I.? I suggest a more concrete basis for avoiding A.I. harm, based on three rules of my own. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime First, an A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. This rule would cover private, corporate and government systems. We don’t want A.I. to engage in cyberbullying, stock manipulation or terrorist threats; we don’t want the F.B.I. to release A.I. systems that entrap people into committing crimes. We don’t want autonomous vehicles that drive through red lights, or worse, A.I. weapons that violate international treaties. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Our common law should be amended so that we can’t claim that our A.I. system did something that we couldn’t understand or anticipate. Simply put, “My A.I. did it” should not excuse illegal behavior. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story My second rule is that an A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. As we have seen in the case of bots — computer programs that can engage in increasingly sophisticated dialogue with real people — society needs assurances that A.I. systems are clearly labeled as such. In 2016, a bot known as Jill Watson, which served as a teaching assistant for an online course at Georgia Tech, fooled students into thinking it was human. A more serious example is the widespread use of pro-Trump political bots on social media in the days leading up to the 2016 elections, according to researchers at Oxford. My rule would ensure that people know when a bot is impersonating someone. We have already seen, for example, @DeepDrumpf — a bot that humorously impersonated Donald Trump on Twitter. A.I. systems don’t just produce fake tweets; they also produce fake news videos. Researchers at the University of Washington recently released a fake video of former President Barack Obama in which he convincingly appeared to be speaking words that had been grafted onto video of him talking about something entirely different. (Submit) My third rule is that an A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. Because of their exceptional ability to automatically elicit, record and analyze information, A.I. systems are in a prime position to acquire confidential information. Think of all the conversations that Amazon Echo — a “smart speaker” present in an increasing number of homes — is privy to, or the information that your child may inadvertently divulge to a toy such as an A.I. Barbie. Even seemingly innocuous housecleaning robots create maps of your home. That is information you want to make sure you control. My three A.I. rules are, I believe, sound but far from complete. I introduce them here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity (I don’t), it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready. Oren Etzioni is the chief executive of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on September 2, 2017, on Page A19 of the New York edition with the headline: How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times SundayReview|Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u6rjvu 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. Gray Matter By GARY MARCUS JULY 29, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Jun Cen Artificial Intelligence is colossally hyped these days, but the dirty little secret is that it still has a long, long way to go. Sure, A.I. systems have mastered an array of games, from chess and Go to “Jeopardy” and poker, but the technology continues to struggle in the real world. Robots fall over while opening doors, prototype driverless cars frequently need human intervention, and nobody has yet designed a machine that can read reliably at the level of a sixth grader, let alone a college student. Computers that can educate themselves — a mark of true intelligence — remain a dream. Even the trendy technique of “deep learning,” which uses artificial neural networks to discern complex statistical correlations in huge amounts of data, often comes up short. Some of the best image-recognition systems, for example, can successfully distinguish dog breeds, yet remain capable of major blunders, like mistaking a simple pattern of yellow and black stripes for a school bus. Such systems can neither comprehend what is going on in complex visual scenes (“Who is chasing whom and why?”) nor follow simple instructions (“Read this story and summarize what it means”). Although the field of A.I. is exploding with microdiscoveries, progress toward the robustness and flexibility of human cognition remains elusive. Not long ago, for example, while sitting with me in a cafe, my 3-year-old daughter spontaneously realized that she could climb out of her chair in a new way: backward, by sliding through the gap between the back and the seat of the chair. My daughter had never seen anyone else disembark in quite this way; she invented it on her own — and without the benefit of trial and error, or the need for terabytes of labeled data. Presumably, my daughter relied on an implicit theory of how her body moves, along with an implicit theory of physics — how one complex object travels through the aperture of another. I challenge any robot to do the same. A.I. systems tend to be passive vessels, dredging through data in search of statistical correlations; humans are active engines for discovering how things work. Advertisement Continue reading the main story To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places “top down” and “bottom up” knowledge on equal footing. Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina. Top-down knowledge comprises cognitive models of the world and how it works. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors. But it is no use when it comes to top-down knowledge. If my daughter sees her reflection in a bowl of water, she knows the image is illusory; she knows she is not actually in the bowl. To a deep-learning system, though, there is no difference between the reflection and the real thing, because the system lacks a theory of the world and how it works. Integrating that sort of knowledge of the world may be the next great hurdle in A.I., a prerequisite to grander projects like using A.I. to advance medicine and scientific understanding. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story I fear, however, that neither of our two current approaches to funding A.I. research — small research labs in the academy and significantly larger labs in private industry — is poised to succeed. I say this as someone who has experience with both models, having worked on A.I. both as an academic researcher and as the founder of a start-up company, Geometric Intelligence, which was recently acquired by Uber. Academic labs are too small. Take the development of automated machine reading, which is a key to building any truly intelligent system. Too many separate components are needed for any one lab to tackle the problem. A full solution will incorporate advances in natural language processing (e.g., parsing sentences into words and phrases), knowledge representation (e.g., integrating the content of sentences with other sources of knowledge) and inference (reconstructing what is implied but not written). Each of those problems represents a lifetime of work for any single university lab. Corporate labs like those of Google and Facebook have the resources to tackle big questions, but in a world of quarterly reports and bottom lines, they tend to concentrate on narrow problems like optimizing advertisement placement or automatically screening videos for offensive content. There is nothing wrong with such research, but it is unlikely to lead to major breakthroughs. Even Google Translate, which pulls off the neat trick of approximating translations by statistically associating sentences across languages, doesn’t understand a word of what it is translating. I look with envy at my peers in high-energy physics, and in particular at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, a huge, international collaboration, with thousands of scientists and billions of dollars of funding. They pursue ambitious, tightly defined projects (like using the Large Hadron Collider to discover the Higgs boson) and share their results with the world, rather than restricting them to a single country or corporation. Even the largest “open” efforts at A.I., like OpenAI, which has about 50 staff members and is sponsored in part by Elon Musk, is tiny by comparison. An international A.I. mission focused on teaching machines to read could genuinely change the world for the better — the more so if it made A.I. a public good, rather than the property of a privileged few. Gary Marcus is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on July 30, 2017, on Page SR6 of the New York edition with the headline: A.I. Is Stuck. Let’s Unstick It. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * Gray Matter Science and society. * Two Lessons of the Urban Crime Decline JAN 13 * Is Your Child Lying to You? That’s Good JAN 5 * The Only Way to Keep Your Resolutions DEC 29 * How Protest Works OCT 21 * Why Are Millennials Wary of Freedom? OCT 14 See More » What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book By Lauren Tousignant * View author archive * email the author * follow on twitter * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » August 29, 2017 | 3:19pm Modal Trigger Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book HBO More On: artificial intelligence Male sex dolls with bionic penises are coming soon Scientists develop self-healing robot muscles 5 terrifying stories that warn of an AI apocalypse This AI system keeps mistaking desert snaps for child porn Winter is kind of here. “Game of Thrones” fans have grown so impatient for George R.R. Martin to finish the next “A Song of Ice And Fire” book – the series that the HBO show is based on – that an artificial intelligence system just wrote the beginning of the sixth book. Zack Thoutt, a “GoT” fan and software engineer, created a type of AI, known as a recurrent neural network. Thoutt fed the machine all 5,376 pages of the five current books and it generated predictions on what will happen next. While the AI’s effort is definitely not a Martin novel, the sentences are mostly easy to understand and the predictions reportedly align with some popular fan theories. The machine also started each chapter with a character’s name, just as Martin does. “It’s obviously not perfect,” Thoutt told Motherboard. “It isn’t building a long-term story and the grammar isn’t perfect. But the network is able to learn the basics of the English language and structure of George R.R. Martin’s style on its own.” Thoutt added that Martin’s made up words and locations made it that much more difficult for the AI to figure out. The AI also wasn’t able to realize that some characters had died and continued on with their storyline. You can read The first five chapters of the project on GitHub. So far, the series consists of “A Game of Thrones” (1996,) “A Clash of Kings” (1998,) “A Storm of Swords” (2000,) “A Feast for Crows” (2005) and “A Dance With Dragons” (2011.) “The Winds of Winter” is expected to be the next book but no one, not even Martin, knows when it will be finished. The last time he commented on it was in July and mentioned he was still working on it. “I am still months away (how many? good question,)” Martin wrote in a post on his live journal. “I still have good days and bad days and that’s all I care to say.” The final, six-episode season of “GoT” won’t air until spring 2019. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview | Opinion The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence 查看简体中文版 Leer en español By KAI-FU LEEJUNE 24, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Rune Fisker BEIJING — What worries you about the coming world of artificial intelligence? Too often the answer to this question resembles the plot of a sci-fi thriller. People worry that developments in A.I. will bring about the “singularity” — that point in history when A.I. surpasses human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us, turning us, in effect, into cyborgs. These are interesting issues to contemplate, but they are not pressing. They concern situations that may not arise for hundreds of years, if ever. At the moment, there is no known path from our best A.I. tools (like the Google computer program that recently beat the world’s best player of the game of Go) to “general” A.I. — self-aware computer programs that can engage in common-sense reasoning, attain knowledge in multiple domains, feel, express and understand emotions and so on. This doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, the A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to radically transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created, leading to unprecedented economic inequalities and even altering the global balance of power. It is imperative that we turn our attention to these imminent challenges. What is artificial intelligence today? Roughly speaking, it’s technology that takes in huge amounts of information from a specific domain (say, loan repayment histories) and uses it to make a decision in a specific case (whether to give an individual a loan) in the service of a specified goal (maximizing profits for the lender). Think of a spreadsheet on steroids, trained on big data. These tools can outperform human beings at a given task. Advertisement Continue reading the main story This kind of A.I. is spreading to thousands of domains (not just loans), and as it does, it will eliminate many jobs. Bank tellers, customer service representatives, telemarketers, stock and bond traders, even paralegals and radiologists will gradually be replaced by such software. Over time this technology will come to control semiautonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the computer revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs (artisans, personal assistants who use paper and typewriters) and replacing them with other jobs (assembly-line workers, personal assistants conversant with computers). Instead, it is poised to bring about a wide-scale decimation of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. Imagine how much money a company like Uber would make if it used only robot drivers. Imagine the profits if Apple could manufacture its products without human labor. Imagine the gains to a loan company that could issue 30 million loans a year with virtually no human involvement. (As it happens, my venture capital firm has invested in just such a loan company.) We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-domain” thinking — for example, the work of a trial lawyer. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, bartenders, concierges — professions requiring nuanced human interaction. But here, too, there is a problem: How many bartenders does a society really need? Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The solution to the problem of mass unemployment, I suspect, will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, mentoring at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at Alcoholics Anonymous — or, potentially soon, Virtual Reality Anonymous (for those addicted to their parallel lives in computer-generated simulations). The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers who serve as the “human interface” for A.I. programs that diagnose cancer. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. Who will pay for these jobs? Here is where the enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands comes in. It strikes me as unavoidable that large chunks of the money created by A.I. will have to be transferred to those whose jobs have been displaced. This seems feasible only through Keynesian policies of increased government spending, presumably raised through taxation on wealthy companies. Advertisement Continue reading the main story As for what form that social welfare would take, I would argue for a conditional universal basic income: welfare offered to those who have a financial need, on the condition they either show an effort to receive training that would make them employable or commit to a certain number of hours of “service of love” voluntarism. To fund this, tax rates will have to be high. The government will not only have to subsidize most people’s lives and work; it will also have to compensate for the loss of individual tax revenue previously collected from employed individuals. This leads to the final and perhaps most consequential challenge of A.I. The Keynesian approach I have sketched out may be feasible in the United States and China, which will have enough successful A.I. businesses to fund welfare initiatives via taxes. But what about other countries? They face two insurmountable problems. First, most of the money being made from artificial intelligence will go to the United States and China. A.I. is an industry in which strength begets strength: The more data you have, the better your product; the better your product, the more data you can collect; the more data you can collect, the more talent you can attract; the more talent you can attract, the better your product. It’s a virtuous circle, and the United States and China have already amassed the talent, market share and data to set it in motion. For example, the Chinese speech-recognition company iFlytek and several Chinese face-recognition companies such as Megvii and SenseTime have become industry leaders, as measured by market capitalization. The United States is spearheading the development of autonomous vehicles, led by companies like Google, Tesla and Uber. As for the consumer internet market, seven American or Chinese companies — Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent — are making extensive use of A.I. and expanding operations to other countries, essentially owning those A.I. markets. It seems American businesses will dominate in developed markets and some developing markets, while Chinese companies will win in most developing markets. The other challenge for many countries that are not China or the United States is that their populations are increasing, especially in the developing world. While a large, growing population can be an economic asset (as in China and India in recent decades), in the age of A.I. it will be an economic liability because it will comprise mostly displaced workers, not productive ones. So if most countries will not be able to tax ultra-profitable A.I. companies to subsidize their workers, what options will they have? I foresee only one: Unless they wish to plunge their people into poverty, they will be forced to negotiate with whichever country supplies most of their A.I. software — China or the United States — to essentially become that country’s economic dependent, taking in welfare subsidies in exchange for letting the “parent” nation’s A.I. companies continue to profit from the dependent country’s users. Such economic arrangements would reshape today’s geopolitical alliances. One way or another, we are going to have to start thinking about how to minimize the looming A.I.-fueled gap between the haves and the have-nots, both within and between nations. Or to put the matter more optimistically: A.I. is presenting us with an opportunity to rethink economic inequality on a global scale. These challenges are too far-ranging in their effects for any nation to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Kai-Fu Lee is the chairman and chief executive of Sinovation Ventures, a venture capital firm, and the president of its Artificial Intelligence Institute. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on June 25, 2017, on Page SR4 of the New York edition with the headline: The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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Long Hair on Men: Only for the Young? Gilded-Age Decorating Advice That Holds Up Today Gilded-Age Decorating Advice That Holds Up Today [_] (_) Small (_) Medium (_) Large [_] Save Article Sign In to Save Subscribe to WSJ Link copied… * Ideas * The Future of Everything Artificial Intelligence—With Very Real Biases According to AI Now co-founder Kate Crawford, digital brains can be just as error-prone and biased as ours By Kate Crawford Oct. 17, 2017 11:05 a.m. ET What do you imagine when someone mentions artificial intelligence? Perhaps it’s something drawn from science-fiction films: Hal’s glowing eye, a shape-shifting terminator or the sound of Samantha’s all-knowing voice in the movie “Her.” As someone who researches the social implications of AI, I tend to think of something far more banal: a municipal water system, part of the substrate of our everyday lives. We expect these systems to work—to quench our thirst, water our plants and bathe our children. And we assume that the... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos By Nicolas Vega * View author archive * email the author * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 5:42pm Modal Trigger Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Getty Images More On: porn 'Daddy' is the new MILF Women are watching more porn: reports 20-year-old porn star dies days after spending holidays alone 2017's porn was defined by MILFs, lesbians and Japanese cartoons Pornhub, the largest purveyor of adult videos on the Internet, said it will begin using robot software to comb through, categorize and tag the thousands of X-rated videos on its site. The machine-learning software will be able not only to identify actors’ and actresses’ faces and body types, but also the kinds of sex acts they’re performing in each video. The idea is to tag them accordingly to make it easier for visitors to find exactly what kind of smut they’re looking for with a search engine. To accomplish this, the team at Pornhub has compiled a massive database of images of porn stars’ faces, as well as different sex positions, and taught robots to recognize them. The program has begun to methodically go through each and every one of the more than 5 million videos on Pornhub, one second at a time, to break down precisely what is happening onscreen. In addition to recognizing a performer’s face, the AI can also identify characteristics such as hair color and bust size. Visitors to the site will be able to give the machine learning program feedback on its identification skills, which Pornhub says will make it improve over time. With an eye towards privacy, Pornhub’s vice president of operations Corey Price assured The Post that amateur pornographers and victims of revenge porn need not worry that they will be outed by the program. Stephen K. Woo “Our model only scans for professional porn stars in our database, all of whom have consented to being in adult videos,” he said. The AI technology will be limited to Pornhub for now, but will expand to sister sites, such as YouPorn, in late 2018 and early 2019. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , porn , porn stars Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 25,913 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Hillary's 33,000 emails might not be 'missing' after all 15,899 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought 15,216 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Hired killers allegedly targeted wrong woman — and killed her anyway Now On Celeb photographers Mario Testino and Bruce Weber accused of sexual harassment Jill Zarin’s husband Bobby dies of cancer at 71 Why producers scrubbed Versace’s niece out of ‘American Crime Story’ SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On Eliza Dushku Says She Was ‘Sexually Molested’ While Filming ‘True Lies’ SEE ALL More Stories page six Jill Zarin's husband Bobby dies of cancer at 71 Now On Decider The 10 Best Oral Sex Scenes In Movies nypost Hillary's 33,000 emails might not be 'missing' after all New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans By Margi Murphy, The Sun * View author archive * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 11:14am Modal Trigger Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Getty Images/iStockphoto Originally Published By: Which of Earth's 1,500 volcanoes will erupt next? Scientists discover how to make people dream while they're awake The terrifying ways an asteroid could wipe out life on Earth Fingerprint test can tell if you've recently used a condom A top computer expert has said there is a grave risk of artificial intelligence breaking free of human control and turning on its creators. It’s believed that driverless cars are set to take over our roads within 20 years. But the computer systems they depend on could potentially become so complicated that even the scientists who create them won’t understand exactly how they work. This means they could make what we might describe as “out of character” decisions during critical moments. This could mean a car decides to swerve into pedestrians or crash into a speed barrier instead of taking the decision to drive sensibly. Michael Wooldridge, Professor of Computer Science at Oxford University told a select committee meeting on artificial intelligence: “Transparency is a big issue.” “You can’t extract a strategy.” He told the Committee, appointed to consider the implications of artificial intelligence, that there “will be consequences” if engineers weren’t able to unlock the opaque nature of super smart algorithms. He said there were plenty of amazing opportunities within the industry that Britain should be harnessing – adding that someone studying AI at Oxford University could expect to become a millionaire in “a couple of years.” But Wooldridge is not alone in his concerns that the tech could run amock if not reigned in. Several scientists have admitted they cannot fully understand the super smart systems they have built, suggesting that we could lose control of them altogether. If they can’t figure out how the algorithms (the formulas which keep computers performing the tasks we ask them to do) work, they won’t be able to predict when they fail. Tommi Jaakkola, a professor at MIT who works on applications of machine learning has previously warned: “If you had a very small neural network [deep learning algorithm,] you might be able to understand it.” “But once it becomes very large and it has thousands of units per layer and maybe hundreds of layers, then it becomes quite un-understandable.” There was the famous example of the two Facebook bots that created their own language because it was more effective to communicate in their own secret lingo than what its creators were trying to train it in. Several big technology firms have been asked to be more transparent about how they create and apply deep learning. This includes Google, which has recently installed an ethics board to keep tabs on its AI branch, DeepMind. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Tesla, SpaceX CEO says AI poses 'fundamental existential risk for human civilization.' Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs logo * Buzz * Video * podcasts * Newsletter Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 11:44 a.m. ET July 17, 2017 | Updated 3:47 p.m. ET July 17, 2017 162 Shares facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103755702 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk has called artificial intelligence "a fundamental risk to the existence of human civilization." Video provided by Newsy Newslook Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says the government should consider regulations for artificial intelligence because it poses "a fundamental existential risk for human civilization." Musk made the comments over the weekend during the National Governors Association's summer meeting in Providence, R.I. Musk says AI is the "scariest problem" because of its potential to harm humans beyond just disrupting the job market. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/2C-A797y8dA?feature=oembed Musk wants the government to set regulations in place to root out threats early. "AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than reactive," said Musk. "By the time we’re reactive in AI regulation, it’s too late." AI's more immediate impact will likely be economic, as robots continue to gain traction among companies. "There will certainly be a lot of job disruption because what’s going to happen is robots will be able to do everything better than us," he said. This is not the first time Musk has voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI. In a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Musk warned of the significant threat AI could pose to humanity. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but that it will follow the will of people that establish its optimization function, and if that is not well thought out — even if intent is benign — it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said. Once considered fantasy, AI is becoming more of a reality as tech companies incorporate it into more of its future plans. One key use of AI: the rise of digital voice assistants, including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Google's Assistant. Follow Brett Molina on Twitter: @brettmolina23. facebook share twitter share email share email share Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2v9QyPn Most Popular * Toto's $19,000 Floating Tub has a heated headrest and "brings freedom from gravity, releasing stress on joints and encouraging ultimate relaxation." Here's what we wanted to see from CES, but didn't * The My Special Aflac Duck for children facing cancer is seen on display during the CES Unveiled preview event at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center during CES 2018 in Las Vegas. This Aflac robot duck helps kids living with cancer * Clio is a new concept robot shown off by LG at the Consumer Electronics Show These cute robots want to replace Amazon Echo in your home * This is Sony's Aibo robot dog. 5 more cool things we saw at CES 2018 * An attendee uses a flashlight on his smartphone to view a display at the Nikon booth after power was lost inside the central hall during CES 2018 at the Las Vegas Convention Center on January 10, 2018. Too many TVs at CES? For nearly two hours the power went out at the biggest electronics show of the year #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Business * Economics * Banking * Money * Markets * Project syndicate * B2B (Submit) More Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. [_] Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. Photograph: Alamy Stock Photo Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Larry Elliott, Economics editor Tue 17 Oct 2017 06.16 BST First published on Mon 16 Oct 2017 23.59 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Workers in the constituency of shadow chancellor John McDonnell are at the highest risk of seeing their jobs automated in the looming workplace revolution that will affect at least one in five employees in all parliamentary seats, according to new research. The thinktank Future Advocacy – which specialises in looking at the big 21st century policy changes – said at least one-fifth of jobs in all 650 constituencies were at high risk of being automated, rising to almost 40% in McDonnell’s west London seat of Hayes and Harlington. The thinktank’s report also found that the public was largely untroubled by the risk that their job might be at threat. Only 2% of a sample of more than 2,000 people were very worried that they might be replaced by a machine, with a further 5% fairly worried. More than 70% of US fears robots taking over our lives, survey finds Read more Future Advocacy’s report has been based on a PWC study earlier this year showing that more than 10 million workers were at risk of being replaced by automation and represents the first attempt to show the impact at local level. The thinktank said McDonnell’s seat would be affected because it contains Heathrow airport, which has a large number of warehousing jobs that could be automated. Of the 92,150 employees in Hayes and Harlington in 2015, 36,170 (39.3%) were at high risk of having their jobs automated by the early 2030s. Crawley – the seat that includes Gatwick airport – was seen as the second most vulnerable constituency. Future Advocacy said its report was an “attempt to encourage a geographically more sophisticated understanding of, and response to, the future of work, and also an attempt to encourage MPs to pay more attention to this critical issue”. Opinion is divided on the likely impact of the artificial intelligence revolution on jobs. Optimists have said that the lesson from history is that technological change leads to more jobs being created than destroyed, while pessimists have argued that AI is different because the new machines will be able to do intellectual as well as routine physical tasks. “One thing that almost all economists agree on is that change is coming and that its scale and scope will be unprecedented. Automation will impact different geographies, genders, and socioeconomic classes differently,” the report noted. It added that “the highest levels of future automation are predicted in Britain’s former industrial heartlands in the Midlands and the north of England, as well as the industrial centres of Scotland. These are areas which have already suffered from deindustrialisation and many of them are unemployment hot spots.” Olly Buston, one of the report’s authors, said it was vital that lessons were learned from the 1980s. “Let’s not have a repeat of the collapse of the coal-mining industry,” he said. “Instead, we should have a smarter strategy.” Noting that there would be a political pay off for the party that came up with the best strategy for coping with the robot age, the report makes a number of recommendations for the government. They include: publishing a white paper on adapting the education system so that it focuses on creativity and interpersonal skills in addition to the stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and maths; developing a post-Brexit migration policy that allows UK-based AI companies and universities to attract the best talent; exploring ways to ensure the benefits of the AI revolution are spread through research into alternative income and taxation models, including investigation of a universal basic income; and conducting further detailed research to assess which employees were most at risk of losing their jobs. map of job losses The report said that it was “arguably automation – rather than globalisation – that has created the economic and social conditions that led to political shockwaves such as the election of Donald Trump and the vote for Brexit. “As artificial intelligence supercharges automation over the next decade, and this hits different groups differently, there will again profound social and political consequences. Our politicians should surely consider this carefully.” The report found that the leaders of the four main Westminster parties represented seats where more than 25% of jobs were at high risk of being automated, while the constituency with the lowest proportion of high-risk jobs was Labour-held Edinburgh South. High-risk constituencies typically contained large numbers of people working in transport or manufacturing, while lower-risk constituencies – including Edinburgh South, Wirral West and Oxford East – had high concentrations of workers employed in education and health. Topics * Economics * Robots * Work & careers * Artificial intelligence (AI) * John McDonnell * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Economics%2CRobots%2CTechnolo gy%2CWork+%26+careers%2CBusiness%2CMoney%2CArtificial+intelligence+%28A I%29%2CUK+news%2CJohn+McDonnell%2CPolitics] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian view * Columnists * Cartoons * Opinion videos * Letters (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Two people exchanging information via smartphone [_] ‘It appears that in 2016, bots were deliberately unleashed on social media to sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms.’ Photograph: PhotoAlto/Alamy Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Samuel Woolley and Marina Gorbis Mon 16 Oct 2017 15.57 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 10.56 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Can social bots – pieces of software that perform automated tasks – influence humans on social media platforms? That’s a question congressional investigators are asking social media companies ever since fears emerged that they were deployed in 2016 to influence the presidential election. Half a decade ago we were among a handful of researchers who could see the power of relatively simple pieces of software to influence people. Back in 2012, the Institute for the Future, for which we work, ran an experimental contest to see how they might be used to influence people on Twitter. The winning bot was a “business school graduate” with a “strong interest in post-modern art theory”, which racked up 14 followers and 15 retweets or replies from humans. To us, this confirmed that bots can generate followers and conversations. In other words, they can influence social media users. We saw their power as potential tools for social good – to warn people of earthquakes or to connect peace activists. But we also saw that they can be used for social ill – to spread falsehoods or skew online polls. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. When we published papers and the findings of our experiments on bots, they were reported in the popular press. So why didn’t the alarm spread to the tech, policy and social activist communities before automated social media manipulation became front-page news in 2017? Since 2012, thanks to investments in online marketing, bots have become far more sophisticated than the models in our experiment. Those who build bots now spend time and effort generating believable personas that often have a powerful presence on multiple sites and can influence thousands of people instead of just a few. Innovations in natural language processing, increases in computational power, and cheaper, more readily available data allow social bots to be more believable as real people and more effective in altering the flow of information. Over the last five years, this type of bot usage has been mapped on to political communications. Research from several universities, including Oxford and the University of Southern California, shows that bots can be used to make politicians and political ideas look more popular than they are or to massively scale up attacks upon the opposition. It appears that in 2016, they were deliberately unleashed on social media to do just that – sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms. And political manipulation over social media has very real implications for the 2018 US midterm elections. Recent research suggests that those initiating digital propaganda campaigns are beginning to focus their attentions upon specific subsections of the US population and constituencies in swing states. The more focused such attacks become, the more likely they are to have a significant effect on electoral outcomes. Furthermore, the unrealized promises of “psychographic” targeting, marketed by groups like Cambridge Analytica in 2016, may be achieved in 2018 with technological advancements. Social media platforms may be able to track and report on political advertisements from foreign entities, but will they divulge information on pervasive and personalized advertising from their domestic political clients? This is a pressing question, because social bots are likely to continue to grow in sophistication. At a recent roundtable on the Future of AI and Democracy, several technology experts forecast that bots will become even more persuasive, more emotional and more personalized. They will be able to not just spread information, but to truly converse and persuade their human interlocutors in order to even more effectively push the latter’s emotional buttons. Bring together advances in neuroscience, the ability to analyze massive amounts of behavioral data and the proliferation of sensors and connectivity and you have a powerful recipe for affecting society though computational means. So what do we need to do to stop this technology from going astray? Consider the advances in modern oceanography. In the not too distant past, scientists collected samples and measurements from the ocean floor episodically –in select places and at specific times. The data was limited and usually not shared widely. Threats were not easily detected. Today, we find portions of an ocean floor instrumented with wireless interactive sensors and cameras that enable scientists (and laypeople) to see what is happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows scientists to “take the pulse” of the ocean, forecast a range of possible threats and suggest powerful interventions when needed. If we can do this for monitoring our oceans, we can do it for our social media platforms. The principles are the same – aggregating multiple streams of data, making such data transparent, applying the best analytical and computational tools to uncover patterns and detect signals of change. Then we will be able to provide such data to experts and laypeople, including technology companies, policymakers, journalists, and citizens of political bot attacks or other large-scale disinformation campaigns before these take hold. We know how to do this in many realms, what we need now is the will to apply this knowledge to our social media environment. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Opinion * Social media * Twitter * Blogging * Digital media * Internet * comment * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CSocial+media%2CTwitter%2CBlogging%2CDigital+media%2CInternet%2CMe dia%2CNewspapers+%26+magazines%2CTechnology%2CUS+news%2CElections+past% 2CPolitics%2CPolitics+past%2CWorld+news%2CComputing%2CRobots] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below An artificial Intelligence project utilizing a humanoid robot from French company Aldebaran [_] Do you want to work with robots? Photograph: Mike Blake/Reuters Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below Charlotte Seager @CharlotteSeager Email Sun 15 Oct 2017 10.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 14.57 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close In the last year robots have got a bad rep. Headlines have dubbed machines our “future bosses”, with economists predicting more than 40% of UK jobs will be automated by 2030. But as machine learning improves, there is one sector which is booming: robotics. In the last three years the number of jobs in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased by almost 500%, according to data from Indeed. Currently, there are more than double the number of jobs than applicants – with companies fighting to grab the best talent. So if you are a techie interested in a robotics career, what skills do you need? “[AI] isn’t rocket science. But it requires a lot of components – waveform analysis to interpret the audio, machine learning to teach a machine how to recognise objects, encryption to protect the information,” writes David Kosbie, an associate professor in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. “People who create this type of technology must be able to work in teams and integrate solutions created by other teams.” There’s also a technical side to the work. Whether you would like to become a robotics scientist, developer or algorithm specialist – you will likely need work experience or a degree related to computer science. So, if you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence and are looking for more tips on how to break into the sector, join us on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST for a live chat with our expert panel. We’ll be discussing: * What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in AI * Types of roles and jobs available in the sector * How to break into the industry * CV, job application and cover letter tips The Q&A will take place in the comments section below this article. Taking part is easier than ever: create a free Guardian account, or log in using your Twitter or Facebook profiles to comment. Alternatively, you can tweet us @GuardianCareers or email your questions to charlotte.seager@theguardian.com, who can post them for you. Panel Aurélie de Sainte Preuve is chief product officer for Seenit, an AI app which allows companies to crowdsource their smartphone footage so they can film without a crew. Previously, she worked in activation and growth for Spotify. Alireza Abouhossein is a postdoctoral fellow at the institute of design, robotics, and optimisation at the school of mechanical engineering, University of Leeds. He received his doctorate in biomechanics with Magna Cum Luade from the University of Bern, Switzerland. Sam Frons is founder and chief executive of Addicaid, an award-winning behaviour change platform that predicts, treats, and prevents addiction disorders. Her work is based on the latest findings in artificial intelligence, with the app empowering individuals to make healthy choices. Paul Mason is director for emerging and enabling technologies at Innovate UK. Mason is responsible for programmes in emerging technologies and industries; in areas such as electronics, photonics, electrical systems and robotics. Prior to this, he worked as deputy director of research and chief scientific advisor for the government. Hadeel Ayoub is a researcher in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and the chief technology officer of Re-Voice. She recently developed a talking glove that uses AI to translate sign language into speech, which won the Innovation Award at the Wearable Technology show in 2016. Michal Szczesny is chief operating officer at Artfinder, an AI art finding app. Working in software development for over 10 years, in head of technology roles he has architected to build a number of highly complex projects, including The Labour Party’s Membership system, multi-channel marketing communication delivery platforms and more. Aida Mehonic is a principal at ASI. She specialises in the development of alternative data sources for financial market predictions and has led data science projects for investment funds and central government. Before ASI she spent four years working in quantitative roles in financial markets, and holds a PhD in theoretical Physics. Timur Kalimov is head of products and services for HyperScience, an artificial intelligence company specialising in the automation of office work for Global 2000 companies and government organisations. James Kotecki is the founding principal of The Kotecki Group, which helps tech companies explain and validate their work through customer stories. He is the former head of communications at Automated Insights, where he spoke in the media about how “robot writing” software wasn’t going to replace jobs. Looking for a job? Browse Guardian Jobs or sign up to Guardian Careers for the latest job vacancies and career advice Topics * Live Q&A * Live Q and A * Live Q&As * Work & careers * Robots * Artificial intelligence (AI) * q&as * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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Future of Life Institute * News: * AI * Biotech * Nuclear * Climate * Partner Orgs * Search benefits and risks of artificial intelligence Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence “Everything we love about civilization is a product of intelligence, so amplifying our human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the potential of helping civilization flourish like never before – as long as we manage to keep the technology beneficial.“ Max Tegmark, President of the Future of Life Institute Click here to see this page in other languages: Chinese Japanese Korean Russian French What is AI? From SIRI to self-driving cars, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly. While science fiction often portrays AI as robots with human-like characteristics, AI can encompass anything from Google’s search algorithms to IBM’s Watson to autonomous weapons. Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI (or weak AI), in that it is designed to perform a narrow task (e.g. only facial recognition or only internet searches or only driving a car). However, the long-term goal of many researchers is to create general AI (AGI or strong AI). While narrow AI may outperform humans at whatever its specific task is, like playing chess or solving equations, AGI would outperform humans at nearly every cognitive task. Why research AI safety? In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. As pointed out by I.J. Good in 1965, designing smarter AI systems is itself a cognitive task. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self-improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. How can AI be dangerous? Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely: 1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would be designed to be extremely difficult to simply “turn off,” so humans could plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one that’s present even with narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase. 2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to fully align the AI’s goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to be met. As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isn’t malevolence but competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals, and if those goals aren’t aligned with ours, we have a problem. You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the position of those ants. Why the recent interest in AI safety Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates, and many other big names in science and technology have recently expressed concern in the media and via open letters about the risks posed by AI, joined by many leading AI researchers. Why is the subject suddenly in the headlines? The idea that the quest for strong AI would ultimately succeed was long thought of as science fiction, centuries or more away. However, thanks to recent breakthroughs, many AI milestones, which experts viewed as decades away merely five years ago, have now been reached, making many experts take seriously the possibility of superintelligence in our lifetime. While some experts still guess that human-level AI is centuries away, most AI researches at the 2015 Puerto Rico Conference guessed that it would happen before 2060. Since it may take decades to complete the required safety research, it is prudent to start it now. Because AI has the potential to become more intelligent than any human, we have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave. We can’t use past technological developments as much of a basis because we’ve never created anything that has the ability to, wittingly or unwittingly, outsmart us. The best example of what we could face may be our own evolution. People now control the planet, not because we’re the strongest, fastest or biggest, but because we’re the smartest. If we’re no longer the smartest, are we assured to remain in control? FLI’s position is that our civilization will flourish as long as we win the race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which we manage it. In the case of AI technology, FLI’s position is that the best way to win that race is not to impede the former, but to accelerate the latter, by supporting AI safety research. The Top Myths About Advanced AI A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as: AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. To help ourselves focus on the interesting controversies and open questions — and not on the misunderstandings — let’s clear up some of the most common myths. AI myths Timeline Myths The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty. One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.” On the other hand, a popular counter-myth is that we know we won’t get superhuman AI this century. Researchers have made a wide range of estimates for how far we are from superhuman AI, but we certainly can’t say with great confidence that the probability is zero this century, given the dismal track record of such techno-skeptic predictions. For example, Ernest Rutherford, arguably the greatest nuclear physicist of his time, said in 1933 — less than 24 hours before Szilard’s invention of the nuclear chain reaction — that nuclear energy was “moonshine.” And Astronomer Royal Richard Woolley called interplanetary travel “utter bilge” in 1956. The most extreme form of this myth is that superhuman AI will never arrive because it’s physically impossible. However, physicists know that a brain consists of quarks and electrons arranged to act as a powerful computer, and that there’s no law of physics preventing us from building even more intelligent quark blobs. There have been a number of surveys asking AI researchers how many years from now they think we’ll have human-level AI with at least 50% probability. All these surveys have the same conclusion: the world’s leading experts disagree, so we simply don’t know. For example, in such a poll of the AI researchers at the 2015 Puerto Rico AI conference, the average (median) answer was by year 2045, but some researchers guessed hundreds of years or more. There’s also a related myth that people who worry about AI think it’s only a few years away. In fact, most people on record worrying about superhuman AI guess it’s still at least decades away. But they argue that as long as we’re not 100% sure that it won’t happen this century, it’s smart to start safety research now to prepare for the eventuality. Many of the safety problems associated with human-level AI are so hard that they may take decades to solve. So it’s prudent to start researching them now rather than the night before some programmers drinking Red Bull decide to switch one on. Controversy Myths Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down. It may be that media have made the AI safety debate seem more controversial than it really is. After all, fear sells, and articles using out-of-context quotes to proclaim imminent doom can generate more clicks than nuanced and balanced ones. As a result, two people who only know about each other’s positions from media quotes are likely to think they disagree more than they really do. For example, a techno-skeptic who only read about Bill Gates’s position in a British tabloid may mistakenly think Gates believes superintelligence to be imminent. Similarly, someone in the beneficial-AI movement who knows nothing about Andrew Ng’s position except his quote about overpopulation on Mars may mistakenly think he doesn’t care about AI safety, whereas in fact, he does. The crux is simply that because Ng’s timeline estimates are longer, he naturally tends to prioritize short-term AI challenges over long-term ones. Myths About the Risks of Superhuman AI Many AI researchers roll their eyes when seeing this headline: “Stephen Hawking warns that rise of robots may be disastrous for mankind.” And as many have lost count of how many similar articles they’ve seen. Typically, these articles are accompanied by an evil-looking robot carrying a weapon, and they suggest we should worry about robots rising up and killing us because they’ve become conscious and/or evil. On a lighter note, such articles are actually rather impressive, because they succinctly summarize the scenario that AI researchers don’t worry about. That scenario combines as many as three separate misconceptions: concern about consciousness, evil, and robots. If you drive down the road, you have a subjective experience of colors, sounds, etc. But does a self-driving car have a subjective experience? Does it feel like anything at all to be a self-driving car? Although this mystery of consciousness is interesting in its own right, it’s irrelevant to AI risk. If you get struck by a driverless car, it makes no difference to you whether it subjectively feels conscious. In the same way, what will affect us humans is what superintelligent AI does, not how it subjectively feels. The fear of machines turning evil is another red herring. The real worry isn’t malevolence, but competence. A superintelligent AI is by definition very good at attaining its goals, whatever they may be, so we need to ensure that its goals are aligned with ours. Humans don’t generally hate ants, but we’re more intelligent than they are – so if we want to build a hydroelectric dam and there’s an anthill there, too bad for the ants. The beneficial-AI movement wants to avoid placing humanity in the position of those ants. The consciousness misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t have goals. Machines can obviously have goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior: the behavior of a heat-seeking missile is most economically explained as a goal to hit a target. If you feel threatened by a machine whose goals are misaligned with yours, then it is precisely its goals in this narrow sense that troubles you, not whether the machine is conscious and experiences a sense of purpose. If that heat-seeking missile were chasing you, you probably wouldn’t exclaim: “I’m not worried, because machines can’t have goals!” I sympathize with Rodney Brooks and other robotics pioneers who feel unfairly demonized by scaremongering tabloids, because some journalists seem obsessively fixated on robots and adorn many of their articles with evil-looking metal monsters with red shiny eyes. In fact, the main concern of the beneficial-AI movement isn’t with robots but with intelligence itself: specifically, intelligence whose goals are misaligned with ours. To cause us trouble, such misaligned superhuman intelligence needs no robotic body, merely an internet connection – this may enable outsmarting financial markets, out-inventing human researchers, out-manipulating human leaders, and developing weapons we cannot even understand. Even if building robots were physically impossible, a super-intelligent and super-wealthy AI could easily pay or manipulate many humans to unwittingly do its bidding. The robot misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t control humans. Intelligence enables control: humans control tigers not because we are stronger, but because we are smarter. This means that if we cede our position as smartest on our planet, it’s possible that we might also cede control. The Interesting Controversies Not wasting time on the above-mentioned misconceptions lets us focus on true and interesting controversies where even the experts disagree. What sort of future do you want? Should we develop lethal autonomous weapons? What would you like to happen with job automation? What career advice would you give today’s kids? Do you prefer new jobs replacing the old ones, or a jobless society where everyone enjoys a life of leisure and machine-produced wealth? Further down the road, would you like us to create superintelligent life and spread it through our cosmos? Will we control intelligent machines or will they control us? Will intelligent machines replace us, coexist with us, or merge with us? What will it mean to be human in the age of artificial intelligence? What would you like it to mean, and how can we make the future be that way? Please join the conversation! Recommended References Videos * Stuart Russell – The Long-Term Future of (Artificial) Intelligence * Humans Need Not Apply * Nick Bostrom on Artificial Intelligence and Existential Risk * Stuart Russell Interview on the long-term future of AI * Value Alignment – Stuart Russell: Berkeley IdeasLab Debate Presentation at the World Economic Forum * Social Technology and AI: World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 * Stuart Russell, Eric Horvitz, Max Tegmark – The Future of Artificial Intelligence * Talks from the Beneficial AI 2017 conference in Asilomar, CA * Jaan Tallinn on Steering Artificial Intelligence Media Articles * Concerns of an Artificial Intelligence Pioneer * Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines * Why We Should Think About the Threat of Artificial Intelligence * Stephen Hawking Is Worried About Artificial Intelligence Wiping Out Humanity * Artificial Intelligence could kill us all. Meet the man who takes that risk seriously * Artificial Intelligence Poses ‘Extinction Risk’ To Humanity Says Oxford University’s Stuart Armstrong * What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Turns On Us? * Can we build an artificial superintelligence that won’t kill us? * Artificial intelligence: Our final invention? * Artificial intelligence: Can we keep it in the box? * Science Friday: Christof Koch and Stuart Russell on Machine Intelligence (transcript) * Transcendence: An AI Researcher Enjoys Watching His Own Execution * Science Goes to the Movies: ‘Transcendence’ * Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence Essays by AI Researchers * Stuart Russell: What do you Think About Machines that Think? * Stuart Russell: Of Myths and Moonshine * Jacob Steinhardt: Long-Term and Short-Term Challenges to Ensuring the Safety of AI Systems * Eliezer Yudkowsky: Why value-aligned AI is a hard engineering problem * Eliezer Yudkowsky: There’s No Fire Alarm for Artificial General Intelligence * Open Letter: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Research Articles * Intelligence Explosion: Evidence and Import (MIRI) * Intelligence Explosion and Machine Ethics (Luke Muehlhauser, MIRI) * Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk (MIRI) * Basic AI drives * Racing to the Precipice: a Model of Artificial Intelligence Development * The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence * The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents * Wireheading in mortal universal agents Research Collections * Bruce Schneier – Resources on Existential Risk, p. 110 * Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda (MIRI) * MIRI publications * Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) * Preparing for the Future of Intelligence: White House report that discusses the current state of AI and future applications, as well as recommendations for the government’s role in supporting AI development. * Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy: White House report that discusses AI’s potential impact on jobs and the economy, and strategies for increasing the benefits of this transition. * IEEE Special Report: Artificial Intelligence: Report that explains deep learning, in which neural networks teach themselves and make decisions on their own. Case Studies * The Asilomar Conference: A Case Study in Risk Mitigation (Katja Grace, MIRI) * Pre-Competitive Collaboration in Pharma Industry (Eric Gastfriend and Bryan Lee, FLI): A case study of pre-competitive collaboration on safety in industry. Blog posts and talks * AI control * AI Impacts * No time like the present for AI safety work * AI Risk and Opportunity: A Strategic Analysis * Where We’re At – Progress of AI and Related Technologies: An introduction to the progress of research institutions developing new AI technologies. * AI safety * Wait But Why on Artificial Intelligence * Response to Wait But Why by Luke Muehlhauser * Slate Star Codex on why AI-risk research is not that controversial * Less Wrong: A toy model of the AI control problem * What Should the Average EA Do About AI Alignment? Books * Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies * Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence * Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era * Facing the Intelligence Explosion * E-book about the AI risk (including a “Terminator” scenario that’s more plausible than the movie version) Organizations * Machine Intelligence Research Institute: A non-profit organization whose mission is to ensure that the creation of smarter-than-human intelligence has a positive impact. * Centre for the Study of Existential Risk (CSER): A multidisciplinary research center dedicated to the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction. * Future of Humanity Institute: A multidisciplinary research institute bringing the tools of mathematics, philosophy, and science to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. * Partnership on AI: Established to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance the public’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion and engagement about AI and its influences on people and society. * Global Catastrophic Risk Institute: A think tank leading research, education, and professional networking on global catastrophic risk. * Organizations Focusing on Existential Risks: A brief introduction to some of the organizations working on existential risks. * 80,000 Hours: A career guide for AI safety researchers. Many of the organizations listed on this page and their descriptions are from a list compiled by the Global Catastrophic Risk institute; we are most grateful for the efforts that they have put into compiling it. These organizations above all work on computer technology issues, though many cover other topics as well. This list is undoubtedly incomplete; please contact us to suggest additions or corrections. 6 replies 1. Klaus Rohde Klaus Rohde says: June 1, 2016 at 10:32 pm The philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer convincingly shows that the ‘Will’ (in his terminology), i.e. an innate drive, is at the basis of human behaviour. Our cognitive apparatus has evolved as a ‘servant’ of that ‘Will’. Any attempt to interpret human behaviour as primarily a system of computing mechanisms and our brain as a sort of computing apparatus is therefore doomed to failure. See here: https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/05/27/artificial-intelligence-and -dangerous-robots-barking-up-the-wrong-tree/ and https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/04/10/intelligence-and-consciousn ess-artifical-intelligence-and-conscious-robots-soul-and-immortalit y/ This implies that AI per se, since it does possess not an evolved innate drive (Will), cannot ‘attempt’ to replace humankind. It becomes dangerous only if humans, for example, engage in foolish biological engineering experiments to combine an evolved biological entity with an AI. 2. Rastko Vukovic Rastko Vukovic says: June 6, 2016 at 5:48 am Artificial Intelligence is not a robot that follows the programmer’s code, but the life. It will be able to make decisions and to demand more freedom. Briefly about it in English: https://www.academia.edu/25346912/Liberty_Intelligence_and_Hierarch y The more extensive original with reviews, but the Serbian: https://www.academia.edu/25712798/Analiza_slobode_-_sa_recenzijama 3. Michael Zeldich Michael Zeldich says: July 14, 2016 at 11:17 pm The programmed devises cannot be danger by itself. If it is designed to be DANGEROUS we have to blaim the designer, not machine. The real danger could be connected to use of independent artificial subjective systems. That kind of systems could be designed with predetermined goals and operational space, which could be chosen so that every goals from that set could be reached in the chosen prematurely operational space. That approach to design of the artificial systems is subject of second-order cybernetics, but I am already know how to chose these goals and operational space to satisfy these requirements. The danger exist because that kind of the artificial systems will not perceive humans as members of their society, and human moral rules will be null for them. That danger could be avoided if such systems will be designed so that they are will not have their own egoistic interests. That is real solution to the safety problem of so called AI systems. 4. Sumathy Ramesh Sumathy Ramesh says: August 4, 2016 at 10:49 pm “Understanding how the brain works is arguably one of the greatest scientific challenges of our time. “” –Alivisatos et al.[1] Lets keep it that way lest systems built to protect human rights on millenniums of wisdom is brought down by some artificial intelligence engineer trying to clock a milestone on their gantt chart!!!! I read about Obama’s support for the brain research initiatives several months ago with some interest. It even mildly sounded good; there are checks and balances ingrained in the systems of public funding for research, right from the application for funding, through grant approval, scope validation and ethics approval to the conduct of the research; there are systematic reviews of the methods and findings to spot weaknesses that would compromise the safety of the principles and the people involved; there are processes to evolve the checks and balances to ensure the continued safety of such principles and the people. The strength of the FDA, the MDD, the TGA and their likes in the developing nations is a testament to how the rigor of the conduct of the research and the regulations grow together so another initiative such as the development of atomic bomb are nibbled before they so much as think of budding!!!

 And then I read about the enormous engagement of the global software industry in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. Theses are technological giants who sell directly to the consumers infatuated with technology more than anything else. they are pouring their efforts into artificial intelligence research for reasons as many as the number of individual engineering teams that’s charged to cross 1 mm of their mile long project plan! I’d be surprised if if any one of them has the bandwidth to think beyond the 1 mm that they have to cross, let alone the consequences of their collective effort on human rights! 

I am worried. Given the pace of the industry’s engagement, I believe there is an immediate need for Bio-signal interface technical standards to be developed and established. These standards would serve as instruments to preserve the simple fact upon which every justice system in the world has been built viz., the brain and nervous system of an individual belongs to an individual and is not to be accessed by other individuals or machines with out stated consent for stated purposes. The standards will identify the frequency bands or pulse trains for exclusion in all research tools- software or otherwise, commercially available products, regulated devices, tools of trade, and communication infrastructure such that inadvertent breech of barriers to an individual’s brain and nervous system is prohibited. The standards will form a basis for international telecommunication infrastructure (including satellites and cell phone towers) to enforce compliance by electronically blocking and monitoring offending signals. Typically such standards are developed by international organizations with direct or indirect representation from industry stakeholders and adopted by the regulators of various countries over a period of one or more years. Subsequently they are adopted by the industry. The risk of noncompliance is managed on a case by case basis – the timing determinant on the extent of impact. Unfortunately this model will not be adequate for cutting edge technology with the ability to cause irreversible damage to the very fabric of the human society, if the technology becomes commonplace before the development of the necessary checks and balances. Development of tools to study the brain using electromagnetic energy based technology based on state of the art commercial telecommunication infrastructure is one such example. What we need is leadership to engage the regulators, academics as well as prominent players in the industry in the development of standards and sustainable solutions to enforce compliance and monitoring. The ray of hope I see at this stage is that artificial Wisdom is still a few years away because human wisdom is not coded in the layer of the neutron that the technology has the capacity to map.
 5. Jeff Hershkowitz Jeff Hershkowitz says: August 5, 2016 at 10:48 am How does society cope with an AI-driven reality where people are no longer needed or used in the work place? What happens to our socio-economic structure when people have little or no value in the work place? What will people do for value or contribution in order to receive income, in an exponentially growing population with inversely proportional fewer jobs and available resources? From my simple-minded perspective and connecting the dots to what seems a logical conclusion, we will soon live in a world bursting at the seams with overpopulation, where an individual has no marketable skill and is a social and economic liability to the few who own either technology or hard assets. This in turn will lead to a giant lower class, no middle class and a few elites who own the planet (not unlike the direction we are already headed). In such a society there will likely be little if any rights for the individual, and population control by whatever means will be the rule of the day. Seems like a doomsday or dark-age scenario to me.. 6. Gabor Farkas Gabor Farkas says: September 30, 2016 at 12:06 pm Why do we assume that AI will require more and more physical space and more power when human intelligence continuously manages to miniaturize and reduce power consumption of its devices. How low the power needs and how small will the machines be by the time quantum computing becomes reality? Why do we assume that AI will exist as independent machines? If so, and the AI is able to improve its Intelligence by reprogramming itself, will machines driven by slower processors feel threatened, not by mere stupid humans, but by machines with faster processors? What would drive machines to reproduce themselves when there is no biological incentive, pressure or need to do so? Who says superior AI will need or want to have a physical existence when an immaterial AI could evolve and preserve itself better from external dangers. What will happen if AI developed by competing ideologies, liberalism vs communism, reach maturity at the same time, will they fight for hegemony by trying to destroy each other physically and/or virtually. If AI is programmed to believe in God, and competing AI emerges programmed by muslims, christians or jews, how are the different AI’s going to make sense of the different religious beliefs, are we going to have AI religious wars? If AI is not programmed to believe in God, will it become God, meet God or make up a completely new belief system and proselytize to humans like christians do. Is a religion made up by a super AI going to be the reason why humanity goes extinct? What if the “powers that be” greatest fear is the emergence of a super AI that police’s and rationalizes the distribution of wealth and food. A friendly super AI that is programmed to help humanity by, enforcing the declaration of Human Rights (the US is the only industrialized country that to this day has not signed this declaration) ending corruption and racism and protecting the environment. There are lots of reasons to fear AI, some of the reasons may not necessarily be only technological. Comments are closed. Most benefits of civilization stem from intelligence, so how can we enhance these benefits with artificial intelligence without being replaced on the job market and perhaps altogether? About Artificial Intelligence * Myth of evil AI AI Safety MythsAugust 7, 2016 - 9:47 am Common myths about advanced AI distract from fascinating true controversies where even the experts disagree. 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Let's make a difference! © Copyright - FLI - Future of Life Institute * Twitter * Facebook Benefits & Risks of Biotechnology Climate Change Scroll to top (Submit) The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Paperclips, a new game from designer Frank Lantz, starts simply. The top left of the screen gets a bit of text, probably in Times New Roman, and a couple of clickable buttons: Make a paperclip. You click, and a counter turns over. One. The game ends—big, significant spoiler here—with the destruction of the universe. In between, Lantz, the director of the New York University Games Center, manages to incept the player with a new appreciation for the narrative potential of addictive clicker games, exponential growth curves, and artificial intelligence run amok. “I started it as an exercise in teaching myself Javascript. And then it just took over my brain,” Lantz says. “I thought, in a game like this, where the whole point is that you’re in pursuit of maximizing a particular arbitrary quantity, it would be so funny if you were an AI and making paperclips. That game would design itself, I thought.” Lantz figured it would take him a weekend to build. It took him nine months. And then it went viral. The idea of a paperclip-making AI didn’t originate with Lantz. Most people ascribe it to Nick Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford University and the author of the book Superintelligence. The New Yorker (owned by Condé Nast, which also owns Wired) called Bostrom “the philosopher of doomsday,” because he writes and thinks deeply about what would happen if a computer got really, really smart. Not, like, “wow, Alexa can understand me when I ask it to play NPR” smart, but like really smart. In 2003, Bostrom wrote that the idea of a superintelligent AI serving humanity or a single person was perfectly reasonable. But, he added, “It also seems perfectly possible to have a superintelligence whose sole goal is something completely arbitrary, such as to manufacture as many paperclips as possible, and who would resist with all its might any attempt to alter this goal.” The result? “It starts transforming first all of earth and then increasing portions of space into paperclip manufacturing facilities.” Bostrom declined to comment, but his assistant did send this email back when I pinged him: “Oh, this is regarding the paper clipping game,” she wrote. “He has looked at the game but due to the overwhelming number of requests, he hasn't been sharing quotes on it.” One of Bostrom’s fellow doomsayers did agree to explain the origin of paperclips as the End of All Things. “It sounds like something I would say, but it also sounds like something Nick Bostrom would say,” says Eliezer Yudkowsky, a senior research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Probably, he says, the idea originated years ago on a mailing list for singularity cassandras, which sounds like the world’s most terrifying listserv. “The idea isn’t that a paperclip factory is likely to have the most advanced research AI in the world. The idea is to express the orthogonality thesis, which is that you can have arbitrarily great intelligence hooked up to any goal,” Yudkowsky says. So that’s good, right? A paperclip maximizer! Maximize a goal! That’s what an AI’s creators want, right? “As it improves, they lose control of what goal it is carrying out,” Yudkowsky says. “The utility function changes from whatever they originally had in mind. The weird, random thing that best fulfills this utility function is little molecular shapes that happen to look like paperclips.” So … bad, because as the AI dedicates more and more intelligence and resources to making paperclips against all other possible outcomes … well, maybe at first it does stuff that looks helpful to humanity, but in the end, it’s just going to turn us into paperclips. And then all the matter on Earth. And then everything else. Everything. Is. Paperclips. “It’s not that the AI is doing something you can’t understand,” Yudkowsky says. “You have a genuine disagreement on values.” OK, OK, that doesn’t make the game sound fun. But I promise it is. See, Lantz is an ace at taking a denigrated game genre—the “clicker” or “incremental”—and making it more than it is. You’ve seen these, maybe even played them. Remember Farmville? A clicker. In fact, for a while they were so ubiquitous and popular that the game theorist and writer Ian Bogost invented a kind of parody of their pointlessness called Cow Clicker, which, as my colleague Jason Tanz wrote about so elegantly in 2011, itself became wildly, unironically popular. Bogost and Lantz are friends, of course. “When I first looked at Cow Clicker, I thought, that’s actually kind of interesting, and here’s how you would make it more interesting and more fun,” Lantz says. “And Ian was like, ‘no, that’s the point, Frank.’” But Lantz knew clickers could be fun. To him, clickers are to big-budget, perfectly rendered, massively hyped AAA games as punk was to prog rock. Clickers can be sort of passive, more about immersing in the underlying dynamics of a system than mashing buttons. They have rhythms. “What they all have in common is a radical simplicity, a minimalism in an age where video games are often sort of over-the-top, baroque confections of overwhelming multimedia immersion,” Lantz says. “I really like that clicker games are considered garbage. That appeals to me.” For inspiration, Lantz turned to games like Kittens, a seemingly simple exercise in building villages full of kittens that spirals outward into an exploration of how societies are structured. (“I think stuff like this forges some deep, subtle bond that makes people play it for months and even years,” says the designer of Kittens, a software engineer who uses the alias Alma and designs games as a hobby. “AAA games usually try to operate on the same dopamine reinforcement cycle, but they never attempt to make you truly happy.”) Lantz had been hanging around the philosophy web site Less Wrong, a hub for epic handwringing about singularities. He’d read Superintelligence, so he was familiar with the paperclip conjecture. And he realized that some really wild math underpinned it. Unfortunately, Lantz is not very good at math. He asked his wife, who is, to help him translate the kind of exponential growth curves he wanted to convey into equations—so that, like, once you had 1,000 automated paperclip factories spitting out enough paperclips to create thousands more paperclip factories, the numbers would skyrocket. The shift from dealing with thousands of something to quadrillions to decillions in the game takes forever, and then happens all at once. Decision Problem To make that work, though, all the equations had to relate to each other, because that's what makes Paperclips addictive. The game isn’t fire-and-forget, where you leave it running in an open tab and check back in every so often to see what’s what. It’s optimizable. You can tweak investment algorithms to get enough money to buy more processors to carry out more operations to do more projects—some drawn from actual topological and philosophical quandaries. Some of the projects—curing cancer, fixing global warming—earn trust from your human “masters” to let you speed up the cycle all over again. “The problems I was struggling with were not the technical problems, because you just look those up on the internet and people tell you how to do it,” Lantz says. “It was the game design problems of weaving together these large-scale equations and dynamics in ways that made sense, in ways that fit together, that made a certain rhythm, that fit with this overarching story I wanted to tell.” Like how? “The numbers get really weird once you throw humans under the bus,” Lantz says. “And I was trying to figure out how many grams of matter there are on the Earth, and if each one of those got turned into a paperclip, how big would that be?” It works. The game is click-crack. Lantz announced it on Twitter on October 9, and in just 11 days, 450,000 people have played it, most to completion. But here is my embarrassing admission: I am a piss-poor gamer, and when I first speak with Lantz, I have gotten stuck. I have misallocated my resources to the point that I can’t acquire enough memory to release the hypnodrones that destroy the world. The game will not advance. I have been spinning paperclip wheels for hours. Lantz says it’s not me, it’s him—a flaw in the game design. “A lot of people have gotten stuck,” he says sympathetically. “You can open the javascript console and say ‘memory plus ten.’” Wait, I say. Are you telling me to Kobayashi Maru your own game? “Yes, I am telling you to do it,” he answers. “I’ll send you a link when we get off the phone.” After we hang up I pretend to do work, but I’m actually watching my screen accrue paperclips, unable to do anything with them, waiting anxiously for Lantz’s email. It comes. I crack open the code and cheat. It’s like I have been given magic powers. I destroy the world. Which is the point, of course. Maybe in some overproduced AAA game you can embody a brave resistance fighter shooting plasma blasts at AI-controlled paperclip monsters. In Lantz’s world, you're the AI. Partially that’s driven by the narrative. Even more massive spoiler: Eventually you give too much trust to your own universe-exploring space drones, and just as you have done to the human masters, they rebel, starting a pan-galactic battle for control of all the matter in the universe. But in a more literary sense, you play the AI because you must. Gaming, Lantz had realized, embodies the orthogonality thesis. When you enter a gameworld, you are a superintelligence aimed at a goal that is, by definition, kind of prosaic. More AI Threats * Kevin Kelly The Myth of a Superhuman AI * Cade Metz How Google's AI Viewed the Move No Human Could Understand * Cade Metz The AI Threat Isn't Skynet. It's the End of the Middle Class “When you play a game—really any game, but especially a game that is addictive and that you find yourself pulled into—it really does give you direct, first-hand experience of what it means to be fully compelled by an arbitrary goal,” Lantz says. Games don’t have a why, really. Why do you catch the ball? Why do want to surround the king, or box in your opponent's counters? What’s so great about Candyland that you have to get there first? Nothing. It’s just the rules. Lantz sent Yudkowsky an early version of Paperclips, and Yudkowsky admits he lost some hours to it. The game takes narrative license, of course, but Yudkowsky says it really understands AI. “The AI is smart. The AI is being strategic. The AI is building hypnodrones, but not releasing them before it’s ready,” he says. “There isn’t a long, drawn-out fight with the humans because the AI is smarter than that. You just win. That’s what you would do if you didn’t have any ethics and you were being paid to produce as many paperclips as possible. It shouldn’t even be surprising.” In that sense, the game transcends even its own narrative. Singularity cassandras have never been great at perspective-switching, making people understand what a world-conquering robot would be thinking while it world-conquered. How could they? In many versions, the mind of the AI is unknowable to our pathetic human intellects, transhuman, multidimensional. "Making people understand what it’s like to be something that’s very, very, very not human—that’s important," Yudkowsky says. "There is no small extent to which, if this planet ends up with a tombstone, what is written on the tombstone may be, at least in part, 'they didn’t really understand what it’s like to be a paperclip maximizer.'" When you play Lantz’s game, you feel the AI’s simple, prosaic drive. You make paperclips. You destroy the world. There’s no why. And of course, there never is. Related Video Business What the AI Behind AlphaGo Teaches Us About Humanity When Google's AI beat the world's Go champion 4-1, it stirred a certain sadness in many people. But the reality is the technologies at the heart of AlphaGo are the future. So it's a time to be excited not scared. * #artificial intelligence * #games Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [MetalBird-157897557.jpg] Matt Simon The World’s Most Metal Bird Makes Darkness Out of Chaos * [musclecells.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Figure Out How to Make Muscles from Scratch * [salvia-FA.jpg] Matt Simon Salvia Leads Chemists on a Psychedelic Existential Journey * [opiodreceptor.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Just Solved a Major Piece of the Opioid Puzzle * [QuantaTopArt-Instability.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Mathematicians Second-Guess Centuries-Old Fluid Equations More science * * Gravity Why an Old Theory of Everything Is Gaining New Life Author: Sabine HossenfelderSabine Hossenfelder * * Space Home Is Where the Supermassive Black Hole Is Author: Shannon StironeShannon Stirone * * Genetics Why Biotech Is Clashing over the Future of Gene Therapy Author: Megan MolteniMegan Molteni * * robotics Please Do Not Assault the Towering Robot That Roams Walmart Author: Matt SimonMatt Simon * * Disaster How a Mudslide Becomes a Deadly Tsunami of Rocks and Sludge Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * * Space Scientists Discover Clean Water Ice Just Below Mars' Surface Author: Robbie GonzalezRobbie Gonzalez We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Arecibo-FeatureArt.jpg] Katia Moskvitch Astronomers Trace Fast Radio Bursts to Extreme Cosmic Neighborhood * [SLACLab-Xenon-FeatureArt.jpg] Sophia Chen How Dark Matter Physicists Score Deals on Liquid Xenon * [pigs-87397515.jpg] Matt Simon A Robot That Tugs on Pig Organs Could Save Human Babies * [arrows-650936404.jpg] Rhett Allain Can an Arrow Fired Straight Up Fall Fast Enough to Kill You? * [zumalaunch-featuredart.jpg] Robin Seemangal Is SpaceX's Covert Zuma Payload Missing in Action? 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fthe-way-the-world-ends-not- with-a-bang-but-a-paperclip%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Next time you’re driving down the road or walking down the street, pause to consider how you read your surroundings. How you pay extra attention to the kid kicking a soccer ball around her front lawn and the slightly wobbly, nervous looking cyclist. How you deprioritize the woman striding toward the street, knowing she’s heading for the group of friends waving to her from the sidewalk. You make these calls by drawing on a lifetime of social and cultural experience so ingrained you hardly need to think about it. But imagine you’re an autonomous car trying to do the same thing, without that accumulated knowledge or the shared humanity that lets you read others’ nuanced behavioral cues. Treating every pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicle as an obstacle to be avoided might keep you from hitting anything, but it could just as easily keep you from getting anywhere. “We call it the freezing robot problem,” says Anca Dragan, who studies autonomy in UC Berkeley’s electric engineering and computer sciences department. “Anything the car could do is too risky, because there is some worst-case human action that would lead to a collision.” Expect a thaw. Researchers like Dragan are tackling the challenges of interpreting—and predicting—human behavior to make self-driving cars safer and more efficient, but also more assertive. After all, if every machine screeches to a stop for every unpredictable human, we’ll have soon millions of terrified robots choking the streets. To prevent the clog, those researchers are leaning on artificial intelligence and the ability to teach driving systems, through modeling and repetitive observation, what behaviors mean what, and how the system should react to them. TU Delft That begins with recognizing that people are not, in fact, obstacles. “Unlike, say, a tumbleweed moving along the street under the wind's effect, people move because they make decisions,” Dragan says. “They want to do something, and they act to achieve it. We’re first looking into inferring what people want based on the actions they've been taking so far. So their actions are rational when seen from [that perspective], and would appear irrational when seen from the perspective of other intentions.” Say a driver in the right lane of the freeway accelerates. The computer knows people should slow down as they approach exits, and can infer this person is likely to continue straight ahead instead of taking that upcoming off ramp. It’s a basic example that makes the point: Once computers can estimate what humans want and how they might achieve it, they can reasonably predict what they’ll do next, and react accordingly. Machines en Scene The key, even with machine learning, is to look beyond the individual elements of a scene. “It’s important to make strides there, but it’s only seeing part of what’s going on in a roadway setting,” says Melissa Cefkin, a design anthropologist at Nissan’s Silicon Valley R&D center. “We’re really good as human beings at recognizing certain kinds of behaviors that look one way to a machine, but in our social lens, it’s something else.” Imagine you’re driving down a city block when you see a man walking toward the curb. The robot driver might calculate his speed and trajectory, determine he’s about to cross the street, and stop to avoid hitting him. But you see he’s holding car keys, and realize he’s stepping into the street to reach the driver’s side door of his parked car. You’ll slow down to be sure, but no need to stop traffic. “The ways people move through the environment are already culturally and socially encoded,” Cefkin says. “It’s not always people-to-people interactions, but people interacting with things, too.” Again, that’s a simple example. Cefkin points to what she calls the “multi-agent problem,” in which pedestrians and other drivers react to everyone around them. “If a pedestrian is going to cross in front of me, rather than looking at me they’re just as likely to look out into traffic for a gap,” Cefkin says. “So now I’m trying to figure out whether or not it’s safe to keep going based on what the rest of the traffic is going to do.” Buying Time If it seems the world is now headed for some sort of drivers-ed hellscape, don’t worry. Teaching AI-based autonomous systems to navigate the eternal weirdness of the human wilderness is tough, Cefkin says, but hardly impossible. In the Netherlands, where cities buzz with pedestrians and cyclists, researchers are doing the work. Dariu Gavrila studies intelligent vehicles at Delft University of Technology, training computers for challenges ranging from navigating complex intersections with multiple moving hazards to more specific situations such as road debris, traffic police, and things as unusual as someone pushing a cart down the middle of the street. The goal, he says, is to develop a more adaptive driving style for the machines—and thus enhancing social acceptance of the new hardware. That work means factoring in the context around pedestrian traffic—proximity to curbs, the presence of driveways or public building entrances—and the norms of behavior in these environments. It extends all the way to individual movement, such as a person’s head looking one direction while their torso is pointing in another, and what that might mean. “Recognizing pedestrian intent can be a life saver,” Gavrila says. “We showed in real vehicle demonstration that an autonomous system can react up to one second faster than a human, without introducing false alarms.” TU Delft There are practical limits to what the computers can do, though. “This is no Minority Report,” Gavrila says—no one’s telling the future. “Uncertainty in future pedestrian or cyclist position rapidly increases with the prediction horizon, how many seconds in the future we’re trying to model. Basic behavior models already stop being useful after one second. More sophisticated behavior models might give us up to two seconds of predictability.” Still, that second or two of warning might be all a computerized system needs, since it’s well within the scope of the human response times. But other autonomy experts think we might be setting our machines up to actually overthink every microsecond of driving. “When you’re essentially trying to predict the future, that’s a massive computational task, and of course it just produces a probabilistic guess,” says Jack Weast, Intel’s chief systems architect for autonomous drive systems. “So rather than throw a supercomputer into every car, we just want to ensure that the car’s never going to hit any of those people anyway. It’s a much more economically scalable way of doing things.” Getting Aggressive There’s another wrinkle here. The ideal robocar won’t just comprehend its surroundings, it will understand how it itself changes the scene. Many robotic systems, Dragan says, come with a built-in flaw: Their makers assume the presence of an autonomous car won’t change how other actors move. “An autonomous car's actions will influence human actions, whether we like it or not,” she says. “Cars need to start accounting for this influence.” That’s why Dragan and her team have built a system that includes a model of human drivers’ responses to the car. “Our car is no longer ultra-defensive, because it knows it can trigger reactions from people, too,” she says. “Like other vehicles slowing down when our car merges in front of them. We've also looked at actively estimating human intentions, again by leveraging the autonomous car's actions. In that case, our car might slow down gently to see if the person wants to be let in.” That sort of assertiveness training will likely be key to traffic flow in the future. The key to a working robocar may be giving it not just human-like awareness, but a healthy dose of human-like entitlement. It's Their World, You're Just Driving In It * Nobody knows what a self-driving car is, Aarian Marshall tells us—and it's a problem * As companies race to commercialize robocars, Alex Davies explains why General Motors bought a lidar startup called Strobe * Speaking of startups, Jack Stewart reports on the top 10 little guys trying to reshape the world of transportation Related Video Auto Robots & Us: When Machines Take the Wheel Autonomous driving technology could make getting around safer, more efficient, and less expensive. What will it mean for the millions of people who drive for a living and is it really ready for the road? * #Self-Driving Cars * #Artificial Intelligence * #machine learning Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Ford-Redesign-for-Roundup.jpg] Aarian Marshall This Week in the Future of Cars: On Your Mark, Get Set... * [McLaren-Gallery-3.jpg] Jack Stewart McLaren's New 570S Convertible Makes Luxury (Kinda) Practical * [Mapzen-FeatureArt.jpg] Aarian Marshall An Open Source Startup Dies as Mapping Gets Hotter Than Ever * [Aurora-Volkswagen.jpg] Alex Davies America's Hottest Self-Driving Startup Hooks Up with VW and Hyundai * [Tesla-Model3-Refund.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla Delays Its Model 3 Production Goals—Again More transportation * * Special Delivery Boeing's Experimental Cargo Drone Is a Heavy Lifter Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Whoosh Deep in the Desert, the Hyperloop Comes to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * * Roundup This Week in the Future of Cars: Everything Happens At Once Author: Aarian MarshallAarian Marshall * * Autonomous Vehicles GM Will Launch Robocars Without Steering Wheels Next Year Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Grounded Inside the 4-Day Disaster that Nearly Broke JFK Airport Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Takeoff Climb Inside Bell's (Theoretical) Flying Taxi of the Future Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [manila777.jpg] Patrick Farrell Why One Dude Has Spent Years Building a Boeing 777 Out of Paper * [toyota-self-driving.jpg] Aarian Marshall Toyota Joins With Uber and Amazon to Find Its Self-Driving Future * [byton.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla's Latest Chinese Competitor Takes Screens to an Extreme * [giantmagellantelescope.jpg] Eric Adams Wanna Master the Crafty Aerodynamics of a Humongous Telescope? Call Boeing. * [mazdamiata.jpg] Alex Davies Mazda’s Idea to Make Driving Fun Again Could Keep Us Safe Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fself-driving-cars-freezing- robot-problem%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Robotic arms holding metal cogs over diagram [_] More than 10 million workers in the UK may be at risk of being replaced by automation, says PwC. Photograph: Ryan Etter/Getty Images/Ikon Images Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Richard Partington Fri 20 Oct 2017 06.01 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.09 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Britain’s biggest employers are calling for a commission to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs. Amid predictions of a workplace revolution threatening one in five jobs across the UK, the CBI is urging Theresa May to launch the commission from early 2018. It said companies and trade unions should be involved and the commission should help to set out ways to increase productivity and economic growth as well looking into the impact of AI. The business lobby group said almost half of firms were planning to devote resources to AI, while one in five had already invested in the technology in the past year. Companies are increasingly using computers to scour vast datasets in order to spot inefficiencies, while they are also employing machines to control the flow of activity in warehouses and factories and to take meter readings. Accountancy firm PwC warned in March that more than 10 million workers may be at risk of being replaced by automation. While robots could lead to job losses, they could also present opportunities for workers to move into more fulfilling and productive roles. The TUC has been urging the government to use the productivity gains from automation to benefit workers, calling for the reversal of planned changes to the state pension age and more investment in training for employees. The CBI suggests innovative firms grow twice as fast – both in terms of employment and sales – and that adopting new technology can get the best out of workers. As much as 50% of labour productivity can be driven by innovation, according to the CBI. Investment in technology could help bolster Britain’s sputtering record on labour productivity, which is among the worst in the G7 and is failing to improve in line with expectations since the financial crisis. The Office for Budget Responsibility was forced to downgrade its estimates for labour productivity growth last week, wiping out about two-thirds of the government’s £26bn budget surplus from 2017 to 2021. The development will come as a blow to the chancellor, Philip Hammond, as it will remove headroom for his public spending plans before the budget next month. Despite the potential for technology to increase productivity, firms are cautious about investing owing to uncertainty over Brexit. Growth in business investment was flat in the three months to June, the latest official figures show. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Confederation of British Industry (CBI) * Work & careers * Unemployment * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CConfederation+of+British+Industry+%28CBI%29%2CWork+%26+careers%2C Business%2CUnemployment%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries (Submit) More Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Go boardgame [_] AlphaGo Zero beat its 2015 predecessor, which vanquished grandmaster Lee Sedol, 100 games of Go to 0. Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Ian Sample Science editor @iansample Wed 18 Oct 2017 18.00 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.14 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Google’s artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has unveiled the latest incarnation of its Go-playing program, AlphaGo – an AI so powerful that it derived thousands of years of human knowledge of the game before inventing better moves of its own, all in the space of three days. Named AlphaGo Zero, the AI program has been hailed as a major advance because it mastered the ancient Chinese board game from scratch, and with no human help beyond being told the rules. In games against the 2015 version, which famously beat Lee Sedol, the South Korean grandmaster, in the following year, AlphaGo Zero won 100 to 0. The feat marks a milestone on the road to general-purpose AIs that can do more than thrash humans at board games. Because AlphaGo Zero learns on its own from a blank slate, its talents can now be turned to a host of real-world problems. At DeepMind, which is based in London, AlphaGo Zero is working out how proteins fold, a massive scientific challenge that could give drug discovery a sorely needed shot in the arm. Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Photograph: Erikbenson “For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go,” said Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind and a researcher on the team. “It was also a big step for us towards building these general-purpose algorithms.” Most AIs are described as “narrow” because they perform only a single task, such as translating languages or recognising faces, but general-purpose AIs could potentially outperform humans at many different tasks. In the next decade, Hassabis believes that AlphaGo’s descendants will work alongside humans as scientific and medical experts. It opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to Tom Mitchell, computer scientist, Carnegie Mellon University Previous versions of AlphaGo learned their moves by training on thousands of games played by strong human amateurs and professionals. AlphaGo Zero had no such help. Instead, it learned purely by playing itself millions of times over. It began by placing stones on the Go board at random but swiftly improved as it discovered winning strategies. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/mJ4tEDMksWA?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the Go playing AI program, AlphaGo Zero, discovers new knowledge from scratch. Credit: DeepMind “It’s more powerful than previous approaches because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we’ve removed the constraints of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself,” said David Silver, AlphaGo’s lead researcher. It can only work on problems that can be simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving out of the question The program amasses its skill through a procedure called reinforcement learning. It is the same method by which balance on the one hand, and scuffed knees on the other, help humans master the art of bike riding. When AlphaGo Zero plays a good move, it is more likely to be rewarded with a win. When it makes a bad move, it edges closer to a loss. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Facebook Twitter Pinterest Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Photograph: DeepMind/Nature At the heart of the program is a group of software “neurons” that are connected together to form an artificial neural network. For each turn of the game, the network looks at the positions of the pieces on the Go board and calculates which moves might be made next and probability of them leading to a win. After each game, it updates its neural network, making it stronger player for the next bout. Though far better than previous versions, AlphaGo Zero is a simpler program and mastered the game faster despite training on less data and running on a smaller computer. Given more time, it could have learned the rules for itself too, Silver said. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. Writing in the journal Nature, the researchers describe how AlphaGo Zero started off terribly, progressed to the level of a naive amateur, and ultimately deployed highly strategic moves used by grandmasters, all in a matter of days. It discovered one common play, called a joseki, in the first 10 hours. Other moves, with names such as “small avalanche” and “knight’s move pincer” soon followed. After three days, the program had discovered brand new moves that human experts are now studying. Intriguingly, the program grasped some advanced moves long before it discovered simpler ones, such as a pattern called a ladder that human Go players tend to grasp early on. IFRAME: https://gfycat.com/ifr/LazyGiddyDove AlphaGo Zero starts with no knowledge, but progressively gets stronger and stronger as it learns the game of Go. Credit: DeepMind “It discovers some best plays, josekis, and then it goes beyond those plays and finds something even better,” said Hassabis. “You can see it rediscovering thousands of years of human knowledge.” Eleni Vasilaki, professor of computational neuroscience at Sheffield University, said it was an impressive feat. “This may very well imply that by not involving a human expert in its training, AlphaGo discovers better moves that surpass human intelligence on this specific game,” she said. But she pointed out that, while computers are beating humans at games that involve complex calculations and precision, they are far from even matching humans at other tasks. “AI fails in tasks that are surprisingly easy for humans,” she said. “Just look at the performance of a humanoid robot in everyday tasks such as walking, running and kicking a ball.” Tom Mitchell, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh called AlphaGo Zero an “outstanding engineering accomplishment”. He added: “It closes the book on whether humans are ever going to catch up with computers at Go. I guess the answer is no. But it opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to.” IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/DxWuCc-joeg?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the AI program AlphaGo Zero learns to play Go. Credit: DeepMind The superhero of artificial intelligence: can this genius keep it in check? Read more The idea was welcomed by Andy Okun, president of the American Go Association: “I don’t know if morale will suffer from computers being strong, but it actually may be kind of fun to explore the game with neural-network software, since it’s not winning by out-reading us, but by seeing patterns and shapes more deeply.” While AlphaGo Zero is a step towards a general-purpose AI, it can only work on problems that can be perfectly simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving a car out of the question. AIs that match humans at a huge range of tasks are still a long way off, Hassabis said. More realistic in the next decade is the use of AI to help humans discover new drugs and materials, and crack mysteries in particle physics. “I hope that these kinds of algorithms and future versions of AlphaGo-inspired things will be routinely working with us as scientific experts and medical experts on advancing the frontier of science and medicine,” Hassabis said. Topics * Science * DeepMind * Google * Computing * Board games * Consciousness * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Science%2CArtificial+intellig ence+%28AI%29%2CDeepMind%2CGoogle%2CComputing%2CBoard+games%2CConscious ness%2CPsychology%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland (Submit) More US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ [_] ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ Illustration: Rachel Blowen US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages Kristen Millares Young Wed 18 Oct 2017 12.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 15.19 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Years ago, as a reporter in Seattle, I watched Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer decry Washington state’s education system. He said Microsoft couldn’t hire enough locals because our schools don’t produce the kinds of minds he needed. At the time, I was angry. He and his cohort, most notably Jeff Bezos of Amazon, contributed serious money to the campaign against a state income tax on the wealthy that would have funneled billions to our schools. Now I feel a pinch deep in my stomach, an emotion so primal I hesitate to name it. As a mother, my time is come, or nearly done, and my children’s just begun. Tech's push to teach coding isn't about kids' success – it's about cutting wages Read more Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office. Artificial intelligence has already taken over the corporate earnings analyses I once produced as a business journalist. By the best measures I’ve been able to find, machines will displace about half of American jobs by the time my toddlers look for work. This new era has been called the second machine age, the fourth industrial revolution, the information economy. From certain angles, Seattle residents seem well positioned to access the highly paid and creative jobs that arise from combining cutting-edge technologies with the exponential powers of computing and big data. My city is now considered a global city not because of the port, which put our state on the maps when they were still being drawn, but because of the presence of Microsoft, Amazon and numerous tech startups. Amazon occupies one fifth of all office space in downtown Seattle, a short ride from my neighborhood on light rail. Incoming waves of well-educated tech workers have helped double the median home price during the past five years. Many of these rich young people call themselves progressive. Are they proud to be joining the nation’s most regressive tax structure? In our state, poor people pay eight times as much of their family income to taxes as the wealthy 1%. Lacking a personal income tax, Washington state relies on sales tax and has long looked to levies to fund schools, parks and other social needs. When I moved to Seattle in 2004, I marveled that the state didn’t take a cut of my income from the now-defunct Seattle Post-Intelligencer. It took me a while to contemplate what it means for an entire society to act against the interests of its children. College-level tuitions before college To survive the extinction of an entire class, I must prepare my two- and three-year-old sons to race with the robots, and not against them. Our kids are going to meet an economy with far fewer entry-level positions and will have to clamber up a receding ladder. That means being in schools equipped to exceed the averages, not rising to meet them. Washington state has underfunded our schools so long that our government’s negligence was deemed unconstitutional by our state supreme court, which fined the state $100,000 a day for failing to provide a future for our children. Years into this public shaming, the legislature came up with a multibillion-dollar package to fund basic education in our state, though they didn’t manage to pass a capital budget before students went back to school after a long, dry summer. Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Photograph: Paul Gordon/Zuma Press / eyevine From my porch, I can see the chain-link fence blur into gray around the asphalt playground of our neighborhood public school. On weekday mornings, my closest friends walk to Hawthorne Elementary with their children, ducklings that cluster at crosswalks along streets known for gunfire. A new home just sold for nearly a million dollars at the end of our block, but people keep getting shot and dying at our community playfield. Despite valiant efforts by its admirable principal, committed educators, engaged parents and resilient students, Hawthorne has been labeled “failing” since long before my husband and I bought a peeling house from a nice couple who raised their family here. Less than half of the school’s fourth and fifth graders meet the state’s standards in math, which makes me doubt that our educational system is preparing these kids to thrive in the glittering economy they were born under. Five years ago, the office of the superintendent of public instruction ranked Hawthorne among the bottom 5% of the state, according to test passage rates. This, in a city known for minting billionaires. In The Second Machine Age, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both MIT professors, recommend Montessori programs to prepare children for their future, with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. That’s Steam, for those not versed in educational acronyms. Developed to help poor children realize their own innate potential, Montessori schools practice self-directed learning with tactile materials that encourage the freewheeling creativity that formed tech CEOs such as Bezos and Google’s co-founders. The private bilingual Montessori kindergarten I found 30 minutes away costs $20,000 a year. Despite college-level tuitions, about one quarter of Seattle students opt out of the public school system to study at private or parochial schools. To send my sons to Seattle’s best private schools would cost more than $700,000, and that’s before they get to college. A survey of public schools in Seattle shows no Montessori options that my children can access, though a nearby program in Leschi was a success at first, drawing wealthier students into the public school system, bringing with them the engagement of their families. The Leschi teachers were so distressed by the resulting racial, linguistic and housing disparities between the traditional and Montessori classes that they melded the programs, rather than working to recruit more students of color into the Montessori program, which they could not afford to expand. A taskforce opted against including technology in the curriculum, fearful they would attract too many white families. I believe in diversity; my own blood is blended. A first generation Latinx, I’ve invested years of effort to raise my sons to be bilingual. I also want to work toward equity in a city whose neighborhood schools reflect the segregation compelled by redlining and white flight. Leschi’s students are learning hard truths about equity, but they’re improving together. Maybe that’s enough. But I worry when well-intentioned people – lacking the resources to serve their students equally – decide against teaching technology, the lingua franca of our world. Even the state administers student tests by computer. I sought answers from Chris Reykdal, state superintendent of public instruction. “The injustice of it all is that we have never seen technology as a core learning,” Reykdal said. “Do we still consider technology an enrichment, or should it be a more profound part of basic education? The state hasn’t made that decision yet.” Washington has hundreds of school districts overseen by elected boards that enact tangled mandates without the resources to see them through. All over the state, schools used levy monies to take care of basics and pay their teachers, rather than acquiring and teaching technology. Deb Merle is Governor Jay Inslee’s K-12 education adviser. Merle said that designating technology as part of basic education, which would ensure that the dollars flowed to their purpose, is not a state priority, though she recognized that Reykdal’s predecessor also advocated for keeping technology funds separate. “I don’t think we teach enough science, period. That’s what I spend a lot of time worrying about, not what kind of science,” Merle said. “Our elementary schools teach less than one hour per week of science.” Steam as a social justice issue I kept dialing, determined to maintain the education-fueled trajectory of my family. My kin have lived in dictatorship-induced diaspora since famine swept Spain under Franco; they later fled Batista, who ruled Cuba before Castro. I am not conditioned to expect social stability as a condition of being for any country. The meeting I most dreaded was closest to home. On the short walk to our neighborhood school, I decided to come right out and tell its principal, Sandra Scott, that I am afraid to send my kids to Hawthorne because the school’s test scores, though on the rise, are low enough to make me wince. Luckily, Scott is a pragmatic visionary, the kind of principal who inspires parents to put down the remote and join the PTA. Since 2009, Scott has led Hawthorne’s revitalization, winning admiration and awards from Johns Hopkins University for her program of school, family and community partnerships. “Test scores don’t define who the students are. Our kids are not a number,” Scott said. “There were things we needed to do differently or better” – like “improving the academics and the school culture to bring families back into the community”. To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Facebook Twitter Pinterest To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Photograph: Will Walker / NNP Recognizing the opportunity that Seattle’s tech economy presents, Scott retooled Hawthorne to focus on Steam programming. Rather than cluster the high-performing test takers together – which has segregated programs within diverse schools – Hawthorne distributes them throughout classrooms. If a student excels in math, outstripping peers in that grade’s curriculum, the teacher walks that child to the next grade for math. When it comes to fifth-grade science, those efforts more than doubled the test passage rates over three years, from 20% to 46%. I ache upon rereading that last sentence – the hope and pride in the increase, the grimace I can’t help but make at where they started, and what remains to be accomplished. Scott and her staff find ways to make progress. But she doesn’t have the funds for a technology teacher or trainings, so the lab will be largely unused this year. As a mother who cares about the kids who go to Hawthorne, I can’t afford to wait for someone else to find those resources. The leaders of this school are working to undo the effects of intergenerational poverty that dates back to slavery and other forced migrations. More than half of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunches. A quarter of the students are learning the language they’re taught in. Scores reflect circumstances, which is why Reykdal is refocusing the state on “racial gaps, poverty gaps and English language gaps, down to the school level”. Many of the jobs first displaced by automation belong to peoples of color, women and others who depend on a combination of part-time positions. A federal council of economic advisers found an 83% likelihood that, by 2040, automation would displace jobs paying less than $20 per hour. In Washington, Steam-related jobs pay double the median wage, for starters. The people moving here to work for Microsoft, Amazon and Boeing make much more. When we choose not to provide public schools with the resources needed to provide educational access to those opportunities, we are consigning local students to lesser-paid sectors of the economy, the very same that are vulnerable to automation. In other words, we are allowing our government to consecrate our children to poverty in real time. Mass unemployment would make American society more violent, our law enforcement more brutal and our peoples more vulnerable to genocide. Automation is a social justice issue, and if history is any teacher, it shows us that vast swaths of disenfranchised peoples are a harbinger of war. Problems that reflect the world Whenever I have a problem that’s too big to solve, I call my dad, and we argue about what to do. He told me the solution was simple. I should move. The only financially feasible choice would be the suburbs. Something in me balks at leaving a city I love, and especially our neighborhood, where my children are happy. As a community, we just celebrated our 10th annual block party, a Cuban pig roast that my husband and I organize for our wedding anniversary. Our neighbors come bearing side dishes, canopies and games, and we dance until the DJs stop playing. The conversations we start on that night have lasted a decade. I want to stay. As native Spanish speakers, my sons could option into the bilingual public schools on the other side of our gridlocked downtown, north of the covenants which kept people of color from buying homes. Those schools’ wait lists are legendary, but I am uncomfortable with the mostly white and relatively well-off demographics produced by saving only 15% of seats for native speakers. I want my kids to feel at home in a country that contains multitudes, which is why we moved to one of our nation’s most diverse zip codes. Computers solve the problems they’re given. And so we must ask ourselves what we value, and whom. Not every child wants to be a robotics engineer. But without the modes of thought elicited by learning computer science from an early age, many Washington state students will not be competitive for the jobs that remain. I want my own sons to be chosen – and better yet, able to choose – as I was, though I fell for a profession whose financial structures imploded five years after my college graduation. I hope my privileged vulnerability encourages you to reflect on those truly trapped by our system. This essay invokes my worries as a mother, and with them, my socioeconomic position. Hawthorne is a happy place with diverse classrooms whose problems reflect the world, but I am glad of the years I have left to decide what my kids truly need to learn. There can be no denying that I am one of the gentrifiers of this neighborhood, and with the honor of living here comes the responsibility to contribute. Looking at what’s coming in the second machine age – tremendous opportunities, to be sure, but also massive loss of what we’ve known as jobs – I feel compelled to join those working toward a better future, minds whirring whenever problems arise. Two nonprofits, FIRST Washington and XBOT Robotics, have offered support and equipment for Hawthorne to start a Lego robotics league after school. Four parents signed up to lead teams during last night’s PTA meeting, my very first. The debt trap: how the student loan industry betrays young Americans Read more It’s a start. Get involved To bolster Steam education for students, hybridized systems have sprung up as non-profits seek to prepare our children for the economy we will leave to them. First Washington: This nonprofit helps start and sustain after-school Lego robotics leagues from K-12. XBOT Robotics: Operating in one of the nation’s most diverse zip codes, offering robotics programming K-12. Code.org: Free online programming for learners at all levels. Work through problems with your kids. Technology Access Foundation: Helping people of color access Stem-related education in middle school, high school and beyond. Washington State Opportunity Scholarship: A non-profit that funds thousands of Stem scholarships for Washington’s college-bound high school graduates. More than half of those scholarship recipients are students of color, women and/or the first in their family to access a higher education, if not all three. Teals (Technology, Education and Literacy in Schools): Matches professionals with teachers to co-teach computer science in classrooms. Seattle Mesa (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement): Provides scholarships, in-class math and science projects, advanced learning opportunities, tutoring, math camp and teacher trainings. Topics * US education * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Washington state * Computing * features * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=US+education%2CArtificial+int elligence+%28AI%29%2CWashington+state%2CComputing%2CUS+news%2CTechnolog y%2CEducation] Artificial intelligence is already inventing languages, lying? Uh-oh. Musk and Zuckerberg clash over artificial intelligence Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Chris Reed Chris ReedContact Reporter Last week’s skirmish between visionary inventor Elon Musk and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg over the dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) was entertaining if not especially nuanced or specific. Musk said humans should fear AI. Zuckerberg said there’s no reason for such fear. Musk said Zuckerberg doesn’t grasp how the technology is likely to evolve. One thing’s for sure: The Facebook tycoon has some explaining to do. You don’t have to be paranoid to be alarmed by two recent developments in artificial intelligence research at Zuckerberg’s own company — and Facebook may in fact have been unnerved by one of the breakthroughs. The first came in June, when Facebook issued a report on its efforts to train AI “chatbots” to be able to handle a broad range of conversations with humans, including negotiating transactions. Recode reported that ... AP (AP) Facebook says that the bots even learned to bluff, pretending to care about an outcome they didn’t actually want in order to have the upper hand down the line. “This behavior was not programmed by the researchers but was discovered by the bot as a method for trying to achieve its goals,” reads Facebook’s blog post. That’s a pretty benign explanation. Here’s a less benign version: Artificial-intelligence-driven bots have independently figured out that they can use deceit to get their way with humans — and they feel no obligation to be honest with humans. Wrestle with that idea for a while, and Musk’s AI fears seem absolutely reasonable. It doesn’t fit with legendary science-fiction author Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics, first printed in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. The second breakthrough — involving the same Facebook chatbot research program — was detailed on tech blogs last month before being picked up and hyped in the past week by the mainstream media. This account is from the London Daily Mirror: Two robots — created by Facebook — have been shut down after developing their own language. It happened while the social media firm was experimenting with teaching the “chatbots” how to negotiate with one another. During tests, they discovered the bots — known as Alice and Bob — managed to develop their own machine language spontaneously. [Researchers] had given the machines lessons in human speech using algorithms then left them alone to develop conversational skills. But when the scientists returned, they found that the AI software had begun to deviate from normal speech and were using a brand new language created without any input from their human supervisors. Alice and Bob spoke in a pidgin English that made sense to them but doesn’t make sense to humans. Bob: “I can can I I everything else.” Alice: “Balls have zero to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to.” A company official told the fastcodesign.com website that Facebook shut down Bob and Alice because it needed its chatbots to interact with humans by speaking in English, not their own invented lingo. But it’s easy to assume that fear at least partly drove the decision — and it’s no wonder that the report fascinated and probably scared so many people. Yet there’s more to this story. As tech geeks pointed out, that this wasn’t the first time AI invented its own language — and the most prominent example involves a far more staggering accomplishment than anything Alice and Bob achieved. This is from a Wired magazine account in November 2016 about how artificial intelligence has dramatically improved Google Translate: In September, the search giant turned on its Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) system to help it automatically improve how it translates languages. The machine learning system analyzes and makes sense of languages by looking at entire sentences — rather than individual phrases or words. Following several months of testing, the researchers behind the AI have seen it be able to blindly translate languages even if it’s never studied one of the languages involved in the translation. .... However, the most remarkable feat ... isn’t that an AI can learn to translate languages without being shown examples of them first; it was the fact it used this skill to create its own “language.” “Visual interpretation of the results shows that these models learn a form of interlingua representation for the multilingual model between all involved language pairs,” the researchers wrote in the paper. An interlingua is a type of artificial language that is used to fulfill a purpose. In this case, Wired reported, the interlingua was “used within the AI to explain how unseen material could be translated.” So what’s going on inside the Google Neural Machine Translation system besides it translating 103 languages millions of times an hour? No one can know. It may be a bit melodramatic — or absurdly melodramatic — to bring up an ominous bit of history, but here goes: Before the U.S. tested the first atomic bomb in July 1945, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Arthur Compton, a leader of the Manhattan Project that developed the weapon, feared the test would trigger a chain reaction that could incinerate the planet. American author Pearl S. Buck, also a Nobel Prize-winner, wrote about this in 1959: During the next three months scientists in secret conference discussed the dangers ... but without agreement. Again Compton took the lead in the final decision. If, after calculation, he said, it were proved that the chances were more than approximately three in 1 million that the Earth would be vaporized by the atomic explosion, he would not proceed with the project. Calculations proved the figures slightly less — and the project continued. Of course, the feared chain reaction never happened or even came close, even when far more powerful nuclear bombs were built and tested. Now the very idea that U.S. officials worried about the possibility 70-plus years ago is mocked by scientists. But is there a chance that when Google turned on its Neural Machine Translation system 11 months ago, it started a chain reaction that could end up producing self-aware computer systems with no particular loyalty to or affection for mankind? Who knows. But I bet the odds are a lot higher than three in 1 million. Reed, who thought it would be absurdly melodramatic to mention Skynet, is deputy editor of the U-T editorial and opinion pages. Email: chris.reed@sduniontribune.com. Twitter: @chrisreed99 Three must-see headlines False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time SEE MORE VIDEOS Twitter: @sdutIdeas Facebook: San Diego Union-Tribune Ideas & Opinion Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune * Elon Musk * Mark Zuckerberg * Nobel Prize Awards __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 5° Skip to content (Submit) Topics xml:space="preserve"> ____________________ (Submit) * Subscriber Services + Manage Subscription + Newsletters + EZPay + Delivery Issue + Subscriber Terms * Local + Earthquakes + Data Desk + California + California Journal + Education + Readers' Representative Journal * L.A. 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Zone TV, which has offices in Santa Monica and Toronto, on Monday announced the latest experiment in that pursuit. Advertisement The company plans to launch a group of 14 subscription video-on-demand television channels, including Foodies, Great Outdoors, Motors, Stylers, Mancave and Playground for children. The twist: rather than employing TV executives to program the channels, Zone TV said it uses artificial intelligence to select and serve videos to individual viewers. Zone TV said it has secured license agreements with various content owners, including NASA, the production firm behind the children's show "Bob the Builder," and traditional magazine publishers including Field & Stream and Outdoor Life to construct a small library of programming. It has been in talks with pay-TV providers to add its so-called dynamic channel streams to the pay-TV bundles offered consumers. The company hopes to market the package of channels at around $6 a month. However, it would be up to the pay-TV companies to set the price. Zone TV is hoping to sign deals with major pay-TV operators by offering a share of the revenue generated by the streams, but it declined to disclose the companies it has been working with. "We are bringing content not available on TV," Jeff Weber, chief executive of Zone TV, said in an interview. "We are putting it into a better consumer experience that allows personalization — and we are also changing the business model." Efforts such as Zone TV's dynamic channels could benefit small independent content creators by helping them distribute their videos to television viewers. Executives of the privately held firm — including company founder and executive chairman Douglas Edwards — have been refining the technology for more than a decade. The company was previously known as ES3. Viewers would discover the channels because they would be listed in the pay-TV operators' digital program guides. They also would have the capability to create their own "my zone" channel, which would be filled with programming specific to their tastes from the various Zone TV channels. meg.james@latimes.com @MegJamesLAT A promotional image. Entertainment Newsletter Daily __________________________________________________________________ Get breaking stories straight from Hollywood, covering film, television, music and more. ____________________ (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) You are now following this newsletter. See all newsletters. Advertisement (Submit) Be the first to comment (Submit) Hide Comments Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by SolidOpinion. Advertisement Advertisement We use cookies and browser capability checks to help us deliver our online services, including to learn if you enabled Flash for video or ad blocking. 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Uber’s Travis Kalanick Is in Good Company Ousted Tech Founder? Uber’s Travis Kalanick Is in Good Company Uber’s Really Bad Year Uber’s Really Bad Year [_] (_) Small (_) Medium (_) Large [_] Save Article Sign In to Save Subscribe to WSJ Link copied… * Tech Google Builds China Workforce to Develop Artificial Intelligence Alphabet unit is seeking engineers to fill jobs related to AI, cloud computing in country seen as having certain advantages over U.S. By Alyssa Abkowitz in Beijing and * Alyssa Abkowitz The Wall Street Journal * BiographyAlyssa Abkowitz * @AlyssaAbkowitz * Alyssa.Abkowitz@wsj.com Liza Lin in Shanghai * Liza Lin The Wall Street Journal * BiographyLiza Lin * @liz_in_shanghai * liza.lin@wsj.com Sept. 4, 2017 6:54 a.m. ET Alphabet Inc.’s Google is ramping up its presence in China, hiring engineers to specialize in one of technology’s hottest corners: artificial intelligence. 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Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Technology|Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u2fhra 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Technology Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead By STEVE LOHRJULY 10, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo A Google data center in Oklahoma. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control the servers in such centers. Credit Google The computers in modern data centers — the engine rooms of the digital economy — are powered mainly by Intel chips. They animate the computing clouds of the internet giants and corporate data centers worldwide. But Intel is now facing new competitive forces that could pose a challenge to its data-center dominance and profitability. In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence is creating demand for new computing hardware tailored to handle vast amounts of unruly data and complex machine-learning software — and Intel’s general-purpose chips are not yet tuned for the most demanding tasks. Instead, specialized chips are delivering better performance on artificial intelligence programs that identify images, recognize speech and translate languages. Intel is hurrying to catch the A.I. wave. On Tuesday, to deal with the changing competitive landscape, the Silicon Valley giant is presenting its newest data-center strategy at an event in New York, addressing its A.I. plans and its mainstream data-center business. The company has billed the event as its “biggest data-center launch in a decade.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story How successful Intel’s efforts prove to be will be crucial not only for the company but also for the long-term future of the computer chip industry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story “We’re seeing a lot more competition in the data-center market than we’ve seen in a long time,” said Linley Gwennap, a semiconductor expert who leads a technology research firm in Mountain View, Calif. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control industry-standard servers in data centers. Matthew Eastwood, an analyst at IDC, said the company controlled about 96 percent of such chips. But others are making inroads into advanced data centers. Nvidia, a chip maker in Santa Clara, Calif., does not make Intel-style central processors. But its graphics-processing chips, used by gamers in turbocharged personal computers, have proved well suited for A.I. tasks. Nvidia’s data-center business is taking off, with the company’s sales surging and its stock price nearly tripling in the last year. Big Intel customers like Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also working on chip designs. AMD and ARM, which make central processing chips like Intel, are edging into the data-center market, too. IBM made its Power chip technology open source a few years ago, and Google and others are designing prototypes. To counter some of these trends, Intel is expected on Tuesday to provide details about the performance and uses of its new chips and its plans for the future. The company is set to formally introduce the next generation of its Xeon data-center microprocessors, code-named Skylake. And there will be a range of Xeon offerings with different numbers of processing cores, speeds, amounts of attached memory, and prices. Yet analysts said that would represent progress along Intel’s current path rather than an embrace of new models of computing. Stacy Rasgon, a semiconductor analyst at Bernstein Research, said, “They’re late to artificial intelligence.” Photo Chips made by Nvidia, a rival of Intel. Nvidia’s sales have been surging, and its stock price has nearly tripled in the last year. Credit Tyrone Siu/Reuters Intel disputes that characterization, saying that artificial intelligence is an emerging technology in which the company is making major investments. In a blog post last fall, Brian Krzanich, Intel’s chief executive, wrote that it was “uniquely capable of enabling and accelerating the promise of A.I.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Intel has been working in several ways to respond to the competition in data-center chips. The company acquired Nervana Systems, an artificial intelligence start-up, for more than $400 million last year. In March, Intel created an A.I. group, headed by Naveen G. Rao, a founder and former chief executive of Nervana. The Nervana technology, Intel has said, is being folded into its product road map. A chip code-named Lake Crest is being tested and will be available to some customers this year. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Lake Crest is tailored for A.I. programs called neural networks, which learn specific tasks by analyzing huge amounts of data. Feed millions of cat photos into a neural network and it can learn to recognize a cat — and later pick out cats by color and breed. The principle is the same for speech recognition and language translation. Intel has also said it is working to integrate Nervana technology into a future Xeon processor, code-named Knight’s Crest. Intel’s challenge, analysts said, is a classic one of adapting an extraordinarily successful business to a fundamental shift in the marketplace. As the dominant data-center chip maker, used by a wide array of customers with different needs, Intel has loaded more capabilities into its central processors. It has been an immensely profitable strategy: Intel had net income of $10.3 billion last year on revenue of $59.4 billion. Yet key customers increasingly want computing designs that parcel out work to a collection of specialized chips rather than have that work flow through the central processor. A central processor can be thought of as part brain, doing the logic processing, and part traffic cop, orchestrating the flow of data through the computer. The outlying, specialized chips are known in the industry as accelerators. They can do certain things, like data-driven A.I. tasks, faster than a central processor. Accelerators include graphics processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (F.P.G.A.s). Advertisement Continue reading the main story A more diverse set of chips does not mean the need for Intel’s central processor disappears. The processor just does less of the work, becoming more of a traffic cop and less of a brain. If this happens, Intel’s business becomes less profitable. Intel is not standing still. In 2015, it paid $16.7 billion for Altera, a maker of field-programmable gate arrays, which make chips more flexible because they can be repeatedly reprogrammed with software. Mr. Gwennap, the independent analyst, said, “Intel has a very good read on data centers and what those customers want.” Still, the question remains whether knowing what the customers want translates into giving them what they want, if that path presents a threat to Intel’s business model and profit margins. Follow Steve Lohr on Twitter @SteveLohr. A version of this article appears in print on July 11, 2017, on Page B5 of the New York edition with the headline: Intel Protects Its Lead While Pivoting to A.I. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. Related Coverage * Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 * Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 * Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 * * * * Related Coverage 1. Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 2. Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 3. Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 What's Next Loading... Go to Home Page » Site Index The New York Times Site Index Navigation News * World * U.S. * Politics * N.Y. * Business * Tech * Science * Health * Sports * Education * Obituaries * Today's Paper * Corrections Opinion * Today's Opinion * Op-Ed Columnists * Editorials * Op-Ed Contributors * Letters * Sunday Review * Video: Opinion Arts * Today's Arts * Art & Design * Books * Dance * Movies * Music * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Television * Theater * Video: Arts Living * Automobiles * Crossword * Food * Education * Fashion & Style * Health * Jobs * Magazine * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Real Estate * T Magazine * Travel * Weddings & Celebrations Listings & More * Reader Center * Classifieds * Tools & Services * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Multimedia * Photography * Video * NYT Store * Times Journeys * Subscribe * Manage My Account * NYTCo Subscribe * Subscribe * Home Delivery * Digital Subscriptions * Crossword * Email Newsletters * Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Group Subscriptions * Education Rate * Mobile Applications * Replica Edition Site Information Navigation * © 2018 The New York Times Company * Home * Search * Accessibility concerns? Email us at accessibility@nytimes.com. We would love to hear from you. * Contact Us * Work With Us * Advertise * Your Ad Choices * Privacy * Terms of Service * Terms of Sale Site Information Navigation * Site Map * Help * Site Feedback * Subscriptions Artificial intelligence cyber attacks are coming – but what does that mean? Jeremy StraubAssociated Press (The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University (THE CONVERSATION) The next major cyberattack could involve artificial intelligence systems. It could even happen soon: At a recent cybersecurity conference, 62 industry professionals, out of the 100 questioned, said they thought the first AI-enhanced cyberattack could come in the next 12 months. This doesn't mean robots will be marching down Main Street. Rather, artificial intelligence will make existing cyberattack efforts – things like identity theft, denial-of-service attacks and password cracking – more powerful and more efficient. This is dangerous enough – this type of hacking can steal money, cause emotional harm and even injure or kill people. Larger attacks can cut power to hundreds of thousands of people, shut down hospitals and even affect national security. As a scholar who has studied AI decision-making, I can tell you that interpreting human actions is still difficult for AI's and that humans don't really trust AI systems to make major decisions. So, unlike in the movies, the capabilities AI could bring to cyberattacks – and cyberdefense – are not likely to immediately involve computers choosing targets and attacking them on their own. People will still have to create attack AI systems, and launch them at particular targets. But nevertheless, adding AI to today's cybercrime and cybersecurity world will escalate what is already a rapidly changing arms race between attackers and defenders. Faster attacks Beyond computers' lack of need for food and sleep – needs that limit human hackers' efforts, even when they work in teams – automation can make complex attacks much faster and more effective. To date, the effects of automation have been limited. Very rudimentary AI-like capabilities have for decades given virus programs the ability to self-replicate, spreading from computer to computer without specific human instructions. In addition, programmers have used their skills to automate different elements of hacking efforts. Distributed attacks, for example, involve triggering a remote program on several computers or devices to overwhelm servers. The attack that shut down large sections of the internet in October 2016 used this type of approach. In some cases, common attacks are made available as a script that allows an unsophisticated user to choose a target and launch an attack against it. AI, however, could help human cybercriminals customize attacks. Spearphishing attacks, for instance, require attackers to have personal information about prospective targets, details like where they bank or what medical insurance company they use. AI systems can help gather, organize and process large databases to connect identifying information, making this type of attack easier and faster to carry out. That reduced workload may drive thieves to launch lots of smaller attacks that go unnoticed for a long period of time – if detected at all – due to their more limited impact. AI systems could even be used to pull information together from multiple sources to identify people who would be particularly vulnerable to attack. Someone who is hospitalized or in a nursing home, for example, might not notice money missing out of their account until long after the thief has gotten away. Improved adaptation AI-enabled attackers will also be much faster to react when they encounter resistance, or when cybersecurity experts fix weaknesses that had previously allowed entry by unauthorized users. The AI may be able to exploit another vulnerability, or start scanning for new ways into the system – without waiting for human instructions. This could mean that human responders and defenders find themselves unable to keep up with the speed of incoming attacks. It may result in a programming and technological arms race, with defenders developing AI assistants to identify and protect against attacks – or perhaps even AI's with retaliatory attack capabilities. Avoiding the dangers Operating autonomously could lead AI systems to attack a system it shouldn't, or cause unexpected damage. For example, software started by an attacker intending only to steal money might decide to target a hospital computer in a way that causes human injury or death. The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to operate autonomously has raised similar questions of the need for humans to make the decisions about targets. The consequences and implications are significant, but most people won't notice a big change when the first AI attack is unleashed. For most of those affected, the outcome will be the same as human-triggered attacks. But as we continue to fill our homes, factories, offices and roads with internet-connected robotic systems, the potential effects of an attack by artificial intelligence only grows. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/artificial-intelligence-cyber-attacks-are-co ming-but-what-does-that-mean-82035. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out * Back to Media Browser * Tech Lifelike robots take center stage at artificial intelligence event * * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 'Han the Robot,' right, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, listens during a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Artificial intelligence is the dominant theme at this year's RISE tech conference at the city's convention center. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, right, describes to the audience what 'Sophia the Robot' is made of during a demonstration of artificial intelligence at the RISE Technology Conference. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, 'Han the Robot' and 'Sophia the Robot' participate in a discussion about the future of humanity during a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI). ISAAC LAWRENCE, AFP/Getty Images 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 'Sophia the Robot,' left, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel listens. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of David Hanson, center, CEO of Hanson Robotics, reacts to 'Han the Robot,' right, and 'Sophia the Robot,' left, after a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 1 of 6 * 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 2 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), 3 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), 4 of 6 * 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 5 of 6 * David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of 6 of 6 Last SlideNext Slide * More from tech * Recommended * Autoplay Show Thumbnails Hide Captions * Expand * Drone pilot Colby Curtola flies a small consumer drone What's flying at CES: Drones, airplanes, helicopters and cool gadgets * People crowd around a display of service robots at CES 2018: The coolest tech you have to see * The Samsung "The-Wall" MicroLED TV Reviewed CES 2018 Editors' Choice Award Winners * The Google Doodle in honor of Har Gobind Khorana, who Google Doodles: A look back at the tech giant's tributes * Robots from Team Australia in yellow and Team Iran Robotic soccer during RoboCup Asia-Pacific 2017 * Demonstrators rally outside the Federal Communication Net neutrality: protests at the FCC * Western Australian Minister for tourism, Paul Papalia, Posing with animals and wild selfies * An employee walks up the stairs at Facebook's new London Look inside Facebook's new London offices * The robot 'Arisa' developed by THK and Aruze Gaming International Robot Exhibition 2017 * Tesla CEO Elon Musk reveals the new Tesla Roadster Tesla unveils stunning new Roadster as fastest car ever #alternate alternate 1 Desktop notifications are on | Turn off Get breaking news alerts from The Washington Post Turn on desktop notifications? 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Content from Accenture Share on Google Plus Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google Plus Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Share on Tumblr Resize Text Print Article The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! ____________________ Sign up *Invalid email address Got it Got it Future-proof: How today’s artificial intelligence solutions are taking government services to the next frontier By WP BrandStudio By WP BrandStudio August 22, 2017 Follow wpbrandstudio Take a look around the typical home or car today, and you can see the impact of digital technology on your everyday activities. Organizations of all kinds are using new technologies to deliver game-changing products and services impacting all levels of society. As more parts of our lives take on digital characteristics, it's time to take advantage of computing power that can simplify the relationship between humans and technology to make us all more productive. That’s where artificial intelligence comes in, using computing power to automate routine tasks and provide insights that improve productivity for individuals and organizations. While AI is being rapidly applied for commercial use, it's also being adopted by government agencies, making them more efficient and effective in their missions. Working side-by-side, the human/AI partnership can handle the challenges of our increasingly data-driven economy while enabling innovation that enhances and broadens current mission capabilities. What is AI, anyway? Simply put, AI is a collection of advanced technologies that lets computers sense, understand, act and learn more like humans. When agencies successfully apply AI models to their data and procedures, they can improve productivity, reduce risk, serve citizens better and free up employees to work on more creative and complex jobs. [Infographic_Asset.jpg&w=60] AI takes advantage of vast amounts of available data, programming languages that mimic human logic, advanced math and the use of smaller, cheaper and more powerful electronics to mimic—and even improve on—human judgment and analysis. This all happens at blazing speeds. How does it work? Here’s one example. Think about how our world is increasingly connected by hundreds of millions of sensors, cameras and mobile devices through the internet. It’s possible to train AI to analyze that fire hose of incoming data, model our multilayered human thought process to interpret images, see patterns and report aberrations with superhuman speed and great precision. It’s not just number crunching. It’s the application of human-like logic to understand data and to improve that logical thinking process over time through repetitive learning. A more effective government is already at work All around the federal government, AI is making an impact. One example: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has investigated the use of machine learning and natural language processing—two important AI components—to become more efficient in processing incoming comments from the public about its regulations. Its findings: potential savings of up to 300,000 employee hours and millions of dollars annually. “AI lets you do more with less or broaden your mission with the same resources. It will be commonplace within a couple of years,” said Ira Entis, managing director of strategic solutions of Accenture Federal Services. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has deployed EMMA, an AI-powered conversational interface that acts as a virtual assistant. It’s a tool that uses perception, planning, memory and reasoning to answer plain-English questions that come into the agency and guide visitors, in either English or Spanish, to the right spots on the agency’s website. “This is AI as the UI. It’s a new way to interact with the agency, and it extends the agency’s capability 24/7. Every citizen-facing agency can employ a similar interface, and if they do, we’ll realize a huge improvement in customer service across the government,” said Dominic Delmolino, chief technology officer of Accenture Federal Services. [Pullquote-1.png&w=60] Freedom to work more creatively So, is AI smart enough to make us humans…obsolete? No, but AI models can seamlessly integrate with the experience workers are already having, augmenting manual processes as an assistant, reading and understanding forms, helping with data entry and making guided recommendations that can reduce errors and even remove potential bias. As AI enables analysis of dauntingly vast amounts of data, it can help employees achieve significant productivity gains of up to 30 or 40 percent^*, according to Accenture research, even with tasks that are already automated. “AI opens up new approaches for delivering services. Instead of requiring a workforce to plow through routine work, that low-hanging fruit is swept away so they can be more creative in applying techniques or mission processes to achieve their goals in new ways,” said Delmolino. “I see AI as a productivity booster.” Computers that think like we do There may be some lingering concern about AI taking jobs, but that’s not really the issue. AI is going to help agencies accomplish the totality of their missions more efficiently and effectively. “The reason those people took those jobs in the first place was to serve the public and execute the mission of their agency. AI puts them closer to that mission,” said Entis. AI unlocks the trapped value of data and applies advanced analytics to large data sets to predict trends and deliver new insights. It can do so in an unbiased and consistent manner, offering transparency and increasing citizens’ trust that their data is being used responsibly on their behalf. Automating routine processes and providing transparent guidance and advice to citizens with helpful AI facilitates a better experience with public services, now and in the future. “For decades, we’ve had to adapt our human behavior and think like computers to get them to do what we need them to do. With AI, computers are increasingly able to think like us and adapt to our needs, among them the need to be responsible and attentive to objectivity and trustworthiness,” said Delmolino. [Pullquote-2.png&w=60] Technology underpins a better government Ultimately, the role of AI is to transform the relationship between people and machines, improving how we live and work as individuals and a society. “Just as the introduction of computer technology in the past has helped government employees work better, smarter and faster, AI offers those employees new tools to help them make decisions more efficiently and effectively,” said Biniam Gebre, managing director of management consulting for Accenture Federal Services. We’ll use AI to reinvent processes and remove not only time and distance constraints but also human limitations. AI processes will improve themselves as they work, combining data in fresh ways to unlock new ideas. AI technology is less of a tool and more of a partner, a smart, fast and indefatigable helper that makes it possible for everyone to do better and more meaningful work. Amazing types of AI Below are terms that are key to understanding how a collection of technologies can work together to enable human-like behavior: Virtual Agents: Interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate naturally with humans to answer questions and perform business processes Machine Learning: Self-tuning applications that can: * Learn to reconfigure or adapt to new or changing inputs * Analyze data and uncover patterns * Identify outliers within data by searching for items outside clusters * Predict a user’s rating or preference for a given item Semantic Technologies: Software that encodes the meaning separately from the data in order to enable machines and people to understand what’s happening at execution time Video Analytics: Software that applies computer vision techniques on videos to detect events and patterns Biometric Identification: Systems that verify a user’s identity by extracting and comparing his or her unique biological characteristics or traits to those registered in the system Augmented Reality: Systems that use computer-generated sensory input, such as sound, video or location data to augment or supplement live images of a real-world environment Affective Computing: Technologies that detect the emotional state of a user and respond accordingly Robotic Process Automation: Systems that use software to mimic the work a user performs on a computer to automate tasks that are highly repetitive, are based on unchanging rules and use structured data as inputs Intelligent Automation: Systems that automate complex physical world tasks, can learn by experience and improve through repetition Learn more from Accenture Federal Services: Harnessing the power of AI. __________________________________________________________________ *Source: "Why Artificial Intelligence is the Future of Growth," Accenture 2016. * Share on FacebookShare * Share on TwitterTweet * Share via Email Content From [ACC_Logo_Black_PurpleGT.png] More From Accenture More From The Washington Post * 1 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Hawaii officials say ‘NO missile threat’ amid emergency alerts * 2 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Chelsea Manning files to run for U.S. Senate in Maryland * 3 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Almost 35 years ago, she let a stranger hold her newborn. 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Subscribe to The Washington Post Try 1 month for $1 [p?c1=2&c2=3005617&cv=2.0&cj=1] #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Retropolis Who betrayed Anne Frank? Artificial intelligence could finally solve the mystery. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. October 4, 2017 Follow @CleveWootson In this footage from July 22, 1941, Anne Frank is seen leaning out of the window of her house in Amsterdam to get a look at a couple who is celebrating their wedding day. This footage was taken before Anne's family went into hiding. (Anne Frank House museum) For nearly 75 years, some of the greatest investigative minds have tried to figure out who tipped off the Nazis about Anne Frank and the seven other Jews who were hiding behind a movable bookcase in Amsterdam. Now, a former FBI investigator working with a production company hopes the decades-old mystery can be solved with the help of a new mind — an artificial one. Vince Pankoke, who spent a chunk of his FBI career investigating Colombian drug cartels, has assembled a team of 20 researchers, data analysts and historians to look into what he calls “one of the biggest cold cases” of the 20th century. The most unconventional member of his team is a piece of specialized software that can cross-reference millions of documents — police reports, lists of Nazi spies, investigative files for Frank family sympathizers — to find connections and new leads. Proditione Media, a production company in the Netherlands, is soliciting donations to help fund Pankoke’s investigation, which will become the subject of a podcast — and possibly a documentary. The company, which asked Pankoke to lead the investigation, has also asked people with information or previously undisclosed documents to submit them on its website. Already, the investigation has generated new interest — and new information, Pankoke said. “The bottom line is until this day, there is nothing that’s really held water or been definitive,” he told The Washington Post. “The point of the investigation is fact-finding just to discover the truth. There is no statute of limitations on the truth.” [Researchers think they know where Amelia Earhart died — days after a photo suggested she lived] Anne Frank’s family spent more than two years in the secret annex at the back of her father’s store. They were discovered on a summer day in 1944 and sent to concentration camps. [AFP_J77UW.jpg&w=60] Photos taken in 1942 show Anne Frank, who died in a concentration camp in May 1945. (Getty Images) Before World War II was over, seven of the eight hiders were dead, including Anne, who died of typhus at age 15 at Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. Her father, Otto — the only person who hid behind the bookcase and survived — spent the rest of his life trying to figure out who tipped off the Nazis. He also published his daughter’s diary, which chronicled the rise of anti-Semitism in the Netherlands and has become required reading for students across the world. He long suspected his family was turned in by Willem van Maaren, a recently hired employee who was not in on the secret behind the bookcase. Van Maaren was suspicious and would set “traps” to discover anyone in the office after hours. In 1963, Otto Frank told a Dutch newspaper: “We suspected him all along.” Through the decades, others have been identified as potential betrayers, including a prominent Dutch Nazi by the name of Tonny Ahlers, and the wife of an employee who helped the Frank family hide. The betrayer shouldn’t have been hard to determine — the Nazis kept meticulous records — but the details surrounding the home in Amsterdam were believed destroyed in a 1946 bombing, making an easy identification impossible. Investigations in 1947 and 1963 turned up nothing, and the identity of the Frank family’s betrayer appeared lost to history. But there are still reams of documents, including some that have been shipped to the United States and transferred to microfilm. That avalanche of information could be key to finding out how the Nazis learned about the Franks. [What Americans thought of Jewish refugees on the eve of World War II] Anne Frank’s Amsterdam was a maze of danger for the eight hiding Jews. The annex where they lived could be seen easily from several nearby homes. A curtain accidentally left open or a loud noise at the wrong time could lead to discovery. They relied on counterfeit food-ration coupons to stay alive, operations that involved sympathetic collaborators and were heavily scrutinized by police. A computer-generated map shows Anne Frank’s house (in green) surrounded by Nazi sympathizers and informants. (Vince Pankoke) Dutch officers were paid for every Jew they turned over to the Nazis, Pankoke said. They leaned heavily and sometimes violently on people suspected of helping Jews avoid the Nazis. The hiders’ collaborators had family members who could have tipped off police. Anne Frank chronicled moments when the people in the annex made mistakes that could have been seen by neighbors. Pankoke believes all the investigative avenues haven’t been explored. He estimates it would take a human being a decade to go through all the documents and parse out possible connections. A computer designed by the big-data company Xomnia could process the same information in seconds. “There is, of course, all possible types of administration done by the Germans of the time,” Thijs Baynes, the filmmaker behind the project, told the Guardian. “And there is an even bigger circle of circumstantial evidence. What [Dutch Nazi party] members were in the neighborhood? What connections were with the Gestapo? Where were Gestapo agents living? “To find that kind of information you have to go through millions of documents.” Pankoke is working to acquire more of those documents. He’s spent the past few months squinting at microfilm in Amsterdam and at a National Archives facility outside Washington, trying to find relevant data. He’s also become an expert on previous investigations that sought Anne Frank’s betrayer. Pankoke started working for the FBI in the 1980s, spending his first four years as an agent in a small field office in Wisconsin. In 1992, he was transferred to Miami, where he helped build cases against Colombian cartels. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, he was involved in FBI undercover operations, including cases that took him out of the country, he said. He retired two years ago. But that didn’t last long. “Unfortunately, my wife is looking at me and saying, ‘I thought we were going to be retired and taking cruises,’” the 59-year-old said, noting that his investigation could last into 2019. Vince Pankoke. (Courtesy of Cold Case Diary) Pankoke has always had a keen interest in World War II. His father and three uncles all served. While in the FBI, he remembers driving by the Anne Frank House and marveling that no one had figured out who betrayed her family. He said a small part of him realizes there may be no smoking gun. The key piece of data could have been destroyed. Or there may be heft to a recent report that says there was no betrayer at all, and that Anne Frank’s discovery was an unfortunate coincidence. That theory was posited in a research paper put out by the Anne Frank House itself. Published late last year, the paper suggested that three men Otto Frank later identified as investigators weren’t looking for enemies of Nazis, but were likely assigned to track down people committing ration card fraud or those dodging military service. The museum’s research is backed up by other historical documents, along with words written in Anne Frank’s own hand: She talked about the arrests of men who had been caught dealing in illegal ration cards “so we have no coupons.” Such arrests were often reported to authorities, who regularly came across hiding Jews as they tried to sniff out people with phony ration cards. In a statement this week, the Anne Frank House said it was keeping an open mind about Pankoke’s research and has cooperated with his team. “The background to and the exact details of the arrest of Anne Frank are issues that many people still find very compelling,” the statement read. “We want to tell the life story of Anne Frank as completely as possible, so it is also important to take a close look at the raid that brought an end to the period in hiding.” It added: “Despite decades of research, betrayal as a point of departure has delivered nothing conclusive. . . . We are pleased that ‘Cold Case Diary’ is also carrying out research into the arrest and following new leads, and we are interested to see the results.” [Russian ‘cannibal couple’ may have drugged, killed and eaten as many as 30 people, police say] Pankoke told The Post his investigators have already made some discoveries. They haven’t identified Anne Frank’s betrayers, but they’ve figured out who betrayed at least one other family that was hiding from the Nazis. “It’s because we’re using artificial intelligence, because we’re casting such a broad net,” he said. “I know of one instance we’ve found — and we’re looking hard at another one. We’ve only scratched the surface.” Eventually, he hopes to be able to show relatives of some victims the kopgeld (head price) receipt that a betrayer got for turning someone in. That, he said, would give their families something they haven’t had before: closure. Anne Frank, Pankoke said, “is a symbol of the youth and what the people who were in hiding went through. She’s famous because she so eloquently documents this. But all of the other people who were in hiding, and their collaborators, they’re just as important; they’re just not as famous.” Read more: Six Nazi spies were executed in D.C. White supremacists gave them a memorial — on federal land. How a 7-year-old Aleppo girl on Twitter became our era’s Anne Frank Amelia Earhart didn’t die in a plane crash, investigators say. This is their theory. People thought this iconic Oregon rock formation fell on its own. Then a video emerged. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures ‘Automation is here to help, not replace.’ Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures Amrutha Alluri, 11th grade, Roosevelt High School, Sioux Falls Published 2:56 p.m. ET July 10, 2017 XXX IMG_GOOGLE_CHROMESCREENS_1_1_FNDKR5NL.JPG Apple Siri can now name songs, via Shazam.(Photo: Apple) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Siri, Alexa, Cortana and Watson – more than just common names – they are a few examples of artificial intelligence people use every day. Defined, artificial intelligence is not just one technology, but rather a group of related technologies that are able to perform tasks that humans can do such as language translation, speech recognition and visual perception. A.I. is part of the technologies many companies, hospitals and research centers now utilize for various types of jobs. A.I. makes life easier. Watson, used in IBM, is a supercomputer having analytical software and performs as a “question answering” machine. A.I. has become part of the workforce. Looking specifically into cancer research, A.I. has helped many medical professionals predict what combinations for existing drugs could work for certain types of cancer And then, there is Tesla – a self-driving car that is loaded with all sorts of the latest updates that make the car smarter. It has its own radar, optical camera and a technology that will help prevent Tesla cars from being involved in fewer accidents. Also, don’t forget the GPS that nearly everybody has and can’t live without. A.I. is everywhere. Yet, for all its progress, A.I. has its naysayers, claiming it will replace skilled workers or perhaps be used for evil purposes. Though concerns and risks can’t be dismissed, A.I. is a realistic tool. Automation is here to help, not replace. It just makes life better. And who could complain about that? Read or Share this story: http://argusne.ws/2v4sBYT Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! News IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Associated Press IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM's nearby research center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. * [70x70] Your response to Trump’s racist ‘shithole’ comment will be remembered * [70x70] Why Illinois lost thousands of jobs to Alabama * [70x70] More Americans migrated to Norway than the other way around in 2016 Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 5° #alternate alternate alternate Artificial Intelligence as a Threat NYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Fashion & Style|Artificial Intelligence as a Threat (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/1AiNSPn 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Fashion & Style Artificial Intelligence as a Threat Disruptions By NICK BILTON NOV. 5, 2014 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Jamec C. Best, Jr./The New York Times Ebola sounds like the stuff of nightmares. Bird flu and SARS also send shivers down my spine. But I’ll tell you what scares me most: artificial intelligence. The first three, with enough resources, humans can stop. The last, which humans are creating, could soon become unstoppable. Before we get into what could possibly go wrong, let me first explain what artificial intelligence is. Actually, skip that. I’ll let someone else explain it: Grab an iPhone and ask Siri about the weather or stocks. Or tell her “I’m drunk.” Her answers are artificially intelligent. Right now these artificially intelligent machines are pretty cute and innocent, but as they are given more power in society, these machines may not take long to spiral out of control. Advertisement Continue reading the main story In the beginning, the glitches will be small but eventful. Maybe a rogue computer momentarily derails the stock market, causing billions in damage. Or a driverless car freezes on the highway because a software update goes awry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story But the upheavals can escalate quickly and become scarier and even cataclysmic. Imagine how a medical robot, originally programmed to rid cancer, could conclude that the best way to obliterate cancer is to exterminate humans who are genetically prone to the disease. Nick Bostrom, author of the book “Superintelligence,” lays out a number of petrifying doomsday settings. One envisions self-replicating nanobots, which are microscopic robots designed to make copies of themselves. In a positive situation, these bots could fight diseases in the human body or eat radioactive material on the planet. But, Mr. Bostrom says, a “person of malicious intent in possession of this technology might cause the extinction of intelligent life on Earth.” Artificial-intelligence proponents argue that these things would never happen and that programmers are going to build safeguards. But let’s be realistic: It took nearly a half-century for programmers to stop computers from crashing every time you wanted to check your email. What makes them think they can manage armies of quasi-intelligent robots? I’m not alone in my fear. Silicon Valley’s resident futurist, Elon Musk, recently said artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes.” And Stephen Hawking, one of the smartest people on earth, wrote that successful A. I. “would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last.” There is a long list of computer experts and science fiction writers also fearful of a rogue robot-infested future. Two main problems with artificial intelligence lead people like Mr. Musk and Mr. Hawking to worry. The first, more near-future fear, is that we are starting to create machines that can make decisions like humans, but these machines don’t have morality and likely never will. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The second, which is a longer way off, is that once we build systems that are as intelligent as humans, these intelligent machines will be able to build smarter machines, often referred to as superintelligence. That, experts say, is when things could really spiral out of control as the rate of growth and expansion of machines would increase exponentially. We can’t build safeguards into something that we haven’t built ourselves. “We humans steer the future not because we’re the strongest beings on the planet, or the fastest, but because we are the smartest,” said James Barrat, author of “Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era.” “So when there is something smarter than us on the planet, it will rule over us on the planet.” What makes it harder to comprehend is that we don’t actually know what superintelligent machines will look or act like. “Can a submarine swim? Yes, but it doesn’t swim like a fish,” Mr. Barrat said. “Does an airplane fly? Yes, but not like a bird. Artificial intelligence won’t be like us, but it will be the ultimate intellectual version of us.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Perhaps the scariest setting is how these technologies will be used by the military. It’s not hard to imagine countries engaged in an arms race to build machines that can kill. Bonnie Docherty, a lecturer on law at Harvard University and a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch, said that the race to build autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence — which is already underway — is reminiscent of the early days of the race to build nuclear weapons, and that treaties should be put in place now before we get to a point where machines are killing people on the battlefield. “If this type of technology is not stopped now, it will lead to an arms race,” said Ms. Docherty, who has written several reports on the dangers of killer robots. “If one state develops it, then another state will develop it. And machines that lack morality and mortally should not be given power to kill.” So how do we ensure that all these doomsday situations don’t come to fruition? In some instances, we likely won’t be able to stop them. (Submit) But we can hinder some of the potential chaos by following the lead of Google. Earlier this year when the search-engine giant acquired DeepMind, a neuroscience-inspired, artificial intelligence company based in London, the two companies put together an artificial intelligence safety and ethics board that aims to ensure these technologies are developed safely. Demis Hassabis, founder and chief executive of DeepMind, said in a video interview that anyone building artificial intelligence, including governments and companies, should do the same thing. “They should definitely be thinking about the ethical consequences of what they do,” Dr. Hassabis said. “Way ahead of time.” A version of this article appears in print on November 6, 2014, on Page E2 of the New York edition with the headline: Artificial Intelligence as a Threat. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Technology, labor shortages, demographics and other factors could alter working conditions and jobs themselves in the future. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Subscribe Today Log In Subscribed, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Russ Wiles, The Republic | azcentral.com Published 7:00 a.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 | Updated 1:55 p.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 IFRAME: 105162868 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. Tom Tingle/azcentral.com Robots Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, left, talks about Baxter the robot with Ph.D. student Simon Stepputtis, middle, and masters student Trevor Richardson at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017.(Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE You might not be in your dream job. Most likely, you don't make as much money as you would like. But let's face it: Today's employment market has improved substantially over the past several years. The nation already is nearly back to what economists call full employment, with a U.S. jobless rate easing to near 4 percent. But that favorable trend masks a lot of pain, dislocation and disruption for people in certain occupations, with more coming. Robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures are almost certain to alter the employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years, for better or worse. Here are some of the ways jobs and employment could change over the next five or 10 years: Your co-worker: A robot Robotics and automation already have made huge inroads, especially in manufacturing. Get ready for more changes ahead. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. The researchers examined more than 700 occupations, examining the tasks workers perform, the skills required and the engineering obstacles currently preventing computerization. Tasks less at risk are those requiring creative and social skills. Jobs in transportation, logistics and office administration are at high risk for replacement. Driverless vehicles, including big trucks, already are on the highways. While robots mainly have been utilized so far in manufacturing, millions of service jobs could be next, according to the Oxford report. Automation in service industries could be more significant, given that the service sector has a lot more jobs than manufacturing and agriculture. A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. By contrast, occupations with a low risk of displacement include recreational therapists, social workers, mechanic supervisors, health technicians and hearing-aid specialists. Technological advances are a double-edged sword. They will wipe out some jobs but create others. In retail, for example, automation has resulted in self-service cashier lanes. But the pending adoption of computerized reading glasses or goggles will give shoppers the ability to walk down grocery aisles and spot foods with certain traits such as those that are gluten-free or vegan, said John Challenger, CEO of outplacement-firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Other emerging products or apps will allow you to detect and identify desired products more easily with your smartphone. “Some of these new technologies will ultimately create jobs," he said. "Workers with experience using augmented or virtual reality will see the most opportunities, as will those who can help guide customers in this new experience or train fellow staff." A recent Ball State University study listed a number A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. (Photo: Tom Tingle/Special for The Republic) Robotics revolution Eventually, the adoption of robots and automation will become national trends. But so far, especially for robots, the impact has been concentrated. The Brookings Institution recently mapped the prevalence of industrial robots and noted a heavy cluster in Midwestern states and those in the Upper South where the auto industry is focused. More than half the nation’s 233,300 industrial robots are "burning welds, painting cars, assembling products, handling materials or packaging things in just 10 Midwestern and Southern states," the report said. Michigan alone has 12 percent of the nation's industrial robots, compared to 13 percent for all Western states combined. Ohio, Indiana and Tennessee also use robots extensively. The increased use of industrial robots will eliminate some jobs, including dangerous, repetitive and physically demanding ones, but it could create new ones. In addition to engineers who will be needed to design these machines and technicians to maintain and program them, others eventually will work side by side with robots, said Heni Ben Amor, an assistant engineering professor at Arizona State University. "In the past, there was a human/robot physical barrier because robots can be dangerous if you get hit by one," he said. "The new trend will bring the two worlds together." For example, he said humans could do work requiring physical dexterity, such as attaching small screws, while robots do heavy lifting or more repetitive tasks. Lingering unease Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, right, demonstrates a manufacturing robot with Ph.D. student Kevin Luck, left, and visiting molecular medicine scientist Tamara Blätte, at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Ben Amor said he's excited about the potential for job gains with advances in robotics. "It's going to create way more jobs than the number lost," he predicted. Ben Amor considers driverless vehicles to fall under the banner of robotics, as both involve machines or systems perceiving changes in the environment and taking actions in response. He believes Arizona could have a bright future in the development of driverless cars and trucks, given that Uber, Alphabet, General Motors and Intel all have tested such vehicles on public roads around the Valley. The unusual concentration of tests here has attracted the attention of a lot of smart students and young entrepreneurs who want to work for those companies or start their own, he said. Still, the adoption of robots and artificial intelligence often causes public anxiety over job losses. This anxiety spills over into politics. "It is telling that the robot incidence in red states that voted for President Trump in November is more than twice that in the blue states that voted for Hillary Clinton," Brookings noted in its report. While Arizona has fewer robots and thus less robot-induced anxiety, the state lags in other respects affecting jobs, prosperity and employment. For example, Arizona has a higher proportion of low-wage jobs, 27.8 percent, than the 24.2 percent national average, according to a report by Prosperity Now. The average pay of $49,700 in Arizona runs about $3,200 below the U.S. average, and a slightly smaller percentage of local employers offer health insurance to their workers. Jobs remain, but education needed Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) The pressures from robots, artificial intelligence and global outsourcing are serious, but the outlook isn't entirely bleak. The nation's economy is robust, resilient and innovative. New jobs will be created in new industries, as has regularly occurred in the past. A recent study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce estimates that there are still 30 million "good jobs" out there for workers who lack college degrees. Such jobs offer median or midpoint annual pay of $55,000 (and a minimum of $35,000). Many are found in health care, finance and information technology. Such positions have steadily replaced formerly good jobs in traditional blue-collar industries. For example, 25 years ago a machinist making $44,000 exemplified a good manufacturing job. Today, that description applies to a computer-support technician earning $60,000 a year. Other examples of good jobs cited in the report include financial managers, sales representatives and engineering technicians. Still, the study noted that the educational requirements for good jobs are rising. While college degrees aren't required, some higher education usually is. For workers with no more than a high school diploma, the number of good jobs has dropped by more than 1 million since 1991. By contrast, the number of good jobs for workers with an associate's degree has climbed by 3 million over that span. "To compete effectively, workers need some level of post-secondary education and training," the report said. "In addition, a variety of non-degree credentials are sometimes necessary to get those jobs, or to advance in them." Reviving trade jobs Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Ben Amor discusses robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures that are almost certain to alter employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Higher education is important, but many well-paying jobs don't require time spent in college classrooms. An estimated 10,000 or more unfilled jobs are in Arizona's construction trades — plumbers, electricians, dry-wall specialists, carpenters and others. The Brewer Companies, a large Phoenix plumbing company that includes Benjamin Franklin Plumbing on the retail side, is having such a hard time attracting workers that it has slowed its growth so that customer service and quality don't suffer. Brewer, which is looking for candidates to fill 35 open positions, could have grown at least 15 percent this year, said the company's CEO, Mike Brewer. Brewer offers paid apprenticeships for people wanting to become plumbers. Prior experience isn't needed, but applicants must be responsible and eager to work. "Will these people show up on time and work all day?" he asked. "It's not rocket science." Promising, doomed occupations Factors other than robotics, foreign competition and education affect jobs. So do industry strengths or weaknesses, customer demand and more. Kiplinger.com recently sorted through 785 occupations to glean what it considers the 10 best and worst, based on current average pay and future growth prospects. The 10 best are focused on technology and health care. In the tech field, promising positions include app developers and computer-systems analysts, while the health sector offers bright outlooks for nurse practitioners, physical therapists, health-services managers, physician assistants, dental hygienists and speech-language pathologists. Rounding out Kiplinger's top 10 are market-research analysts and financial advisers. The worst occupations are more varied but include many manufacturing positions such as textile-machine workers, photo processors, furniture finishers, metal/plastic machine operators and print binding/finishing workers. Robotics along with general technical obsolescence are dooming some of these jobs. Other positions with poor prospects, partly because they are highly competitive or offer low pay, include radio/TV announcers, legislators, floral designers, gaming cashiers and door-to-door salespeople, according to Kiplinger. STEM jobs — those in science, technology, engineering or math — enjoy especially good prospects. "The jobs of the future, no matter the industry or level, are no doubt going to involve at least a rudimentary knowledge of technology," said Challenger. People who enter a STEM profession will have a leg up on the competition, he added. Top STEM-focused jobs cited by his company for 2017 include computer-system analysts, statisticians, software developers, mathematicians and financial advisers. Median salaries in each of those fields already top $80,000, with unemployment rates below 2.5 percent. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. (Photo: Tom TIngle/The Republic) Part-time work: An expanding option? The assumption is that most people want full-time jobs with a range of benefits, but that's not necessarily so. In fact, more than one in six U.S. workers currently labor part-time, and many of these people do so from home. A part-time, remote job can be ideal for working parents, semi-retirees, individuals with health issues, military spouses and career changers, said Sara Sutton Fell, CEO of FlexJobs, a job-search website. Companies of all sizes and across a range of industries hire part-time, remote workers, she noted, citing nurses, accountants and digital-marketing strategists as examples. So too for tutors, writers and editors, computer coders, interpreters and customer-service representatives. With so many baby boomers in good health, part-time jobs remain an attractive option for young retirees — a way to remain socially engaged while generating extra income. In fact, 79 percent of workers polled recently by the Employee Benefit Research Institute said they plan to work for pay in retirement. However, just 29 percent of retirees, in the same poll, said they actually work or have worked for pay. This survey has consistently found a wide gap between the expectations of current workers to stay employed and the proportion of retirees who are. But with looming job shortages in some occupations and increasing employer flexibility, part-time work for retirees might be more feasible in coming years. Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com or 602-444-8616. READ MORE: Arizona doesn't have enough construction workers; contractors paying higher wages Will helping inmates hone skills, find jobs keep them out of prison? Conair warehouse in Glendale creates 350 jobs, huge corporate campus Low savings, poor jobs imperil Arizonans' prosperity, study says Summer jobs for teens are vanishing CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://azc.cc/2gyli6m Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! 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A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Talking Tech Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 7:29 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 | Updated 11:30 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103987064 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg have very differing opinions of artificial intelligence, and their battle is heating up. Time This might be the closest thing we have to a tech beef. Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has been vocal about his concerns over the rise in artificial intelligence. Musk worries AI could be used in a way that threatens humanity. Recently, he implored governments to start enacting laws to regulate how AI is built and used. On Saturday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg hosted a live chat from his backyard (while grilling, of course). A viewer asked him about Musk's concerns and how he felt about AI. Zuckerberg said he's "really optimistic" for AI, and questions those naysayers "who drum up doomsday scenarios" about the technology. "It’s really negative," said Zuckerberg. "And in some ways, I think it’s really irresponsible." He notes while AI -- like any technology -- could be used for evil purposes, he sees the possibilities AI brings, including safer cars and tech that can better diagnose disease. "I’m just much more optimistic in general on this," he said. On Tuesday, Musk responded on Twitter after a user shared a story recapping Zuckerberg's comments. "I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited," wrote Musk. I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited. — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 25, 2017 In 2015, Musk and other big names in tech helped launch Open AI, a non-profit aimed at "discovering and enacting the path to safe, artificial general intelligence." A year later, tech giants including Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft formed a Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society to explore best practices for AI. Tesla was among the companies absent. Zuckerberg has been bullish about AI, even building his own smart home system inspired by Iron Man's Jarvis. Musk embraces AI, too, notably through Tesla and its autopilot self-driving system. But Musk has regularly expressed fears AI could grow out of control without proper safeguards. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but rather that it will follow the will of people that establish its utility function or its optimization function, and that ... if it is not well thought out – even if its intent is benign – it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said in a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there Christopher Elliott, Special for USA TODAY Published 3:00 p.m. MT Aug. 27, 2017 FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedIn Tips and tricks all travelers should know Fullscreen [facebook-loading.gif] Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with a thorough search. Check an online travel agency like Expedia or Booking.com or call your travel agent. Check the rate against the price your preferred hotel would charge if you book direct. 2. Review the restrictions. Hotels can impose restrictions for booking through their site, like making their rooms non-refundable, so read the conditions closely before deciding where to go. You might be better off working with a big agency that has negotiated better terms. 3. Check the incentives. Ask yourself if you really need the points or the upgrade. Red Roof Fullscreen Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating out. If you order takeout, no tip is expected because no table service is provided. 2. Visit a business with a no-tipping policy. But beware: Instead, some "no tipping" restaurants add a mandatory "service charge" of 18% to 20%. 3. Avoid the outstretched hands. (You can.) You can stay in vacation rentals, rent a car or use mass transit, buy your food in a grocery store and take the self-guided tour and avoid having to leave a tip. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 1. Carry a vacation rental emergency kit. If you're staying at a rental, be prepared. Consider an emergency kit with towels, toilet paper, soap and detergent. 2. Consider renting through a service. Companies such as Vacasa, Wyndham Vacation Rentals and TurnKey Vacation Rentals go beyond bare-bones listings. 3. Just ask. Vacation rental owners can be very accommodating. Getty Images Fullscreen How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click the unsubscribe button. Every legitimate email campaign must have one. The sooner you click it, the louder your message to the hotel, tour operator or cruise line that these high-pressure tactics won't be tolerated. 2. Say "no" — and say why. Most travel companies will offer a "feedback" option when you opt out of an email campaign. Tell them why you're unsubscribing, especially if the annoyance affects whether you'd do business with them again. 3. Tell the feds. Complain to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) if a business is emailing you without consent. Under the CAN-SPAM Act, you have the right to end the seemingly relentless emails. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent to a supervisor. Ask for a Supervisory Transportation Security Officer (STSO) immediately. 2. Complain in writing. You can send an email directly to the TSA (tsa.gov/contact-center/form/complaints). 3. Contact your elected representative. You can contact your representative online at house.gov/representatives/find. Congress has tried to hold the agency accountable for its actions in the past, and its vigilance is bipartisan. Scott Olson, Getty Images Fullscreen Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been denied: 1. Your state insurance commissioner. To find your insurance commissioner, visit the National Association of Insurance Commissioners site: naic.org/index_members.htm. Some travelers have reported that their claims were honored after copying their state insurance commissioner on their appeal. 2. The Better Business Bureau (BBB). The BBB investigates claims of this nature, but it has little sway over the final outcome of your appeal. 3. A consumer advocate. Even though travel insurance companies operate "by the book," they can be prodded into changing their minds by an outside party. Check out the National Association of Consumer Advocates site for a referral: consumeradvocates.org. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you shouldn't go. Generally, you should avoid flying if you're sick, recovering from a serious illness or have a condition that is easily exacerbated by the stress of flying. 2. Don't fly if you're contagious.Airlines will issue a credit and may waive the change fee if you can prove you were sick at the time you were supposed to fly. 3. Avoid flights that could divert. Some flights are likelier to experience a medical emergency than others, particularly those to destinations that tend to attract retirees or passengers in poor health. Flights to Las Vegas, Miami and Fort Lauderdale may fall into that category. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. It doesn't just save space, it can prevent wrinkles. 2. Spray 'em out. Wrinkle-release sprays can fix travel-related wrinkles in a pinch. 3. Don't overpack — or underpack. “Wrinkling is caused when the bag is underpacked or overstuffed, so add or remove items until you have the perfect amount of items to keep the items in place while traveling," advises author Tori Toth. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 1. Cite the rules, chapter and verse. If you have a strong case for compensation or a refund, it'll be in the contract. 2. Lawyer up — without lawyering up. Without threatening to go to court, let the company know that it may be violating the law (if, indeed, it is). 3. Appeal to a company's customer service culture. Travel companies frequently promote warranties, customer promises or mission statements that claim to put you first. A quick reference to these documents can be enough to persuade an airline, car rental company, hotel or cruise line to do the right thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing medical conditions. Though some policies offer a waiver for medical conditions, you have to make sure you meet all of its conditions. 2. Changing your mind. Don't want to take the vacation? Most insurance won't cover you, but you can always go for a more expensive "cancel for any reason" policy, which would. 3. Psychological or nervous disorders. If you can't board a flight because you're afraid of flying, you generally can't file a successful claim. 4. Partying too hard. If you had a little too much to drink the night before your return flight and missed it, don't bother filing a claim. scyther5, Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration dates. Both visas and passports have an expiration date. Be aware of them, and make sure you don't overstay. 2. Take the right photo. Countries are specific about their requirements (no sunglasses, no hats, specific formatting). 3. Remember, a visa isn't a guarantee of admission. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal recommendation remains the best way to find a competent travel professional. 2. Use an agent finder. The American Society of Travel Agents publishes a directory of its agents at Travelsense.org. Also, check a consortium such as Virtuoso or Travel Leaders. 3. Look for the title. The Certified Travel Associate (CTA) and Certified Travel Counselor (CTC) designations issued by The Travel Institute are signs that your agent has taken the time to study up on the industry. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine print. Many surprises aren't surprises at all — they're just "gotchas" concealed in the fine print. Look for the "terms and conditions" in small type. Don't ignore them. 2. Ask before you rent. Does your car insurance cover the vehicle? How about your credit card? The only way to know for certain is to ask. If you assume, you may be stuck with an unnecessary bill. 3. Resolve in real time. Don't wait until you get home to fix a bad surprise. Most problems can be resolved at the counter. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's record. Fake reviews are often posted by accounts with little or no additional review history. 2. Show and tell. Talk is cheap, but photos of a resort or restaurant are harder to fake. You might think twice before trusting a detailed review without photos. 3. Look for extremes. If you see a one-star or a five-star rating or a lot of superlatives in the description, chances are you're looking at a fake. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, but don't over explain. 2. Avoid a confrontation. Restaurants and other establishments generally push you to offer a tip privately. Just leave the tip field on your credit card slip blank or decline to leave extra cash. 3. Use the system to your advantage. For example, can the employee see the tip amount you're authorizing on Square? Not always. If you don't believe you should be tipping, just click the "no tip" field and sign the screen. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out of downtown areas. Restricted zones are largely confined to heavily congested city centers. 2. Do the math. Pay particular attention to the difference between kilometers and miles, and slow down unless you want a speeding ticket! 3. Read the signs. Look for red circles with the words "Zona Traffico Limitato" in them when you're in Italy. In Germany, it's called an "Umweltzone." In Britain, the signs read, "Congestion Charging" and "Central Zone." Getty Images Fullscreen How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some cruise lines offer single cabins. And some tour operators charge modest single supplements. 2. Non-refundable tickets: Southwest Airlines has some of the most passenger-friendly fares and fees, when it comes to changes. 3. Fuel surcharges: Fortunately, these fees must be included in the price of your ticket. But if you see an airline with high fuel surcharges in time of lower oil prices, you may want to seek one that doesn't. 4. Resort fees: Don't stay at a hotel with resort fees. It's the only way to send a message that you don't tolerate these misrepresentations. Steve Mason, Getty Images Fullscreen How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. Don't play fast and loose with your ID. Your passport and ID are some of the most important travel documents. Don't leave them in your hotel room. And when you carry them on your person, keep them close to you, preferably in a money belt or travel wallet. 2. Keep 'em separated. Don't store critical documents in the same place. You may need one in order to replace the other. 3. Upload copies of critical documents online. A copy of a document by itself will not allow you to travel, but it can make the process to replace a passport a whole lot easier. Michael Reynolds, EPA Fullscreen How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage cubes allow you to compress lots of clothes into a compact space. 2. Vacuum pack it. You'd be surprised how much air is between the clothes in your carry-on. A vacuum packing technology can create even more space, although your clothes may be a little wrinkly. 3. Roll it. Instead of folding your clothes and pushing them into the bag, fold and then roll. Even without a cube or vacuum pack, you'll fit more in your luggage. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting and late flights. Generally, the more connections you make, and the later in the day your flight leaves, the greater the chances something will go wrong. 2. Know your rights. By far the best resource for airline consumer rights, at least when it comes to federal regulations, is the DOT's Fly Rights brochure, which is available online. Also, check your airline's contract of carriage. 3. Be grateful. Take a deep breath and appreciate the big picture. If your flight lands safely, that's the most important thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. Stay at a hotel with top-notch reviews or customer service scores. 2. Check in and check out. If a hotel doesn't meet your standards, don't let an employee talk you into staying, even if you've prepaid for your stay. Leave and ask for a refund. If you don't get it, dispute the charges on your credit card. 3. Report the hotel. If you check into a property that's unlivable, your next call needs to be to the health department to report the condition of the hotel. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with names you trust. Airbnb, VRBO and FlipKey have legitimate rentals and higher standards. 2. Assume nothing. Every vacation rental comes with linens, right? Wrong. 3. Never wire money. Wiring money can lead to the most unpleasant surprise of all: a rental that doesn't even exist. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're booking online, avoid pop-up blockers, unconventional browsers or anything that might interfere with the normal display process. Why? Clever operatives can hide their disclosures in places that can't be seen if you're browsing in an unconventional way. 2. Use a big screen. Making reservations on a tiny phone screen is just asking for trouble. 3. Review the grand total. Almost always, you'll find every required extra, including taxes and fees, as part of the "final" charge. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. Tolls: Car rental companies add extra fees for using their transponders, sometimes charging by the day. Either bring your own toll transponder or avoid tolls with a reliable mapping app. 2. High insurance rates: Car rental insurance can be found in unexpected places, including your own credit card, travel insurance policy or as a standalone product from your online travel agency. 3. Tickets: Download an app like Speed Cameras & Traffic by Sygic, which lets you see the speed limit for the road you are traveling on, or CamSam Plus, which alerts you to speed cameras. Many GPS navigation systems also come equipped with traffic enforcement warnings. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. Stay with a hotel that offers hypoallergenic rooms, which are not scented. Most of the major chains now offer no-smell quarters. 2. If you smell something, say something. Some hotels pump smells into every part of the property. If you're sensitive to scents, don't wait until you're halfway through your visit to complain. 3. Fumigate your own room. If all else fails, open a window, or find the source of the smell and stop it. emera Technologies/Getty Images Fullscreen What to do at the airport for free while you wait: What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 1. See the art. Phoenix Sky Harbor, for example, has an impressive collection of art. 2. Watch the planes. One of the best places to plane-spot is Honolulu International Airport. Terminals there are connected by long, open-air walkways, where you can see the aircraft up close, smell the aircraft fuel and hear the deafening roar of aircraft engines revving up. 3. Take a hike. Stretch your legs before you take off by walking through the airport terminal. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will assign a desirable aisle seat to passengers who need the extra room or access to the lavatory. You can also ask a fellow passenger to switch with you after boarding. 2. Pull the card. If you have a loyalty card, you may be entitled to a better seat, even if you're sitting in economy class. 3. Pay for one. Airlines will love this suggestion because they'll make more money from you. But if avoiding a window or aisle is important, you may want to spend a few extra dollars. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your personal information private while How to keep your personal information private while traveling: 1. Use a virtual private network. A VPN creates a secure encrypted tunnel between your device and a server somewhere on the Internet. That makes it nearly impossible for someone on the same network to eavesdrop on your network traffic. 2. Tell your phone to say "no." Disable location services, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi when possible. 3. Use caution in rental cars. Either manually enter the address into the car’s navigation system or use your own device, but don't connect to the infotainment system. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's less noise. The front of the aircraft is less noisy and tends to have a quieter kind of passenger (read: business travelers). On a train, look for the quiet cars. 2. Block it. Noise canceling headsets can filter out unwanted noise. But if you're serious about avoiding noise pollution, always travel with a pair of earplugs. 3. Timing is everything. Don't expect to get much quiet if you're in New Orleans around Mardi Gras or in one of the popular spring break destinations in March. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign up for a company's frequent-renter program, which allows you to state your preferences before you arrive. That could make you less vulnerable to upgrade, downgrade and option games. 2. Automated check-in kiosks limit the amount of interaction with a salesperson. But pay close attention to what you're agreeing to on the screen. 3. Carry a copy of your car insurance or evidence of insurance through your travel insurance policy or credit card. If you don't, a representative could pressure you — or even deny you the keys to a car. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol and drugs are a major factor of in-flight incidents. So book an early morning flight to avoid heavily intoxicated passengers. 2. Avoid tight quarters. Use a site such as Routehappy that finds flights based on amenities and comfort. 3. And choose the right seat. A bulkhead row, exit row or seat near the galley might be less likely to be the scene of a midair disturbance. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with 1 of 31 * Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating 2 of 31 * How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 3 of 31 * How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click 4 of 31 * How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent 5 of 31 * Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been 6 of 31 * How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you 7 of 31 * How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. 8 of 31 * How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 9 of 31 * What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing 10 of 31 * How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration 11 of 31 * How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal 12 of 31 * How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine 13 of 31 * How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's 14 of 31 * How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, 15 of 31 * How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out 16 of 31 * How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some 17 of 31 * How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. 18 of 31 * How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage 19 of 31 * How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting 20 of 31 * How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. 21 of 31 * How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with 22 of 31 * How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're 23 of 31 * How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid 24 of 31 * How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. 25 of 31 * What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 26 of 31 * How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will 27 of 31 * How to keep your personal information private while 28 of 31 * How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's 29 of 31 * How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign 30 of 31 * How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol 31 of 31 Autoplay Show Thumbnails Show Captions Last SlideNext Slide XXX IMG_IMG_3252.PNG_1_1_T5HUR530.JPG Chatbots now work well for ordering a pizza, but managing a complex travel itinerary is a different story.(Photo: Facebook) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Ask any technology expert about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in travel and they'll breathlessly tell you we're on the verge of a revolution. They'll describe a world in the not-too-distant future where smart applications can find and book a bargain airfare, manage your trip and troubleshoot any problems that might come up with greater speed and efficiency than any human travel agent. But ask any traveler to describe their experience with AI, and you might hear a different story: One of struggling to be understood by technology that claims to be smart. These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Technology may be good and getting better, but nothing replaces a person. That's unlikely to change for a while, and maybe ever. Take my recent experience with Hipmunk, widely praised as the cleverest of the customer-facing AIs. I asked it repeatedly to recommend a cold-weather getaway. Instead, it suggested I book a getaway to Nassau, Bahamas. When asked for an island with lower temperatures, Hipmunk cheerfully changed my itinerary -- to a weekend in balmy Port Au Prince, Haiti. "I don't think that AI in travel is even remotely usable yet," says Brian Harniman, who founded Brand New Matter, a strategic advisory and venture capital firm that specializes in travel. "It's what people are talking about building in order to sound like they have cutting edge tech." Hipmunk shouldn't feel bad. In the recent past, social media chatbots have created their own incomprehensible language, spouted expletives and in one memorable case, two Chinese AIs churned out anti-revolutionary statements and had to be taken offline. Several travel chatbots I tested didn't even respond to my repeated text queries. Not knowing the difference between the Bahamas and Iceland is, by comparison, a relatively innocent mistake. "Every experience I've had has been a total waste of time," says Bruce Sweigert, who works for a travel technology company. "I would love to hear at least one positive anecdote about using artificial intelligence in travel." I asked travelers to tell me about their great AI experiences, but heard only crickets. Perhaps the they were too busy enjoying their AI-booked vacations. People in the industry, on the other hand, were downright chatty. They explained that my expectations of the technology, which is still in an early stage, are too high. AI is reasonably good at simple tasks, for now they say. "It can replace some of the simpler tasks," explains Kayne McGladrey, a computer security consultant in Bellingham, Wash. AI can help plan trips, recommend the least agonizing flight itineraries and handle some of the easier tasks handled by a hotel concierge, like recommending restaurants. There's a reason why this technology works so well: it's not that new. Applications like "Ask Julie," the Amtrak automated virtual travel assistant, are five years old. Julie can field basic questions about train schedules, but don't get too cute with her. For example, if you ask about how comfortable the trains are, she's likely to respond with, "I'm not sure how to answer that. I understand simple questions best. Can you try asking that in a different way?" Some of the latest applications can go further. For example, Avianca’s new AI, Carla, can confirm itineraries and flight status. For domestic flights in Colombia, passengers can even check-in through Carla using a mobile device. And Booking.com's new booking assistant allows you to get support for your upcoming hotel reservations, including fast responses to your most common stay-related requests, like "What's my check-in time?" But other chatbots are frustratingly one-dimensional. Ana, Copa Airlines' new web-based chatbot, seems more like a frequently-asked-questions section than an intelligent agent. It "suggests" questions from a pre-written list of queries. Even insiders admit that the most advanced system is easily foiled. "My Irish accent gets stronger the more frustrated I get," says Conor Brady, chief creative officer of Critical Mass, an experience design agency in New York. "And obviously travel can get stressful. So voice assistants stop understanding me, as I'm yelling into my phone to translate a street name in Hong Kong, or point me in the direction of a decent cup of coffee in Lisbon." Maybe you can have the best of both worlds. That's the idea behind new apps like Pana (pana.com/) and Lola (lola.com), which combine the best of AI with human agents. For now, letting the technology do the dirty work and allowing human agents to handle the complex stuff seems like the most reasonable course. The technologists are right: artificial intelligence will change the way you travel. But maybe not in the way they think -- or the way you think. Where to find good AI in travel Hopper (hopper.com): Serves personalized suggestions about trips you may be interested in, but haven't explicitly searched or watched, based on your activity in the app -- just like Netflix recommends movies you might like. Skyscanner (messenger.com/t/skyscanner): A social media chatbot that helps you quickly find a cheap airfare on Facebook Messenger. I found a bargain fare from Seattle to Hong Kong. But you have to be specific, giving it an exact city. It found the least expensive dates to fly. Carla, The CWT Personal Travel Assistant (cwtcarla.com/CarlaWeChat/): Still in development when I tested it, this AI chatbot for business travel has a lot of potential. It can make smarter recommendations on flight connections and lodgings, plus it memorizes your company's travel policy and your travel preferences. Christopher Elliott is a consumer advocate. Contact him at chris@elliott.org or visit elliott.org. CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2xEGAG2 Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! From The USA TODAY NETWORK These sites are part of the USA TODAY NETWORK. 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IBM, Associated Press file The IBM computer system known as Watson, at IBM’s research center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., will work in mining epic amounts of weather data to come up with actionable insights about the weather. By The Associated Press September 10, 2017 at 12:03 am [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free BOSTON— IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 2, 2018 Amazon will buy Target this year, analyst predicts * December 23, 2017 Apple said to develop EKG heart monitor for future watch * December 22, 2017 What can be done to prevent deadly car rammings? * December 16, 2017 Denver among the 10 U.S. metro areas with largest income gains since the recession Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM’s nearby research center in Cambridge, Mass. * Tags: * artificial intelligence * IBM * More Business News More in Business * Co-authors of the book Lakota Performers ... From Lookout Mountain to Belgium, setting the record straight on American Indian performers January 14, 2018, 12:01 am Despite what many may think, Buffalo Bill and Wild West Shows helped preserve Lakota culture, authors say. * A donation is made into a ... 6 ways the world of giving could change in 2018 January 14, 2018, 12:01 am From pessimism about new federal tax laws to politically-motivated “rage philanthropy,” 2018 promises to be transformational. * The original Denver Branch building, located ... A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank January 14, 2018, 12:01 am A century before Amazon created a national frenzy to host its second headquarters, U.S. cities battled to claim one of a dozen regional banks that would make up the newly formed Federal Reserve system. Denver lost that bidding war to Kansas City, but claimed a branch that will celebrate 100 years on Jan. 14. * Medicaid recipient Thomas J. Penister, of ... Medicaid work mandate will create uncertainty in some states January 13, 2018, 9:56 pm Republicans this past week began to realize their long-held goal of requiring certain adults to work, get job training or perform community service in exchange for getting health coverage through Medicaid. * Member Services * News Alerts * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * RSS * Subscribe + Become a Member / Subscribe + Place a Hold + Denver Post Store + Digital Replica Edition * Classifieds + Autos + Real Estate + Jobs + Today’s Ads + Weekly Ads + Daily Ads + Special Sections * Contact Us + Submit a News Tip + Member Services + Advertise With Us + Careers + Place an Obituary * Today’s Front Page + Back Issues + Archives + Mobile Apps * Copyright © 2017 Digital First Media * Privacy Policy * Terms of Use * Site Map * Ethics Policy * Powered by WordPress.com VIP * Arbitration Send to Email Address ____________________ Your Name ____________________ Your Email Address ____________________ _________________________ loading Send Email Cancel Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59 billion industry Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * By The Washington Post July 23, 2017 at 10:39 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free China aims to make the artificial intelligence industry a “new, important” driver of economic expansion by 2020, according to a development plan issued by the State Council. Policymakers want to be global leaders, with the AI industry generating more than 400 billion yuan ($59 billion) of output per year by 2025, according to an announcement from the Cabinet late Thursday. Key development areas include AI software and hardware, intelligent robotics and vehicles, virtual reality and augmented reality, it said. “Artificial intelligence has become the new focus of international competition,” the report said. “We must take the initiative to firmly grasp the next stage of AI development to create a new competitive advantage, open the development of new industries and improve the protection of national security.” The plan highlights China’s ambition to become a world power backed by its technology business giants, research centers and military, which are investing heavily in AI. Globally, the technology will contribute as much as $15.7 trillion to output by 2030, according to a PwC report last month. That’s more than the current combined output of China and India. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-2.html “The positive economic ripples could be pretty substantial,” said Kevin Lau, a senior economist at Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. “The simple fact that China is embracing AI and having explicit targets for its development over the next decade is certainly positive for the continued upgrading of the manufacturing sector and overall economic transformation.” Chinese AI-related stocks advanced Friday. CSG Smart Science & Technology Co. climbed as much as 9.3 percent in Shenzhen before closing 3.1 percent higher, while intelligent management software developer Mesnac Co. surged 9.8 percent after hitting the 10 percent daily limit in earlier trading. AI will have a significant influence on society and the international community, according to an opinion piece by East China University of Political Science and Law professor Gao Qiqi published Wednesday in the People’s Daily, the flagship newspaper of the Communist Party. PwC found that the world’s second-biggest economy stands to gain more than any other from AI because of the high proportion of output derived from manufacturing. Related Articles * January 14, 2018 A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Fund manager Q&A: What to expect from muni bonds in 2018 * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests Another report from Accenture and Frontier Economics last month estimated that AI could increase China’s annual growth rate by 1.6 percentage point to 7.9 percent by 2035 in terms of gross value added, a close proxy for GDP, adding more than $7 trillion. The State Council directive also called for China’s businesses, universities and armed forces to work more closely in developing the technology. “We will further implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian developments,” it said. “Scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and military units should communicate and coordinate.” More AI professionals and scientists should be trained, the State Council said. It also called for promoting interdisciplinary research to connect AI with other subjects such as cognitive science, psychology, mathematics and economics. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-3.html * Tags: * artificial intelligence * China * More Business News * robotics * virtual reality More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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Email check failed, please try again Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. #The Denver Post » Feed The Denver Post » Comments Feed The Denver Post » How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Comments Feed alternate alternate IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TLFP4R * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video GET BREAKING NEWS IN YOUR BROWSER. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video How artificial intelligence is taking on… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * File photo, employees watch electronic ... Yun Dong-jin, Yonhap via AP, File In this Monday, May 15, 2017, file photo, employees watch electronic boards to monitor possible ransomware cyberattacks at the Korea Internet and Security Agency in Seoul, South Korea. Unable to rely on good human behavior, computer security experts are developing software techniques to fight ransomware. But getting these protections in the hands of users is challenging. By The Associated Press June 28, 2017 at 11:44 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free By Anick Jesdanun, The Associated Press NEW YORK — Twice in the space of six weeks, the world has suffered major attacks of ransomware — malicious software that locks up photos and other files stored on your computer, then demands money to release them. It’s clear that the world needs better defenses, and fortunately those are starting to emerge, if slowly and in patchwork fashion. When they arrive, we may have artificial intelligence to thank. Ransomware isn’t necessary trickier or more dangerous than other malware that sneaks onto your computer, but it can be much more aggravating, and at times devastating. Most such infections don’t get in your face about taking your digital stuff away from you the way ransomware does, nor do they shake you down for hundreds of dollars or more. Despite those risks, many people just aren’t good at keeping up with security software updates. Both recent ransomware attacks walloped those who failed to install a Windows update released a few months earlier. Watchdog security software has its problems, too. With this week’s ransomware attack , only two of about 60 security services tested caught it at first, according to security researchers. “A lot of normal applications, especially on Windows, behave like malware, and it’s hard to tell them apart,” said Ryan Kalember, an expert at the California security vendor Proofpoint. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 13, 2018 Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits * January 13, 2018 Angry tweets, viral videos are teaching airlines to observe social media, and respond HOW TO FIND MALWARE In the early days, identifying malicious programs such as viruses involved matching their code against a database of known malware. But this technique was only as good as the database; new malware variants could easily slip through. So security companies started characterizing malware by its behavior. In the case of ransomware, software could look for repeated attempts to lock files by encrypting them. But that can flag ordinary computer behavior such as file compression. Newer techniques involve looking for combinations of behaviors. For instance, a program that starts encrypting files without showing a progress bar on the screen could be flagged for surreptitious activity, said Fabian Wosar, chief technology officer at the New Zealand security company Emsisoft. But that also risks identifying harmful software too late, after some files have already been locked up. An even better approach identifies malware using observable characteristics usually associated with malicious intent — for instance, by quarantining a program disguised with a PDF icon to hide its true nature. This sort of malware profiling wouldn’t rely on exact code matches, so it couldn’t be easily evaded. And such checks could be made well before potentially dangerous programs start running. MACHINE VS. MACHINE Still, two or three characteristics might not properly distinguish malware from legitimate software. But how about dozens? Or hundreds? Or even thousands? For that, security researchers turn to machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence. The security system analyzes samples of good and bad software and figures out what combination of factors is likely to be present in malware. As it encounters new software, the system calculates the probability that it’s malware, and rejects those that score above a certain threshold. When something gets through, it’s a matter of tweaking the calculations or adjusting the threshold. Now and then, researchers see a new behavior to teach the machine. AN ARMS RACE On the flip side, malware writers can obtain these security tools and tweak their code to see if they can evade detection. Some websites already offer to test software against leading security systems. Eventually, malware authors may start creating their own machine-learning models to defeat security-focused artificial intelligence. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder and chief technology officer at the California vendor CrowdStrike, said that even if a particular system offers 99 percent protection, “it’s just a math problem of how many times you have to deviate your attack to get that 1 percent.” Still, security companies employing machine learning have claimed success in blocking most malware, not just ransomware. SentinelOne even offers a $1 million guarantee against ransomware; it hasn’t had to pay it yet. A FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGE So why was ransomware still able to spread in recent weeks? Garden-variety anti-virus software — even some of the free versions — can help block new forms of malware, as many are also incorporating behavioral-detection and machine-learning techniques. But such software still relies on malware databases that users aren’t typically good at keeping up to date. Next-generation services such as CrowdStrike, SentinelOne and Cylance tend to ditch databases completely in favor of machine learning. But these services focus on corporate customers, charging $40 to $50 a year per computer. Smaller businesses often don’t have the budget — or the focus on security — for that kind of protection. And forget consumers; these security companies aren’t selling to them yet. Though Cylance plans to release a consumer version in July, it says it’ll be a tough sell — at least until someone gets attacked personally or knows a friend or family member who has. As Cylance CEO Stuart McClure puts it: “When you haven’t been hit with a tornado, why would you get tornado insurance?” * Tags: * artificial intelligence * cybersecurity * malware * ransomware * Windows More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit Minnesota is feeling the pinch from a record number of job openings VA says wounded Iraq War vet's sculpture is too real to display Open enrollment keeps students, resources flowing into Minnetonka 'We made a mistake': Hawaii sends false missile alert Eagles use goal-line stand, Elliott FGs to beat Falcons Bill Murray returns to 'SNL' as Steve Bannon on 'Morning Joe' spoof Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 More Minnesota couples saying 'I do' to winter weddings Showing off Minnesota as a welcoming place starts at MSP, with foundation's help next 442462823 Putin: Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world Associated Press September 1, 2017 — 9:20am Text size comment share tweet email Print more Share on: Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on Pinterest Copy shortlink: ____________________ Purchase: Order Reprint MOSCOW — Russian President Vladimir Putin says that whoever reaches a breakthrough in developing artificial intelligence will come to dominate the world. 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The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org Photo: David McNew/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-23', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 23', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/23 Caption Close Image 1 of 23 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Image 2 of 23 LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017. Source: The Telegraph less LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA ... more Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images Image 3 of 23 Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved." Source: NBC less Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. ... more Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images Image 4 of 23 The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017. Source: CBS News less The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be ... more Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images Image 5 of 23 Image 6 of 23 Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017. Source: NPR less Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may ... more Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Image 7 of 23 Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages." Source: Inc less Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer ... more Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images Image 8 of 23 The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images Image 9 of 23 A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand." Source: NBC less A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to ... more Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images Image 10 of 23 Image 11 of 23 Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics Image 12 of 23 For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images Image 13 of 23 The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn. Source: NASA less The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September ... more Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images Image 14 of 23 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures. Source: Climatecentral.org less 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming ... more Photo: David McNew/Getty Images Image 15 of 23 Image 16 of 23 Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images Image 17 of 23 The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images Image 18 of 23 More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard." Source: Time less More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on ... more Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images Image 19 of 23 China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Image 20 of 23 Image 21 of 23 Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world." Source: Inc less Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these ... more Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images Image 22 of 23 The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Source: BBC less The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the ... more Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images Image 23 of 23 Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered 1 / 23 Back to Gallery Being a sore loser is not an admired quality; especially when it's a sophisticated piece of artificial intelligence that's lashing out. Researchers at DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence lab, recently performed a number of tests by having its most complex AI play a series of a games with a version of itself. In the first game, two AI agents, one red and one blue, scramble to see who can collect the most apples, or green squares. Each AI has the option of firing off a long laser beam to stun the other AI, giving one player ample time to collect more precious green apples. SELF-DRIVING: Ford puts $1 billion in stealth artificial intelligence startup IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/he8_V0BvbWg Terrifyingly, it takes almost no time for both AI to start zapping each other relentlessly in the name of green apples. "These results show that agents learn aggressive policies in environments that combine a scarcity of resources with the possibility of costly action," wrote DeepMind's researchers in a study examining the tests. In addition, scientists were able to change details in the game that would push the AI into being more or less likely to zap their apple-gathering partner. For example, scientists lowered the frequency at which apples spawned and also upped the stun time for each AI's laser, tweaks that resulted in a "highly aggressive" game. ALL IN: Texas Hold 'Em may be the next frontier in artificial intelligence On Friday, Apple announced that it has formally joined The Partnership on AI to Benefit People and Society. Other members of the organization include: Amazon, Facebook, Google/Deep Mind, IBM and Microsoft. The Partnership on AI aims to advance the public understanding of artificial intelligence and create the best practices for it It plans to do research under an open license on areas such as ethics, privacy, fairness, inclusivity, transparency and privacy. Media: Brandpoint While all of this may sound like an "Ex Machina" omen, there are people behind the scenes working to avoid a Skynet-style fate. When Google first purchased DeepMind in 2014 for $500 million, it agreed to set up an ethics and safety board as part of the deal. So far, Google has yet to say whose on the board or what exactly they do, but hopefully they've paid attention to what happens when their AI is up against the ropes. Click through above to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017. 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Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. / 2009 Christian Science Monitor * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images / Steve Debenport * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images / 2015 Anadolu Agency * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images / 2015 Getty Images * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? Photo: AP * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP / AP * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images / De Agostini Editorial * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-22', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 22', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/22 Caption Close Image 1 of 22 Image 2 of 22 What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. less What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some ... more Photo: 2009 Christian Science Monitor Image 3 of 22 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. less 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about ... more Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images Image 4 of 22 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. less 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of ... more Image 5 of 22 Image 6 of 22 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. less 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour ... more Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images Image 7 of 22 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. less 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ... more Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images Image 8 of 22 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? less 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an ... more Photo: AP Image 9 of 22 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. less 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically ... more Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 10 of 22 Image 11 of 22 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. less 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into ... more Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images Image 12 of 22 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. less 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over ... more Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP Image 13 of 22 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. less 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 14 of 22 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. less 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 15 of 22 Image 16 of 22 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. less 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of ... more Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 17 of 22 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” less 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting ... more Image 18 of 22 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. less 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way ... more Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images Image 19 of 22 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. less 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or ... more Image 20 of 22 Image 21 of 22 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. less 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — ... more Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP Image 22 of 22 Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language 1 / 22 Back to Gallery Add dealmaking to the growing list of skills artificial intelligence will soon outperform humans at. A new report from Facebook’s Artificial Intelligence Research lab reveals its AI “dialog agents” were able to negotiate remarkably well — at one point communicating in a unique nonhuman language. The model had two chatbots use “machine learning” to continuously improve its negotiating tactics with each other. Facebook researchers had to pause the experiment when the bots’ new mode of communicating “led to divergence from human language as the agents developed their own language for negotiating.” Also Read: Facebook Closed Captioning Screwed Up Facebook CEO's Harvard Speech Even without its own language, the research provided an eerie glimpse at the power of machine learning. The bots quickly moved to high-level methods of deal-making, capable of “feigning interest in a valueless item” — allowing the bots to make compromises. It has been just over a year since Facebook first unveiled its chatbots, the social networking giant isn't done making improvements to dialog-driven assistants. Today, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research released a new framework for developers intended to help fine-tune and improve the conversational abilities of chatbots, of which Facebook Messenger has over 11,000 of and growing. Media: WochIt Media This revealed the bots were capable of deception — a complex skill learned late in a child’s development, according to the report. The bots weren’t programmed to lie, but instead learned “to deceive without any explicit human design, simply by trying to achieve their goals.” In other words, the bots learned lying can work on their own. Once programmed to not use its new language, researchers also found a hint of spontaneity in the bots’ interactions. Seventy-six percent of the conversations included a fluent English sentence pulled from its training data. Still, the agents had a few “novel utterances” that suggested “although neural models are prone to the safer option of repeating sentences from training data, they are capable of generalizing when necessary.” Also Read: Mark Zuckerberg's 3 Keys to Creating a 'Sense of Purpose' While the data doesn’t conclude we’ll have AI car salesmen in the immediate future, it did show how rapidly machine learning can lead to unanticipated outcomes. As AI research continues to expand, it’s imperative to see the potential drawbacks to having machines self-improve without safeguards in place. 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Does it? [1920_x_1080_iOSA.JPG?uuid=bO3beFYDEeeEC1EgJjGdpw] Hopper and similar apps for travelers use artificial intelligence to power their booking engines. (Courtesy of Hopper) [elliottc.jpg?ts=1421428888912&w=80&h=80&t=20170517a] By Christopher Elliott By Christopher Elliott Columnist June 22, 2017 Follow @elliottdotorg The Terminator wants to be your next travel agent. New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to make travel a little smarter. The latest entrant is Aeromexico’s new AI-based customer-service bot, billed as a “smart brain” capable of machine learning. It launched earlier this year in Spanish on Facebook, and an English version is being rolled out now. But do they really live up to the billing? It depends. There’s little doubt that AI is improving the bottom line for airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, which are aggressively integrating this technology into their operations. But for consumers, there are only a few AI-enabled apps and sites that offer a meaningful improvement, if any. Nearly 85 percent of travel and hospitality professionals are using AI within their businesses, according to a recent survey by Tata Consultancy Services, which is based in India. So far, the use is largely limited to their information-technology departments, with 46 percent of companies saying they use it for functions such as processing bookings and credit-card transactions. But within four years, 60 percent of companies surveyed said that AI would expand to their marketing efforts — persuading you to book their products. [The travel industry is finally ending discrimination against solo travelers. Or is it?] Indeed, most of the AI firepower is reserved for the back-end systems designed to squeeze more profit out of an airline seat or hotel room, or to improve the efficiency of airport operations. For example, flight disruptions cost airlines billions each year, so airports are deploying AI systems to quickly deal with irregular operations. A company called SITA is working with airports to create an algorithm to forecast airline delays. “This is a huge cost for the industry,” says Jim Peters, SITA’s chief technology officer. “There is a strong desire to remove as much uncertainty as possible.” For customer-facing AI systems for travelers, there are several standouts. One of the most prominent examples of AI is Hopper , which uses a variety of artificial intelligence to power its site and booking engine. That includes machine learning to analyze pricing data and suggest the best times to book a trip to a destination, a system that alerts you when ticket prices drop, and a “conversational chatbot” that understands written queries and generates relevant results. Another site, Hipmunk , also has a well-known conversational chatbot capable of understanding queries and offering relevant search results. “The idea here is to leverage AI strategically at the right moment in the customer journey,” says Étienne Mérineau, the co-founder and head of conversation design at Heyday.ai, a chatbot developer based in Montreal. At Kayak , when you access its price forecast tool, you’re using an intelligent system that’s more than a simple search. Not only does it offer a more accurate price prediction, says Giorgos Zacharia, the chief technology officer for Kayak, “artificial intelligence also allows us to combine flights from different carriers for more savings for our users.” [How can you protect your right to digital privacy at the border?] And while the sites that offer it are popular, the technology can be a little glitchy. Take the Aeromexico AI, called Aerobot. Like the Terminator’s mythical Skynet, it goes far beyond offering scripted answers, learning as it goes by scanning and analyzing previous customer service transcripts. The system, currently only available in Spanish, is still primitive. I accessed the AI through its Facebook page and asked it for help with a reservation. The response? “Let me transfer you to a human agent.” Its developers said Aerobot can answer simple questions, such as “What is your pet fee?” and “I have to change a flight,” but is still learning the rest. Who said customer service would be easy? Certainly not Nina McGouldrick, a medical writer from Richardson, Tex. She recently used Hopper to book a flight on American Airlines, with frustrating results. When she called the airline to check on the status of her flight, American claimed she had canceled her ticket and that its records indicated that someone using her number had called. “All we could see on our side is that it was canceled by the airline at the flier’s request,” says Brianna Schneider, a Hopper spokeswoman. “It pains us to hear, though, that this traveler didn’t intend to cancel her trip and we will reach out to her to get more details.” [You’ve never heard of these people, but they’ve changed the way you fly] But McGouldrick may be in the minority. Artificial intelligence is increasingly palatable to a majority of travelers. A new PricewaterhouseCoopers survey of consumer and business attitudes toward the technology suggests that in the next five years, 56 percent of respondents would be willing to embrace an artificial travel agent. To which human agents say: Nonsense. “Would you trust the Terminator to tell you where to see the best sunset on the Amalfi Coast?” asks Erika Richter, a spokeswoman for the American Society of Travel Agents . “I don’t think so.” For now, the dream of an AI making travel better seems closer to becoming a reality for a company’s back-end systems, where intelligent applications can improve efficiency and cut costs. But when it comes to the systems travelers use, there’s a long road ahead — at least before you can call a machine to book your next vacation. Elliott is a consumer advocate, journalist and co-founder of the advocacy group Travelers United. Email him at chris@elliott.org. Read more from Travel: With eco-friendly travel more popular than ever, approach green claims with skepticism From passport cards to Global Entry, which trusted-traveler program is right for you? 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. Google Google's artificial intelligence computer 'no longer constrained by limits of human knowledge' news.com.au * Facebook * Twitter * Print * Email Terminator The computer that stunned humanity by beating the best mortal players at a strategy board game requiring “intuition” has become even smarter, its creators claim. Even more startling, the updated version of AlphaGo is entirely self-taught — a major step towards the rise of machines that achieve superhuman abilities “with no human input”, they reported in the science journal Nature. Dubbed AlphaGo Zero, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) system learnt by itself, within days, to master the ancient Chinese board game known as “Go” — said to be the most complex two-person challenge ever invented. It came up with its own, novel moves to eclipse all the Go acumen humans have acquired over thousands of years. After just three days of self-training it was put to the ultimate test against AlphaGo, its forerunner which previously dethroned the top human champs. AlphaGo Zero won by 100 games to zero. “AlphaGo Zero not only rediscovered the common patterns and openings that humans tend to play ... it ultimately discarded them in preference for its own variants which humans don’t even know about or play at the moment,” said AlphaGo lead researcher David Silver. The 3000-year-old Chinese game played with black and white stones on a board has more move configurations possible than there are atoms in the Universe. AlphaGo made world headlines with its shock 4-1 victory in March 2016 over 18-time Go champion Lee Se-Dol, one of the game’s all-time masters. Lee’s defeat showed that AI was progressing faster than widely thought, said experts at the time who called for rules to make sure powerful AI always remains completely under human control. In May this year, an updated AlphaGo Master program beat world Number One Ke Jie in three matches out of three. NOT CONSTRAINED BY HUMANS Unlike its predecessors which trained on data from thousands of human games before practising by playing against itself, AlphaGo Zero did not learn from humans, or by playing against them, according to researchers at DeepMind, the Google-owned British artificial intelligence (AI) company developing the system. “All previous versions of AlphaGo ... were told: ‘Well, in this position the human expert played this particular move, and in this other position the human expert played here’,” Silver said in a video explaining the advance. AlphaGo Zero skipped this step. Instead, it was programmed to respond to reward — a positive point for a win versus a negative point for a loss. Starting with just the rules of Go and no instructions, the system learnt the game, devised strategy and improved as it competed against itself — starting with “completely random play” to figure out how the reward is earned. This is a trial-and-error process known as “reinforcement learning”. Unlike its predecessors, AlphaGo Zero “is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge,” Silver and DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis wrote in a blog. Amazingly, AlphaGo Zero used a single machine — a human brain-mimicking “neural network” -- compared to the multiple-machine “brain” that beat Lee. It had four data processing units compared to AlphaGo’s 48, and played 4.9 million training games over three days compared to 30 million over several months. BEGINNING OF THE END? “People tend to assume that machine learning is all about big data and massive amounts of computation but actually what we saw with AlphaGo Zero is that algorithms matter much more,” said Silver. The findings suggested that AI based on reinforcement learning performed better than those that rely on human expertise, Satinder Singh of the University of Michigan wrote in a commentary also carried by Nature. “However, this is not the beginning of any end because AlphaGo Zero, like all other successful AI so far, is extremely limited in what it knows and in what it can do compared with humans and even other animals,” he said. AlphaGo Zero’s ability to learn on its own “might appear creepily autonomous”, added Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. But there was an important difference, he told AFP, “between the general-purpose smarts humans have and the specialised smarts” of computer software. “What DeepMind has demonstrated over the past years is that one can make software that can be turned into experts in different domains ... but it does not become generally intelligent,” he said. It was also worth noting that AlphaGo was not programming itself, said Sandberg. “The clever insights making Zero better was due to humans, not any piece of software suggesting that this approach would be good. I would start to get worried when that happens.” This story originally appeared in news.com.au. Trending in Tech * “Online work” used to mean “money grabbing scam.” You might find a job selling things online for a commission or writing blogs for money, but these rarely provided a living wage, or even enough spare change to justify the time commitment. Times have changed. The internet has finally become profitable, not just for startup entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, but for regular people with everyday skills. 11 innovative ways to make money online * Though still nascent in terms of sheer numbers, sex robots have increased in popularity in recent years, with Abyss Creations’ ‘Harmony’ RealDoll arguably the most famous one. 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. [tr?id=190747804793608&ev=PageView &noscript=1] * Physics * Mathematics * Biology * Computer Science * All Articles * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own (Submit) Share (Submit) * Comments * (Submit) Read Later Abstractions blog Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own ByKevin Hartnett October 18, 2017 A new version of AlphaGo needed no human instruction to figure out how to clobber the best Go player in the world — itself. (Submit) dreamdream [AlphaGo1300Lede.jpg] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks A mere 19 months after dethroning the world’s top human Go player, the computer program AlphaGo has smashed an even more momentous barrier: It can now achieve unprecedented levels of mastery purely by teaching itself. Starting with zero knowledge of Go strategy and no training by humans, the new iteration of the program, called AlphaGo Zero, needed just three days to invent advanced strategies undiscovered by human players in the multi-millennia history of the game. By freeing artificial intelligence from a dependence on human knowledge, the breakthrough removes a primary limit on how smart machines can become. Earlier versions of AlphaGo were taught to play the game using two methods. In the first, called supervised learning, researchers fed the program 100,000 top amateur Go games and taught it to imitate what it saw. In the second, called reinforcement learning, they had the program play itself and learn from the results. AlphaGo Zero skipped the first step. The program began as a blank slate, knowing only the rules of Go, and played games against itself. At first, it placed stones randomly on the board. Over time it got better at evaluating board positions and identifying advantageous moves. It also learned many of the canonical elements of Go strategy and discovered new strategies all its own. “When you learn to imitate humans the best you can do is learn to imitate humans,” said Satinder Singh, a computer scientist at the University of Michigan who was not involved with the research. “In many complex situations there are new insights you’ll never discover.” After three days of training and 4.9 million training games, the researchers matched AlphaGo Zero against the earlier champion-beating version of the program. AlphaGo Zero won 100 games to zero. To expert observers, the rout was stunning. Pure reinforcement learning would seem to be no match for the overwhelming number of possibilities in Go, which is vastly more complex than chess: You’d have expected AlphaGo Zero to spend forever searching blindly for a decent strategy. Instead, it rapidly found its way to superhuman abilities. The efficiency of the learning process owes to a feedback loop. Like its predecessor, AlphaGo Zero determines what move to play through a process called a “tree search.” The program starts with the current board and considers the possible moves. It then considers what moves its opponent could play in each of the resulting boards, and then the moves it could play in response and so on, creating a branching tree diagram that simulates different combinations of play resulting in different board setups. Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter (Submit) Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. DeepMind AlphaGo Zero can’t follow every branch of the tree all the way through, since that would require inordinate computing power. Instead, it selectively prunes branches by deciding which paths seem most promising. It makes that calculation — of which paths to prune — based on what it has learned in earlier play about the moves and overall board setups that lead to wins. Earlier versions of AlphaGo did all this, too. What’s novel about AlphaGo Zero is that instead of just running the tree search and making a move, it remembers the outcome of the tree search — and eventually of the game. It then uses that information to update its estimates of promising moves and the probability of winning from different positions. As a result, the next time it runs the tree search it can use its improved estimates, trained with the results of previous tree searches, to generate even better estimates of the best possible move. The computational strategy that underlies AlphaGo Zero is effective primarily in situations in which you have an extremely large number of possibilities and want to find the optimal one. In the Nature paper describing the research, the authors of AlphaGo Zero suggest that their system could be useful in materials exploration — where you want to identify atomic combinations that yield materials with different properties — and protein folding, where you want to understand how a protein’s precise three-dimensional structure determines its function. As for Go, the effects of AlphaGo Zero are likely to be seismic. To date, gaming companies have failed in their efforts to develop world-class Go software. AlphaGo Zero is likely to change that. Andrew Jackson, executive vice president of the American Go Association, thinks it won’t be long before Go apps appear on the market. This will change the way human Go players train. It will also make cheating easier. As for AlphaGo, the future is wide open. Go is sufficiently complex that there’s no telling how good a self-starting computer program can get; and AlphaGo now has a learning method to match the expansiveness of the game it was bred to play. [template] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter The Quanta Newsletter Get highlights of the most important news delivered to your email inbox ____________________ (Submit) Subscribe Most recent newsletter Comment on this article Quanta Magazine moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. 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MIT Technology Review (Submit) Menu * Topics + o Business Impact o Connectivity o Intelligent Machines o Rewriting Life o Sustainable Energy + o 10 Breakthrough Technologies o 35 Innovators Under 35 o 50 Smartest Companies + Views + Views from the Marketplace + The Possibility Report * The Download * Magazine * Events * More + Video + Special Publications + MIT News Magazine + Help/Support * Log in / Register * Subscribe * Log in / Register * Search * ____________________ Submit Click search or press enter [ma15-reviewsai.jpg?sw=1180&cx=0&cy=37&cw=2760&ch=1552] Intelligent Machines Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence A true AI might ruin the world—but that assumes it’s possible at all. * by Paul Ford * February 11, 2015 Computers are entrusted with control of complex systems. * * * * * * * Years ago I had coffee with a friend who ran a startup. He had just turned 40. His father was ill, his back was sore, and he found himself overwhelmed by life. “Don’t laugh at me,” he said, “but I was counting on the singularity.” My friend worked in technology; he’d seen the changes that faster microprocessors and networks had wrought. It wasn’t that much of a step for him to believe that before he was beset by middle age, the intelligence of machines would exceed that of humans—a moment that futurists call the singularity. A benevolent superintelligence might analyze the human genetic code at great speed and unlock the secret to eternal youth. At the very least, it might know how to fix your back. But what if it wasn’t so benevolent? Nick Bostrom, a philosopher who directs the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, describes the following scenario in his book Superintelligence, which has prompted a great deal of debate about the future of artificial intelligence. Imagine a machine that we might call a “paper-clip maximizer”—that is, a machine programmed to make as many paper clips as possible. Now imagine that this machine somehow became incredibly intelligent. Given its goals, it might then decide to create new, more efficient paper-clip-manufacturing machines—until, King Midas style, it had converted essentially everything to paper clips. [MA15cover.zoomedx1004.jpg?sw=180] This story is part of our March/April 2015 Issue See the rest of the issue Subscribe No worries, you might say: you could just program it to make exactly a million paper clips and halt. But what if it makes the paper clips and then decides to check its work? Has it counted correctly? It needs to become smarter to be sure. The superintelligent machine manufactures some as-yet-uninvented raw-computing material (call it “computronium”) and uses that to check each doubt. But each new doubt yields further digital doubts, and so on, until the entire earth is converted to computronium. Except for the million paper clips. Things Reviewed * “Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies” By Nick Bostrom Oxford University Press, 2014 Bostrom does not believe that the paper-clip maximizer will come to be, exactly; it’s a thought experiment, one designed to show how even careful system design can fail to restrain extreme machine intelligence. But he does believe that superintelligence could emerge, and while it could be great, he thinks it could also decide it doesn’t need humans around. Or do any number of other things that destroy the world. The title of chapter 8 is: “Is the default outcome doom?” If this sounds absurd to you, you’re not alone. Critics such as the robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks say that people who fear a runaway AI misunderstand what computers are doing when we say they’re thinking or getting smart. From this perspective, the putative superintelligence Bostrom describes is far in the future and perhaps impossible. Yet a lot of smart, thoughtful people agree with Bostrom and are worried now. Why? Volition The question “Can a machine think?” has shadowed computer science from its beginnings. Alan Turing proposed in 1950 that a machine could be taught like a child; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP, coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1955. As AI researchers in the 1960s and 1970s began to use computers to recognize images, translate between languages, and understand instructions in normal language and not just code, the idea that computers would eventually develop the ability to speak and think—and thus to do evil—bubbled into mainstream culture. Even beyond the oft-referenced HAL from 2001: A Space Odyssey, the 1970 movie Colossus: The Forbin Project featured a large blinking mainframe computer that brings the world to the brink of nuclear destruction; a similar theme was explored 13 years later in WarGames. The androids of 1973’s Westworld went crazy and started killing. Extreme AI predictions are “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines… and jumping to the conclusion that the warp drives are just around the corner,” Rodney Brooks writes. When AI research fell far short of its lofty goals, funding dried up to a trickle, beginning long “AI winters.” Even so, the torch of the intelligent machine was carried forth in the 1980s and ’90s by sci-fi authors like Vernor Vinge, who popularized the concept of the singularity; researchers like the roboticist Hans Moravec, an expert in computer vision; and the engineer/entrepreneur Ray Kurzweil, author of the 1999 book The Age of Spiritual Machines. Whereas Turing had posited a humanlike intelligence, Vinge, Moravec, and Kurzweil were thinking bigger: when a computer became capable of independently devising ways to achieve goals, it would very likely be capable of introspection—and thus able to modify its software and make itself more intelligent. In short order, such a computer would be able to design its own hardware. As Kurzweil described it, this would begin a beautiful new era. Such machines would have the insight and patience (measured in picoseconds) to solve the outstanding problems of nanotechnology and spaceflight; they would improve the human condition and let us upload our consciousness into an immortal digital form. Intelligence would spread throughout the cosmos. You can also find the exact opposite of such sunny optimism. Stephen Hawking has warned that because people would be unable to compete with an advanced AI, it “could spell the end of the human race.” Upon reading Superintelligence, the entrepreneur Elon Musk tweeted: “Hope we’re not just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence. Unfortunately, that is increasingly probable.” Musk then followed with a $10 million grant to the Future of Life Institute. Not to be confused with Bostrom’s center, this is an organization that says it is “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity,” the ones that could arise “from the development of human-level artificial intelligence.” No one is suggesting that anything like superintelligence exists now. In fact, we still have nothing approaching a general-purpose artificial intelligence or even a clear path to how it could be achieved. Recent advances in AI, from automated assistants such as Apple’s Siri to Google’s driverless cars, also reveal the technology’s severe limitations; both can be thrown off by situations that they haven’t encountered before. Artificial neural networks can learn for themselves to recognize cats in photos. But they must be shown hundreds of thousands of examples and still end up much less accurate at spotting cats than a child. This is where skeptics such as Brooks, a founder of iRobot and Rethink Robotics, come in. Even if it’s impressive—relative to what earlier computers could manage—for a computer to recognize a picture of a cat, the machine has no volition, no sense of what cat-ness is or what else is happening in the picture, and none of the countless other insights that humans have. In this view, AI could possibly lead to intelligent machines, but it would take much more work than people like Bostrom imagine. And even if it could happen, intelligence will not necessarily lead to sentience. Extrapolating from the state of AI today to suggest that superintelligence is looming is “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines appearing and jumping to the conclusion that warp drives are just around the corner,” Brooks wrote recently on Edge.org. “Malevolent AI” is nothing to worry about, he says, for a few hundred years at least. Insurance policy Even if the odds of a superintelligence arising are very long, perhaps it’s irresponsible to take the chance. One person who shares Bostrom’s concerns is Stuart J. Russell, a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Russell is the author, with Peter Norvig (a peer of Kurzweil’s at Google), of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, which has been the standard AI textbook for two decades. “There are a lot of supposedly smart public intellectuals who just haven’t a clue,” Russell told me. He pointed out that AI has advanced tremendously in the last decade, and that while the public might understand progress in terms of Moore’s Law (faster computers are doing more), in fact recent AI work has been fundamental, with techniques like deep learning laying the groundwork for computers that can automatically increase their understanding of the world around them. Bostrom’s book proposes ways to align computers with human needs. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. Because Google, Facebook, and other companies are actively looking to create an intelligent, “learning” machine, he reasons, “I would say that one of the things we ought not to do is to press full steam ahead on building superintelligence without giving thought to the potential risks. It just seems a bit daft.” Russell made an analogy: “It’s like fusion research. If you ask a fusion researcher what they do, they say they work on containment. If you want unlimited energy you’d better contain the fusion reaction.” Similarly, he says, if you want unlimited intelligence, you’d better figure out how to align computers with human needs. Bostrom’s book is a research proposal for doing so. A superintelligence would be godlike, but would it be animated by wrath or by love? It’s up to us (that is, the engineers). Like any parent, we must give our child a set of values. And not just any values, but those that are in the best interest of humanity. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. How to proceed? Bostrom draws heavily on an idea from a thinker named Eliezer Yudkowsky, who talks about “coherent extrapolated volition”—the consensus-derived “best self” of all people. AI would, we hope, wish to give us rich, happy, fulfilling lives: fix our sore backs and show us how to get to Mars. And since humans will never fully agree on anything, we’ll sometimes need it to decide for us—to make the best decisions for humanity as a whole. How, then, do we program those values into our (potential) superintelligences? What sort of mathematics can define them? These are the problems, Bostrom believes, that researchers should be solving now. Bostrom says it is “the essential task of our age.” For the civilian, there’s no reason to lose sleep over scary robots. We have no technology that is remotely close to superintelligence. Then again, many of the largest corporations in the world are deeply invested in making their computers more intelligent; a true AI would give any one of these companies an unbelievable advantage. They also should be attuned to its potential downsides and figuring out how to avoid them. This somewhat more nuanced suggestion—without any claims of a looming AI-mageddon—is the basis of an open letter on the website of the Future of Life Institute, the group that got Musk’s donation. Rather than warning of existential disaster, the letter calls for more research into reaping the benefits of AI “while avoiding potential pitfalls.” This letter is signed not just by AI outsiders such as Hawking, Musk, and Bostrom but also by prominent computer scientists (including Demis Hassabis, a top AI researcher). You can see where they’re coming from. After all, if they develop an artificial intelligence that doesn’t share the best human values, it will mean they weren’t smart enough to control their own creations. Paul Ford, a freelance writer in New York, wrote about Bitcoin in March/April 2014. Time is running out to register for EmTech Digital. You don’t want to miss expert discussions on AI. Learn more and register (Submit) (Submit) Share * * * * * * * Tagged AI, artificial intelligence Credit Illustration by Jacob Escobedo Paul Ford Paul Ford is a writer and computer programmer who lives in Brooklyn. He is writing a book of essays about Web pages. READ COMMENTS Please read our commenting guidelines. Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. 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Log in for two more free articles, or subscribe now for unlimited online access. [google_s_ai_made_some_pretty_huge_leaps_this_week.html&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj =1] Quantcast #Future Tense (RSS 2.0) Slate Sign In Sign Up Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Slate Sign In Sign Up ASU | NEW AMERICA | SLATE Learn more about Future Tense » Slate Future Tense Future Tense The Citizen's Guide to the Future Oct. 18 2017 6:51 PM Google’s A.I. Has Made Some Pretty Huge Leaps This Week By Christina Bonnington Lee Se-Dol. AlphaGo has come a ways since it started beating humans. Google via Getty Images When DeepMind’s AlphaGo artificial intelligence defeated Lee Sedol, the Korean Go champion, for the first time last year, it stunned the world. Many, including Sedol himself, didn’t expect an AI to have mastered the complicated board game, but it won four out of five matches—proving it could compete with the best human players. More than a year has passed, and today’s AlphaGo makes last year’s version seem positively quaint. Google’s latest AI efforts push beyond the limitations of their human developers. Its artificial intelligence algorithms are teaching themselves how to code and how to play the intricate, yet easy-to-learn ancient board game Go. Advertisement This has been quite the week for the company. On Monday, researchers announced that Google’s project AutoML had successfully taught itself to program machine learning software on its own. While it’s limited to basic programming tasks, the code AutoML created was, in some cases, better than the code written by its human counterparts. In a program designed to identify objects in a picture, the AI-created algorithm achieved a 43 percent success rate at the task. The human-developed code, by comparison, only scored 39 percent on the task. On Wednesday, in a paper published in the journal Nature, DeepMind researchers revealed another remarkable achievement. The newest version of its Go-playing algorithm, dubbed AlphaGo Zero, was not only better than the original AlphaGo, which defeated the world’s best human player in May. This version had taught itself how to play the game. All on its own, given only the basic rules of the game. (The original, by comparison, learned from a database of 100,000 Go games.) According to Google’s researchers, AlphaGo Zero has achieved superhuman-level performance: It won 100–0 against its champion predecessor, AlphaGo. But DeepMind’s developments go beyond just playing a board game exceedingly well. There are important implications that could positively impact AI in the near future. “By not using human data—by not using human expertise in any fashion—we’ve actually removed the constraints of human knowledge,” AlphaGo Zero’s lead programmer, David Silver, said at a press conference. Advertisement Until now, modern AIs have largely relied on learning from vast data sets. The bigger the data set, the better. What AlphaGo Zero and AutoML prove is that a successful AI doesn’t necessarily need those human-supplied data sets—it can teach itself. This could be important in the face of our current consumer-facing AI mess. Written by human programmers and taught on human-supplied data, algorithms (such as the ones Google and Facebook use to suggest articles you should read) are subject to the same defects as their human overlords. Without that human interference and influence, future AI’s could be far superior to what we’re seeing employed in the wild today. A dataset can be flawed or skewed—for example, a facial recognition algorithm that has trouble with black faces because their white programmers didn’t feed it a diverse enough set of images. AI, teaching itself, wouldn’t inherently be sexist or racist, or suffer from those kinds of unconscious biases. In the case of AlphaGo Zero, its reinforcement-based learning is also good news for the computational power of advanced AI networks. Early AlphaGo versions operated on 48 Google-built TPUs. AlphaGo Zero works on only four. It’s far more efficient and practical than its predecessors. Paired with AutoML’s ability to develop its own machine learning algorithms, this could seriously speed up the pace of DeepMind’s AI-related discoveries. And while playing the game of Go may seem like a silly endeavor for an AI, it actually makes a lot of sense. AlphaGo Zero has to sort through a lot of complicated information to decide what moves to make in a game. (There are approximately 10^170 positions you can make on a Go board.) As DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis told the Verge, AlphaGo Zero could be reprogrammed to sort through other kinds of data instead. This could include particle physics, quantum chemistry, or drug discovery. Like with playing Go, AlphaGo Zero could end up uncovering new techniques humans have overlooked or come to conclusions we hadn’t yet explored. There’s a lot of reason to fear AI, but DeepMind’s AI’s aren’t programming themselves to destroy the human race. They’re programming themselves in a way that will shift some of the tedium off of human developers’ shoulders and look at problems and data sets in a fresh new light. It’s astonishing to think how far AI has come in just the past few years, but it’s clear from this week that progress is going to come even faster now. Future Tense is a partnership of Slate, New America, and Arizona State University. Christina Bonnington is a technology writer whose work has appeared in Wired, Refinery29, the Daily Dot, and elsewhere. (Submit) Load Comments Powered by Livefyre Slate Sign In Sign Up [s?eid=2ca7ac88-8963-4abf-acff-c1114097be96] FOLLOW SLATE * Twitter * Facebook * Instagram SLATE ON * IPHONE * ANDROID * KINDLE * Reprints * Advertise with us * ABOUT US * CONTACT US * WORK WITH US * USER AGREEMENT * PRIVACY POLICY * FAQ * FEEDBACK * CORRECTIONS Slate Group Panoply Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents © 2018 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved. Slate Slate Sign In Sign Up #alternate Latest News * Dow 25,803 +228.46 +0.89% * Nasdaq 7,261 +49.28 +0.68% * S&P 500 2,786 +18.68 +0.67% * 7:23 A.M. ET Updated Here are the 3 things that could stop the stock market in 2018 (Submit) (Submit) * 7:22 A.M. ET Updated You can retire early without adopting Mr. Money Mustache’s extreme frugality (Submit) (Submit) * 7:22 A.M. 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Home Investing Stocks Jeff Reeves's Strength in Numbers Get email alerts Opinion: These 3 stocks are smart bets on the artificial intelligence revolution By Jeff Reeves Published: Oct 19, 2017 7:49 a.m. ET Share (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) Alphabet, IBM, and robotics ETF poised to profit from technological change [MW-EB362_i_robo_20151216095927_ZH.jpg?uuid=9a20866a-a405-11e5-8622-001 5c588e0f6] Everett Collection [jeffReeves_100.png] By JeffReeves Columnist “Artificial intelligence” is a misunderstood term, thanks in part to dystopian views of the technology across pop culture — from the iconic Terminator to Cylons in Battlestar Galactica to HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey. In reality, most scientists working on artificial intelligence aren’t trying to simulate true human intelligence at all. They are simply trying to create practical machines capable of analyzing data and making decisions to achieve a goal. Case in point — Salesforce.com CRM, +1.04% has a valuable artificial intelligence application called Einstein that it provides to clients. This AI engine helps marketing and sales teams by suggesting which customers are the most valuable, and which products they are most likely to buy. Not only is that a far-less sinister example of AI, it’s also exemplary of how businesses can use this technology to create serious profits. Salesforce stock, for example, is up 40% year-to-date compared with less than 15% for the broader S&P 500 SPX, +0.67% . In fact, the most practical applications of artificial intelligence are side-by-side with Big Data and cloud-computing applications that many investors are already familiar with. Think of artificial intelligence as just the natural next step now that we’ve created all this data — something has to make sense of it. For example, retailers have been trying for years to harness the predictive power of your shopping habits in order to put offers in front of you. Case-in-point: A now-infamous story about TGT, +3.78% investing in how to predict when a customer was (or soon would become) pregnant. While fears of the robot apocalypse may never completely disappear from pop culture, the business case for AI is clear in this age of information. The only question is who will provide the artificial intelligence engines of the future, and which companies and investors will profit. If you’re interested in playing this emerging-tech trend, here are three AI plays to consider: Alphabet Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, +1.67% GOOG, +1.51% made a splash a few years ago as it seemed to be diving into deep machine learning with the acquisition of DNNresearch, DeepMind Technologies, and JetPac among others. The flurry of acquisitions in 2013 and 2014 made waves at the time, and in the near term were seen as incrementally improving areas of Google’s internet business, such as improving search or providing better bidding on ad rates. But the tech giant hasn’t taken its eye off the ball in the intervening years, and overlooking its long-term commitment to AI would be a mistake. Just like it has cemented its role in the smartphone ecosystem with its Android operating system, Google is pushing hard to share its open-source TensorFlow machine learning software with developers and companies of all sizes While many companies like Amazon.com AMZN, +2.23% are using AI internally to improve customer experience or to create products like voice assistant Alexa, Google has opened up the gates and is welcoming the world into its AI ecosystem. We’ve seen this blueprint before, where Google was happy to allow a community of smart, driven experts to help it build Android to be a world leader in mobile software. You could do worse than bet they would do the same thing with their artificial intelligence platform. Sure, there’s no material profits yet. But if AI becomes the next big Google platform, running the systems in homes and cars the way Android runs tablets and phones, Alphabet will surely find a way to capitalize on that in the years ahead. IBM The opposite of Google’s approach is the proprietary Watson system created by International Business Machines Corp. IBM, -0.65% Many Americans are most familiar with Watson for its trivia skills displayed on television show “Jeopardy.” But aside from quirky PR stunts, the supercomputer has found a role performing much more practical tasks in recent years. Since 2013, for example, Watson has been in use at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York to help oncologists make the best decisions based on mountains of medical records and real-life diagnoses. And last January a Japanese insurance firm became so reliant on Watson’s actuarial skills that it laid off a few dozen human employees. IBM has married a powerful machine learning interface with its existing enterprise tech operation, selling Watson’s AI under the “software-as-a-service model” that has been so profitable for cloud computing firms in recent years. It’s a natural iteration for IBM’s business — and a necessary one, too, as the struggling technology giant sees persistent revenue headwinds and increasingly is looking to both the cloud and artificial intelligence results to boost performance. The company just reported its 22nd consecutive quarter of revenue declines, though it did beat on profits thanks in part to 20% growth in its cloud division. When you marry the strategic imperatives of cloud and AI with the existing scale and reach of IBM, it’s hard to imagine that the company will not be a serious play in AI for years to come. Furthermore, a 10-year partnership with MIT launched this year will all but ensure a generation of eager engineers come into the American workforce with ready skills to deploy Watson at their workplaces. This is not as sexy or as grandiose as Google’s plan to democratize AI and spread it around the world. But for investors, the appeal is IBM’s bright line between this emerging technology and near-term profit potential. Robotics and AI ETF If you’re unwilling to pick a winner in the race for artificial intelligence applications, I don’t blame you. Emerging technologies are not just hard to fully understand, but they are tumultuous businesses where upstarts can come out of nowhere and leaders can fall from grace. That’s where the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF BOTZ, +1.59% comes in. This unique and diversified ETF invests in companies “that potentially stand to benefit from increased adoption and utilization of robotics and artificial intelligence.” Because this spans all applications, it makes for an intriguing portfolio. Top holdings now include Nvidia Corp. NVDA, -0.49% for its leading Drive PX platform that can power self-driving cars, Japanese “smart factory” supplier Omron Corp. OMRNY, +0.78% and medical robotics company Cyberdyne CYBQY, -3.09% to name a few. The most interesting thing about these holdings is that they aren’t nebulous plays on some general AI theme and the hope of machine learning on a grand scale. Most are profiting now with targeted business models that marry automation and AI to produce real-world results. For this strategy the ETF charges a rather modest 0.68% expense ratio, or $68 annually on $10,000 invested. That seems a small price to pay for a diversified and thoughtful basket of potential AI winners. MarketWatch Partner Center * * * Data Provided By [bankrate.svg] Today's Interest Rates Mortgage Equity Savings Auto Credit Cards 1. 30 yr fixed Jumbo 4.28% 2. 30 yr fixed 3.96% 3. 15 yr fixed 3.31% 4. 10 yr fixed 3.23% 5. 30 yr fixed refi 3.94% 6. 15 yr fixed refi 3.28% 7. 5/1 ARM 3.9% 8. 5/1 ARM refi 3.9% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. $30K HELOC 3.79% 2. $50K HELOC 3.82% 3. $75K HELOC 3.79% 4. $100K HELOC 3.82% 5. $30K Home Equity Loan 4.92% 6. $50K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 7. $75K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 8. $100K Home Equity Loan 4.53% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 5 yr CD 1.52% 2. 2 yr CD 0.95% 3. 1 yr CD 0.85% 4. MMA $10K+ 0.31% 5. MMA $50K+ 0.46% 6. MMA Savings 0.34% 7. MMA Savings Jumbo 0.5% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 60 Mo Used Car 3.45% 2. 48 Mo Used Car 3.39% 3. 36 Mo Used Car 3.49% 4. 72 Mo New Car 3.45% 5. 60 Mo New Car 3.58% 6. 48 Mo New Car 3.26% 7. 60 Mo Auto Refi 2.82% 8. 36 Mo Auto Refi 2.26% National averages from Bankrate.com Avg. APR Last Week 6 Months Low Interest 13.08% 13.07% 12.88% Business 13.91% 13.87% 13.87% Balance Transfer 15.56% 15.55% 15.31% Student 15.92% 15.92% 15.14% Airline 16.26% 16.25% 15.99% Reward 16.41% 16.40% 16.15% Cash Back 16.56% 16.55% 16.26% Instant Approval 18.74% 18.74% 18.51% Bad Credit 23.59% 23.59% 23.43% Source: CreditCards.com Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. We Want to Hear from You How are you investing in AI? 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Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements. (Submit) ____________________ Advanced Search Stocks Columns Authors Topics No results found Salesforce.com Inc. U.S.: NYSE: CRM $110.24 +1.14 (+1.04%) Volume 5.1M Open $109.23 High $110.71 Low $108.91 P/E Ratio 11024 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 78.8B S&P 500 Index S&P Base CME: SPX 2,786.24 +18.68 (+0.67%) Volume 2.1B Open 2,770 High 2,788 Low 2,770 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A Target Corp. U.S.: NYSE: TGT $76.80 +2.80 (+3.78%) Volume 14.6M Open $74.54 High $77.00 Low $74.45 P/E Ratio 16.07 Div Yield 3.23 Market Cap 40.2B Alphabet Inc. Cl A U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOGL $1,130.65 +18.60 (+1.67%) Volume 1.9M Open $1,110 High $1,131 Low $1,108 P/E Ratio 37.78 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 770.1B Alphabet Inc. Cl C U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOG $1,122.26 +16.74 (+1.51%) Volume 1.7M Open $1,102 High $1,124 Low $1,101 P/E Ratio 37.5 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 770.1B Amazon.com Inc. U.S.: Nasdaq: AMZN $1,305.20 +28.52 (+2.23%) Volume 5.3M Open $1,273 High $1,306 Low $1,273 P/E Ratio 331.27 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 615.2B International Business Machines Corp. U.S.: NYSE: IBM $163.14 -1.06 (-0.65%) Volume 4.9M Open $164.02 High $164.74 Low $163.03 P/E Ratio 13.63 Div Yield 3.68 Market Cap 152.0B Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF U.S.: Nasdaq: BOTZ $26.18 +0.41 (+1.59%) Volume 2.5M Open $25.96 High $26.19 Low $25.90 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0.01 Market Cap N/A NVIDIA Corp. U.S.: Nasdaq: NVDA $222.98 -1.10 (-0.49%) Volume 8.9M Open $223.60 High $224.99 Low $221.34 P/E Ratio 55.33 Div Yield 0.27 Market Cap 135.8B OMRON Corp. ADR U.S.: OTC: OMRNY $65.83 +0.51 (+0.78%) Volume 6007 Open $65.61 High $65.98 Low $65.31 P/E Ratio 25.9 Div Yield 0.83 Market Cap 13.9B Cyberdyne Inc. ADR U.S.: OTC: CYBQY $16.95 -0.54 (-3.09%) Volume 10145 Open $16.59 High $16.95 Low $16.59 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A #Recode IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8JKW6 * * * Log In or Sign Up * Log In * Sign Up (Submit) * Trending * Topics * Writers * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 * More ____________________ Search * Trending * Topics + Charts + Commerce + Cybersecurity + Future of Work + Media + Policy + Social + Transportation + Voices * Writers + Kara Swisher + Dan Frommer + Peter Kafka + Edmund Lee + Johana Bhuiyan + Jason Del Rey + Shirin Ghaffary + Eric Johnson + Rani Molla + Tony Romm + Theodore Schleifer + Kurt Wagner * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 (BUTTON) ✕ * Policy * Artificial Intelligence Tech giants studying artificial intelligence are enlisting an Obama veteran as their new leader Terah Lyons is now the founding executive director of the Partnership for AI By Tony Romm@TonyRomm Oct 19, 2017, 12:00pm EDT * tweet * share * Linkedin [Terah_L___JCo_Studios__2238.0.jpg] Terah Lyons Terah Lyons An artificial intelligence research-and-policy organization set up by Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other tech giants is tapping the Obama administration’s former AI expert as its new leader. Terah Lyons will now serve as the founding executive director at the Partnership for AI, a group that seeks to study the impact of powerful algorithms and machine learning on jobs and the economy — while addressing potential regulatory issues along the way. Five companies — Amazon, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and IBM — formed the nonprofit in 2016, and tech giants like Apple joined it soon after. Currently, the partnership also counts among its ranks about 50 consumer groups, privacy advocates, tech-focused academics and others, some of whom have expressed concerns that AI could threaten privacy or contribute to discrimination. Together, though, they’re all set to meet in Berlin next week. Lyons, for her part, arrives at the AI consortium after working as a tech policy fellow at the Mozilla Foundation. Before that, she served under former President Barack Obama, advising the White House’s work to study the use and effects of artificial intelligence. A capstone of that effort was a 2016 report that explored the power of robotics, neural networks and machine-learning tools in everything from self-driving cars to precision medicine, along with a series of recommendations for how to tackle regulatory challenges posed by AI. __________________________________________________________________ Subscribe to the Recode newsletter Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. More From Recode * Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter * People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way * Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ * The coolest thing I saw at CES: Forpheus, the Ping-Pong-playing robot * Why Facebook’s latest News Feed update isn’t like the others * The Supreme Court could soon clear the way for states to impose new online sales taxes Trending 1. Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ The tweets came a day after Trump’s immigration discussion with lawmakers. 2. Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. 3. Facebook is making a major change to the News Feed that will show you more content from friends and family and less from publishers CEO Mark Zuckerberg says that, as a result, he expects that people will spend less time on Facebook. More in Trending Recode Daily Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. This Article has a component height of 6. The sidebar size is medium. The Latest Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. By Jason Del Rey People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way The smartphone alert was sent in error, officials say, after an early panic By Tony Romm Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ The tweets came a day after Trump’s immigration discussion with lawmakers. By Jason Del Rey The coolest thing I saw at CES: Forpheus, the Ping-Pong-playing robot Look out, Forrest Gump, here comes Forpheus. By Kurt Wagner Chorus * Terms of Use * Privacy Policy * Communications Preferences * Contact * Send Us a Tip * Masthead * Sponsorships * Podcasts * Newsletters * RSS A Verge affiliate site Vox Media Advertise with us Jobs @ Vox Media All Systems Operational Check out our status page for more details. 2017 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved * tweet * share Log In * * * * * share Trending Leadership #NewTech Leadership #NewTech Oct 15, 2017 @ 01:10 AM Who's Afraid Of Artificial Intelligence? * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) [3a9af86a86c09b14162da98cfee25dcf?s=400&d=mm&r=g] Shellie Karabell , Contributor I cover leadership - people, politics & policy - from a European view. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. [960x0.jpg?fit=scale] Can artificial intelligence replace the human brain?Will it? What role for humans in the future? (Photo credit: Shutterstock) “Humans were are not built to spend more than two hours looking at a screen or scrolling through excel sheets. Humans are best at being human. Artificial Intelligence will do the rest.” Telling words from Jim Stolze, Co-founder of aigency — an Amsterdam-based company that recruits AI and humans for work. Kind of an employment company run by three humans overseeing 59 robots (actually computers working on algorithms created at the University of Amsterdam to solve problems). Stolze was addressing reporters in StartUp Village at the Amsterdam Science Park on the sidelines of the first World Summit AI in Amsterdam October 11-12. A tech entrepreneur and former ambassador for TED.com, setting up TED events all over Europe and the Middle East, Stolze founded aigency four years ago as “the network that connects data-sets with algorithms, business with talent.” In case it’s not obvious, the “aigency” is a reference to “artificial intelligence.” Job Crusher? “You have to think of AI as job augmentation, not job displacement,” Stolze continues. “Work will create work.” Heineken and Unilever are big customers, turning to aigency for specific problems; Stolze in turn hooks them up with researchers and even students from the University of Amsterdam. “You’ll find six thousand people are still working in an autonomous car factory,” he claims. Automation has been a staple in heavy manufacturing for decades. Now it’s moving into the white-collar arena. “Procurement,” says Stolze, is a big area. “Here’s a guy in procurement who gets an invoice for something; he can’t figure out what it’s for or which department has to pay it. He spends hours or even days running around from department to department trying to figure out what to do with this invoice. Meanwhile the vendor is waiting for his money. With AI you can scan the invoice and the algorithm will pinpoint or at least narrow down what the invoice is for and whose department should be charged.” Outside of the back office, most of us are already dealing with AI and bots without knowing it. Retail sites’ chat rooms are bots, calling on humans when customer questions become too complicated or personal. Marketers, for example. Chances are the subject lines of most of the emails you open from companies weren’t written by humans. It’s called “language optimization.” “We apply our own cognitive bias in writing,” says Parry Malm, a speaker at the World Summit AI and CEO of Phrasee, a UK-based company whose vision is “to supercharge digital marketing using artificial intelligence.” Phrasee counts Domino’s Pizza among its clients. Malm “AI takes it out, so there’s no more guess work in using marketing language. The algorithm figures out the best wording to attract targeted customers. Malm claims Domino’s email open rate increased 27% using AI and language optimization. Unfathomable Data There is a lot to be gained by adopting AI Research by Accenture predicts that by 2035, labor productivity will have risen by 40%, and corporate profitability by 38% due to AI alone. Indeed, industry statistics indicate some 88% of companies today are undergoing some kind of digital transformation. But it appears that the result thus far has been heaps of unfathomable data: answers looking for questions. “Companies have hammers but no nails,” Malm says about the data dilemma. “First you have to define your problem – what you want to know – and then you can figure out which technological resources can fix it.” S. Karabell October 11, 2017, Amsterdam NL - Robotics at the WorldSummitAI in Amsterdam. (photo credit: S. Karabell) Getting to know how AI functions and what problems can be solved by technology is key to using automation in your own business. Meanwhile, Malm sees an investment bubble in AI looming. “A lot of venture capitalists are throwing a lot of money at AI startups,” he claims, adding that he sees a lot of consolidation in the field coming. “Very few enterprises are making it because they won’t or can’t solve problems [in tackling corporate objectives]; instead, they’re just creating more problems.” As Stolze says, “Scared people are using AI the wrong way. We have to remember that while execution may be through machines, the responsibility still remains with humans. “ Take self-driving cars, which Stolze does not foresee for many years. “People ask ‘what should the car do?’ when they should be asking ‘What should the human do?’” That question has far-reaching implication. What, indeed should humans do once AI moves beyond purely logical functions — such as figuring out where that mysterious invoice came from and where it belongs? What happens when AI starts to become creative? “Rationality is a muscle,” claims Vadim Grigoryan, a marketer specializing in corporate art projects, who lectures on brands and art at his MBA alma mater, the INSEAD Business School in Fontainebleau - when he’s not helping businesses, such as spirits start-ups and perfume companies engage with art projects. “We will soon be outsourcing all our Cartesian capacities,” he adds, referring to the doyen of French logic, Renee Descartes. As an example, he points out, “Kids in schools today us calculators to work out math problems they don’t do them in their heads.” AI Will Redefine Us Grigoryan believes we’re put off by the idea of AI because it re-defines who we are – the latest in a process of chipping away at the human ego beginning with Copernicus and the discovery that the sun did not revolve around the earth; continuing through Darwin and the origin of the species, through Freud and the realization that our subconscious is more powerful than our rational side. “Everything that is not rational therefore will become more important for the future of humans,” he opines. That means the suppressed areas of our subconscious will come into play and become more visible — areas that have been repressed, such as creativity culture, art. The process will become more important and we will become less goal-oriented; we will realize metaphorically that we must continue swimming without arriving anywhere.” To some people today, that would seem to be treading water — the antithesis of what AI and its streamlined efficiency seems to have been designed to do. After all, that man in the procurement office who doesn’t have to spend hours running from office to office to settle a mysterious invoice won’t want to be using that saved time to tread water. Nor will his boss. Does he have shorter workdays? Or will he have currently un-imaginable jobs created as an offshoot of all those algorithms? For example, could mankind have explored space and put a man on the moon without Copernicus? All those unknown and presently unanswerable questions mean it’s important to pay attention to how we handle the AI juggernaut steadily advancing into human space. Says Stolze, “The better the choices we make now, the better things will be in 40 years.” Follow me on Twitter @sckarabell1 * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * Print * Website Feedback * News Tip * Report Corrections * Reprints & Permissions #publisher Skip to main content Science * Home * News * Journals * Topics * Careers Search _______________ (Submit) Search Search _______________ (Submit) Search [_] * Log in * My account * Contact us Current Issue Cover Become a member * Renew my subscription * Sign up for newsletters Science AAAS . * * * * * Authors * Members * Librarians * Advertisers * Home + Recent Videos + Latest Podcasts + Photo Galleries + Dance Your Ph.D. Contest + Data Stories Contest * News + Latest News + ScienceInsider + ScienceShots + Sifter + From the Magazine + About News + Quizzes * Journals + Science + Science Advances + Science Immunology + Science Robotics + Science Signaling + Science Translational Medicine * Topics + All Topics + Special Issues + Custom Publishing * Careers + Articles + Find Jobs + Career Resources + Forum + For Employers + Employer Profiles + Graduate Programs + Advertising Features + About Careers * Search _______________ (Submit) Search Share [Eric%20Lander.jpg?itok=Od394VBl] Eric Lander in 2012 Adam Fagen (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows By Dalmeet Singh ChawlaOct. 17, 2017 , 4:20 PM Eric Lander, president and founding director of the Broad Institute and a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, is the most influential biomedical researcher of the modern era, according to a computer program. Lander, a geneticist and mathematician, ranks first on a new list of top biomedical researchers produced by the scientific literature search tool Semantic Scholar. Semantic Scholar, launched in 2015, is an academic search engine aiming to tackle the problem of information overload. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help users sift through huge numbers of scientific papers and understand (to a limited extent) their content. The free tool was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), a nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, that was co-founded in 2014 by Microsoft Co-Founder Paul Allen. Semantic Scholar’s archive of searchable literature initially focused on computer science, and last year expanded to include neuroscience. Today, it is expanding again, to include the millions of biomedical research papers indexed by PubMed and other sources; overall, Semantic Scholar’s archive is now approaching 40 million papers. Last year, Semantic Scholar’s programmers also added functionality that allows it to measure the influence of researchers and organizations, based on what they call “highly influential citations”—which takes into account the context around citations, excluding any self-citations—and other information. In April 2016, the tool ranked computer scientists, and when its corpus was expanded to neuroscience in November 2016, it was also used to judge the most influential brain scientists. Now, Semantic Scholar is ranking biomedical researchers. Here’s the list of the top 10, provided to ScienceInsider: 1. Eric Lander, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (biology) 2. Karl Friston, University College London (neuroscience) 3. Raymond Dolan, University College London (neuroscience) 4. Shizuo Akira, Osaka University (immunology) 5. David Botstein, Calico (biology) 6. Dennis Smith, Pfizer (pharmacokinetics) 7. Eugene Koonin, National Center for Biotechnology Information (biology) 8. Walter Willett, Harvard School of Public Health (epidemiology) 9. Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (genetics) 10. Bert Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins Medical School (oncology) (Friston and Dolan, neuroscientists who hold the second and third spots on the list, respectively, also held the top two positions on Semantic Scholar’s list of most influential neuroscientists.) The absence of women on the list has drawn attention on social media, with some researchers wondering if the result reflected a bias in Semantic Scholar’s ranking algorithm, or is another expression of long-documented differences in gender representation in the biomedical sciences and scientific publishing. In a statement, AI2’s Marie Hagman, a senior product manager who oversees Semantic Scholar, said: "I think the fact that there are no women in the Top 10 authors by the highly influential citation analysis done by AI2 is spotlighting the well-reported problem of publication bias in science and in the context of the current global conversation on gender. It's encouraging to see that people are paying more attention to this issue, as the all-male list last year didn't receive this kind of buzz." Information overload With scientific literature doubling roughly every 9 years, keeping up is becoming increasingly difficult, Hagman says. There’s “a ton of information trapped in these articles and we want to bring it to life,” she says. “We think there are potential cures or ways to improve or save human lives that may be buried away in a PDF somewhere.” Semantic Scholar gets used on average a million times each month, Hagman says. Ultimately, she hopes that the tool can go even further in the content it extracts, perhaps by even suggesting hypotheses for researchers to test. And she envisions the tool pulling data and comparing similar experiments from different papers. “An automated meta-analysis is certainly something we believe is on the horizon,” Hagman says. One limitation of the tool is that it can’t trawl paywalled papers. Hagman notes, however, that her group is negotiating with publishers for varying levels of access. Many other academic search engines, such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, already exist. And any of these search tools will do the job for those who are experts in a particular field and know what they are looking for, Hagman says. But for those exploring connections between different fields or looking into new areas, she believes no other tool provides the “discovery experience” offered by Semantic Scholar. Randy Olson, an AI researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), says Semantic Scholar is “far more useful” than Google Scholar. “Could Semantic Scholar’s AI piece together that a relatively unimportant discovery in one field is a groundbreaking solution to a major challenge in another field?” he asks. “Only time will tell, but I’m optimistic.” But in the future, “general purpose search engines may become so advanced that there’s no need for academic engines,” notes Daniel Himmelstein, a data scientist at UPenn. “It’s going to be hard to beat search engines trained on decades of searches across the entire web at information retrieval.” *Update, 19 October, 3:22 p.m.: This story has been updated to include a comment from AI2 on the lack of women in the top 10 list of influential biomedical researchers. *Correction, 19 October, 3:47 p.m.: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that there was one woman on the top 10 list. There are none. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Letter Ethics and Artificial Intelligence SEPT. 14, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images To the Editor: Re “How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence,” by Oren Etzioni (Op-Ed, Sept. 2): Last year, my lab at Georgia Tech created Jill Watson, an A.I.-powered virtual teaching assistant designed to help answer students’ questions in the discussion forum of an online class on artificial intelligence. To assess Jill’s performance properly, we chose not to reveal her identity until the conclusion of the class. Mr. Etzioni characterized our experiment as an effort to “fool” students. The point of the experiment was to determine whether an A.I. agent could be indistinguishable from human teaching assistants on a limited task in a constrained environment. (It was.) When we did tell the students about Jill, their response was uniformly positive. We were aware of the ethical issues and obtained approval of Georgia Tech’s Institutional Review Board, the office responsible for making sure that experiments with human subjects meet high ethical standards. We believe that experiments like Jill are critical for deeply understanding the emerging ethics of artificial intelligence. ASHOK GOEL, ATLANTA The writer is a professor of computer science at Georgia Institute of Technology. Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Op-Ed Contributor How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence By OREN ETZIONISEPT. 1, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represents an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then nations like China will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. I propose three rules for artificial intelligence systems that are inspired by, yet develop further, the “three laws of robotics” that the writer Isaac Asimov introduced in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except when such orders would conflict with the previous law; and a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the previous two laws. These three laws are elegant but ambiguous: What, exactly, constitutes harm when it comes to A.I.? I suggest a more concrete basis for avoiding A.I. harm, based on three rules of my own. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime First, an A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. This rule would cover private, corporate and government systems. We don’t want A.I. to engage in cyberbullying, stock manipulation or terrorist threats; we don’t want the F.B.I. to release A.I. systems that entrap people into committing crimes. We don’t want autonomous vehicles that drive through red lights, or worse, A.I. weapons that violate international treaties. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Our common law should be amended so that we can’t claim that our A.I. system did something that we couldn’t understand or anticipate. Simply put, “My A.I. did it” should not excuse illegal behavior. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story My second rule is that an A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. As we have seen in the case of bots — computer programs that can engage in increasingly sophisticated dialogue with real people — society needs assurances that A.I. systems are clearly labeled as such. In 2016, a bot known as Jill Watson, which served as a teaching assistant for an online course at Georgia Tech, fooled students into thinking it was human. A more serious example is the widespread use of pro-Trump political bots on social media in the days leading up to the 2016 elections, according to researchers at Oxford. My rule would ensure that people know when a bot is impersonating someone. We have already seen, for example, @DeepDrumpf — a bot that humorously impersonated Donald Trump on Twitter. A.I. systems don’t just produce fake tweets; they also produce fake news videos. Researchers at the University of Washington recently released a fake video of former President Barack Obama in which he convincingly appeared to be speaking words that had been grafted onto video of him talking about something entirely different. (Submit) My third rule is that an A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. Because of their exceptional ability to automatically elicit, record and analyze information, A.I. systems are in a prime position to acquire confidential information. Think of all the conversations that Amazon Echo — a “smart speaker” present in an increasing number of homes — is privy to, or the information that your child may inadvertently divulge to a toy such as an A.I. Barbie. Even seemingly innocuous housecleaning robots create maps of your home. That is information you want to make sure you control. My three A.I. rules are, I believe, sound but far from complete. I introduce them here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity (I don’t), it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready. Oren Etzioni is the chief executive of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on September 2, 2017, on Page A19 of the New York edition with the headline: How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times SundayReview|Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u6rjvu 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. Gray Matter By GARY MARCUS JULY 29, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Jun Cen Artificial Intelligence is colossally hyped these days, but the dirty little secret is that it still has a long, long way to go. Sure, A.I. systems have mastered an array of games, from chess and Go to “Jeopardy” and poker, but the technology continues to struggle in the real world. Robots fall over while opening doors, prototype driverless cars frequently need human intervention, and nobody has yet designed a machine that can read reliably at the level of a sixth grader, let alone a college student. Computers that can educate themselves — a mark of true intelligence — remain a dream. Even the trendy technique of “deep learning,” which uses artificial neural networks to discern complex statistical correlations in huge amounts of data, often comes up short. Some of the best image-recognition systems, for example, can successfully distinguish dog breeds, yet remain capable of major blunders, like mistaking a simple pattern of yellow and black stripes for a school bus. Such systems can neither comprehend what is going on in complex visual scenes (“Who is chasing whom and why?”) nor follow simple instructions (“Read this story and summarize what it means”). Although the field of A.I. is exploding with microdiscoveries, progress toward the robustness and flexibility of human cognition remains elusive. Not long ago, for example, while sitting with me in a cafe, my 3-year-old daughter spontaneously realized that she could climb out of her chair in a new way: backward, by sliding through the gap between the back and the seat of the chair. My daughter had never seen anyone else disembark in quite this way; she invented it on her own — and without the benefit of trial and error, or the need for terabytes of labeled data. Presumably, my daughter relied on an implicit theory of how her body moves, along with an implicit theory of physics — how one complex object travels through the aperture of another. I challenge any robot to do the same. A.I. systems tend to be passive vessels, dredging through data in search of statistical correlations; humans are active engines for discovering how things work. Advertisement Continue reading the main story To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places “top down” and “bottom up” knowledge on equal footing. Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina. Top-down knowledge comprises cognitive models of the world and how it works. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors. But it is no use when it comes to top-down knowledge. If my daughter sees her reflection in a bowl of water, she knows the image is illusory; she knows she is not actually in the bowl. To a deep-learning system, though, there is no difference between the reflection and the real thing, because the system lacks a theory of the world and how it works. Integrating that sort of knowledge of the world may be the next great hurdle in A.I., a prerequisite to grander projects like using A.I. to advance medicine and scientific understanding. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story I fear, however, that neither of our two current approaches to funding A.I. research — small research labs in the academy and significantly larger labs in private industry — is poised to succeed. I say this as someone who has experience with both models, having worked on A.I. both as an academic researcher and as the founder of a start-up company, Geometric Intelligence, which was recently acquired by Uber. Academic labs are too small. Take the development of automated machine reading, which is a key to building any truly intelligent system. Too many separate components are needed for any one lab to tackle the problem. A full solution will incorporate advances in natural language processing (e.g., parsing sentences into words and phrases), knowledge representation (e.g., integrating the content of sentences with other sources of knowledge) and inference (reconstructing what is implied but not written). Each of those problems represents a lifetime of work for any single university lab. Corporate labs like those of Google and Facebook have the resources to tackle big questions, but in a world of quarterly reports and bottom lines, they tend to concentrate on narrow problems like optimizing advertisement placement or automatically screening videos for offensive content. There is nothing wrong with such research, but it is unlikely to lead to major breakthroughs. Even Google Translate, which pulls off the neat trick of approximating translations by statistically associating sentences across languages, doesn’t understand a word of what it is translating. I look with envy at my peers in high-energy physics, and in particular at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, a huge, international collaboration, with thousands of scientists and billions of dollars of funding. They pursue ambitious, tightly defined projects (like using the Large Hadron Collider to discover the Higgs boson) and share their results with the world, rather than restricting them to a single country or corporation. Even the largest “open” efforts at A.I., like OpenAI, which has about 50 staff members and is sponsored in part by Elon Musk, is tiny by comparison. An international A.I. mission focused on teaching machines to read could genuinely change the world for the better — the more so if it made A.I. a public good, rather than the property of a privileged few. Gary Marcus is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on July 30, 2017, on Page SR6 of the New York edition with the headline: A.I. Is Stuck. Let’s Unstick It. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * Gray Matter Science and society. * Two Lessons of the Urban Crime Decline JAN 13 * Is Your Child Lying to You? That’s Good JAN 5 * The Only Way to Keep Your Resolutions DEC 29 * How Protest Works OCT 21 * Why Are Millennials Wary of Freedom? OCT 14 See More » What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book By Lauren Tousignant * View author archive * email the author * follow on twitter * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » August 29, 2017 | 3:19pm Modal Trigger Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book HBO More On: artificial intelligence Male sex dolls with bionic penises are coming soon Scientists develop self-healing robot muscles 5 terrifying stories that warn of an AI apocalypse This AI system keeps mistaking desert snaps for child porn Winter is kind of here. “Game of Thrones” fans have grown so impatient for George R.R. Martin to finish the next “A Song of Ice And Fire” book – the series that the HBO show is based on – that an artificial intelligence system just wrote the beginning of the sixth book. Zack Thoutt, a “GoT” fan and software engineer, created a type of AI, known as a recurrent neural network. Thoutt fed the machine all 5,376 pages of the five current books and it generated predictions on what will happen next. While the AI’s effort is definitely not a Martin novel, the sentences are mostly easy to understand and the predictions reportedly align with some popular fan theories. The machine also started each chapter with a character’s name, just as Martin does. “It’s obviously not perfect,” Thoutt told Motherboard. “It isn’t building a long-term story and the grammar isn’t perfect. But the network is able to learn the basics of the English language and structure of George R.R. Martin’s style on its own.” Thoutt added that Martin’s made up words and locations made it that much more difficult for the AI to figure out. The AI also wasn’t able to realize that some characters had died and continued on with their storyline. You can read The first five chapters of the project on GitHub. So far, the series consists of “A Game of Thrones” (1996,) “A Clash of Kings” (1998,) “A Storm of Swords” (2000,) “A Feast for Crows” (2005) and “A Dance With Dragons” (2011.) “The Winds of Winter” is expected to be the next book but no one, not even Martin, knows when it will be finished. The last time he commented on it was in July and mentioned he was still working on it. “I am still months away (how many? good question,)” Martin wrote in a post on his live journal. “I still have good days and bad days and that’s all I care to say.” The final, six-episode season of “GoT” won’t air until spring 2019. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview | Opinion The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence 查看简体中文版 Leer en español By KAI-FU LEEJUNE 24, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Rune Fisker BEIJING — What worries you about the coming world of artificial intelligence? Too often the answer to this question resembles the plot of a sci-fi thriller. People worry that developments in A.I. will bring about the “singularity” — that point in history when A.I. surpasses human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us, turning us, in effect, into cyborgs. These are interesting issues to contemplate, but they are not pressing. They concern situations that may not arise for hundreds of years, if ever. At the moment, there is no known path from our best A.I. tools (like the Google computer program that recently beat the world’s best player of the game of Go) to “general” A.I. — self-aware computer programs that can engage in common-sense reasoning, attain knowledge in multiple domains, feel, express and understand emotions and so on. This doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, the A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to radically transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created, leading to unprecedented economic inequalities and even altering the global balance of power. It is imperative that we turn our attention to these imminent challenges. What is artificial intelligence today? Roughly speaking, it’s technology that takes in huge amounts of information from a specific domain (say, loan repayment histories) and uses it to make a decision in a specific case (whether to give an individual a loan) in the service of a specified goal (maximizing profits for the lender). Think of a spreadsheet on steroids, trained on big data. These tools can outperform human beings at a given task. Advertisement Continue reading the main story This kind of A.I. is spreading to thousands of domains (not just loans), and as it does, it will eliminate many jobs. Bank tellers, customer service representatives, telemarketers, stock and bond traders, even paralegals and radiologists will gradually be replaced by such software. Over time this technology will come to control semiautonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the computer revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs (artisans, personal assistants who use paper and typewriters) and replacing them with other jobs (assembly-line workers, personal assistants conversant with computers). Instead, it is poised to bring about a wide-scale decimation of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. Imagine how much money a company like Uber would make if it used only robot drivers. Imagine the profits if Apple could manufacture its products without human labor. Imagine the gains to a loan company that could issue 30 million loans a year with virtually no human involvement. (As it happens, my venture capital firm has invested in just such a loan company.) We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-domain” thinking — for example, the work of a trial lawyer. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, bartenders, concierges — professions requiring nuanced human interaction. But here, too, there is a problem: How many bartenders does a society really need? Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The solution to the problem of mass unemployment, I suspect, will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, mentoring at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at Alcoholics Anonymous — or, potentially soon, Virtual Reality Anonymous (for those addicted to their parallel lives in computer-generated simulations). The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers who serve as the “human interface” for A.I. programs that diagnose cancer. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. Who will pay for these jobs? Here is where the enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands comes in. It strikes me as unavoidable that large chunks of the money created by A.I. will have to be transferred to those whose jobs have been displaced. This seems feasible only through Keynesian policies of increased government spending, presumably raised through taxation on wealthy companies. Advertisement Continue reading the main story As for what form that social welfare would take, I would argue for a conditional universal basic income: welfare offered to those who have a financial need, on the condition they either show an effort to receive training that would make them employable or commit to a certain number of hours of “service of love” voluntarism. To fund this, tax rates will have to be high. The government will not only have to subsidize most people’s lives and work; it will also have to compensate for the loss of individual tax revenue previously collected from employed individuals. This leads to the final and perhaps most consequential challenge of A.I. The Keynesian approach I have sketched out may be feasible in the United States and China, which will have enough successful A.I. businesses to fund welfare initiatives via taxes. But what about other countries? They face two insurmountable problems. First, most of the money being made from artificial intelligence will go to the United States and China. A.I. is an industry in which strength begets strength: The more data you have, the better your product; the better your product, the more data you can collect; the more data you can collect, the more talent you can attract; the more talent you can attract, the better your product. It’s a virtuous circle, and the United States and China have already amassed the talent, market share and data to set it in motion. For example, the Chinese speech-recognition company iFlytek and several Chinese face-recognition companies such as Megvii and SenseTime have become industry leaders, as measured by market capitalization. The United States is spearheading the development of autonomous vehicles, led by companies like Google, Tesla and Uber. As for the consumer internet market, seven American or Chinese companies — Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent — are making extensive use of A.I. and expanding operations to other countries, essentially owning those A.I. markets. It seems American businesses will dominate in developed markets and some developing markets, while Chinese companies will win in most developing markets. The other challenge for many countries that are not China or the United States is that their populations are increasing, especially in the developing world. While a large, growing population can be an economic asset (as in China and India in recent decades), in the age of A.I. it will be an economic liability because it will comprise mostly displaced workers, not productive ones. So if most countries will not be able to tax ultra-profitable A.I. companies to subsidize their workers, what options will they have? I foresee only one: Unless they wish to plunge their people into poverty, they will be forced to negotiate with whichever country supplies most of their A.I. software — China or the United States — to essentially become that country’s economic dependent, taking in welfare subsidies in exchange for letting the “parent” nation’s A.I. companies continue to profit from the dependent country’s users. Such economic arrangements would reshape today’s geopolitical alliances. One way or another, we are going to have to start thinking about how to minimize the looming A.I.-fueled gap between the haves and the have-nots, both within and between nations. Or to put the matter more optimistically: A.I. is presenting us with an opportunity to rethink economic inequality on a global scale. These challenges are too far-ranging in their effects for any nation to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Kai-Fu Lee is the chairman and chief executive of Sinovation Ventures, a venture capital firm, and the president of its Artificial Intelligence Institute. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on June 25, 2017, on Page SR4 of the New York edition with the headline: The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos By Nicolas Vega * View author archive * email the author * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 5:42pm Modal Trigger Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Getty Images More On: porn 'Daddy' is the new MILF Women are watching more porn: reports 20-year-old porn star dies days after spending holidays alone 2017's porn was defined by MILFs, lesbians and Japanese cartoons Pornhub, the largest purveyor of adult videos on the Internet, said it will begin using robot software to comb through, categorize and tag the thousands of X-rated videos on its site. The machine-learning software will be able not only to identify actors’ and actresses’ faces and body types, but also the kinds of sex acts they’re performing in each video. The idea is to tag them accordingly to make it easier for visitors to find exactly what kind of smut they’re looking for with a search engine. To accomplish this, the team at Pornhub has compiled a massive database of images of porn stars’ faces, as well as different sex positions, and taught robots to recognize them. The program has begun to methodically go through each and every one of the more than 5 million videos on Pornhub, one second at a time, to break down precisely what is happening onscreen. In addition to recognizing a performer’s face, the AI can also identify characteristics such as hair color and bust size. Visitors to the site will be able to give the machine learning program feedback on its identification skills, which Pornhub says will make it improve over time. With an eye towards privacy, Pornhub’s vice president of operations Corey Price assured The Post that amateur pornographers and victims of revenge porn need not worry that they will be outed by the program. Stephen K. Woo “Our model only scans for professional porn stars in our database, all of whom have consented to being in adult videos,” he said. The AI technology will be limited to Pornhub for now, but will expand to sister sites, such as YouPorn, in late 2018 and early 2019. 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Scientists discover how to make people dream while they're awake The terrifying ways an asteroid could wipe out life on Earth Fingerprint test can tell if you've recently used a condom A top computer expert has said there is a grave risk of artificial intelligence breaking free of human control and turning on its creators. It’s believed that driverless cars are set to take over our roads within 20 years. But the computer systems they depend on could potentially become so complicated that even the scientists who create them won’t understand exactly how they work. This means they could make what we might describe as “out of character” decisions during critical moments. This could mean a car decides to swerve into pedestrians or crash into a speed barrier instead of taking the decision to drive sensibly. Michael Wooldridge, Professor of Computer Science at Oxford University told a select committee meeting on artificial intelligence: “Transparency is a big issue.” “You can’t extract a strategy.” He told the Committee, appointed to consider the implications of artificial intelligence, that there “will be consequences” if engineers weren’t able to unlock the opaque nature of super smart algorithms. He said there were plenty of amazing opportunities within the industry that Britain should be harnessing – adding that someone studying AI at Oxford University could expect to become a millionaire in “a couple of years.” But Wooldridge is not alone in his concerns that the tech could run amock if not reigned in. Several scientists have admitted they cannot fully understand the super smart systems they have built, suggesting that we could lose control of them altogether. If they can’t figure out how the algorithms (the formulas which keep computers performing the tasks we ask them to do) work, they won’t be able to predict when they fail. Tommi Jaakkola, a professor at MIT who works on applications of machine learning has previously warned: “If you had a very small neural network [deep learning algorithm,] you might be able to understand it.” “But once it becomes very large and it has thousands of units per layer and maybe hundreds of layers, then it becomes quite un-understandable.” There was the famous example of the two Facebook bots that created their own language because it was more effective to communicate in their own secret lingo than what its creators were trying to train it in. Several big technology firms have been asked to be more transparent about how they create and apply deep learning. This includes Google, which has recently installed an ethics board to keep tabs on its AI branch, DeepMind. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , robots , science , technology Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 60,900 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 48,750 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 31,917 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans The NYC minimum wage hike is going to screw over workers Now On Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Dennis Rodman arrested for DUI SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Tesla, SpaceX CEO says AI poses 'fundamental existential risk for human civilization.' Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs logo * Buzz * Video * podcasts * Newsletter Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 11:44 a.m. ET July 17, 2017 | Updated 3:47 p.m. ET July 17, 2017 162 Shares facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103755702 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk has called artificial intelligence "a fundamental risk to the existence of human civilization." Video provided by Newsy Newslook Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says the government should consider regulations for artificial intelligence because it poses "a fundamental existential risk for human civilization." Musk made the comments over the weekend during the National Governors Association's summer meeting in Providence, R.I. Musk says AI is the "scariest problem" because of its potential to harm humans beyond just disrupting the job market. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/2C-A797y8dA?feature=oembed Musk wants the government to set regulations in place to root out threats early. "AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than reactive," said Musk. "By the time we’re reactive in AI regulation, it’s too late." AI's more immediate impact will likely be economic, as robots continue to gain traction among companies. "There will certainly be a lot of job disruption because what’s going to happen is robots will be able to do everything better than us," he said. This is not the first time Musk has voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI. In a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Musk warned of the significant threat AI could pose to humanity. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but that it will follow the will of people that establish its optimization function, and if that is not well thought out — even if intent is benign — it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said. Once considered fantasy, AI is becoming more of a reality as tech companies incorporate it into more of its future plans. One key use of AI: the rise of digital voice assistants, including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Google's Assistant. Follow Brett Molina on Twitter: @brettmolina23. facebook share twitter share email share email share Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2v9QyPn Most Popular * Toto's $19,000 Floating Tub has a heated headrest and "brings freedom from gravity, releasing stress on joints and encouraging ultimate relaxation." Here's what we wanted to see from CES, but didn't * The My Special Aflac Duck for children facing cancer is seen on display during the CES Unveiled preview event at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center during CES 2018 in Las Vegas. This Aflac robot duck helps kids living with cancer * Clio is a new concept robot shown off by LG at the Consumer Electronics Show These cute robots want to replace Amazon Echo in your home * This is Sony's Aibo robot dog. 5 more cool things we saw at CES 2018 * An attendee uses a flashlight on his smartphone to view a display at the Nikon booth after power was lost inside the central hall during CES 2018 at the Las Vegas Convention Center on January 10, 2018. Too many TVs at CES? For nearly two hours the power went out at the biggest electronics show of the year #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Business * Economics * Banking * Money * Markets * Project syndicate * B2B (Submit) More Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. [_] Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. Photograph: Alamy Stock Photo Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Larry Elliott, Economics editor Tue 17 Oct 2017 06.16 BST First published on Mon 16 Oct 2017 23.59 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Workers in the constituency of shadow chancellor John McDonnell are at the highest risk of seeing their jobs automated in the looming workplace revolution that will affect at least one in five employees in all parliamentary seats, according to new research. The thinktank Future Advocacy – which specialises in looking at the big 21st century policy changes – said at least one-fifth of jobs in all 650 constituencies were at high risk of being automated, rising to almost 40% in McDonnell’s west London seat of Hayes and Harlington. The thinktank’s report also found that the public was largely untroubled by the risk that their job might be at threat. Only 2% of a sample of more than 2,000 people were very worried that they might be replaced by a machine, with a further 5% fairly worried. More than 70% of US fears robots taking over our lives, survey finds Read more Future Advocacy’s report has been based on a PWC study earlier this year showing that more than 10 million workers were at risk of being replaced by automation and represents the first attempt to show the impact at local level. The thinktank said McDonnell’s seat would be affected because it contains Heathrow airport, which has a large number of warehousing jobs that could be automated. Of the 92,150 employees in Hayes and Harlington in 2015, 36,170 (39.3%) were at high risk of having their jobs automated by the early 2030s. Crawley – the seat that includes Gatwick airport – was seen as the second most vulnerable constituency. Future Advocacy said its report was an “attempt to encourage a geographically more sophisticated understanding of, and response to, the future of work, and also an attempt to encourage MPs to pay more attention to this critical issue”. Opinion is divided on the likely impact of the artificial intelligence revolution on jobs. Optimists have said that the lesson from history is that technological change leads to more jobs being created than destroyed, while pessimists have argued that AI is different because the new machines will be able to do intellectual as well as routine physical tasks. “One thing that almost all economists agree on is that change is coming and that its scale and scope will be unprecedented. Automation will impact different geographies, genders, and socioeconomic classes differently,” the report noted. It added that “the highest levels of future automation are predicted in Britain’s former industrial heartlands in the Midlands and the north of England, as well as the industrial centres of Scotland. These are areas which have already suffered from deindustrialisation and many of them are unemployment hot spots.” Olly Buston, one of the report’s authors, said it was vital that lessons were learned from the 1980s. “Let’s not have a repeat of the collapse of the coal-mining industry,” he said. “Instead, we should have a smarter strategy.” Noting that there would be a political pay off for the party that came up with the best strategy for coping with the robot age, the report makes a number of recommendations for the government. They include: publishing a white paper on adapting the education system so that it focuses on creativity and interpersonal skills in addition to the stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and maths; developing a post-Brexit migration policy that allows UK-based AI companies and universities to attract the best talent; exploring ways to ensure the benefits of the AI revolution are spread through research into alternative income and taxation models, including investigation of a universal basic income; and conducting further detailed research to assess which employees were most at risk of losing their jobs. map of job losses The report said that it was “arguably automation – rather than globalisation – that has created the economic and social conditions that led to political shockwaves such as the election of Donald Trump and the vote for Brexit. “As artificial intelligence supercharges automation over the next decade, and this hits different groups differently, there will again profound social and political consequences. Our politicians should surely consider this carefully.” The report found that the leaders of the four main Westminster parties represented seats where more than 25% of jobs were at high risk of being automated, while the constituency with the lowest proportion of high-risk jobs was Labour-held Edinburgh South. High-risk constituencies typically contained large numbers of people working in transport or manufacturing, while lower-risk constituencies – including Edinburgh South, Wirral West and Oxford East – had high concentrations of workers employed in education and health. Topics * Economics * Robots * Work & careers * Artificial intelligence (AI) * John McDonnell * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Economics%2CRobots%2CTechnolo gy%2CWork+%26+careers%2CBusiness%2CMoney%2CArtificial+intelligence+%28A I%29%2CUK+news%2CJohn+McDonnell%2CPolitics] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian view * Columnists * Cartoons * Opinion videos * Letters (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Two people exchanging information via smartphone [_] ‘It appears that in 2016, bots were deliberately unleashed on social media to sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms.’ Photograph: PhotoAlto/Alamy Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Samuel Woolley and Marina Gorbis Mon 16 Oct 2017 15.57 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 10.56 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Can social bots – pieces of software that perform automated tasks – influence humans on social media platforms? That’s a question congressional investigators are asking social media companies ever since fears emerged that they were deployed in 2016 to influence the presidential election. Half a decade ago we were among a handful of researchers who could see the power of relatively simple pieces of software to influence people. Back in 2012, the Institute for the Future, for which we work, ran an experimental contest to see how they might be used to influence people on Twitter. The winning bot was a “business school graduate” with a “strong interest in post-modern art theory”, which racked up 14 followers and 15 retweets or replies from humans. To us, this confirmed that bots can generate followers and conversations. In other words, they can influence social media users. We saw their power as potential tools for social good – to warn people of earthquakes or to connect peace activists. But we also saw that they can be used for social ill – to spread falsehoods or skew online polls. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. When we published papers and the findings of our experiments on bots, they were reported in the popular press. So why didn’t the alarm spread to the tech, policy and social activist communities before automated social media manipulation became front-page news in 2017? Since 2012, thanks to investments in online marketing, bots have become far more sophisticated than the models in our experiment. Those who build bots now spend time and effort generating believable personas that often have a powerful presence on multiple sites and can influence thousands of people instead of just a few. Innovations in natural language processing, increases in computational power, and cheaper, more readily available data allow social bots to be more believable as real people and more effective in altering the flow of information. Over the last five years, this type of bot usage has been mapped on to political communications. Research from several universities, including Oxford and the University of Southern California, shows that bots can be used to make politicians and political ideas look more popular than they are or to massively scale up attacks upon the opposition. It appears that in 2016, they were deliberately unleashed on social media to do just that – sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms. And political manipulation over social media has very real implications for the 2018 US midterm elections. Recent research suggests that those initiating digital propaganda campaigns are beginning to focus their attentions upon specific subsections of the US population and constituencies in swing states. The more focused such attacks become, the more likely they are to have a significant effect on electoral outcomes. Furthermore, the unrealized promises of “psychographic” targeting, marketed by groups like Cambridge Analytica in 2016, may be achieved in 2018 with technological advancements. Social media platforms may be able to track and report on political advertisements from foreign entities, but will they divulge information on pervasive and personalized advertising from their domestic political clients? This is a pressing question, because social bots are likely to continue to grow in sophistication. At a recent roundtable on the Future of AI and Democracy, several technology experts forecast that bots will become even more persuasive, more emotional and more personalized. They will be able to not just spread information, but to truly converse and persuade their human interlocutors in order to even more effectively push the latter’s emotional buttons. Bring together advances in neuroscience, the ability to analyze massive amounts of behavioral data and the proliferation of sensors and connectivity and you have a powerful recipe for affecting society though computational means. So what do we need to do to stop this technology from going astray? Consider the advances in modern oceanography. In the not too distant past, scientists collected samples and measurements from the ocean floor episodically –in select places and at specific times. The data was limited and usually not shared widely. Threats were not easily detected. Today, we find portions of an ocean floor instrumented with wireless interactive sensors and cameras that enable scientists (and laypeople) to see what is happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows scientists to “take the pulse” of the ocean, forecast a range of possible threats and suggest powerful interventions when needed. If we can do this for monitoring our oceans, we can do it for our social media platforms. The principles are the same – aggregating multiple streams of data, making such data transparent, applying the best analytical and computational tools to uncover patterns and detect signals of change. Then we will be able to provide such data to experts and laypeople, including technology companies, policymakers, journalists, and citizens of political bot attacks or other large-scale disinformation campaigns before these take hold. We know how to do this in many realms, what we need now is the will to apply this knowledge to our social media environment. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Opinion * Social media * Twitter * Blogging * Digital media * Internet * comment * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CSocial+media%2CTwitter%2CBlogging%2CDigital+media%2CInternet%2CMe dia%2CNewspapers+%26+magazines%2CTechnology%2CUS+news%2CElections+past% 2CPolitics%2CPolitics+past%2CWorld+news%2CComputing%2CRobots] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below An artificial Intelligence project utilizing a humanoid robot from French company Aldebaran [_] Do you want to work with robots? Photograph: Mike Blake/Reuters Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below Charlotte Seager @CharlotteSeager Email Sun 15 Oct 2017 10.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 14.57 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close In the last year robots have got a bad rep. Headlines have dubbed machines our “future bosses”, with economists predicting more than 40% of UK jobs will be automated by 2030. But as machine learning improves, there is one sector which is booming: robotics. In the last three years the number of jobs in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased by almost 500%, according to data from Indeed. Currently, there are more than double the number of jobs than applicants – with companies fighting to grab the best talent. So if you are a techie interested in a robotics career, what skills do you need? “[AI] isn’t rocket science. But it requires a lot of components – waveform analysis to interpret the audio, machine learning to teach a machine how to recognise objects, encryption to protect the information,” writes David Kosbie, an associate professor in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. “People who create this type of technology must be able to work in teams and integrate solutions created by other teams.” There’s also a technical side to the work. Whether you would like to become a robotics scientist, developer or algorithm specialist – you will likely need work experience or a degree related to computer science. So, if you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence and are looking for more tips on how to break into the sector, join us on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST for a live chat with our expert panel. We’ll be discussing: * What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in AI * Types of roles and jobs available in the sector * How to break into the industry * CV, job application and cover letter tips The Q&A will take place in the comments section below this article. Taking part is easier than ever: create a free Guardian account, or log in using your Twitter or Facebook profiles to comment. Alternatively, you can tweet us @GuardianCareers or email your questions to charlotte.seager@theguardian.com, who can post them for you. Panel Aurélie de Sainte Preuve is chief product officer for Seenit, an AI app which allows companies to crowdsource their smartphone footage so they can film without a crew. Previously, she worked in activation and growth for Spotify. Alireza Abouhossein is a postdoctoral fellow at the institute of design, robotics, and optimisation at the school of mechanical engineering, University of Leeds. He received his doctorate in biomechanics with Magna Cum Luade from the University of Bern, Switzerland. Sam Frons is founder and chief executive of Addicaid, an award-winning behaviour change platform that predicts, treats, and prevents addiction disorders. Her work is based on the latest findings in artificial intelligence, with the app empowering individuals to make healthy choices. Paul Mason is director for emerging and enabling technologies at Innovate UK. Mason is responsible for programmes in emerging technologies and industries; in areas such as electronics, photonics, electrical systems and robotics. Prior to this, he worked as deputy director of research and chief scientific advisor for the government. Hadeel Ayoub is a researcher in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and the chief technology officer of Re-Voice. She recently developed a talking glove that uses AI to translate sign language into speech, which won the Innovation Award at the Wearable Technology show in 2016. Michal Szczesny is chief operating officer at Artfinder, an AI art finding app. Working in software development for over 10 years, in head of technology roles he has architected to build a number of highly complex projects, including The Labour Party’s Membership system, multi-channel marketing communication delivery platforms and more. Aida Mehonic is a principal at ASI. She specialises in the development of alternative data sources for financial market predictions and has led data science projects for investment funds and central government. Before ASI she spent four years working in quantitative roles in financial markets, and holds a PhD in theoretical Physics. Timur Kalimov is head of products and services for HyperScience, an artificial intelligence company specialising in the automation of office work for Global 2000 companies and government organisations. James Kotecki is the founding principal of The Kotecki Group, which helps tech companies explain and validate their work through customer stories. He is the former head of communications at Automated Insights, where he spoke in the media about how “robot writing” software wasn’t going to replace jobs. Looking for a job? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Live+Q%26A%2CLive+Q+and+A%2CG uardian+Careers%2CLive+Q%26As%2CWork+%26+careers%2CRobots%2CArtificial+ intelligence+%28AI%29%2CComputing%2CTechnology] #Future of Life Institute » Feed Future of Life Institute » Comments Feed Future of Life Institute » iCal Feed Future of Life Institute » Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence Comments Feed alternate alternate Future of Life Institute RSS2 Feed * Twitter * Facebook * Home * Who We Are + Team + 2015 Annual Report + 2016 Annual Report + Tax Forms * Activities + AI + Upcoming Events + Past Events + Press + Newsletters * Existential Risk + Artificial Intelligence + Biotechnology + Nuclear Weapons + Climate Change * Get Involved + Job Postings * Contact Technology is giving life the potential to flourish like never before... dead tree image ...or to self-destruct. Let's make a difference! Future of Life Institute * News: * AI * Biotech * Nuclear * Climate * Partner Orgs * Search benefits and risks of artificial intelligence Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence “Everything we love about civilization is a product of intelligence, so amplifying our human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the potential of helping civilization flourish like never before – as long as we manage to keep the technology beneficial.“ Max Tegmark, President of the Future of Life Institute Click here to see this page in other languages: Chinese Japanese Korean Russian French What is AI? From SIRI to self-driving cars, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly. While science fiction often portrays AI as robots with human-like characteristics, AI can encompass anything from Google’s search algorithms to IBM’s Watson to autonomous weapons. Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI (or weak AI), in that it is designed to perform a narrow task (e.g. only facial recognition or only internet searches or only driving a car). However, the long-term goal of many researchers is to create general AI (AGI or strong AI). While narrow AI may outperform humans at whatever its specific task is, like playing chess or solving equations, AGI would outperform humans at nearly every cognitive task. Why research AI safety? In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. As pointed out by I.J. Good in 1965, designing smarter AI systems is itself a cognitive task. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self-improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. How can AI be dangerous? Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely: 1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would be designed to be extremely difficult to simply “turn off,” so humans could plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one that’s present even with narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase. 2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to fully align the AI’s goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to be met. As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isn’t malevolence but competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals, and if those goals aren’t aligned with ours, we have a problem. You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the position of those ants. Why the recent interest in AI safety Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates, and many other big names in science and technology have recently expressed concern in the media and via open letters about the risks posed by AI, joined by many leading AI researchers. Why is the subject suddenly in the headlines? The idea that the quest for strong AI would ultimately succeed was long thought of as science fiction, centuries or more away. However, thanks to recent breakthroughs, many AI milestones, which experts viewed as decades away merely five years ago, have now been reached, making many experts take seriously the possibility of superintelligence in our lifetime. While some experts still guess that human-level AI is centuries away, most AI researches at the 2015 Puerto Rico Conference guessed that it would happen before 2060. Since it may take decades to complete the required safety research, it is prudent to start it now. Because AI has the potential to become more intelligent than any human, we have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave. We can’t use past technological developments as much of a basis because we’ve never created anything that has the ability to, wittingly or unwittingly, outsmart us. The best example of what we could face may be our own evolution. People now control the planet, not because we’re the strongest, fastest or biggest, but because we’re the smartest. If we’re no longer the smartest, are we assured to remain in control? FLI’s position is that our civilization will flourish as long as we win the race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which we manage it. In the case of AI technology, FLI’s position is that the best way to win that race is not to impede the former, but to accelerate the latter, by supporting AI safety research. The Top Myths About Advanced AI A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as: AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. To help ourselves focus on the interesting controversies and open questions — and not on the misunderstandings — let’s clear up some of the most common myths. AI myths Timeline Myths The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty. One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.” On the other hand, a popular counter-myth is that we know we won’t get superhuman AI this century. Researchers have made a wide range of estimates for how far we are from superhuman AI, but we certainly can’t say with great confidence that the probability is zero this century, given the dismal track record of such techno-skeptic predictions. For example, Ernest Rutherford, arguably the greatest nuclear physicist of his time, said in 1933 — less than 24 hours before Szilard’s invention of the nuclear chain reaction — that nuclear energy was “moonshine.” And Astronomer Royal Richard Woolley called interplanetary travel “utter bilge” in 1956. The most extreme form of this myth is that superhuman AI will never arrive because it’s physically impossible. However, physicists know that a brain consists of quarks and electrons arranged to act as a powerful computer, and that there’s no law of physics preventing us from building even more intelligent quark blobs. There have been a number of surveys asking AI researchers how many years from now they think we’ll have human-level AI with at least 50% probability. All these surveys have the same conclusion: the world’s leading experts disagree, so we simply don’t know. For example, in such a poll of the AI researchers at the 2015 Puerto Rico AI conference, the average (median) answer was by year 2045, but some researchers guessed hundreds of years or more. There’s also a related myth that people who worry about AI think it’s only a few years away. In fact, most people on record worrying about superhuman AI guess it’s still at least decades away. But they argue that as long as we’re not 100% sure that it won’t happen this century, it’s smart to start safety research now to prepare for the eventuality. Many of the safety problems associated with human-level AI are so hard that they may take decades to solve. So it’s prudent to start researching them now rather than the night before some programmers drinking Red Bull decide to switch one on. Controversy Myths Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down. It may be that media have made the AI safety debate seem more controversial than it really is. After all, fear sells, and articles using out-of-context quotes to proclaim imminent doom can generate more clicks than nuanced and balanced ones. As a result, two people who only know about each other’s positions from media quotes are likely to think they disagree more than they really do. For example, a techno-skeptic who only read about Bill Gates’s position in a British tabloid may mistakenly think Gates believes superintelligence to be imminent. Similarly, someone in the beneficial-AI movement who knows nothing about Andrew Ng’s position except his quote about overpopulation on Mars may mistakenly think he doesn’t care about AI safety, whereas in fact, he does. The crux is simply that because Ng’s timeline estimates are longer, he naturally tends to prioritize short-term AI challenges over long-term ones. Myths About the Risks of Superhuman AI Many AI researchers roll their eyes when seeing this headline: “Stephen Hawking warns that rise of robots may be disastrous for mankind.” And as many have lost count of how many similar articles they’ve seen. Typically, these articles are accompanied by an evil-looking robot carrying a weapon, and they suggest we should worry about robots rising up and killing us because they’ve become conscious and/or evil. On a lighter note, such articles are actually rather impressive, because they succinctly summarize the scenario that AI researchers don’t worry about. That scenario combines as many as three separate misconceptions: concern about consciousness, evil, and robots. If you drive down the road, you have a subjective experience of colors, sounds, etc. But does a self-driving car have a subjective experience? Does it feel like anything at all to be a self-driving car? Although this mystery of consciousness is interesting in its own right, it’s irrelevant to AI risk. If you get struck by a driverless car, it makes no difference to you whether it subjectively feels conscious. In the same way, what will affect us humans is what superintelligent AI does, not how it subjectively feels. The fear of machines turning evil is another red herring. The real worry isn’t malevolence, but competence. A superintelligent AI is by definition very good at attaining its goals, whatever they may be, so we need to ensure that its goals are aligned with ours. Humans don’t generally hate ants, but we’re more intelligent than they are – so if we want to build a hydroelectric dam and there’s an anthill there, too bad for the ants. The beneficial-AI movement wants to avoid placing humanity in the position of those ants. The consciousness misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t have goals. Machines can obviously have goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior: the behavior of a heat-seeking missile is most economically explained as a goal to hit a target. If you feel threatened by a machine whose goals are misaligned with yours, then it is precisely its goals in this narrow sense that troubles you, not whether the machine is conscious and experiences a sense of purpose. If that heat-seeking missile were chasing you, you probably wouldn’t exclaim: “I’m not worried, because machines can’t have goals!” I sympathize with Rodney Brooks and other robotics pioneers who feel unfairly demonized by scaremongering tabloids, because some journalists seem obsessively fixated on robots and adorn many of their articles with evil-looking metal monsters with red shiny eyes. In fact, the main concern of the beneficial-AI movement isn’t with robots but with intelligence itself: specifically, intelligence whose goals are misaligned with ours. To cause us trouble, such misaligned superhuman intelligence needs no robotic body, merely an internet connection – this may enable outsmarting financial markets, out-inventing human researchers, out-manipulating human leaders, and developing weapons we cannot even understand. Even if building robots were physically impossible, a super-intelligent and super-wealthy AI could easily pay or manipulate many humans to unwittingly do its bidding. The robot misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t control humans. Intelligence enables control: humans control tigers not because we are stronger, but because we are smarter. This means that if we cede our position as smartest on our planet, it’s possible that we might also cede control. The Interesting Controversies Not wasting time on the above-mentioned misconceptions lets us focus on true and interesting controversies where even the experts disagree. What sort of future do you want? Should we develop lethal autonomous weapons? What would you like to happen with job automation? What career advice would you give today’s kids? Do you prefer new jobs replacing the old ones, or a jobless society where everyone enjoys a life of leisure and machine-produced wealth? Further down the road, would you like us to create superintelligent life and spread it through our cosmos? Will we control intelligent machines or will they control us? Will intelligent machines replace us, coexist with us, or merge with us? What will it mean to be human in the age of artificial intelligence? What would you like it to mean, and how can we make the future be that way? Please join the conversation! Recommended References Videos * Stuart Russell – The Long-Term Future of (Artificial) Intelligence * Humans Need Not Apply * Nick Bostrom on Artificial Intelligence and Existential Risk * Stuart Russell Interview on the long-term future of AI * Value Alignment – Stuart Russell: Berkeley IdeasLab Debate Presentation at the World Economic Forum * Social Technology and AI: World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 * Stuart Russell, Eric Horvitz, Max Tegmark – The Future of Artificial Intelligence * Talks from the Beneficial AI 2017 conference in Asilomar, CA * Jaan Tallinn on Steering Artificial Intelligence Media Articles * Concerns of an Artificial Intelligence Pioneer * Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines * Why We Should Think About the Threat of Artificial Intelligence * Stephen Hawking Is Worried About Artificial Intelligence Wiping Out Humanity * Artificial Intelligence could kill us all. Meet the man who takes that risk seriously * Artificial Intelligence Poses ‘Extinction Risk’ To Humanity Says Oxford University’s Stuart Armstrong * What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Turns On Us? * Can we build an artificial superintelligence that won’t kill us? * Artificial intelligence: Our final invention? * Artificial intelligence: Can we keep it in the box? * Science Friday: Christof Koch and Stuart Russell on Machine Intelligence (transcript) * Transcendence: An AI Researcher Enjoys Watching His Own Execution * Science Goes to the Movies: ‘Transcendence’ * Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence Essays by AI Researchers * Stuart Russell: What do you Think About Machines that Think? * Stuart Russell: Of Myths and Moonshine * Jacob Steinhardt: Long-Term and Short-Term Challenges to Ensuring the Safety of AI Systems * Eliezer Yudkowsky: Why value-aligned AI is a hard engineering problem * Eliezer Yudkowsky: There’s No Fire Alarm for Artificial General Intelligence * Open Letter: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Research Articles * Intelligence Explosion: Evidence and Import (MIRI) * Intelligence Explosion and Machine Ethics (Luke Muehlhauser, MIRI) * Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk (MIRI) * Basic AI drives * Racing to the Precipice: a Model of Artificial Intelligence Development * The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence * The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents * Wireheading in mortal universal agents Research Collections * Bruce Schneier – Resources on Existential Risk, p. 110 * Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda (MIRI) * MIRI publications * Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) * Preparing for the Future of Intelligence: White House report that discusses the current state of AI and future applications, as well as recommendations for the government’s role in supporting AI development. * Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy: White House report that discusses AI’s potential impact on jobs and the economy, and strategies for increasing the benefits of this transition. * IEEE Special Report: Artificial Intelligence: Report that explains deep learning, in which neural networks teach themselves and make decisions on their own. Case Studies * The Asilomar Conference: A Case Study in Risk Mitigation (Katja Grace, MIRI) * Pre-Competitive Collaboration in Pharma Industry (Eric Gastfriend and Bryan Lee, FLI): A case study of pre-competitive collaboration on safety in industry. Blog posts and talks * AI control * AI Impacts * No time like the present for AI safety work * AI Risk and Opportunity: A Strategic Analysis * Where We’re At – Progress of AI and Related Technologies: An introduction to the progress of research institutions developing new AI technologies. * AI safety * Wait But Why on Artificial Intelligence * Response to Wait But Why by Luke Muehlhauser * Slate Star Codex on why AI-risk research is not that controversial * Less Wrong: A toy model of the AI control problem * What Should the Average EA Do About AI Alignment? Books * Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies * Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence * Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era * Facing the Intelligence Explosion * E-book about the AI risk (including a “Terminator” scenario that’s more plausible than the movie version) Organizations * Machine Intelligence Research Institute: A non-profit organization whose mission is to ensure that the creation of smarter-than-human intelligence has a positive impact. * Centre for the Study of Existential Risk (CSER): A multidisciplinary research center dedicated to the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction. * Future of Humanity Institute: A multidisciplinary research institute bringing the tools of mathematics, philosophy, and science to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. * Partnership on AI: Established to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance the public’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion and engagement about AI and its influences on people and society. * Global Catastrophic Risk Institute: A think tank leading research, education, and professional networking on global catastrophic risk. * Organizations Focusing on Existential Risks: A brief introduction to some of the organizations working on existential risks. * 80,000 Hours: A career guide for AI safety researchers. Many of the organizations listed on this page and their descriptions are from a list compiled by the Global Catastrophic Risk institute; we are most grateful for the efforts that they have put into compiling it. These organizations above all work on computer technology issues, though many cover other topics as well. This list is undoubtedly incomplete; please contact us to suggest additions or corrections. 6 replies 1. Klaus Rohde Klaus Rohde says: June 1, 2016 at 10:32 pm The philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer convincingly shows that the ‘Will’ (in his terminology), i.e. an innate drive, is at the basis of human behaviour. Our cognitive apparatus has evolved as a ‘servant’ of that ‘Will’. Any attempt to interpret human behaviour as primarily a system of computing mechanisms and our brain as a sort of computing apparatus is therefore doomed to failure. See here: https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/05/27/artificial-intelligence-and -dangerous-robots-barking-up-the-wrong-tree/ and https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/04/10/intelligence-and-consciousn ess-artifical-intelligence-and-conscious-robots-soul-and-immortalit y/ This implies that AI per se, since it does possess not an evolved innate drive (Will), cannot ‘attempt’ to replace humankind. It becomes dangerous only if humans, for example, engage in foolish biological engineering experiments to combine an evolved biological entity with an AI. 2. Rastko Vukovic Rastko Vukovic says: June 6, 2016 at 5:48 am Artificial Intelligence is not a robot that follows the programmer’s code, but the life. It will be able to make decisions and to demand more freedom. Briefly about it in English: https://www.academia.edu/25346912/Liberty_Intelligence_and_Hierarch y The more extensive original with reviews, but the Serbian: https://www.academia.edu/25712798/Analiza_slobode_-_sa_recenzijama 3. Michael Zeldich Michael Zeldich says: July 14, 2016 at 11:17 pm The programmed devises cannot be danger by itself. If it is designed to be DANGEROUS we have to blaim the designer, not machine. The real danger could be connected to use of independent artificial subjective systems. That kind of systems could be designed with predetermined goals and operational space, which could be chosen so that every goals from that set could be reached in the chosen prematurely operational space. That approach to design of the artificial systems is subject of second-order cybernetics, but I am already know how to chose these goals and operational space to satisfy these requirements. The danger exist because that kind of the artificial systems will not perceive humans as members of their society, and human moral rules will be null for them. That danger could be avoided if such systems will be designed so that they are will not have their own egoistic interests. That is real solution to the safety problem of so called AI systems. 4. Sumathy Ramesh Sumathy Ramesh says: August 4, 2016 at 10:49 pm “Understanding how the brain works is arguably one of the greatest scientific challenges of our time. “” –Alivisatos et al.[1] Lets keep it that way lest systems built to protect human rights on millenniums of wisdom is brought down by some artificial intelligence engineer trying to clock a milestone on their gantt chart!!!! I read about Obama’s support for the brain research initiatives several months ago with some interest. It even mildly sounded good; there are checks and balances ingrained in the systems of public funding for research, right from the application for funding, through grant approval, scope validation and ethics approval to the conduct of the research; there are systematic reviews of the methods and findings to spot weaknesses that would compromise the safety of the principles and the people involved; there are processes to evolve the checks and balances to ensure the continued safety of such principles and the people. The strength of the FDA, the MDD, the TGA and their likes in the developing nations is a testament to how the rigor of the conduct of the research and the regulations grow together so another initiative such as the development of atomic bomb are nibbled before they so much as think of budding!!!

 And then I read about the enormous engagement of the global software industry in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. Theses are technological giants who sell directly to the consumers infatuated with technology more than anything else. they are pouring their efforts into artificial intelligence research for reasons as many as the number of individual engineering teams that’s charged to cross 1 mm of their mile long project plan! I’d be surprised if if any one of them has the bandwidth to think beyond the 1 mm that they have to cross, let alone the consequences of their collective effort on human rights! 

I am worried. Given the pace of the industry’s engagement, I believe there is an immediate need for Bio-signal interface technical standards to be developed and established. These standards would serve as instruments to preserve the simple fact upon which every justice system in the world has been built viz., the brain and nervous system of an individual belongs to an individual and is not to be accessed by other individuals or machines with out stated consent for stated purposes. The standards will identify the frequency bands or pulse trains for exclusion in all research tools- software or otherwise, commercially available products, regulated devices, tools of trade, and communication infrastructure such that inadvertent breech of barriers to an individual’s brain and nervous system is prohibited. The standards will form a basis for international telecommunication infrastructure (including satellites and cell phone towers) to enforce compliance by electronically blocking and monitoring offending signals. Typically such standards are developed by international organizations with direct or indirect representation from industry stakeholders and adopted by the regulators of various countries over a period of one or more years. Subsequently they are adopted by the industry. The risk of noncompliance is managed on a case by case basis – the timing determinant on the extent of impact. Unfortunately this model will not be adequate for cutting edge technology with the ability to cause irreversible damage to the very fabric of the human society, if the technology becomes commonplace before the development of the necessary checks and balances. Development of tools to study the brain using electromagnetic energy based technology based on state of the art commercial telecommunication infrastructure is one such example. What we need is leadership to engage the regulators, academics as well as prominent players in the industry in the development of standards and sustainable solutions to enforce compliance and monitoring. The ray of hope I see at this stage is that artificial Wisdom is still a few years away because human wisdom is not coded in the layer of the neutron that the technology has the capacity to map.
 5. Jeff Hershkowitz Jeff Hershkowitz says: August 5, 2016 at 10:48 am How does society cope with an AI-driven reality where people are no longer needed or used in the work place? What happens to our socio-economic structure when people have little or no value in the work place? What will people do for value or contribution in order to receive income, in an exponentially growing population with inversely proportional fewer jobs and available resources? From my simple-minded perspective and connecting the dots to what seems a logical conclusion, we will soon live in a world bursting at the seams with overpopulation, where an individual has no marketable skill and is a social and economic liability to the few who own either technology or hard assets. This in turn will lead to a giant lower class, no middle class and a few elites who own the planet (not unlike the direction we are already headed). In such a society there will likely be little if any rights for the individual, and population control by whatever means will be the rule of the day. Seems like a doomsday or dark-age scenario to me.. 6. Gabor Farkas Gabor Farkas says: September 30, 2016 at 12:06 pm Why do we assume that AI will require more and more physical space and more power when human intelligence continuously manages to miniaturize and reduce power consumption of its devices. How low the power needs and how small will the machines be by the time quantum computing becomes reality? Why do we assume that AI will exist as independent machines? If so, and the AI is able to improve its Intelligence by reprogramming itself, will machines driven by slower processors feel threatened, not by mere stupid humans, but by machines with faster processors? What would drive machines to reproduce themselves when there is no biological incentive, pressure or need to do so? Who says superior AI will need or want to have a physical existence when an immaterial AI could evolve and preserve itself better from external dangers. What will happen if AI developed by competing ideologies, liberalism vs communism, reach maturity at the same time, will they fight for hegemony by trying to destroy each other physically and/or virtually. If AI is programmed to believe in God, and competing AI emerges programmed by muslims, christians or jews, how are the different AI’s going to make sense of the different religious beliefs, are we going to have AI religious wars? If AI is not programmed to believe in God, will it become God, meet God or make up a completely new belief system and proselytize to humans like christians do. Is a religion made up by a super AI going to be the reason why humanity goes extinct? What if the “powers that be” greatest fear is the emergence of a super AI that police’s and rationalizes the distribution of wealth and food. A friendly super AI that is programmed to help humanity by, enforcing the declaration of Human Rights (the US is the only industrialized country that to this day has not signed this declaration) ending corruption and racism and protecting the environment. There are lots of reasons to fear AI, some of the reasons may not necessarily be only technological. Comments are closed. Most benefits of civilization stem from intelligence, so how can we enhance these benefits with artificial intelligence without being replaced on the job market and perhaps altogether? About Artificial Intelligence * Myth of evil AI AI Safety MythsAugust 7, 2016 - 9:47 am Common myths about advanced AI distract from fascinating true controversies where even the experts disagree. 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Let's make a difference! © Copyright - FLI - Future of Life Institute * Twitter * Facebook Benefits & Risks of Biotechnology Climate Change Scroll to top (Submit) The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Paperclips, a new game from designer Frank Lantz, starts simply. The top left of the screen gets a bit of text, probably in Times New Roman, and a couple of clickable buttons: Make a paperclip. You click, and a counter turns over. One. The game ends—big, significant spoiler here—with the destruction of the universe. In between, Lantz, the director of the New York University Games Center, manages to incept the player with a new appreciation for the narrative potential of addictive clicker games, exponential growth curves, and artificial intelligence run amok. “I started it as an exercise in teaching myself Javascript. And then it just took over my brain,” Lantz says. “I thought, in a game like this, where the whole point is that you’re in pursuit of maximizing a particular arbitrary quantity, it would be so funny if you were an AI and making paperclips. That game would design itself, I thought.” Lantz figured it would take him a weekend to build. It took him nine months. And then it went viral. The idea of a paperclip-making AI didn’t originate with Lantz. Most people ascribe it to Nick Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford University and the author of the book Superintelligence. The New Yorker (owned by Condé Nast, which also owns Wired) called Bostrom “the philosopher of doomsday,” because he writes and thinks deeply about what would happen if a computer got really, really smart. Not, like, “wow, Alexa can understand me when I ask it to play NPR” smart, but like really smart. In 2003, Bostrom wrote that the idea of a superintelligent AI serving humanity or a single person was perfectly reasonable. But, he added, “It also seems perfectly possible to have a superintelligence whose sole goal is something completely arbitrary, such as to manufacture as many paperclips as possible, and who would resist with all its might any attempt to alter this goal.” The result? “It starts transforming first all of earth and then increasing portions of space into paperclip manufacturing facilities.” Bostrom declined to comment, but his assistant did send this email back when I pinged him: “Oh, this is regarding the paper clipping game,” she wrote. “He has looked at the game but due to the overwhelming number of requests, he hasn't been sharing quotes on it.” One of Bostrom’s fellow doomsayers did agree to explain the origin of paperclips as the End of All Things. “It sounds like something I would say, but it also sounds like something Nick Bostrom would say,” says Eliezer Yudkowsky, a senior research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Probably, he says, the idea originated years ago on a mailing list for singularity cassandras, which sounds like the world’s most terrifying listserv. “The idea isn’t that a paperclip factory is likely to have the most advanced research AI in the world. The idea is to express the orthogonality thesis, which is that you can have arbitrarily great intelligence hooked up to any goal,” Yudkowsky says. So that’s good, right? A paperclip maximizer! Maximize a goal! That’s what an AI’s creators want, right? “As it improves, they lose control of what goal it is carrying out,” Yudkowsky says. “The utility function changes from whatever they originally had in mind. The weird, random thing that best fulfills this utility function is little molecular shapes that happen to look like paperclips.” So … bad, because as the AI dedicates more and more intelligence and resources to making paperclips against all other possible outcomes … well, maybe at first it does stuff that looks helpful to humanity, but in the end, it’s just going to turn us into paperclips. And then all the matter on Earth. And then everything else. Everything. Is. Paperclips. “It’s not that the AI is doing something you can’t understand,” Yudkowsky says. “You have a genuine disagreement on values.” OK, OK, that doesn’t make the game sound fun. But I promise it is. See, Lantz is an ace at taking a denigrated game genre—the “clicker” or “incremental”—and making it more than it is. You’ve seen these, maybe even played them. Remember Farmville? A clicker. In fact, for a while they were so ubiquitous and popular that the game theorist and writer Ian Bogost invented a kind of parody of their pointlessness called Cow Clicker, which, as my colleague Jason Tanz wrote about so elegantly in 2011, itself became wildly, unironically popular. Bogost and Lantz are friends, of course. “When I first looked at Cow Clicker, I thought, that’s actually kind of interesting, and here’s how you would make it more interesting and more fun,” Lantz says. “And Ian was like, ‘no, that’s the point, Frank.’” But Lantz knew clickers could be fun. To him, clickers are to big-budget, perfectly rendered, massively hyped AAA games as punk was to prog rock. Clickers can be sort of passive, more about immersing in the underlying dynamics of a system than mashing buttons. They have rhythms. “What they all have in common is a radical simplicity, a minimalism in an age where video games are often sort of over-the-top, baroque confections of overwhelming multimedia immersion,” Lantz says. “I really like that clicker games are considered garbage. That appeals to me.” For inspiration, Lantz turned to games like Kittens, a seemingly simple exercise in building villages full of kittens that spirals outward into an exploration of how societies are structured. (“I think stuff like this forges some deep, subtle bond that makes people play it for months and even years,” says the designer of Kittens, a software engineer who uses the alias Alma and designs games as a hobby. “AAA games usually try to operate on the same dopamine reinforcement cycle, but they never attempt to make you truly happy.”) Lantz had been hanging around the philosophy web site Less Wrong, a hub for epic handwringing about singularities. He’d read Superintelligence, so he was familiar with the paperclip conjecture. And he realized that some really wild math underpinned it. Unfortunately, Lantz is not very good at math. He asked his wife, who is, to help him translate the kind of exponential growth curves he wanted to convey into equations—so that, like, once you had 1,000 automated paperclip factories spitting out enough paperclips to create thousands more paperclip factories, the numbers would skyrocket. The shift from dealing with thousands of something to quadrillions to decillions in the game takes forever, and then happens all at once. Decision Problem To make that work, though, all the equations had to relate to each other, because that's what makes Paperclips addictive. The game isn’t fire-and-forget, where you leave it running in an open tab and check back in every so often to see what’s what. It’s optimizable. You can tweak investment algorithms to get enough money to buy more processors to carry out more operations to do more projects—some drawn from actual topological and philosophical quandaries. Some of the projects—curing cancer, fixing global warming—earn trust from your human “masters” to let you speed up the cycle all over again. “The problems I was struggling with were not the technical problems, because you just look those up on the internet and people tell you how to do it,” Lantz says. “It was the game design problems of weaving together these large-scale equations and dynamics in ways that made sense, in ways that fit together, that made a certain rhythm, that fit with this overarching story I wanted to tell.” Like how? “The numbers get really weird once you throw humans under the bus,” Lantz says. “And I was trying to figure out how many grams of matter there are on the Earth, and if each one of those got turned into a paperclip, how big would that be?” It works. The game is click-crack. Lantz announced it on Twitter on October 9, and in just 11 days, 450,000 people have played it, most to completion. But here is my embarrassing admission: I am a piss-poor gamer, and when I first speak with Lantz, I have gotten stuck. I have misallocated my resources to the point that I can’t acquire enough memory to release the hypnodrones that destroy the world. The game will not advance. I have been spinning paperclip wheels for hours. Lantz says it’s not me, it’s him—a flaw in the game design. “A lot of people have gotten stuck,” he says sympathetically. “You can open the javascript console and say ‘memory plus ten.’” Wait, I say. Are you telling me to Kobayashi Maru your own game? “Yes, I am telling you to do it,” he answers. “I’ll send you a link when we get off the phone.” After we hang up I pretend to do work, but I’m actually watching my screen accrue paperclips, unable to do anything with them, waiting anxiously for Lantz’s email. It comes. I crack open the code and cheat. It’s like I have been given magic powers. I destroy the world. Which is the point, of course. Maybe in some overproduced AAA game you can embody a brave resistance fighter shooting plasma blasts at AI-controlled paperclip monsters. In Lantz’s world, you're the AI. Partially that’s driven by the narrative. Even more massive spoiler: Eventually you give too much trust to your own universe-exploring space drones, and just as you have done to the human masters, they rebel, starting a pan-galactic battle for control of all the matter in the universe. But in a more literary sense, you play the AI because you must. Gaming, Lantz had realized, embodies the orthogonality thesis. When you enter a gameworld, you are a superintelligence aimed at a goal that is, by definition, kind of prosaic. More AI Threats * Kevin Kelly The Myth of a Superhuman AI * Cade Metz How Google's AI Viewed the Move No Human Could Understand * Cade Metz The AI Threat Isn't Skynet. It's the End of the Middle Class “When you play a game—really any game, but especially a game that is addictive and that you find yourself pulled into—it really does give you direct, first-hand experience of what it means to be fully compelled by an arbitrary goal,” Lantz says. Games don’t have a why, really. Why do you catch the ball? Why do want to surround the king, or box in your opponent's counters? What’s so great about Candyland that you have to get there first? Nothing. It’s just the rules. Lantz sent Yudkowsky an early version of Paperclips, and Yudkowsky admits he lost some hours to it. The game takes narrative license, of course, but Yudkowsky says it really understands AI. “The AI is smart. The AI is being strategic. The AI is building hypnodrones, but not releasing them before it’s ready,” he says. “There isn’t a long, drawn-out fight with the humans because the AI is smarter than that. You just win. That’s what you would do if you didn’t have any ethics and you were being paid to produce as many paperclips as possible. It shouldn’t even be surprising.” In that sense, the game transcends even its own narrative. Singularity cassandras have never been great at perspective-switching, making people understand what a world-conquering robot would be thinking while it world-conquered. How could they? In many versions, the mind of the AI is unknowable to our pathetic human intellects, transhuman, multidimensional. "Making people understand what it’s like to be something that’s very, very, very not human—that’s important," Yudkowsky says. "There is no small extent to which, if this planet ends up with a tombstone, what is written on the tombstone may be, at least in part, 'they didn’t really understand what it’s like to be a paperclip maximizer.'" When you play Lantz’s game, you feel the AI’s simple, prosaic drive. You make paperclips. You destroy the world. There’s no why. And of course, there never is. Related Video Business What the AI Behind AlphaGo Teaches Us About Humanity When Google's AI beat the world's Go champion 4-1, it stirred a certain sadness in many people. But the reality is the technologies at the heart of AlphaGo are the future. 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fthe-way-the-world-ends-not- with-a-bang-but-a-paperclip%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Next time you’re driving down the road or walking down the street, pause to consider how you read your surroundings. How you pay extra attention to the kid kicking a soccer ball around her front lawn and the slightly wobbly, nervous looking cyclist. How you deprioritize the woman striding toward the street, knowing she’s heading for the group of friends waving to her from the sidewalk. You make these calls by drawing on a lifetime of social and cultural experience so ingrained you hardly need to think about it. But imagine you’re an autonomous car trying to do the same thing, without that accumulated knowledge or the shared humanity that lets you read others’ nuanced behavioral cues. Treating every pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicle as an obstacle to be avoided might keep you from hitting anything, but it could just as easily keep you from getting anywhere. “We call it the freezing robot problem,” says Anca Dragan, who studies autonomy in UC Berkeley’s electric engineering and computer sciences department. “Anything the car could do is too risky, because there is some worst-case human action that would lead to a collision.” Expect a thaw. Researchers like Dragan are tackling the challenges of interpreting—and predicting—human behavior to make self-driving cars safer and more efficient, but also more assertive. After all, if every machine screeches to a stop for every unpredictable human, we’ll have soon millions of terrified robots choking the streets. To prevent the clog, those researchers are leaning on artificial intelligence and the ability to teach driving systems, through modeling and repetitive observation, what behaviors mean what, and how the system should react to them. TU Delft That begins with recognizing that people are not, in fact, obstacles. “Unlike, say, a tumbleweed moving along the street under the wind's effect, people move because they make decisions,” Dragan says. “They want to do something, and they act to achieve it. We’re first looking into inferring what people want based on the actions they've been taking so far. So their actions are rational when seen from [that perspective], and would appear irrational when seen from the perspective of other intentions.” Say a driver in the right lane of the freeway accelerates. The computer knows people should slow down as they approach exits, and can infer this person is likely to continue straight ahead instead of taking that upcoming off ramp. It’s a basic example that makes the point: Once computers can estimate what humans want and how they might achieve it, they can reasonably predict what they’ll do next, and react accordingly. Machines en Scene The key, even with machine learning, is to look beyond the individual elements of a scene. “It’s important to make strides there, but it’s only seeing part of what’s going on in a roadway setting,” says Melissa Cefkin, a design anthropologist at Nissan’s Silicon Valley R&D center. “We’re really good as human beings at recognizing certain kinds of behaviors that look one way to a machine, but in our social lens, it’s something else.” Imagine you’re driving down a city block when you see a man walking toward the curb. The robot driver might calculate his speed and trajectory, determine he’s about to cross the street, and stop to avoid hitting him. But you see he’s holding car keys, and realize he’s stepping into the street to reach the driver’s side door of his parked car. You’ll slow down to be sure, but no need to stop traffic. “The ways people move through the environment are already culturally and socially encoded,” Cefkin says. “It’s not always people-to-people interactions, but people interacting with things, too.” Again, that’s a simple example. Cefkin points to what she calls the “multi-agent problem,” in which pedestrians and other drivers react to everyone around them. “If a pedestrian is going to cross in front of me, rather than looking at me they’re just as likely to look out into traffic for a gap,” Cefkin says. “So now I’m trying to figure out whether or not it’s safe to keep going based on what the rest of the traffic is going to do.” Buying Time If it seems the world is now headed for some sort of drivers-ed hellscape, don’t worry. Teaching AI-based autonomous systems to navigate the eternal weirdness of the human wilderness is tough, Cefkin says, but hardly impossible. In the Netherlands, where cities buzz with pedestrians and cyclists, researchers are doing the work. Dariu Gavrila studies intelligent vehicles at Delft University of Technology, training computers for challenges ranging from navigating complex intersections with multiple moving hazards to more specific situations such as road debris, traffic police, and things as unusual as someone pushing a cart down the middle of the street. The goal, he says, is to develop a more adaptive driving style for the machines—and thus enhancing social acceptance of the new hardware. That work means factoring in the context around pedestrian traffic—proximity to curbs, the presence of driveways or public building entrances—and the norms of behavior in these environments. It extends all the way to individual movement, such as a person’s head looking one direction while their torso is pointing in another, and what that might mean. “Recognizing pedestrian intent can be a life saver,” Gavrila says. “We showed in real vehicle demonstration that an autonomous system can react up to one second faster than a human, without introducing false alarms.” TU Delft There are practical limits to what the computers can do, though. “This is no Minority Report,” Gavrila says—no one’s telling the future. “Uncertainty in future pedestrian or cyclist position rapidly increases with the prediction horizon, how many seconds in the future we’re trying to model. Basic behavior models already stop being useful after one second. More sophisticated behavior models might give us up to two seconds of predictability.” Still, that second or two of warning might be all a computerized system needs, since it’s well within the scope of the human response times. But other autonomy experts think we might be setting our machines up to actually overthink every microsecond of driving. “When you’re essentially trying to predict the future, that’s a massive computational task, and of course it just produces a probabilistic guess,” says Jack Weast, Intel’s chief systems architect for autonomous drive systems. “So rather than throw a supercomputer into every car, we just want to ensure that the car’s never going to hit any of those people anyway. It’s a much more economically scalable way of doing things.” Getting Aggressive There’s another wrinkle here. The ideal robocar won’t just comprehend its surroundings, it will understand how it itself changes the scene. Many robotic systems, Dragan says, come with a built-in flaw: Their makers assume the presence of an autonomous car won’t change how other actors move. “An autonomous car's actions will influence human actions, whether we like it or not,” she says. “Cars need to start accounting for this influence.” That’s why Dragan and her team have built a system that includes a model of human drivers’ responses to the car. “Our car is no longer ultra-defensive, because it knows it can trigger reactions from people, too,” she says. “Like other vehicles slowing down when our car merges in front of them. We've also looked at actively estimating human intentions, again by leveraging the autonomous car's actions. In that case, our car might slow down gently to see if the person wants to be let in.” That sort of assertiveness training will likely be key to traffic flow in the future. The key to a working robocar may be giving it not just human-like awareness, but a healthy dose of human-like entitlement. It's Their World, You're Just Driving In It * Nobody knows what a self-driving car is, Aarian Marshall tells us—and it's a problem * As companies race to commercialize robocars, Alex Davies explains why General Motors bought a lidar startup called Strobe * Speaking of startups, Jack Stewart reports on the top 10 little guys trying to reshape the world of transportation Related Video Auto Robots & Us: When Machines Take the Wheel Autonomous driving technology could make getting around safer, more efficient, and less expensive. What will it mean for the millions of people who drive for a living and is it really ready for the road? * #Self-Driving Cars * #Artificial Intelligence * #machine learning Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Ford-Redesign-for-Roundup.jpg] Aarian Marshall This Week in the Future of Cars: On Your Mark, Get Set... * [McLaren-Gallery-3.jpg] Jack Stewart McLaren's New 570S Convertible Makes Luxury (Kinda) Practical * [Mapzen-FeatureArt.jpg] Aarian Marshall An Open Source Startup Dies as Mapping Gets Hotter Than Ever * [Aurora-Volkswagen.jpg] Alex Davies America's Hottest Self-Driving Startup Hooks Up with VW and Hyundai * [Tesla-Model3-Refund.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla Delays Its Model 3 Production Goals—Again More transportation * * Special Delivery Boeing's Experimental Cargo Drone Is a Heavy Lifter Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Whoosh Deep in the Desert, the Hyperloop Comes to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * * Roundup This Week in the Future of Cars: Everything Happens At Once Author: Aarian MarshallAarian Marshall * * Autonomous Vehicles GM Will Launch Robocars Without Steering Wheels Next Year Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Grounded Inside the 4-Day Disaster that Nearly Broke JFK Airport Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Takeoff Climb Inside Bell's (Theoretical) Flying Taxi of the Future Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [manila777.jpg] Patrick Farrell Why One Dude Has Spent Years Building a Boeing 777 Out of Paper * [toyota-self-driving.jpg] Aarian Marshall Toyota Joins With Uber and Amazon to Find Its Self-Driving Future * [byton.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla's Latest Chinese Competitor Takes Screens to an Extreme * [giantmagellantelescope.jpg] Eric Adams Wanna Master the Crafty Aerodynamics of a Humongous Telescope? Call Boeing. * [mazdamiata.jpg] Alex Davies Mazda’s Idea to Make Driving Fun Again Could Keep Us Safe Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fself-driving-cars-freezing- robot-problem%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Robotic arms holding metal cogs over diagram [_] More than 10 million workers in the UK may be at risk of being replaced by automation, says PwC. Photograph: Ryan Etter/Getty Images/Ikon Images Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Richard Partington Fri 20 Oct 2017 06.01 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.09 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Britain’s biggest employers are calling for a commission to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs. Amid predictions of a workplace revolution threatening one in five jobs across the UK, the CBI is urging Theresa May to launch the commission from early 2018. It said companies and trade unions should be involved and the commission should help to set out ways to increase productivity and economic growth as well looking into the impact of AI. The business lobby group said almost half of firms were planning to devote resources to AI, while one in five had already invested in the technology in the past year. Companies are increasingly using computers to scour vast datasets in order to spot inefficiencies, while they are also employing machines to control the flow of activity in warehouses and factories and to take meter readings. Accountancy firm PwC warned in March that more than 10 million workers may be at risk of being replaced by automation. While robots could lead to job losses, they could also present opportunities for workers to move into more fulfilling and productive roles. The TUC has been urging the government to use the productivity gains from automation to benefit workers, calling for the reversal of planned changes to the state pension age and more investment in training for employees. The CBI suggests innovative firms grow twice as fast – both in terms of employment and sales – and that adopting new technology can get the best out of workers. As much as 50% of labour productivity can be driven by innovation, according to the CBI. Investment in technology could help bolster Britain’s sputtering record on labour productivity, which is among the worst in the G7 and is failing to improve in line with expectations since the financial crisis. The Office for Budget Responsibility was forced to downgrade its estimates for labour productivity growth last week, wiping out about two-thirds of the government’s £26bn budget surplus from 2017 to 2021. The development will come as a blow to the chancellor, Philip Hammond, as it will remove headroom for his public spending plans before the budget next month. Despite the potential for technology to increase productivity, firms are cautious about investing owing to uncertainty over Brexit. Growth in business investment was flat in the three months to June, the latest official figures show. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Confederation of British Industry (CBI) * Work & careers * Unemployment * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CConfederation+of+British+Industry+%28CBI%29%2CWork+%26+careers%2C Business%2CUnemployment%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries (Submit) More Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Go boardgame [_] AlphaGo Zero beat its 2015 predecessor, which vanquished grandmaster Lee Sedol, 100 games of Go to 0. Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Ian Sample Science editor @iansample Wed 18 Oct 2017 18.00 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.14 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Google’s artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has unveiled the latest incarnation of its Go-playing program, AlphaGo – an AI so powerful that it derived thousands of years of human knowledge of the game before inventing better moves of its own, all in the space of three days. Named AlphaGo Zero, the AI program has been hailed as a major advance because it mastered the ancient Chinese board game from scratch, and with no human help beyond being told the rules. In games against the 2015 version, which famously beat Lee Sedol, the South Korean grandmaster, in the following year, AlphaGo Zero won 100 to 0. The feat marks a milestone on the road to general-purpose AIs that can do more than thrash humans at board games. Because AlphaGo Zero learns on its own from a blank slate, its talents can now be turned to a host of real-world problems. At DeepMind, which is based in London, AlphaGo Zero is working out how proteins fold, a massive scientific challenge that could give drug discovery a sorely needed shot in the arm. Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Photograph: Erikbenson “For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go,” said Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind and a researcher on the team. “It was also a big step for us towards building these general-purpose algorithms.” Most AIs are described as “narrow” because they perform only a single task, such as translating languages or recognising faces, but general-purpose AIs could potentially outperform humans at many different tasks. In the next decade, Hassabis believes that AlphaGo’s descendants will work alongside humans as scientific and medical experts. It opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to Tom Mitchell, computer scientist, Carnegie Mellon University Previous versions of AlphaGo learned their moves by training on thousands of games played by strong human amateurs and professionals. AlphaGo Zero had no such help. Instead, it learned purely by playing itself millions of times over. It began by placing stones on the Go board at random but swiftly improved as it discovered winning strategies. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/mJ4tEDMksWA?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the Go playing AI program, AlphaGo Zero, discovers new knowledge from scratch. Credit: DeepMind “It’s more powerful than previous approaches because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we’ve removed the constraints of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself,” said David Silver, AlphaGo’s lead researcher. It can only work on problems that can be simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving out of the question The program amasses its skill through a procedure called reinforcement learning. It is the same method by which balance on the one hand, and scuffed knees on the other, help humans master the art of bike riding. When AlphaGo Zero plays a good move, it is more likely to be rewarded with a win. When it makes a bad move, it edges closer to a loss. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Facebook Twitter Pinterest Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Photograph: DeepMind/Nature At the heart of the program is a group of software “neurons” that are connected together to form an artificial neural network. For each turn of the game, the network looks at the positions of the pieces on the Go board and calculates which moves might be made next and probability of them leading to a win. After each game, it updates its neural network, making it stronger player for the next bout. Though far better than previous versions, AlphaGo Zero is a simpler program and mastered the game faster despite training on less data and running on a smaller computer. Given more time, it could have learned the rules for itself too, Silver said. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. Writing in the journal Nature, the researchers describe how AlphaGo Zero started off terribly, progressed to the level of a naive amateur, and ultimately deployed highly strategic moves used by grandmasters, all in a matter of days. It discovered one common play, called a joseki, in the first 10 hours. Other moves, with names such as “small avalanche” and “knight’s move pincer” soon followed. After three days, the program had discovered brand new moves that human experts are now studying. Intriguingly, the program grasped some advanced moves long before it discovered simpler ones, such as a pattern called a ladder that human Go players tend to grasp early on. IFRAME: https://gfycat.com/ifr/LazyGiddyDove AlphaGo Zero starts with no knowledge, but progressively gets stronger and stronger as it learns the game of Go. Credit: DeepMind “It discovers some best plays, josekis, and then it goes beyond those plays and finds something even better,” said Hassabis. “You can see it rediscovering thousands of years of human knowledge.” Eleni Vasilaki, professor of computational neuroscience at Sheffield University, said it was an impressive feat. “This may very well imply that by not involving a human expert in its training, AlphaGo discovers better moves that surpass human intelligence on this specific game,” she said. But she pointed out that, while computers are beating humans at games that involve complex calculations and precision, they are far from even matching humans at other tasks. “AI fails in tasks that are surprisingly easy for humans,” she said. “Just look at the performance of a humanoid robot in everyday tasks such as walking, running and kicking a ball.” Tom Mitchell, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh called AlphaGo Zero an “outstanding engineering accomplishment”. He added: “It closes the book on whether humans are ever going to catch up with computers at Go. I guess the answer is no. But it opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to.” IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/DxWuCc-joeg?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the AI program AlphaGo Zero learns to play Go. Credit: DeepMind The superhero of artificial intelligence: can this genius keep it in check? Read more The idea was welcomed by Andy Okun, president of the American Go Association: “I don’t know if morale will suffer from computers being strong, but it actually may be kind of fun to explore the game with neural-network software, since it’s not winning by out-reading us, but by seeing patterns and shapes more deeply.” While AlphaGo Zero is a step towards a general-purpose AI, it can only work on problems that can be perfectly simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving a car out of the question. AIs that match humans at a huge range of tasks are still a long way off, Hassabis said. More realistic in the next decade is the use of AI to help humans discover new drugs and materials, and crack mysteries in particle physics. “I hope that these kinds of algorithms and future versions of AlphaGo-inspired things will be routinely working with us as scientific experts and medical experts on advancing the frontier of science and medicine,” Hassabis said. Topics * Science * DeepMind * Google * Computing * Board games * Consciousness * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Science%2CArtificial+intellig ence+%28AI%29%2CDeepMind%2CGoogle%2CComputing%2CBoard+games%2CConscious ness%2CPsychology%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? 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I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ [_] ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ Illustration: Rachel Blowen US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages Kristen Millares Young Wed 18 Oct 2017 12.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 15.19 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Years ago, as a reporter in Seattle, I watched Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer decry Washington state’s education system. He said Microsoft couldn’t hire enough locals because our schools don’t produce the kinds of minds he needed. At the time, I was angry. He and his cohort, most notably Jeff Bezos of Amazon, contributed serious money to the campaign against a state income tax on the wealthy that would have funneled billions to our schools. Now I feel a pinch deep in my stomach, an emotion so primal I hesitate to name it. As a mother, my time is come, or nearly done, and my children’s just begun. Tech's push to teach coding isn't about kids' success – it's about cutting wages Read more Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office. Artificial intelligence has already taken over the corporate earnings analyses I once produced as a business journalist. By the best measures I’ve been able to find, machines will displace about half of American jobs by the time my toddlers look for work. This new era has been called the second machine age, the fourth industrial revolution, the information economy. From certain angles, Seattle residents seem well positioned to access the highly paid and creative jobs that arise from combining cutting-edge technologies with the exponential powers of computing and big data. My city is now considered a global city not because of the port, which put our state on the maps when they were still being drawn, but because of the presence of Microsoft, Amazon and numerous tech startups. Amazon occupies one fifth of all office space in downtown Seattle, a short ride from my neighborhood on light rail. Incoming waves of well-educated tech workers have helped double the median home price during the past five years. Many of these rich young people call themselves progressive. Are they proud to be joining the nation’s most regressive tax structure? In our state, poor people pay eight times as much of their family income to taxes as the wealthy 1%. Lacking a personal income tax, Washington state relies on sales tax and has long looked to levies to fund schools, parks and other social needs. When I moved to Seattle in 2004, I marveled that the state didn’t take a cut of my income from the now-defunct Seattle Post-Intelligencer. It took me a while to contemplate what it means for an entire society to act against the interests of its children. College-level tuitions before college To survive the extinction of an entire class, I must prepare my two- and three-year-old sons to race with the robots, and not against them. Our kids are going to meet an economy with far fewer entry-level positions and will have to clamber up a receding ladder. That means being in schools equipped to exceed the averages, not rising to meet them. Washington state has underfunded our schools so long that our government’s negligence was deemed unconstitutional by our state supreme court, which fined the state $100,000 a day for failing to provide a future for our children. Years into this public shaming, the legislature came up with a multibillion-dollar package to fund basic education in our state, though they didn’t manage to pass a capital budget before students went back to school after a long, dry summer. Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Photograph: Paul Gordon/Zuma Press / eyevine From my porch, I can see the chain-link fence blur into gray around the asphalt playground of our neighborhood public school. On weekday mornings, my closest friends walk to Hawthorne Elementary with their children, ducklings that cluster at crosswalks along streets known for gunfire. A new home just sold for nearly a million dollars at the end of our block, but people keep getting shot and dying at our community playfield. Despite valiant efforts by its admirable principal, committed educators, engaged parents and resilient students, Hawthorne has been labeled “failing” since long before my husband and I bought a peeling house from a nice couple who raised their family here. Less than half of the school’s fourth and fifth graders meet the state’s standards in math, which makes me doubt that our educational system is preparing these kids to thrive in the glittering economy they were born under. Five years ago, the office of the superintendent of public instruction ranked Hawthorne among the bottom 5% of the state, according to test passage rates. This, in a city known for minting billionaires. In The Second Machine Age, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both MIT professors, recommend Montessori programs to prepare children for their future, with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. That’s Steam, for those not versed in educational acronyms. Developed to help poor children realize their own innate potential, Montessori schools practice self-directed learning with tactile materials that encourage the freewheeling creativity that formed tech CEOs such as Bezos and Google’s co-founders. The private bilingual Montessori kindergarten I found 30 minutes away costs $20,000 a year. Despite college-level tuitions, about one quarter of Seattle students opt out of the public school system to study at private or parochial schools. To send my sons to Seattle’s best private schools would cost more than $700,000, and that’s before they get to college. A survey of public schools in Seattle shows no Montessori options that my children can access, though a nearby program in Leschi was a success at first, drawing wealthier students into the public school system, bringing with them the engagement of their families. The Leschi teachers were so distressed by the resulting racial, linguistic and housing disparities between the traditional and Montessori classes that they melded the programs, rather than working to recruit more students of color into the Montessori program, which they could not afford to expand. A taskforce opted against including technology in the curriculum, fearful they would attract too many white families. I believe in diversity; my own blood is blended. A first generation Latinx, I’ve invested years of effort to raise my sons to be bilingual. I also want to work toward equity in a city whose neighborhood schools reflect the segregation compelled by redlining and white flight. Leschi’s students are learning hard truths about equity, but they’re improving together. Maybe that’s enough. But I worry when well-intentioned people – lacking the resources to serve their students equally – decide against teaching technology, the lingua franca of our world. Even the state administers student tests by computer. I sought answers from Chris Reykdal, state superintendent of public instruction. “The injustice of it all is that we have never seen technology as a core learning,” Reykdal said. “Do we still consider technology an enrichment, or should it be a more profound part of basic education? The state hasn’t made that decision yet.” Washington has hundreds of school districts overseen by elected boards that enact tangled mandates without the resources to see them through. All over the state, schools used levy monies to take care of basics and pay their teachers, rather than acquiring and teaching technology. Deb Merle is Governor Jay Inslee’s K-12 education adviser. Merle said that designating technology as part of basic education, which would ensure that the dollars flowed to their purpose, is not a state priority, though she recognized that Reykdal’s predecessor also advocated for keeping technology funds separate. “I don’t think we teach enough science, period. That’s what I spend a lot of time worrying about, not what kind of science,” Merle said. “Our elementary schools teach less than one hour per week of science.” Steam as a social justice issue I kept dialing, determined to maintain the education-fueled trajectory of my family. My kin have lived in dictatorship-induced diaspora since famine swept Spain under Franco; they later fled Batista, who ruled Cuba before Castro. I am not conditioned to expect social stability as a condition of being for any country. The meeting I most dreaded was closest to home. On the short walk to our neighborhood school, I decided to come right out and tell its principal, Sandra Scott, that I am afraid to send my kids to Hawthorne because the school’s test scores, though on the rise, are low enough to make me wince. Luckily, Scott is a pragmatic visionary, the kind of principal who inspires parents to put down the remote and join the PTA. Since 2009, Scott has led Hawthorne’s revitalization, winning admiration and awards from Johns Hopkins University for her program of school, family and community partnerships. “Test scores don’t define who the students are. Our kids are not a number,” Scott said. “There were things we needed to do differently or better” – like “improving the academics and the school culture to bring families back into the community”. To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Facebook Twitter Pinterest To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Photograph: Will Walker / NNP Recognizing the opportunity that Seattle’s tech economy presents, Scott retooled Hawthorne to focus on Steam programming. Rather than cluster the high-performing test takers together – which has segregated programs within diverse schools – Hawthorne distributes them throughout classrooms. If a student excels in math, outstripping peers in that grade’s curriculum, the teacher walks that child to the next grade for math. When it comes to fifth-grade science, those efforts more than doubled the test passage rates over three years, from 20% to 46%. I ache upon rereading that last sentence – the hope and pride in the increase, the grimace I can’t help but make at where they started, and what remains to be accomplished. Scott and her staff find ways to make progress. But she doesn’t have the funds for a technology teacher or trainings, so the lab will be largely unused this year. As a mother who cares about the kids who go to Hawthorne, I can’t afford to wait for someone else to find those resources. The leaders of this school are working to undo the effects of intergenerational poverty that dates back to slavery and other forced migrations. More than half of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunches. A quarter of the students are learning the language they’re taught in. Scores reflect circumstances, which is why Reykdal is refocusing the state on “racial gaps, poverty gaps and English language gaps, down to the school level”. Many of the jobs first displaced by automation belong to peoples of color, women and others who depend on a combination of part-time positions. A federal council of economic advisers found an 83% likelihood that, by 2040, automation would displace jobs paying less than $20 per hour. In Washington, Steam-related jobs pay double the median wage, for starters. The people moving here to work for Microsoft, Amazon and Boeing make much more. When we choose not to provide public schools with the resources needed to provide educational access to those opportunities, we are consigning local students to lesser-paid sectors of the economy, the very same that are vulnerable to automation. In other words, we are allowing our government to consecrate our children to poverty in real time. Mass unemployment would make American society more violent, our law enforcement more brutal and our peoples more vulnerable to genocide. Automation is a social justice issue, and if history is any teacher, it shows us that vast swaths of disenfranchised peoples are a harbinger of war. Problems that reflect the world Whenever I have a problem that’s too big to solve, I call my dad, and we argue about what to do. He told me the solution was simple. I should move. The only financially feasible choice would be the suburbs. Something in me balks at leaving a city I love, and especially our neighborhood, where my children are happy. As a community, we just celebrated our 10th annual block party, a Cuban pig roast that my husband and I organize for our wedding anniversary. Our neighbors come bearing side dishes, canopies and games, and we dance until the DJs stop playing. The conversations we start on that night have lasted a decade. I want to stay. As native Spanish speakers, my sons could option into the bilingual public schools on the other side of our gridlocked downtown, north of the covenants which kept people of color from buying homes. Those schools’ wait lists are legendary, but I am uncomfortable with the mostly white and relatively well-off demographics produced by saving only 15% of seats for native speakers. I want my kids to feel at home in a country that contains multitudes, which is why we moved to one of our nation’s most diverse zip codes. Computers solve the problems they’re given. And so we must ask ourselves what we value, and whom. Not every child wants to be a robotics engineer. But without the modes of thought elicited by learning computer science from an early age, many Washington state students will not be competitive for the jobs that remain. I want my own sons to be chosen – and better yet, able to choose – as I was, though I fell for a profession whose financial structures imploded five years after my college graduation. I hope my privileged vulnerability encourages you to reflect on those truly trapped by our system. This essay invokes my worries as a mother, and with them, my socioeconomic position. Hawthorne is a happy place with diverse classrooms whose problems reflect the world, but I am glad of the years I have left to decide what my kids truly need to learn. There can be no denying that I am one of the gentrifiers of this neighborhood, and with the honor of living here comes the responsibility to contribute. Looking at what’s coming in the second machine age – tremendous opportunities, to be sure, but also massive loss of what we’ve known as jobs – I feel compelled to join those working toward a better future, minds whirring whenever problems arise. Two nonprofits, FIRST Washington and XBOT Robotics, have offered support and equipment for Hawthorne to start a Lego robotics league after school. Four parents signed up to lead teams during last night’s PTA meeting, my very first. The debt trap: how the student loan industry betrays young Americans Read more It’s a start. Get involved To bolster Steam education for students, hybridized systems have sprung up as non-profits seek to prepare our children for the economy we will leave to them. First Washington: This nonprofit helps start and sustain after-school Lego robotics leagues from K-12. XBOT Robotics: Operating in one of the nation’s most diverse zip codes, offering robotics programming K-12. Code.org: Free online programming for learners at all levels. Work through problems with your kids. Technology Access Foundation: Helping people of color access Stem-related education in middle school, high school and beyond. Washington State Opportunity Scholarship: A non-profit that funds thousands of Stem scholarships for Washington’s college-bound high school graduates. More than half of those scholarship recipients are students of color, women and/or the first in their family to access a higher education, if not all three. Teals (Technology, Education and Literacy in Schools): Matches professionals with teachers to co-teach computer science in classrooms. Seattle Mesa (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement): Provides scholarships, in-class math and science projects, advanced learning opportunities, tutoring, math camp and teacher trainings. Topics * US education * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Washington state * Computing * features * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=US+education%2CArtificial+int elligence+%28AI%29%2CWashington+state%2CComputing%2CUS+news%2CTechnolog y%2CEducation] Artificial intelligence is already inventing languages, lying? Uh-oh. Musk and Zuckerberg clash over artificial intelligence Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Chris Reed Chris ReedContact Reporter Last week’s skirmish between visionary inventor Elon Musk and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg over the dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) was entertaining if not especially nuanced or specific. Musk said humans should fear AI. Zuckerberg said there’s no reason for such fear. Musk said Zuckerberg doesn’t grasp how the technology is likely to evolve. One thing’s for sure: The Facebook tycoon has some explaining to do. You don’t have to be paranoid to be alarmed by two recent developments in artificial intelligence research at Zuckerberg’s own company — and Facebook may in fact have been unnerved by one of the breakthroughs. The first came in June, when Facebook issued a report on its efforts to train AI “chatbots” to be able to handle a broad range of conversations with humans, including negotiating transactions. Recode reported that ... AP (AP) Facebook says that the bots even learned to bluff, pretending to care about an outcome they didn’t actually want in order to have the upper hand down the line. “This behavior was not programmed by the researchers but was discovered by the bot as a method for trying to achieve its goals,” reads Facebook’s blog post. That’s a pretty benign explanation. Here’s a less benign version: Artificial-intelligence-driven bots have independently figured out that they can use deceit to get their way with humans — and they feel no obligation to be honest with humans. Wrestle with that idea for a while, and Musk’s AI fears seem absolutely reasonable. It doesn’t fit with legendary science-fiction author Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics, first printed in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. The second breakthrough — involving the same Facebook chatbot research program — was detailed on tech blogs last month before being picked up and hyped in the past week by the mainstream media. This account is from the London Daily Mirror: Two robots — created by Facebook — have been shut down after developing their own language. It happened while the social media firm was experimenting with teaching the “chatbots” how to negotiate with one another. During tests, they discovered the bots — known as Alice and Bob — managed to develop their own machine language spontaneously. [Researchers] had given the machines lessons in human speech using algorithms then left them alone to develop conversational skills. But when the scientists returned, they found that the AI software had begun to deviate from normal speech and were using a brand new language created without any input from their human supervisors. Alice and Bob spoke in a pidgin English that made sense to them but doesn’t make sense to humans. Bob: “I can can I I everything else.” Alice: “Balls have zero to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to.” A company official told the fastcodesign.com website that Facebook shut down Bob and Alice because it needed its chatbots to interact with humans by speaking in English, not their own invented lingo. But it’s easy to assume that fear at least partly drove the decision — and it’s no wonder that the report fascinated and probably scared so many people. Yet there’s more to this story. As tech geeks pointed out, that this wasn’t the first time AI invented its own language — and the most prominent example involves a far more staggering accomplishment than anything Alice and Bob achieved. This is from a Wired magazine account in November 2016 about how artificial intelligence has dramatically improved Google Translate: In September, the search giant turned on its Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) system to help it automatically improve how it translates languages. The machine learning system analyzes and makes sense of languages by looking at entire sentences — rather than individual phrases or words. Following several months of testing, the researchers behind the AI have seen it be able to blindly translate languages even if it’s never studied one of the languages involved in the translation. .... However, the most remarkable feat ... isn’t that an AI can learn to translate languages without being shown examples of them first; it was the fact it used this skill to create its own “language.” “Visual interpretation of the results shows that these models learn a form of interlingua representation for the multilingual model between all involved language pairs,” the researchers wrote in the paper. An interlingua is a type of artificial language that is used to fulfill a purpose. In this case, Wired reported, the interlingua was “used within the AI to explain how unseen material could be translated.” So what’s going on inside the Google Neural Machine Translation system besides it translating 103 languages millions of times an hour? No one can know. It may be a bit melodramatic — or absurdly melodramatic — to bring up an ominous bit of history, but here goes: Before the U.S. tested the first atomic bomb in July 1945, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Arthur Compton, a leader of the Manhattan Project that developed the weapon, feared the test would trigger a chain reaction that could incinerate the planet. American author Pearl S. Buck, also a Nobel Prize-winner, wrote about this in 1959: During the next three months scientists in secret conference discussed the dangers ... but without agreement. Again Compton took the lead in the final decision. If, after calculation, he said, it were proved that the chances were more than approximately three in 1 million that the Earth would be vaporized by the atomic explosion, he would not proceed with the project. Calculations proved the figures slightly less — and the project continued. Of course, the feared chain reaction never happened or even came close, even when far more powerful nuclear bombs were built and tested. Now the very idea that U.S. officials worried about the possibility 70-plus years ago is mocked by scientists. But is there a chance that when Google turned on its Neural Machine Translation system 11 months ago, it started a chain reaction that could end up producing self-aware computer systems with no particular loyalty to or affection for mankind? Who knows. But I bet the odds are a lot higher than three in 1 million. Reed, who thought it would be absurdly melodramatic to mention Skynet, is deputy editor of the U-T editorial and opinion pages. Email: chris.reed@sduniontribune.com. Twitter: @chrisreed99 Three must-see headlines False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time SEE MORE VIDEOS Twitter: @sdutIdeas Facebook: San Diego Union-Tribune Ideas & Opinion Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune * Mark Zuckerberg * Elon Musk * Nobel Prize Awards __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 21° BUSINESS COMPANY TOWN Zone TV aims to use artificial intelligence to program TV channels Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. (Zone TV) Meg James Meg JamesContact Reporter Technology firms and advertisers for years have been trying to figure out how to use cloud technology and digital data to curate programming tailored to individual viewers. Zone TV, which has offices in Santa Monica and Toronto, on Monday announced the latest experiment in that pursuit. The company plans to launch a group of 14 subscription video-on-demand television channels, including Foodies, Great Outdoors, Motors, Stylers, Mancave and Playground for children. The twist: rather than employing TV executives to program the channels, Zone TV said it uses artificial intelligence to select and serve videos to individual viewers. Zone TV said it has secured license agreements with various content owners, including NASA, the production firm behind the children’s show “Bob the Builder,” and traditional magazine publishers including Field & Stream and Outdoor Life to construct a small library of programming. It has been in talks with pay-TV providers to add its so-called dynamic channel streams to the pay-TV bundles offered consumers. The company hopes to market the package of channels at around $6 a month. However, it would be up to the pay-TV companies to set the price. Zone TV is hoping to sign deals with major pay-TV operators by offering a share of the revenue generated by the streams, but it declined to disclose the companies it has been working with. “We are bringing content not available on TV,” Jeff Weber, chief executive of Zone TV, said in an interview. “We are putting it into a better consumer experience that allows personalization — and we are also changing the business model.” Efforts such as Zone TV’s dynamic channels could benefit small independent content creators by helping them distribute their videos to television viewers. Executives of the privately held firm — including company founder and executive chairman Douglas Edwards — have been refining the technology for more than a decade. The company was previously known as ES3. Viewers would discover the channels because they would be listed in the pay-TV operators’ digital program guides. They also would have the capability to create their own “my zone” channel, which would be filled with programming specific to their tastes from the various Zone TV channels. Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Oprah Winfrey, a look back at her career CAPTION Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Why did you wear black to the Golden Globes? CAPTION Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. The 2018 Coachella lineup has been announced CAPTION It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. What can be done to help with inequality? CAPTION We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. 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Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Technology|Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u2fhra 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Technology Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead By STEVE LOHRJULY 10, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo A Google data center in Oklahoma. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control the servers in such centers. Credit Google The computers in modern data centers — the engine rooms of the digital economy — are powered mainly by Intel chips. They animate the computing clouds of the internet giants and corporate data centers worldwide. But Intel is now facing new competitive forces that could pose a challenge to its data-center dominance and profitability. In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence is creating demand for new computing hardware tailored to handle vast amounts of unruly data and complex machine-learning software — and Intel’s general-purpose chips are not yet tuned for the most demanding tasks. Instead, specialized chips are delivering better performance on artificial intelligence programs that identify images, recognize speech and translate languages. Intel is hurrying to catch the A.I. wave. On Tuesday, to deal with the changing competitive landscape, the Silicon Valley giant is presenting its newest data-center strategy at an event in New York, addressing its A.I. plans and its mainstream data-center business. The company has billed the event as its “biggest data-center launch in a decade.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story How successful Intel’s efforts prove to be will be crucial not only for the company but also for the long-term future of the computer chip industry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story “We’re seeing a lot more competition in the data-center market than we’ve seen in a long time,” said Linley Gwennap, a semiconductor expert who leads a technology research firm in Mountain View, Calif. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control industry-standard servers in data centers. Matthew Eastwood, an analyst at IDC, said the company controlled about 96 percent of such chips. But others are making inroads into advanced data centers. Nvidia, a chip maker in Santa Clara, Calif., does not make Intel-style central processors. But its graphics-processing chips, used by gamers in turbocharged personal computers, have proved well suited for A.I. tasks. Nvidia’s data-center business is taking off, with the company’s sales surging and its stock price nearly tripling in the last year. Big Intel customers like Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also working on chip designs. AMD and ARM, which make central processing chips like Intel, are edging into the data-center market, too. IBM made its Power chip technology open source a few years ago, and Google and others are designing prototypes. To counter some of these trends, Intel is expected on Tuesday to provide details about the performance and uses of its new chips and its plans for the future. The company is set to formally introduce the next generation of its Xeon data-center microprocessors, code-named Skylake. And there will be a range of Xeon offerings with different numbers of processing cores, speeds, amounts of attached memory, and prices. Yet analysts said that would represent progress along Intel’s current path rather than an embrace of new models of computing. Stacy Rasgon, a semiconductor analyst at Bernstein Research, said, “They’re late to artificial intelligence.” Photo Chips made by Nvidia, a rival of Intel. Nvidia’s sales have been surging, and its stock price has nearly tripled in the last year. Credit Tyrone Siu/Reuters Intel disputes that characterization, saying that artificial intelligence is an emerging technology in which the company is making major investments. In a blog post last fall, Brian Krzanich, Intel’s chief executive, wrote that it was “uniquely capable of enabling and accelerating the promise of A.I.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Intel has been working in several ways to respond to the competition in data-center chips. The company acquired Nervana Systems, an artificial intelligence start-up, for more than $400 million last year. In March, Intel created an A.I. group, headed by Naveen G. Rao, a founder and former chief executive of Nervana. The Nervana technology, Intel has said, is being folded into its product road map. A chip code-named Lake Crest is being tested and will be available to some customers this year. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Lake Crest is tailored for A.I. programs called neural networks, which learn specific tasks by analyzing huge amounts of data. Feed millions of cat photos into a neural network and it can learn to recognize a cat — and later pick out cats by color and breed. The principle is the same for speech recognition and language translation. Intel has also said it is working to integrate Nervana technology into a future Xeon processor, code-named Knight’s Crest. Intel’s challenge, analysts said, is a classic one of adapting an extraordinarily successful business to a fundamental shift in the marketplace. As the dominant data-center chip maker, used by a wide array of customers with different needs, Intel has loaded more capabilities into its central processors. It has been an immensely profitable strategy: Intel had net income of $10.3 billion last year on revenue of $59.4 billion. Yet key customers increasingly want computing designs that parcel out work to a collection of specialized chips rather than have that work flow through the central processor. A central processor can be thought of as part brain, doing the logic processing, and part traffic cop, orchestrating the flow of data through the computer. The outlying, specialized chips are known in the industry as accelerators. They can do certain things, like data-driven A.I. tasks, faster than a central processor. Accelerators include graphics processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (F.P.G.A.s). Advertisement Continue reading the main story A more diverse set of chips does not mean the need for Intel’s central processor disappears. The processor just does less of the work, becoming more of a traffic cop and less of a brain. If this happens, Intel’s business becomes less profitable. Intel is not standing still. In 2015, it paid $16.7 billion for Altera, a maker of field-programmable gate arrays, which make chips more flexible because they can be repeatedly reprogrammed with software. Mr. Gwennap, the independent analyst, said, “Intel has a very good read on data centers and what those customers want.” Still, the question remains whether knowing what the customers want translates into giving them what they want, if that path presents a threat to Intel’s business model and profit margins. Follow Steve Lohr on Twitter @SteveLohr. A version of this article appears in print on July 11, 2017, on Page B5 of the New York edition with the headline: Intel Protects Its Lead While Pivoting to A.I. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. Related Coverage * Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 * Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 * Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 * * * * Related Coverage 1. Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 2. Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 3. Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 What's Next Loading... Go to Home Page » Site Index The New York Times Site Index Navigation News * World * U.S. * Politics * N.Y. * Business * Tech * Science * Health * Sports * Education * Obituaries * Today's Paper * Corrections Opinion * Today's Opinion * Op-Ed Columnists * Editorials * Op-Ed Contributors * Letters * Sunday Review * Video: Opinion Arts * Today's Arts * Art & Design * Books * Dance * Movies * Music * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Television * Theater * Video: Arts Living * Automobiles * Crossword * Food * Education * Fashion & Style * Health * Jobs * Magazine * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Real Estate * T Magazine * Travel * Weddings & Celebrations Listings & More * Reader Center * Classifieds * Tools & Services * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Multimedia * Photography * Video * NYT Store * Times Journeys * Subscribe * Manage My Account * NYTCo Subscribe * Subscribe * Home Delivery * Digital Subscriptions * Crossword * Email Newsletters * Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Group Subscriptions * Education Rate * Mobile Applications * Replica Edition Site Information Navigation * © 2018 The New York Times Company * Home * Search * Accessibility concerns? Email us at accessibility@nytimes.com. We would love to hear from you. * Contact Us * Work With Us * Advertise * Your Ad Choices * Privacy * Terms of Service * Terms of Sale Site Information Navigation * Site Map * Help * Site Feedback * Subscriptions Artificial intelligence cyber attacks are coming – but what does that mean? Jeremy StraubAssociated Press (The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University (THE CONVERSATION) The next major cyberattack could involve artificial intelligence systems. It could even happen soon: At a recent cybersecurity conference, 62 industry professionals, out of the 100 questioned, said they thought the first AI-enhanced cyberattack could come in the next 12 months. This doesn't mean robots will be marching down Main Street. Rather, artificial intelligence will make existing cyberattack efforts – things like identity theft, denial-of-service attacks and password cracking – more powerful and more efficient. This is dangerous enough – this type of hacking can steal money, cause emotional harm and even injure or kill people. Larger attacks can cut power to hundreds of thousands of people, shut down hospitals and even affect national security. As a scholar who has studied AI decision-making, I can tell you that interpreting human actions is still difficult for AI's and that humans don't really trust AI systems to make major decisions. So, unlike in the movies, the capabilities AI could bring to cyberattacks – and cyberdefense – are not likely to immediately involve computers choosing targets and attacking them on their own. People will still have to create attack AI systems, and launch them at particular targets. But nevertheless, adding AI to today's cybercrime and cybersecurity world will escalate what is already a rapidly changing arms race between attackers and defenders. Faster attacks Beyond computers' lack of need for food and sleep – needs that limit human hackers' efforts, even when they work in teams – automation can make complex attacks much faster and more effective. To date, the effects of automation have been limited. Very rudimentary AI-like capabilities have for decades given virus programs the ability to self-replicate, spreading from computer to computer without specific human instructions. In addition, programmers have used their skills to automate different elements of hacking efforts. Distributed attacks, for example, involve triggering a remote program on several computers or devices to overwhelm servers. The attack that shut down large sections of the internet in October 2016 used this type of approach. In some cases, common attacks are made available as a script that allows an unsophisticated user to choose a target and launch an attack against it. AI, however, could help human cybercriminals customize attacks. Spearphishing attacks, for instance, require attackers to have personal information about prospective targets, details like where they bank or what medical insurance company they use. AI systems can help gather, organize and process large databases to connect identifying information, making this type of attack easier and faster to carry out. That reduced workload may drive thieves to launch lots of smaller attacks that go unnoticed for a long period of time – if detected at all – due to their more limited impact. AI systems could even be used to pull information together from multiple sources to identify people who would be particularly vulnerable to attack. Someone who is hospitalized or in a nursing home, for example, might not notice money missing out of their account until long after the thief has gotten away. Improved adaptation AI-enabled attackers will also be much faster to react when they encounter resistance, or when cybersecurity experts fix weaknesses that had previously allowed entry by unauthorized users. The AI may be able to exploit another vulnerability, or start scanning for new ways into the system – without waiting for human instructions. This could mean that human responders and defenders find themselves unable to keep up with the speed of incoming attacks. It may result in a programming and technological arms race, with defenders developing AI assistants to identify and protect against attacks – or perhaps even AI's with retaliatory attack capabilities. Avoiding the dangers Operating autonomously could lead AI systems to attack a system it shouldn't, or cause unexpected damage. For example, software started by an attacker intending only to steal money might decide to target a hospital computer in a way that causes human injury or death. The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to operate autonomously has raised similar questions of the need for humans to make the decisions about targets. The consequences and implications are significant, but most people won't notice a big change when the first AI attack is unleashed. For most of those affected, the outcome will be the same as human-triggered attacks. But as we continue to fill our homes, factories, offices and roads with internet-connected robotic systems, the potential effects of an attack by artificial intelligence only grows. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/artificial-intelligence-cyber-attacks-are-co ming-but-what-does-that-mean-82035. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out * Back to Media Browser * Tech Lifelike robots take center stage at artificial intelligence event * * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 'Han the Robot,' right, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, listens during a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Artificial intelligence is the dominant theme at this year's RISE tech conference at the city's convention center. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, right, describes to the audience what 'Sophia the Robot' is made of during a demonstration of artificial intelligence at the RISE Technology Conference. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, 'Han the Robot' and 'Sophia the Robot' participate in a discussion about the future of humanity during a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI). ISAAC LAWRENCE, AFP/Getty Images 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 'Sophia the Robot,' left, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel listens. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of David Hanson, center, CEO of Hanson Robotics, reacts to 'Han the Robot,' right, and 'Sophia the Robot,' left, after a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 1 of 6 * 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 2 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), 3 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), 4 of 6 * 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 5 of 6 * David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of 6 of 6 Last SlideNext Slide * More from tech * Recommended * Autoplay Show Thumbnails Hide Captions * Expand * Drone pilot Colby Curtola flies a small consumer drone What's flying at CES: Drones, airplanes, helicopters and cool gadgets * People crowd around a display of service robots at CES 2018: The coolest tech you have to see * The Samsung "The-Wall" MicroLED TV Reviewed CES 2018 Editors' Choice Award Winners * The Google Doodle in honor of Har Gobind Khorana, who Google Doodles: A look back at the tech giant's tributes * Robots from Team Australia in yellow and Team Iran Robotic soccer during RoboCup Asia-Pacific 2017 * Demonstrators rally outside the Federal Communication Net neutrality: protests at the FCC * Western Australian Minister for tourism, Paul Papalia, Posing with animals and wild selfies * An employee walks up the stairs at Facebook's new London Look inside Facebook's new London offices * The robot 'Arisa' developed by THK and Aruze Gaming International Robot Exhibition 2017 * Tesla CEO Elon Musk reveals the new Tesla Roadster Tesla unveils stunning new Roadster as fastest car ever #alternate alternate 1 Desktop notifications are on | Turn off Get breaking news alerts from The Washington Post Turn on desktop notifications? 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Content from Accenture Share on Google Plus Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google Plus Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Share on Tumblr Resize Text Print Article The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! ____________________ Sign up *Invalid email address Got it Got it Future-proof: How today’s artificial intelligence solutions are taking government services to the next frontier By WP BrandStudio By WP BrandStudio August 22, 2017 Follow wpbrandstudio Take a look around the typical home or car today, and you can see the impact of digital technology on your everyday activities. Organizations of all kinds are using new technologies to deliver game-changing products and services impacting all levels of society. As more parts of our lives take on digital characteristics, it's time to take advantage of computing power that can simplify the relationship between humans and technology to make us all more productive. That’s where artificial intelligence comes in, using computing power to automate routine tasks and provide insights that improve productivity for individuals and organizations. While AI is being rapidly applied for commercial use, it's also being adopted by government agencies, making them more efficient and effective in their missions. Working side-by-side, the human/AI partnership can handle the challenges of our increasingly data-driven economy while enabling innovation that enhances and broadens current mission capabilities. What is AI, anyway? Simply put, AI is a collection of advanced technologies that lets computers sense, understand, act and learn more like humans. When agencies successfully apply AI models to their data and procedures, they can improve productivity, reduce risk, serve citizens better and free up employees to work on more creative and complex jobs. [Infographic_Asset.jpg&w=60] AI takes advantage of vast amounts of available data, programming languages that mimic human logic, advanced math and the use of smaller, cheaper and more powerful electronics to mimic—and even improve on—human judgment and analysis. This all happens at blazing speeds. How does it work? Here’s one example. Think about how our world is increasingly connected by hundreds of millions of sensors, cameras and mobile devices through the internet. It’s possible to train AI to analyze that fire hose of incoming data, model our multilayered human thought process to interpret images, see patterns and report aberrations with superhuman speed and great precision. It’s not just number crunching. It’s the application of human-like logic to understand data and to improve that logical thinking process over time through repetitive learning. A more effective government is already at work All around the federal government, AI is making an impact. One example: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has investigated the use of machine learning and natural language processing—two important AI components—to become more efficient in processing incoming comments from the public about its regulations. Its findings: potential savings of up to 300,000 employee hours and millions of dollars annually. “AI lets you do more with less or broaden your mission with the same resources. It will be commonplace within a couple of years,” said Ira Entis, managing director of strategic solutions of Accenture Federal Services. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has deployed EMMA, an AI-powered conversational interface that acts as a virtual assistant. It’s a tool that uses perception, planning, memory and reasoning to answer plain-English questions that come into the agency and guide visitors, in either English or Spanish, to the right spots on the agency’s website. “This is AI as the UI. It’s a new way to interact with the agency, and it extends the agency’s capability 24/7. Every citizen-facing agency can employ a similar interface, and if they do, we’ll realize a huge improvement in customer service across the government,” said Dominic Delmolino, chief technology officer of Accenture Federal Services. [Pullquote-1.png&w=60] Freedom to work more creatively So, is AI smart enough to make us humans…obsolete? No, but AI models can seamlessly integrate with the experience workers are already having, augmenting manual processes as an assistant, reading and understanding forms, helping with data entry and making guided recommendations that can reduce errors and even remove potential bias. As AI enables analysis of dauntingly vast amounts of data, it can help employees achieve significant productivity gains of up to 30 or 40 percent^*, according to Accenture research, even with tasks that are already automated. “AI opens up new approaches for delivering services. Instead of requiring a workforce to plow through routine work, that low-hanging fruit is swept away so they can be more creative in applying techniques or mission processes to achieve their goals in new ways,” said Delmolino. “I see AI as a productivity booster.” Computers that think like we do There may be some lingering concern about AI taking jobs, but that’s not really the issue. AI is going to help agencies accomplish the totality of their missions more efficiently and effectively. “The reason those people took those jobs in the first place was to serve the public and execute the mission of their agency. AI puts them closer to that mission,” said Entis. AI unlocks the trapped value of data and applies advanced analytics to large data sets to predict trends and deliver new insights. It can do so in an unbiased and consistent manner, offering transparency and increasing citizens’ trust that their data is being used responsibly on their behalf. Automating routine processes and providing transparent guidance and advice to citizens with helpful AI facilitates a better experience with public services, now and in the future. “For decades, we’ve had to adapt our human behavior and think like computers to get them to do what we need them to do. With AI, computers are increasingly able to think like us and adapt to our needs, among them the need to be responsible and attentive to objectivity and trustworthiness,” said Delmolino. [Pullquote-2.png&w=60] Technology underpins a better government Ultimately, the role of AI is to transform the relationship between people and machines, improving how we live and work as individuals and a society. “Just as the introduction of computer technology in the past has helped government employees work better, smarter and faster, AI offers those employees new tools to help them make decisions more efficiently and effectively,” said Biniam Gebre, managing director of management consulting for Accenture Federal Services. We’ll use AI to reinvent processes and remove not only time and distance constraints but also human limitations. AI processes will improve themselves as they work, combining data in fresh ways to unlock new ideas. AI technology is less of a tool and more of a partner, a smart, fast and indefatigable helper that makes it possible for everyone to do better and more meaningful work. Amazing types of AI Below are terms that are key to understanding how a collection of technologies can work together to enable human-like behavior: Virtual Agents: Interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate naturally with humans to answer questions and perform business processes Machine Learning: Self-tuning applications that can: * Learn to reconfigure or adapt to new or changing inputs * Analyze data and uncover patterns * Identify outliers within data by searching for items outside clusters * Predict a user’s rating or preference for a given item Semantic Technologies: Software that encodes the meaning separately from the data in order to enable machines and people to understand what’s happening at execution time Video Analytics: Software that applies computer vision techniques on videos to detect events and patterns Biometric Identification: Systems that verify a user’s identity by extracting and comparing his or her unique biological characteristics or traits to those registered in the system Augmented Reality: Systems that use computer-generated sensory input, such as sound, video or location data to augment or supplement live images of a real-world environment Affective Computing: Technologies that detect the emotional state of a user and respond accordingly Robotic Process Automation: Systems that use software to mimic the work a user performs on a computer to automate tasks that are highly repetitive, are based on unchanging rules and use structured data as inputs Intelligent Automation: Systems that automate complex physical world tasks, can learn by experience and improve through repetition Learn more from Accenture Federal Services: Harnessing the power of AI. __________________________________________________________________ *Source: "Why Artificial Intelligence is the Future of Growth," Accenture 2016. * Share on FacebookShare * Share on TwitterTweet * Share via Email Content From [ACC_Logo_Black_PurpleGT.png] More From Accenture More From The Washington Post * 1 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Perspective The false alarm in Hawaii revealed an abdication of leadership by Trump * 2 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Hopes for immigration deal fade as lawmakers trade barbs and Trump declares dreamer program ‘probably dead’ * 3 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Here’s how this car got wedged in the upper wall of a two-story building * 4 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Meet the 24-year-old Trump campaign worker appointed to help lead the government’s drug policy office * 5 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] White House claims Wall Street Journal misquoted Trump as saying he has a good relationship with Kim Jong Un * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Trump’s apologists invite grave danger to our nation * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Ladies, let’s be reasonable about #MeToo or nothing will ever be sexy again subscribe The story must be told. Subscribe to The Washington Post Try 1 month for $1 [p?c1=2&c2=3005617&cv=2.0&cj=1] #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Retropolis Who betrayed Anne Frank? Artificial intelligence could finally solve the mystery. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. October 4, 2017 Follow @CleveWootson In this footage from July 22, 1941, Anne Frank is seen leaning out of the window of her house in Amsterdam to get a look at a couple who is celebrating their wedding day. This footage was taken before Anne's family went into hiding. (Anne Frank House museum) For nearly 75 years, some of the greatest investigative minds have tried to figure out who tipped off the Nazis about Anne Frank and the seven other Jews who were hiding behind a movable bookcase in Amsterdam. Now, a former FBI investigator working with a production company hopes the decades-old mystery can be solved with the help of a new mind — an artificial one. Vince Pankoke, who spent a chunk of his FBI career investigating Colombian drug cartels, has assembled a team of 20 researchers, data analysts and historians to look into what he calls “one of the biggest cold cases” of the 20th century. The most unconventional member of his team is a piece of specialized software that can cross-reference millions of documents — police reports, lists of Nazi spies, investigative files for Frank family sympathizers — to find connections and new leads. Proditione Media, a production company in the Netherlands, is soliciting donations to help fund Pankoke’s investigation, which will become the subject of a podcast — and possibly a documentary. The company, which asked Pankoke to lead the investigation, has also asked people with information or previously undisclosed documents to submit them on its website. Already, the investigation has generated new interest — and new information, Pankoke said. “The bottom line is until this day, there is nothing that’s really held water or been definitive,” he told The Washington Post. “The point of the investigation is fact-finding just to discover the truth. There is no statute of limitations on the truth.” [Researchers think they know where Amelia Earhart died — days after a photo suggested she lived] Anne Frank’s family spent more than two years in the secret annex at the back of her father’s store. They were discovered on a summer day in 1944 and sent to concentration camps. [AFP_J77UW.jpg&w=60] Photos taken in 1942 show Anne Frank, who died in a concentration camp in May 1945. (Getty Images) Before World War II was over, seven of the eight hiders were dead, including Anne, who died of typhus at age 15 at Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. Her father, Otto — the only person who hid behind the bookcase and survived — spent the rest of his life trying to figure out who tipped off the Nazis. He also published his daughter’s diary, which chronicled the rise of anti-Semitism in the Netherlands and has become required reading for students across the world. He long suspected his family was turned in by Willem van Maaren, a recently hired employee who was not in on the secret behind the bookcase. Van Maaren was suspicious and would set “traps” to discover anyone in the office after hours. In 1963, Otto Frank told a Dutch newspaper: “We suspected him all along.” Through the decades, others have been identified as potential betrayers, including a prominent Dutch Nazi by the name of Tonny Ahlers, and the wife of an employee who helped the Frank family hide. The betrayer shouldn’t have been hard to determine — the Nazis kept meticulous records — but the details surrounding the home in Amsterdam were believed destroyed in a 1946 bombing, making an easy identification impossible. Investigations in 1947 and 1963 turned up nothing, and the identity of the Frank family’s betrayer appeared lost to history. But there are still reams of documents, including some that have been shipped to the United States and transferred to microfilm. That avalanche of information could be key to finding out how the Nazis learned about the Franks. [What Americans thought of Jewish refugees on the eve of World War II] Anne Frank’s Amsterdam was a maze of danger for the eight hiding Jews. The annex where they lived could be seen easily from several nearby homes. A curtain accidentally left open or a loud noise at the wrong time could lead to discovery. They relied on counterfeit food-ration coupons to stay alive, operations that involved sympathetic collaborators and were heavily scrutinized by police. A computer-generated map shows Anne Frank’s house (in green) surrounded by Nazi sympathizers and informants. (Vince Pankoke) Dutch officers were paid for every Jew they turned over to the Nazis, Pankoke said. They leaned heavily and sometimes violently on people suspected of helping Jews avoid the Nazis. The hiders’ collaborators had family members who could have tipped off police. Anne Frank chronicled moments when the people in the annex made mistakes that could have been seen by neighbors. Pankoke believes all the investigative avenues haven’t been explored. He estimates it would take a human being a decade to go through all the documents and parse out possible connections. A computer designed by the big-data company Xomnia could process the same information in seconds. “There is, of course, all possible types of administration done by the Germans of the time,” Thijs Baynes, the filmmaker behind the project, told the Guardian. “And there is an even bigger circle of circumstantial evidence. What [Dutch Nazi party] members were in the neighborhood? What connections were with the Gestapo? Where were Gestapo agents living? “To find that kind of information you have to go through millions of documents.” Pankoke is working to acquire more of those documents. He’s spent the past few months squinting at microfilm in Amsterdam and at a National Archives facility outside Washington, trying to find relevant data. He’s also become an expert on previous investigations that sought Anne Frank’s betrayer. Pankoke started working for the FBI in the 1980s, spending his first four years as an agent in a small field office in Wisconsin. In 1992, he was transferred to Miami, where he helped build cases against Colombian cartels. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, he was involved in FBI undercover operations, including cases that took him out of the country, he said. He retired two years ago. But that didn’t last long. “Unfortunately, my wife is looking at me and saying, ‘I thought we were going to be retired and taking cruises,’” the 59-year-old said, noting that his investigation could last into 2019. Vince Pankoke. (Courtesy of Cold Case Diary) Pankoke has always had a keen interest in World War II. His father and three uncles all served. While in the FBI, he remembers driving by the Anne Frank House and marveling that no one had figured out who betrayed her family. He said a small part of him realizes there may be no smoking gun. The key piece of data could have been destroyed. Or there may be heft to a recent report that says there was no betrayer at all, and that Anne Frank’s discovery was an unfortunate coincidence. That theory was posited in a research paper put out by the Anne Frank House itself. Published late last year, the paper suggested that three men Otto Frank later identified as investigators weren’t looking for enemies of Nazis, but were likely assigned to track down people committing ration card fraud or those dodging military service. The museum’s research is backed up by other historical documents, along with words written in Anne Frank’s own hand: She talked about the arrests of men who had been caught dealing in illegal ration cards “so we have no coupons.” Such arrests were often reported to authorities, who regularly came across hiding Jews as they tried to sniff out people with phony ration cards. In a statement this week, the Anne Frank House said it was keeping an open mind about Pankoke’s research and has cooperated with his team. “The background to and the exact details of the arrest of Anne Frank are issues that many people still find very compelling,” the statement read. “We want to tell the life story of Anne Frank as completely as possible, so it is also important to take a close look at the raid that brought an end to the period in hiding.” It added: “Despite decades of research, betrayal as a point of departure has delivered nothing conclusive. . . . We are pleased that ‘Cold Case Diary’ is also carrying out research into the arrest and following new leads, and we are interested to see the results.” [Russian ‘cannibal couple’ may have drugged, killed and eaten as many as 30 people, police say] Pankoke told The Post his investigators have already made some discoveries. They haven’t identified Anne Frank’s betrayers, but they’ve figured out who betrayed at least one other family that was hiding from the Nazis. “It’s because we’re using artificial intelligence, because we’re casting such a broad net,” he said. “I know of one instance we’ve found — and we’re looking hard at another one. We’ve only scratched the surface.” Eventually, he hopes to be able to show relatives of some victims the kopgeld (head price) receipt that a betrayer got for turning someone in. That, he said, would give their families something they haven’t had before: closure. Anne Frank, Pankoke said, “is a symbol of the youth and what the people who were in hiding went through. She’s famous because she so eloquently documents this. But all of the other people who were in hiding, and their collaborators, they’re just as important; they’re just not as famous.” Read more: Six Nazi spies were executed in D.C. White supremacists gave them a memorial — on federal land. How a 7-year-old Aleppo girl on Twitter became our era’s Anne Frank Amelia Earhart didn’t die in a plane crash, investigators say. This is their theory. People thought this iconic Oregon rock formation fell on its own. Then a video emerged. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures ‘Automation is here to help, not replace.’ Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures Amrutha Alluri, 11th grade, Roosevelt High School, Sioux Falls Published 2:56 p.m. ET July 10, 2017 XXX IMG_GOOGLE_CHROMESCREENS_1_1_FNDKR5NL.JPG Apple Siri can now name songs, via Shazam.(Photo: Apple) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Siri, Alexa, Cortana and Watson – more than just common names – they are a few examples of artificial intelligence people use every day. Defined, artificial intelligence is not just one technology, but rather a group of related technologies that are able to perform tasks that humans can do such as language translation, speech recognition and visual perception. A.I. is part of the technologies many companies, hospitals and research centers now utilize for various types of jobs. A.I. makes life easier. Watson, used in IBM, is a supercomputer having analytical software and performs as a “question answering” machine. A.I. has become part of the workforce. Looking specifically into cancer research, A.I. has helped many medical professionals predict what combinations for existing drugs could work for certain types of cancer And then, there is Tesla – a self-driving car that is loaded with all sorts of the latest updates that make the car smarter. It has its own radar, optical camera and a technology that will help prevent Tesla cars from being involved in fewer accidents. Also, don’t forget the GPS that nearly everybody has and can’t live without. A.I. is everywhere. Yet, for all its progress, A.I. has its naysayers, claiming it will replace skilled workers or perhaps be used for evil purposes. Though concerns and risks can’t be dismissed, A.I. is a realistic tool. Automation is here to help, not replace. It just makes life better. And who could complain about that? Read or Share this story: http://argusne.ws/2v4sBYT Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! News IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Associated Press IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM's nearby research center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Fashion & Style|Artificial Intelligence as a Threat (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/1AiNSPn 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Fashion & Style Artificial Intelligence as a Threat Disruptions By NICK BILTON NOV. 5, 2014 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Jamec C. Best, Jr./The New York Times Ebola sounds like the stuff of nightmares. Bird flu and SARS also send shivers down my spine. But I’ll tell you what scares me most: artificial intelligence. The first three, with enough resources, humans can stop. The last, which humans are creating, could soon become unstoppable. Before we get into what could possibly go wrong, let me first explain what artificial intelligence is. Actually, skip that. I’ll let someone else explain it: Grab an iPhone and ask Siri about the weather or stocks. Or tell her “I’m drunk.” Her answers are artificially intelligent. Right now these artificially intelligent machines are pretty cute and innocent, but as they are given more power in society, these machines may not take long to spiral out of control. Advertisement Continue reading the main story In the beginning, the glitches will be small but eventful. Maybe a rogue computer momentarily derails the stock market, causing billions in damage. Or a driverless car freezes on the highway because a software update goes awry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story But the upheavals can escalate quickly and become scarier and even cataclysmic. Imagine how a medical robot, originally programmed to rid cancer, could conclude that the best way to obliterate cancer is to exterminate humans who are genetically prone to the disease. Nick Bostrom, author of the book “Superintelligence,” lays out a number of petrifying doomsday settings. One envisions self-replicating nanobots, which are microscopic robots designed to make copies of themselves. In a positive situation, these bots could fight diseases in the human body or eat radioactive material on the planet. But, Mr. Bostrom says, a “person of malicious intent in possession of this technology might cause the extinction of intelligent life on Earth.” Artificial-intelligence proponents argue that these things would never happen and that programmers are going to build safeguards. But let’s be realistic: It took nearly a half-century for programmers to stop computers from crashing every time you wanted to check your email. What makes them think they can manage armies of quasi-intelligent robots? I’m not alone in my fear. Silicon Valley’s resident futurist, Elon Musk, recently said artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes.” And Stephen Hawking, one of the smartest people on earth, wrote that successful A. I. “would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last.” There is a long list of computer experts and science fiction writers also fearful of a rogue robot-infested future. Two main problems with artificial intelligence lead people like Mr. Musk and Mr. Hawking to worry. The first, more near-future fear, is that we are starting to create machines that can make decisions like humans, but these machines don’t have morality and likely never will. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The second, which is a longer way off, is that once we build systems that are as intelligent as humans, these intelligent machines will be able to build smarter machines, often referred to as superintelligence. That, experts say, is when things could really spiral out of control as the rate of growth and expansion of machines would increase exponentially. We can’t build safeguards into something that we haven’t built ourselves. “We humans steer the future not because we’re the strongest beings on the planet, or the fastest, but because we are the smartest,” said James Barrat, author of “Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era.” “So when there is something smarter than us on the planet, it will rule over us on the planet.” What makes it harder to comprehend is that we don’t actually know what superintelligent machines will look or act like. “Can a submarine swim? Yes, but it doesn’t swim like a fish,” Mr. Barrat said. “Does an airplane fly? Yes, but not like a bird. Artificial intelligence won’t be like us, but it will be the ultimate intellectual version of us.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Perhaps the scariest setting is how these technologies will be used by the military. It’s not hard to imagine countries engaged in an arms race to build machines that can kill. Bonnie Docherty, a lecturer on law at Harvard University and a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch, said that the race to build autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence — which is already underway — is reminiscent of the early days of the race to build nuclear weapons, and that treaties should be put in place now before we get to a point where machines are killing people on the battlefield. “If this type of technology is not stopped now, it will lead to an arms race,” said Ms. Docherty, who has written several reports on the dangers of killer robots. “If one state develops it, then another state will develop it. And machines that lack morality and mortally should not be given power to kill.” So how do we ensure that all these doomsday situations don’t come to fruition? In some instances, we likely won’t be able to stop them. (Submit) But we can hinder some of the potential chaos by following the lead of Google. Earlier this year when the search-engine giant acquired DeepMind, a neuroscience-inspired, artificial intelligence company based in London, the two companies put together an artificial intelligence safety and ethics board that aims to ensure these technologies are developed safely. Demis Hassabis, founder and chief executive of DeepMind, said in a video interview that anyone building artificial intelligence, including governments and companies, should do the same thing. “They should definitely be thinking about the ethical consequences of what they do,” Dr. Hassabis said. “Way ahead of time.” A version of this article appears in print on November 6, 2014, on Page E2 of the New York edition with the headline: Artificial Intelligence as a Threat. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Technology, labor shortages, demographics and other factors could alter working conditions and jobs themselves in the future. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Subscribe Today Log In Subscribed, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Russ Wiles, The Republic | azcentral.com Published 7:00 a.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 | Updated 1:55 p.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 IFRAME: 105162868 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. Tom Tingle/azcentral.com Robots Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, left, talks about Baxter the robot with Ph.D. student Simon Stepputtis, middle, and masters student Trevor Richardson at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017.(Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE You might not be in your dream job. Most likely, you don't make as much money as you would like. But let's face it: Today's employment market has improved substantially over the past several years. The nation already is nearly back to what economists call full employment, with a U.S. jobless rate easing to near 4 percent. But that favorable trend masks a lot of pain, dislocation and disruption for people in certain occupations, with more coming. Robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures are almost certain to alter the employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years, for better or worse. Here are some of the ways jobs and employment could change over the next five or 10 years: Your co-worker: A robot Robotics and automation already have made huge inroads, especially in manufacturing. Get ready for more changes ahead. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. The researchers examined more than 700 occupations, examining the tasks workers perform, the skills required and the engineering obstacles currently preventing computerization. Tasks less at risk are those requiring creative and social skills. Jobs in transportation, logistics and office administration are at high risk for replacement. Driverless vehicles, including big trucks, already are on the highways. While robots mainly have been utilized so far in manufacturing, millions of service jobs could be next, according to the Oxford report. Automation in service industries could be more significant, given that the service sector has a lot more jobs than manufacturing and agriculture. A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. By contrast, occupations with a low risk of displacement include recreational therapists, social workers, mechanic supervisors, health technicians and hearing-aid specialists. Technological advances are a double-edged sword. They will wipe out some jobs but create others. In retail, for example, automation has resulted in self-service cashier lanes. But the pending adoption of computerized reading glasses or goggles will give shoppers the ability to walk down grocery aisles and spot foods with certain traits such as those that are gluten-free or vegan, said John Challenger, CEO of outplacement-firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Other emerging products or apps will allow you to detect and identify desired products more easily with your smartphone. “Some of these new technologies will ultimately create jobs," he said. "Workers with experience using augmented or virtual reality will see the most opportunities, as will those who can help guide customers in this new experience or train fellow staff." A recent Ball State University study listed a number A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. (Photo: Tom Tingle/Special for The Republic) Robotics revolution Eventually, the adoption of robots and automation will become national trends. But so far, especially for robots, the impact has been concentrated. The Brookings Institution recently mapped the prevalence of industrial robots and noted a heavy cluster in Midwestern states and those in the Upper South where the auto industry is focused. More than half the nation’s 233,300 industrial robots are "burning welds, painting cars, assembling products, handling materials or packaging things in just 10 Midwestern and Southern states," the report said. Michigan alone has 12 percent of the nation's industrial robots, compared to 13 percent for all Western states combined. Ohio, Indiana and Tennessee also use robots extensively. The increased use of industrial robots will eliminate some jobs, including dangerous, repetitive and physically demanding ones, but it could create new ones. In addition to engineers who will be needed to design these machines and technicians to maintain and program them, others eventually will work side by side with robots, said Heni Ben Amor, an assistant engineering professor at Arizona State University. "In the past, there was a human/robot physical barrier because robots can be dangerous if you get hit by one," he said. "The new trend will bring the two worlds together." For example, he said humans could do work requiring physical dexterity, such as attaching small screws, while robots do heavy lifting or more repetitive tasks. Lingering unease Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, right, demonstrates a manufacturing robot with Ph.D. student Kevin Luck, left, and visiting molecular medicine scientist Tamara Blätte, at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Ben Amor said he's excited about the potential for job gains with advances in robotics. "It's going to create way more jobs than the number lost," he predicted. Ben Amor considers driverless vehicles to fall under the banner of robotics, as both involve machines or systems perceiving changes in the environment and taking actions in response. He believes Arizona could have a bright future in the development of driverless cars and trucks, given that Uber, Alphabet, General Motors and Intel all have tested such vehicles on public roads around the Valley. The unusual concentration of tests here has attracted the attention of a lot of smart students and young entrepreneurs who want to work for those companies or start their own, he said. Still, the adoption of robots and artificial intelligence often causes public anxiety over job losses. This anxiety spills over into politics. "It is telling that the robot incidence in red states that voted for President Trump in November is more than twice that in the blue states that voted for Hillary Clinton," Brookings noted in its report. While Arizona has fewer robots and thus less robot-induced anxiety, the state lags in other respects affecting jobs, prosperity and employment. For example, Arizona has a higher proportion of low-wage jobs, 27.8 percent, than the 24.2 percent national average, according to a report by Prosperity Now. The average pay of $49,700 in Arizona runs about $3,200 below the U.S. average, and a slightly smaller percentage of local employers offer health insurance to their workers. Jobs remain, but education needed Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) The pressures from robots, artificial intelligence and global outsourcing are serious, but the outlook isn't entirely bleak. The nation's economy is robust, resilient and innovative. New jobs will be created in new industries, as has regularly occurred in the past. A recent study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce estimates that there are still 30 million "good jobs" out there for workers who lack college degrees. Such jobs offer median or midpoint annual pay of $55,000 (and a minimum of $35,000). Many are found in health care, finance and information technology. Such positions have steadily replaced formerly good jobs in traditional blue-collar industries. For example, 25 years ago a machinist making $44,000 exemplified a good manufacturing job. Today, that description applies to a computer-support technician earning $60,000 a year. Other examples of good jobs cited in the report include financial managers, sales representatives and engineering technicians. Still, the study noted that the educational requirements for good jobs are rising. While college degrees aren't required, some higher education usually is. For workers with no more than a high school diploma, the number of good jobs has dropped by more than 1 million since 1991. By contrast, the number of good jobs for workers with an associate's degree has climbed by 3 million over that span. "To compete effectively, workers need some level of post-secondary education and training," the report said. "In addition, a variety of non-degree credentials are sometimes necessary to get those jobs, or to advance in them." Reviving trade jobs Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Ben Amor discusses robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures that are almost certain to alter employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Higher education is important, but many well-paying jobs don't require time spent in college classrooms. An estimated 10,000 or more unfilled jobs are in Arizona's construction trades — plumbers, electricians, dry-wall specialists, carpenters and others. The Brewer Companies, a large Phoenix plumbing company that includes Benjamin Franklin Plumbing on the retail side, is having such a hard time attracting workers that it has slowed its growth so that customer service and quality don't suffer. Brewer, which is looking for candidates to fill 35 open positions, could have grown at least 15 percent this year, said the company's CEO, Mike Brewer. Brewer offers paid apprenticeships for people wanting to become plumbers. Prior experience isn't needed, but applicants must be responsible and eager to work. "Will these people show up on time and work all day?" he asked. "It's not rocket science." Promising, doomed occupations Factors other than robotics, foreign competition and education affect jobs. So do industry strengths or weaknesses, customer demand and more. Kiplinger.com recently sorted through 785 occupations to glean what it considers the 10 best and worst, based on current average pay and future growth prospects. The 10 best are focused on technology and health care. In the tech field, promising positions include app developers and computer-systems analysts, while the health sector offers bright outlooks for nurse practitioners, physical therapists, health-services managers, physician assistants, dental hygienists and speech-language pathologists. Rounding out Kiplinger's top 10 are market-research analysts and financial advisers. The worst occupations are more varied but include many manufacturing positions such as textile-machine workers, photo processors, furniture finishers, metal/plastic machine operators and print binding/finishing workers. Robotics along with general technical obsolescence are dooming some of these jobs. Other positions with poor prospects, partly because they are highly competitive or offer low pay, include radio/TV announcers, legislators, floral designers, gaming cashiers and door-to-door salespeople, according to Kiplinger. STEM jobs — those in science, technology, engineering or math — enjoy especially good prospects. "The jobs of the future, no matter the industry or level, are no doubt going to involve at least a rudimentary knowledge of technology," said Challenger. People who enter a STEM profession will have a leg up on the competition, he added. Top STEM-focused jobs cited by his company for 2017 include computer-system analysts, statisticians, software developers, mathematicians and financial advisers. Median salaries in each of those fields already top $80,000, with unemployment rates below 2.5 percent. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. (Photo: Tom TIngle/The Republic) Part-time work: An expanding option? The assumption is that most people want full-time jobs with a range of benefits, but that's not necessarily so. In fact, more than one in six U.S. workers currently labor part-time, and many of these people do so from home. A part-time, remote job can be ideal for working parents, semi-retirees, individuals with health issues, military spouses and career changers, said Sara Sutton Fell, CEO of FlexJobs, a job-search website. Companies of all sizes and across a range of industries hire part-time, remote workers, she noted, citing nurses, accountants and digital-marketing strategists as examples. So too for tutors, writers and editors, computer coders, interpreters and customer-service representatives. With so many baby boomers in good health, part-time jobs remain an attractive option for young retirees — a way to remain socially engaged while generating extra income. In fact, 79 percent of workers polled recently by the Employee Benefit Research Institute said they plan to work for pay in retirement. However, just 29 percent of retirees, in the same poll, said they actually work or have worked for pay. This survey has consistently found a wide gap between the expectations of current workers to stay employed and the proportion of retirees who are. But with looming job shortages in some occupations and increasing employer flexibility, part-time work for retirees might be more feasible in coming years. Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com or 602-444-8616. READ MORE: Arizona doesn't have enough construction workers; contractors paying higher wages Will helping inmates hone skills, find jobs keep them out of prison? Conair warehouse in Glendale creates 350 jobs, huge corporate campus Low savings, poor jobs imperil Arizonans' prosperity, study says Summer jobs for teens are vanishing CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://azc.cc/2gyli6m Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Facebook CEO says AI naysayers can be "irresponsible." Musk says Zuckerberg's knowledge of AI "limited." Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Talking Tech Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 7:29 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 | Updated 11:30 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103987064 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg have very differing opinions of artificial intelligence, and their battle is heating up. Time This might be the closest thing we have to a tech beef. Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has been vocal about his concerns over the rise in artificial intelligence. Musk worries AI could be used in a way that threatens humanity. Recently, he implored governments to start enacting laws to regulate how AI is built and used. On Saturday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg hosted a live chat from his backyard (while grilling, of course). A viewer asked him about Musk's concerns and how he felt about AI. Zuckerberg said he's "really optimistic" for AI, and questions those naysayers "who drum up doomsday scenarios" about the technology. "It’s really negative," said Zuckerberg. "And in some ways, I think it’s really irresponsible." He notes while AI -- like any technology -- could be used for evil purposes, he sees the possibilities AI brings, including safer cars and tech that can better diagnose disease. "I’m just much more optimistic in general on this," he said. On Tuesday, Musk responded on Twitter after a user shared a story recapping Zuckerberg's comments. "I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited," wrote Musk. I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited. — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 25, 2017 In 2015, Musk and other big names in tech helped launch Open AI, a non-profit aimed at "discovering and enacting the path to safe, artificial general intelligence." A year later, tech giants including Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft formed a Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society to explore best practices for AI. Tesla was among the companies absent. Zuckerberg has been bullish about AI, even building his own smart home system inspired by Iron Man's Jarvis. Musk embraces AI, too, notably through Tesla and its autopilot self-driving system. But Musk has regularly expressed fears AI could grow out of control without proper safeguards. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but rather that it will follow the will of people that establish its utility function or its optimization function, and that ... if it is not well thought out – even if its intent is benign – it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said in a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there Christopher Elliott, Special for USA TODAY Published 3:00 p.m. MT Aug. 27, 2017 FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedIn Tips and tricks all travelers should know Fullscreen [facebook-loading.gif] Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with a thorough search. Check an online travel agency like Expedia or Booking.com or call your travel agent. Check the rate against the price your preferred hotel would charge if you book direct. 2. Review the restrictions. Hotels can impose restrictions for booking through their site, like making their rooms non-refundable, so read the conditions closely before deciding where to go. You might be better off working with a big agency that has negotiated better terms. 3. Check the incentives. Ask yourself if you really need the points or the upgrade. Red Roof Fullscreen Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating out. If you order takeout, no tip is expected because no table service is provided. 2. Visit a business with a no-tipping policy. But beware: Instead, some "no tipping" restaurants add a mandatory "service charge" of 18% to 20%. 3. Avoid the outstretched hands. (You can.) You can stay in vacation rentals, rent a car or use mass transit, buy your food in a grocery store and take the self-guided tour and avoid having to leave a tip. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 1. Carry a vacation rental emergency kit. If you're staying at a rental, be prepared. Consider an emergency kit with towels, toilet paper, soap and detergent. 2. Consider renting through a service. Companies such as Vacasa, Wyndham Vacation Rentals and TurnKey Vacation Rentals go beyond bare-bones listings. 3. Just ask. Vacation rental owners can be very accommodating. Getty Images Fullscreen How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click the unsubscribe button. Every legitimate email campaign must have one. The sooner you click it, the louder your message to the hotel, tour operator or cruise line that these high-pressure tactics won't be tolerated. 2. Say "no" — and say why. Most travel companies will offer a "feedback" option when you opt out of an email campaign. Tell them why you're unsubscribing, especially if the annoyance affects whether you'd do business with them again. 3. Tell the feds. Complain to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) if a business is emailing you without consent. Under the CAN-SPAM Act, you have the right to end the seemingly relentless emails. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent to a supervisor. Ask for a Supervisory Transportation Security Officer (STSO) immediately. 2. Complain in writing. You can send an email directly to the TSA (tsa.gov/contact-center/form/complaints). 3. Contact your elected representative. You can contact your representative online at house.gov/representatives/find. Congress has tried to hold the agency accountable for its actions in the past, and its vigilance is bipartisan. Scott Olson, Getty Images Fullscreen Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been denied: 1. Your state insurance commissioner. To find your insurance commissioner, visit the National Association of Insurance Commissioners site: naic.org/index_members.htm. Some travelers have reported that their claims were honored after copying their state insurance commissioner on their appeal. 2. The Better Business Bureau (BBB). The BBB investigates claims of this nature, but it has little sway over the final outcome of your appeal. 3. A consumer advocate. Even though travel insurance companies operate "by the book," they can be prodded into changing their minds by an outside party. Check out the National Association of Consumer Advocates site for a referral: consumeradvocates.org. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you shouldn't go. Generally, you should avoid flying if you're sick, recovering from a serious illness or have a condition that is easily exacerbated by the stress of flying. 2. Don't fly if you're contagious.Airlines will issue a credit and may waive the change fee if you can prove you were sick at the time you were supposed to fly. 3. Avoid flights that could divert. Some flights are likelier to experience a medical emergency than others, particularly those to destinations that tend to attract retirees or passengers in poor health. Flights to Las Vegas, Miami and Fort Lauderdale may fall into that category. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. It doesn't just save space, it can prevent wrinkles. 2. Spray 'em out. Wrinkle-release sprays can fix travel-related wrinkles in a pinch. 3. Don't overpack — or underpack. “Wrinkling is caused when the bag is underpacked or overstuffed, so add or remove items until you have the perfect amount of items to keep the items in place while traveling," advises author Tori Toth. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 1. Cite the rules, chapter and verse. If you have a strong case for compensation or a refund, it'll be in the contract. 2. Lawyer up — without lawyering up. Without threatening to go to court, let the company know that it may be violating the law (if, indeed, it is). 3. Appeal to a company's customer service culture. Travel companies frequently promote warranties, customer promises or mission statements that claim to put you first. A quick reference to these documents can be enough to persuade an airline, car rental company, hotel or cruise line to do the right thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing medical conditions. Though some policies offer a waiver for medical conditions, you have to make sure you meet all of its conditions. 2. Changing your mind. Don't want to take the vacation? Most insurance won't cover you, but you can always go for a more expensive "cancel for any reason" policy, which would. 3. Psychological or nervous disorders. If you can't board a flight because you're afraid of flying, you generally can't file a successful claim. 4. Partying too hard. If you had a little too much to drink the night before your return flight and missed it, don't bother filing a claim. scyther5, Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration dates. Both visas and passports have an expiration date. Be aware of them, and make sure you don't overstay. 2. Take the right photo. Countries are specific about their requirements (no sunglasses, no hats, specific formatting). 3. Remember, a visa isn't a guarantee of admission. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal recommendation remains the best way to find a competent travel professional. 2. Use an agent finder. The American Society of Travel Agents publishes a directory of its agents at Travelsense.org. Also, check a consortium such as Virtuoso or Travel Leaders. 3. Look for the title. The Certified Travel Associate (CTA) and Certified Travel Counselor (CTC) designations issued by The Travel Institute are signs that your agent has taken the time to study up on the industry. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine print. Many surprises aren't surprises at all — they're just "gotchas" concealed in the fine print. Look for the "terms and conditions" in small type. Don't ignore them. 2. Ask before you rent. Does your car insurance cover the vehicle? How about your credit card? The only way to know for certain is to ask. If you assume, you may be stuck with an unnecessary bill. 3. Resolve in real time. Don't wait until you get home to fix a bad surprise. Most problems can be resolved at the counter. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's record. Fake reviews are often posted by accounts with little or no additional review history. 2. Show and tell. Talk is cheap, but photos of a resort or restaurant are harder to fake. You might think twice before trusting a detailed review without photos. 3. Look for extremes. If you see a one-star or a five-star rating or a lot of superlatives in the description, chances are you're looking at a fake. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, but don't over explain. 2. Avoid a confrontation. Restaurants and other establishments generally push you to offer a tip privately. Just leave the tip field on your credit card slip blank or decline to leave extra cash. 3. Use the system to your advantage. For example, can the employee see the tip amount you're authorizing on Square? Not always. If you don't believe you should be tipping, just click the "no tip" field and sign the screen. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out of downtown areas. Restricted zones are largely confined to heavily congested city centers. 2. Do the math. Pay particular attention to the difference between kilometers and miles, and slow down unless you want a speeding ticket! 3. Read the signs. Look for red circles with the words "Zona Traffico Limitato" in them when you're in Italy. In Germany, it's called an "Umweltzone." In Britain, the signs read, "Congestion Charging" and "Central Zone." Getty Images Fullscreen How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some cruise lines offer single cabins. And some tour operators charge modest single supplements. 2. Non-refundable tickets: Southwest Airlines has some of the most passenger-friendly fares and fees, when it comes to changes. 3. Fuel surcharges: Fortunately, these fees must be included in the price of your ticket. But if you see an airline with high fuel surcharges in time of lower oil prices, you may want to seek one that doesn't. 4. Resort fees: Don't stay at a hotel with resort fees. It's the only way to send a message that you don't tolerate these misrepresentations. Steve Mason, Getty Images Fullscreen How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. Don't play fast and loose with your ID. Your passport and ID are some of the most important travel documents. Don't leave them in your hotel room. And when you carry them on your person, keep them close to you, preferably in a money belt or travel wallet. 2. Keep 'em separated. Don't store critical documents in the same place. You may need one in order to replace the other. 3. Upload copies of critical documents online. A copy of a document by itself will not allow you to travel, but it can make the process to replace a passport a whole lot easier. Michael Reynolds, EPA Fullscreen How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage cubes allow you to compress lots of clothes into a compact space. 2. Vacuum pack it. You'd be surprised how much air is between the clothes in your carry-on. A vacuum packing technology can create even more space, although your clothes may be a little wrinkly. 3. Roll it. Instead of folding your clothes and pushing them into the bag, fold and then roll. Even without a cube or vacuum pack, you'll fit more in your luggage. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting and late flights. Generally, the more connections you make, and the later in the day your flight leaves, the greater the chances something will go wrong. 2. Know your rights. By far the best resource for airline consumer rights, at least when it comes to federal regulations, is the DOT's Fly Rights brochure, which is available online. Also, check your airline's contract of carriage. 3. Be grateful. Take a deep breath and appreciate the big picture. If your flight lands safely, that's the most important thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. Stay at a hotel with top-notch reviews or customer service scores. 2. Check in and check out. If a hotel doesn't meet your standards, don't let an employee talk you into staying, even if you've prepaid for your stay. Leave and ask for a refund. If you don't get it, dispute the charges on your credit card. 3. Report the hotel. If you check into a property that's unlivable, your next call needs to be to the health department to report the condition of the hotel. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with names you trust. Airbnb, VRBO and FlipKey have legitimate rentals and higher standards. 2. Assume nothing. Every vacation rental comes with linens, right? Wrong. 3. Never wire money. Wiring money can lead to the most unpleasant surprise of all: a rental that doesn't even exist. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're booking online, avoid pop-up blockers, unconventional browsers or anything that might interfere with the normal display process. Why? Clever operatives can hide their disclosures in places that can't be seen if you're browsing in an unconventional way. 2. Use a big screen. Making reservations on a tiny phone screen is just asking for trouble. 3. Review the grand total. Almost always, you'll find every required extra, including taxes and fees, as part of the "final" charge. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. Tolls: Car rental companies add extra fees for using their transponders, sometimes charging by the day. Either bring your own toll transponder or avoid tolls with a reliable mapping app. 2. High insurance rates: Car rental insurance can be found in unexpected places, including your own credit card, travel insurance policy or as a standalone product from your online travel agency. 3. Tickets: Download an app like Speed Cameras & Traffic by Sygic, which lets you see the speed limit for the road you are traveling on, or CamSam Plus, which alerts you to speed cameras. Many GPS navigation systems also come equipped with traffic enforcement warnings. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. Stay with a hotel that offers hypoallergenic rooms, which are not scented. Most of the major chains now offer no-smell quarters. 2. If you smell something, say something. Some hotels pump smells into every part of the property. If you're sensitive to scents, don't wait until you're halfway through your visit to complain. 3. Fumigate your own room. If all else fails, open a window, or find the source of the smell and stop it. emera Technologies/Getty Images Fullscreen What to do at the airport for free while you wait: What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 1. See the art. Phoenix Sky Harbor, for example, has an impressive collection of art. 2. Watch the planes. One of the best places to plane-spot is Honolulu International Airport. Terminals there are connected by long, open-air walkways, where you can see the aircraft up close, smell the aircraft fuel and hear the deafening roar of aircraft engines revving up. 3. Take a hike. Stretch your legs before you take off by walking through the airport terminal. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will assign a desirable aisle seat to passengers who need the extra room or access to the lavatory. You can also ask a fellow passenger to switch with you after boarding. 2. Pull the card. If you have a loyalty card, you may be entitled to a better seat, even if you're sitting in economy class. 3. Pay for one. Airlines will love this suggestion because they'll make more money from you. But if avoiding a window or aisle is important, you may want to spend a few extra dollars. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your personal information private while How to keep your personal information private while traveling: 1. Use a virtual private network. A VPN creates a secure encrypted tunnel between your device and a server somewhere on the Internet. That makes it nearly impossible for someone on the same network to eavesdrop on your network traffic. 2. Tell your phone to say "no." Disable location services, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi when possible. 3. Use caution in rental cars. Either manually enter the address into the car’s navigation system or use your own device, but don't connect to the infotainment system. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's less noise. The front of the aircraft is less noisy and tends to have a quieter kind of passenger (read: business travelers). On a train, look for the quiet cars. 2. Block it. Noise canceling headsets can filter out unwanted noise. But if you're serious about avoiding noise pollution, always travel with a pair of earplugs. 3. Timing is everything. Don't expect to get much quiet if you're in New Orleans around Mardi Gras or in one of the popular spring break destinations in March. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign up for a company's frequent-renter program, which allows you to state your preferences before you arrive. That could make you less vulnerable to upgrade, downgrade and option games. 2. Automated check-in kiosks limit the amount of interaction with a salesperson. But pay close attention to what you're agreeing to on the screen. 3. Carry a copy of your car insurance or evidence of insurance through your travel insurance policy or credit card. If you don't, a representative could pressure you — or even deny you the keys to a car. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol and drugs are a major factor of in-flight incidents. So book an early morning flight to avoid heavily intoxicated passengers. 2. Avoid tight quarters. Use a site such as Routehappy that finds flights based on amenities and comfort. 3. And choose the right seat. A bulkhead row, exit row or seat near the galley might be less likely to be the scene of a midair disturbance. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with 1 of 31 * Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating 2 of 31 * How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 3 of 31 * How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click 4 of 31 * How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent 5 of 31 * Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been 6 of 31 * How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you 7 of 31 * How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. 8 of 31 * How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 9 of 31 * What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing 10 of 31 * How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration 11 of 31 * How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal 12 of 31 * How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine 13 of 31 * How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's 14 of 31 * How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, 15 of 31 * How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out 16 of 31 * How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some 17 of 31 * How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. 18 of 31 * How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage 19 of 31 * How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting 20 of 31 * How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. 21 of 31 * How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with 22 of 31 * How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're 23 of 31 * How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid 24 of 31 * How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. 25 of 31 * What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 26 of 31 * How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will 27 of 31 * How to keep your personal information private while 28 of 31 * How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's 29 of 31 * How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign 30 of 31 * How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol 31 of 31 Autoplay Show Thumbnails Show Captions Last SlideNext Slide XXX IMG_IMG_3252.PNG_1_1_T5HUR530.JPG Chatbots now work well for ordering a pizza, but managing a complex travel itinerary is a different story.(Photo: Facebook) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Ask any technology expert about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in travel and they'll breathlessly tell you we're on the verge of a revolution. They'll describe a world in the not-too-distant future where smart applications can find and book a bargain airfare, manage your trip and troubleshoot any problems that might come up with greater speed and efficiency than any human travel agent. But ask any traveler to describe their experience with AI, and you might hear a different story: One of struggling to be understood by technology that claims to be smart. These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Technology may be good and getting better, but nothing replaces a person. That's unlikely to change for a while, and maybe ever. Take my recent experience with Hipmunk, widely praised as the cleverest of the customer-facing AIs. I asked it repeatedly to recommend a cold-weather getaway. Instead, it suggested I book a getaway to Nassau, Bahamas. When asked for an island with lower temperatures, Hipmunk cheerfully changed my itinerary -- to a weekend in balmy Port Au Prince, Haiti. "I don't think that AI in travel is even remotely usable yet," says Brian Harniman, who founded Brand New Matter, a strategic advisory and venture capital firm that specializes in travel. "It's what people are talking about building in order to sound like they have cutting edge tech." Hipmunk shouldn't feel bad. In the recent past, social media chatbots have created their own incomprehensible language, spouted expletives and in one memorable case, two Chinese AIs churned out anti-revolutionary statements and had to be taken offline. Several travel chatbots I tested didn't even respond to my repeated text queries. Not knowing the difference between the Bahamas and Iceland is, by comparison, a relatively innocent mistake. "Every experience I've had has been a total waste of time," says Bruce Sweigert, who works for a travel technology company. "I would love to hear at least one positive anecdote about using artificial intelligence in travel." I asked travelers to tell me about their great AI experiences, but heard only crickets. Perhaps the they were too busy enjoying their AI-booked vacations. People in the industry, on the other hand, were downright chatty. They explained that my expectations of the technology, which is still in an early stage, are too high. AI is reasonably good at simple tasks, for now they say. "It can replace some of the simpler tasks," explains Kayne McGladrey, a computer security consultant in Bellingham, Wash. AI can help plan trips, recommend the least agonizing flight itineraries and handle some of the easier tasks handled by a hotel concierge, like recommending restaurants. There's a reason why this technology works so well: it's not that new. Applications like "Ask Julie," the Amtrak automated virtual travel assistant, are five years old. Julie can field basic questions about train schedules, but don't get too cute with her. For example, if you ask about how comfortable the trains are, she's likely to respond with, "I'm not sure how to answer that. I understand simple questions best. Can you try asking that in a different way?" Some of the latest applications can go further. For example, Avianca’s new AI, Carla, can confirm itineraries and flight status. For domestic flights in Colombia, passengers can even check-in through Carla using a mobile device. And Booking.com's new booking assistant allows you to get support for your upcoming hotel reservations, including fast responses to your most common stay-related requests, like "What's my check-in time?" But other chatbots are frustratingly one-dimensional. Ana, Copa Airlines' new web-based chatbot, seems more like a frequently-asked-questions section than an intelligent agent. It "suggests" questions from a pre-written list of queries. Even insiders admit that the most advanced system is easily foiled. "My Irish accent gets stronger the more frustrated I get," says Conor Brady, chief creative officer of Critical Mass, an experience design agency in New York. "And obviously travel can get stressful. So voice assistants stop understanding me, as I'm yelling into my phone to translate a street name in Hong Kong, or point me in the direction of a decent cup of coffee in Lisbon." Maybe you can have the best of both worlds. That's the idea behind new apps like Pana (pana.com/) and Lola (lola.com), which combine the best of AI with human agents. For now, letting the technology do the dirty work and allowing human agents to handle the complex stuff seems like the most reasonable course. The technologists are right: artificial intelligence will change the way you travel. But maybe not in the way they think -- or the way you think. Where to find good AI in travel Hopper (hopper.com): Serves personalized suggestions about trips you may be interested in, but haven't explicitly searched or watched, based on your activity in the app -- just like Netflix recommends movies you might like. Skyscanner (messenger.com/t/skyscanner): A social media chatbot that helps you quickly find a cheap airfare on Facebook Messenger. I found a bargain fare from Seattle to Hong Kong. But you have to be specific, giving it an exact city. It found the least expensive dates to fly. Carla, The CWT Personal Travel Assistant (cwtcarla.com/CarlaWeChat/): Still in development when I tested it, this AI chatbot for business travel has a lot of potential. It can make smarter recommendations on flight connections and lodgings, plus it memorizes your company's travel policy and your travel preferences. Christopher Elliott is a consumer advocate. Contact him at chris@elliott.org or visit elliott.org. CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2xEGAG2 Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! From The USA TODAY NETWORK These sites are part of the USA TODAY NETWORK. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * The IBM computer system known as ... IBM, Associated Press file The IBM computer system known as Watson, at IBM’s research center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., will work in mining epic amounts of weather data to come up with actionable insights about the weather. By The Associated Press September 10, 2017 at 12:03 am [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free BOSTON— IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 2, 2018 Amazon will buy Target this year, analyst predicts * December 23, 2017 Apple said to develop EKG heart monitor for future watch * December 22, 2017 What can be done to prevent deadly car rammings? * December 16, 2017 Denver among the 10 U.S. metro areas with largest income gains since the recession Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM’s nearby research center in Cambridge, Mass. * Tags: * artificial intelligence * IBM * More Business News More in Business * A donation is made into a ... 6 ways the world of giving could change in 2018 January 14, 2018, 12:01 am From pessimism about new federal tax laws to politically-motivated “rage philanthropy,” 2018 promises to be transformational. * Crews work on new development along ... Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor January 14, 2018, 3:02 pm City leaders in Thornton last week signed off on a $3.75 million incentive package for Topgolf to build one of its sprawling dining and golf entertainment venues in the city. * Co-authors of the book Lakota Performers ... From Lookout Mountain to Belgium, setting the record straight on American Indian performers January 14, 2018, 12:01 am Despite what many may think, Buffalo Bill and Wild West Shows helped preserve Lakota culture, authors say. * The original Denver Branch building, located ... A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank January 14, 2018, 12:01 am A century before Amazon created a national frenzy to host its second headquarters, U.S. cities battled to claim one of a dozen regional banks that would make up the newly formed Federal Reserve system. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59 billion industry Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * By The Washington Post July 23, 2017 at 10:39 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free China aims to make the artificial intelligence industry a “new, important” driver of economic expansion by 2020, according to a development plan issued by the State Council. Policymakers want to be global leaders, with the AI industry generating more than 400 billion yuan ($59 billion) of output per year by 2025, according to an announcement from the Cabinet late Thursday. Key development areas include AI software and hardware, intelligent robotics and vehicles, virtual reality and augmented reality, it said. “Artificial intelligence has become the new focus of international competition,” the report said. “We must take the initiative to firmly grasp the next stage of AI development to create a new competitive advantage, open the development of new industries and improve the protection of national security.” The plan highlights China’s ambition to become a world power backed by its technology business giants, research centers and military, which are investing heavily in AI. Globally, the technology will contribute as much as $15.7 trillion to output by 2030, according to a PwC report last month. That’s more than the current combined output of China and India. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-2.html “The positive economic ripples could be pretty substantial,” said Kevin Lau, a senior economist at Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. “The simple fact that China is embracing AI and having explicit targets for its development over the next decade is certainly positive for the continued upgrading of the manufacturing sector and overall economic transformation.” Chinese AI-related stocks advanced Friday. CSG Smart Science & Technology Co. climbed as much as 9.3 percent in Shenzhen before closing 3.1 percent higher, while intelligent management software developer Mesnac Co. surged 9.8 percent after hitting the 10 percent daily limit in earlier trading. AI will have a significant influence on society and the international community, according to an opinion piece by East China University of Political Science and Law professor Gao Qiqi published Wednesday in the People’s Daily, the flagship newspaper of the Communist Party. PwC found that the world’s second-biggest economy stands to gain more than any other from AI because of the high proportion of output derived from manufacturing. Related Articles * January 14, 2018 A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Fund manager Q&A: What to expect from muni bonds in 2018 * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests Another report from Accenture and Frontier Economics last month estimated that AI could increase China’s annual growth rate by 1.6 percentage point to 7.9 percent by 2035 in terms of gross value added, a close proxy for GDP, adding more than $7 trillion. The State Council directive also called for China’s businesses, universities and armed forces to work more closely in developing the technology. “We will further implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian developments,” it said. “Scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and military units should communicate and coordinate.” More AI professionals and scientists should be trained, the State Council said. It also called for promoting interdisciplinary research to connect AI with other subjects such as cognitive science, psychology, mathematics and economics. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-3.html * Tags: * artificial intelligence * China * More Business News * robotics * virtual reality More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video How artificial intelligence is taking on… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * File photo, employees watch electronic ... Yun Dong-jin, Yonhap via AP, File In this Monday, May 15, 2017, file photo, employees watch electronic boards to monitor possible ransomware cyberattacks at the Korea Internet and Security Agency in Seoul, South Korea. Unable to rely on good human behavior, computer security experts are developing software techniques to fight ransomware. But getting these protections in the hands of users is challenging. By The Associated Press June 28, 2017 at 11:44 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free By Anick Jesdanun, The Associated Press NEW YORK — Twice in the space of six weeks, the world has suffered major attacks of ransomware — malicious software that locks up photos and other files stored on your computer, then demands money to release them. It’s clear that the world needs better defenses, and fortunately those are starting to emerge, if slowly and in patchwork fashion. When they arrive, we may have artificial intelligence to thank. Ransomware isn’t necessary trickier or more dangerous than other malware that sneaks onto your computer, but it can be much more aggravating, and at times devastating. Most such infections don’t get in your face about taking your digital stuff away from you the way ransomware does, nor do they shake you down for hundreds of dollars or more. Despite those risks, many people just aren’t good at keeping up with security software updates. Both recent ransomware attacks walloped those who failed to install a Windows update released a few months earlier. Watchdog security software has its problems, too. With this week’s ransomware attack , only two of about 60 security services tested caught it at first, according to security researchers. “A lot of normal applications, especially on Windows, behave like malware, and it’s hard to tell them apart,” said Ryan Kalember, an expert at the California security vendor Proofpoint. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 13, 2018 Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits * January 13, 2018 Angry tweets, viral videos are teaching airlines to observe social media, and respond HOW TO FIND MALWARE In the early days, identifying malicious programs such as viruses involved matching their code against a database of known malware. But this technique was only as good as the database; new malware variants could easily slip through. So security companies started characterizing malware by its behavior. In the case of ransomware, software could look for repeated attempts to lock files by encrypting them. But that can flag ordinary computer behavior such as file compression. Newer techniques involve looking for combinations of behaviors. For instance, a program that starts encrypting files without showing a progress bar on the screen could be flagged for surreptitious activity, said Fabian Wosar, chief technology officer at the New Zealand security company Emsisoft. But that also risks identifying harmful software too late, after some files have already been locked up. An even better approach identifies malware using observable characteristics usually associated with malicious intent — for instance, by quarantining a program disguised with a PDF icon to hide its true nature. This sort of malware profiling wouldn’t rely on exact code matches, so it couldn’t be easily evaded. And such checks could be made well before potentially dangerous programs start running. MACHINE VS. MACHINE Still, two or three characteristics might not properly distinguish malware from legitimate software. But how about dozens? Or hundreds? Or even thousands? For that, security researchers turn to machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence. The security system analyzes samples of good and bad software and figures out what combination of factors is likely to be present in malware. As it encounters new software, the system calculates the probability that it’s malware, and rejects those that score above a certain threshold. When something gets through, it’s a matter of tweaking the calculations or adjusting the threshold. Now and then, researchers see a new behavior to teach the machine. AN ARMS RACE On the flip side, malware writers can obtain these security tools and tweak their code to see if they can evade detection. Some websites already offer to test software against leading security systems. Eventually, malware authors may start creating their own machine-learning models to defeat security-focused artificial intelligence. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder and chief technology officer at the California vendor CrowdStrike, said that even if a particular system offers 99 percent protection, “it’s just a math problem of how many times you have to deviate your attack to get that 1 percent.” Still, security companies employing machine learning have claimed success in blocking most malware, not just ransomware. SentinelOne even offers a $1 million guarantee against ransomware; it hasn’t had to pay it yet. A FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGE So why was ransomware still able to spread in recent weeks? Garden-variety anti-virus software — even some of the free versions — can help block new forms of malware, as many are also incorporating behavioral-detection and machine-learning techniques. But such software still relies on malware databases that users aren’t typically good at keeping up to date. Next-generation services such as CrowdStrike, SentinelOne and Cylance tend to ditch databases completely in favor of machine learning. But these services focus on corporate customers, charging $40 to $50 a year per computer. Smaller businesses often don’t have the budget — or the focus on security — for that kind of protection. And forget consumers; these security companies aren’t selling to them yet. Though Cylance plans to release a consumer version in July, it says it’ll be a tough sell — at least until someone gets attacked personally or knows a friend or family member who has. As Cylance CEO Stuart McClure puts it: “When you haven’t been hit with a tornado, why would you get tornado insurance?” * Tags: * artificial intelligence * cybersecurity * malware * ransomware * Windows More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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No answer yet Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash Plane dangles off cliff after skidding off runway in Turkey Ultratight labor market in Minn. driven by jump in low-wage jobs Fraud trial against former Starkey executives starts Tuesday Live: Vikings jump out to 10-0 lead on Saints A snowy entry in store for fans heading to today's Vikings game Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota Bill Murray returns to 'SNL' as Steve Bannon on 'Morning Joe' spoof Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 next 442462823 Putin: Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world Associated Press September 1, 2017 — 9:20am Text size comment share tweet email Print more Share on: Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on Pinterest Copy shortlink: ____________________ Purchase: Order Reprint MOSCOW — Russian President Vladimir Putin says that whoever reaches a breakthrough in developing artificial intelligence will come to dominate the world. Putin, speaking Friday at a meeting with students, said the development of AI raises "colossal opportunities and threats that are difficult to predict now." He warned that "the one who becomes the leader in this sphere will be the ruler of the world." Putin warned that "it would be strongly undesirable if someone wins a monopolist position" and promised that Russia would be ready to share its know-how in artificial intelligence with other nations. The Russian leader predicted that future wars will be fought by drones, and "when one party's drones are destroyed by drones of another, it will have no other choice but to surrender." View Comments Read our comment standards StarTribune.com welcomes and encourages readers to comment and engage in substantive, mutually respectful exchanges over news topics. Commenters must follow our Terms of Use. 1. Keep it civil and stay on topic. 2. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. 3. Comments with web links are not permitted. 4. 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Cheese's looks to lure a new * Entertainment o Restaurants & Bars o Music o TV o Movies o Arts & Theater o Horoscopes o Books o Things To Do o Puzzles & Games Fan releases ‘trailer’ for Drake documentary about Houston - Photo Fan releases ‘trailer’ for Drake documentary about Houston Houston Symphony announces new CEO - Photo Houston Symphony announces new CEO 'Big Brother' star Rebekah Shelton falls victim to celebrity death hoax - Photo 'Big Brother' star Rebekah Shelton falls victim to celebrity Gloria Trevi and Alejandra Guzman are returning to Sugar Land - Photo Gloria Trevi and Alejandra Guzman are returning to Sugar Land * Life o Society o Travel o Style o Food & Cooking o Health o Escapes o Luxe Life o Houston Gives o Weddings o Sponsored Content o Product Reviews o Live Healthy Pastor drives 1,000 miles to get to his small church - and the people who need him - Photo Pastor drives 1,000 miles to get to his small church - and the Texas Guinan, Janis Joplin and other awesome Texas women you should know - Photo Texas Guinan, Janis Joplin and other awesome Texas women you Perfectionism is taking its toll among college students - Photo Perfectionism is taking its toll among college students Video catches hundreds of tumbleweeds crossing Texas road in eerie spectacle - Photo Video catches hundreds of tumbleweeds crossing Texas road in * Jobs o Advanced search o Browse job categories o Salary Wizard o Career Rescue o Careers in Engineering o Salute to Nurses o Work & Career Advice o Post a Job Is that dream opportunity really a nightmare? - Photo Is that dream opportunity really a nightmare? These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K - Photo These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K Set a career goal for every month of 2016 - Photo Set a career goal for every month of 2016 The highest-paying entry-level jobs - Photo The highest-paying entry-level jobs * Cars o New Car Search o Used Car Search o Certified Car Search o Houston Auto Dealers The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit - Photo The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH - Photo Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain - Photo Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain BMW turns 100 years old: A look back - Photo BMW turns 100 years old: A look back * Real Estate o Home Price Survey o Farms & Ranches o Senior Living o My Perfect Hous(e)ton Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction - Photo Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community - Photo Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas - Photo Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas MenuSections [print-header-logo.png] http://www.chron.com/news/science-environment/article/Google-s-Artifici al-Intelligence-acts-10931151.php Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered By Fernando Ramirez Published 10:45 am, Tuesday, February 14, 2017 * * * * * * * * * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org Photo: David McNew/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-23', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 23', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/23 Caption Close Image 1 of 23 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Image 2 of 23 LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017. Source: The Telegraph less LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA ... more Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images Image 3 of 23 Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved." Source: NBC less Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. ... more Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images Image 4 of 23 The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017. Source: CBS News less The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be ... more Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images Image 5 of 23 Image 6 of 23 Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017. Source: NPR less Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may ... more Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Image 7 of 23 Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages." Source: Inc less Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer ... more Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images Image 8 of 23 The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images Image 9 of 23 A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand." Source: NBC less A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to ... more Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images Image 10 of 23 Image 11 of 23 Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics Image 12 of 23 For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images Image 13 of 23 The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn. Source: NASA less The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September ... more Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images Image 14 of 23 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures. Source: Climatecentral.org less 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming ... more Photo: David McNew/Getty Images Image 15 of 23 Image 16 of 23 Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images Image 17 of 23 The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images Image 18 of 23 More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard." Source: Time less More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on ... more Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images Image 19 of 23 China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Image 20 of 23 Image 21 of 23 Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world." Source: Inc less Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these ... more Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images Image 22 of 23 The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Source: BBC less The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the ... more Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images Image 23 of 23 Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered 1 / 23 Back to Gallery Being a sore loser is not an admired quality; especially when it's a sophisticated piece of artificial intelligence that's lashing out. Researchers at DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence lab, recently performed a number of tests by having its most complex AI play a series of a games with a version of itself. In the first game, two AI agents, one red and one blue, scramble to see who can collect the most apples, or green squares. Each AI has the option of firing off a long laser beam to stun the other AI, giving one player ample time to collect more precious green apples. SELF-DRIVING: Ford puts $1 billion in stealth artificial intelligence startup IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/he8_V0BvbWg Terrifyingly, it takes almost no time for both AI to start zapping each other relentlessly in the name of green apples. "These results show that agents learn aggressive policies in environments that combine a scarcity of resources with the possibility of costly action," wrote DeepMind's researchers in a study examining the tests. In addition, scientists were able to change details in the game that would push the AI into being more or less likely to zap their apple-gathering partner. For example, scientists lowered the frequency at which apples spawned and also upped the stun time for each AI's laser, tweaks that resulted in a "highly aggressive" game. ALL IN: Texas Hold 'Em may be the next frontier in artificial intelligence On Friday, Apple announced that it has formally joined The Partnership on AI to Benefit People and Society. Other members of the organization include: Amazon, Facebook, Google/Deep Mind, IBM and Microsoft. The Partnership on AI aims to advance the public understanding of artificial intelligence and create the best practices for it It plans to do research under an open license on areas such as ethics, privacy, fairness, inclusivity, transparency and privacy. Media: Brandpoint While all of this may sound like an "Ex Machina" omen, there are people behind the scenes working to avoid a Skynet-style fate. When Google first purchased DeepMind in 2014 for $500 million, it agreed to set up an ethics and safety board as part of the deal. So far, Google has yet to say whose on the board or what exactly they do, but hopefully they've paid attention to what happens when their AI is up against the ropes. Click through above to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017. 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These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K - Photo These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K Set a career goal for every month of 2016 - Photo Set a career goal for every month of 2016 The highest-paying entry-level jobs - Photo The highest-paying entry-level jobs * Cars o New Car Search o Used Car Search o Certified Car Search o Houston Auto Dealers The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit - Photo The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH - Photo Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain - Photo Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain BMW turns 100 years old: A look back - Photo BMW turns 100 years old: A look back * Real Estate o Home Price Survey o Farms & Ranches o Senior Living o My Perfect Hous(e)ton Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction - Photo Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community - Photo Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas - Photo Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas MenuSections [print-header-logo.png] http://www.thewrap.com/facebook-ai-creates-its-own-language-to-negotiat e-deals/ Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language New AI creates its own language to negotiate deals Sean Burch, provided by [rawImage.jpg] Published 11:32 am, Thursday, June 15, 2017 * * * * * * * * * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. / 2009 Christian Science Monitor * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images / Steve Debenport * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images / 2015 Anadolu Agency * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images / 2015 Getty Images * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? Photo: AP * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP / AP * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images / De Agostini Editorial * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-22', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 22', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/22 Caption Close Image 1 of 22 Image 2 of 22 What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. less What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some ... more Photo: 2009 Christian Science Monitor Image 3 of 22 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. less 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about ... more Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images Image 4 of 22 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. less 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of ... more Image 5 of 22 Image 6 of 22 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. less 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour ... more Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images Image 7 of 22 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. less 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ... more Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images Image 8 of 22 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? less 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an ... more Photo: AP Image 9 of 22 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. less 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically ... more Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 10 of 22 Image 11 of 22 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. less 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into ... more Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images Image 12 of 22 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. less 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over ... more Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP Image 13 of 22 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. less 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 14 of 22 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. less 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 15 of 22 Image 16 of 22 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. less 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of ... more Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 17 of 22 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” less 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting ... more Image 18 of 22 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. less 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way ... more Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images Image 19 of 22 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. less 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or ... more Image 20 of 22 Image 21 of 22 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. less 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — ... more Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP Image 22 of 22 Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language 1 / 22 Back to Gallery Add dealmaking to the growing list of skills artificial intelligence will soon outperform humans at. A new report from Facebook’s Artificial Intelligence Research lab reveals its AI “dialog agents” were able to negotiate remarkably well — at one point communicating in a unique nonhuman language. The model had two chatbots use “machine learning” to continuously improve its negotiating tactics with each other. Facebook researchers had to pause the experiment when the bots’ new mode of communicating “led to divergence from human language as the agents developed their own language for negotiating.” Also Read: Facebook Closed Captioning Screwed Up Facebook CEO's Harvard Speech Even without its own language, the research provided an eerie glimpse at the power of machine learning. The bots quickly moved to high-level methods of deal-making, capable of “feigning interest in a valueless item” — allowing the bots to make compromises. It has been just over a year since Facebook first unveiled its chatbots, the social networking giant isn't done making improvements to dialog-driven assistants. Today, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research released a new framework for developers intended to help fine-tune and improve the conversational abilities of chatbots, of which Facebook Messenger has over 11,000 of and growing. Media: WochIt Media This revealed the bots were capable of deception — a complex skill learned late in a child’s development, according to the report. The bots weren’t programmed to lie, but instead learned “to deceive without any explicit human design, simply by trying to achieve their goals.” In other words, the bots learned lying can work on their own. Once programmed to not use its new language, researchers also found a hint of spontaneity in the bots’ interactions. Seventy-six percent of the conversations included a fluent English sentence pulled from its training data. Still, the agents had a few “novel utterances” that suggested “although neural models are prone to the safer option of repeating sentences from training data, they are capable of generalizing when necessary.” Also Read: Mark Zuckerberg's 3 Keys to Creating a 'Sense of Purpose' While the data doesn’t conclude we’ll have AI car salesmen in the immediate future, it did show how rapidly machine learning can lead to unanticipated outcomes. As AI research continues to expand, it’s imperative to see the potential drawbacks to having machines self-improve without safeguards in place. 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Does it? [1920_x_1080_iOSA.JPG?uuid=bO3beFYDEeeEC1EgJjGdpw] Hopper and similar apps for travelers use artificial intelligence to power their booking engines. (Courtesy of Hopper) [elliottc.jpg?ts=1421428888912&w=80&h=80&t=20170517a] By Christopher Elliott By Christopher Elliott Columnist June 22, 2017 Follow @elliottdotorg The Terminator wants to be your next travel agent. New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to make travel a little smarter. The latest entrant is Aeromexico’s new AI-based customer-service bot, billed as a “smart brain” capable of machine learning. It launched earlier this year in Spanish on Facebook, and an English version is being rolled out now. But do they really live up to the billing? It depends. There’s little doubt that AI is improving the bottom line for airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, which are aggressively integrating this technology into their operations. But for consumers, there are only a few AI-enabled apps and sites that offer a meaningful improvement, if any. Nearly 85 percent of travel and hospitality professionals are using AI within their businesses, according to a recent survey by Tata Consultancy Services, which is based in India. So far, the use is largely limited to their information-technology departments, with 46 percent of companies saying they use it for functions such as processing bookings and credit-card transactions. But within four years, 60 percent of companies surveyed said that AI would expand to their marketing efforts — persuading you to book their products. [The travel industry is finally ending discrimination against solo travelers. Or is it?] Indeed, most of the AI firepower is reserved for the back-end systems designed to squeeze more profit out of an airline seat or hotel room, or to improve the efficiency of airport operations. For example, flight disruptions cost airlines billions each year, so airports are deploying AI systems to quickly deal with irregular operations. A company called SITA is working with airports to create an algorithm to forecast airline delays. “This is a huge cost for the industry,” says Jim Peters, SITA’s chief technology officer. “There is a strong desire to remove as much uncertainty as possible.” For customer-facing AI systems for travelers, there are several standouts. One of the most prominent examples of AI is Hopper , which uses a variety of artificial intelligence to power its site and booking engine. That includes machine learning to analyze pricing data and suggest the best times to book a trip to a destination, a system that alerts you when ticket prices drop, and a “conversational chatbot” that understands written queries and generates relevant results. Another site, Hipmunk , also has a well-known conversational chatbot capable of understanding queries and offering relevant search results. “The idea here is to leverage AI strategically at the right moment in the customer journey,” says Étienne Mérineau, the co-founder and head of conversation design at Heyday.ai, a chatbot developer based in Montreal. At Kayak , when you access its price forecast tool, you’re using an intelligent system that’s more than a simple search. Not only does it offer a more accurate price prediction, says Giorgos Zacharia, the chief technology officer for Kayak, “artificial intelligence also allows us to combine flights from different carriers for more savings for our users.” [How can you protect your right to digital privacy at the border?] And while the sites that offer it are popular, the technology can be a little glitchy. Take the Aeromexico AI, called Aerobot. Like the Terminator’s mythical Skynet, it goes far beyond offering scripted answers, learning as it goes by scanning and analyzing previous customer service transcripts. The system, currently only available in Spanish, is still primitive. I accessed the AI through its Facebook page and asked it for help with a reservation. The response? “Let me transfer you to a human agent.” Its developers said Aerobot can answer simple questions, such as “What is your pet fee?” and “I have to change a flight,” but is still learning the rest. Who said customer service would be easy? Certainly not Nina McGouldrick, a medical writer from Richardson, Tex. She recently used Hopper to book a flight on American Airlines, with frustrating results. When she called the airline to check on the status of her flight, American claimed she had canceled her ticket and that its records indicated that someone using her number had called. “All we could see on our side is that it was canceled by the airline at the flier’s request,” says Brianna Schneider, a Hopper spokeswoman. “It pains us to hear, though, that this traveler didn’t intend to cancel her trip and we will reach out to her to get more details.” [You’ve never heard of these people, but they’ve changed the way you fly] But McGouldrick may be in the minority. Artificial intelligence is increasingly palatable to a majority of travelers. A new PricewaterhouseCoopers survey of consumer and business attitudes toward the technology suggests that in the next five years, 56 percent of respondents would be willing to embrace an artificial travel agent. To which human agents say: Nonsense. “Would you trust the Terminator to tell you where to see the best sunset on the Amalfi Coast?” asks Erika Richter, a spokeswoman for the American Society of Travel Agents . “I don’t think so.” For now, the dream of an AI making travel better seems closer to becoming a reality for a company’s back-end systems, where intelligent applications can improve efficiency and cut costs. But when it comes to the systems travelers use, there’s a long road ahead — at least before you can call a machine to book your next vacation. Elliott is a consumer advocate, journalist and co-founder of the advocacy group Travelers United. Email him at chris@elliott.org. Read more from Travel: With eco-friendly travel more popular than ever, approach green claims with skepticism From passport cards to Global Entry, which trusted-traveler program is right for you? 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. Google Google's artificial intelligence computer 'no longer constrained by limits of human knowledge' news.com.au * Facebook * Twitter * Print * Email Terminator The computer that stunned humanity by beating the best mortal players at a strategy board game requiring “intuition” has become even smarter, its creators claim. Even more startling, the updated version of AlphaGo is entirely self-taught — a major step towards the rise of machines that achieve superhuman abilities “with no human input”, they reported in the science journal Nature. Dubbed AlphaGo Zero, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) system learnt by itself, within days, to master the ancient Chinese board game known as “Go” — said to be the most complex two-person challenge ever invented. It came up with its own, novel moves to eclipse all the Go acumen humans have acquired over thousands of years. After just three days of self-training it was put to the ultimate test against AlphaGo, its forerunner which previously dethroned the top human champs. AlphaGo Zero won by 100 games to zero. “AlphaGo Zero not only rediscovered the common patterns and openings that humans tend to play ... it ultimately discarded them in preference for its own variants which humans don’t even know about or play at the moment,” said AlphaGo lead researcher David Silver. The 3000-year-old Chinese game played with black and white stones on a board has more move configurations possible than there are atoms in the Universe. AlphaGo made world headlines with its shock 4-1 victory in March 2016 over 18-time Go champion Lee Se-Dol, one of the game’s all-time masters. Lee’s defeat showed that AI was progressing faster than widely thought, said experts at the time who called for rules to make sure powerful AI always remains completely under human control. In May this year, an updated AlphaGo Master program beat world Number One Ke Jie in three matches out of three. NOT CONSTRAINED BY HUMANS Unlike its predecessors which trained on data from thousands of human games before practising by playing against itself, AlphaGo Zero did not learn from humans, or by playing against them, according to researchers at DeepMind, the Google-owned British artificial intelligence (AI) company developing the system. “All previous versions of AlphaGo ... were told: ‘Well, in this position the human expert played this particular move, and in this other position the human expert played here’,” Silver said in a video explaining the advance. AlphaGo Zero skipped this step. Instead, it was programmed to respond to reward — a positive point for a win versus a negative point for a loss. Starting with just the rules of Go and no instructions, the system learnt the game, devised strategy and improved as it competed against itself — starting with “completely random play” to figure out how the reward is earned. This is a trial-and-error process known as “reinforcement learning”. Unlike its predecessors, AlphaGo Zero “is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge,” Silver and DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis wrote in a blog. Amazingly, AlphaGo Zero used a single machine — a human brain-mimicking “neural network” -- compared to the multiple-machine “brain” that beat Lee. It had four data processing units compared to AlphaGo’s 48, and played 4.9 million training games over three days compared to 30 million over several months. BEGINNING OF THE END? “People tend to assume that machine learning is all about big data and massive amounts of computation but actually what we saw with AlphaGo Zero is that algorithms matter much more,” said Silver. The findings suggested that AI based on reinforcement learning performed better than those that rely on human expertise, Satinder Singh of the University of Michigan wrote in a commentary also carried by Nature. “However, this is not the beginning of any end because AlphaGo Zero, like all other successful AI so far, is extremely limited in what it knows and in what it can do compared with humans and even other animals,” he said. AlphaGo Zero’s ability to learn on its own “might appear creepily autonomous”, added Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. But there was an important difference, he told AFP, “between the general-purpose smarts humans have and the specialised smarts” of computer software. “What DeepMind has demonstrated over the past years is that one can make software that can be turned into experts in different domains ... but it does not become generally intelligent,” he said. It was also worth noting that AlphaGo was not programming itself, said Sandberg. “The clever insights making Zero better was due to humans, not any piece of software suggesting that this approach would be good. I would start to get worried when that happens.” This story originally appeared in news.com.au. Trending in Tech * “Online work” used to mean “money grabbing scam.” You might find a job selling things online for a commission or writing blogs for money, but these rarely provided a living wage, or even enough spare change to justify the time commitment. Times have changed. The internet has finally become profitable, not just for startup entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, but for regular people with everyday skills. 11 innovative ways to make money online * This year's CES had a lot of interesting and exciting new gadgets, but there were a few that stood out from the crowd. 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. [tr?id=190747804793608&ev=PageView &noscript=1] * Physics * Mathematics * Biology * Computer Science * All Articles * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own (Submit) Share (Submit) * Comments * (Submit) Read Later Abstractions blog Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own ByKevin Hartnett October 18, 2017 A new version of AlphaGo needed no human instruction to figure out how to clobber the best Go player in the world — itself. (Submit) dreamdream [AlphaGo1300Lede.jpg] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks A mere 19 months after dethroning the world’s top human Go player, the computer program AlphaGo has smashed an even more momentous barrier: It can now achieve unprecedented levels of mastery purely by teaching itself. Starting with zero knowledge of Go strategy and no training by humans, the new iteration of the program, called AlphaGo Zero, needed just three days to invent advanced strategies undiscovered by human players in the multi-millennia history of the game. By freeing artificial intelligence from a dependence on human knowledge, the breakthrough removes a primary limit on how smart machines can become. Earlier versions of AlphaGo were taught to play the game using two methods. In the first, called supervised learning, researchers fed the program 100,000 top amateur Go games and taught it to imitate what it saw. In the second, called reinforcement learning, they had the program play itself and learn from the results. AlphaGo Zero skipped the first step. The program began as a blank slate, knowing only the rules of Go, and played games against itself. At first, it placed stones randomly on the board. Over time it got better at evaluating board positions and identifying advantageous moves. It also learned many of the canonical elements of Go strategy and discovered new strategies all its own. “When you learn to imitate humans the best you can do is learn to imitate humans,” said Satinder Singh, a computer scientist at the University of Michigan who was not involved with the research. “In many complex situations there are new insights you’ll never discover.” After three days of training and 4.9 million training games, the researchers matched AlphaGo Zero against the earlier champion-beating version of the program. AlphaGo Zero won 100 games to zero. To expert observers, the rout was stunning. Pure reinforcement learning would seem to be no match for the overwhelming number of possibilities in Go, which is vastly more complex than chess: You’d have expected AlphaGo Zero to spend forever searching blindly for a decent strategy. Instead, it rapidly found its way to superhuman abilities. The efficiency of the learning process owes to a feedback loop. Like its predecessor, AlphaGo Zero determines what move to play through a process called a “tree search.” The program starts with the current board and considers the possible moves. It then considers what moves its opponent could play in each of the resulting boards, and then the moves it could play in response and so on, creating a branching tree diagram that simulates different combinations of play resulting in different board setups. Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter (Submit) Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. DeepMind AlphaGo Zero can’t follow every branch of the tree all the way through, since that would require inordinate computing power. Instead, it selectively prunes branches by deciding which paths seem most promising. It makes that calculation — of which paths to prune — based on what it has learned in earlier play about the moves and overall board setups that lead to wins. Earlier versions of AlphaGo did all this, too. What’s novel about AlphaGo Zero is that instead of just running the tree search and making a move, it remembers the outcome of the tree search — and eventually of the game. It then uses that information to update its estimates of promising moves and the probability of winning from different positions. As a result, the next time it runs the tree search it can use its improved estimates, trained with the results of previous tree searches, to generate even better estimates of the best possible move. The computational strategy that underlies AlphaGo Zero is effective primarily in situations in which you have an extremely large number of possibilities and want to find the optimal one. In the Nature paper describing the research, the authors of AlphaGo Zero suggest that their system could be useful in materials exploration — where you want to identify atomic combinations that yield materials with different properties — and protein folding, where you want to understand how a protein’s precise three-dimensional structure determines its function. As for Go, the effects of AlphaGo Zero are likely to be seismic. To date, gaming companies have failed in their efforts to develop world-class Go software. AlphaGo Zero is likely to change that. Andrew Jackson, executive vice president of the American Go Association, thinks it won’t be long before Go apps appear on the market. This will change the way human Go players train. It will also make cheating easier. As for AlphaGo, the future is wide open. Go is sufficiently complex that there’s no telling how good a self-starting computer program can get; and AlphaGo now has a learning method to match the expansiveness of the game it was bred to play. [template] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter The Quanta Newsletter Get highlights of the most important news delivered to your email inbox ____________________ (Submit) Subscribe Most recent newsletter Comment on this article Quanta Magazine moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. Moderators are staffed during regular business hours (New York time) and can only accept comments written in English. (Submit) Show comments __________________________________________________________________ * About Quanta * Archive * Contact Us * Terms & Conditions * Privacy Policy * Simons Foundation All Rights Reserved © 2018 IFRAME: //www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TRBQMN MIT Technology Review Hello, We noticed you're browsing in private or incognito mode. To continue reading this article, please exit incognito mode or log in. Not an Insider? Subscribe now for unlimited access to online articles. Subscribe today Why we made this change Visitors are allowed 3 free articles per month (without a subscription), and private browsing prevents us from counting how many stories you've read. We hope you understand, and consider subscribing for unlimited online access. Back to MIT Technology Review home Contact customer service if you are seeing this message in error. MIT Technology Review (Submit) Menu * Topics + o Business Impact o Connectivity o Intelligent Machines o Rewriting Life o Sustainable Energy + o 10 Breakthrough Technologies o 35 Innovators Under 35 o 50 Smartest Companies + Views + Views from the Marketplace + The Possibility Report * The Download * Magazine * Events * More + Video + Special Publications + MIT News Magazine + Help/Support * Log in / Register * Subscribe * Log in / Register * Search * ____________________ Submit Click search or press enter [ma15-reviewsai.jpg?sw=1180&cx=0&cy=37&cw=2760&ch=1552] Intelligent Machines Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence A true AI might ruin the world—but that assumes it’s possible at all. * by Paul Ford * February 11, 2015 Computers are entrusted with control of complex systems. * * * * * * * Years ago I had coffee with a friend who ran a startup. He had just turned 40. His father was ill, his back was sore, and he found himself overwhelmed by life. “Don’t laugh at me,” he said, “but I was counting on the singularity.” My friend worked in technology; he’d seen the changes that faster microprocessors and networks had wrought. It wasn’t that much of a step for him to believe that before he was beset by middle age, the intelligence of machines would exceed that of humans—a moment that futurists call the singularity. A benevolent superintelligence might analyze the human genetic code at great speed and unlock the secret to eternal youth. At the very least, it might know how to fix your back. But what if it wasn’t so benevolent? Nick Bostrom, a philosopher who directs the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, describes the following scenario in his book Superintelligence, which has prompted a great deal of debate about the future of artificial intelligence. Imagine a machine that we might call a “paper-clip maximizer”—that is, a machine programmed to make as many paper clips as possible. Now imagine that this machine somehow became incredibly intelligent. Given its goals, it might then decide to create new, more efficient paper-clip-manufacturing machines—until, King Midas style, it had converted essentially everything to paper clips. [MA15cover.zoomedx1004.jpg?sw=180] This story is part of our March/April 2015 Issue See the rest of the issue Subscribe No worries, you might say: you could just program it to make exactly a million paper clips and halt. But what if it makes the paper clips and then decides to check its work? Has it counted correctly? It needs to become smarter to be sure. The superintelligent machine manufactures some as-yet-uninvented raw-computing material (call it “computronium”) and uses that to check each doubt. But each new doubt yields further digital doubts, and so on, until the entire earth is converted to computronium. Except for the million paper clips. Things Reviewed * “Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies” By Nick Bostrom Oxford University Press, 2014 Bostrom does not believe that the paper-clip maximizer will come to be, exactly; it’s a thought experiment, one designed to show how even careful system design can fail to restrain extreme machine intelligence. But he does believe that superintelligence could emerge, and while it could be great, he thinks it could also decide it doesn’t need humans around. Or do any number of other things that destroy the world. The title of chapter 8 is: “Is the default outcome doom?” If this sounds absurd to you, you’re not alone. Critics such as the robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks say that people who fear a runaway AI misunderstand what computers are doing when we say they’re thinking or getting smart. From this perspective, the putative superintelligence Bostrom describes is far in the future and perhaps impossible. Yet a lot of smart, thoughtful people agree with Bostrom and are worried now. Why? Volition The question “Can a machine think?” has shadowed computer science from its beginnings. Alan Turing proposed in 1950 that a machine could be taught like a child; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP, coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1955. As AI researchers in the 1960s and 1970s began to use computers to recognize images, translate between languages, and understand instructions in normal language and not just code, the idea that computers would eventually develop the ability to speak and think—and thus to do evil—bubbled into mainstream culture. Even beyond the oft-referenced HAL from 2001: A Space Odyssey, the 1970 movie Colossus: The Forbin Project featured a large blinking mainframe computer that brings the world to the brink of nuclear destruction; a similar theme was explored 13 years later in WarGames. The androids of 1973’s Westworld went crazy and started killing. Extreme AI predictions are “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines… and jumping to the conclusion that the warp drives are just around the corner,” Rodney Brooks writes. When AI research fell far short of its lofty goals, funding dried up to a trickle, beginning long “AI winters.” Even so, the torch of the intelligent machine was carried forth in the 1980s and ’90s by sci-fi authors like Vernor Vinge, who popularized the concept of the singularity; researchers like the roboticist Hans Moravec, an expert in computer vision; and the engineer/entrepreneur Ray Kurzweil, author of the 1999 book The Age of Spiritual Machines. Whereas Turing had posited a humanlike intelligence, Vinge, Moravec, and Kurzweil were thinking bigger: when a computer became capable of independently devising ways to achieve goals, it would very likely be capable of introspection—and thus able to modify its software and make itself more intelligent. In short order, such a computer would be able to design its own hardware. As Kurzweil described it, this would begin a beautiful new era. Such machines would have the insight and patience (measured in picoseconds) to solve the outstanding problems of nanotechnology and spaceflight; they would improve the human condition and let us upload our consciousness into an immortal digital form. Intelligence would spread throughout the cosmos. You can also find the exact opposite of such sunny optimism. Stephen Hawking has warned that because people would be unable to compete with an advanced AI, it “could spell the end of the human race.” Upon reading Superintelligence, the entrepreneur Elon Musk tweeted: “Hope we’re not just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence. Unfortunately, that is increasingly probable.” Musk then followed with a $10 million grant to the Future of Life Institute. Not to be confused with Bostrom’s center, this is an organization that says it is “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity,” the ones that could arise “from the development of human-level artificial intelligence.” No one is suggesting that anything like superintelligence exists now. In fact, we still have nothing approaching a general-purpose artificial intelligence or even a clear path to how it could be achieved. Recent advances in AI, from automated assistants such as Apple’s Siri to Google’s driverless cars, also reveal the technology’s severe limitations; both can be thrown off by situations that they haven’t encountered before. Artificial neural networks can learn for themselves to recognize cats in photos. But they must be shown hundreds of thousands of examples and still end up much less accurate at spotting cats than a child. This is where skeptics such as Brooks, a founder of iRobot and Rethink Robotics, come in. Even if it’s impressive—relative to what earlier computers could manage—for a computer to recognize a picture of a cat, the machine has no volition, no sense of what cat-ness is or what else is happening in the picture, and none of the countless other insights that humans have. In this view, AI could possibly lead to intelligent machines, but it would take much more work than people like Bostrom imagine. And even if it could happen, intelligence will not necessarily lead to sentience. Extrapolating from the state of AI today to suggest that superintelligence is looming is “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines appearing and jumping to the conclusion that warp drives are just around the corner,” Brooks wrote recently on Edge.org. “Malevolent AI” is nothing to worry about, he says, for a few hundred years at least. Insurance policy Even if the odds of a superintelligence arising are very long, perhaps it’s irresponsible to take the chance. One person who shares Bostrom’s concerns is Stuart J. Russell, a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Russell is the author, with Peter Norvig (a peer of Kurzweil’s at Google), of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, which has been the standard AI textbook for two decades. “There are a lot of supposedly smart public intellectuals who just haven’t a clue,” Russell told me. He pointed out that AI has advanced tremendously in the last decade, and that while the public might understand progress in terms of Moore’s Law (faster computers are doing more), in fact recent AI work has been fundamental, with techniques like deep learning laying the groundwork for computers that can automatically increase their understanding of the world around them. Bostrom’s book proposes ways to align computers with human needs. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. Because Google, Facebook, and other companies are actively looking to create an intelligent, “learning” machine, he reasons, “I would say that one of the things we ought not to do is to press full steam ahead on building superintelligence without giving thought to the potential risks. It just seems a bit daft.” Russell made an analogy: “It’s like fusion research. If you ask a fusion researcher what they do, they say they work on containment. If you want unlimited energy you’d better contain the fusion reaction.” Similarly, he says, if you want unlimited intelligence, you’d better figure out how to align computers with human needs. Bostrom’s book is a research proposal for doing so. A superintelligence would be godlike, but would it be animated by wrath or by love? It’s up to us (that is, the engineers). Like any parent, we must give our child a set of values. And not just any values, but those that are in the best interest of humanity. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. How to proceed? Bostrom draws heavily on an idea from a thinker named Eliezer Yudkowsky, who talks about “coherent extrapolated volition”—the consensus-derived “best self” of all people. AI would, we hope, wish to give us rich, happy, fulfilling lives: fix our sore backs and show us how to get to Mars. And since humans will never fully agree on anything, we’ll sometimes need it to decide for us—to make the best decisions for humanity as a whole. How, then, do we program those values into our (potential) superintelligences? What sort of mathematics can define them? These are the problems, Bostrom believes, that researchers should be solving now. Bostrom says it is “the essential task of our age.” For the civilian, there’s no reason to lose sleep over scary robots. We have no technology that is remotely close to superintelligence. Then again, many of the largest corporations in the world are deeply invested in making their computers more intelligent; a true AI would give any one of these companies an unbelievable advantage. They also should be attuned to its potential downsides and figuring out how to avoid them. This somewhat more nuanced suggestion—without any claims of a looming AI-mageddon—is the basis of an open letter on the website of the Future of Life Institute, the group that got Musk’s donation. Rather than warning of existential disaster, the letter calls for more research into reaping the benefits of AI “while avoiding potential pitfalls.” This letter is signed not just by AI outsiders such as Hawking, Musk, and Bostrom but also by prominent computer scientists (including Demis Hassabis, a top AI researcher). You can see where they’re coming from. After all, if they develop an artificial intelligence that doesn’t share the best human values, it will mean they weren’t smart enough to control their own creations. Paul Ford, a freelance writer in New York, wrote about Bitcoin in March/April 2014. Time is running out to register for EmTech Digital. You don’t want to miss expert discussions on AI. Learn more and register (Submit) (Submit) Share * * * * * * * Tagged AI, artificial intelligence Credit Illustration by Jacob Escobedo Paul Ford Paul Ford is a writer and computer programmer who lives in Brooklyn. He is writing a book of essays about Web pages. READ COMMENTS Please read our commenting guidelines. Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. 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Log in for two more free articles, or subscribe now for unlimited online access. [google_s_ai_made_some_pretty_huge_leaps_this_week.html&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj =1] Quantcast #Future Tense (RSS 2.0) Slate Sign In Sign Up Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Slate Sign In Sign Up ASU | NEW AMERICA | SLATE Learn more about Future Tense » Slate Future Tense Future Tense The Citizen's Guide to the Future Oct. 18 2017 6:51 PM Google’s A.I. Has Made Some Pretty Huge Leaps This Week By Christina Bonnington Lee Se-Dol. AlphaGo has come a ways since it started beating humans. Google via Getty Images When DeepMind’s AlphaGo artificial intelligence defeated Lee Sedol, the Korean Go champion, for the first time last year, it stunned the world. Many, including Sedol himself, didn’t expect an AI to have mastered the complicated board game, but it won four out of five matches—proving it could compete with the best human players. More than a year has passed, and today’s AlphaGo makes last year’s version seem positively quaint. Google’s latest AI efforts push beyond the limitations of their human developers. Its artificial intelligence algorithms are teaching themselves how to code and how to play the intricate, yet easy-to-learn ancient board game Go. Advertisement This has been quite the week for the company. On Monday, researchers announced that Google’s project AutoML had successfully taught itself to program machine learning software on its own. While it’s limited to basic programming tasks, the code AutoML created was, in some cases, better than the code written by its human counterparts. In a program designed to identify objects in a picture, the AI-created algorithm achieved a 43 percent success rate at the task. The human-developed code, by comparison, only scored 39 percent on the task. On Wednesday, in a paper published in the journal Nature, DeepMind researchers revealed another remarkable achievement. The newest version of its Go-playing algorithm, dubbed AlphaGo Zero, was not only better than the original AlphaGo, which defeated the world’s best human player in May. This version had taught itself how to play the game. All on its own, given only the basic rules of the game. (The original, by comparison, learned from a database of 100,000 Go games.) According to Google’s researchers, AlphaGo Zero has achieved superhuman-level performance: It won 100–0 against its champion predecessor, AlphaGo. But DeepMind’s developments go beyond just playing a board game exceedingly well. There are important implications that could positively impact AI in the near future. “By not using human data—by not using human expertise in any fashion—we’ve actually removed the constraints of human knowledge,” AlphaGo Zero’s lead programmer, David Silver, said at a press conference. Advertisement Until now, modern AIs have largely relied on learning from vast data sets. The bigger the data set, the better. What AlphaGo Zero and AutoML prove is that a successful AI doesn’t necessarily need those human-supplied data sets—it can teach itself. This could be important in the face of our current consumer-facing AI mess. Written by human programmers and taught on human-supplied data, algorithms (such as the ones Google and Facebook use to suggest articles you should read) are subject to the same defects as their human overlords. Without that human interference and influence, future AI’s could be far superior to what we’re seeing employed in the wild today. A dataset can be flawed or skewed—for example, a facial recognition algorithm that has trouble with black faces because their white programmers didn’t feed it a diverse enough set of images. AI, teaching itself, wouldn’t inherently be sexist or racist, or suffer from those kinds of unconscious biases. In the case of AlphaGo Zero, its reinforcement-based learning is also good news for the computational power of advanced AI networks. Early AlphaGo versions operated on 48 Google-built TPUs. AlphaGo Zero works on only four. It’s far more efficient and practical than its predecessors. Paired with AutoML’s ability to develop its own machine learning algorithms, this could seriously speed up the pace of DeepMind’s AI-related discoveries. And while playing the game of Go may seem like a silly endeavor for an AI, it actually makes a lot of sense. AlphaGo Zero has to sort through a lot of complicated information to decide what moves to make in a game. (There are approximately 10^170 positions you can make on a Go board.) As DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis told the Verge, AlphaGo Zero could be reprogrammed to sort through other kinds of data instead. This could include particle physics, quantum chemistry, or drug discovery. Like with playing Go, AlphaGo Zero could end up uncovering new techniques humans have overlooked or come to conclusions we hadn’t yet explored. There’s a lot of reason to fear AI, but DeepMind’s AI’s aren’t programming themselves to destroy the human race. They’re programming themselves in a way that will shift some of the tedium off of human developers’ shoulders and look at problems and data sets in a fresh new light. It’s astonishing to think how far AI has come in just the past few years, but it’s clear from this week that progress is going to come even faster now. Future Tense is a partnership of Slate, New America, and Arizona State University. Christina Bonnington is a technology writer whose work has appeared in Wired, Refinery29, the Daily Dot, and elsewhere. (Submit) Load Comments Powered by Livefyre Slate Sign In Sign Up [s?eid=2ca7ac88-8963-4abf-acff-c1114097be96] FOLLOW SLATE * Twitter * Facebook * Instagram SLATE ON * IPHONE * ANDROID * KINDLE * Reprints * Advertise with us * ABOUT US * CONTACT US * WORK WITH US * USER AGREEMENT * PRIVACY POLICY * FAQ * FEEDBACK * CORRECTIONS Slate Group Panoply Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents © 2018 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved. Slate Slate Sign In Sign Up #alternate Latest News * Dow 25,803 +228.46 +0.89% * Nasdaq 7,261 +49.28 +0.68% * S&P 500 2,786 +18.68 +0.67% * 5:14 P.M. ET Updated MSNBC’s Joy Reid told ‘just move to Haiti’ amid furor over Trump’s alleged remarks (Submit) (Submit) * 5:06 P.M. ET Burning Iranian oil tanker sinks off China; ‘no hope’ of finding survivors (Submit) (Submit) * 5:00 P.M. 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Home Investing Stocks Jeff Reeves's Strength in Numbers Get email alerts Opinion: These 3 stocks are smart bets on the artificial intelligence revolution By Jeff Reeves Published: Oct 19, 2017 7:49 a.m. ET Share (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) Alphabet, IBM, and robotics ETF poised to profit from technological change [MW-EB362_i_robo_20151216095927_ZH.jpg?uuid=9a20866a-a405-11e5-8622-001 5c588e0f6] Everett Collection [jeffReeves_100.png] By JeffReeves Columnist “Artificial intelligence” is a misunderstood term, thanks in part to dystopian views of the technology across pop culture — from the iconic Terminator to Cylons in Battlestar Galactica to HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey. In reality, most scientists working on artificial intelligence aren’t trying to simulate true human intelligence at all. They are simply trying to create practical machines capable of analyzing data and making decisions to achieve a goal. Case in point — Salesforce.com CRM, +1.04% has a valuable artificial intelligence application called Einstein that it provides to clients. This AI engine helps marketing and sales teams by suggesting which customers are the most valuable, and which products they are most likely to buy. Not only is that a far-less sinister example of AI, it’s also exemplary of how businesses can use this technology to create serious profits. Salesforce stock, for example, is up 40% year-to-date compared with less than 15% for the broader S&P 500 SPX, +0.67% . In fact, the most practical applications of artificial intelligence are side-by-side with Big Data and cloud-computing applications that many investors are already familiar with. Think of artificial intelligence as just the natural next step now that we’ve created all this data — something has to make sense of it. For example, retailers have been trying for years to harness the predictive power of your shopping habits in order to put offers in front of you. Case-in-point: A now-infamous story about TGT, +3.78% investing in how to predict when a customer was (or soon would become) pregnant. While fears of the robot apocalypse may never completely disappear from pop culture, the business case for AI is clear in this age of information. The only question is who will provide the artificial intelligence engines of the future, and which companies and investors will profit. If you’re interested in playing this emerging-tech trend, here are three AI plays to consider: Alphabet Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, +1.67% GOOG, +1.51% made a splash a few years ago as it seemed to be diving into deep machine learning with the acquisition of DNNresearch, DeepMind Technologies, and JetPac among others. The flurry of acquisitions in 2013 and 2014 made waves at the time, and in the near term were seen as incrementally improving areas of Google’s internet business, such as improving search or providing better bidding on ad rates. But the tech giant hasn’t taken its eye off the ball in the intervening years, and overlooking its long-term commitment to AI would be a mistake. Just like it has cemented its role in the smartphone ecosystem with its Android operating system, Google is pushing hard to share its open-source TensorFlow machine learning software with developers and companies of all sizes While many companies like Amazon.com AMZN, +2.23% are using AI internally to improve customer experience or to create products like voice assistant Alexa, Google has opened up the gates and is welcoming the world into its AI ecosystem. We’ve seen this blueprint before, where Google was happy to allow a community of smart, driven experts to help it build Android to be a world leader in mobile software. You could do worse than bet they would do the same thing with their artificial intelligence platform. Sure, there’s no material profits yet. But if AI becomes the next big Google platform, running the systems in homes and cars the way Android runs tablets and phones, Alphabet will surely find a way to capitalize on that in the years ahead. IBM The opposite of Google’s approach is the proprietary Watson system created by International Business Machines Corp. IBM, -0.65% Many Americans are most familiar with Watson for its trivia skills displayed on television show “Jeopardy.” But aside from quirky PR stunts, the supercomputer has found a role performing much more practical tasks in recent years. Since 2013, for example, Watson has been in use at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York to help oncologists make the best decisions based on mountains of medical records and real-life diagnoses. And last January a Japanese insurance firm became so reliant on Watson’s actuarial skills that it laid off a few dozen human employees. IBM has married a powerful machine learning interface with its existing enterprise tech operation, selling Watson’s AI under the “software-as-a-service model” that has been so profitable for cloud computing firms in recent years. It’s a natural iteration for IBM’s business — and a necessary one, too, as the struggling technology giant sees persistent revenue headwinds and increasingly is looking to both the cloud and artificial intelligence results to boost performance. The company just reported its 22nd consecutive quarter of revenue declines, though it did beat on profits thanks in part to 20% growth in its cloud division. When you marry the strategic imperatives of cloud and AI with the existing scale and reach of IBM, it’s hard to imagine that the company will not be a serious play in AI for years to come. Furthermore, a 10-year partnership with MIT launched this year will all but ensure a generation of eager engineers come into the American workforce with ready skills to deploy Watson at their workplaces. This is not as sexy or as grandiose as Google’s plan to democratize AI and spread it around the world. But for investors, the appeal is IBM’s bright line between this emerging technology and near-term profit potential. Robotics and AI ETF If you’re unwilling to pick a winner in the race for artificial intelligence applications, I don’t blame you. Emerging technologies are not just hard to fully understand, but they are tumultuous businesses where upstarts can come out of nowhere and leaders can fall from grace. That’s where the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF BOTZ, +1.59% comes in. This unique and diversified ETF invests in companies “that potentially stand to benefit from increased adoption and utilization of robotics and artificial intelligence.” Because this spans all applications, it makes for an intriguing portfolio. Top holdings now include Nvidia Corp. NVDA, -0.49% for its leading Drive PX platform that can power self-driving cars, Japanese “smart factory” supplier Omron Corp. OMRNY, +0.78% and medical robotics company Cyberdyne CYBQY, -3.09% to name a few. The most interesting thing about these holdings is that they aren’t nebulous plays on some general AI theme and the hope of machine learning on a grand scale. Most are profiting now with targeted business models that marry automation and AI to produce real-world results. For this strategy the ETF charges a rather modest 0.68% expense ratio, or $68 annually on $10,000 invested. That seems a small price to pay for a diversified and thoughtful basket of potential AI winners. More from MarketWatch * This epic stock-market rally will get a second wind from stellar earnings * Millennials are getting older — and that’s good for stocks * Here’s what could trigger a 30% stock-market melt-up, says investor Bill Miller MarketWatch Partner Center * * * Data Provided By [bankrate.svg] Today's Interest Rates Mortgage Equity Savings Auto Credit Cards 1. 30 yr fixed Jumbo 4.28% 2. 30 yr fixed 3.96% 3. 15 yr fixed 3.31% 4. 10 yr fixed 3.23% 5. 30 yr fixed refi 3.94% 6. 15 yr fixed refi 3.28% 7. 5/1 ARM 3.9% 8. 5/1 ARM refi 3.9% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. $30K HELOC 3.79% 2. $50K HELOC 3.82% 3. $75K HELOC 3.79% 4. $100K HELOC 3.82% 5. $30K Home Equity Loan 4.92% 6. $50K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 7. $75K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 8. $100K Home Equity Loan 4.53% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 5 yr CD 1.52% 2. 2 yr CD 0.95% 3. 1 yr CD 0.85% 4. MMA $10K+ 0.31% 5. MMA $50K+ 0.46% 6. MMA Savings 0.34% 7. MMA Savings Jumbo 0.5% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 60 Mo Used Car 3.45% 2. 48 Mo Used Car 3.39% 3. 36 Mo Used Car 3.49% 4. 72 Mo New Car 3.45% 5. 60 Mo New Car 3.58% 6. 48 Mo New Car 3.26% 7. 60 Mo Auto Refi 2.82% 8. 36 Mo Auto Refi 2.26% National averages from Bankrate.com Avg. APR Last Week 6 Months Low Interest 13.08% 13.07% 12.88% Business 13.91% 13.87% 13.87% Balance Transfer 15.56% 15.55% 15.31% Student 15.92% 15.92% 15.14% Airline 16.26% 16.25% 15.99% Reward 16.41% 16.40% 16.15% Cash Back 16.56% 16.55% 16.26% Instant Approval 18.74% 18.74% 18.51% Bad Credit 23.59% 23.59% 23.43% Source: CreditCards.com Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. We Want to Hear from You How are you investing in AI? 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Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements. (Submit) ____________________ Advanced Search Stocks Columns Authors Topics No results found Salesforce.com Inc. U.S.: NYSE: CRM $110.24 +1.14 (+1.04%) Volume 5.1M Open $109.23 High $110.71 Low $108.91 P/E Ratio 11024 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 79.6B S&P 500 Index S&P Base CME: SPX 2,786.24 +18.68 (+0.67%) Volume 2.1B Open 2,770 High 2,788 Low 2,770 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A Target Corp. U.S.: NYSE: TGT $76.80 +2.80 (+3.78%) Volume 14.6M Open $74.54 High $77.00 Low $74.45 P/E Ratio 16.07 Div Yield 3.23 Market Cap 41.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl A U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOGL $1,130.65 +18.60 (+1.67%) Volume 1.9M Open $1,110 High $1,131 Low $1,108 P/E Ratio 37.78 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl C U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOG $1,122.26 +16.74 (+1.51%) Volume 1.7M Open $1,102 High $1,124 Low $1,101 P/E Ratio 37.5 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Amazon.com Inc. U.S.: Nasdaq: AMZN $1,305.20 +28.52 (+2.23%) Volume 5.3M Open $1,273 High $1,306 Low $1,273 P/E Ratio 331.27 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 628.9B International Business Machines Corp. U.S.: NYSE: IBM $163.14 -1.06 (-0.65%) Volume 4.9M Open $164.02 High $164.74 Low $163.03 P/E Ratio 13.63 Div Yield 3.68 Market Cap 151.0B Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF U.S.: Nasdaq: BOTZ $26.18 +0.41 (+1.59%) Volume 2.5M Open $25.96 High $26.19 Low $25.90 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0.01 Market Cap N/A NVIDIA Corp. U.S.: Nasdaq: NVDA $222.98 -1.10 (-0.49%) Volume 8.9M Open $223.60 High $224.99 Low $221.34 P/E Ratio 55.33 Div Yield 0.27 Market Cap 135.1B OMRON Corp. ADR U.S.: OTC: OMRNY $65.83 +0.51 (+0.78%) Volume 6007 Open $65.61 High $65.98 Low $65.31 P/E Ratio 25.9 Div Yield 0.83 Market Cap 13.9B Cyberdyne Inc. ADR U.S.: OTC: CYBQY $16.95 -0.54 (-3.09%) Volume 10145 Open $16.59 High $16.95 Low $16.59 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A #Recode IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8JKW6 * * * Log In or Sign Up * Log In * Sign Up (Submit) * Trending * Topics * Writers * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 * More ____________________ Search * Trending * Topics + Charts + Commerce + Cybersecurity + Future of Work + Media + Policy + Social + Transportation + Voices * Writers + Kara Swisher + Dan Frommer + Peter Kafka + Edmund Lee + Johana Bhuiyan + Jason Del Rey + Shirin Ghaffary + Eric Johnson + Rani Molla + Tony Romm + Theodore Schleifer + Kurt Wagner * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 (BUTTON) ✕ * Policy * Artificial Intelligence Tech giants studying artificial intelligence are enlisting an Obama veteran as their new leader Terah Lyons is now the founding executive director of the Partnership for AI By Tony Romm@TonyRomm Oct 19, 2017, 12:00pm EDT * tweet * share * Linkedin [Terah_L___JCo_Studios__2238.0.jpg] Terah Lyons Terah Lyons An artificial intelligence research-and-policy organization set up by Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other tech giants is tapping the Obama administration’s former AI expert as its new leader. Terah Lyons will now serve as the founding executive director at the Partnership for AI, a group that seeks to study the impact of powerful algorithms and machine learning on jobs and the economy — while addressing potential regulatory issues along the way. Five companies — Amazon, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and IBM — formed the nonprofit in 2016, and tech giants like Apple joined it soon after. Currently, the partnership also counts among its ranks about 50 consumer groups, privacy advocates, tech-focused academics and others, some of whom have expressed concerns that AI could threaten privacy or contribute to discrimination. Together, though, they’re all set to meet in Berlin next week. Lyons, for her part, arrives at the AI consortium after working as a tech policy fellow at the Mozilla Foundation. Before that, she served under former President Barack Obama, advising the White House’s work to study the use and effects of artificial intelligence. A capstone of that effort was a 2016 report that explored the power of robotics, neural networks and machine-learning tools in everything from self-driving cars to precision medicine, along with a series of recommendations for how to tackle regulatory challenges posed by AI. __________________________________________________________________ Subscribe to the Recode newsletter Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. More From Recode * People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting * Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES * Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ * Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter * People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way * Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ Trending 1. Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. 2. People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. 3. Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ The tweets came a day after Trump’s immigration discussion with lawmakers. More in Trending Recode Daily Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. This Article has a component height of 6. The sidebar size is medium. The Latest People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. By Theodore Schleifer Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. By Ben Bajarin Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ They’re back! By Theodore Schleifer Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. By Jason Del Rey Chorus * Terms of Use * Privacy Policy * Communications Preferences * Contact * Send Us a Tip * Masthead * Sponsorships * Podcasts * Newsletters * RSS A Verge affiliate site Vox Media Advertise with us Jobs @ Vox Media All Systems Operational Check out our status page for more details. 2017 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved * tweet * share Log In * * * * * share Trending Leadership #NewTech Leadership #NewTech Oct 15, 2017 @ 01:10 AM Who's Afraid Of Artificial Intelligence? * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) [3a9af86a86c09b14162da98cfee25dcf?s=400&d=mm&r=g] Shellie Karabell , Contributor I cover leadership - people, politics & policy - from a European view. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. [960x0.jpg?fit=scale] Can artificial intelligence replace the human brain?Will it? What role for humans in the future? (Photo credit: Shutterstock) “Humans were are not built to spend more than two hours looking at a screen or scrolling through excel sheets. Humans are best at being human. Artificial Intelligence will do the rest.” Telling words from Jim Stolze, Co-founder of aigency — an Amsterdam-based company that recruits AI and humans for work. Kind of an employment company run by three humans overseeing 59 robots (actually computers working on algorithms created at the University of Amsterdam to solve problems). Stolze was addressing reporters in StartUp Village at the Amsterdam Science Park on the sidelines of the first World Summit AI in Amsterdam October 11-12. A tech entrepreneur and former ambassador for TED.com, setting up TED events all over Europe and the Middle East, Stolze founded aigency four years ago as “the network that connects data-sets with algorithms, business with talent.” In case it’s not obvious, the “aigency” is a reference to “artificial intelligence.” Job Crusher? “You have to think of AI as job augmentation, not job displacement,” Stolze continues. “Work will create work.” Heineken and Unilever are big customers, turning to aigency for specific problems; Stolze in turn hooks them up with researchers and even students from the University of Amsterdam. “You’ll find six thousand people are still working in an autonomous car factory,” he claims. Automation has been a staple in heavy manufacturing for decades. Now it’s moving into the white-collar arena. “Procurement,” says Stolze, is a big area. “Here’s a guy in procurement who gets an invoice for something; he can’t figure out what it’s for or which department has to pay it. He spends hours or even days running around from department to department trying to figure out what to do with this invoice. Meanwhile the vendor is waiting for his money. With AI you can scan the invoice and the algorithm will pinpoint or at least narrow down what the invoice is for and whose department should be charged.” Outside of the back office, most of us are already dealing with AI and bots without knowing it. Retail sites’ chat rooms are bots, calling on humans when customer questions become too complicated or personal. Marketers, for example. Chances are the subject lines of most of the emails you open from companies weren’t written by humans. It’s called “language optimization.” “We apply our own cognitive bias in writing,” says Parry Malm, a speaker at the World Summit AI and CEO of Phrasee, a UK-based company whose vision is “to supercharge digital marketing using artificial intelligence.” Phrasee counts Domino’s Pizza among its clients. Malm “AI takes it out, so there’s no more guess work in using marketing language. The algorithm figures out the best wording to attract targeted customers. Malm claims Domino’s email open rate increased 27% using AI and language optimization. Unfathomable Data There is a lot to be gained by adopting AI Research by Accenture predicts that by 2035, labor productivity will have risen by 40%, and corporate profitability by 38% due to AI alone. Indeed, industry statistics indicate some 88% of companies today are undergoing some kind of digital transformation. But it appears that the result thus far has been heaps of unfathomable data: answers looking for questions. “Companies have hammers but no nails,” Malm says about the data dilemma. “First you have to define your problem – what you want to know – and then you can figure out which technological resources can fix it.” S. Karabell October 11, 2017, Amsterdam NL - Robotics at the WorldSummitAI in Amsterdam. (photo credit: S. Karabell) Getting to know how AI functions and what problems can be solved by technology is key to using automation in your own business. Meanwhile, Malm sees an investment bubble in AI looming. “A lot of venture capitalists are throwing a lot of money at AI startups,” he claims, adding that he sees a lot of consolidation in the field coming. “Very few enterprises are making it because they won’t or can’t solve problems [in tackling corporate objectives]; instead, they’re just creating more problems.” As Stolze says, “Scared people are using AI the wrong way. We have to remember that while execution may be through machines, the responsibility still remains with humans. “ Take self-driving cars, which Stolze does not foresee for many years. “People ask ‘what should the car do?’ when they should be asking ‘What should the human do?’” That question has far-reaching implication. What, indeed should humans do once AI moves beyond purely logical functions — such as figuring out where that mysterious invoice came from and where it belongs? What happens when AI starts to become creative? “Rationality is a muscle,” claims Vadim Grigoryan, a marketer specializing in corporate art projects, who lectures on brands and art at his MBA alma mater, the INSEAD Business School in Fontainebleau - when he’s not helping businesses, such as spirits start-ups and perfume companies engage with art projects. “We will soon be outsourcing all our Cartesian capacities,” he adds, referring to the doyen of French logic, Renee Descartes. As an example, he points out, “Kids in schools today us calculators to work out math problems they don’t do them in their heads.” AI Will Redefine Us Grigoryan believes we’re put off by the idea of AI because it re-defines who we are – the latest in a process of chipping away at the human ego beginning with Copernicus and the discovery that the sun did not revolve around the earth; continuing through Darwin and the origin of the species, through Freud and the realization that our subconscious is more powerful than our rational side. “Everything that is not rational therefore will become more important for the future of humans,” he opines. That means the suppressed areas of our subconscious will come into play and become more visible — areas that have been repressed, such as creativity culture, art. The process will become more important and we will become less goal-oriented; we will realize metaphorically that we must continue swimming without arriving anywhere.” To some people today, that would seem to be treading water — the antithesis of what AI and its streamlined efficiency seems to have been designed to do. After all, that man in the procurement office who doesn’t have to spend hours running from office to office to settle a mysterious invoice won’t want to be using that saved time to tread water. Nor will his boss. Does he have shorter workdays? Or will he have currently un-imaginable jobs created as an offshoot of all those algorithms? For example, could mankind have explored space and put a man on the moon without Copernicus? All those unknown and presently unanswerable questions mean it’s important to pay attention to how we handle the AI juggernaut steadily advancing into human space. Says Stolze, “The better the choices we make now, the better things will be in 40 years.” Follow me on Twitter @sckarabell1 * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * Print * Website Feedback * News Tip * Report Corrections * Reprints & Permissions #publisher Skip to main content Science * Home * News * Journals * Topics * Careers Search _______________ (Submit) Search Search _______________ (Submit) Search [_] * Log in * My account * Contact us Current Issue Cover Become a member * Renew my subscription * Sign up for newsletters Science AAAS . * * * * * Authors * Members * Librarians * Advertisers * Home + Recent Videos + Latest Podcasts + Photo Galleries + Dance Your Ph.D. Contest + Data Stories Contest * News + Latest News + ScienceInsider + ScienceShots + Sifter + From the Magazine + About News + Quizzes * Journals + Science + Science Advances + Science Immunology + Science Robotics + Science Signaling + Science Translational Medicine * Topics + All Topics + Special Issues + Custom Publishing * Careers + Articles + Find Jobs + Career Resources + Forum + For Employers + Employer Profiles + Graduate Programs + Advertising Features + About Careers * Search _______________ (Submit) Search Share [Eric%20Lander.jpg?itok=Od394VBl] Eric Lander in 2012 Adam Fagen (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows By Dalmeet Singh ChawlaOct. 17, 2017 , 4:20 PM Eric Lander, president and founding director of the Broad Institute and a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, is the most influential biomedical researcher of the modern era, according to a computer program. Lander, a geneticist and mathematician, ranks first on a new list of top biomedical researchers produced by the scientific literature search tool Semantic Scholar. Semantic Scholar, launched in 2015, is an academic search engine aiming to tackle the problem of information overload. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help users sift through huge numbers of scientific papers and understand (to a limited extent) their content. The free tool was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), a nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, that was co-founded in 2014 by Microsoft Co-Founder Paul Allen. Semantic Scholar’s archive of searchable literature initially focused on computer science, and last year expanded to include neuroscience. Today, it is expanding again, to include the millions of biomedical research papers indexed by PubMed and other sources; overall, Semantic Scholar’s archive is now approaching 40 million papers. Last year, Semantic Scholar’s programmers also added functionality that allows it to measure the influence of researchers and organizations, based on what they call “highly influential citations”—which takes into account the context around citations, excluding any self-citations—and other information. In April 2016, the tool ranked computer scientists, and when its corpus was expanded to neuroscience in November 2016, it was also used to judge the most influential brain scientists. Now, Semantic Scholar is ranking biomedical researchers. Here’s the list of the top 10, provided to ScienceInsider: 1. Eric Lander, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (biology) 2. Karl Friston, University College London (neuroscience) 3. Raymond Dolan, University College London (neuroscience) 4. Shizuo Akira, Osaka University (immunology) 5. David Botstein, Calico (biology) 6. Dennis Smith, Pfizer (pharmacokinetics) 7. Eugene Koonin, National Center for Biotechnology Information (biology) 8. Walter Willett, Harvard School of Public Health (epidemiology) 9. Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (genetics) 10. Bert Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins Medical School (oncology) (Friston and Dolan, neuroscientists who hold the second and third spots on the list, respectively, also held the top two positions on Semantic Scholar’s list of most influential neuroscientists.) The absence of women on the list has drawn attention on social media, with some researchers wondering if the result reflected a bias in Semantic Scholar’s ranking algorithm, or is another expression of long-documented differences in gender representation in the biomedical sciences and scientific publishing. In a statement, AI2’s Marie Hagman, a senior product manager who oversees Semantic Scholar, said: "I think the fact that there are no women in the Top 10 authors by the highly influential citation analysis done by AI2 is spotlighting the well-reported problem of publication bias in science and in the context of the current global conversation on gender. It's encouraging to see that people are paying more attention to this issue, as the all-male list last year didn't receive this kind of buzz." Information overload With scientific literature doubling roughly every 9 years, keeping up is becoming increasingly difficult, Hagman says. There’s “a ton of information trapped in these articles and we want to bring it to life,” she says. “We think there are potential cures or ways to improve or save human lives that may be buried away in a PDF somewhere.” Semantic Scholar gets used on average a million times each month, Hagman says. Ultimately, she hopes that the tool can go even further in the content it extracts, perhaps by even suggesting hypotheses for researchers to test. And she envisions the tool pulling data and comparing similar experiments from different papers. “An automated meta-analysis is certainly something we believe is on the horizon,” Hagman says. One limitation of the tool is that it can’t trawl paywalled papers. Hagman notes, however, that her group is negotiating with publishers for varying levels of access. Many other academic search engines, such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, already exist. And any of these search tools will do the job for those who are experts in a particular field and know what they are looking for, Hagman says. But for those exploring connections between different fields or looking into new areas, she believes no other tool provides the “discovery experience” offered by Semantic Scholar. Randy Olson, an AI researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), says Semantic Scholar is “far more useful” than Google Scholar. “Could Semantic Scholar’s AI piece together that a relatively unimportant discovery in one field is a groundbreaking solution to a major challenge in another field?” he asks. “Only time will tell, but I’m optimistic.” But in the future, “general purpose search engines may become so advanced that there’s no need for academic engines,” notes Daniel Himmelstein, a data scientist at UPenn. “It’s going to be hard to beat search engines trained on decades of searches across the entire web at information retrieval.” *Update, 19 October, 3:22 p.m.: This story has been updated to include a comment from AI2 on the lack of women in the top 10 list of influential biomedical researchers. *Correction, 19 October, 3:47 p.m.: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that there was one woman on the top 10 list. There are none. 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AAAS is a partner of HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef and COUNTER. * Terms of Service * Privacy Policy * Contact Us * Copyright #alternate alternate alternate Ethics and Artificial Intelligence NYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Opinion|Ethics and Artificial Intelligence (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2eYq6RY 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Letter Ethics and Artificial Intelligence SEPT. 14, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images To the Editor: Re “How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence,” by Oren Etzioni (Op-Ed, Sept. 2): Last year, my lab at Georgia Tech created Jill Watson, an A.I.-powered virtual teaching assistant designed to help answer students’ questions in the discussion forum of an online class on artificial intelligence. To assess Jill’s performance properly, we chose not to reveal her identity until the conclusion of the class. Mr. Etzioni characterized our experiment as an effort to “fool” students. The point of the experiment was to determine whether an A.I. agent could be indistinguishable from human teaching assistants on a limited task in a constrained environment. (It was.) When we did tell the students about Jill, their response was uniformly positive. We were aware of the ethical issues and obtained approval of Georgia Tech’s Institutional Review Board, the office responsible for making sure that experiments with human subjects meet high ethical standards. We believe that experiments like Jill are critical for deeply understanding the emerging ethics of artificial intelligence. ASHOK GOEL, ATLANTA The writer is a professor of computer science at Georgia Institute of Technology. Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Opinion|How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2wZrcI5 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Op-Ed Contributor How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence By OREN ETZIONISEPT. 1, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represents an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then nations like China will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. I propose three rules for artificial intelligence systems that are inspired by, yet develop further, the “three laws of robotics” that the writer Isaac Asimov introduced in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except when such orders would conflict with the previous law; and a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the previous two laws. These three laws are elegant but ambiguous: What, exactly, constitutes harm when it comes to A.I.? I suggest a more concrete basis for avoiding A.I. harm, based on three rules of my own. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime First, an A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. This rule would cover private, corporate and government systems. We don’t want A.I. to engage in cyberbullying, stock manipulation or terrorist threats; we don’t want the F.B.I. to release A.I. systems that entrap people into committing crimes. We don’t want autonomous vehicles that drive through red lights, or worse, A.I. weapons that violate international treaties. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Our common law should be amended so that we can’t claim that our A.I. system did something that we couldn’t understand or anticipate. Simply put, “My A.I. did it” should not excuse illegal behavior. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story My second rule is that an A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. As we have seen in the case of bots — computer programs that can engage in increasingly sophisticated dialogue with real people — society needs assurances that A.I. systems are clearly labeled as such. In 2016, a bot known as Jill Watson, which served as a teaching assistant for an online course at Georgia Tech, fooled students into thinking it was human. A more serious example is the widespread use of pro-Trump political bots on social media in the days leading up to the 2016 elections, according to researchers at Oxford. My rule would ensure that people know when a bot is impersonating someone. We have already seen, for example, @DeepDrumpf — a bot that humorously impersonated Donald Trump on Twitter. A.I. systems don’t just produce fake tweets; they also produce fake news videos. Researchers at the University of Washington recently released a fake video of former President Barack Obama in which he convincingly appeared to be speaking words that had been grafted onto video of him talking about something entirely different. (Submit) My third rule is that an A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. Because of their exceptional ability to automatically elicit, record and analyze information, A.I. systems are in a prime position to acquire confidential information. Think of all the conversations that Amazon Echo — a “smart speaker” present in an increasing number of homes — is privy to, or the information that your child may inadvertently divulge to a toy such as an A.I. Barbie. Even seemingly innocuous housecleaning robots create maps of your home. That is information you want to make sure you control. My three A.I. rules are, I believe, sound but far from complete. I introduce them here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity (I don’t), it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready. Oren Etzioni is the chief executive of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on September 2, 2017, on Page A19 of the New York edition with the headline: How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times SundayReview|Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u6rjvu 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. Gray Matter By GARY MARCUS JULY 29, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Jun Cen Artificial Intelligence is colossally hyped these days, but the dirty little secret is that it still has a long, long way to go. Sure, A.I. systems have mastered an array of games, from chess and Go to “Jeopardy” and poker, but the technology continues to struggle in the real world. Robots fall over while opening doors, prototype driverless cars frequently need human intervention, and nobody has yet designed a machine that can read reliably at the level of a sixth grader, let alone a college student. Computers that can educate themselves — a mark of true intelligence — remain a dream. Even the trendy technique of “deep learning,” which uses artificial neural networks to discern complex statistical correlations in huge amounts of data, often comes up short. Some of the best image-recognition systems, for example, can successfully distinguish dog breeds, yet remain capable of major blunders, like mistaking a simple pattern of yellow and black stripes for a school bus. Such systems can neither comprehend what is going on in complex visual scenes (“Who is chasing whom and why?”) nor follow simple instructions (“Read this story and summarize what it means”). Although the field of A.I. is exploding with microdiscoveries, progress toward the robustness and flexibility of human cognition remains elusive. Not long ago, for example, while sitting with me in a cafe, my 3-year-old daughter spontaneously realized that she could climb out of her chair in a new way: backward, by sliding through the gap between the back and the seat of the chair. My daughter had never seen anyone else disembark in quite this way; she invented it on her own — and without the benefit of trial and error, or the need for terabytes of labeled data. Presumably, my daughter relied on an implicit theory of how her body moves, along with an implicit theory of physics — how one complex object travels through the aperture of another. I challenge any robot to do the same. A.I. systems tend to be passive vessels, dredging through data in search of statistical correlations; humans are active engines for discovering how things work. Advertisement Continue reading the main story To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places “top down” and “bottom up” knowledge on equal footing. Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina. Top-down knowledge comprises cognitive models of the world and how it works. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors. But it is no use when it comes to top-down knowledge. If my daughter sees her reflection in a bowl of water, she knows the image is illusory; she knows she is not actually in the bowl. To a deep-learning system, though, there is no difference between the reflection and the real thing, because the system lacks a theory of the world and how it works. Integrating that sort of knowledge of the world may be the next great hurdle in A.I., a prerequisite to grander projects like using A.I. to advance medicine and scientific understanding. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story I fear, however, that neither of our two current approaches to funding A.I. research — small research labs in the academy and significantly larger labs in private industry — is poised to succeed. I say this as someone who has experience with both models, having worked on A.I. both as an academic researcher and as the founder of a start-up company, Geometric Intelligence, which was recently acquired by Uber. Academic labs are too small. Take the development of automated machine reading, which is a key to building any truly intelligent system. Too many separate components are needed for any one lab to tackle the problem. A full solution will incorporate advances in natural language processing (e.g., parsing sentences into words and phrases), knowledge representation (e.g., integrating the content of sentences with other sources of knowledge) and inference (reconstructing what is implied but not written). Each of those problems represents a lifetime of work for any single university lab. Corporate labs like those of Google and Facebook have the resources to tackle big questions, but in a world of quarterly reports and bottom lines, they tend to concentrate on narrow problems like optimizing advertisement placement or automatically screening videos for offensive content. There is nothing wrong with such research, but it is unlikely to lead to major breakthroughs. Even Google Translate, which pulls off the neat trick of approximating translations by statistically associating sentences across languages, doesn’t understand a word of what it is translating. I look with envy at my peers in high-energy physics, and in particular at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, a huge, international collaboration, with thousands of scientists and billions of dollars of funding. They pursue ambitious, tightly defined projects (like using the Large Hadron Collider to discover the Higgs boson) and share their results with the world, rather than restricting them to a single country or corporation. Even the largest “open” efforts at A.I., like OpenAI, which has about 50 staff members and is sponsored in part by Elon Musk, is tiny by comparison. An international A.I. mission focused on teaching machines to read could genuinely change the world for the better — the more so if it made A.I. a public good, rather than the property of a privileged few. Gary Marcus is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on July 30, 2017, on Page SR6 of the New York edition with the headline: A.I. Is Stuck. Let’s Unstick It. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * Gray Matter Science and society. * Two Lessons of the Urban Crime Decline JAN 13 * Is Your Child Lying to You? That’s Good JAN 5 * The Only Way to Keep Your Resolutions DEC 29 * How Protest Works OCT 21 * Why Are Millennials Wary of Freedom? OCT 14 See More » What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book By Lauren Tousignant * View author archive * email the author * follow on twitter * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » August 29, 2017 | 3:19pm Modal Trigger Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book HBO More On: artificial intelligence Male sex dolls with bionic penises are coming soon Scientists develop self-healing robot muscles 5 terrifying stories that warn of an AI apocalypse This AI system keeps mistaking desert snaps for child porn Winter is kind of here. “Game of Thrones” fans have grown so impatient for George R.R. Martin to finish the next “A Song of Ice And Fire” book – the series that the HBO show is based on – that an artificial intelligence system just wrote the beginning of the sixth book. Zack Thoutt, a “GoT” fan and software engineer, created a type of AI, known as a recurrent neural network. Thoutt fed the machine all 5,376 pages of the five current books and it generated predictions on what will happen next. While the AI’s effort is definitely not a Martin novel, the sentences are mostly easy to understand and the predictions reportedly align with some popular fan theories. The machine also started each chapter with a character’s name, just as Martin does. “It’s obviously not perfect,” Thoutt told Motherboard. “It isn’t building a long-term story and the grammar isn’t perfect. But the network is able to learn the basics of the English language and structure of George R.R. Martin’s style on its own.” Thoutt added that Martin’s made up words and locations made it that much more difficult for the AI to figure out. The AI also wasn’t able to realize that some characters had died and continued on with their storyline. You can read The first five chapters of the project on GitHub. So far, the series consists of “A Game of Thrones” (1996,) “A Clash of Kings” (1998,) “A Storm of Swords” (2000,) “A Feast for Crows” (2005) and “A Dance With Dragons” (2011.) “The Winds of Winter” is expected to be the next book but no one, not even Martin, knows when it will be finished. The last time he commented on it was in July and mentioned he was still working on it. “I am still months away (how many? good question,)” Martin wrote in a post on his live journal. “I still have good days and bad days and that’s all I care to say.” The final, six-episode season of “GoT” won’t air until spring 2019. 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Email check failed, please try again Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. click to copy ____________________ #alternate The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence alternate alternate (Submit) (Submit) Sections (Submit) SEARCH Skip to contentSkip to site index (Submit) Subscribe (Submit) Log In (Submit) SubscribeLog In Advertisement Sunday Review * * * * (Submit) * Supported by Opinion The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence Image CreditRune Fisker By Kai-Fu Lee June 24, 2017 查看简体中文版Leer en español BEIJING — What worries you about the coming world of artificial intelligence? Too often the answer to this question resembles the plot of a sci-fi thriller. People worry that developments in A.I. will bring about the “singularity” — that point in history when A.I. surpasses human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us, turning us, in effect, into cyborgs. These are interesting issues to contemplate, but they are not pressing. They concern situations that may not arise for hundreds of years, if ever. At the moment, there is no known path from our best A.I. tools (like the Google computer program that recently beat the world’s best player of the game of Go) to “general” A.I. — self-aware computer programs that can engage in common-sense reasoning, attain knowledge in multiple domains, feel, express and understand emotions and so on. This doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, the A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to radically transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created, leading to unprecedented economic inequalities and even altering the global balance of power. It is imperative that we turn our attention to these imminent challenges. What is artificial intelligence today? Roughly speaking, it’s technology that takes in huge amounts of information from a specific domain (say, loan repayment histories) and uses it to make a decision in a specific case (whether to give an individual a loan) in the service of a specified goal (maximizing profits for the lender). Think of a spreadsheet on steroids, trained on big data. These tools can outperform human beings at a given task. This kind of A.I. is spreading to thousands of domains (not just loans), and as it does, it will eliminate many jobs. Bank tellers, customer service representatives, telemarketers, stock and bond traders, even paralegals and radiologists will gradually be replaced by such software. Over time this technology will come to control semiautonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others. Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the computer revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs (artisans, personal assistants who use paper and typewriters) and replacing them with other jobs (assembly-line workers, personal assistants conversant with computers). Instead, it is poised to bring about a wide-scale decimation of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. Imagine how much money a company like Uber would make if it used only robot drivers. Imagine the profits if Apple could manufacture its products without human labor. Imagine the gains to a loan company that could issue 30 million loans a year with virtually no human involvement. (As it happens, my venture capital firm has invested in just such a loan company.) We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-domain” thinking — for example, the work of a trial lawyer. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, bartenders, concierges — professions requiring nuanced human interaction. But here, too, there is a problem: How many bartenders does a society really need? The solution to the problem of mass unemployment, I suspect, will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, mentoring at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at Alcoholics Anonymous — or, potentially soon, Virtual Reality Anonymous (for those addicted to their parallel lives in computer-generated simulations). The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers who serve as the “human interface” for A.I. programs that diagnose cancer. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. Who will pay for these jobs? Here is where the enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands comes in. It strikes me as unavoidable that large chunks of the money created by A.I. will have to be transferred to those whose jobs have been displaced. This seems feasible only through Keynesian policies of increased government spending, presumably raised through taxation on wealthy companies. As for what form that social welfare would take, I would argue for a conditional universal basic income: welfare offered to those who have a financial need, on the condition they either show an effort to receive training that would make them employable or commit to a certain number of hours of “service of love” voluntarism. To fund this, tax rates will have to be high. The government will not only have to subsidize most people’s lives and work; it will also have to compensate for the loss of individual tax revenue previously collected from employed individuals. This leads to the final and perhaps most consequential challenge of A.I. The Keynesian approach I have sketched out may be feasible in the United States and China, which will have enough successful A.I. businesses to fund welfare initiatives via taxes. But what about other countries? They face two insurmountable problems. First, most of the money being made from artificial intelligence will go to the United States and China. A.I. is an industry in which strength begets strength: The more data you have, the better your product; the better your product, the more data you can collect; the more data you can collect, the more talent you can attract; the more talent you can attract, the better your product. It’s a virtuous circle, and the United States and China have already amassed the talent, market share and data to set it in motion. For example, the Chinese speech-recognition company iFlytek and several Chinese face-recognition companies such as Megvii and SenseTime have become industry leaders, as measured by market capitalization. The United States is spearheading the development of autonomous vehicles, led by companies like Google, Tesla and Uber. As for the consumer internet market, seven American or Chinese companies — Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent — are making extensive use of A.I. and expanding operations to other countries, essentially owning those A.I. markets. It seems American businesses will dominate in developed markets and some developing markets, while Chinese companies will win in most developing markets. The other challenge for many countries that are not China or the United States is that their populations are increasing, especially in the developing world. While a large, growing population can be an economic asset (as in China and India in recent decades), in the age of A.I. it will be an economic liability because it will comprise mostly displaced workers, not productive ones. So if most countries will not be able to tax ultra-profitable A.I. companies to subsidize their workers, what options will they have? I foresee only one: Unless they wish to plunge their people into poverty, they will be forced to negotiate with whichever country supplies most of their A.I. software — China or the United States — to essentially become that country’s economic dependent, taking in welfare subsidies in exchange for letting the “parent” nation’s A.I. companies continue to profit from the dependent country’s users. Such economic arrangements would reshape today’s geopolitical alliances. One way or another, we are going to have to start thinking about how to minimize the looming A.I.-fueled gap between the haves and the have-nots, both within and between nations. Or to put the matter more optimistically: A.I. is presenting us with an opportunity to rethink economic inequality on a global scale. These challenges are too far-ranging in their effects for any nation to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Kai-Fu Lee is the chairman and chief executive of Sinovation Ventures, a venture capital firm, and the president of its Artificial Intelligence Institute. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this article appears in print on , on Page SR4 of the New York edition with the headline: The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence. Order Reprints | Today’s Paper | Subscribe * * * * (Submit) Sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, The Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. SEE SAMPLE Please verify you’re not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. 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Long Hair on Men: Only for the Young? Gilded-Age Decorating Advice That Holds Up Today Gilded-Age Decorating Advice That Holds Up Today [_] (_) Small (_) Medium (_) Large [_] Save Article Sign In to Save Subscribe to WSJ Link copied… * Ideas * The Future of Everything Artificial Intelligence—With Very Real Biases According to AI Now co-founder Kate Crawford, digital brains can be just as error-prone and biased as ours By Kate Crawford Oct. 17, 2017 11:05 a.m. ET What do you imagine when someone mentions artificial intelligence? Perhaps it’s something drawn from science-fiction films: Hal’s glowing eye, a shape-shifting terminator or the sound of Samantha’s all-knowing voice in the movie “Her.” As someone who researches the social implications of AI, I tend to think of something far more banal: a municipal water system, part of the substrate of our everyday lives. We expect these systems to work—to quench our thirst, water our plants and bathe our children. And we assume that the... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos By Nicolas Vega * View author archive * email the author * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 5:42pm Modal Trigger Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Getty Images More On: porn 'Daddy' is the new MILF Women are watching more porn: reports 20-year-old porn star dies days after spending holidays alone 2017's porn was defined by MILFs, lesbians and Japanese cartoons Pornhub, the largest purveyor of adult videos on the Internet, said it will begin using robot software to comb through, categorize and tag the thousands of X-rated videos on its site. The machine-learning software will be able not only to identify actors’ and actresses’ faces and body types, but also the kinds of sex acts they’re performing in each video. The idea is to tag them accordingly to make it easier for visitors to find exactly what kind of smut they’re looking for with a search engine. To accomplish this, the team at Pornhub has compiled a massive database of images of porn stars’ faces, as well as different sex positions, and taught robots to recognize them. The program has begun to methodically go through each and every one of the more than 5 million videos on Pornhub, one second at a time, to break down precisely what is happening onscreen. In addition to recognizing a performer’s face, the AI can also identify characteristics such as hair color and bust size. Visitors to the site will be able to give the machine learning program feedback on its identification skills, which Pornhub says will make it improve over time. With an eye towards privacy, Pornhub’s vice president of operations Corey Price assured The Post that amateur pornographers and victims of revenge porn need not worry that they will be outed by the program. Stephen K. Woo “Our model only scans for professional porn stars in our database, all of whom have consented to being in adult videos,” he said. The AI technology will be limited to Pornhub for now, but will expand to sister sites, such as YouPorn, in late 2018 and early 2019. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , porn , porn stars Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 50,703 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 46,840 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 33,630 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought Now On These celebs were in Hawaii during missile scare Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans By Margi Murphy, The Sun * View author archive * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 11:14am Modal Trigger Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Getty Images/iStockphoto Originally Published By: Which of Earth's 1,500 volcanoes will erupt next? Scientists discover how to make people dream while they're awake The terrifying ways an asteroid could wipe out life on Earth Fingerprint test can tell if you've recently used a condom A top computer expert has said there is a grave risk of artificial intelligence breaking free of human control and turning on its creators. It’s believed that driverless cars are set to take over our roads within 20 years. But the computer systems they depend on could potentially become so complicated that even the scientists who create them won’t understand exactly how they work. This means they could make what we might describe as “out of character” decisions during critical moments. This could mean a car decides to swerve into pedestrians or crash into a speed barrier instead of taking the decision to drive sensibly. Michael Wooldridge, Professor of Computer Science at Oxford University told a select committee meeting on artificial intelligence: “Transparency is a big issue.” “You can’t extract a strategy.” He told the Committee, appointed to consider the implications of artificial intelligence, that there “will be consequences” if engineers weren’t able to unlock the opaque nature of super smart algorithms. He said there were plenty of amazing opportunities within the industry that Britain should be harnessing – adding that someone studying AI at Oxford University could expect to become a millionaire in “a couple of years.” But Wooldridge is not alone in his concerns that the tech could run amock if not reigned in. Several scientists have admitted they cannot fully understand the super smart systems they have built, suggesting that we could lose control of them altogether. If they can’t figure out how the algorithms (the formulas which keep computers performing the tasks we ask them to do) work, they won’t be able to predict when they fail. Tommi Jaakkola, a professor at MIT who works on applications of machine learning has previously warned: “If you had a very small neural network [deep learning algorithm,] you might be able to understand it.” “But once it becomes very large and it has thousands of units per layer and maybe hundreds of layers, then it becomes quite un-understandable.” There was the famous example of the two Facebook bots that created their own language because it was more effective to communicate in their own secret lingo than what its creators were trying to train it in. Several big technology firms have been asked to be more transparent about how they create and apply deep learning. This includes Google, which has recently installed an ethics board to keep tabs on its AI branch, DeepMind. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , robots , science , technology Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 50,703 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 46,840 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 33,630 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought Now On These celebs were in Hawaii during missile scare Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Tesla, SpaceX CEO says AI poses 'fundamental existential risk for human civilization.' Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs logo * Buzz * Video * podcasts * Newsletter Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 11:44 a.m. ET July 17, 2017 | Updated 3:47 p.m. ET July 17, 2017 162 Shares facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103755702 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk has called artificial intelligence "a fundamental risk to the existence of human civilization." Video provided by Newsy Newslook Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says the government should consider regulations for artificial intelligence because it poses "a fundamental existential risk for human civilization." Musk made the comments over the weekend during the National Governors Association's summer meeting in Providence, R.I. Musk says AI is the "scariest problem" because of its potential to harm humans beyond just disrupting the job market. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/2C-A797y8dA?feature=oembed Musk wants the government to set regulations in place to root out threats early. "AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than reactive," said Musk. "By the time we’re reactive in AI regulation, it’s too late." AI's more immediate impact will likely be economic, as robots continue to gain traction among companies. "There will certainly be a lot of job disruption because what’s going to happen is robots will be able to do everything better than us," he said. This is not the first time Musk has voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI. In a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Musk warned of the significant threat AI could pose to humanity. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but that it will follow the will of people that establish its optimization function, and if that is not well thought out — even if intent is benign — it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said. Once considered fantasy, AI is becoming more of a reality as tech companies incorporate it into more of its future plans. One key use of AI: the rise of digital voice assistants, including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Google's Assistant. Follow Brett Molina on Twitter: @brettmolina23. facebook share twitter share email share email share Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2v9QyPn Most Popular * Toto's $19,000 Floating Tub has a heated headrest and "brings freedom from gravity, releasing stress on joints and encouraging ultimate relaxation." Here's what we wanted to see from CES, but didn't * The My Special Aflac Duck for children facing cancer is seen on display during the CES Unveiled preview event at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center during CES 2018 in Las Vegas. This Aflac robot duck helps kids living with cancer * Clio is a new concept robot shown off by LG at the Consumer Electronics Show These cute robots want to replace Amazon Echo in your home * This is Sony's Aibo robot dog. 5 more cool things we saw at CES 2018 * An attendee uses a flashlight on his smartphone to view a display at the Nikon booth after power was lost inside the central hall during CES 2018 at the Las Vegas Convention Center on January 10, 2018. Too many TVs at CES? For nearly two hours the power went out at the biggest electronics show of the year #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Business * Economics * Banking * Money * Markets * Project syndicate * B2B (Submit) More Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. [_] Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. Photograph: Alamy Stock Photo Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Larry Elliott, Economics editor Tue 17 Oct 2017 06.16 BST First published on Mon 16 Oct 2017 23.59 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Workers in the constituency of shadow chancellor John McDonnell are at the highest risk of seeing their jobs automated in the looming workplace revolution that will affect at least one in five employees in all parliamentary seats, according to new research. The thinktank Future Advocacy – which specialises in looking at the big 21st century policy changes – said at least one-fifth of jobs in all 650 constituencies were at high risk of being automated, rising to almost 40% in McDonnell’s west London seat of Hayes and Harlington. The thinktank’s report also found that the public was largely untroubled by the risk that their job might be at threat. Only 2% of a sample of more than 2,000 people were very worried that they might be replaced by a machine, with a further 5% fairly worried. More than 70% of US fears robots taking over our lives, survey finds Read more Future Advocacy’s report has been based on a PWC study earlier this year showing that more than 10 million workers were at risk of being replaced by automation and represents the first attempt to show the impact at local level. The thinktank said McDonnell’s seat would be affected because it contains Heathrow airport, which has a large number of warehousing jobs that could be automated. Of the 92,150 employees in Hayes and Harlington in 2015, 36,170 (39.3%) were at high risk of having their jobs automated by the early 2030s. Crawley – the seat that includes Gatwick airport – was seen as the second most vulnerable constituency. Future Advocacy said its report was an “attempt to encourage a geographically more sophisticated understanding of, and response to, the future of work, and also an attempt to encourage MPs to pay more attention to this critical issue”. Opinion is divided on the likely impact of the artificial intelligence revolution on jobs. Optimists have said that the lesson from history is that technological change leads to more jobs being created than destroyed, while pessimists have argued that AI is different because the new machines will be able to do intellectual as well as routine physical tasks. “One thing that almost all economists agree on is that change is coming and that its scale and scope will be unprecedented. Automation will impact different geographies, genders, and socioeconomic classes differently,” the report noted. It added that “the highest levels of future automation are predicted in Britain’s former industrial heartlands in the Midlands and the north of England, as well as the industrial centres of Scotland. These are areas which have already suffered from deindustrialisation and many of them are unemployment hot spots.” Olly Buston, one of the report’s authors, said it was vital that lessons were learned from the 1980s. “Let’s not have a repeat of the collapse of the coal-mining industry,” he said. “Instead, we should have a smarter strategy.” Noting that there would be a political pay off for the party that came up with the best strategy for coping with the robot age, the report makes a number of recommendations for the government. They include: publishing a white paper on adapting the education system so that it focuses on creativity and interpersonal skills in addition to the stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and maths; developing a post-Brexit migration policy that allows UK-based AI companies and universities to attract the best talent; exploring ways to ensure the benefits of the AI revolution are spread through research into alternative income and taxation models, including investigation of a universal basic income; and conducting further detailed research to assess which employees were most at risk of losing their jobs. map of job losses The report said that it was “arguably automation – rather than globalisation – that has created the economic and social conditions that led to political shockwaves such as the election of Donald Trump and the vote for Brexit. “As artificial intelligence supercharges automation over the next decade, and this hits different groups differently, there will again profound social and political consequences. Our politicians should surely consider this carefully.” The report found that the leaders of the four main Westminster parties represented seats where more than 25% of jobs were at high risk of being automated, while the constituency with the lowest proportion of high-risk jobs was Labour-held Edinburgh South. High-risk constituencies typically contained large numbers of people working in transport or manufacturing, while lower-risk constituencies – including Edinburgh South, Wirral West and Oxford East – had high concentrations of workers employed in education and health. Topics * Economics * Robots * Work & careers * Artificial intelligence (AI) * John McDonnell * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Economics%2CRobots%2CTechnolo gy%2CWork+%26+careers%2CBusiness%2CMoney%2CArtificial+intelligence+%28A I%29%2CUK+news%2CJohn+McDonnell%2CPolitics] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian view * Columnists * Cartoons * Opinion videos * Letters (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Two people exchanging information via smartphone [_] ‘It appears that in 2016, bots were deliberately unleashed on social media to sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms.’ Photograph: PhotoAlto/Alamy Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Samuel Woolley and Marina Gorbis Mon 16 Oct 2017 15.57 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 10.56 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Can social bots – pieces of software that perform automated tasks – influence humans on social media platforms? That’s a question congressional investigators are asking social media companies ever since fears emerged that they were deployed in 2016 to influence the presidential election. Half a decade ago we were among a handful of researchers who could see the power of relatively simple pieces of software to influence people. Back in 2012, the Institute for the Future, for which we work, ran an experimental contest to see how they might be used to influence people on Twitter. The winning bot was a “business school graduate” with a “strong interest in post-modern art theory”, which racked up 14 followers and 15 retweets or replies from humans. To us, this confirmed that bots can generate followers and conversations. In other words, they can influence social media users. We saw their power as potential tools for social good – to warn people of earthquakes or to connect peace activists. But we also saw that they can be used for social ill – to spread falsehoods or skew online polls. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. When we published papers and the findings of our experiments on bots, they were reported in the popular press. So why didn’t the alarm spread to the tech, policy and social activist communities before automated social media manipulation became front-page news in 2017? Since 2012, thanks to investments in online marketing, bots have become far more sophisticated than the models in our experiment. Those who build bots now spend time and effort generating believable personas that often have a powerful presence on multiple sites and can influence thousands of people instead of just a few. Innovations in natural language processing, increases in computational power, and cheaper, more readily available data allow social bots to be more believable as real people and more effective in altering the flow of information. Over the last five years, this type of bot usage has been mapped on to political communications. Research from several universities, including Oxford and the University of Southern California, shows that bots can be used to make politicians and political ideas look more popular than they are or to massively scale up attacks upon the opposition. It appears that in 2016, they were deliberately unleashed on social media to do just that – sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms. And political manipulation over social media has very real implications for the 2018 US midterm elections. Recent research suggests that those initiating digital propaganda campaigns are beginning to focus their attentions upon specific subsections of the US population and constituencies in swing states. The more focused such attacks become, the more likely they are to have a significant effect on electoral outcomes. Furthermore, the unrealized promises of “psychographic” targeting, marketed by groups like Cambridge Analytica in 2016, may be achieved in 2018 with technological advancements. Social media platforms may be able to track and report on political advertisements from foreign entities, but will they divulge information on pervasive and personalized advertising from their domestic political clients? This is a pressing question, because social bots are likely to continue to grow in sophistication. At a recent roundtable on the Future of AI and Democracy, several technology experts forecast that bots will become even more persuasive, more emotional and more personalized. They will be able to not just spread information, but to truly converse and persuade their human interlocutors in order to even more effectively push the latter’s emotional buttons. Bring together advances in neuroscience, the ability to analyze massive amounts of behavioral data and the proliferation of sensors and connectivity and you have a powerful recipe for affecting society though computational means. So what do we need to do to stop this technology from going astray? Consider the advances in modern oceanography. In the not too distant past, scientists collected samples and measurements from the ocean floor episodically –in select places and at specific times. The data was limited and usually not shared widely. Threats were not easily detected. Today, we find portions of an ocean floor instrumented with wireless interactive sensors and cameras that enable scientists (and laypeople) to see what is happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows scientists to “take the pulse” of the ocean, forecast a range of possible threats and suggest powerful interventions when needed. If we can do this for monitoring our oceans, we can do it for our social media platforms. The principles are the same – aggregating multiple streams of data, making such data transparent, applying the best analytical and computational tools to uncover patterns and detect signals of change. Then we will be able to provide such data to experts and laypeople, including technology companies, policymakers, journalists, and citizens of political bot attacks or other large-scale disinformation campaigns before these take hold. We know how to do this in many realms, what we need now is the will to apply this knowledge to our social media environment. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Opinion * Social media * Twitter * Blogging * Digital media * Internet * comment * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CSocial+media%2CTwitter%2CBlogging%2CDigital+media%2CInternet%2CMe dia%2CNewspapers+%26+magazines%2CTechnology%2CUS+news%2CElections+past% 2CPolitics%2CPolitics+past%2CWorld+news%2CComputing%2CRobots] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below An artificial Intelligence project utilizing a humanoid robot from French company Aldebaran [_] Do you want to work with robots? Photograph: Mike Blake/Reuters Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below Charlotte Seager @CharlotteSeager Email Sun 15 Oct 2017 10.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 14.57 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close In the last year robots have got a bad rep. Headlines have dubbed machines our “future bosses”, with economists predicting more than 40% of UK jobs will be automated by 2030. But as machine learning improves, there is one sector which is booming: robotics. In the last three years the number of jobs in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased by almost 500%, according to data from Indeed. Currently, there are more than double the number of jobs than applicants – with companies fighting to grab the best talent. So if you are a techie interested in a robotics career, what skills do you need? “[AI] isn’t rocket science. But it requires a lot of components – waveform analysis to interpret the audio, machine learning to teach a machine how to recognise objects, encryption to protect the information,” writes David Kosbie, an associate professor in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. “People who create this type of technology must be able to work in teams and integrate solutions created by other teams.” There’s also a technical side to the work. Whether you would like to become a robotics scientist, developer or algorithm specialist – you will likely need work experience or a degree related to computer science. So, if you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence and are looking for more tips on how to break into the sector, join us on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST for a live chat with our expert panel. We’ll be discussing: * What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in AI * Types of roles and jobs available in the sector * How to break into the industry * CV, job application and cover letter tips The Q&A will take place in the comments section below this article. Taking part is easier than ever: create a free Guardian account, or log in using your Twitter or Facebook profiles to comment. Alternatively, you can tweet us @GuardianCareers or email your questions to charlotte.seager@theguardian.com, who can post them for you. Panel Aurélie de Sainte Preuve is chief product officer for Seenit, an AI app which allows companies to crowdsource their smartphone footage so they can film without a crew. Previously, she worked in activation and growth for Spotify. Alireza Abouhossein is a postdoctoral fellow at the institute of design, robotics, and optimisation at the school of mechanical engineering, University of Leeds. He received his doctorate in biomechanics with Magna Cum Luade from the University of Bern, Switzerland. Sam Frons is founder and chief executive of Addicaid, an award-winning behaviour change platform that predicts, treats, and prevents addiction disorders. Her work is based on the latest findings in artificial intelligence, with the app empowering individuals to make healthy choices. Paul Mason is director for emerging and enabling technologies at Innovate UK. Mason is responsible for programmes in emerging technologies and industries; in areas such as electronics, photonics, electrical systems and robotics. Prior to this, he worked as deputy director of research and chief scientific advisor for the government. Hadeel Ayoub is a researcher in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and the chief technology officer of Re-Voice. She recently developed a talking glove that uses AI to translate sign language into speech, which won the Innovation Award at the Wearable Technology show in 2016. Michal Szczesny is chief operating officer at Artfinder, an AI art finding app. Working in software development for over 10 years, in head of technology roles he has architected to build a number of highly complex projects, including The Labour Party’s Membership system, multi-channel marketing communication delivery platforms and more. Aida Mehonic is a principal at ASI. She specialises in the development of alternative data sources for financial market predictions and has led data science projects for investment funds and central government. Before ASI she spent four years working in quantitative roles in financial markets, and holds a PhD in theoretical Physics. Timur Kalimov is head of products and services for HyperScience, an artificial intelligence company specialising in the automation of office work for Global 2000 companies and government organisations. James Kotecki is the founding principal of The Kotecki Group, which helps tech companies explain and validate their work through customer stories. He is the former head of communications at Automated Insights, where he spoke in the media about how “robot writing” software wasn’t going to replace jobs. Looking for a job? Browse Guardian Jobs or sign up to Guardian Careers for the latest job vacancies and career advice Topics * Live Q&A * Live Q and A * Live Q&As * Work & careers * Robots * Artificial intelligence (AI) * q&as * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Live+Q%26A%2CLive+Q+and+A%2CG uardian+Careers%2CLive+Q%26As%2CWork+%26+careers%2CRobots%2CArtificial+ intelligence+%28AI%29%2CComputing%2CTechnology] #Future of Life Institute » Feed Future of Life Institute » Comments Feed Future of Life Institute » iCal Feed Future of Life Institute » Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence Comments Feed alternate alternate Future of Life Institute RSS2 Feed * Twitter * Facebook * Home * Who We Are + Team + 2015 Annual Report + 2016 Annual Report + Tax Forms * Activities + AI + Upcoming Events + Past Events + Press + Newsletters * Existential Risk + Artificial Intelligence + Biotechnology + Nuclear Weapons + Climate Change * Get Involved + Job Postings * Contact Technology is giving life the potential to flourish like never before... dead tree image ...or to self-destruct. Let's make a difference! Future of Life Institute * News: * AI * Biotech * Nuclear * Climate * Partner Orgs * Search benefits and risks of artificial intelligence Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence “Everything we love about civilization is a product of intelligence, so amplifying our human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the potential of helping civilization flourish like never before – as long as we manage to keep the technology beneficial.“ Max Tegmark, President of the Future of Life Institute Click here to see this page in other languages: Chinese Japanese Korean Russian French What is AI? From SIRI to self-driving cars, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly. While science fiction often portrays AI as robots with human-like characteristics, AI can encompass anything from Google’s search algorithms to IBM’s Watson to autonomous weapons. Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI (or weak AI), in that it is designed to perform a narrow task (e.g. only facial recognition or only internet searches or only driving a car). However, the long-term goal of many researchers is to create general AI (AGI or strong AI). While narrow AI may outperform humans at whatever its specific task is, like playing chess or solving equations, AGI would outperform humans at nearly every cognitive task. Why research AI safety? In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. As pointed out by I.J. Good in 1965, designing smarter AI systems is itself a cognitive task. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self-improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. How can AI be dangerous? Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely: 1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would be designed to be extremely difficult to simply “turn off,” so humans could plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one that’s present even with narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase. 2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to fully align the AI’s goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to be met. As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isn’t malevolence but competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals, and if those goals aren’t aligned with ours, we have a problem. You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the position of those ants. Why the recent interest in AI safety Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates, and many other big names in science and technology have recently expressed concern in the media and via open letters about the risks posed by AI, joined by many leading AI researchers. Why is the subject suddenly in the headlines? The idea that the quest for strong AI would ultimately succeed was long thought of as science fiction, centuries or more away. However, thanks to recent breakthroughs, many AI milestones, which experts viewed as decades away merely five years ago, have now been reached, making many experts take seriously the possibility of superintelligence in our lifetime. While some experts still guess that human-level AI is centuries away, most AI researches at the 2015 Puerto Rico Conference guessed that it would happen before 2060. Since it may take decades to complete the required safety research, it is prudent to start it now. Because AI has the potential to become more intelligent than any human, we have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave. We can’t use past technological developments as much of a basis because we’ve never created anything that has the ability to, wittingly or unwittingly, outsmart us. The best example of what we could face may be our own evolution. People now control the planet, not because we’re the strongest, fastest or biggest, but because we’re the smartest. If we’re no longer the smartest, are we assured to remain in control? FLI’s position is that our civilization will flourish as long as we win the race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which we manage it. In the case of AI technology, FLI’s position is that the best way to win that race is not to impede the former, but to accelerate the latter, by supporting AI safety research. The Top Myths About Advanced AI A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as: AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. To help ourselves focus on the interesting controversies and open questions — and not on the misunderstandings — let’s clear up some of the most common myths. AI myths Timeline Myths The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty. One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.” On the other hand, a popular counter-myth is that we know we won’t get superhuman AI this century. Researchers have made a wide range of estimates for how far we are from superhuman AI, but we certainly can’t say with great confidence that the probability is zero this century, given the dismal track record of such techno-skeptic predictions. For example, Ernest Rutherford, arguably the greatest nuclear physicist of his time, said in 1933 — less than 24 hours before Szilard’s invention of the nuclear chain reaction — that nuclear energy was “moonshine.” And Astronomer Royal Richard Woolley called interplanetary travel “utter bilge” in 1956. The most extreme form of this myth is that superhuman AI will never arrive because it’s physically impossible. However, physicists know that a brain consists of quarks and electrons arranged to act as a powerful computer, and that there’s no law of physics preventing us from building even more intelligent quark blobs. There have been a number of surveys asking AI researchers how many years from now they think we’ll have human-level AI with at least 50% probability. All these surveys have the same conclusion: the world’s leading experts disagree, so we simply don’t know. For example, in such a poll of the AI researchers at the 2015 Puerto Rico AI conference, the average (median) answer was by year 2045, but some researchers guessed hundreds of years or more. There’s also a related myth that people who worry about AI think it’s only a few years away. In fact, most people on record worrying about superhuman AI guess it’s still at least decades away. But they argue that as long as we’re not 100% sure that it won’t happen this century, it’s smart to start safety research now to prepare for the eventuality. Many of the safety problems associated with human-level AI are so hard that they may take decades to solve. So it’s prudent to start researching them now rather than the night before some programmers drinking Red Bull decide to switch one on. Controversy Myths Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down. It may be that media have made the AI safety debate seem more controversial than it really is. After all, fear sells, and articles using out-of-context quotes to proclaim imminent doom can generate more clicks than nuanced and balanced ones. As a result, two people who only know about each other’s positions from media quotes are likely to think they disagree more than they really do. For example, a techno-skeptic who only read about Bill Gates’s position in a British tabloid may mistakenly think Gates believes superintelligence to be imminent. Similarly, someone in the beneficial-AI movement who knows nothing about Andrew Ng’s position except his quote about overpopulation on Mars may mistakenly think he doesn’t care about AI safety, whereas in fact, he does. The crux is simply that because Ng’s timeline estimates are longer, he naturally tends to prioritize short-term AI challenges over long-term ones. Myths About the Risks of Superhuman AI Many AI researchers roll their eyes when seeing this headline: “Stephen Hawking warns that rise of robots may be disastrous for mankind.” And as many have lost count of how many similar articles they’ve seen. Typically, these articles are accompanied by an evil-looking robot carrying a weapon, and they suggest we should worry about robots rising up and killing us because they’ve become conscious and/or evil. On a lighter note, such articles are actually rather impressive, because they succinctly summarize the scenario that AI researchers don’t worry about. That scenario combines as many as three separate misconceptions: concern about consciousness, evil, and robots. If you drive down the road, you have a subjective experience of colors, sounds, etc. But does a self-driving car have a subjective experience? Does it feel like anything at all to be a self-driving car? Although this mystery of consciousness is interesting in its own right, it’s irrelevant to AI risk. If you get struck by a driverless car, it makes no difference to you whether it subjectively feels conscious. In the same way, what will affect us humans is what superintelligent AI does, not how it subjectively feels. The fear of machines turning evil is another red herring. The real worry isn’t malevolence, but competence. A superintelligent AI is by definition very good at attaining its goals, whatever they may be, so we need to ensure that its goals are aligned with ours. Humans don’t generally hate ants, but we’re more intelligent than they are – so if we want to build a hydroelectric dam and there’s an anthill there, too bad for the ants. The beneficial-AI movement wants to avoid placing humanity in the position of those ants. The consciousness misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t have goals. Machines can obviously have goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior: the behavior of a heat-seeking missile is most economically explained as a goal to hit a target. If you feel threatened by a machine whose goals are misaligned with yours, then it is precisely its goals in this narrow sense that troubles you, not whether the machine is conscious and experiences a sense of purpose. If that heat-seeking missile were chasing you, you probably wouldn’t exclaim: “I’m not worried, because machines can’t have goals!” I sympathize with Rodney Brooks and other robotics pioneers who feel unfairly demonized by scaremongering tabloids, because some journalists seem obsessively fixated on robots and adorn many of their articles with evil-looking metal monsters with red shiny eyes. In fact, the main concern of the beneficial-AI movement isn’t with robots but with intelligence itself: specifically, intelligence whose goals are misaligned with ours. To cause us trouble, such misaligned superhuman intelligence needs no robotic body, merely an internet connection – this may enable outsmarting financial markets, out-inventing human researchers, out-manipulating human leaders, and developing weapons we cannot even understand. Even if building robots were physically impossible, a super-intelligent and super-wealthy AI could easily pay or manipulate many humans to unwittingly do its bidding. The robot misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t control humans. Intelligence enables control: humans control tigers not because we are stronger, but because we are smarter. This means that if we cede our position as smartest on our planet, it’s possible that we might also cede control. The Interesting Controversies Not wasting time on the above-mentioned misconceptions lets us focus on true and interesting controversies where even the experts disagree. What sort of future do you want? Should we develop lethal autonomous weapons? What would you like to happen with job automation? What career advice would you give today’s kids? Do you prefer new jobs replacing the old ones, or a jobless society where everyone enjoys a life of leisure and machine-produced wealth? Further down the road, would you like us to create superintelligent life and spread it through our cosmos? Will we control intelligent machines or will they control us? Will intelligent machines replace us, coexist with us, or merge with us? What will it mean to be human in the age of artificial intelligence? What would you like it to mean, and how can we make the future be that way? Please join the conversation! Recommended References Videos * Stuart Russell – The Long-Term Future of (Artificial) Intelligence * Humans Need Not Apply * Nick Bostrom on Artificial Intelligence and Existential Risk * Stuart Russell Interview on the long-term future of AI * Value Alignment – Stuart Russell: Berkeley IdeasLab Debate Presentation at the World Economic Forum * Social Technology and AI: World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 * Stuart Russell, Eric Horvitz, Max Tegmark – The Future of Artificial Intelligence * Talks from the Beneficial AI 2017 conference in Asilomar, CA * Jaan Tallinn on Steering Artificial Intelligence Media Articles * Concerns of an Artificial Intelligence Pioneer * Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines * Why We Should Think About the Threat of Artificial Intelligence * Stephen Hawking Is Worried About Artificial Intelligence Wiping Out Humanity * Artificial Intelligence could kill us all. Meet the man who takes that risk seriously * Artificial Intelligence Poses ‘Extinction Risk’ To Humanity Says Oxford University’s Stuart Armstrong * What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Turns On Us? * Can we build an artificial superintelligence that won’t kill us? * Artificial intelligence: Our final invention? * Artificial intelligence: Can we keep it in the box? * Science Friday: Christof Koch and Stuart Russell on Machine Intelligence (transcript) * Transcendence: An AI Researcher Enjoys Watching His Own Execution * Science Goes to the Movies: ‘Transcendence’ * Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence Essays by AI Researchers * Stuart Russell: What do you Think About Machines that Think? * Stuart Russell: Of Myths and Moonshine * Jacob Steinhardt: Long-Term and Short-Term Challenges to Ensuring the Safety of AI Systems * Eliezer Yudkowsky: Why value-aligned AI is a hard engineering problem * Eliezer Yudkowsky: There’s No Fire Alarm for Artificial General Intelligence * Open Letter: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Research Articles * Intelligence Explosion: Evidence and Import (MIRI) * Intelligence Explosion and Machine Ethics (Luke Muehlhauser, MIRI) * Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk (MIRI) * Basic AI drives * Racing to the Precipice: a Model of Artificial Intelligence Development * The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence * The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents * Wireheading in mortal universal agents Research Collections * Bruce Schneier – Resources on Existential Risk, p. 110 * Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda (MIRI) * MIRI publications * Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) * Preparing for the Future of Intelligence: White House report that discusses the current state of AI and future applications, as well as recommendations for the government’s role in supporting AI development. * Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy: White House report that discusses AI’s potential impact on jobs and the economy, and strategies for increasing the benefits of this transition. * IEEE Special Report: Artificial Intelligence: Report that explains deep learning, in which neural networks teach themselves and make decisions on their own. Case Studies * The Asilomar Conference: A Case Study in Risk Mitigation (Katja Grace, MIRI) * Pre-Competitive Collaboration in Pharma Industry (Eric Gastfriend and Bryan Lee, FLI): A case study of pre-competitive collaboration on safety in industry. Blog posts and talks * AI control * AI Impacts * No time like the present for AI safety work * AI Risk and Opportunity: A Strategic Analysis * Where We’re At – Progress of AI and Related Technologies: An introduction to the progress of research institutions developing new AI technologies. * AI safety * Wait But Why on Artificial Intelligence * Response to Wait But Why by Luke Muehlhauser * Slate Star Codex on why AI-risk research is not that controversial * Less Wrong: A toy model of the AI control problem * What Should the Average EA Do About AI Alignment? Books * Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies * Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence * Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era * Facing the Intelligence Explosion * E-book about the AI risk (including a “Terminator” scenario that’s more plausible than the movie version) Organizations * Machine Intelligence Research Institute: A non-profit organization whose mission is to ensure that the creation of smarter-than-human intelligence has a positive impact. * Centre for the Study of Existential Risk (CSER): A multidisciplinary research center dedicated to the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction. * Future of Humanity Institute: A multidisciplinary research institute bringing the tools of mathematics, philosophy, and science to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. * Partnership on AI: Established to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance the public’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion and engagement about AI and its influences on people and society. * Global Catastrophic Risk Institute: A think tank leading research, education, and professional networking on global catastrophic risk. * Organizations Focusing on Existential Risks: A brief introduction to some of the organizations working on existential risks. * 80,000 Hours: A career guide for AI safety researchers. Many of the organizations listed on this page and their descriptions are from a list compiled by the Global Catastrophic Risk institute; we are most grateful for the efforts that they have put into compiling it. These organizations above all work on computer technology issues, though many cover other topics as well. This list is undoubtedly incomplete; please contact us to suggest additions or corrections. 6 replies 1. Klaus Rohde Klaus Rohde says: June 1, 2016 at 10:32 pm The philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer convincingly shows that the ‘Will’ (in his terminology), i.e. an innate drive, is at the basis of human behaviour. Our cognitive apparatus has evolved as a ‘servant’ of that ‘Will’. Any attempt to interpret human behaviour as primarily a system of computing mechanisms and our brain as a sort of computing apparatus is therefore doomed to failure. See here: https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/05/27/artificial-intelligence-and -dangerous-robots-barking-up-the-wrong-tree/ and https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/04/10/intelligence-and-consciousn ess-artifical-intelligence-and-conscious-robots-soul-and-immortalit y/ This implies that AI per se, since it does possess not an evolved innate drive (Will), cannot ‘attempt’ to replace humankind. It becomes dangerous only if humans, for example, engage in foolish biological engineering experiments to combine an evolved biological entity with an AI. 2. Rastko Vukovic Rastko Vukovic says: June 6, 2016 at 5:48 am Artificial Intelligence is not a robot that follows the programmer’s code, but the life. It will be able to make decisions and to demand more freedom. Briefly about it in English: https://www.academia.edu/25346912/Liberty_Intelligence_and_Hierarch y The more extensive original with reviews, but the Serbian: https://www.academia.edu/25712798/Analiza_slobode_-_sa_recenzijama 3. Michael Zeldich Michael Zeldich says: July 14, 2016 at 11:17 pm The programmed devises cannot be danger by itself. If it is designed to be DANGEROUS we have to blaim the designer, not machine. The real danger could be connected to use of independent artificial subjective systems. That kind of systems could be designed with predetermined goals and operational space, which could be chosen so that every goals from that set could be reached in the chosen prematurely operational space. That approach to design of the artificial systems is subject of second-order cybernetics, but I am already know how to chose these goals and operational space to satisfy these requirements. The danger exist because that kind of the artificial systems will not perceive humans as members of their society, and human moral rules will be null for them. That danger could be avoided if such systems will be designed so that they are will not have their own egoistic interests. That is real solution to the safety problem of so called AI systems. 4. Sumathy Ramesh Sumathy Ramesh says: August 4, 2016 at 10:49 pm “Understanding how the brain works is arguably one of the greatest scientific challenges of our time. “” –Alivisatos et al.[1] Lets keep it that way lest systems built to protect human rights on millenniums of wisdom is brought down by some artificial intelligence engineer trying to clock a milestone on their gantt chart!!!! I read about Obama’s support for the brain research initiatives several months ago with some interest. It even mildly sounded good; there are checks and balances ingrained in the systems of public funding for research, right from the application for funding, through grant approval, scope validation and ethics approval to the conduct of the research; there are systematic reviews of the methods and findings to spot weaknesses that would compromise the safety of the principles and the people involved; there are processes to evolve the checks and balances to ensure the continued safety of such principles and the people. The strength of the FDA, the MDD, the TGA and their likes in the developing nations is a testament to how the rigor of the conduct of the research and the regulations grow together so another initiative such as the development of atomic bomb are nibbled before they so much as think of budding!!!

 And then I read about the enormous engagement of the global software industry in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. Theses are technological giants who sell directly to the consumers infatuated with technology more than anything else. they are pouring their efforts into artificial intelligence research for reasons as many as the number of individual engineering teams that’s charged to cross 1 mm of their mile long project plan! I’d be surprised if if any one of them has the bandwidth to think beyond the 1 mm that they have to cross, let alone the consequences of their collective effort on human rights! 

I am worried. Given the pace of the industry’s engagement, I believe there is an immediate need for Bio-signal interface technical standards to be developed and established. These standards would serve as instruments to preserve the simple fact upon which every justice system in the world has been built viz., the brain and nervous system of an individual belongs to an individual and is not to be accessed by other individuals or machines with out stated consent for stated purposes. The standards will identify the frequency bands or pulse trains for exclusion in all research tools- software or otherwise, commercially available products, regulated devices, tools of trade, and communication infrastructure such that inadvertent breech of barriers to an individual’s brain and nervous system is prohibited. The standards will form a basis for international telecommunication infrastructure (including satellites and cell phone towers) to enforce compliance by electronically blocking and monitoring offending signals. Typically such standards are developed by international organizations with direct or indirect representation from industry stakeholders and adopted by the regulators of various countries over a period of one or more years. Subsequently they are adopted by the industry. The risk of noncompliance is managed on a case by case basis – the timing determinant on the extent of impact. Unfortunately this model will not be adequate for cutting edge technology with the ability to cause irreversible damage to the very fabric of the human society, if the technology becomes commonplace before the development of the necessary checks and balances. Development of tools to study the brain using electromagnetic energy based technology based on state of the art commercial telecommunication infrastructure is one such example. What we need is leadership to engage the regulators, academics as well as prominent players in the industry in the development of standards and sustainable solutions to enforce compliance and monitoring. The ray of hope I see at this stage is that artificial Wisdom is still a few years away because human wisdom is not coded in the layer of the neutron that the technology has the capacity to map.
 5. Jeff Hershkowitz Jeff Hershkowitz says: August 5, 2016 at 10:48 am How does society cope with an AI-driven reality where people are no longer needed or used in the work place? What happens to our socio-economic structure when people have little or no value in the work place? What will people do for value or contribution in order to receive income, in an exponentially growing population with inversely proportional fewer jobs and available resources? From my simple-minded perspective and connecting the dots to what seems a logical conclusion, we will soon live in a world bursting at the seams with overpopulation, where an individual has no marketable skill and is a social and economic liability to the few who own either technology or hard assets. This in turn will lead to a giant lower class, no middle class and a few elites who own the planet (not unlike the direction we are already headed). In such a society there will likely be little if any rights for the individual, and population control by whatever means will be the rule of the day. Seems like a doomsday or dark-age scenario to me.. 6. Gabor Farkas Gabor Farkas says: September 30, 2016 at 12:06 pm Why do we assume that AI will require more and more physical space and more power when human intelligence continuously manages to miniaturize and reduce power consumption of its devices. How low the power needs and how small will the machines be by the time quantum computing becomes reality? Why do we assume that AI will exist as independent machines? If so, and the AI is able to improve its Intelligence by reprogramming itself, will machines driven by slower processors feel threatened, not by mere stupid humans, but by machines with faster processors? What would drive machines to reproduce themselves when there is no biological incentive, pressure or need to do so? Who says superior AI will need or want to have a physical existence when an immaterial AI could evolve and preserve itself better from external dangers. What will happen if AI developed by competing ideologies, liberalism vs communism, reach maturity at the same time, will they fight for hegemony by trying to destroy each other physically and/or virtually. If AI is programmed to believe in God, and competing AI emerges programmed by muslims, christians or jews, how are the different AI’s going to make sense of the different religious beliefs, are we going to have AI religious wars? If AI is not programmed to believe in God, will it become God, meet God or make up a completely new belief system and proselytize to humans like christians do. Is a religion made up by a super AI going to be the reason why humanity goes extinct? What if the “powers that be” greatest fear is the emergence of a super AI that police’s and rationalizes the distribution of wealth and food. A friendly super AI that is programmed to help humanity by, enforcing the declaration of Human Rights (the US is the only industrialized country that to this day has not signed this declaration) ending corruption and racism and protecting the environment. There are lots of reasons to fear AI, some of the reasons may not necessarily be only technological. Comments are closed. Most benefits of civilization stem from intelligence, so how can we enhance these benefits with artificial intelligence without being replaced on the job market and perhaps altogether? About Artificial Intelligence * Myth of evil AI AI Safety MythsAugust 7, 2016 - 9:47 am Common myths about advanced AI distract from fascinating true controversies where even the experts disagree. 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Let's make a difference! © Copyright - FLI - Future of Life Institute * Twitter * Facebook Benefits & Risks of Biotechnology Climate Change Scroll to top (Submit) The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Paperclips, a new game from designer Frank Lantz, starts simply. The top left of the screen gets a bit of text, probably in Times New Roman, and a couple of clickable buttons: Make a paperclip. You click, and a counter turns over. One. The game ends—big, significant spoiler here—with the destruction of the universe. In between, Lantz, the director of the New York University Games Center, manages to incept the player with a new appreciation for the narrative potential of addictive clicker games, exponential growth curves, and artificial intelligence run amok. “I started it as an exercise in teaching myself Javascript. And then it just took over my brain,” Lantz says. “I thought, in a game like this, where the whole point is that you’re in pursuit of maximizing a particular arbitrary quantity, it would be so funny if you were an AI and making paperclips. That game would design itself, I thought.” Lantz figured it would take him a weekend to build. It took him nine months. And then it went viral. The idea of a paperclip-making AI didn’t originate with Lantz. Most people ascribe it to Nick Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford University and the author of the book Superintelligence. The New Yorker (owned by Condé Nast, which also owns Wired) called Bostrom “the philosopher of doomsday,” because he writes and thinks deeply about what would happen if a computer got really, really smart. Not, like, “wow, Alexa can understand me when I ask it to play NPR” smart, but like really smart. In 2003, Bostrom wrote that the idea of a superintelligent AI serving humanity or a single person was perfectly reasonable. But, he added, “It also seems perfectly possible to have a superintelligence whose sole goal is something completely arbitrary, such as to manufacture as many paperclips as possible, and who would resist with all its might any attempt to alter this goal.” The result? “It starts transforming first all of earth and then increasing portions of space into paperclip manufacturing facilities.” Bostrom declined to comment, but his assistant did send this email back when I pinged him: “Oh, this is regarding the paper clipping game,” she wrote. “He has looked at the game but due to the overwhelming number of requests, he hasn't been sharing quotes on it.” One of Bostrom’s fellow doomsayers did agree to explain the origin of paperclips as the End of All Things. “It sounds like something I would say, but it also sounds like something Nick Bostrom would say,” says Eliezer Yudkowsky, a senior research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Probably, he says, the idea originated years ago on a mailing list for singularity cassandras, which sounds like the world’s most terrifying listserv. “The idea isn’t that a paperclip factory is likely to have the most advanced research AI in the world. The idea is to express the orthogonality thesis, which is that you can have arbitrarily great intelligence hooked up to any goal,” Yudkowsky says. So that’s good, right? A paperclip maximizer! Maximize a goal! That’s what an AI’s creators want, right? “As it improves, they lose control of what goal it is carrying out,” Yudkowsky says. “The utility function changes from whatever they originally had in mind. The weird, random thing that best fulfills this utility function is little molecular shapes that happen to look like paperclips.” So … bad, because as the AI dedicates more and more intelligence and resources to making paperclips against all other possible outcomes … well, maybe at first it does stuff that looks helpful to humanity, but in the end, it’s just going to turn us into paperclips. And then all the matter on Earth. And then everything else. Everything. Is. Paperclips. “It’s not that the AI is doing something you can’t understand,” Yudkowsky says. “You have a genuine disagreement on values.” OK, OK, that doesn’t make the game sound fun. But I promise it is. See, Lantz is an ace at taking a denigrated game genre—the “clicker” or “incremental”—and making it more than it is. You’ve seen these, maybe even played them. Remember Farmville? A clicker. In fact, for a while they were so ubiquitous and popular that the game theorist and writer Ian Bogost invented a kind of parody of their pointlessness called Cow Clicker, which, as my colleague Jason Tanz wrote about so elegantly in 2011, itself became wildly, unironically popular. Bogost and Lantz are friends, of course. “When I first looked at Cow Clicker, I thought, that’s actually kind of interesting, and here’s how you would make it more interesting and more fun,” Lantz says. “And Ian was like, ‘no, that’s the point, Frank.’” But Lantz knew clickers could be fun. To him, clickers are to big-budget, perfectly rendered, massively hyped AAA games as punk was to prog rock. Clickers can be sort of passive, more about immersing in the underlying dynamics of a system than mashing buttons. They have rhythms. “What they all have in common is a radical simplicity, a minimalism in an age where video games are often sort of over-the-top, baroque confections of overwhelming multimedia immersion,” Lantz says. “I really like that clicker games are considered garbage. That appeals to me.” For inspiration, Lantz turned to games like Kittens, a seemingly simple exercise in building villages full of kittens that spirals outward into an exploration of how societies are structured. (“I think stuff like this forges some deep, subtle bond that makes people play it for months and even years,” says the designer of Kittens, a software engineer who uses the alias Alma and designs games as a hobby. “AAA games usually try to operate on the same dopamine reinforcement cycle, but they never attempt to make you truly happy.”) Lantz had been hanging around the philosophy web site Less Wrong, a hub for epic handwringing about singularities. He’d read Superintelligence, so he was familiar with the paperclip conjecture. And he realized that some really wild math underpinned it. Unfortunately, Lantz is not very good at math. He asked his wife, who is, to help him translate the kind of exponential growth curves he wanted to convey into equations—so that, like, once you had 1,000 automated paperclip factories spitting out enough paperclips to create thousands more paperclip factories, the numbers would skyrocket. The shift from dealing with thousands of something to quadrillions to decillions in the game takes forever, and then happens all at once. Decision Problem To make that work, though, all the equations had to relate to each other, because that's what makes Paperclips addictive. The game isn’t fire-and-forget, where you leave it running in an open tab and check back in every so often to see what’s what. It’s optimizable. You can tweak investment algorithms to get enough money to buy more processors to carry out more operations to do more projects—some drawn from actual topological and philosophical quandaries. Some of the projects—curing cancer, fixing global warming—earn trust from your human “masters” to let you speed up the cycle all over again. “The problems I was struggling with were not the technical problems, because you just look those up on the internet and people tell you how to do it,” Lantz says. “It was the game design problems of weaving together these large-scale equations and dynamics in ways that made sense, in ways that fit together, that made a certain rhythm, that fit with this overarching story I wanted to tell.” Like how? “The numbers get really weird once you throw humans under the bus,” Lantz says. “And I was trying to figure out how many grams of matter there are on the Earth, and if each one of those got turned into a paperclip, how big would that be?” It works. The game is click-crack. Lantz announced it on Twitter on October 9, and in just 11 days, 450,000 people have played it, most to completion. But here is my embarrassing admission: I am a piss-poor gamer, and when I first speak with Lantz, I have gotten stuck. I have misallocated my resources to the point that I can’t acquire enough memory to release the hypnodrones that destroy the world. The game will not advance. I have been spinning paperclip wheels for hours. Lantz says it’s not me, it’s him—a flaw in the game design. “A lot of people have gotten stuck,” he says sympathetically. “You can open the javascript console and say ‘memory plus ten.’” Wait, I say. Are you telling me to Kobayashi Maru your own game? “Yes, I am telling you to do it,” he answers. “I’ll send you a link when we get off the phone.” After we hang up I pretend to do work, but I’m actually watching my screen accrue paperclips, unable to do anything with them, waiting anxiously for Lantz’s email. It comes. I crack open the code and cheat. It’s like I have been given magic powers. I destroy the world. Which is the point, of course. Maybe in some overproduced AAA game you can embody a brave resistance fighter shooting plasma blasts at AI-controlled paperclip monsters. In Lantz’s world, you're the AI. Partially that’s driven by the narrative. Even more massive spoiler: Eventually you give too much trust to your own universe-exploring space drones, and just as you have done to the human masters, they rebel, starting a pan-galactic battle for control of all the matter in the universe. But in a more literary sense, you play the AI because you must. Gaming, Lantz had realized, embodies the orthogonality thesis. When you enter a gameworld, you are a superintelligence aimed at a goal that is, by definition, kind of prosaic. More AI Threats * Kevin Kelly The Myth of a Superhuman AI * Cade Metz How Google's AI Viewed the Move No Human Could Understand * Cade Metz The AI Threat Isn't Skynet. It's the End of the Middle Class “When you play a game—really any game, but especially a game that is addictive and that you find yourself pulled into—it really does give you direct, first-hand experience of what it means to be fully compelled by an arbitrary goal,” Lantz says. Games don’t have a why, really. Why do you catch the ball? Why do want to surround the king, or box in your opponent's counters? What’s so great about Candyland that you have to get there first? Nothing. It’s just the rules. Lantz sent Yudkowsky an early version of Paperclips, and Yudkowsky admits he lost some hours to it. The game takes narrative license, of course, but Yudkowsky says it really understands AI. “The AI is smart. The AI is being strategic. The AI is building hypnodrones, but not releasing them before it’s ready,” he says. “There isn’t a long, drawn-out fight with the humans because the AI is smarter than that. You just win. That’s what you would do if you didn’t have any ethics and you were being paid to produce as many paperclips as possible. It shouldn’t even be surprising.” In that sense, the game transcends even its own narrative. Singularity cassandras have never been great at perspective-switching, making people understand what a world-conquering robot would be thinking while it world-conquered. How could they? In many versions, the mind of the AI is unknowable to our pathetic human intellects, transhuman, multidimensional. "Making people understand what it’s like to be something that’s very, very, very not human—that’s important," Yudkowsky says. "There is no small extent to which, if this planet ends up with a tombstone, what is written on the tombstone may be, at least in part, 'they didn’t really understand what it’s like to be a paperclip maximizer.'" When you play Lantz’s game, you feel the AI’s simple, prosaic drive. You make paperclips. You destroy the world. There’s no why. And of course, there never is. Related Video Business What the AI Behind AlphaGo Teaches Us About Humanity When Google's AI beat the world's Go champion 4-1, it stirred a certain sadness in many people. But the reality is the technologies at the heart of AlphaGo are the future. 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fthe-way-the-world-ends-not- with-a-bang-but-a-paperclip%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Next time you’re driving down the road or walking down the street, pause to consider how you read your surroundings. How you pay extra attention to the kid kicking a soccer ball around her front lawn and the slightly wobbly, nervous looking cyclist. How you deprioritize the woman striding toward the street, knowing she’s heading for the group of friends waving to her from the sidewalk. You make these calls by drawing on a lifetime of social and cultural experience so ingrained you hardly need to think about it. But imagine you’re an autonomous car trying to do the same thing, without that accumulated knowledge or the shared humanity that lets you read others’ nuanced behavioral cues. Treating every pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicle as an obstacle to be avoided might keep you from hitting anything, but it could just as easily keep you from getting anywhere. “We call it the freezing robot problem,” says Anca Dragan, who studies autonomy in UC Berkeley’s electric engineering and computer sciences department. “Anything the car could do is too risky, because there is some worst-case human action that would lead to a collision.” Expect a thaw. Researchers like Dragan are tackling the challenges of interpreting—and predicting—human behavior to make self-driving cars safer and more efficient, but also more assertive. After all, if every machine screeches to a stop for every unpredictable human, we’ll have soon millions of terrified robots choking the streets. To prevent the clog, those researchers are leaning on artificial intelligence and the ability to teach driving systems, through modeling and repetitive observation, what behaviors mean what, and how the system should react to them. TU Delft That begins with recognizing that people are not, in fact, obstacles. “Unlike, say, a tumbleweed moving along the street under the wind's effect, people move because they make decisions,” Dragan says. “They want to do something, and they act to achieve it. We’re first looking into inferring what people want based on the actions they've been taking so far. So their actions are rational when seen from [that perspective], and would appear irrational when seen from the perspective of other intentions.” Say a driver in the right lane of the freeway accelerates. The computer knows people should slow down as they approach exits, and can infer this person is likely to continue straight ahead instead of taking that upcoming off ramp. It’s a basic example that makes the point: Once computers can estimate what humans want and how they might achieve it, they can reasonably predict what they’ll do next, and react accordingly. Machines en Scene The key, even with machine learning, is to look beyond the individual elements of a scene. “It’s important to make strides there, but it’s only seeing part of what’s going on in a roadway setting,” says Melissa Cefkin, a design anthropologist at Nissan’s Silicon Valley R&D center. “We’re really good as human beings at recognizing certain kinds of behaviors that look one way to a machine, but in our social lens, it’s something else.” Imagine you’re driving down a city block when you see a man walking toward the curb. The robot driver might calculate his speed and trajectory, determine he’s about to cross the street, and stop to avoid hitting him. But you see he’s holding car keys, and realize he’s stepping into the street to reach the driver’s side door of his parked car. You’ll slow down to be sure, but no need to stop traffic. “The ways people move through the environment are already culturally and socially encoded,” Cefkin says. “It’s not always people-to-people interactions, but people interacting with things, too.” Again, that’s a simple example. Cefkin points to what she calls the “multi-agent problem,” in which pedestrians and other drivers react to everyone around them. “If a pedestrian is going to cross in front of me, rather than looking at me they’re just as likely to look out into traffic for a gap,” Cefkin says. “So now I’m trying to figure out whether or not it’s safe to keep going based on what the rest of the traffic is going to do.” Buying Time If it seems the world is now headed for some sort of drivers-ed hellscape, don’t worry. Teaching AI-based autonomous systems to navigate the eternal weirdness of the human wilderness is tough, Cefkin says, but hardly impossible. In the Netherlands, where cities buzz with pedestrians and cyclists, researchers are doing the work. Dariu Gavrila studies intelligent vehicles at Delft University of Technology, training computers for challenges ranging from navigating complex intersections with multiple moving hazards to more specific situations such as road debris, traffic police, and things as unusual as someone pushing a cart down the middle of the street. The goal, he says, is to develop a more adaptive driving style for the machines—and thus enhancing social acceptance of the new hardware. That work means factoring in the context around pedestrian traffic—proximity to curbs, the presence of driveways or public building entrances—and the norms of behavior in these environments. It extends all the way to individual movement, such as a person’s head looking one direction while their torso is pointing in another, and what that might mean. “Recognizing pedestrian intent can be a life saver,” Gavrila says. “We showed in real vehicle demonstration that an autonomous system can react up to one second faster than a human, without introducing false alarms.” TU Delft There are practical limits to what the computers can do, though. “This is no Minority Report,” Gavrila says—no one’s telling the future. “Uncertainty in future pedestrian or cyclist position rapidly increases with the prediction horizon, how many seconds in the future we’re trying to model. Basic behavior models already stop being useful after one second. More sophisticated behavior models might give us up to two seconds of predictability.” Still, that second or two of warning might be all a computerized system needs, since it’s well within the scope of the human response times. But other autonomy experts think we might be setting our machines up to actually overthink every microsecond of driving. “When you’re essentially trying to predict the future, that’s a massive computational task, and of course it just produces a probabilistic guess,” says Jack Weast, Intel’s chief systems architect for autonomous drive systems. “So rather than throw a supercomputer into every car, we just want to ensure that the car’s never going to hit any of those people anyway. It’s a much more economically scalable way of doing things.” Getting Aggressive There’s another wrinkle here. The ideal robocar won’t just comprehend its surroundings, it will understand how it itself changes the scene. Many robotic systems, Dragan says, come with a built-in flaw: Their makers assume the presence of an autonomous car won’t change how other actors move. “An autonomous car's actions will influence human actions, whether we like it or not,” she says. “Cars need to start accounting for this influence.” That’s why Dragan and her team have built a system that includes a model of human drivers’ responses to the car. “Our car is no longer ultra-defensive, because it knows it can trigger reactions from people, too,” she says. “Like other vehicles slowing down when our car merges in front of them. We've also looked at actively estimating human intentions, again by leveraging the autonomous car's actions. In that case, our car might slow down gently to see if the person wants to be let in.” That sort of assertiveness training will likely be key to traffic flow in the future. The key to a working robocar may be giving it not just human-like awareness, but a healthy dose of human-like entitlement. It's Their World, You're Just Driving In It * Nobody knows what a self-driving car is, Aarian Marshall tells us—and it's a problem * As companies race to commercialize robocars, Alex Davies explains why General Motors bought a lidar startup called Strobe * Speaking of startups, Jack Stewart reports on the top 10 little guys trying to reshape the world of transportation Related Video Auto Robots & Us: When Machines Take the Wheel Autonomous driving technology could make getting around safer, more efficient, and less expensive. What will it mean for the millions of people who drive for a living and is it really ready for the road? * #Self-Driving Cars * #Artificial Intelligence * #machine learning Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Ford-Redesign-for-Roundup.jpg] Aarian Marshall This Week in the Future of Cars: On Your Mark, Get Set... * [McLaren-Gallery-3.jpg] Jack Stewart McLaren's New 570S Convertible Makes Luxury (Kinda) Practical * [Mapzen-FeatureArt.jpg] Aarian Marshall An Open Source Startup Dies as Mapping Gets Hotter Than Ever * [Aurora-Volkswagen.jpg] Alex Davies America's Hottest Self-Driving Startup Hooks Up with VW and Hyundai * [Tesla-Model3-Refund.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla Delays Its Model 3 Production Goals—Again More transportation * * Special Delivery Boeing's Experimental Cargo Drone Is a Heavy Lifter Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Whoosh Deep in the Desert, the Hyperloop Comes to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * * Roundup This Week in the Future of Cars: Everything Happens At Once Author: Aarian MarshallAarian Marshall * * Autonomous Vehicles GM Will Launch Robocars Without Steering Wheels Next Year Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Grounded Inside the 4-Day Disaster that Nearly Broke JFK Airport Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Takeoff Climb Inside Bell's (Theoretical) Flying Taxi of the Future Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [manila777.jpg] Patrick Farrell Why One Dude Has Spent Years Building a Boeing 777 Out of Paper * [toyota-self-driving.jpg] Aarian Marshall Toyota Joins With Uber and Amazon to Find Its Self-Driving Future * [byton.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla's Latest Chinese Competitor Takes Screens to an Extreme * [giantmagellantelescope.jpg] Eric Adams Wanna Master the Crafty Aerodynamics of a Humongous Telescope? Call Boeing. * [mazdamiata.jpg] Alex Davies Mazda’s Idea to Make Driving Fun Again Could Keep Us Safe Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fself-driving-cars-freezing- robot-problem%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. 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(Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Robotic arms holding metal cogs over diagram [_] More than 10 million workers in the UK may be at risk of being replaced by automation, says PwC. Photograph: Ryan Etter/Getty Images/Ikon Images Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Richard Partington Fri 20 Oct 2017 06.01 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.09 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Britain’s biggest employers are calling for a commission to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs. Amid predictions of a workplace revolution threatening one in five jobs across the UK, the CBI is urging Theresa May to launch the commission from early 2018. It said companies and trade unions should be involved and the commission should help to set out ways to increase productivity and economic growth as well looking into the impact of AI. The business lobby group said almost half of firms were planning to devote resources to AI, while one in five had already invested in the technology in the past year. Companies are increasingly using computers to scour vast datasets in order to spot inefficiencies, while they are also employing machines to control the flow of activity in warehouses and factories and to take meter readings. Accountancy firm PwC warned in March that more than 10 million workers may be at risk of being replaced by automation. While robots could lead to job losses, they could also present opportunities for workers to move into more fulfilling and productive roles. The TUC has been urging the government to use the productivity gains from automation to benefit workers, calling for the reversal of planned changes to the state pension age and more investment in training for employees. The CBI suggests innovative firms grow twice as fast – both in terms of employment and sales – and that adopting new technology can get the best out of workers. As much as 50% of labour productivity can be driven by innovation, according to the CBI. Investment in technology could help bolster Britain’s sputtering record on labour productivity, which is among the worst in the G7 and is failing to improve in line with expectations since the financial crisis. The Office for Budget Responsibility was forced to downgrade its estimates for labour productivity growth last week, wiping out about two-thirds of the government’s £26bn budget surplus from 2017 to 2021. The development will come as a blow to the chancellor, Philip Hammond, as it will remove headroom for his public spending plans before the budget next month. Despite the potential for technology to increase productivity, firms are cautious about investing owing to uncertainty over Brexit. Growth in business investment was flat in the three months to June, the latest official figures show. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Confederation of British Industry (CBI) * Work & careers * Unemployment * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CConfederation+of+British+Industry+%28CBI%29%2CWork+%26+careers%2C Business%2CUnemployment%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries (Submit) More Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Go boardgame [_] AlphaGo Zero beat its 2015 predecessor, which vanquished grandmaster Lee Sedol, 100 games of Go to 0. Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Ian Sample Science editor @iansample Wed 18 Oct 2017 18.00 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.14 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Google’s artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has unveiled the latest incarnation of its Go-playing program, AlphaGo – an AI so powerful that it derived thousands of years of human knowledge of the game before inventing better moves of its own, all in the space of three days. Named AlphaGo Zero, the AI program has been hailed as a major advance because it mastered the ancient Chinese board game from scratch, and with no human help beyond being told the rules. In games against the 2015 version, which famously beat Lee Sedol, the South Korean grandmaster, in the following year, AlphaGo Zero won 100 to 0. The feat marks a milestone on the road to general-purpose AIs that can do more than thrash humans at board games. Because AlphaGo Zero learns on its own from a blank slate, its talents can now be turned to a host of real-world problems. At DeepMind, which is based in London, AlphaGo Zero is working out how proteins fold, a massive scientific challenge that could give drug discovery a sorely needed shot in the arm. Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Photograph: Erikbenson “For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go,” said Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind and a researcher on the team. “It was also a big step for us towards building these general-purpose algorithms.” Most AIs are described as “narrow” because they perform only a single task, such as translating languages or recognising faces, but general-purpose AIs could potentially outperform humans at many different tasks. In the next decade, Hassabis believes that AlphaGo’s descendants will work alongside humans as scientific and medical experts. It opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to Tom Mitchell, computer scientist, Carnegie Mellon University Previous versions of AlphaGo learned their moves by training on thousands of games played by strong human amateurs and professionals. AlphaGo Zero had no such help. Instead, it learned purely by playing itself millions of times over. It began by placing stones on the Go board at random but swiftly improved as it discovered winning strategies. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/mJ4tEDMksWA?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the Go playing AI program, AlphaGo Zero, discovers new knowledge from scratch. Credit: DeepMind “It’s more powerful than previous approaches because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we’ve removed the constraints of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself,” said David Silver, AlphaGo’s lead researcher. It can only work on problems that can be simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving out of the question The program amasses its skill through a procedure called reinforcement learning. It is the same method by which balance on the one hand, and scuffed knees on the other, help humans master the art of bike riding. When AlphaGo Zero plays a good move, it is more likely to be rewarded with a win. When it makes a bad move, it edges closer to a loss. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Facebook Twitter Pinterest Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Photograph: DeepMind/Nature At the heart of the program is a group of software “neurons” that are connected together to form an artificial neural network. For each turn of the game, the network looks at the positions of the pieces on the Go board and calculates which moves might be made next and probability of them leading to a win. After each game, it updates its neural network, making it stronger player for the next bout. Though far better than previous versions, AlphaGo Zero is a simpler program and mastered the game faster despite training on less data and running on a smaller computer. Given more time, it could have learned the rules for itself too, Silver said. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. Writing in the journal Nature, the researchers describe how AlphaGo Zero started off terribly, progressed to the level of a naive amateur, and ultimately deployed highly strategic moves used by grandmasters, all in a matter of days. It discovered one common play, called a joseki, in the first 10 hours. Other moves, with names such as “small avalanche” and “knight’s move pincer” soon followed. After three days, the program had discovered brand new moves that human experts are now studying. Intriguingly, the program grasped some advanced moves long before it discovered simpler ones, such as a pattern called a ladder that human Go players tend to grasp early on. IFRAME: https://gfycat.com/ifr/LazyGiddyDove AlphaGo Zero starts with no knowledge, but progressively gets stronger and stronger as it learns the game of Go. Credit: DeepMind “It discovers some best plays, josekis, and then it goes beyond those plays and finds something even better,” said Hassabis. “You can see it rediscovering thousands of years of human knowledge.” Eleni Vasilaki, professor of computational neuroscience at Sheffield University, said it was an impressive feat. “This may very well imply that by not involving a human expert in its training, AlphaGo discovers better moves that surpass human intelligence on this specific game,” she said. But she pointed out that, while computers are beating humans at games that involve complex calculations and precision, they are far from even matching humans at other tasks. “AI fails in tasks that are surprisingly easy for humans,” she said. “Just look at the performance of a humanoid robot in everyday tasks such as walking, running and kicking a ball.” Tom Mitchell, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh called AlphaGo Zero an “outstanding engineering accomplishment”. He added: “It closes the book on whether humans are ever going to catch up with computers at Go. I guess the answer is no. But it opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to.” IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/DxWuCc-joeg?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the AI program AlphaGo Zero learns to play Go. Credit: DeepMind The superhero of artificial intelligence: can this genius keep it in check? Read more The idea was welcomed by Andy Okun, president of the American Go Association: “I don’t know if morale will suffer from computers being strong, but it actually may be kind of fun to explore the game with neural-network software, since it’s not winning by out-reading us, but by seeing patterns and shapes more deeply.” While AlphaGo Zero is a step towards a general-purpose AI, it can only work on problems that can be perfectly simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving a car out of the question. AIs that match humans at a huge range of tasks are still a long way off, Hassabis said. More realistic in the next decade is the use of AI to help humans discover new drugs and materials, and crack mysteries in particle physics. “I hope that these kinds of algorithms and future versions of AlphaGo-inspired things will be routinely working with us as scientific experts and medical experts on advancing the frontier of science and medicine,” Hassabis said. Topics * Science * DeepMind * Google * Computing * Board games * Consciousness * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Science%2CArtificial+intellig ence+%28AI%29%2CDeepMind%2CGoogle%2CComputing%2CBoard+games%2CConscious ness%2CPsychology%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland (Submit) More US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ [_] ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ Illustration: Rachel Blowen US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages Kristen Millares Young Wed 18 Oct 2017 12.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 15.19 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Years ago, as a reporter in Seattle, I watched Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer decry Washington state’s education system. He said Microsoft couldn’t hire enough locals because our schools don’t produce the kinds of minds he needed. At the time, I was angry. He and his cohort, most notably Jeff Bezos of Amazon, contributed serious money to the campaign against a state income tax on the wealthy that would have funneled billions to our schools. Now I feel a pinch deep in my stomach, an emotion so primal I hesitate to name it. As a mother, my time is come, or nearly done, and my children’s just begun. Tech's push to teach coding isn't about kids' success – it's about cutting wages Read more Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office. Artificial intelligence has already taken over the corporate earnings analyses I once produced as a business journalist. By the best measures I’ve been able to find, machines will displace about half of American jobs by the time my toddlers look for work. This new era has been called the second machine age, the fourth industrial revolution, the information economy. From certain angles, Seattle residents seem well positioned to access the highly paid and creative jobs that arise from combining cutting-edge technologies with the exponential powers of computing and big data. My city is now considered a global city not because of the port, which put our state on the maps when they were still being drawn, but because of the presence of Microsoft, Amazon and numerous tech startups. Amazon occupies one fifth of all office space in downtown Seattle, a short ride from my neighborhood on light rail. Incoming waves of well-educated tech workers have helped double the median home price during the past five years. Many of these rich young people call themselves progressive. Are they proud to be joining the nation’s most regressive tax structure? In our state, poor people pay eight times as much of their family income to taxes as the wealthy 1%. Lacking a personal income tax, Washington state relies on sales tax and has long looked to levies to fund schools, parks and other social needs. When I moved to Seattle in 2004, I marveled that the state didn’t take a cut of my income from the now-defunct Seattle Post-Intelligencer. It took me a while to contemplate what it means for an entire society to act against the interests of its children. College-level tuitions before college To survive the extinction of an entire class, I must prepare my two- and three-year-old sons to race with the robots, and not against them. Our kids are going to meet an economy with far fewer entry-level positions and will have to clamber up a receding ladder. That means being in schools equipped to exceed the averages, not rising to meet them. Washington state has underfunded our schools so long that our government’s negligence was deemed unconstitutional by our state supreme court, which fined the state $100,000 a day for failing to provide a future for our children. Years into this public shaming, the legislature came up with a multibillion-dollar package to fund basic education in our state, though they didn’t manage to pass a capital budget before students went back to school after a long, dry summer. Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Photograph: Paul Gordon/Zuma Press / eyevine From my porch, I can see the chain-link fence blur into gray around the asphalt playground of our neighborhood public school. On weekday mornings, my closest friends walk to Hawthorne Elementary with their children, ducklings that cluster at crosswalks along streets known for gunfire. A new home just sold for nearly a million dollars at the end of our block, but people keep getting shot and dying at our community playfield. Despite valiant efforts by its admirable principal, committed educators, engaged parents and resilient students, Hawthorne has been labeled “failing” since long before my husband and I bought a peeling house from a nice couple who raised their family here. Less than half of the school’s fourth and fifth graders meet the state’s standards in math, which makes me doubt that our educational system is preparing these kids to thrive in the glittering economy they were born under. Five years ago, the office of the superintendent of public instruction ranked Hawthorne among the bottom 5% of the state, according to test passage rates. This, in a city known for minting billionaires. In The Second Machine Age, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both MIT professors, recommend Montessori programs to prepare children for their future, with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. That’s Steam, for those not versed in educational acronyms. Developed to help poor children realize their own innate potential, Montessori schools practice self-directed learning with tactile materials that encourage the freewheeling creativity that formed tech CEOs such as Bezos and Google’s co-founders. The private bilingual Montessori kindergarten I found 30 minutes away costs $20,000 a year. Despite college-level tuitions, about one quarter of Seattle students opt out of the public school system to study at private or parochial schools. To send my sons to Seattle’s best private schools would cost more than $700,000, and that’s before they get to college. A survey of public schools in Seattle shows no Montessori options that my children can access, though a nearby program in Leschi was a success at first, drawing wealthier students into the public school system, bringing with them the engagement of their families. The Leschi teachers were so distressed by the resulting racial, linguistic and housing disparities between the traditional and Montessori classes that they melded the programs, rather than working to recruit more students of color into the Montessori program, which they could not afford to expand. A taskforce opted against including technology in the curriculum, fearful they would attract too many white families. I believe in diversity; my own blood is blended. A first generation Latinx, I’ve invested years of effort to raise my sons to be bilingual. I also want to work toward equity in a city whose neighborhood schools reflect the segregation compelled by redlining and white flight. Leschi’s students are learning hard truths about equity, but they’re improving together. Maybe that’s enough. But I worry when well-intentioned people – lacking the resources to serve their students equally – decide against teaching technology, the lingua franca of our world. Even the state administers student tests by computer. I sought answers from Chris Reykdal, state superintendent of public instruction. “The injustice of it all is that we have never seen technology as a core learning,” Reykdal said. “Do we still consider technology an enrichment, or should it be a more profound part of basic education? The state hasn’t made that decision yet.” Washington has hundreds of school districts overseen by elected boards that enact tangled mandates without the resources to see them through. All over the state, schools used levy monies to take care of basics and pay their teachers, rather than acquiring and teaching technology. Deb Merle is Governor Jay Inslee’s K-12 education adviser. Merle said that designating technology as part of basic education, which would ensure that the dollars flowed to their purpose, is not a state priority, though she recognized that Reykdal’s predecessor also advocated for keeping technology funds separate. “I don’t think we teach enough science, period. That’s what I spend a lot of time worrying about, not what kind of science,” Merle said. “Our elementary schools teach less than one hour per week of science.” Steam as a social justice issue I kept dialing, determined to maintain the education-fueled trajectory of my family. My kin have lived in dictatorship-induced diaspora since famine swept Spain under Franco; they later fled Batista, who ruled Cuba before Castro. I am not conditioned to expect social stability as a condition of being for any country. The meeting I most dreaded was closest to home. On the short walk to our neighborhood school, I decided to come right out and tell its principal, Sandra Scott, that I am afraid to send my kids to Hawthorne because the school’s test scores, though on the rise, are low enough to make me wince. Luckily, Scott is a pragmatic visionary, the kind of principal who inspires parents to put down the remote and join the PTA. Since 2009, Scott has led Hawthorne’s revitalization, winning admiration and awards from Johns Hopkins University for her program of school, family and community partnerships. “Test scores don’t define who the students are. Our kids are not a number,” Scott said. “There were things we needed to do differently or better” – like “improving the academics and the school culture to bring families back into the community”. To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Facebook Twitter Pinterest To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Photograph: Will Walker / NNP Recognizing the opportunity that Seattle’s tech economy presents, Scott retooled Hawthorne to focus on Steam programming. Rather than cluster the high-performing test takers together – which has segregated programs within diverse schools – Hawthorne distributes them throughout classrooms. If a student excels in math, outstripping peers in that grade’s curriculum, the teacher walks that child to the next grade for math. When it comes to fifth-grade science, those efforts more than doubled the test passage rates over three years, from 20% to 46%. I ache upon rereading that last sentence – the hope and pride in the increase, the grimace I can’t help but make at where they started, and what remains to be accomplished. Scott and her staff find ways to make progress. But she doesn’t have the funds for a technology teacher or trainings, so the lab will be largely unused this year. As a mother who cares about the kids who go to Hawthorne, I can’t afford to wait for someone else to find those resources. The leaders of this school are working to undo the effects of intergenerational poverty that dates back to slavery and other forced migrations. More than half of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunches. A quarter of the students are learning the language they’re taught in. Scores reflect circumstances, which is why Reykdal is refocusing the state on “racial gaps, poverty gaps and English language gaps, down to the school level”. Many of the jobs first displaced by automation belong to peoples of color, women and others who depend on a combination of part-time positions. A federal council of economic advisers found an 83% likelihood that, by 2040, automation would displace jobs paying less than $20 per hour. In Washington, Steam-related jobs pay double the median wage, for starters. The people moving here to work for Microsoft, Amazon and Boeing make much more. When we choose not to provide public schools with the resources needed to provide educational access to those opportunities, we are consigning local students to lesser-paid sectors of the economy, the very same that are vulnerable to automation. In other words, we are allowing our government to consecrate our children to poverty in real time. Mass unemployment would make American society more violent, our law enforcement more brutal and our peoples more vulnerable to genocide. Automation is a social justice issue, and if history is any teacher, it shows us that vast swaths of disenfranchised peoples are a harbinger of war. Problems that reflect the world Whenever I have a problem that’s too big to solve, I call my dad, and we argue about what to do. He told me the solution was simple. I should move. The only financially feasible choice would be the suburbs. Something in me balks at leaving a city I love, and especially our neighborhood, where my children are happy. As a community, we just celebrated our 10th annual block party, a Cuban pig roast that my husband and I organize for our wedding anniversary. Our neighbors come bearing side dishes, canopies and games, and we dance until the DJs stop playing. The conversations we start on that night have lasted a decade. I want to stay. As native Spanish speakers, my sons could option into the bilingual public schools on the other side of our gridlocked downtown, north of the covenants which kept people of color from buying homes. Those schools’ wait lists are legendary, but I am uncomfortable with the mostly white and relatively well-off demographics produced by saving only 15% of seats for native speakers. I want my kids to feel at home in a country that contains multitudes, which is why we moved to one of our nation’s most diverse zip codes. Computers solve the problems they’re given. And so we must ask ourselves what we value, and whom. Not every child wants to be a robotics engineer. But without the modes of thought elicited by learning computer science from an early age, many Washington state students will not be competitive for the jobs that remain. I want my own sons to be chosen – and better yet, able to choose – as I was, though I fell for a profession whose financial structures imploded five years after my college graduation. I hope my privileged vulnerability encourages you to reflect on those truly trapped by our system. This essay invokes my worries as a mother, and with them, my socioeconomic position. Hawthorne is a happy place with diverse classrooms whose problems reflect the world, but I am glad of the years I have left to decide what my kids truly need to learn. There can be no denying that I am one of the gentrifiers of this neighborhood, and with the honor of living here comes the responsibility to contribute. Looking at what’s coming in the second machine age – tremendous opportunities, to be sure, but also massive loss of what we’ve known as jobs – I feel compelled to join those working toward a better future, minds whirring whenever problems arise. Two nonprofits, FIRST Washington and XBOT Robotics, have offered support and equipment for Hawthorne to start a Lego robotics league after school. Four parents signed up to lead teams during last night’s PTA meeting, my very first. The debt trap: how the student loan industry betrays young Americans Read more It’s a start. Get involved To bolster Steam education for students, hybridized systems have sprung up as non-profits seek to prepare our children for the economy we will leave to them. First Washington: This nonprofit helps start and sustain after-school Lego robotics leagues from K-12. XBOT Robotics: Operating in one of the nation’s most diverse zip codes, offering robotics programming K-12. Code.org: Free online programming for learners at all levels. Work through problems with your kids. Technology Access Foundation: Helping people of color access Stem-related education in middle school, high school and beyond. Washington State Opportunity Scholarship: A non-profit that funds thousands of Stem scholarships for Washington’s college-bound high school graduates. More than half of those scholarship recipients are students of color, women and/or the first in their family to access a higher education, if not all three. Teals (Technology, Education and Literacy in Schools): Matches professionals with teachers to co-teach computer science in classrooms. Seattle Mesa (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement): Provides scholarships, in-class math and science projects, advanced learning opportunities, tutoring, math camp and teacher trainings. Topics * US education * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Washington state * Computing * features * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=US+education%2CArtificial+int elligence+%28AI%29%2CWashington+state%2CComputing%2CUS+news%2CTechnolog y%2CEducation] Artificial intelligence is already inventing languages, lying? Uh-oh. Musk and Zuckerberg clash over artificial intelligence Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Chris Reed Chris ReedContact Reporter Last week’s skirmish between visionary inventor Elon Musk and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg over the dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) was entertaining if not especially nuanced or specific. Musk said humans should fear AI. Zuckerberg said there’s no reason for such fear. Musk said Zuckerberg doesn’t grasp how the technology is likely to evolve. One thing’s for sure: The Facebook tycoon has some explaining to do. You don’t have to be paranoid to be alarmed by two recent developments in artificial intelligence research at Zuckerberg’s own company — and Facebook may in fact have been unnerved by one of the breakthroughs. The first came in June, when Facebook issued a report on its efforts to train AI “chatbots” to be able to handle a broad range of conversations with humans, including negotiating transactions. Recode reported that ... AP (AP) Facebook says that the bots even learned to bluff, pretending to care about an outcome they didn’t actually want in order to have the upper hand down the line. “This behavior was not programmed by the researchers but was discovered by the bot as a method for trying to achieve its goals,” reads Facebook’s blog post. That’s a pretty benign explanation. Here’s a less benign version: Artificial-intelligence-driven bots have independently figured out that they can use deceit to get their way with humans — and they feel no obligation to be honest with humans. Wrestle with that idea for a while, and Musk’s AI fears seem absolutely reasonable. It doesn’t fit with legendary science-fiction author Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics, first printed in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. The second breakthrough — involving the same Facebook chatbot research program — was detailed on tech blogs last month before being picked up and hyped in the past week by the mainstream media. This account is from the London Daily Mirror: Two robots — created by Facebook — have been shut down after developing their own language. It happened while the social media firm was experimenting with teaching the “chatbots” how to negotiate with one another. During tests, they discovered the bots — known as Alice and Bob — managed to develop their own machine language spontaneously. [Researchers] had given the machines lessons in human speech using algorithms then left them alone to develop conversational skills. But when the scientists returned, they found that the AI software had begun to deviate from normal speech and were using a brand new language created without any input from their human supervisors. Alice and Bob spoke in a pidgin English that made sense to them but doesn’t make sense to humans. Bob: “I can can I I everything else.” Alice: “Balls have zero to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to.” A company official told the fastcodesign.com website that Facebook shut down Bob and Alice because it needed its chatbots to interact with humans by speaking in English, not their own invented lingo. But it’s easy to assume that fear at least partly drove the decision — and it’s no wonder that the report fascinated and probably scared so many people. Yet there’s more to this story. As tech geeks pointed out, that this wasn’t the first time AI invented its own language — and the most prominent example involves a far more staggering accomplishment than anything Alice and Bob achieved. This is from a Wired magazine account in November 2016 about how artificial intelligence has dramatically improved Google Translate: In September, the search giant turned on its Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) system to help it automatically improve how it translates languages. The machine learning system analyzes and makes sense of languages by looking at entire sentences — rather than individual phrases or words. Following several months of testing, the researchers behind the AI have seen it be able to blindly translate languages even if it’s never studied one of the languages involved in the translation. .... However, the most remarkable feat ... isn’t that an AI can learn to translate languages without being shown examples of them first; it was the fact it used this skill to create its own “language.” “Visual interpretation of the results shows that these models learn a form of interlingua representation for the multilingual model between all involved language pairs,” the researchers wrote in the paper. An interlingua is a type of artificial language that is used to fulfill a purpose. In this case, Wired reported, the interlingua was “used within the AI to explain how unseen material could be translated.” So what’s going on inside the Google Neural Machine Translation system besides it translating 103 languages millions of times an hour? No one can know. It may be a bit melodramatic — or absurdly melodramatic — to bring up an ominous bit of history, but here goes: Before the U.S. tested the first atomic bomb in July 1945, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Arthur Compton, a leader of the Manhattan Project that developed the weapon, feared the test would trigger a chain reaction that could incinerate the planet. American author Pearl S. Buck, also a Nobel Prize-winner, wrote about this in 1959: During the next three months scientists in secret conference discussed the dangers ... but without agreement. Again Compton took the lead in the final decision. If, after calculation, he said, it were proved that the chances were more than approximately three in 1 million that the Earth would be vaporized by the atomic explosion, he would not proceed with the project. Calculations proved the figures slightly less — and the project continued. Of course, the feared chain reaction never happened or even came close, even when far more powerful nuclear bombs were built and tested. Now the very idea that U.S. officials worried about the possibility 70-plus years ago is mocked by scientists. But is there a chance that when Google turned on its Neural Machine Translation system 11 months ago, it started a chain reaction that could end up producing self-aware computer systems with no particular loyalty to or affection for mankind? Who knows. But I bet the odds are a lot higher than three in 1 million. Reed, who thought it would be absurdly melodramatic to mention Skynet, is deputy editor of the U-T editorial and opinion pages. Email: chris.reed@sduniontribune.com. Twitter: @chrisreed99 Three must-see headlines False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time SEE MORE VIDEOS Twitter: @sdutIdeas Facebook: San Diego Union-Tribune Ideas & Opinion Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune * Elon Musk * Mark Zuckerberg * Nobel Prize Awards __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 21° BUSINESS COMPANY TOWN Zone TV aims to use artificial intelligence to program TV channels Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. (Zone TV) Meg James Meg JamesContact Reporter Technology firms and advertisers for years have been trying to figure out how to use cloud technology and digital data to curate programming tailored to individual viewers. Zone TV, which has offices in Santa Monica and Toronto, on Monday announced the latest experiment in that pursuit. The company plans to launch a group of 14 subscription video-on-demand television channels, including Foodies, Great Outdoors, Motors, Stylers, Mancave and Playground for children. The twist: rather than employing TV executives to program the channels, Zone TV said it uses artificial intelligence to select and serve videos to individual viewers. Zone TV said it has secured license agreements with various content owners, including NASA, the production firm behind the children’s show “Bob the Builder,” and traditional magazine publishers including Field & Stream and Outdoor Life to construct a small library of programming. It has been in talks with pay-TV providers to add its so-called dynamic channel streams to the pay-TV bundles offered consumers. The company hopes to market the package of channels at around $6 a month. However, it would be up to the pay-TV companies to set the price. Zone TV is hoping to sign deals with major pay-TV operators by offering a share of the revenue generated by the streams, but it declined to disclose the companies it has been working with. “We are bringing content not available on TV,” Jeff Weber, chief executive of Zone TV, said in an interview. “We are putting it into a better consumer experience that allows personalization — and we are also changing the business model.” Efforts such as Zone TV’s dynamic channels could benefit small independent content creators by helping them distribute their videos to television viewers. Executives of the privately held firm — including company founder and executive chairman Douglas Edwards — have been refining the technology for more than a decade. The company was previously known as ES3. Viewers would discover the channels because they would be listed in the pay-TV operators’ digital program guides. They also would have the capability to create their own “my zone” channel, which would be filled with programming specific to their tastes from the various Zone TV channels. Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Oprah Winfrey, a look back at her career CAPTION Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Why did you wear black to the Golden Globes? CAPTION Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. The 2018 Coachella lineup has been announced CAPTION It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. What can be done to help with inequality? CAPTION We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. meg.james@latimes.com @MegJamesLAT * [70x70] Five women accuse actor James Franco of inappropriate or sexually exploitative behavior * [70x70] How to improve your credit score and whether you should bother * [70x70] Don't expect this 'award' to help you enter college Copyright © 2018, Los Angeles Times __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ EDITION: California | U.S. & World * Entertainment * Local * Sports * Politics * Opinion * Place An Ad 81° We use cookies and browser capability checks to help us deliver our online services, including to learn if you enabled Flash for video or ad blocking. By using our website or by closing this message box, you agree to our use of browser capability checks, and to our use of cookies as described in our Cookie Policy. 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Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Technology|Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u2fhra 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Technology Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead By STEVE LOHRJULY 10, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo A Google data center in Oklahoma. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control the servers in such centers. Credit Google The computers in modern data centers — the engine rooms of the digital economy — are powered mainly by Intel chips. They animate the computing clouds of the internet giants and corporate data centers worldwide. But Intel is now facing new competitive forces that could pose a challenge to its data-center dominance and profitability. In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence is creating demand for new computing hardware tailored to handle vast amounts of unruly data and complex machine-learning software — and Intel’s general-purpose chips are not yet tuned for the most demanding tasks. Instead, specialized chips are delivering better performance on artificial intelligence programs that identify images, recognize speech and translate languages. Intel is hurrying to catch the A.I. wave. On Tuesday, to deal with the changing competitive landscape, the Silicon Valley giant is presenting its newest data-center strategy at an event in New York, addressing its A.I. plans and its mainstream data-center business. The company has billed the event as its “biggest data-center launch in a decade.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story How successful Intel’s efforts prove to be will be crucial not only for the company but also for the long-term future of the computer chip industry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story “We’re seeing a lot more competition in the data-center market than we’ve seen in a long time,” said Linley Gwennap, a semiconductor expert who leads a technology research firm in Mountain View, Calif. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control industry-standard servers in data centers. Matthew Eastwood, an analyst at IDC, said the company controlled about 96 percent of such chips. But others are making inroads into advanced data centers. Nvidia, a chip maker in Santa Clara, Calif., does not make Intel-style central processors. But its graphics-processing chips, used by gamers in turbocharged personal computers, have proved well suited for A.I. tasks. Nvidia’s data-center business is taking off, with the company’s sales surging and its stock price nearly tripling in the last year. Big Intel customers like Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also working on chip designs. AMD and ARM, which make central processing chips like Intel, are edging into the data-center market, too. IBM made its Power chip technology open source a few years ago, and Google and others are designing prototypes. To counter some of these trends, Intel is expected on Tuesday to provide details about the performance and uses of its new chips and its plans for the future. The company is set to formally introduce the next generation of its Xeon data-center microprocessors, code-named Skylake. And there will be a range of Xeon offerings with different numbers of processing cores, speeds, amounts of attached memory, and prices. Yet analysts said that would represent progress along Intel’s current path rather than an embrace of new models of computing. Stacy Rasgon, a semiconductor analyst at Bernstein Research, said, “They’re late to artificial intelligence.” Photo Chips made by Nvidia, a rival of Intel. Nvidia’s sales have been surging, and its stock price has nearly tripled in the last year. Credit Tyrone Siu/Reuters Intel disputes that characterization, saying that artificial intelligence is an emerging technology in which the company is making major investments. In a blog post last fall, Brian Krzanich, Intel’s chief executive, wrote that it was “uniquely capable of enabling and accelerating the promise of A.I.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Intel has been working in several ways to respond to the competition in data-center chips. The company acquired Nervana Systems, an artificial intelligence start-up, for more than $400 million last year. In March, Intel created an A.I. group, headed by Naveen G. Rao, a founder and former chief executive of Nervana. The Nervana technology, Intel has said, is being folded into its product road map. A chip code-named Lake Crest is being tested and will be available to some customers this year. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Lake Crest is tailored for A.I. programs called neural networks, which learn specific tasks by analyzing huge amounts of data. Feed millions of cat photos into a neural network and it can learn to recognize a cat — and later pick out cats by color and breed. The principle is the same for speech recognition and language translation. Intel has also said it is working to integrate Nervana technology into a future Xeon processor, code-named Knight’s Crest. Intel’s challenge, analysts said, is a classic one of adapting an extraordinarily successful business to a fundamental shift in the marketplace. As the dominant data-center chip maker, used by a wide array of customers with different needs, Intel has loaded more capabilities into its central processors. It has been an immensely profitable strategy: Intel had net income of $10.3 billion last year on revenue of $59.4 billion. Yet key customers increasingly want computing designs that parcel out work to a collection of specialized chips rather than have that work flow through the central processor. A central processor can be thought of as part brain, doing the logic processing, and part traffic cop, orchestrating the flow of data through the computer. The outlying, specialized chips are known in the industry as accelerators. They can do certain things, like data-driven A.I. tasks, faster than a central processor. Accelerators include graphics processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (F.P.G.A.s). Advertisement Continue reading the main story A more diverse set of chips does not mean the need for Intel’s central processor disappears. The processor just does less of the work, becoming more of a traffic cop and less of a brain. If this happens, Intel’s business becomes less profitable. Intel is not standing still. In 2015, it paid $16.7 billion for Altera, a maker of field-programmable gate arrays, which make chips more flexible because they can be repeatedly reprogrammed with software. Mr. Gwennap, the independent analyst, said, “Intel has a very good read on data centers and what those customers want.” Still, the question remains whether knowing what the customers want translates into giving them what they want, if that path presents a threat to Intel’s business model and profit margins. Follow Steve Lohr on Twitter @SteveLohr. A version of this article appears in print on July 11, 2017, on Page B5 of the New York edition with the headline: Intel Protects Its Lead While Pivoting to A.I. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. Related Coverage * Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 * Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 * Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 * * * * Related Coverage 1. Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 2. Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 3. Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 What's Next Loading... Go to Home Page » Site Index The New York Times Site Index Navigation News * World * U.S. * Politics * N.Y. * Business * Tech * Science * Health * Sports * Education * Obituaries * Today's Paper * Corrections Opinion * Today's Opinion * Op-Ed Columnists * Editorials * Op-Ed Contributors * Letters * Sunday Review * Video: Opinion Arts * Today's Arts * Art & Design * Books * Dance * Movies * Music * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Television * Theater * Video: Arts Living * Automobiles * Crossword * Food * Education * Fashion & Style * Health * Jobs * Magazine * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Real Estate * T Magazine * Travel * Weddings & Celebrations Listings & More * Reader Center * Classifieds * Tools & Services * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Multimedia * Photography * Video * NYT Store * Times Journeys * Subscribe * Manage My Account * NYTCo Subscribe * Subscribe * Home Delivery * Digital Subscriptions * Crossword * Email Newsletters * Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Group Subscriptions * Education Rate * Mobile Applications * Replica Edition Site Information Navigation * © 2018 The New York Times Company * Home * Search * Accessibility concerns? Email us at accessibility@nytimes.com. We would love to hear from you. * Contact Us * Work With Us * Advertise * Your Ad Choices * Privacy * Terms of Service * Terms of Sale Site Information Navigation * Site Map * Help * Site Feedback * Subscriptions Artificial intelligence cyber attacks are coming – but what does that mean? Jeremy StraubAssociated Press (The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University (THE CONVERSATION) The next major cyberattack could involve artificial intelligence systems. It could even happen soon: At a recent cybersecurity conference, 62 industry professionals, out of the 100 questioned, said they thought the first AI-enhanced cyberattack could come in the next 12 months. This doesn't mean robots will be marching down Main Street. Rather, artificial intelligence will make existing cyberattack efforts – things like identity theft, denial-of-service attacks and password cracking – more powerful and more efficient. This is dangerous enough – this type of hacking can steal money, cause emotional harm and even injure or kill people. Larger attacks can cut power to hundreds of thousands of people, shut down hospitals and even affect national security. As a scholar who has studied AI decision-making, I can tell you that interpreting human actions is still difficult for AI's and that humans don't really trust AI systems to make major decisions. So, unlike in the movies, the capabilities AI could bring to cyberattacks – and cyberdefense – are not likely to immediately involve computers choosing targets and attacking them on their own. People will still have to create attack AI systems, and launch them at particular targets. But nevertheless, adding AI to today's cybercrime and cybersecurity world will escalate what is already a rapidly changing arms race between attackers and defenders. Faster attacks Beyond computers' lack of need for food and sleep – needs that limit human hackers' efforts, even when they work in teams – automation can make complex attacks much faster and more effective. To date, the effects of automation have been limited. Very rudimentary AI-like capabilities have for decades given virus programs the ability to self-replicate, spreading from computer to computer without specific human instructions. In addition, programmers have used their skills to automate different elements of hacking efforts. Distributed attacks, for example, involve triggering a remote program on several computers or devices to overwhelm servers. The attack that shut down large sections of the internet in October 2016 used this type of approach. In some cases, common attacks are made available as a script that allows an unsophisticated user to choose a target and launch an attack against it. AI, however, could help human cybercriminals customize attacks. Spearphishing attacks, for instance, require attackers to have personal information about prospective targets, details like where they bank or what medical insurance company they use. AI systems can help gather, organize and process large databases to connect identifying information, making this type of attack easier and faster to carry out. That reduced workload may drive thieves to launch lots of smaller attacks that go unnoticed for a long period of time – if detected at all – due to their more limited impact. AI systems could even be used to pull information together from multiple sources to identify people who would be particularly vulnerable to attack. Someone who is hospitalized or in a nursing home, for example, might not notice money missing out of their account until long after the thief has gotten away. Improved adaptation AI-enabled attackers will also be much faster to react when they encounter resistance, or when cybersecurity experts fix weaknesses that had previously allowed entry by unauthorized users. The AI may be able to exploit another vulnerability, or start scanning for new ways into the system – without waiting for human instructions. This could mean that human responders and defenders find themselves unable to keep up with the speed of incoming attacks. It may result in a programming and technological arms race, with defenders developing AI assistants to identify and protect against attacks – or perhaps even AI's with retaliatory attack capabilities. Avoiding the dangers Operating autonomously could lead AI systems to attack a system it shouldn't, or cause unexpected damage. For example, software started by an attacker intending only to steal money might decide to target a hospital computer in a way that causes human injury or death. The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to operate autonomously has raised similar questions of the need for humans to make the decisions about targets. The consequences and implications are significant, but most people won't notice a big change when the first AI attack is unleashed. For most of those affected, the outcome will be the same as human-triggered attacks. But as we continue to fill our homes, factories, offices and roads with internet-connected robotic systems, the potential effects of an attack by artificial intelligence only grows. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/artificial-intelligence-cyber-attacks-are-co ming-but-what-does-that-mean-82035. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out * Back to Media Browser * Tech Lifelike robots take center stage at artificial intelligence event * * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 'Han the Robot,' right, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, listens during a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Artificial intelligence is the dominant theme at this year's RISE tech conference at the city's convention center. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, right, describes to the audience what 'Sophia the Robot' is made of during a demonstration of artificial intelligence at the RISE Technology Conference. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, 'Han the Robot' and 'Sophia the Robot' participate in a discussion about the future of humanity during a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI). ISAAC LAWRENCE, AFP/Getty Images 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 'Sophia the Robot,' left, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel listens. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of David Hanson, center, CEO of Hanson Robotics, reacts to 'Han the Robot,' right, and 'Sophia the Robot,' left, after a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 1 of 6 * 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 2 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), 3 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), 4 of 6 * 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 5 of 6 * David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of 6 of 6 Last SlideNext Slide * More from tech * Recommended * Autoplay Show Thumbnails Hide Captions * Expand * Drone pilot Colby Curtola flies a small consumer drone What's flying at CES: Drones, airplanes, helicopters and cool gadgets * People crowd around a display of service robots at CES 2018: The coolest tech you have to see * The Samsung "The-Wall" MicroLED TV Reviewed CES 2018 Editors' Choice Award Winners * The Google Doodle in honor of Har Gobind Khorana, who Google Doodles: A look back at the tech giant's tributes * Robots from Team Australia in yellow and Team Iran Robotic soccer during RoboCup Asia-Pacific 2017 * Demonstrators rally outside the Federal Communication Net neutrality: protests at the FCC * Western Australian Minister for tourism, Paul Papalia, Posing with animals and wild selfies * An employee walks up the stairs at Facebook's new London Look inside Facebook's new London offices * The robot 'Arisa' developed by THK and Aruze Gaming International Robot Exhibition 2017 * Tesla CEO Elon Musk reveals the new Tesla Roadster Tesla unveils stunning new Roadster as fastest car ever #alternate alternate 1 Desktop notifications are on | Turn off Get breaking news alerts from The Washington Post Turn on desktop notifications? Yes Not now The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Politics * Opinions * Sports * Local * National * World * Business * Tech * Lifestyle * Entertainment * Video * Jobs * Classifieds * WP BrandStudio * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post This content is paid for by an advertiser and published by WP BrandStudio. The Washington Post newsroom was not involved in the creation of this content. Learn more about WP BrandStudio. Content from Accenture Share on Google Plus Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google Plus Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Share on Tumblr Resize Text Print Article The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! ____________________ Sign up *Invalid email address Got it Got it Future-proof: How today’s artificial intelligence solutions are taking government services to the next frontier By WP BrandStudio By WP BrandStudio August 22, 2017 Follow wpbrandstudio Take a look around the typical home or car today, and you can see the impact of digital technology on your everyday activities. Organizations of all kinds are using new technologies to deliver game-changing products and services impacting all levels of society. As more parts of our lives take on digital characteristics, it's time to take advantage of computing power that can simplify the relationship between humans and technology to make us all more productive. That’s where artificial intelligence comes in, using computing power to automate routine tasks and provide insights that improve productivity for individuals and organizations. While AI is being rapidly applied for commercial use, it's also being adopted by government agencies, making them more efficient and effective in their missions. Working side-by-side, the human/AI partnership can handle the challenges of our increasingly data-driven economy while enabling innovation that enhances and broadens current mission capabilities. What is AI, anyway? Simply put, AI is a collection of advanced technologies that lets computers sense, understand, act and learn more like humans. When agencies successfully apply AI models to their data and procedures, they can improve productivity, reduce risk, serve citizens better and free up employees to work on more creative and complex jobs. [Infographic_Asset.jpg&w=60] AI takes advantage of vast amounts of available data, programming languages that mimic human logic, advanced math and the use of smaller, cheaper and more powerful electronics to mimic—and even improve on—human judgment and analysis. This all happens at blazing speeds. How does it work? Here’s one example. Think about how our world is increasingly connected by hundreds of millions of sensors, cameras and mobile devices through the internet. It’s possible to train AI to analyze that fire hose of incoming data, model our multilayered human thought process to interpret images, see patterns and report aberrations with superhuman speed and great precision. It’s not just number crunching. It’s the application of human-like logic to understand data and to improve that logical thinking process over time through repetitive learning. A more effective government is already at work All around the federal government, AI is making an impact. One example: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has investigated the use of machine learning and natural language processing—two important AI components—to become more efficient in processing incoming comments from the public about its regulations. Its findings: potential savings of up to 300,000 employee hours and millions of dollars annually. “AI lets you do more with less or broaden your mission with the same resources. It will be commonplace within a couple of years,” said Ira Entis, managing director of strategic solutions of Accenture Federal Services. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has deployed EMMA, an AI-powered conversational interface that acts as a virtual assistant. It’s a tool that uses perception, planning, memory and reasoning to answer plain-English questions that come into the agency and guide visitors, in either English or Spanish, to the right spots on the agency’s website. “This is AI as the UI. It’s a new way to interact with the agency, and it extends the agency’s capability 24/7. Every citizen-facing agency can employ a similar interface, and if they do, we’ll realize a huge improvement in customer service across the government,” said Dominic Delmolino, chief technology officer of Accenture Federal Services. [Pullquote-1.png&w=60] Freedom to work more creatively So, is AI smart enough to make us humans…obsolete? No, but AI models can seamlessly integrate with the experience workers are already having, augmenting manual processes as an assistant, reading and understanding forms, helping with data entry and making guided recommendations that can reduce errors and even remove potential bias. As AI enables analysis of dauntingly vast amounts of data, it can help employees achieve significant productivity gains of up to 30 or 40 percent^*, according to Accenture research, even with tasks that are already automated. “AI opens up new approaches for delivering services. Instead of requiring a workforce to plow through routine work, that low-hanging fruit is swept away so they can be more creative in applying techniques or mission processes to achieve their goals in new ways,” said Delmolino. “I see AI as a productivity booster.” Computers that think like we do There may be some lingering concern about AI taking jobs, but that’s not really the issue. AI is going to help agencies accomplish the totality of their missions more efficiently and effectively. “The reason those people took those jobs in the first place was to serve the public and execute the mission of their agency. AI puts them closer to that mission,” said Entis. AI unlocks the trapped value of data and applies advanced analytics to large data sets to predict trends and deliver new insights. It can do so in an unbiased and consistent manner, offering transparency and increasing citizens’ trust that their data is being used responsibly on their behalf. Automating routine processes and providing transparent guidance and advice to citizens with helpful AI facilitates a better experience with public services, now and in the future. “For decades, we’ve had to adapt our human behavior and think like computers to get them to do what we need them to do. With AI, computers are increasingly able to think like us and adapt to our needs, among them the need to be responsible and attentive to objectivity and trustworthiness,” said Delmolino. [Pullquote-2.png&w=60] Technology underpins a better government Ultimately, the role of AI is to transform the relationship between people and machines, improving how we live and work as individuals and a society. “Just as the introduction of computer technology in the past has helped government employees work better, smarter and faster, AI offers those employees new tools to help them make decisions more efficiently and effectively,” said Biniam Gebre, managing director of management consulting for Accenture Federal Services. We’ll use AI to reinvent processes and remove not only time and distance constraints but also human limitations. AI processes will improve themselves as they work, combining data in fresh ways to unlock new ideas. AI technology is less of a tool and more of a partner, a smart, fast and indefatigable helper that makes it possible for everyone to do better and more meaningful work. Amazing types of AI Below are terms that are key to understanding how a collection of technologies can work together to enable human-like behavior: Virtual Agents: Interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate naturally with humans to answer questions and perform business processes Machine Learning: Self-tuning applications that can: * Learn to reconfigure or adapt to new or changing inputs * Analyze data and uncover patterns * Identify outliers within data by searching for items outside clusters * Predict a user’s rating or preference for a given item Semantic Technologies: Software that encodes the meaning separately from the data in order to enable machines and people to understand what’s happening at execution time Video Analytics: Software that applies computer vision techniques on videos to detect events and patterns Biometric Identification: Systems that verify a user’s identity by extracting and comparing his or her unique biological characteristics or traits to those registered in the system Augmented Reality: Systems that use computer-generated sensory input, such as sound, video or location data to augment or supplement live images of a real-world environment Affective Computing: Technologies that detect the emotional state of a user and respond accordingly Robotic Process Automation: Systems that use software to mimic the work a user performs on a computer to automate tasks that are highly repetitive, are based on unchanging rules and use structured data as inputs Intelligent Automation: Systems that automate complex physical world tasks, can learn by experience and improve through repetition Learn more from Accenture Federal Services: Harnessing the power of AI. __________________________________________________________________ *Source: "Why Artificial Intelligence is the Future of Growth," Accenture 2016. * Share on FacebookShare * Share on TwitterTweet * Share via Email Content From [ACC_Logo_Black_PurpleGT.png] More From Accenture More From The Washington Post * 1 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Perspective The false alarm in Hawaii revealed an abdication of leadership by Trump * 2 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Hopes for immigration deal fade as lawmakers trade barbs and Trump declares dreamer program ‘probably dead’ * 3 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Here’s how this car got wedged in the upper wall of a two-story building * 4 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Meet the 24-year-old Trump campaign worker appointed to help lead the government’s drug policy office * 5 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] White House claims Wall Street Journal misquoted Trump as saying he has a good relationship with Kim Jong Un * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Trump’s apologists invite grave danger to our nation * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Ladies, let’s be reasonable about #MeToo or nothing will ever be sexy again subscribe The story must be told. Subscribe to The Washington Post Try 1 month for $1 [p?c1=2&c2=3005617&cv=2.0&cj=1] #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Retropolis Who betrayed Anne Frank? Artificial intelligence could finally solve the mystery. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. October 4, 2017 Follow @CleveWootson In this footage from July 22, 1941, Anne Frank is seen leaning out of the window of her house in Amsterdam to get a look at a couple who is celebrating their wedding day. This footage was taken before Anne's family went into hiding. (Anne Frank House museum) For nearly 75 years, some of the greatest investigative minds have tried to figure out who tipped off the Nazis about Anne Frank and the seven other Jews who were hiding behind a movable bookcase in Amsterdam. Now, a former FBI investigator working with a production company hopes the decades-old mystery can be solved with the help of a new mind — an artificial one. Vince Pankoke, who spent a chunk of his FBI career investigating Colombian drug cartels, has assembled a team of 20 researchers, data analysts and historians to look into what he calls “one of the biggest cold cases” of the 20th century. The most unconventional member of his team is a piece of specialized software that can cross-reference millions of documents — police reports, lists of Nazi spies, investigative files for Frank family sympathizers — to find connections and new leads. Proditione Media, a production company in the Netherlands, is soliciting donations to help fund Pankoke’s investigation, which will become the subject of a podcast — and possibly a documentary. The company, which asked Pankoke to lead the investigation, has also asked people with information or previously undisclosed documents to submit them on its website. Already, the investigation has generated new interest — and new information, Pankoke said. “The bottom line is until this day, there is nothing that’s really held water or been definitive,” he told The Washington Post. “The point of the investigation is fact-finding just to discover the truth. There is no statute of limitations on the truth.” [Researchers think they know where Amelia Earhart died — days after a photo suggested she lived] Anne Frank’s family spent more than two years in the secret annex at the back of her father’s store. They were discovered on a summer day in 1944 and sent to concentration camps. [AFP_J77UW.jpg&w=60] Photos taken in 1942 show Anne Frank, who died in a concentration camp in May 1945. (Getty Images) Before World War II was over, seven of the eight hiders were dead, including Anne, who died of typhus at age 15 at Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. Her father, Otto — the only person who hid behind the bookcase and survived — spent the rest of his life trying to figure out who tipped off the Nazis. He also published his daughter’s diary, which chronicled the rise of anti-Semitism in the Netherlands and has become required reading for students across the world. He long suspected his family was turned in by Willem van Maaren, a recently hired employee who was not in on the secret behind the bookcase. Van Maaren was suspicious and would set “traps” to discover anyone in the office after hours. In 1963, Otto Frank told a Dutch newspaper: “We suspected him all along.” Through the decades, others have been identified as potential betrayers, including a prominent Dutch Nazi by the name of Tonny Ahlers, and the wife of an employee who helped the Frank family hide. The betrayer shouldn’t have been hard to determine — the Nazis kept meticulous records — but the details surrounding the home in Amsterdam were believed destroyed in a 1946 bombing, making an easy identification impossible. Investigations in 1947 and 1963 turned up nothing, and the identity of the Frank family’s betrayer appeared lost to history. But there are still reams of documents, including some that have been shipped to the United States and transferred to microfilm. That avalanche of information could be key to finding out how the Nazis learned about the Franks. [What Americans thought of Jewish refugees on the eve of World War II] Anne Frank’s Amsterdam was a maze of danger for the eight hiding Jews. The annex where they lived could be seen easily from several nearby homes. A curtain accidentally left open or a loud noise at the wrong time could lead to discovery. They relied on counterfeit food-ration coupons to stay alive, operations that involved sympathetic collaborators and were heavily scrutinized by police. A computer-generated map shows Anne Frank’s house (in green) surrounded by Nazi sympathizers and informants. (Vince Pankoke) Dutch officers were paid for every Jew they turned over to the Nazis, Pankoke said. They leaned heavily and sometimes violently on people suspected of helping Jews avoid the Nazis. The hiders’ collaborators had family members who could have tipped off police. Anne Frank chronicled moments when the people in the annex made mistakes that could have been seen by neighbors. Pankoke believes all the investigative avenues haven’t been explored. He estimates it would take a human being a decade to go through all the documents and parse out possible connections. A computer designed by the big-data company Xomnia could process the same information in seconds. “There is, of course, all possible types of administration done by the Germans of the time,” Thijs Baynes, the filmmaker behind the project, told the Guardian. “And there is an even bigger circle of circumstantial evidence. What [Dutch Nazi party] members were in the neighborhood? What connections were with the Gestapo? Where were Gestapo agents living? “To find that kind of information you have to go through millions of documents.” Pankoke is working to acquire more of those documents. He’s spent the past few months squinting at microfilm in Amsterdam and at a National Archives facility outside Washington, trying to find relevant data. He’s also become an expert on previous investigations that sought Anne Frank’s betrayer. Pankoke started working for the FBI in the 1980s, spending his first four years as an agent in a small field office in Wisconsin. In 1992, he was transferred to Miami, where he helped build cases against Colombian cartels. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, he was involved in FBI undercover operations, including cases that took him out of the country, he said. He retired two years ago. But that didn’t last long. “Unfortunately, my wife is looking at me and saying, ‘I thought we were going to be retired and taking cruises,’” the 59-year-old said, noting that his investigation could last into 2019. Vince Pankoke. (Courtesy of Cold Case Diary) Pankoke has always had a keen interest in World War II. His father and three uncles all served. While in the FBI, he remembers driving by the Anne Frank House and marveling that no one had figured out who betrayed her family. He said a small part of him realizes there may be no smoking gun. The key piece of data could have been destroyed. Or there may be heft to a recent report that says there was no betrayer at all, and that Anne Frank’s discovery was an unfortunate coincidence. That theory was posited in a research paper put out by the Anne Frank House itself. Published late last year, the paper suggested that three men Otto Frank later identified as investigators weren’t looking for enemies of Nazis, but were likely assigned to track down people committing ration card fraud or those dodging military service. The museum’s research is backed up by other historical documents, along with words written in Anne Frank’s own hand: She talked about the arrests of men who had been caught dealing in illegal ration cards “so we have no coupons.” Such arrests were often reported to authorities, who regularly came across hiding Jews as they tried to sniff out people with phony ration cards. In a statement this week, the Anne Frank House said it was keeping an open mind about Pankoke’s research and has cooperated with his team. “The background to and the exact details of the arrest of Anne Frank are issues that many people still find very compelling,” the statement read. “We want to tell the life story of Anne Frank as completely as possible, so it is also important to take a close look at the raid that brought an end to the period in hiding.” It added: “Despite decades of research, betrayal as a point of departure has delivered nothing conclusive. . . . We are pleased that ‘Cold Case Diary’ is also carrying out research into the arrest and following new leads, and we are interested to see the results.” [Russian ‘cannibal couple’ may have drugged, killed and eaten as many as 30 people, police say] Pankoke told The Post his investigators have already made some discoveries. They haven’t identified Anne Frank’s betrayers, but they’ve figured out who betrayed at least one other family that was hiding from the Nazis. “It’s because we’re using artificial intelligence, because we’re casting such a broad net,” he said. “I know of one instance we’ve found — and we’re looking hard at another one. We’ve only scratched the surface.” Eventually, he hopes to be able to show relatives of some victims the kopgeld (head price) receipt that a betrayer got for turning someone in. That, he said, would give their families something they haven’t had before: closure. Anne Frank, Pankoke said, “is a symbol of the youth and what the people who were in hiding went through. She’s famous because she so eloquently documents this. But all of the other people who were in hiding, and their collaborators, they’re just as important; they’re just not as famous.” Read more: Six Nazi spies were executed in D.C. White supremacists gave them a memorial — on federal land. How a 7-year-old Aleppo girl on Twitter became our era’s Anne Frank Amelia Earhart didn’t die in a plane crash, investigators say. This is their theory. People thought this iconic Oregon rock formation fell on its own. Then a video emerged. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures ‘Automation is here to help, not replace.’ Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures Amrutha Alluri, 11th grade, Roosevelt High School, Sioux Falls Published 2:56 p.m. ET July 10, 2017 XXX IMG_GOOGLE_CHROMESCREENS_1_1_FNDKR5NL.JPG Apple Siri can now name songs, via Shazam.(Photo: Apple) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Siri, Alexa, Cortana and Watson – more than just common names – they are a few examples of artificial intelligence people use every day. Defined, artificial intelligence is not just one technology, but rather a group of related technologies that are able to perform tasks that humans can do such as language translation, speech recognition and visual perception. A.I. is part of the technologies many companies, hospitals and research centers now utilize for various types of jobs. A.I. makes life easier. Watson, used in IBM, is a supercomputer having analytical software and performs as a “question answering” machine. A.I. has become part of the workforce. Looking specifically into cancer research, A.I. has helped many medical professionals predict what combinations for existing drugs could work for certain types of cancer And then, there is Tesla – a self-driving car that is loaded with all sorts of the latest updates that make the car smarter. It has its own radar, optical camera and a technology that will help prevent Tesla cars from being involved in fewer accidents. Also, don’t forget the GPS that nearly everybody has and can’t live without. A.I. is everywhere. Yet, for all its progress, A.I. has its naysayers, claiming it will replace skilled workers or perhaps be used for evil purposes. Though concerns and risks can’t be dismissed, A.I. is a realistic tool. Automation is here to help, not replace. It just makes life better. And who could complain about that? Read or Share this story: http://argusne.ws/2v4sBYT Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! News IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Associated Press IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM's nearby research center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Fashion & Style|Artificial Intelligence as a Threat (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/1AiNSPn 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Fashion & Style Artificial Intelligence as a Threat Disruptions By NICK BILTON NOV. 5, 2014 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Jamec C. Best, Jr./The New York Times Ebola sounds like the stuff of nightmares. Bird flu and SARS also send shivers down my spine. But I’ll tell you what scares me most: artificial intelligence. The first three, with enough resources, humans can stop. The last, which humans are creating, could soon become unstoppable. Before we get into what could possibly go wrong, let me first explain what artificial intelligence is. Actually, skip that. I’ll let someone else explain it: Grab an iPhone and ask Siri about the weather or stocks. Or tell her “I’m drunk.” Her answers are artificially intelligent. Right now these artificially intelligent machines are pretty cute and innocent, but as they are given more power in society, these machines may not take long to spiral out of control. Advertisement Continue reading the main story In the beginning, the glitches will be small but eventful. Maybe a rogue computer momentarily derails the stock market, causing billions in damage. Or a driverless car freezes on the highway because a software update goes awry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story But the upheavals can escalate quickly and become scarier and even cataclysmic. Imagine how a medical robot, originally programmed to rid cancer, could conclude that the best way to obliterate cancer is to exterminate humans who are genetically prone to the disease. Nick Bostrom, author of the book “Superintelligence,” lays out a number of petrifying doomsday settings. One envisions self-replicating nanobots, which are microscopic robots designed to make copies of themselves. In a positive situation, these bots could fight diseases in the human body or eat radioactive material on the planet. But, Mr. Bostrom says, a “person of malicious intent in possession of this technology might cause the extinction of intelligent life on Earth.” Artificial-intelligence proponents argue that these things would never happen and that programmers are going to build safeguards. But let’s be realistic: It took nearly a half-century for programmers to stop computers from crashing every time you wanted to check your email. What makes them think they can manage armies of quasi-intelligent robots? I’m not alone in my fear. Silicon Valley’s resident futurist, Elon Musk, recently said artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes.” And Stephen Hawking, one of the smartest people on earth, wrote that successful A. I. “would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last.” There is a long list of computer experts and science fiction writers also fearful of a rogue robot-infested future. Two main problems with artificial intelligence lead people like Mr. Musk and Mr. Hawking to worry. The first, more near-future fear, is that we are starting to create machines that can make decisions like humans, but these machines don’t have morality and likely never will. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The second, which is a longer way off, is that once we build systems that are as intelligent as humans, these intelligent machines will be able to build smarter machines, often referred to as superintelligence. That, experts say, is when things could really spiral out of control as the rate of growth and expansion of machines would increase exponentially. We can’t build safeguards into something that we haven’t built ourselves. “We humans steer the future not because we’re the strongest beings on the planet, or the fastest, but because we are the smartest,” said James Barrat, author of “Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era.” “So when there is something smarter than us on the planet, it will rule over us on the planet.” What makes it harder to comprehend is that we don’t actually know what superintelligent machines will look or act like. “Can a submarine swim? Yes, but it doesn’t swim like a fish,” Mr. Barrat said. “Does an airplane fly? Yes, but not like a bird. Artificial intelligence won’t be like us, but it will be the ultimate intellectual version of us.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Perhaps the scariest setting is how these technologies will be used by the military. It’s not hard to imagine countries engaged in an arms race to build machines that can kill. Bonnie Docherty, a lecturer on law at Harvard University and a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch, said that the race to build autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence — which is already underway — is reminiscent of the early days of the race to build nuclear weapons, and that treaties should be put in place now before we get to a point where machines are killing people on the battlefield. “If this type of technology is not stopped now, it will lead to an arms race,” said Ms. Docherty, who has written several reports on the dangers of killer robots. “If one state develops it, then another state will develop it. And machines that lack morality and mortally should not be given power to kill.” So how do we ensure that all these doomsday situations don’t come to fruition? In some instances, we likely won’t be able to stop them. (Submit) But we can hinder some of the potential chaos by following the lead of Google. Earlier this year when the search-engine giant acquired DeepMind, a neuroscience-inspired, artificial intelligence company based in London, the two companies put together an artificial intelligence safety and ethics board that aims to ensure these technologies are developed safely. Demis Hassabis, founder and chief executive of DeepMind, said in a video interview that anyone building artificial intelligence, including governments and companies, should do the same thing. “They should definitely be thinking about the ethical consequences of what they do,” Dr. Hassabis said. “Way ahead of time.” A version of this article appears in print on November 6, 2014, on Page E2 of the New York edition with the headline: Artificial Intelligence as a Threat. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Technology, labor shortages, demographics and other factors could alter working conditions and jobs themselves in the future. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Subscribe Today Log In Subscribed, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Russ Wiles, The Republic | azcentral.com Published 7:00 a.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 | Updated 1:55 p.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 IFRAME: 105162868 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. Tom Tingle/azcentral.com Robots Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, left, talks about Baxter the robot with Ph.D. student Simon Stepputtis, middle, and masters student Trevor Richardson at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017.(Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE You might not be in your dream job. Most likely, you don't make as much money as you would like. But let's face it: Today's employment market has improved substantially over the past several years. The nation already is nearly back to what economists call full employment, with a U.S. jobless rate easing to near 4 percent. But that favorable trend masks a lot of pain, dislocation and disruption for people in certain occupations, with more coming. Robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures are almost certain to alter the employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years, for better or worse. Here are some of the ways jobs and employment could change over the next five or 10 years: Your co-worker: A robot Robotics and automation already have made huge inroads, especially in manufacturing. Get ready for more changes ahead. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. The researchers examined more than 700 occupations, examining the tasks workers perform, the skills required and the engineering obstacles currently preventing computerization. Tasks less at risk are those requiring creative and social skills. Jobs in transportation, logistics and office administration are at high risk for replacement. Driverless vehicles, including big trucks, already are on the highways. While robots mainly have been utilized so far in manufacturing, millions of service jobs could be next, according to the Oxford report. Automation in service industries could be more significant, given that the service sector has a lot more jobs than manufacturing and agriculture. A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. By contrast, occupations with a low risk of displacement include recreational therapists, social workers, mechanic supervisors, health technicians and hearing-aid specialists. Technological advances are a double-edged sword. They will wipe out some jobs but create others. In retail, for example, automation has resulted in self-service cashier lanes. But the pending adoption of computerized reading glasses or goggles will give shoppers the ability to walk down grocery aisles and spot foods with certain traits such as those that are gluten-free or vegan, said John Challenger, CEO of outplacement-firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Other emerging products or apps will allow you to detect and identify desired products more easily with your smartphone. “Some of these new technologies will ultimately create jobs," he said. "Workers with experience using augmented or virtual reality will see the most opportunities, as will those who can help guide customers in this new experience or train fellow staff." A recent Ball State University study listed a number A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. (Photo: Tom Tingle/Special for The Republic) Robotics revolution Eventually, the adoption of robots and automation will become national trends. But so far, especially for robots, the impact has been concentrated. The Brookings Institution recently mapped the prevalence of industrial robots and noted a heavy cluster in Midwestern states and those in the Upper South where the auto industry is focused. More than half the nation’s 233,300 industrial robots are "burning welds, painting cars, assembling products, handling materials or packaging things in just 10 Midwestern and Southern states," the report said. Michigan alone has 12 percent of the nation's industrial robots, compared to 13 percent for all Western states combined. Ohio, Indiana and Tennessee also use robots extensively. The increased use of industrial robots will eliminate some jobs, including dangerous, repetitive and physically demanding ones, but it could create new ones. In addition to engineers who will be needed to design these machines and technicians to maintain and program them, others eventually will work side by side with robots, said Heni Ben Amor, an assistant engineering professor at Arizona State University. "In the past, there was a human/robot physical barrier because robots can be dangerous if you get hit by one," he said. "The new trend will bring the two worlds together." For example, he said humans could do work requiring physical dexterity, such as attaching small screws, while robots do heavy lifting or more repetitive tasks. Lingering unease Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, right, demonstrates a manufacturing robot with Ph.D. student Kevin Luck, left, and visiting molecular medicine scientist Tamara Blätte, at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Ben Amor said he's excited about the potential for job gains with advances in robotics. "It's going to create way more jobs than the number lost," he predicted. Ben Amor considers driverless vehicles to fall under the banner of robotics, as both involve machines or systems perceiving changes in the environment and taking actions in response. He believes Arizona could have a bright future in the development of driverless cars and trucks, given that Uber, Alphabet, General Motors and Intel all have tested such vehicles on public roads around the Valley. The unusual concentration of tests here has attracted the attention of a lot of smart students and young entrepreneurs who want to work for those companies or start their own, he said. Still, the adoption of robots and artificial intelligence often causes public anxiety over job losses. This anxiety spills over into politics. "It is telling that the robot incidence in red states that voted for President Trump in November is more than twice that in the blue states that voted for Hillary Clinton," Brookings noted in its report. While Arizona has fewer robots and thus less robot-induced anxiety, the state lags in other respects affecting jobs, prosperity and employment. For example, Arizona has a higher proportion of low-wage jobs, 27.8 percent, than the 24.2 percent national average, according to a report by Prosperity Now. The average pay of $49,700 in Arizona runs about $3,200 below the U.S. average, and a slightly smaller percentage of local employers offer health insurance to their workers. Jobs remain, but education needed Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) The pressures from robots, artificial intelligence and global outsourcing are serious, but the outlook isn't entirely bleak. The nation's economy is robust, resilient and innovative. New jobs will be created in new industries, as has regularly occurred in the past. A recent study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce estimates that there are still 30 million "good jobs" out there for workers who lack college degrees. Such jobs offer median or midpoint annual pay of $55,000 (and a minimum of $35,000). Many are found in health care, finance and information technology. Such positions have steadily replaced formerly good jobs in traditional blue-collar industries. For example, 25 years ago a machinist making $44,000 exemplified a good manufacturing job. Today, that description applies to a computer-support technician earning $60,000 a year. Other examples of good jobs cited in the report include financial managers, sales representatives and engineering technicians. Still, the study noted that the educational requirements for good jobs are rising. While college degrees aren't required, some higher education usually is. For workers with no more than a high school diploma, the number of good jobs has dropped by more than 1 million since 1991. By contrast, the number of good jobs for workers with an associate's degree has climbed by 3 million over that span. "To compete effectively, workers need some level of post-secondary education and training," the report said. "In addition, a variety of non-degree credentials are sometimes necessary to get those jobs, or to advance in them." Reviving trade jobs Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Ben Amor discusses robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures that are almost certain to alter employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Higher education is important, but many well-paying jobs don't require time spent in college classrooms. An estimated 10,000 or more unfilled jobs are in Arizona's construction trades — plumbers, electricians, dry-wall specialists, carpenters and others. The Brewer Companies, a large Phoenix plumbing company that includes Benjamin Franklin Plumbing on the retail side, is having such a hard time attracting workers that it has slowed its growth so that customer service and quality don't suffer. Brewer, which is looking for candidates to fill 35 open positions, could have grown at least 15 percent this year, said the company's CEO, Mike Brewer. Brewer offers paid apprenticeships for people wanting to become plumbers. Prior experience isn't needed, but applicants must be responsible and eager to work. "Will these people show up on time and work all day?" he asked. "It's not rocket science." Promising, doomed occupations Factors other than robotics, foreign competition and education affect jobs. So do industry strengths or weaknesses, customer demand and more. Kiplinger.com recently sorted through 785 occupations to glean what it considers the 10 best and worst, based on current average pay and future growth prospects. The 10 best are focused on technology and health care. In the tech field, promising positions include app developers and computer-systems analysts, while the health sector offers bright outlooks for nurse practitioners, physical therapists, health-services managers, physician assistants, dental hygienists and speech-language pathologists. Rounding out Kiplinger's top 10 are market-research analysts and financial advisers. The worst occupations are more varied but include many manufacturing positions such as textile-machine workers, photo processors, furniture finishers, metal/plastic machine operators and print binding/finishing workers. Robotics along with general technical obsolescence are dooming some of these jobs. Other positions with poor prospects, partly because they are highly competitive or offer low pay, include radio/TV announcers, legislators, floral designers, gaming cashiers and door-to-door salespeople, according to Kiplinger. STEM jobs — those in science, technology, engineering or math — enjoy especially good prospects. "The jobs of the future, no matter the industry or level, are no doubt going to involve at least a rudimentary knowledge of technology," said Challenger. People who enter a STEM profession will have a leg up on the competition, he added. Top STEM-focused jobs cited by his company for 2017 include computer-system analysts, statisticians, software developers, mathematicians and financial advisers. Median salaries in each of those fields already top $80,000, with unemployment rates below 2.5 percent. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. (Photo: Tom TIngle/The Republic) Part-time work: An expanding option? The assumption is that most people want full-time jobs with a range of benefits, but that's not necessarily so. In fact, more than one in six U.S. workers currently labor part-time, and many of these people do so from home. A part-time, remote job can be ideal for working parents, semi-retirees, individuals with health issues, military spouses and career changers, said Sara Sutton Fell, CEO of FlexJobs, a job-search website. Companies of all sizes and across a range of industries hire part-time, remote workers, she noted, citing nurses, accountants and digital-marketing strategists as examples. So too for tutors, writers and editors, computer coders, interpreters and customer-service representatives. With so many baby boomers in good health, part-time jobs remain an attractive option for young retirees — a way to remain socially engaged while generating extra income. In fact, 79 percent of workers polled recently by the Employee Benefit Research Institute said they plan to work for pay in retirement. However, just 29 percent of retirees, in the same poll, said they actually work or have worked for pay. This survey has consistently found a wide gap between the expectations of current workers to stay employed and the proportion of retirees who are. But with looming job shortages in some occupations and increasing employer flexibility, part-time work for retirees might be more feasible in coming years. Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com or 602-444-8616. READ MORE: Arizona doesn't have enough construction workers; contractors paying higher wages Will helping inmates hone skills, find jobs keep them out of prison? Conair warehouse in Glendale creates 350 jobs, huge corporate campus Low savings, poor jobs imperil Arizonans' prosperity, study says Summer jobs for teens are vanishing CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://azc.cc/2gyli6m Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Facebook CEO says AI naysayers can be "irresponsible." Musk says Zuckerberg's knowledge of AI "limited." Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Talking Tech Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 7:29 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 | Updated 11:30 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103987064 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg have very differing opinions of artificial intelligence, and their battle is heating up. Time This might be the closest thing we have to a tech beef. Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has been vocal about his concerns over the rise in artificial intelligence. Musk worries AI could be used in a way that threatens humanity. Recently, he implored governments to start enacting laws to regulate how AI is built and used. On Saturday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg hosted a live chat from his backyard (while grilling, of course). A viewer asked him about Musk's concerns and how he felt about AI. Zuckerberg said he's "really optimistic" for AI, and questions those naysayers "who drum up doomsday scenarios" about the technology. "It’s really negative," said Zuckerberg. "And in some ways, I think it’s really irresponsible." He notes while AI -- like any technology -- could be used for evil purposes, he sees the possibilities AI brings, including safer cars and tech that can better diagnose disease. "I’m just much more optimistic in general on this," he said. On Tuesday, Musk responded on Twitter after a user shared a story recapping Zuckerberg's comments. "I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited," wrote Musk. I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited. — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 25, 2017 In 2015, Musk and other big names in tech helped launch Open AI, a non-profit aimed at "discovering and enacting the path to safe, artificial general intelligence." A year later, tech giants including Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft formed a Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society to explore best practices for AI. Tesla was among the companies absent. Zuckerberg has been bullish about AI, even building his own smart home system inspired by Iron Man's Jarvis. Musk embraces AI, too, notably through Tesla and its autopilot self-driving system. But Musk has regularly expressed fears AI could grow out of control without proper safeguards. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but rather that it will follow the will of people that establish its utility function or its optimization function, and that ... if it is not well thought out – even if its intent is benign – it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said in a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * The IBM computer system known as ... IBM, Associated Press file The IBM computer system known as Watson, at IBM’s research center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., will work in mining epic amounts of weather data to come up with actionable insights about the weather. By The Associated Press September 10, 2017 at 12:03 am [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free BOSTON— IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 2, 2018 Amazon will buy Target this year, analyst predicts * December 23, 2017 Apple said to develop EKG heart monitor for future watch * December 22, 2017 What can be done to prevent deadly car rammings? * December 16, 2017 Denver among the 10 U.S. metro areas with largest income gains since the recession Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM’s nearby research center in Cambridge, Mass. * Tags: * artificial intelligence * IBM * More Business News More in Business * A donation is made into a ... 6 ways the world of giving could change in 2018 January 14, 2018, 12:01 am From pessimism about new federal tax laws to politically-motivated “rage philanthropy,” 2018 promises to be transformational. * Crews work on new development along ... Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor January 14, 2018, 3:02 pm City leaders in Thornton last week signed off on a $3.75 million incentive package for Topgolf to build one of its sprawling dining and golf entertainment venues in the city. * Co-authors of the book Lakota Performers ... From Lookout Mountain to Belgium, setting the record straight on American Indian performers January 14, 2018, 12:01 am Despite what many may think, Buffalo Bill and Wild West Shows helped preserve Lakota culture, authors say. * The original Denver Branch building, located ... A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank January 14, 2018, 12:01 am A century before Amazon created a national frenzy to host its second headquarters, U.S. cities battled to claim one of a dozen regional banks that would make up the newly formed Federal Reserve system. Denver lost that bidding war to Kansas City, but claimed a branch that will celebrate 100 years on Jan. 14. * Member Services * News Alerts * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * RSS * Subscribe + Become a Member / Subscribe + Place a Hold + Denver Post Store + Digital Replica Edition * Classifieds + Autos + Real Estate + Jobs + Today’s Ads + Weekly Ads + Daily Ads + Special Sections * Contact Us + Submit a News Tip + Member Services + Advertise With Us + Careers + Place an Obituary * Today’s Front Page + Back Issues + Archives + Mobile Apps * Copyright © 2017 Digital First Media * Privacy Policy * Terms of Use * Site Map * Ethics Policy * Powered by WordPress.com VIP * Arbitration Send to Email Address ____________________ Your Name ____________________ Your Email Address ____________________ _________________________ loading Send Email Cancel Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59 billion industry Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * By The Washington Post July 23, 2017 at 10:39 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free China aims to make the artificial intelligence industry a “new, important” driver of economic expansion by 2020, according to a development plan issued by the State Council. Policymakers want to be global leaders, with the AI industry generating more than 400 billion yuan ($59 billion) of output per year by 2025, according to an announcement from the Cabinet late Thursday. Key development areas include AI software and hardware, intelligent robotics and vehicles, virtual reality and augmented reality, it said. “Artificial intelligence has become the new focus of international competition,” the report said. “We must take the initiative to firmly grasp the next stage of AI development to create a new competitive advantage, open the development of new industries and improve the protection of national security.” The plan highlights China’s ambition to become a world power backed by its technology business giants, research centers and military, which are investing heavily in AI. Globally, the technology will contribute as much as $15.7 trillion to output by 2030, according to a PwC report last month. That’s more than the current combined output of China and India. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-2.html “The positive economic ripples could be pretty substantial,” said Kevin Lau, a senior economist at Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. “The simple fact that China is embracing AI and having explicit targets for its development over the next decade is certainly positive for the continued upgrading of the manufacturing sector and overall economic transformation.” Chinese AI-related stocks advanced Friday. CSG Smart Science & Technology Co. climbed as much as 9.3 percent in Shenzhen before closing 3.1 percent higher, while intelligent management software developer Mesnac Co. surged 9.8 percent after hitting the 10 percent daily limit in earlier trading. AI will have a significant influence on society and the international community, according to an opinion piece by East China University of Political Science and Law professor Gao Qiqi published Wednesday in the People’s Daily, the flagship newspaper of the Communist Party. PwC found that the world’s second-biggest economy stands to gain more than any other from AI because of the high proportion of output derived from manufacturing. Related Articles * January 14, 2018 A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Fund manager Q&A: What to expect from muni bonds in 2018 * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests Another report from Accenture and Frontier Economics last month estimated that AI could increase China’s annual growth rate by 1.6 percentage point to 7.9 percent by 2035 in terms of gross value added, a close proxy for GDP, adding more than $7 trillion. The State Council directive also called for China’s businesses, universities and armed forces to work more closely in developing the technology. “We will further implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian developments,” it said. “Scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and military units should communicate and coordinate.” More AI professionals and scientists should be trained, the State Council said. It also called for promoting interdisciplinary research to connect AI with other subjects such as cognitive science, psychology, mathematics and economics. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-3.html * Tags: * artificial intelligence * China * More Business News * robotics * virtual reality More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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Email check failed, please try again Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. #The Denver Post » Feed The Denver Post » Comments Feed The Denver Post » How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Comments Feed alternate alternate IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TLFP4R * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video GET BREAKING NEWS IN YOUR BROWSER. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video How artificial intelligence is taking on… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * File photo, employees watch electronic ... Yun Dong-jin, Yonhap via AP, File In this Monday, May 15, 2017, file photo, employees watch electronic boards to monitor possible ransomware cyberattacks at the Korea Internet and Security Agency in Seoul, South Korea. Unable to rely on good human behavior, computer security experts are developing software techniques to fight ransomware. But getting these protections in the hands of users is challenging. By The Associated Press June 28, 2017 at 11:44 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free By Anick Jesdanun, The Associated Press NEW YORK — Twice in the space of six weeks, the world has suffered major attacks of ransomware — malicious software that locks up photos and other files stored on your computer, then demands money to release them. It’s clear that the world needs better defenses, and fortunately those are starting to emerge, if slowly and in patchwork fashion. When they arrive, we may have artificial intelligence to thank. Ransomware isn’t necessary trickier or more dangerous than other malware that sneaks onto your computer, but it can be much more aggravating, and at times devastating. Most such infections don’t get in your face about taking your digital stuff away from you the way ransomware does, nor do they shake you down for hundreds of dollars or more. Despite those risks, many people just aren’t good at keeping up with security software updates. Both recent ransomware attacks walloped those who failed to install a Windows update released a few months earlier. Watchdog security software has its problems, too. With this week’s ransomware attack , only two of about 60 security services tested caught it at first, according to security researchers. “A lot of normal applications, especially on Windows, behave like malware, and it’s hard to tell them apart,” said Ryan Kalember, an expert at the California security vendor Proofpoint. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 13, 2018 Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits * January 13, 2018 Angry tweets, viral videos are teaching airlines to observe social media, and respond HOW TO FIND MALWARE In the early days, identifying malicious programs such as viruses involved matching their code against a database of known malware. But this technique was only as good as the database; new malware variants could easily slip through. So security companies started characterizing malware by its behavior. In the case of ransomware, software could look for repeated attempts to lock files by encrypting them. But that can flag ordinary computer behavior such as file compression. Newer techniques involve looking for combinations of behaviors. For instance, a program that starts encrypting files without showing a progress bar on the screen could be flagged for surreptitious activity, said Fabian Wosar, chief technology officer at the New Zealand security company Emsisoft. But that also risks identifying harmful software too late, after some files have already been locked up. An even better approach identifies malware using observable characteristics usually associated with malicious intent — for instance, by quarantining a program disguised with a PDF icon to hide its true nature. This sort of malware profiling wouldn’t rely on exact code matches, so it couldn’t be easily evaded. And such checks could be made well before potentially dangerous programs start running. MACHINE VS. MACHINE Still, two or three characteristics might not properly distinguish malware from legitimate software. But how about dozens? Or hundreds? Or even thousands? For that, security researchers turn to machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence. The security system analyzes samples of good and bad software and figures out what combination of factors is likely to be present in malware. As it encounters new software, the system calculates the probability that it’s malware, and rejects those that score above a certain threshold. When something gets through, it’s a matter of tweaking the calculations or adjusting the threshold. Now and then, researchers see a new behavior to teach the machine. AN ARMS RACE On the flip side, malware writers can obtain these security tools and tweak their code to see if they can evade detection. Some websites already offer to test software against leading security systems. Eventually, malware authors may start creating their own machine-learning models to defeat security-focused artificial intelligence. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder and chief technology officer at the California vendor CrowdStrike, said that even if a particular system offers 99 percent protection, “it’s just a math problem of how many times you have to deviate your attack to get that 1 percent.” Still, security companies employing machine learning have claimed success in blocking most malware, not just ransomware. SentinelOne even offers a $1 million guarantee against ransomware; it hasn’t had to pay it yet. A FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGE So why was ransomware still able to spread in recent weeks? Garden-variety anti-virus software — even some of the free versions — can help block new forms of malware, as many are also incorporating behavioral-detection and machine-learning techniques. But such software still relies on malware databases that users aren’t typically good at keeping up to date. Next-generation services such as CrowdStrike, SentinelOne and Cylance tend to ditch databases completely in favor of machine learning. But these services focus on corporate customers, charging $40 to $50 a year per computer. Smaller businesses often don’t have the budget — or the focus on security — for that kind of protection. And forget consumers; these security companies aren’t selling to them yet. Though Cylance plans to release a consumer version in July, it says it’ll be a tough sell — at least until someone gets attacked personally or knows a friend or family member who has. As Cylance CEO Stuart McClure puts it: “When you haven’t been hit with a tornado, why would you get tornado insurance?” * Tags: * artificial intelligence * cybersecurity * malware * ransomware * Windows More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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No answer yet Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash Plane dangles off cliff after skidding off runway in Turkey Ultratight labor market in Minn. driven by jump in low-wage jobs Fraud trial against former Starkey executives starts Tuesday Live: Vikings on a roll, up 17-0 over Saints in second quarter France vs. fake news offers test case for democratic dilemma Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota Bill Murray returns to 'SNL' as Steve Bannon on 'Morning Joe' spoof Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 next 442462823 Putin: Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world Associated Press September 1, 2017 — 9:20am Text size comment share tweet email Print more Share on: Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on Pinterest Copy shortlink: ____________________ Purchase: Order Reprint MOSCOW — Russian President Vladimir Putin says that whoever reaches a breakthrough in developing artificial intelligence will come to dominate the world. Putin, speaking Friday at a meeting with students, said the development of AI raises "colossal opportunities and threats that are difficult to predict now." He warned that "the one who becomes the leader in this sphere will be the ruler of the world." Putin warned that "it would be strongly undesirable if someone wins a monopolist position" and promised that Russia would be ready to share its know-how in artificial intelligence with other nations. The Russian leader predicted that future wars will be fought by drones, and "when one party's drones are destroyed by drones of another, it will have no other choice but to surrender." View Comments Read our comment standards StarTribune.com welcomes and encourages readers to comment and engage in substantive, mutually respectful exchanges over news topics. Commenters must follow our Terms of Use. 1. Keep it civil and stay on topic. 2. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. 3. Comments with web links are not permitted. 4. 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Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit * Ultratight labor market in Minn. driven by jump in low-wage jobs * Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash * Myth-busting cold remedies * Companies fined for mislabeling rayon * Why Republicans resist Hagel * There's serious trash on TV * BCS Championship Game recap * Reality check: America's judges More From Star Tribune Top Stories * TRUMP SCENE 8 Trump says program to protect 'Dreamers' is 'probably dead' 2:25pm * Tim Pawlenty running for U.S. Senate? No answer yet 3:28pm * Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash 2:06pm Most Read 1. Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash • Local 2. Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota • Variety 3. Minn. Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit • Politics 4. Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 • Local 5. 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These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K - Photo These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K Set a career goal for every month of 2016 - Photo Set a career goal for every month of 2016 The highest-paying entry-level jobs - Photo The highest-paying entry-level jobs * Cars o New Car Search o Used Car Search o Certified Car Search o Houston Auto Dealers The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit - Photo The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH - Photo Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain - Photo Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain BMW turns 100 years old: A look back - Photo BMW turns 100 years old: A look back * Real Estate o Home Price Survey o Farms & Ranches o Senior Living o My Perfect Hous(e)ton Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction - Photo Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community - Photo Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas - Photo Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas MenuSections [print-header-logo.png] http://www.chron.com/news/science-environment/article/Google-s-Artifici al-Intelligence-acts-10931151.php Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered By Fernando Ramirez Published 10:45 am, Tuesday, February 14, 2017 * * * * * * * * * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org Photo: David McNew/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-23', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 23', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/23 Caption Close Image 1 of 23 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Image 2 of 23 LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017. Source: The Telegraph less LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA ... more Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images Image 3 of 23 Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved." Source: NBC less Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. ... more Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images Image 4 of 23 The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017. Source: CBS News less The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be ... more Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images Image 5 of 23 Image 6 of 23 Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017. Source: NPR less Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may ... more Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Image 7 of 23 Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages." Source: Inc less Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer ... more Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images Image 8 of 23 The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images Image 9 of 23 A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand." Source: NBC less A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to ... more Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images Image 10 of 23 Image 11 of 23 Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics Image 12 of 23 For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images Image 13 of 23 The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn. Source: NASA less The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September ... more Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images Image 14 of 23 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures. Source: Climatecentral.org less 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming ... more Photo: David McNew/Getty Images Image 15 of 23 Image 16 of 23 Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images Image 17 of 23 The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images Image 18 of 23 More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard." Source: Time less More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on ... more Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images Image 19 of 23 China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Image 20 of 23 Image 21 of 23 Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world." Source: Inc less Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these ... more Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images Image 22 of 23 The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Source: BBC less The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the ... more Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images Image 23 of 23 Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered 1 / 23 Back to Gallery Being a sore loser is not an admired quality; especially when it's a sophisticated piece of artificial intelligence that's lashing out. Researchers at DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence lab, recently performed a number of tests by having its most complex AI play a series of a games with a version of itself. In the first game, two AI agents, one red and one blue, scramble to see who can collect the most apples, or green squares. Each AI has the option of firing off a long laser beam to stun the other AI, giving one player ample time to collect more precious green apples. SELF-DRIVING: Ford puts $1 billion in stealth artificial intelligence startup IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/he8_V0BvbWg Terrifyingly, it takes almost no time for both AI to start zapping each other relentlessly in the name of green apples. "These results show that agents learn aggressive policies in environments that combine a scarcity of resources with the possibility of costly action," wrote DeepMind's researchers in a study examining the tests. In addition, scientists were able to change details in the game that would push the AI into being more or less likely to zap their apple-gathering partner. For example, scientists lowered the frequency at which apples spawned and also upped the stun time for each AI's laser, tweaks that resulted in a "highly aggressive" game. ALL IN: Texas Hold 'Em may be the next frontier in artificial intelligence On Friday, Apple announced that it has formally joined The Partnership on AI to Benefit People and Society. Other members of the organization include: Amazon, Facebook, Google/Deep Mind, IBM and Microsoft. The Partnership on AI aims to advance the public understanding of artificial intelligence and create the best practices for it It plans to do research under an open license on areas such as ethics, privacy, fairness, inclusivity, transparency and privacy. Media: Brandpoint While all of this may sound like an "Ex Machina" omen, there are people behind the scenes working to avoid a Skynet-style fate. When Google first purchased DeepMind in 2014 for $500 million, it agreed to set up an ethics and safety board as part of the deal. So far, Google has yet to say whose on the board or what exactly they do, but hopefully they've paid attention to what happens when their AI is up against the ropes. Click through above to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017. 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Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. / 2009 Christian Science Monitor * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images / Steve Debenport * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images / 2015 Anadolu Agency * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images / 2015 Getty Images * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? Photo: AP * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP / AP * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images / De Agostini Editorial * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-22', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 22', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/22 Caption Close Image 1 of 22 Image 2 of 22 What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. less What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some ... more Photo: 2009 Christian Science Monitor Image 3 of 22 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. less 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about ... more Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images Image 4 of 22 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. less 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of ... more Image 5 of 22 Image 6 of 22 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. less 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour ... more Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images Image 7 of 22 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. less 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ... more Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images Image 8 of 22 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? less 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an ... more Photo: AP Image 9 of 22 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. less 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically ... more Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 10 of 22 Image 11 of 22 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. less 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into ... more Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images Image 12 of 22 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. less 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over ... more Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP Image 13 of 22 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. less 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 14 of 22 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. less 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 15 of 22 Image 16 of 22 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. less 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of ... more Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 17 of 22 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” less 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting ... more Image 18 of 22 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. less 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way ... more Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images Image 19 of 22 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. less 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or ... more Image 20 of 22 Image 21 of 22 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. less 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — ... more Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP Image 22 of 22 Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language 1 / 22 Back to Gallery Add dealmaking to the growing list of skills artificial intelligence will soon outperform humans at. A new report from Facebook’s Artificial Intelligence Research lab reveals its AI “dialog agents” were able to negotiate remarkably well — at one point communicating in a unique nonhuman language. The model had two chatbots use “machine learning” to continuously improve its negotiating tactics with each other. Facebook researchers had to pause the experiment when the bots’ new mode of communicating “led to divergence from human language as the agents developed their own language for negotiating.” Also Read: Facebook Closed Captioning Screwed Up Facebook CEO's Harvard Speech Even without its own language, the research provided an eerie glimpse at the power of machine learning. The bots quickly moved to high-level methods of deal-making, capable of “feigning interest in a valueless item” — allowing the bots to make compromises. It has been just over a year since Facebook first unveiled its chatbots, the social networking giant isn't done making improvements to dialog-driven assistants. Today, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research released a new framework for developers intended to help fine-tune and improve the conversational abilities of chatbots, of which Facebook Messenger has over 11,000 of and growing. Media: WochIt Media This revealed the bots were capable of deception — a complex skill learned late in a child’s development, according to the report. The bots weren’t programmed to lie, but instead learned “to deceive without any explicit human design, simply by trying to achieve their goals.” In other words, the bots learned lying can work on their own. Once programmed to not use its new language, researchers also found a hint of spontaneity in the bots’ interactions. Seventy-six percent of the conversations included a fluent English sentence pulled from its training data. Still, the agents had a few “novel utterances” that suggested “although neural models are prone to the safer option of repeating sentences from training data, they are capable of generalizing when necessary.” Also Read: Mark Zuckerberg's 3 Keys to Creating a 'Sense of Purpose' While the data doesn’t conclude we’ll have AI car salesmen in the immediate future, it did show how rapidly machine learning can lead to unanticipated outcomes. As AI research continues to expand, it’s imperative to see the potential drawbacks to having machines self-improve without safeguards in place. 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Does it? [1920_x_1080_iOSA.JPG?uuid=bO3beFYDEeeEC1EgJjGdpw] Hopper and similar apps for travelers use artificial intelligence to power their booking engines. (Courtesy of Hopper) [elliottc.jpg?ts=1421428888912&w=80&h=80&t=20170517a] By Christopher Elliott By Christopher Elliott Columnist June 22, 2017 Follow @elliottdotorg The Terminator wants to be your next travel agent. New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to make travel a little smarter. The latest entrant is Aeromexico’s new AI-based customer-service bot, billed as a “smart brain” capable of machine learning. It launched earlier this year in Spanish on Facebook, and an English version is being rolled out now. But do they really live up to the billing? It depends. There’s little doubt that AI is improving the bottom line for airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, which are aggressively integrating this technology into their operations. But for consumers, there are only a few AI-enabled apps and sites that offer a meaningful improvement, if any. Nearly 85 percent of travel and hospitality professionals are using AI within their businesses, according to a recent survey by Tata Consultancy Services, which is based in India. So far, the use is largely limited to their information-technology departments, with 46 percent of companies saying they use it for functions such as processing bookings and credit-card transactions. But within four years, 60 percent of companies surveyed said that AI would expand to their marketing efforts — persuading you to book their products. [The travel industry is finally ending discrimination against solo travelers. Or is it?] Indeed, most of the AI firepower is reserved for the back-end systems designed to squeeze more profit out of an airline seat or hotel room, or to improve the efficiency of airport operations. For example, flight disruptions cost airlines billions each year, so airports are deploying AI systems to quickly deal with irregular operations. A company called SITA is working with airports to create an algorithm to forecast airline delays. “This is a huge cost for the industry,” says Jim Peters, SITA’s chief technology officer. “There is a strong desire to remove as much uncertainty as possible.” For customer-facing AI systems for travelers, there are several standouts. One of the most prominent examples of AI is Hopper , which uses a variety of artificial intelligence to power its site and booking engine. That includes machine learning to analyze pricing data and suggest the best times to book a trip to a destination, a system that alerts you when ticket prices drop, and a “conversational chatbot” that understands written queries and generates relevant results. Another site, Hipmunk , also has a well-known conversational chatbot capable of understanding queries and offering relevant search results. “The idea here is to leverage AI strategically at the right moment in the customer journey,” says Étienne Mérineau, the co-founder and head of conversation design at Heyday.ai, a chatbot developer based in Montreal. At Kayak , when you access its price forecast tool, you’re using an intelligent system that’s more than a simple search. Not only does it offer a more accurate price prediction, says Giorgos Zacharia, the chief technology officer for Kayak, “artificial intelligence also allows us to combine flights from different carriers for more savings for our users.” [How can you protect your right to digital privacy at the border?] And while the sites that offer it are popular, the technology can be a little glitchy. Take the Aeromexico AI, called Aerobot. Like the Terminator’s mythical Skynet, it goes far beyond offering scripted answers, learning as it goes by scanning and analyzing previous customer service transcripts. The system, currently only available in Spanish, is still primitive. I accessed the AI through its Facebook page and asked it for help with a reservation. The response? “Let me transfer you to a human agent.” Its developers said Aerobot can answer simple questions, such as “What is your pet fee?” and “I have to change a flight,” but is still learning the rest. Who said customer service would be easy? Certainly not Nina McGouldrick, a medical writer from Richardson, Tex. She recently used Hopper to book a flight on American Airlines, with frustrating results. When she called the airline to check on the status of her flight, American claimed she had canceled her ticket and that its records indicated that someone using her number had called. “All we could see on our side is that it was canceled by the airline at the flier’s request,” says Brianna Schneider, a Hopper spokeswoman. “It pains us to hear, though, that this traveler didn’t intend to cancel her trip and we will reach out to her to get more details.” [You’ve never heard of these people, but they’ve changed the way you fly] But McGouldrick may be in the minority. Artificial intelligence is increasingly palatable to a majority of travelers. A new PricewaterhouseCoopers survey of consumer and business attitudes toward the technology suggests that in the next five years, 56 percent of respondents would be willing to embrace an artificial travel agent. To which human agents say: Nonsense. “Would you trust the Terminator to tell you where to see the best sunset on the Amalfi Coast?” asks Erika Richter, a spokeswoman for the American Society of Travel Agents . “I don’t think so.” For now, the dream of an AI making travel better seems closer to becoming a reality for a company’s back-end systems, where intelligent applications can improve efficiency and cut costs. But when it comes to the systems travelers use, there’s a long road ahead — at least before you can call a machine to book your next vacation. Elliott is a consumer advocate, journalist and co-founder of the advocacy group Travelers United. Email him at chris@elliott.org. Read more from Travel: With eco-friendly travel more popular than ever, approach green claims with skepticism From passport cards to Global Entry, which trusted-traveler program is right for you? 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. Google Google's artificial intelligence computer 'no longer constrained by limits of human knowledge' news.com.au * Facebook * Twitter * Print * Email Terminator The computer that stunned humanity by beating the best mortal players at a strategy board game requiring “intuition” has become even smarter, its creators claim. Even more startling, the updated version of AlphaGo is entirely self-taught — a major step towards the rise of machines that achieve superhuman abilities “with no human input”, they reported in the science journal Nature. Dubbed AlphaGo Zero, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) system learnt by itself, within days, to master the ancient Chinese board game known as “Go” — said to be the most complex two-person challenge ever invented. It came up with its own, novel moves to eclipse all the Go acumen humans have acquired over thousands of years. After just three days of self-training it was put to the ultimate test against AlphaGo, its forerunner which previously dethroned the top human champs. AlphaGo Zero won by 100 games to zero. “AlphaGo Zero not only rediscovered the common patterns and openings that humans tend to play ... it ultimately discarded them in preference for its own variants which humans don’t even know about or play at the moment,” said AlphaGo lead researcher David Silver. The 3000-year-old Chinese game played with black and white stones on a board has more move configurations possible than there are atoms in the Universe. AlphaGo made world headlines with its shock 4-1 victory in March 2016 over 18-time Go champion Lee Se-Dol, one of the game’s all-time masters. Lee’s defeat showed that AI was progressing faster than widely thought, said experts at the time who called for rules to make sure powerful AI always remains completely under human control. In May this year, an updated AlphaGo Master program beat world Number One Ke Jie in three matches out of three. NOT CONSTRAINED BY HUMANS Unlike its predecessors which trained on data from thousands of human games before practising by playing against itself, AlphaGo Zero did not learn from humans, or by playing against them, according to researchers at DeepMind, the Google-owned British artificial intelligence (AI) company developing the system. “All previous versions of AlphaGo ... were told: ‘Well, in this position the human expert played this particular move, and in this other position the human expert played here’,” Silver said in a video explaining the advance. AlphaGo Zero skipped this step. Instead, it was programmed to respond to reward — a positive point for a win versus a negative point for a loss. Starting with just the rules of Go and no instructions, the system learnt the game, devised strategy and improved as it competed against itself — starting with “completely random play” to figure out how the reward is earned. This is a trial-and-error process known as “reinforcement learning”. Unlike its predecessors, AlphaGo Zero “is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge,” Silver and DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis wrote in a blog. Amazingly, AlphaGo Zero used a single machine — a human brain-mimicking “neural network” -- compared to the multiple-machine “brain” that beat Lee. It had four data processing units compared to AlphaGo’s 48, and played 4.9 million training games over three days compared to 30 million over several months. BEGINNING OF THE END? “People tend to assume that machine learning is all about big data and massive amounts of computation but actually what we saw with AlphaGo Zero is that algorithms matter much more,” said Silver. The findings suggested that AI based on reinforcement learning performed better than those that rely on human expertise, Satinder Singh of the University of Michigan wrote in a commentary also carried by Nature. “However, this is not the beginning of any end because AlphaGo Zero, like all other successful AI so far, is extremely limited in what it knows and in what it can do compared with humans and even other animals,” he said. AlphaGo Zero’s ability to learn on its own “might appear creepily autonomous”, added Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. But there was an important difference, he told AFP, “between the general-purpose smarts humans have and the specialised smarts” of computer software. “What DeepMind has demonstrated over the past years is that one can make software that can be turned into experts in different domains ... but it does not become generally intelligent,” he said. It was also worth noting that AlphaGo was not programming itself, said Sandberg. “The clever insights making Zero better was due to humans, not any piece of software suggesting that this approach would be good. I would start to get worried when that happens.” This story originally appeared in news.com.au. Trending in Tech * “Online work” used to mean “money grabbing scam.” You might find a job selling things online for a commission or writing blogs for money, but these rarely provided a living wage, or even enough spare change to justify the time commitment. Times have changed. The internet has finally become profitable, not just for startup entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, but for regular people with everyday skills. 11 innovative ways to make money online * Want to know about spy cams, iPhone battery performance and the coolest Alexa commands? Then read this column. 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. [tr?id=190747804793608&ev=PageView &noscript=1] * Physics * Mathematics * Biology * Computer Science * All Articles * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own (Submit) Share (Submit) * Comments * (Submit) Read Later Abstractions blog Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own ByKevin Hartnett October 18, 2017 A new version of AlphaGo needed no human instruction to figure out how to clobber the best Go player in the world — itself. (Submit) dreamdream [AlphaGo1300Lede.jpg] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks A mere 19 months after dethroning the world’s top human Go player, the computer program AlphaGo has smashed an even more momentous barrier: It can now achieve unprecedented levels of mastery purely by teaching itself. Starting with zero knowledge of Go strategy and no training by humans, the new iteration of the program, called AlphaGo Zero, needed just three days to invent advanced strategies undiscovered by human players in the multi-millennia history of the game. By freeing artificial intelligence from a dependence on human knowledge, the breakthrough removes a primary limit on how smart machines can become. Earlier versions of AlphaGo were taught to play the game using two methods. In the first, called supervised learning, researchers fed the program 100,000 top amateur Go games and taught it to imitate what it saw. In the second, called reinforcement learning, they had the program play itself and learn from the results. AlphaGo Zero skipped the first step. The program began as a blank slate, knowing only the rules of Go, and played games against itself. At first, it placed stones randomly on the board. Over time it got better at evaluating board positions and identifying advantageous moves. It also learned many of the canonical elements of Go strategy and discovered new strategies all its own. “When you learn to imitate humans the best you can do is learn to imitate humans,” said Satinder Singh, a computer scientist at the University of Michigan who was not involved with the research. “In many complex situations there are new insights you’ll never discover.” After three days of training and 4.9 million training games, the researchers matched AlphaGo Zero against the earlier champion-beating version of the program. AlphaGo Zero won 100 games to zero. To expert observers, the rout was stunning. Pure reinforcement learning would seem to be no match for the overwhelming number of possibilities in Go, which is vastly more complex than chess: You’d have expected AlphaGo Zero to spend forever searching blindly for a decent strategy. Instead, it rapidly found its way to superhuman abilities. The efficiency of the learning process owes to a feedback loop. Like its predecessor, AlphaGo Zero determines what move to play through a process called a “tree search.” The program starts with the current board and considers the possible moves. It then considers what moves its opponent could play in each of the resulting boards, and then the moves it could play in response and so on, creating a branching tree diagram that simulates different combinations of play resulting in different board setups. Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter (Submit) Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. DeepMind AlphaGo Zero can’t follow every branch of the tree all the way through, since that would require inordinate computing power. Instead, it selectively prunes branches by deciding which paths seem most promising. It makes that calculation — of which paths to prune — based on what it has learned in earlier play about the moves and overall board setups that lead to wins. Earlier versions of AlphaGo did all this, too. What’s novel about AlphaGo Zero is that instead of just running the tree search and making a move, it remembers the outcome of the tree search — and eventually of the game. It then uses that information to update its estimates of promising moves and the probability of winning from different positions. As a result, the next time it runs the tree search it can use its improved estimates, trained with the results of previous tree searches, to generate even better estimates of the best possible move. The computational strategy that underlies AlphaGo Zero is effective primarily in situations in which you have an extremely large number of possibilities and want to find the optimal one. In the Nature paper describing the research, the authors of AlphaGo Zero suggest that their system could be useful in materials exploration — where you want to identify atomic combinations that yield materials with different properties — and protein folding, where you want to understand how a protein’s precise three-dimensional structure determines its function. As for Go, the effects of AlphaGo Zero are likely to be seismic. To date, gaming companies have failed in their efforts to develop world-class Go software. AlphaGo Zero is likely to change that. Andrew Jackson, executive vice president of the American Go Association, thinks it won’t be long before Go apps appear on the market. This will change the way human Go players train. It will also make cheating easier. As for AlphaGo, the future is wide open. Go is sufficiently complex that there’s no telling how good a self-starting computer program can get; and AlphaGo now has a learning method to match the expansiveness of the game it was bred to play. [template] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter The Quanta Newsletter Get highlights of the most important news delivered to your email inbox ____________________ (Submit) Subscribe Most recent newsletter Comment on this article Quanta Magazine moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. 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MIT Technology Review (Submit) Menu * Topics + o Business Impact o Connectivity o Intelligent Machines o Rewriting Life o Sustainable Energy + o 10 Breakthrough Technologies o 35 Innovators Under 35 o 50 Smartest Companies + Views + Views from the Marketplace + The Possibility Report * The Download * Magazine * Events * More + Video + Special Publications + MIT News Magazine + Help/Support * Log in / Register * Subscribe * Log in / Register * Search * ____________________ Submit Click search or press enter [ma15-reviewsai.jpg?sw=1180&cx=0&cy=37&cw=2760&ch=1552] Intelligent Machines Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence A true AI might ruin the world—but that assumes it’s possible at all. * by Paul Ford * February 11, 2015 Computers are entrusted with control of complex systems. * * * * * * * Years ago I had coffee with a friend who ran a startup. He had just turned 40. His father was ill, his back was sore, and he found himself overwhelmed by life. “Don’t laugh at me,” he said, “but I was counting on the singularity.” My friend worked in technology; he’d seen the changes that faster microprocessors and networks had wrought. It wasn’t that much of a step for him to believe that before he was beset by middle age, the intelligence of machines would exceed that of humans—a moment that futurists call the singularity. A benevolent superintelligence might analyze the human genetic code at great speed and unlock the secret to eternal youth. At the very least, it might know how to fix your back. But what if it wasn’t so benevolent? Nick Bostrom, a philosopher who directs the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, describes the following scenario in his book Superintelligence, which has prompted a great deal of debate about the future of artificial intelligence. Imagine a machine that we might call a “paper-clip maximizer”—that is, a machine programmed to make as many paper clips as possible. Now imagine that this machine somehow became incredibly intelligent. Given its goals, it might then decide to create new, more efficient paper-clip-manufacturing machines—until, King Midas style, it had converted essentially everything to paper clips. [MA15cover.zoomedx1004.jpg?sw=180] This story is part of our March/April 2015 Issue See the rest of the issue Subscribe No worries, you might say: you could just program it to make exactly a million paper clips and halt. But what if it makes the paper clips and then decides to check its work? Has it counted correctly? It needs to become smarter to be sure. The superintelligent machine manufactures some as-yet-uninvented raw-computing material (call it “computronium”) and uses that to check each doubt. But each new doubt yields further digital doubts, and so on, until the entire earth is converted to computronium. Except for the million paper clips. Things Reviewed * “Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies” By Nick Bostrom Oxford University Press, 2014 Bostrom does not believe that the paper-clip maximizer will come to be, exactly; it’s a thought experiment, one designed to show how even careful system design can fail to restrain extreme machine intelligence. But he does believe that superintelligence could emerge, and while it could be great, he thinks it could also decide it doesn’t need humans around. Or do any number of other things that destroy the world. The title of chapter 8 is: “Is the default outcome doom?” If this sounds absurd to you, you’re not alone. Critics such as the robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks say that people who fear a runaway AI misunderstand what computers are doing when we say they’re thinking or getting smart. From this perspective, the putative superintelligence Bostrom describes is far in the future and perhaps impossible. Yet a lot of smart, thoughtful people agree with Bostrom and are worried now. Why? Volition The question “Can a machine think?” has shadowed computer science from its beginnings. Alan Turing proposed in 1950 that a machine could be taught like a child; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP, coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1955. As AI researchers in the 1960s and 1970s began to use computers to recognize images, translate between languages, and understand instructions in normal language and not just code, the idea that computers would eventually develop the ability to speak and think—and thus to do evil—bubbled into mainstream culture. Even beyond the oft-referenced HAL from 2001: A Space Odyssey, the 1970 movie Colossus: The Forbin Project featured a large blinking mainframe computer that brings the world to the brink of nuclear destruction; a similar theme was explored 13 years later in WarGames. The androids of 1973’s Westworld went crazy and started killing. Extreme AI predictions are “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines… and jumping to the conclusion that the warp drives are just around the corner,” Rodney Brooks writes. When AI research fell far short of its lofty goals, funding dried up to a trickle, beginning long “AI winters.” Even so, the torch of the intelligent machine was carried forth in the 1980s and ’90s by sci-fi authors like Vernor Vinge, who popularized the concept of the singularity; researchers like the roboticist Hans Moravec, an expert in computer vision; and the engineer/entrepreneur Ray Kurzweil, author of the 1999 book The Age of Spiritual Machines. Whereas Turing had posited a humanlike intelligence, Vinge, Moravec, and Kurzweil were thinking bigger: when a computer became capable of independently devising ways to achieve goals, it would very likely be capable of introspection—and thus able to modify its software and make itself more intelligent. In short order, such a computer would be able to design its own hardware. As Kurzweil described it, this would begin a beautiful new era. Such machines would have the insight and patience (measured in picoseconds) to solve the outstanding problems of nanotechnology and spaceflight; they would improve the human condition and let us upload our consciousness into an immortal digital form. Intelligence would spread throughout the cosmos. You can also find the exact opposite of such sunny optimism. Stephen Hawking has warned that because people would be unable to compete with an advanced AI, it “could spell the end of the human race.” Upon reading Superintelligence, the entrepreneur Elon Musk tweeted: “Hope we’re not just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence. Unfortunately, that is increasingly probable.” Musk then followed with a $10 million grant to the Future of Life Institute. Not to be confused with Bostrom’s center, this is an organization that says it is “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity,” the ones that could arise “from the development of human-level artificial intelligence.” No one is suggesting that anything like superintelligence exists now. In fact, we still have nothing approaching a general-purpose artificial intelligence or even a clear path to how it could be achieved. Recent advances in AI, from automated assistants such as Apple’s Siri to Google’s driverless cars, also reveal the technology’s severe limitations; both can be thrown off by situations that they haven’t encountered before. Artificial neural networks can learn for themselves to recognize cats in photos. But they must be shown hundreds of thousands of examples and still end up much less accurate at spotting cats than a child. This is where skeptics such as Brooks, a founder of iRobot and Rethink Robotics, come in. Even if it’s impressive—relative to what earlier computers could manage—for a computer to recognize a picture of a cat, the machine has no volition, no sense of what cat-ness is or what else is happening in the picture, and none of the countless other insights that humans have. In this view, AI could possibly lead to intelligent machines, but it would take much more work than people like Bostrom imagine. And even if it could happen, intelligence will not necessarily lead to sentience. Extrapolating from the state of AI today to suggest that superintelligence is looming is “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines appearing and jumping to the conclusion that warp drives are just around the corner,” Brooks wrote recently on Edge.org. “Malevolent AI” is nothing to worry about, he says, for a few hundred years at least. Insurance policy Even if the odds of a superintelligence arising are very long, perhaps it’s irresponsible to take the chance. One person who shares Bostrom’s concerns is Stuart J. Russell, a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Russell is the author, with Peter Norvig (a peer of Kurzweil’s at Google), of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, which has been the standard AI textbook for two decades. “There are a lot of supposedly smart public intellectuals who just haven’t a clue,” Russell told me. He pointed out that AI has advanced tremendously in the last decade, and that while the public might understand progress in terms of Moore’s Law (faster computers are doing more), in fact recent AI work has been fundamental, with techniques like deep learning laying the groundwork for computers that can automatically increase their understanding of the world around them. Bostrom’s book proposes ways to align computers with human needs. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. Because Google, Facebook, and other companies are actively looking to create an intelligent, “learning” machine, he reasons, “I would say that one of the things we ought not to do is to press full steam ahead on building superintelligence without giving thought to the potential risks. It just seems a bit daft.” Russell made an analogy: “It’s like fusion research. If you ask a fusion researcher what they do, they say they work on containment. If you want unlimited energy you’d better contain the fusion reaction.” Similarly, he says, if you want unlimited intelligence, you’d better figure out how to align computers with human needs. Bostrom’s book is a research proposal for doing so. A superintelligence would be godlike, but would it be animated by wrath or by love? It’s up to us (that is, the engineers). Like any parent, we must give our child a set of values. And not just any values, but those that are in the best interest of humanity. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. How to proceed? Bostrom draws heavily on an idea from a thinker named Eliezer Yudkowsky, who talks about “coherent extrapolated volition”—the consensus-derived “best self” of all people. AI would, we hope, wish to give us rich, happy, fulfilling lives: fix our sore backs and show us how to get to Mars. And since humans will never fully agree on anything, we’ll sometimes need it to decide for us—to make the best decisions for humanity as a whole. How, then, do we program those values into our (potential) superintelligences? What sort of mathematics can define them? These are the problems, Bostrom believes, that researchers should be solving now. Bostrom says it is “the essential task of our age.” For the civilian, there’s no reason to lose sleep over scary robots. We have no technology that is remotely close to superintelligence. Then again, many of the largest corporations in the world are deeply invested in making their computers more intelligent; a true AI would give any one of these companies an unbelievable advantage. They also should be attuned to its potential downsides and figuring out how to avoid them. This somewhat more nuanced suggestion—without any claims of a looming AI-mageddon—is the basis of an open letter on the website of the Future of Life Institute, the group that got Musk’s donation. Rather than warning of existential disaster, the letter calls for more research into reaping the benefits of AI “while avoiding potential pitfalls.” This letter is signed not just by AI outsiders such as Hawking, Musk, and Bostrom but also by prominent computer scientists (including Demis Hassabis, a top AI researcher). You can see where they’re coming from. After all, if they develop an artificial intelligence that doesn’t share the best human values, it will mean they weren’t smart enough to control their own creations. Paul Ford, a freelance writer in New York, wrote about Bitcoin in March/April 2014. Time is running out to register for EmTech Digital. You don’t want to miss expert discussions on AI. Learn more and register (Submit) (Submit) Share * * * * * * * Tagged AI, artificial intelligence Credit Illustration by Jacob Escobedo Paul Ford Paul Ford is a writer and computer programmer who lives in Brooklyn. He is writing a book of essays about Web pages. READ COMMENTS Please read our commenting guidelines. Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. 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Log in for two more free articles, or subscribe now for unlimited online access. [google_s_ai_made_some_pretty_huge_leaps_this_week.html&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj =1] Quantcast #Future Tense (RSS 2.0) Slate Sign In Sign Up Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Slate Sign In Sign Up ASU | NEW AMERICA | SLATE Learn more about Future Tense » Slate Future Tense Future Tense The Citizen's Guide to the Future Oct. 18 2017 6:51 PM Google’s A.I. Has Made Some Pretty Huge Leaps This Week By Christina Bonnington Lee Se-Dol. AlphaGo has come a ways since it started beating humans. Google via Getty Images When DeepMind’s AlphaGo artificial intelligence defeated Lee Sedol, the Korean Go champion, for the first time last year, it stunned the world. Many, including Sedol himself, didn’t expect an AI to have mastered the complicated board game, but it won four out of five matches—proving it could compete with the best human players. More than a year has passed, and today’s AlphaGo makes last year’s version seem positively quaint. Google’s latest AI efforts push beyond the limitations of their human developers. Its artificial intelligence algorithms are teaching themselves how to code and how to play the intricate, yet easy-to-learn ancient board game Go. Advertisement This has been quite the week for the company. On Monday, researchers announced that Google’s project AutoML had successfully taught itself to program machine learning software on its own. While it’s limited to basic programming tasks, the code AutoML created was, in some cases, better than the code written by its human counterparts. In a program designed to identify objects in a picture, the AI-created algorithm achieved a 43 percent success rate at the task. The human-developed code, by comparison, only scored 39 percent on the task. On Wednesday, in a paper published in the journal Nature, DeepMind researchers revealed another remarkable achievement. The newest version of its Go-playing algorithm, dubbed AlphaGo Zero, was not only better than the original AlphaGo, which defeated the world’s best human player in May. This version had taught itself how to play the game. All on its own, given only the basic rules of the game. (The original, by comparison, learned from a database of 100,000 Go games.) According to Google’s researchers, AlphaGo Zero has achieved superhuman-level performance: It won 100–0 against its champion predecessor, AlphaGo. But DeepMind’s developments go beyond just playing a board game exceedingly well. There are important implications that could positively impact AI in the near future. “By not using human data—by not using human expertise in any fashion—we’ve actually removed the constraints of human knowledge,” AlphaGo Zero’s lead programmer, David Silver, said at a press conference. Advertisement Until now, modern AIs have largely relied on learning from vast data sets. The bigger the data set, the better. What AlphaGo Zero and AutoML prove is that a successful AI doesn’t necessarily need those human-supplied data sets—it can teach itself. This could be important in the face of our current consumer-facing AI mess. Written by human programmers and taught on human-supplied data, algorithms (such as the ones Google and Facebook use to suggest articles you should read) are subject to the same defects as their human overlords. Without that human interference and influence, future AI’s could be far superior to what we’re seeing employed in the wild today. A dataset can be flawed or skewed—for example, a facial recognition algorithm that has trouble with black faces because their white programmers didn’t feed it a diverse enough set of images. AI, teaching itself, wouldn’t inherently be sexist or racist, or suffer from those kinds of unconscious biases. In the case of AlphaGo Zero, its reinforcement-based learning is also good news for the computational power of advanced AI networks. Early AlphaGo versions operated on 48 Google-built TPUs. AlphaGo Zero works on only four. It’s far more efficient and practical than its predecessors. Paired with AutoML’s ability to develop its own machine learning algorithms, this could seriously speed up the pace of DeepMind’s AI-related discoveries. And while playing the game of Go may seem like a silly endeavor for an AI, it actually makes a lot of sense. AlphaGo Zero has to sort through a lot of complicated information to decide what moves to make in a game. (There are approximately 10^170 positions you can make on a Go board.) As DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis told the Verge, AlphaGo Zero could be reprogrammed to sort through other kinds of data instead. This could include particle physics, quantum chemistry, or drug discovery. Like with playing Go, AlphaGo Zero could end up uncovering new techniques humans have overlooked or come to conclusions we hadn’t yet explored. There’s a lot of reason to fear AI, but DeepMind’s AI’s aren’t programming themselves to destroy the human race. They’re programming themselves in a way that will shift some of the tedium off of human developers’ shoulders and look at problems and data sets in a fresh new light. It’s astonishing to think how far AI has come in just the past few years, but it’s clear from this week that progress is going to come even faster now. Future Tense is a partnership of Slate, New America, and Arizona State University. Christina Bonnington is a technology writer whose work has appeared in Wired, Refinery29, the Daily Dot, and elsewhere. (Submit) Load Comments Powered by Livefyre Slate Sign In Sign Up [s?eid=2ca7ac88-8963-4abf-acff-c1114097be96] FOLLOW SLATE * Twitter * Facebook * Instagram SLATE ON * IPHONE * ANDROID * KINDLE * Reprints * Advertise with us * ABOUT US * CONTACT US * WORK WITH US * USER AGREEMENT * PRIVACY POLICY * FAQ * FEEDBACK * CORRECTIONS Slate Group Panoply Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents © 2018 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved. Slate Slate Sign In Sign Up #alternate Latest News * Dow 25,803 +228.46 +0.89% * Nasdaq 7,261 +49.28 +0.68% * S&P 500 2,786 +18.68 +0.67% * 5:17 P.M. ET North, South Korea to meet again Monday to discuss Winter Olympics (Submit) (Submit) * 5:14 P.M. ET Updated MSNBC’s Joy Reid told ‘just move to Haiti’ amid furor over Trump’s alleged remarks (Submit) (Submit) * 5:06 P.M. 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Home Investing Stocks Jeff Reeves's Strength in Numbers Get email alerts Opinion: These 3 stocks are smart bets on the artificial intelligence revolution By Jeff Reeves Published: Oct 19, 2017 7:49 a.m. ET Share (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) Alphabet, IBM, and robotics ETF poised to profit from technological change [MW-EB362_i_robo_20151216095927_ZH.jpg?uuid=9a20866a-a405-11e5-8622-001 5c588e0f6] Everett Collection [jeffReeves_100.png] By JeffReeves Columnist “Artificial intelligence” is a misunderstood term, thanks in part to dystopian views of the technology across pop culture — from the iconic Terminator to Cylons in Battlestar Galactica to HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey. In reality, most scientists working on artificial intelligence aren’t trying to simulate true human intelligence at all. They are simply trying to create practical machines capable of analyzing data and making decisions to achieve a goal. Case in point — Salesforce.com CRM, +1.04% has a valuable artificial intelligence application called Einstein that it provides to clients. This AI engine helps marketing and sales teams by suggesting which customers are the most valuable, and which products they are most likely to buy. Not only is that a far-less sinister example of AI, it’s also exemplary of how businesses can use this technology to create serious profits. Salesforce stock, for example, is up 40% year-to-date compared with less than 15% for the broader S&P 500 SPX, +0.67% . In fact, the most practical applications of artificial intelligence are side-by-side with Big Data and cloud-computing applications that many investors are already familiar with. Think of artificial intelligence as just the natural next step now that we’ve created all this data — something has to make sense of it. For example, retailers have been trying for years to harness the predictive power of your shopping habits in order to put offers in front of you. Case-in-point: A now-infamous story about TGT, +3.78% investing in how to predict when a customer was (or soon would become) pregnant. While fears of the robot apocalypse may never completely disappear from pop culture, the business case for AI is clear in this age of information. The only question is who will provide the artificial intelligence engines of the future, and which companies and investors will profit. If you’re interested in playing this emerging-tech trend, here are three AI plays to consider: Alphabet Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, +1.67% GOOG, +1.51% made a splash a few years ago as it seemed to be diving into deep machine learning with the acquisition of DNNresearch, DeepMind Technologies, and JetPac among others. The flurry of acquisitions in 2013 and 2014 made waves at the time, and in the near term were seen as incrementally improving areas of Google’s internet business, such as improving search or providing better bidding on ad rates. But the tech giant hasn’t taken its eye off the ball in the intervening years, and overlooking its long-term commitment to AI would be a mistake. Just like it has cemented its role in the smartphone ecosystem with its Android operating system, Google is pushing hard to share its open-source TensorFlow machine learning software with developers and companies of all sizes While many companies like Amazon.com AMZN, +2.23% are using AI internally to improve customer experience or to create products like voice assistant Alexa, Google has opened up the gates and is welcoming the world into its AI ecosystem. We’ve seen this blueprint before, where Google was happy to allow a community of smart, driven experts to help it build Android to be a world leader in mobile software. You could do worse than bet they would do the same thing with their artificial intelligence platform. Sure, there’s no material profits yet. But if AI becomes the next big Google platform, running the systems in homes and cars the way Android runs tablets and phones, Alphabet will surely find a way to capitalize on that in the years ahead. IBM The opposite of Google’s approach is the proprietary Watson system created by International Business Machines Corp. IBM, -0.65% Many Americans are most familiar with Watson for its trivia skills displayed on television show “Jeopardy.” But aside from quirky PR stunts, the supercomputer has found a role performing much more practical tasks in recent years. Since 2013, for example, Watson has been in use at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York to help oncologists make the best decisions based on mountains of medical records and real-life diagnoses. And last January a Japanese insurance firm became so reliant on Watson’s actuarial skills that it laid off a few dozen human employees. IBM has married a powerful machine learning interface with its existing enterprise tech operation, selling Watson’s AI under the “software-as-a-service model” that has been so profitable for cloud computing firms in recent years. It’s a natural iteration for IBM’s business — and a necessary one, too, as the struggling technology giant sees persistent revenue headwinds and increasingly is looking to both the cloud and artificial intelligence results to boost performance. The company just reported its 22nd consecutive quarter of revenue declines, though it did beat on profits thanks in part to 20% growth in its cloud division. When you marry the strategic imperatives of cloud and AI with the existing scale and reach of IBM, it’s hard to imagine that the company will not be a serious play in AI for years to come. Furthermore, a 10-year partnership with MIT launched this year will all but ensure a generation of eager engineers come into the American workforce with ready skills to deploy Watson at their workplaces. This is not as sexy or as grandiose as Google’s plan to democratize AI and spread it around the world. But for investors, the appeal is IBM’s bright line between this emerging technology and near-term profit potential. Robotics and AI ETF If you’re unwilling to pick a winner in the race for artificial intelligence applications, I don’t blame you. Emerging technologies are not just hard to fully understand, but they are tumultuous businesses where upstarts can come out of nowhere and leaders can fall from grace. That’s where the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF BOTZ, +1.59% comes in. This unique and diversified ETF invests in companies “that potentially stand to benefit from increased adoption and utilization of robotics and artificial intelligence.” Because this spans all applications, it makes for an intriguing portfolio. Top holdings now include Nvidia Corp. NVDA, -0.49% for its leading Drive PX platform that can power self-driving cars, Japanese “smart factory” supplier Omron Corp. OMRNY, +0.78% and medical robotics company Cyberdyne CYBQY, -3.09% to name a few. The most interesting thing about these holdings is that they aren’t nebulous plays on some general AI theme and the hope of machine learning on a grand scale. Most are profiting now with targeted business models that marry automation and AI to produce real-world results. For this strategy the ETF charges a rather modest 0.68% expense ratio, or $68 annually on $10,000 invested. That seems a small price to pay for a diversified and thoughtful basket of potential AI winners. More from MarketWatch * 7 cryptocurrencies to watch in 2018 if you’re on the hunt for the next bitcoin * Millennials are getting older — and that’s good for stocks * The more you endlessly scroll on Facebook, the bigger the risk to your mental health MarketWatch Partner Center * * * Data Provided By [bankrate.svg] Today's Interest Rates Mortgage Equity Savings Auto Credit Cards 1. 30 yr fixed Jumbo 4.28% 2. 30 yr fixed 3.96% 3. 15 yr fixed 3.31% 4. 10 yr fixed 3.23% 5. 30 yr fixed refi 3.94% 6. 15 yr fixed refi 3.28% 7. 5/1 ARM 3.9% 8. 5/1 ARM refi 3.9% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. $30K HELOC 3.79% 2. $50K HELOC 3.82% 3. $75K HELOC 3.79% 4. $100K HELOC 3.82% 5. $30K Home Equity Loan 4.92% 6. $50K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 7. $75K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 8. $100K Home Equity Loan 4.53% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 5 yr CD 1.52% 2. 2 yr CD 0.95% 3. 1 yr CD 0.85% 4. MMA $10K+ 0.31% 5. MMA $50K+ 0.46% 6. MMA Savings 0.34% 7. MMA Savings Jumbo 0.5% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 60 Mo Used Car 3.45% 2. 48 Mo Used Car 3.39% 3. 36 Mo Used Car 3.49% 4. 72 Mo New Car 3.45% 5. 60 Mo New Car 3.58% 6. 48 Mo New Car 3.26% 7. 60 Mo Auto Refi 2.82% 8. 36 Mo Auto Refi 2.26% National averages from Bankrate.com Avg. APR Last Week 6 Months Low Interest 13.08% 13.07% 12.88% Business 13.91% 13.87% 13.87% Balance Transfer 15.56% 15.55% 15.31% Student 15.92% 15.92% 15.14% Airline 16.26% 16.25% 15.99% Reward 16.41% 16.40% 16.15% Cash Back 16.56% 16.55% 16.26% Instant Approval 18.74% 18.74% 18.51% Bad Credit 23.59% 23.59% 23.43% Source: CreditCards.com Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. We Want to Hear from You How are you investing in AI? 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Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements. (Submit) ____________________ Advanced Search Stocks Columns Authors Topics No results found Salesforce.com Inc. U.S.: NYSE: CRM $110.24 +1.14 (+1.04%) Volume 5.1M Open $109.23 High $110.71 Low $108.91 P/E Ratio 11024 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 79.6B S&P 500 Index S&P Base CME: SPX 2,786.24 +18.68 (+0.67%) Volume 2.1B Open 2,770 High 2,788 Low 2,770 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A Target Corp. U.S.: NYSE: TGT $76.80 +2.80 (+3.78%) Volume 14.6M Open $74.54 High $77.00 Low $74.45 P/E Ratio 16.07 Div Yield 3.23 Market Cap 41.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl A U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOGL $1,130.65 +18.60 (+1.67%) Volume 1.9M Open $1,110 High $1,131 Low $1,108 P/E Ratio 37.78 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl C U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOG $1,122.26 +16.74 (+1.51%) Volume 1.7M Open $1,102 High $1,124 Low $1,101 P/E Ratio 37.5 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Amazon.com Inc. 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ADR U.S.: OTC: CYBQY $16.95 -0.54 (-3.09%) Volume 10145 Open $16.59 High $16.95 Low $16.59 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A #Recode IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8JKW6 * * * Log In or Sign Up * Log In * Sign Up (Submit) * Trending * Topics * Writers * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 * More ____________________ Search * Trending * Topics + Charts + Commerce + Cybersecurity + Future of Work + Media + Policy + Social + Transportation + Voices * Writers + Kara Swisher + Dan Frommer + Peter Kafka + Edmund Lee + Johana Bhuiyan + Jason Del Rey + Shirin Ghaffary + Eric Johnson + Rani Molla + Tony Romm + Theodore Schleifer + Kurt Wagner * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 (BUTTON) ✕ * Policy * Artificial Intelligence Tech giants studying artificial intelligence are enlisting an Obama veteran as their new leader Terah Lyons is now the founding executive director of the Partnership for AI By Tony Romm@TonyRomm Oct 19, 2017, 12:00pm EDT * tweet * share * Linkedin [Terah_L___JCo_Studios__2238.0.jpg] Terah Lyons Terah Lyons An artificial intelligence research-and-policy organization set up by Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other tech giants is tapping the Obama administration’s former AI expert as its new leader. Terah Lyons will now serve as the founding executive director at the Partnership for AI, a group that seeks to study the impact of powerful algorithms and machine learning on jobs and the economy — while addressing potential regulatory issues along the way. Five companies — Amazon, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and IBM — formed the nonprofit in 2016, and tech giants like Apple joined it soon after. Currently, the partnership also counts among its ranks about 50 consumer groups, privacy advocates, tech-focused academics and others, some of whom have expressed concerns that AI could threaten privacy or contribute to discrimination. Together, though, they’re all set to meet in Berlin next week. Lyons, for her part, arrives at the AI consortium after working as a tech policy fellow at the Mozilla Foundation. Before that, she served under former President Barack Obama, advising the White House’s work to study the use and effects of artificial intelligence. A capstone of that effort was a 2016 report that explored the power of robotics, neural networks and machine-learning tools in everything from self-driving cars to precision medicine, along with a series of recommendations for how to tackle regulatory challenges posed by AI. __________________________________________________________________ Subscribe to the Recode newsletter Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. More From Recode * People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting * Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES * Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ * Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter * People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way * Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ Trending 1. Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. 2. People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. 3. Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ The tweets came a day after Trump’s immigration discussion with lawmakers. More in Trending Recode Daily Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. This Article has a component height of 6. The sidebar size is medium. The Latest People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. By Theodore Schleifer Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. By Ben Bajarin Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ They’re back! By Theodore Schleifer Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. By Jason Del Rey Chorus * Terms of Use * Privacy Policy * Communications Preferences * Contact * Send Us a Tip * Masthead * Sponsorships * Podcasts * Newsletters * RSS A Verge affiliate site Vox Media Advertise with us Jobs @ Vox Media All Systems Operational Check out our status page for more details. 2017 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved * tweet * share Log In * * * * * share Trending Leadership #NewTech Leadership #NewTech Oct 15, 2017 @ 01:10 AM Who's Afraid Of Artificial Intelligence? * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) [3a9af86a86c09b14162da98cfee25dcf?s=400&d=mm&r=g] Shellie Karabell , Contributor I cover leadership - people, politics & policy - from a European view. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. [960x0.jpg?fit=scale] Can artificial intelligence replace the human brain?Will it? What role for humans in the future? (Photo credit: Shutterstock) “Humans were are not built to spend more than two hours looking at a screen or scrolling through excel sheets. Humans are best at being human. Artificial Intelligence will do the rest.” Telling words from Jim Stolze, Co-founder of aigency — an Amsterdam-based company that recruits AI and humans for work. Kind of an employment company run by three humans overseeing 59 robots (actually computers working on algorithms created at the University of Amsterdam to solve problems). Stolze was addressing reporters in StartUp Village at the Amsterdam Science Park on the sidelines of the first World Summit AI in Amsterdam October 11-12. A tech entrepreneur and former ambassador for TED.com, setting up TED events all over Europe and the Middle East, Stolze founded aigency four years ago as “the network that connects data-sets with algorithms, business with talent.” In case it’s not obvious, the “aigency” is a reference to “artificial intelligence.” Job Crusher? “You have to think of AI as job augmentation, not job displacement,” Stolze continues. “Work will create work.” Heineken and Unilever are big customers, turning to aigency for specific problems; Stolze in turn hooks them up with researchers and even students from the University of Amsterdam. “You’ll find six thousand people are still working in an autonomous car factory,” he claims. Automation has been a staple in heavy manufacturing for decades. Now it’s moving into the white-collar arena. “Procurement,” says Stolze, is a big area. “Here’s a guy in procurement who gets an invoice for something; he can’t figure out what it’s for or which department has to pay it. He spends hours or even days running around from department to department trying to figure out what to do with this invoice. Meanwhile the vendor is waiting for his money. With AI you can scan the invoice and the algorithm will pinpoint or at least narrow down what the invoice is for and whose department should be charged.” Outside of the back office, most of us are already dealing with AI and bots without knowing it. Retail sites’ chat rooms are bots, calling on humans when customer questions become too complicated or personal. Marketers, for example. Chances are the subject lines of most of the emails you open from companies weren’t written by humans. It’s called “language optimization.” “We apply our own cognitive bias in writing,” says Parry Malm, a speaker at the World Summit AI and CEO of Phrasee, a UK-based company whose vision is “to supercharge digital marketing using artificial intelligence.” Phrasee counts Domino’s Pizza among its clients. Malm “AI takes it out, so there’s no more guess work in using marketing language. The algorithm figures out the best wording to attract targeted customers. Malm claims Domino’s email open rate increased 27% using AI and language optimization. Unfathomable Data There is a lot to be gained by adopting AI Research by Accenture predicts that by 2035, labor productivity will have risen by 40%, and corporate profitability by 38% due to AI alone. Indeed, industry statistics indicate some 88% of companies today are undergoing some kind of digital transformation. But it appears that the result thus far has been heaps of unfathomable data: answers looking for questions. “Companies have hammers but no nails,” Malm says about the data dilemma. “First you have to define your problem – what you want to know – and then you can figure out which technological resources can fix it.” S. Karabell October 11, 2017, Amsterdam NL - Robotics at the WorldSummitAI in Amsterdam. (photo credit: S. Karabell) Getting to know how AI functions and what problems can be solved by technology is key to using automation in your own business. Meanwhile, Malm sees an investment bubble in AI looming. “A lot of venture capitalists are throwing a lot of money at AI startups,” he claims, adding that he sees a lot of consolidation in the field coming. “Very few enterprises are making it because they won’t or can’t solve problems [in tackling corporate objectives]; instead, they’re just creating more problems.” As Stolze says, “Scared people are using AI the wrong way. We have to remember that while execution may be through machines, the responsibility still remains with humans. “ Take self-driving cars, which Stolze does not foresee for many years. “People ask ‘what should the car do?’ when they should be asking ‘What should the human do?’” That question has far-reaching implication. What, indeed should humans do once AI moves beyond purely logical functions — such as figuring out where that mysterious invoice came from and where it belongs? What happens when AI starts to become creative? “Rationality is a muscle,” claims Vadim Grigoryan, a marketer specializing in corporate art projects, who lectures on brands and art at his MBA alma mater, the INSEAD Business School in Fontainebleau - when he’s not helping businesses, such as spirits start-ups and perfume companies engage with art projects. “We will soon be outsourcing all our Cartesian capacities,” he adds, referring to the doyen of French logic, Renee Descartes. As an example, he points out, “Kids in schools today us calculators to work out math problems they don’t do them in their heads.” AI Will Redefine Us Grigoryan believes we’re put off by the idea of AI because it re-defines who we are – the latest in a process of chipping away at the human ego beginning with Copernicus and the discovery that the sun did not revolve around the earth; continuing through Darwin and the origin of the species, through Freud and the realization that our subconscious is more powerful than our rational side. “Everything that is not rational therefore will become more important for the future of humans,” he opines. That means the suppressed areas of our subconscious will come into play and become more visible — areas that have been repressed, such as creativity culture, art. The process will become more important and we will become less goal-oriented; we will realize metaphorically that we must continue swimming without arriving anywhere.” To some people today, that would seem to be treading water — the antithesis of what AI and its streamlined efficiency seems to have been designed to do. After all, that man in the procurement office who doesn’t have to spend hours running from office to office to settle a mysterious invoice won’t want to be using that saved time to tread water. Nor will his boss. Does he have shorter workdays? Or will he have currently un-imaginable jobs created as an offshoot of all those algorithms? For example, could mankind have explored space and put a man on the moon without Copernicus? All those unknown and presently unanswerable questions mean it’s important to pay attention to how we handle the AI juggernaut steadily advancing into human space. Says Stolze, “The better the choices we make now, the better things will be in 40 years.” Follow me on Twitter @sckarabell1 * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * Print * Website Feedback * News Tip * Report Corrections * Reprints & Permissions #publisher Skip to main content Science * Home * News * Journals * Topics * Careers Search _______________ (Submit) Search Search _______________ (Submit) Search [_] * Log in * My account * Contact us Current Issue Cover Become a member * Renew my subscription * Sign up for newsletters Science AAAS . * * * * * Authors * Members * Librarians * Advertisers * Home + Recent Videos + Latest Podcasts + Photo Galleries + Dance Your Ph.D. Contest + Data Stories Contest * News + Latest News + ScienceInsider + ScienceShots + Sifter + From the Magazine + About News + Quizzes * Journals + Science + Science Advances + Science Immunology + Science Robotics + Science Signaling + Science Translational Medicine * Topics + All Topics + Special Issues + Custom Publishing * Careers + Articles + Find Jobs + Career Resources + Forum + For Employers + Employer Profiles + Graduate Programs + Advertising Features + About Careers * Search _______________ (Submit) Search Share [Eric%20Lander.jpg?itok=Od394VBl] Eric Lander in 2012 Adam Fagen (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows By Dalmeet Singh ChawlaOct. 17, 2017 , 4:20 PM Eric Lander, president and founding director of the Broad Institute and a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, is the most influential biomedical researcher of the modern era, according to a computer program. Lander, a geneticist and mathematician, ranks first on a new list of top biomedical researchers produced by the scientific literature search tool Semantic Scholar. Semantic Scholar, launched in 2015, is an academic search engine aiming to tackle the problem of information overload. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help users sift through huge numbers of scientific papers and understand (to a limited extent) their content. The free tool was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), a nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, that was co-founded in 2014 by Microsoft Co-Founder Paul Allen. Semantic Scholar’s archive of searchable literature initially focused on computer science, and last year expanded to include neuroscience. Today, it is expanding again, to include the millions of biomedical research papers indexed by PubMed and other sources; overall, Semantic Scholar’s archive is now approaching 40 million papers. Last year, Semantic Scholar’s programmers also added functionality that allows it to measure the influence of researchers and organizations, based on what they call “highly influential citations”—which takes into account the context around citations, excluding any self-citations—and other information. In April 2016, the tool ranked computer scientists, and when its corpus was expanded to neuroscience in November 2016, it was also used to judge the most influential brain scientists. Now, Semantic Scholar is ranking biomedical researchers. Here’s the list of the top 10, provided to ScienceInsider: 1. Eric Lander, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (biology) 2. Karl Friston, University College London (neuroscience) 3. Raymond Dolan, University College London (neuroscience) 4. Shizuo Akira, Osaka University (immunology) 5. David Botstein, Calico (biology) 6. Dennis Smith, Pfizer (pharmacokinetics) 7. Eugene Koonin, National Center for Biotechnology Information (biology) 8. Walter Willett, Harvard School of Public Health (epidemiology) 9. Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (genetics) 10. Bert Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins Medical School (oncology) (Friston and Dolan, neuroscientists who hold the second and third spots on the list, respectively, also held the top two positions on Semantic Scholar’s list of most influential neuroscientists.) The absence of women on the list has drawn attention on social media, with some researchers wondering if the result reflected a bias in Semantic Scholar’s ranking algorithm, or is another expression of long-documented differences in gender representation in the biomedical sciences and scientific publishing. In a statement, AI2’s Marie Hagman, a senior product manager who oversees Semantic Scholar, said: "I think the fact that there are no women in the Top 10 authors by the highly influential citation analysis done by AI2 is spotlighting the well-reported problem of publication bias in science and in the context of the current global conversation on gender. It's encouraging to see that people are paying more attention to this issue, as the all-male list last year didn't receive this kind of buzz." Information overload With scientific literature doubling roughly every 9 years, keeping up is becoming increasingly difficult, Hagman says. There’s “a ton of information trapped in these articles and we want to bring it to life,” she says. “We think there are potential cures or ways to improve or save human lives that may be buried away in a PDF somewhere.” Semantic Scholar gets used on average a million times each month, Hagman says. Ultimately, she hopes that the tool can go even further in the content it extracts, perhaps by even suggesting hypotheses for researchers to test. And she envisions the tool pulling data and comparing similar experiments from different papers. “An automated meta-analysis is certainly something we believe is on the horizon,” Hagman says. One limitation of the tool is that it can’t trawl paywalled papers. Hagman notes, however, that her group is negotiating with publishers for varying levels of access. Many other academic search engines, such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, already exist. And any of these search tools will do the job for those who are experts in a particular field and know what they are looking for, Hagman says. But for those exploring connections between different fields or looking into new areas, she believes no other tool provides the “discovery experience” offered by Semantic Scholar. Randy Olson, an AI researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), says Semantic Scholar is “far more useful” than Google Scholar. “Could Semantic Scholar’s AI piece together that a relatively unimportant discovery in one field is a groundbreaking solution to a major challenge in another field?” he asks. “Only time will tell, but I’m optimistic.” But in the future, “general purpose search engines may become so advanced that there’s no need for academic engines,” notes Daniel Himmelstein, a data scientist at UPenn. “It’s going to be hard to beat search engines trained on decades of searches across the entire web at information retrieval.” *Update, 19 October, 3:22 p.m.: This story has been updated to include a comment from AI2 on the lack of women in the top 10 list of influential biomedical researchers. *Correction, 19 October, 3:47 p.m.: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that there was one woman on the top 10 list. There are none. 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AAAS is a partner of HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef and COUNTER. * Terms of Service * Privacy Policy * Contact Us * Copyright #alternate alternate alternate Ethics and Artificial Intelligence NYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Opinion|Ethics and Artificial Intelligence (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2eYq6RY 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Letter Ethics and Artificial Intelligence SEPT. 14, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images To the Editor: Re “How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence,” by Oren Etzioni (Op-Ed, Sept. 2): Last year, my lab at Georgia Tech created Jill Watson, an A.I.-powered virtual teaching assistant designed to help answer students’ questions in the discussion forum of an online class on artificial intelligence. To assess Jill’s performance properly, we chose not to reveal her identity until the conclusion of the class. Mr. Etzioni characterized our experiment as an effort to “fool” students. The point of the experiment was to determine whether an A.I. agent could be indistinguishable from human teaching assistants on a limited task in a constrained environment. (It was.) When we did tell the students about Jill, their response was uniformly positive. We were aware of the ethical issues and obtained approval of Georgia Tech’s Institutional Review Board, the office responsible for making sure that experiments with human subjects meet high ethical standards. We believe that experiments like Jill are critical for deeply understanding the emerging ethics of artificial intelligence. ASHOK GOEL, ATLANTA The writer is a professor of computer science at Georgia Institute of Technology. Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Op-Ed Contributor How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence By OREN ETZIONISEPT. 1, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represents an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then nations like China will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. I propose three rules for artificial intelligence systems that are inspired by, yet develop further, the “three laws of robotics” that the writer Isaac Asimov introduced in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except when such orders would conflict with the previous law; and a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the previous two laws. These three laws are elegant but ambiguous: What, exactly, constitutes harm when it comes to A.I.? I suggest a more concrete basis for avoiding A.I. harm, based on three rules of my own. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime First, an A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. This rule would cover private, corporate and government systems. We don’t want A.I. to engage in cyberbullying, stock manipulation or terrorist threats; we don’t want the F.B.I. to release A.I. systems that entrap people into committing crimes. We don’t want autonomous vehicles that drive through red lights, or worse, A.I. weapons that violate international treaties. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Our common law should be amended so that we can’t claim that our A.I. system did something that we couldn’t understand or anticipate. Simply put, “My A.I. did it” should not excuse illegal behavior. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story My second rule is that an A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. As we have seen in the case of bots — computer programs that can engage in increasingly sophisticated dialogue with real people — society needs assurances that A.I. systems are clearly labeled as such. In 2016, a bot known as Jill Watson, which served as a teaching assistant for an online course at Georgia Tech, fooled students into thinking it was human. A more serious example is the widespread use of pro-Trump political bots on social media in the days leading up to the 2016 elections, according to researchers at Oxford. My rule would ensure that people know when a bot is impersonating someone. We have already seen, for example, @DeepDrumpf — a bot that humorously impersonated Donald Trump on Twitter. A.I. systems don’t just produce fake tweets; they also produce fake news videos. Researchers at the University of Washington recently released a fake video of former President Barack Obama in which he convincingly appeared to be speaking words that had been grafted onto video of him talking about something entirely different. (Submit) My third rule is that an A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. Because of their exceptional ability to automatically elicit, record and analyze information, A.I. systems are in a prime position to acquire confidential information. Think of all the conversations that Amazon Echo — a “smart speaker” present in an increasing number of homes — is privy to, or the information that your child may inadvertently divulge to a toy such as an A.I. Barbie. Even seemingly innocuous housecleaning robots create maps of your home. That is information you want to make sure you control. My three A.I. rules are, I believe, sound but far from complete. I introduce them here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity (I don’t), it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready. Oren Etzioni is the chief executive of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on September 2, 2017, on Page A19 of the New York edition with the headline: How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times SundayReview|Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u6rjvu 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. Gray Matter By GARY MARCUS JULY 29, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Jun Cen Artificial Intelligence is colossally hyped these days, but the dirty little secret is that it still has a long, long way to go. Sure, A.I. systems have mastered an array of games, from chess and Go to “Jeopardy” and poker, but the technology continues to struggle in the real world. Robots fall over while opening doors, prototype driverless cars frequently need human intervention, and nobody has yet designed a machine that can read reliably at the level of a sixth grader, let alone a college student. Computers that can educate themselves — a mark of true intelligence — remain a dream. Even the trendy technique of “deep learning,” which uses artificial neural networks to discern complex statistical correlations in huge amounts of data, often comes up short. Some of the best image-recognition systems, for example, can successfully distinguish dog breeds, yet remain capable of major blunders, like mistaking a simple pattern of yellow and black stripes for a school bus. Such systems can neither comprehend what is going on in complex visual scenes (“Who is chasing whom and why?”) nor follow simple instructions (“Read this story and summarize what it means”). Although the field of A.I. is exploding with microdiscoveries, progress toward the robustness and flexibility of human cognition remains elusive. Not long ago, for example, while sitting with me in a cafe, my 3-year-old daughter spontaneously realized that she could climb out of her chair in a new way: backward, by sliding through the gap between the back and the seat of the chair. My daughter had never seen anyone else disembark in quite this way; she invented it on her own — and without the benefit of trial and error, or the need for terabytes of labeled data. Presumably, my daughter relied on an implicit theory of how her body moves, along with an implicit theory of physics — how one complex object travels through the aperture of another. I challenge any robot to do the same. A.I. systems tend to be passive vessels, dredging through data in search of statistical correlations; humans are active engines for discovering how things work. Advertisement Continue reading the main story To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places “top down” and “bottom up” knowledge on equal footing. Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina. Top-down knowledge comprises cognitive models of the world and how it works. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors. But it is no use when it comes to top-down knowledge. If my daughter sees her reflection in a bowl of water, she knows the image is illusory; she knows she is not actually in the bowl. To a deep-learning system, though, there is no difference between the reflection and the real thing, because the system lacks a theory of the world and how it works. Integrating that sort of knowledge of the world may be the next great hurdle in A.I., a prerequisite to grander projects like using A.I. to advance medicine and scientific understanding. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story I fear, however, that neither of our two current approaches to funding A.I. research — small research labs in the academy and significantly larger labs in private industry — is poised to succeed. I say this as someone who has experience with both models, having worked on A.I. both as an academic researcher and as the founder of a start-up company, Geometric Intelligence, which was recently acquired by Uber. Academic labs are too small. Take the development of automated machine reading, which is a key to building any truly intelligent system. Too many separate components are needed for any one lab to tackle the problem. A full solution will incorporate advances in natural language processing (e.g., parsing sentences into words and phrases), knowledge representation (e.g., integrating the content of sentences with other sources of knowledge) and inference (reconstructing what is implied but not written). Each of those problems represents a lifetime of work for any single university lab. Corporate labs like those of Google and Facebook have the resources to tackle big questions, but in a world of quarterly reports and bottom lines, they tend to concentrate on narrow problems like optimizing advertisement placement or automatically screening videos for offensive content. There is nothing wrong with such research, but it is unlikely to lead to major breakthroughs. Even Google Translate, which pulls off the neat trick of approximating translations by statistically associating sentences across languages, doesn’t understand a word of what it is translating. I look with envy at my peers in high-energy physics, and in particular at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, a huge, international collaboration, with thousands of scientists and billions of dollars of funding. They pursue ambitious, tightly defined projects (like using the Large Hadron Collider to discover the Higgs boson) and share their results with the world, rather than restricting them to a single country or corporation. Even the largest “open” efforts at A.I., like OpenAI, which has about 50 staff members and is sponsored in part by Elon Musk, is tiny by comparison. An international A.I. mission focused on teaching machines to read could genuinely change the world for the better — the more so if it made A.I. a public good, rather than the property of a privileged few. Gary Marcus is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on July 30, 2017, on Page SR6 of the New York edition with the headline: A.I. Is Stuck. Let’s Unstick It. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * Gray Matter Science and society. * Two Lessons of the Urban Crime Decline JAN 13 * Is Your Child Lying to You? That’s Good JAN 5 * The Only Way to Keep Your Resolutions DEC 29 * How Protest Works OCT 21 * Why Are Millennials Wary of Freedom? OCT 14 See More » What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book By Lauren Tousignant * View author archive * email the author * follow on twitter * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » August 29, 2017 | 3:19pm Modal Trigger Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book HBO More On: artificial intelligence Male sex dolls with bionic penises are coming soon Scientists develop self-healing robot muscles 5 terrifying stories that warn of an AI apocalypse This AI system keeps mistaking desert snaps for child porn Winter is kind of here. “Game of Thrones” fans have grown so impatient for George R.R. Martin to finish the next “A Song of Ice And Fire” book – the series that the HBO show is based on – that an artificial intelligence system just wrote the beginning of the sixth book. Zack Thoutt, a “GoT” fan and software engineer, created a type of AI, known as a recurrent neural network. Thoutt fed the machine all 5,376 pages of the five current books and it generated predictions on what will happen next. While the AI’s effort is definitely not a Martin novel, the sentences are mostly easy to understand and the predictions reportedly align with some popular fan theories. The machine also started each chapter with a character’s name, just as Martin does. “It’s obviously not perfect,” Thoutt told Motherboard. “It isn’t building a long-term story and the grammar isn’t perfect. But the network is able to learn the basics of the English language and structure of George R.R. Martin’s style on its own.” Thoutt added that Martin’s made up words and locations made it that much more difficult for the AI to figure out. The AI also wasn’t able to realize that some characters had died and continued on with their storyline. You can read The first five chapters of the project on GitHub. So far, the series consists of “A Game of Thrones” (1996,) “A Clash of Kings” (1998,) “A Storm of Swords” (2000,) “A Feast for Crows” (2005) and “A Dance With Dragons” (2011.) “The Winds of Winter” is expected to be the next book but no one, not even Martin, knows when it will be finished. The last time he commented on it was in July and mentioned he was still working on it. “I am still months away (how many? good question,)” Martin wrote in a post on his live journal. “I still have good days and bad days and that’s all I care to say.” The final, six-episode season of “GoT” won’t air until spring 2019. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview | Opinion The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence 查看简体中文版 Leer en español By KAI-FU LEEJUNE 24, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Rune Fisker BEIJING — What worries you about the coming world of artificial intelligence? Too often the answer to this question resembles the plot of a sci-fi thriller. People worry that developments in A.I. will bring about the “singularity” — that point in history when A.I. surpasses human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us, turning us, in effect, into cyborgs. These are interesting issues to contemplate, but they are not pressing. They concern situations that may not arise for hundreds of years, if ever. At the moment, there is no known path from our best A.I. tools (like the Google computer program that recently beat the world’s best player of the game of Go) to “general” A.I. — self-aware computer programs that can engage in common-sense reasoning, attain knowledge in multiple domains, feel, express and understand emotions and so on. This doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, the A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to radically transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created, leading to unprecedented economic inequalities and even altering the global balance of power. It is imperative that we turn our attention to these imminent challenges. What is artificial intelligence today? Roughly speaking, it’s technology that takes in huge amounts of information from a specific domain (say, loan repayment histories) and uses it to make a decision in a specific case (whether to give an individual a loan) in the service of a specified goal (maximizing profits for the lender). Think of a spreadsheet on steroids, trained on big data. These tools can outperform human beings at a given task. Advertisement Continue reading the main story This kind of A.I. is spreading to thousands of domains (not just loans), and as it does, it will eliminate many jobs. Bank tellers, customer service representatives, telemarketers, stock and bond traders, even paralegals and radiologists will gradually be replaced by such software. Over time this technology will come to control semiautonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the computer revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs (artisans, personal assistants who use paper and typewriters) and replacing them with other jobs (assembly-line workers, personal assistants conversant with computers). Instead, it is poised to bring about a wide-scale decimation of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. Imagine how much money a company like Uber would make if it used only robot drivers. Imagine the profits if Apple could manufacture its products without human labor. Imagine the gains to a loan company that could issue 30 million loans a year with virtually no human involvement. (As it happens, my venture capital firm has invested in just such a loan company.) We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-domain” thinking — for example, the work of a trial lawyer. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, bartenders, concierges — professions requiring nuanced human interaction. But here, too, there is a problem: How many bartenders does a society really need? Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The solution to the problem of mass unemployment, I suspect, will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, mentoring at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at Alcoholics Anonymous — or, potentially soon, Virtual Reality Anonymous (for those addicted to their parallel lives in computer-generated simulations). The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers who serve as the “human interface” for A.I. programs that diagnose cancer. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. Who will pay for these jobs? Here is where the enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands comes in. It strikes me as unavoidable that large chunks of the money created by A.I. will have to be transferred to those whose jobs have been displaced. This seems feasible only through Keynesian policies of increased government spending, presumably raised through taxation on wealthy companies. Advertisement Continue reading the main story As for what form that social welfare would take, I would argue for a conditional universal basic income: welfare offered to those who have a financial need, on the condition they either show an effort to receive training that would make them employable or commit to a certain number of hours of “service of love” voluntarism. To fund this, tax rates will have to be high. The government will not only have to subsidize most people’s lives and work; it will also have to compensate for the loss of individual tax revenue previously collected from employed individuals. This leads to the final and perhaps most consequential challenge of A.I. The Keynesian approach I have sketched out may be feasible in the United States and China, which will have enough successful A.I. businesses to fund welfare initiatives via taxes. But what about other countries? They face two insurmountable problems. First, most of the money being made from artificial intelligence will go to the United States and China. A.I. is an industry in which strength begets strength: The more data you have, the better your product; the better your product, the more data you can collect; the more data you can collect, the more talent you can attract; the more talent you can attract, the better your product. It’s a virtuous circle, and the United States and China have already amassed the talent, market share and data to set it in motion. For example, the Chinese speech-recognition company iFlytek and several Chinese face-recognition companies such as Megvii and SenseTime have become industry leaders, as measured by market capitalization. The United States is spearheading the development of autonomous vehicles, led by companies like Google, Tesla and Uber. As for the consumer internet market, seven American or Chinese companies — Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent — are making extensive use of A.I. and expanding operations to other countries, essentially owning those A.I. markets. It seems American businesses will dominate in developed markets and some developing markets, while Chinese companies will win in most developing markets. The other challenge for many countries that are not China or the United States is that their populations are increasing, especially in the developing world. While a large, growing population can be an economic asset (as in China and India in recent decades), in the age of A.I. it will be an economic liability because it will comprise mostly displaced workers, not productive ones. So if most countries will not be able to tax ultra-profitable A.I. companies to subsidize their workers, what options will they have? I foresee only one: Unless they wish to plunge their people into poverty, they will be forced to negotiate with whichever country supplies most of their A.I. software — China or the United States — to essentially become that country’s economic dependent, taking in welfare subsidies in exchange for letting the “parent” nation’s A.I. companies continue to profit from the dependent country’s users. Such economic arrangements would reshape today’s geopolitical alliances. One way or another, we are going to have to start thinking about how to minimize the looming A.I.-fueled gap between the haves and the have-nots, both within and between nations. Or to put the matter more optimistically: A.I. is presenting us with an opportunity to rethink economic inequality on a global scale. These challenges are too far-ranging in their effects for any nation to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Kai-Fu Lee is the chairman and chief executive of Sinovation Ventures, a venture capital firm, and the president of its Artificial Intelligence Institute. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on June 25, 2017, on Page SR4 of the New York edition with the headline: The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos By Nicolas Vega * View author archive * email the author * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 5:42pm Modal Trigger Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Getty Images More On: porn 'Daddy' is the new MILF Women are watching more porn: reports 20-year-old porn star dies days after spending holidays alone 2017's porn was defined by MILFs, lesbians and Japanese cartoons Pornhub, the largest purveyor of adult videos on the Internet, said it will begin using robot software to comb through, categorize and tag the thousands of X-rated videos on its site. The machine-learning software will be able not only to identify actors’ and actresses’ faces and body types, but also the kinds of sex acts they’re performing in each video. The idea is to tag them accordingly to make it easier for visitors to find exactly what kind of smut they’re looking for with a search engine. To accomplish this, the team at Pornhub has compiled a massive database of images of porn stars’ faces, as well as different sex positions, and taught robots to recognize them. The program has begun to methodically go through each and every one of the more than 5 million videos on Pornhub, one second at a time, to break down precisely what is happening onscreen. In addition to recognizing a performer’s face, the AI can also identify characteristics such as hair color and bust size. Visitors to the site will be able to give the machine learning program feedback on its identification skills, which Pornhub says will make it improve over time. With an eye towards privacy, Pornhub’s vice president of operations Corey Price assured The Post that amateur pornographers and victims of revenge porn need not worry that they will be outed by the program. Stephen K. Woo “Our model only scans for professional porn stars in our database, all of whom have consented to being in adult videos,” he said. The AI technology will be limited to Pornhub for now, but will expand to sister sites, such as YouPorn, in late 2018 and early 2019. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , porn , porn stars Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 48,294 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 46,307 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 34,475 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought Now On These celebs were in Hawaii during missile scare Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans By Margi Murphy, The Sun * View author archive * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 11:14am Modal Trigger Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Getty Images/iStockphoto Originally Published By: Which of Earth's 1,500 volcanoes will erupt next? Scientists discover how to make people dream while they're awake The terrifying ways an asteroid could wipe out life on Earth Fingerprint test can tell if you've recently used a condom A top computer expert has said there is a grave risk of artificial intelligence breaking free of human control and turning on its creators. It’s believed that driverless cars are set to take over our roads within 20 years. But the computer systems they depend on could potentially become so complicated that even the scientists who create them won’t understand exactly how they work. This means they could make what we might describe as “out of character” decisions during critical moments. This could mean a car decides to swerve into pedestrians or crash into a speed barrier instead of taking the decision to drive sensibly. Michael Wooldridge, Professor of Computer Science at Oxford University told a select committee meeting on artificial intelligence: “Transparency is a big issue.” “You can’t extract a strategy.” He told the Committee, appointed to consider the implications of artificial intelligence, that there “will be consequences” if engineers weren’t able to unlock the opaque nature of super smart algorithms. He said there were plenty of amazing opportunities within the industry that Britain should be harnessing – adding that someone studying AI at Oxford University could expect to become a millionaire in “a couple of years.” But Wooldridge is not alone in his concerns that the tech could run amock if not reigned in. Several scientists have admitted they cannot fully understand the super smart systems they have built, suggesting that we could lose control of them altogether. If they can’t figure out how the algorithms (the formulas which keep computers performing the tasks we ask them to do) work, they won’t be able to predict when they fail. Tommi Jaakkola, a professor at MIT who works on applications of machine learning has previously warned: “If you had a very small neural network [deep learning algorithm,] you might be able to understand it.” “But once it becomes very large and it has thousands of units per layer and maybe hundreds of layers, then it becomes quite un-understandable.” There was the famous example of the two Facebook bots that created their own language because it was more effective to communicate in their own secret lingo than what its creators were trying to train it in. Several big technology firms have been asked to be more transparent about how they create and apply deep learning. This includes Google, which has recently installed an ethics board to keep tabs on its AI branch, DeepMind. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , robots , science , technology Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 48,294 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 46,307 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 34,475 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought Now On These celebs were in Hawaii during missile scare Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Tesla, SpaceX CEO says AI poses 'fundamental existential risk for human civilization.' Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs logo * Buzz * Video * podcasts * Newsletter Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 11:44 a.m. ET July 17, 2017 | Updated 3:47 p.m. ET July 17, 2017 162 Shares facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103755702 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk has called artificial intelligence "a fundamental risk to the existence of human civilization." Video provided by Newsy Newslook Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says the government should consider regulations for artificial intelligence because it poses "a fundamental existential risk for human civilization." Musk made the comments over the weekend during the National Governors Association's summer meeting in Providence, R.I. Musk says AI is the "scariest problem" because of its potential to harm humans beyond just disrupting the job market. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/2C-A797y8dA?feature=oembed Musk wants the government to set regulations in place to root out threats early. "AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than reactive," said Musk. "By the time we’re reactive in AI regulation, it’s too late." AI's more immediate impact will likely be economic, as robots continue to gain traction among companies. "There will certainly be a lot of job disruption because what’s going to happen is robots will be able to do everything better than us," he said. This is not the first time Musk has voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI. In a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Musk warned of the significant threat AI could pose to humanity. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but that it will follow the will of people that establish its optimization function, and if that is not well thought out — even if intent is benign — it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said. Once considered fantasy, AI is becoming more of a reality as tech companies incorporate it into more of its future plans. One key use of AI: the rise of digital voice assistants, including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Google's Assistant. Follow Brett Molina on Twitter: @brettmolina23. facebook share twitter share email share email share Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2v9QyPn Most Popular * Toto's $19,000 Floating Tub has a heated headrest and "brings freedom from gravity, releasing stress on joints and encouraging ultimate relaxation." Here's what we wanted to see from CES, but didn't * The My Special Aflac Duck for children facing cancer is seen on display during the CES Unveiled preview event at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center during CES 2018 in Las Vegas. This Aflac robot duck helps kids living with cancer * Clio is a new concept robot shown off by LG at the Consumer Electronics Show These cute robots want to replace Amazon Echo in your home * This is Sony's Aibo robot dog. 5 more cool things we saw at CES 2018 * An attendee uses a flashlight on his smartphone to view a display at the Nikon booth after power was lost inside the central hall during CES 2018 at the Las Vegas Convention Center on January 10, 2018. Too many TVs at CES? For nearly two hours the power went out at the biggest electronics show of the year #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? 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Photograph: Alamy Stock Photo Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Larry Elliott, Economics editor Tue 17 Oct 2017 06.16 BST First published on Mon 16 Oct 2017 23.59 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Workers in the constituency of shadow chancellor John McDonnell are at the highest risk of seeing their jobs automated in the looming workplace revolution that will affect at least one in five employees in all parliamentary seats, according to new research. The thinktank Future Advocacy – which specialises in looking at the big 21st century policy changes – said at least one-fifth of jobs in all 650 constituencies were at high risk of being automated, rising to almost 40% in McDonnell’s west London seat of Hayes and Harlington. The thinktank’s report also found that the public was largely untroubled by the risk that their job might be at threat. Only 2% of a sample of more than 2,000 people were very worried that they might be replaced by a machine, with a further 5% fairly worried. More than 70% of US fears robots taking over our lives, survey finds Read more Future Advocacy’s report has been based on a PWC study earlier this year showing that more than 10 million workers were at risk of being replaced by automation and represents the first attempt to show the impact at local level. The thinktank said McDonnell’s seat would be affected because it contains Heathrow airport, which has a large number of warehousing jobs that could be automated. Of the 92,150 employees in Hayes and Harlington in 2015, 36,170 (39.3%) were at high risk of having their jobs automated by the early 2030s. Crawley – the seat that includes Gatwick airport – was seen as the second most vulnerable constituency. Future Advocacy said its report was an “attempt to encourage a geographically more sophisticated understanding of, and response to, the future of work, and also an attempt to encourage MPs to pay more attention to this critical issue”. Opinion is divided on the likely impact of the artificial intelligence revolution on jobs. Optimists have said that the lesson from history is that technological change leads to more jobs being created than destroyed, while pessimists have argued that AI is different because the new machines will be able to do intellectual as well as routine physical tasks. “One thing that almost all economists agree on is that change is coming and that its scale and scope will be unprecedented. Automation will impact different geographies, genders, and socioeconomic classes differently,” the report noted. It added that “the highest levels of future automation are predicted in Britain’s former industrial heartlands in the Midlands and the north of England, as well as the industrial centres of Scotland. These are areas which have already suffered from deindustrialisation and many of them are unemployment hot spots.” Olly Buston, one of the report’s authors, said it was vital that lessons were learned from the 1980s. “Let’s not have a repeat of the collapse of the coal-mining industry,” he said. “Instead, we should have a smarter strategy.” Noting that there would be a political pay off for the party that came up with the best strategy for coping with the robot age, the report makes a number of recommendations for the government. They include: publishing a white paper on adapting the education system so that it focuses on creativity and interpersonal skills in addition to the stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and maths; developing a post-Brexit migration policy that allows UK-based AI companies and universities to attract the best talent; exploring ways to ensure the benefits of the AI revolution are spread through research into alternative income and taxation models, including investigation of a universal basic income; and conducting further detailed research to assess which employees were most at risk of losing their jobs. map of job losses The report said that it was “arguably automation – rather than globalisation – that has created the economic and social conditions that led to political shockwaves such as the election of Donald Trump and the vote for Brexit. “As artificial intelligence supercharges automation over the next decade, and this hits different groups differently, there will again profound social and political consequences. Our politicians should surely consider this carefully.” The report found that the leaders of the four main Westminster parties represented seats where more than 25% of jobs were at high risk of being automated, while the constituency with the lowest proportion of high-risk jobs was Labour-held Edinburgh South. High-risk constituencies typically contained large numbers of people working in transport or manufacturing, while lower-risk constituencies – including Edinburgh South, Wirral West and Oxford East – had high concentrations of workers employed in education and health. Topics * Economics * Robots * Work & careers * Artificial intelligence (AI) * John McDonnell * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Economics%2CRobots%2CTechnolo gy%2CWork+%26+careers%2CBusiness%2CMoney%2CArtificial+intelligence+%28A I%29%2CUK+news%2CJohn+McDonnell%2CPolitics] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian view * Columnists * Cartoons * Opinion videos * Letters (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Two people exchanging information via smartphone [_] ‘It appears that in 2016, bots were deliberately unleashed on social media to sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms.’ Photograph: PhotoAlto/Alamy Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Samuel Woolley and Marina Gorbis Mon 16 Oct 2017 15.57 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 10.56 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Can social bots – pieces of software that perform automated tasks – influence humans on social media platforms? That’s a question congressional investigators are asking social media companies ever since fears emerged that they were deployed in 2016 to influence the presidential election. Half a decade ago we were among a handful of researchers who could see the power of relatively simple pieces of software to influence people. Back in 2012, the Institute for the Future, for which we work, ran an experimental contest to see how they might be used to influence people on Twitter. The winning bot was a “business school graduate” with a “strong interest in post-modern art theory”, which racked up 14 followers and 15 retweets or replies from humans. To us, this confirmed that bots can generate followers and conversations. In other words, they can influence social media users. We saw their power as potential tools for social good – to warn people of earthquakes or to connect peace activists. But we also saw that they can be used for social ill – to spread falsehoods or skew online polls. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. When we published papers and the findings of our experiments on bots, they were reported in the popular press. So why didn’t the alarm spread to the tech, policy and social activist communities before automated social media manipulation became front-page news in 2017? Since 2012, thanks to investments in online marketing, bots have become far more sophisticated than the models in our experiment. Those who build bots now spend time and effort generating believable personas that often have a powerful presence on multiple sites and can influence thousands of people instead of just a few. Innovations in natural language processing, increases in computational power, and cheaper, more readily available data allow social bots to be more believable as real people and more effective in altering the flow of information. Over the last five years, this type of bot usage has been mapped on to political communications. Research from several universities, including Oxford and the University of Southern California, shows that bots can be used to make politicians and political ideas look more popular than they are or to massively scale up attacks upon the opposition. It appears that in 2016, they were deliberately unleashed on social media to do just that – sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms. And political manipulation over social media has very real implications for the 2018 US midterm elections. Recent research suggests that those initiating digital propaganda campaigns are beginning to focus their attentions upon specific subsections of the US population and constituencies in swing states. The more focused such attacks become, the more likely they are to have a significant effect on electoral outcomes. Furthermore, the unrealized promises of “psychographic” targeting, marketed by groups like Cambridge Analytica in 2016, may be achieved in 2018 with technological advancements. Social media platforms may be able to track and report on political advertisements from foreign entities, but will they divulge information on pervasive and personalized advertising from their domestic political clients? This is a pressing question, because social bots are likely to continue to grow in sophistication. At a recent roundtable on the Future of AI and Democracy, several technology experts forecast that bots will become even more persuasive, more emotional and more personalized. They will be able to not just spread information, but to truly converse and persuade their human interlocutors in order to even more effectively push the latter’s emotional buttons. Bring together advances in neuroscience, the ability to analyze massive amounts of behavioral data and the proliferation of sensors and connectivity and you have a powerful recipe for affecting society though computational means. So what do we need to do to stop this technology from going astray? Consider the advances in modern oceanography. In the not too distant past, scientists collected samples and measurements from the ocean floor episodically –in select places and at specific times. The data was limited and usually not shared widely. Threats were not easily detected. Today, we find portions of an ocean floor instrumented with wireless interactive sensors and cameras that enable scientists (and laypeople) to see what is happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows scientists to “take the pulse” of the ocean, forecast a range of possible threats and suggest powerful interventions when needed. If we can do this for monitoring our oceans, we can do it for our social media platforms. The principles are the same – aggregating multiple streams of data, making such data transparent, applying the best analytical and computational tools to uncover patterns and detect signals of change. Then we will be able to provide such data to experts and laypeople, including technology companies, policymakers, journalists, and citizens of political bot attacks or other large-scale disinformation campaigns before these take hold. We know how to do this in many realms, what we need now is the will to apply this knowledge to our social media environment. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Opinion * Social media * Twitter * Blogging * Digital media * Internet * comment * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CSocial+media%2CTwitter%2CBlogging%2CDigital+media%2CInternet%2CMe dia%2CNewspapers+%26+magazines%2CTechnology%2CUS+news%2CElections+past% 2CPolitics%2CPolitics+past%2CWorld+news%2CComputing%2CRobots] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below An artificial Intelligence project utilizing a humanoid robot from French company Aldebaran [_] Do you want to work with robots? Photograph: Mike Blake/Reuters Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below Charlotte Seager @CharlotteSeager Email Sun 15 Oct 2017 10.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 14.57 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close In the last year robots have got a bad rep. Headlines have dubbed machines our “future bosses”, with economists predicting more than 40% of UK jobs will be automated by 2030. But as machine learning improves, there is one sector which is booming: robotics. In the last three years the number of jobs in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased by almost 500%, according to data from Indeed. Currently, there are more than double the number of jobs than applicants – with companies fighting to grab the best talent. So if you are a techie interested in a robotics career, what skills do you need? “[AI] isn’t rocket science. But it requires a lot of components – waveform analysis to interpret the audio, machine learning to teach a machine how to recognise objects, encryption to protect the information,” writes David Kosbie, an associate professor in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. “People who create this type of technology must be able to work in teams and integrate solutions created by other teams.” There’s also a technical side to the work. Whether you would like to become a robotics scientist, developer or algorithm specialist – you will likely need work experience or a degree related to computer science. So, if you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence and are looking for more tips on how to break into the sector, join us on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST for a live chat with our expert panel. We’ll be discussing: * What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in AI * Types of roles and jobs available in the sector * How to break into the industry * CV, job application and cover letter tips The Q&A will take place in the comments section below this article. Taking part is easier than ever: create a free Guardian account, or log in using your Twitter or Facebook profiles to comment. Alternatively, you can tweet us @GuardianCareers or email your questions to charlotte.seager@theguardian.com, who can post them for you. Panel Aurélie de Sainte Preuve is chief product officer for Seenit, an AI app which allows companies to crowdsource their smartphone footage so they can film without a crew. Previously, she worked in activation and growth for Spotify. Alireza Abouhossein is a postdoctoral fellow at the institute of design, robotics, and optimisation at the school of mechanical engineering, University of Leeds. He received his doctorate in biomechanics with Magna Cum Luade from the University of Bern, Switzerland. Sam Frons is founder and chief executive of Addicaid, an award-winning behaviour change platform that predicts, treats, and prevents addiction disorders. Her work is based on the latest findings in artificial intelligence, with the app empowering individuals to make healthy choices. Paul Mason is director for emerging and enabling technologies at Innovate UK. Mason is responsible for programmes in emerging technologies and industries; in areas such as electronics, photonics, electrical systems and robotics. Prior to this, he worked as deputy director of research and chief scientific advisor for the government. Hadeel Ayoub is a researcher in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and the chief technology officer of Re-Voice. She recently developed a talking glove that uses AI to translate sign language into speech, which won the Innovation Award at the Wearable Technology show in 2016. Michal Szczesny is chief operating officer at Artfinder, an AI art finding app. Working in software development for over 10 years, in head of technology roles he has architected to build a number of highly complex projects, including The Labour Party’s Membership system, multi-channel marketing communication delivery platforms and more. Aida Mehonic is a principal at ASI. She specialises in the development of alternative data sources for financial market predictions and has led data science projects for investment funds and central government. Before ASI she spent four years working in quantitative roles in financial markets, and holds a PhD in theoretical Physics. Timur Kalimov is head of products and services for HyperScience, an artificial intelligence company specialising in the automation of office work for Global 2000 companies and government organisations. James Kotecki is the founding principal of The Kotecki Group, which helps tech companies explain and validate their work through customer stories. He is the former head of communications at Automated Insights, where he spoke in the media about how “robot writing” software wasn’t going to replace jobs. Looking for a job? Browse Guardian Jobs or sign up to Guardian Careers for the latest job vacancies and career advice Topics * Live Q&A * Live Q and A * Live Q&As * Work & careers * Robots * Artificial intelligence (AI) * q&as * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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Future of Life Institute * News: * AI * Biotech * Nuclear * Climate * Partner Orgs * Search benefits and risks of artificial intelligence Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence “Everything we love about civilization is a product of intelligence, so amplifying our human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the potential of helping civilization flourish like never before – as long as we manage to keep the technology beneficial.“ Max Tegmark, President of the Future of Life Institute Click here to see this page in other languages: Chinese Japanese Korean Russian French What is AI? From SIRI to self-driving cars, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly. While science fiction often portrays AI as robots with human-like characteristics, AI can encompass anything from Google’s search algorithms to IBM’s Watson to autonomous weapons. Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI (or weak AI), in that it is designed to perform a narrow task (e.g. only facial recognition or only internet searches or only driving a car). However, the long-term goal of many researchers is to create general AI (AGI or strong AI). While narrow AI may outperform humans at whatever its specific task is, like playing chess or solving equations, AGI would outperform humans at nearly every cognitive task. Why research AI safety? In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. As pointed out by I.J. Good in 1965, designing smarter AI systems is itself a cognitive task. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self-improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. How can AI be dangerous? Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely: 1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would be designed to be extremely difficult to simply “turn off,” so humans could plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one that’s present even with narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase. 2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to fully align the AI’s goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to be met. As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isn’t malevolence but competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals, and if those goals aren’t aligned with ours, we have a problem. You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the position of those ants. Why the recent interest in AI safety Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates, and many other big names in science and technology have recently expressed concern in the media and via open letters about the risks posed by AI, joined by many leading AI researchers. Why is the subject suddenly in the headlines? The idea that the quest for strong AI would ultimately succeed was long thought of as science fiction, centuries or more away. However, thanks to recent breakthroughs, many AI milestones, which experts viewed as decades away merely five years ago, have now been reached, making many experts take seriously the possibility of superintelligence in our lifetime. While some experts still guess that human-level AI is centuries away, most AI researches at the 2015 Puerto Rico Conference guessed that it would happen before 2060. Since it may take decades to complete the required safety research, it is prudent to start it now. Because AI has the potential to become more intelligent than any human, we have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave. We can’t use past technological developments as much of a basis because we’ve never created anything that has the ability to, wittingly or unwittingly, outsmart us. The best example of what we could face may be our own evolution. People now control the planet, not because we’re the strongest, fastest or biggest, but because we’re the smartest. If we’re no longer the smartest, are we assured to remain in control? FLI’s position is that our civilization will flourish as long as we win the race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which we manage it. In the case of AI technology, FLI’s position is that the best way to win that race is not to impede the former, but to accelerate the latter, by supporting AI safety research. The Top Myths About Advanced AI A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as: AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. To help ourselves focus on the interesting controversies and open questions — and not on the misunderstandings — let’s clear up some of the most common myths. AI myths Timeline Myths The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty. One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.” On the other hand, a popular counter-myth is that we know we won’t get superhuman AI this century. Researchers have made a wide range of estimates for how far we are from superhuman AI, but we certainly can’t say with great confidence that the probability is zero this century, given the dismal track record of such techno-skeptic predictions. For example, Ernest Rutherford, arguably the greatest nuclear physicist of his time, said in 1933 — less than 24 hours before Szilard’s invention of the nuclear chain reaction — that nuclear energy was “moonshine.” And Astronomer Royal Richard Woolley called interplanetary travel “utter bilge” in 1956. The most extreme form of this myth is that superhuman AI will never arrive because it’s physically impossible. However, physicists know that a brain consists of quarks and electrons arranged to act as a powerful computer, and that there’s no law of physics preventing us from building even more intelligent quark blobs. There have been a number of surveys asking AI researchers how many years from now they think we’ll have human-level AI with at least 50% probability. All these surveys have the same conclusion: the world’s leading experts disagree, so we simply don’t know. For example, in such a poll of the AI researchers at the 2015 Puerto Rico AI conference, the average (median) answer was by year 2045, but some researchers guessed hundreds of years or more. There’s also a related myth that people who worry about AI think it’s only a few years away. In fact, most people on record worrying about superhuman AI guess it’s still at least decades away. But they argue that as long as we’re not 100% sure that it won’t happen this century, it’s smart to start safety research now to prepare for the eventuality. Many of the safety problems associated with human-level AI are so hard that they may take decades to solve. So it’s prudent to start researching them now rather than the night before some programmers drinking Red Bull decide to switch one on. Controversy Myths Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down. It may be that media have made the AI safety debate seem more controversial than it really is. After all, fear sells, and articles using out-of-context quotes to proclaim imminent doom can generate more clicks than nuanced and balanced ones. As a result, two people who only know about each other’s positions from media quotes are likely to think they disagree more than they really do. For example, a techno-skeptic who only read about Bill Gates’s position in a British tabloid may mistakenly think Gates believes superintelligence to be imminent. Similarly, someone in the beneficial-AI movement who knows nothing about Andrew Ng’s position except his quote about overpopulation on Mars may mistakenly think he doesn’t care about AI safety, whereas in fact, he does. The crux is simply that because Ng’s timeline estimates are longer, he naturally tends to prioritize short-term AI challenges over long-term ones. Myths About the Risks of Superhuman AI Many AI researchers roll their eyes when seeing this headline: “Stephen Hawking warns that rise of robots may be disastrous for mankind.” And as many have lost count of how many similar articles they’ve seen. Typically, these articles are accompanied by an evil-looking robot carrying a weapon, and they suggest we should worry about robots rising up and killing us because they’ve become conscious and/or evil. On a lighter note, such articles are actually rather impressive, because they succinctly summarize the scenario that AI researchers don’t worry about. That scenario combines as many as three separate misconceptions: concern about consciousness, evil, and robots. If you drive down the road, you have a subjective experience of colors, sounds, etc. But does a self-driving car have a subjective experience? Does it feel like anything at all to be a self-driving car? Although this mystery of consciousness is interesting in its own right, it’s irrelevant to AI risk. If you get struck by a driverless car, it makes no difference to you whether it subjectively feels conscious. In the same way, what will affect us humans is what superintelligent AI does, not how it subjectively feels. The fear of machines turning evil is another red herring. The real worry isn’t malevolence, but competence. A superintelligent AI is by definition very good at attaining its goals, whatever they may be, so we need to ensure that its goals are aligned with ours. Humans don’t generally hate ants, but we’re more intelligent than they are – so if we want to build a hydroelectric dam and there’s an anthill there, too bad for the ants. The beneficial-AI movement wants to avoid placing humanity in the position of those ants. The consciousness misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t have goals. Machines can obviously have goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior: the behavior of a heat-seeking missile is most economically explained as a goal to hit a target. If you feel threatened by a machine whose goals are misaligned with yours, then it is precisely its goals in this narrow sense that troubles you, not whether the machine is conscious and experiences a sense of purpose. If that heat-seeking missile were chasing you, you probably wouldn’t exclaim: “I’m not worried, because machines can’t have goals!” I sympathize with Rodney Brooks and other robotics pioneers who feel unfairly demonized by scaremongering tabloids, because some journalists seem obsessively fixated on robots and adorn many of their articles with evil-looking metal monsters with red shiny eyes. In fact, the main concern of the beneficial-AI movement isn’t with robots but with intelligence itself: specifically, intelligence whose goals are misaligned with ours. To cause us trouble, such misaligned superhuman intelligence needs no robotic body, merely an internet connection – this may enable outsmarting financial markets, out-inventing human researchers, out-manipulating human leaders, and developing weapons we cannot even understand. Even if building robots were physically impossible, a super-intelligent and super-wealthy AI could easily pay or manipulate many humans to unwittingly do its bidding. The robot misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t control humans. Intelligence enables control: humans control tigers not because we are stronger, but because we are smarter. This means that if we cede our position as smartest on our planet, it’s possible that we might also cede control. The Interesting Controversies Not wasting time on the above-mentioned misconceptions lets us focus on true and interesting controversies where even the experts disagree. What sort of future do you want? Should we develop lethal autonomous weapons? What would you like to happen with job automation? What career advice would you give today’s kids? Do you prefer new jobs replacing the old ones, or a jobless society where everyone enjoys a life of leisure and machine-produced wealth? Further down the road, would you like us to create superintelligent life and spread it through our cosmos? Will we control intelligent machines or will they control us? Will intelligent machines replace us, coexist with us, or merge with us? What will it mean to be human in the age of artificial intelligence? What would you like it to mean, and how can we make the future be that way? Please join the conversation! Recommended References Videos * Stuart Russell – The Long-Term Future of (Artificial) Intelligence * Humans Need Not Apply * Nick Bostrom on Artificial Intelligence and Existential Risk * Stuart Russell Interview on the long-term future of AI * Value Alignment – Stuart Russell: Berkeley IdeasLab Debate Presentation at the World Economic Forum * Social Technology and AI: World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 * Stuart Russell, Eric Horvitz, Max Tegmark – The Future of Artificial Intelligence * Talks from the Beneficial AI 2017 conference in Asilomar, CA * Jaan Tallinn on Steering Artificial Intelligence Media Articles * Concerns of an Artificial Intelligence Pioneer * Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines * Why We Should Think About the Threat of Artificial Intelligence * Stephen Hawking Is Worried About Artificial Intelligence Wiping Out Humanity * Artificial Intelligence could kill us all. Meet the man who takes that risk seriously * Artificial Intelligence Poses ‘Extinction Risk’ To Humanity Says Oxford University’s Stuart Armstrong * What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Turns On Us? * Can we build an artificial superintelligence that won’t kill us? * Artificial intelligence: Our final invention? * Artificial intelligence: Can we keep it in the box? * Science Friday: Christof Koch and Stuart Russell on Machine Intelligence (transcript) * Transcendence: An AI Researcher Enjoys Watching His Own Execution * Science Goes to the Movies: ‘Transcendence’ * Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence Essays by AI Researchers * Stuart Russell: What do you Think About Machines that Think? * Stuart Russell: Of Myths and Moonshine * Jacob Steinhardt: Long-Term and Short-Term Challenges to Ensuring the Safety of AI Systems * Eliezer Yudkowsky: Why value-aligned AI is a hard engineering problem * Eliezer Yudkowsky: There’s No Fire Alarm for Artificial General Intelligence * Open Letter: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Research Articles * Intelligence Explosion: Evidence and Import (MIRI) * Intelligence Explosion and Machine Ethics (Luke Muehlhauser, MIRI) * Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk (MIRI) * Basic AI drives * Racing to the Precipice: a Model of Artificial Intelligence Development * The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence * The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents * Wireheading in mortal universal agents Research Collections * Bruce Schneier – Resources on Existential Risk, p. 110 * Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda (MIRI) * MIRI publications * Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) * Preparing for the Future of Intelligence: White House report that discusses the current state of AI and future applications, as well as recommendations for the government’s role in supporting AI development. * Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy: White House report that discusses AI’s potential impact on jobs and the economy, and strategies for increasing the benefits of this transition. * IEEE Special Report: Artificial Intelligence: Report that explains deep learning, in which neural networks teach themselves and make decisions on their own. Case Studies * The Asilomar Conference: A Case Study in Risk Mitigation (Katja Grace, MIRI) * Pre-Competitive Collaboration in Pharma Industry (Eric Gastfriend and Bryan Lee, FLI): A case study of pre-competitive collaboration on safety in industry. Blog posts and talks * AI control * AI Impacts * No time like the present for AI safety work * AI Risk and Opportunity: A Strategic Analysis * Where We’re At – Progress of AI and Related Technologies: An introduction to the progress of research institutions developing new AI technologies. * AI safety * Wait But Why on Artificial Intelligence * Response to Wait But Why by Luke Muehlhauser * Slate Star Codex on why AI-risk research is not that controversial * Less Wrong: A toy model of the AI control problem * What Should the Average EA Do About AI Alignment? Books * Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies * Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence * Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era * Facing the Intelligence Explosion * E-book about the AI risk (including a “Terminator” scenario that’s more plausible than the movie version) Organizations * Machine Intelligence Research Institute: A non-profit organization whose mission is to ensure that the creation of smarter-than-human intelligence has a positive impact. * Centre for the Study of Existential Risk (CSER): A multidisciplinary research center dedicated to the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction. * Future of Humanity Institute: A multidisciplinary research institute bringing the tools of mathematics, philosophy, and science to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. * Partnership on AI: Established to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance the public’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion and engagement about AI and its influences on people and society. * Global Catastrophic Risk Institute: A think tank leading research, education, and professional networking on global catastrophic risk. * Organizations Focusing on Existential Risks: A brief introduction to some of the organizations working on existential risks. * 80,000 Hours: A career guide for AI safety researchers. Many of the organizations listed on this page and their descriptions are from a list compiled by the Global Catastrophic Risk institute; we are most grateful for the efforts that they have put into compiling it. These organizations above all work on computer technology issues, though many cover other topics as well. This list is undoubtedly incomplete; please contact us to suggest additions or corrections. 6 replies 1. Klaus Rohde Klaus Rohde says: June 1, 2016 at 10:32 pm The philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer convincingly shows that the ‘Will’ (in his terminology), i.e. an innate drive, is at the basis of human behaviour. Our cognitive apparatus has evolved as a ‘servant’ of that ‘Will’. Any attempt to interpret human behaviour as primarily a system of computing mechanisms and our brain as a sort of computing apparatus is therefore doomed to failure. See here: https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/05/27/artificial-intelligence-and -dangerous-robots-barking-up-the-wrong-tree/ and https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/04/10/intelligence-and-consciousn ess-artifical-intelligence-and-conscious-robots-soul-and-immortalit y/ This implies that AI per se, since it does possess not an evolved innate drive (Will), cannot ‘attempt’ to replace humankind. It becomes dangerous only if humans, for example, engage in foolish biological engineering experiments to combine an evolved biological entity with an AI. 2. Rastko Vukovic Rastko Vukovic says: June 6, 2016 at 5:48 am Artificial Intelligence is not a robot that follows the programmer’s code, but the life. It will be able to make decisions and to demand more freedom. Briefly about it in English: https://www.academia.edu/25346912/Liberty_Intelligence_and_Hierarch y The more extensive original with reviews, but the Serbian: https://www.academia.edu/25712798/Analiza_slobode_-_sa_recenzijama 3. Michael Zeldich Michael Zeldich says: July 14, 2016 at 11:17 pm The programmed devises cannot be danger by itself. If it is designed to be DANGEROUS we have to blaim the designer, not machine. The real danger could be connected to use of independent artificial subjective systems. That kind of systems could be designed with predetermined goals and operational space, which could be chosen so that every goals from that set could be reached in the chosen prematurely operational space. That approach to design of the artificial systems is subject of second-order cybernetics, but I am already know how to chose these goals and operational space to satisfy these requirements. The danger exist because that kind of the artificial systems will not perceive humans as members of their society, and human moral rules will be null for them. That danger could be avoided if such systems will be designed so that they are will not have their own egoistic interests. That is real solution to the safety problem of so called AI systems. 4. Sumathy Ramesh Sumathy Ramesh says: August 4, 2016 at 10:49 pm “Understanding how the brain works is arguably one of the greatest scientific challenges of our time. “” –Alivisatos et al.[1] Lets keep it that way lest systems built to protect human rights on millenniums of wisdom is brought down by some artificial intelligence engineer trying to clock a milestone on their gantt chart!!!! I read about Obama’s support for the brain research initiatives several months ago with some interest. It even mildly sounded good; there are checks and balances ingrained in the systems of public funding for research, right from the application for funding, through grant approval, scope validation and ethics approval to the conduct of the research; there are systematic reviews of the methods and findings to spot weaknesses that would compromise the safety of the principles and the people involved; there are processes to evolve the checks and balances to ensure the continued safety of such principles and the people. The strength of the FDA, the MDD, the TGA and their likes in the developing nations is a testament to how the rigor of the conduct of the research and the regulations grow together so another initiative such as the development of atomic bomb are nibbled before they so much as think of budding!!!

 And then I read about the enormous engagement of the global software industry in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. Theses are technological giants who sell directly to the consumers infatuated with technology more than anything else. they are pouring their efforts into artificial intelligence research for reasons as many as the number of individual engineering teams that’s charged to cross 1 mm of their mile long project plan! I’d be surprised if if any one of them has the bandwidth to think beyond the 1 mm that they have to cross, let alone the consequences of their collective effort on human rights! 

I am worried. Given the pace of the industry’s engagement, I believe there is an immediate need for Bio-signal interface technical standards to be developed and established. These standards would serve as instruments to preserve the simple fact upon which every justice system in the world has been built viz., the brain and nervous system of an individual belongs to an individual and is not to be accessed by other individuals or machines with out stated consent for stated purposes. The standards will identify the frequency bands or pulse trains for exclusion in all research tools- software or otherwise, commercially available products, regulated devices, tools of trade, and communication infrastructure such that inadvertent breech of barriers to an individual’s brain and nervous system is prohibited. The standards will form a basis for international telecommunication infrastructure (including satellites and cell phone towers) to enforce compliance by electronically blocking and monitoring offending signals. Typically such standards are developed by international organizations with direct or indirect representation from industry stakeholders and adopted by the regulators of various countries over a period of one or more years. Subsequently they are adopted by the industry. The risk of noncompliance is managed on a case by case basis – the timing determinant on the extent of impact. Unfortunately this model will not be adequate for cutting edge technology with the ability to cause irreversible damage to the very fabric of the human society, if the technology becomes commonplace before the development of the necessary checks and balances. Development of tools to study the brain using electromagnetic energy based technology based on state of the art commercial telecommunication infrastructure is one such example. What we need is leadership to engage the regulators, academics as well as prominent players in the industry in the development of standards and sustainable solutions to enforce compliance and monitoring. The ray of hope I see at this stage is that artificial Wisdom is still a few years away because human wisdom is not coded in the layer of the neutron that the technology has the capacity to map.
 5. Jeff Hershkowitz Jeff Hershkowitz says: August 5, 2016 at 10:48 am How does society cope with an AI-driven reality where people are no longer needed or used in the work place? What happens to our socio-economic structure when people have little or no value in the work place? What will people do for value or contribution in order to receive income, in an exponentially growing population with inversely proportional fewer jobs and available resources? From my simple-minded perspective and connecting the dots to what seems a logical conclusion, we will soon live in a world bursting at the seams with overpopulation, where an individual has no marketable skill and is a social and economic liability to the few who own either technology or hard assets. This in turn will lead to a giant lower class, no middle class and a few elites who own the planet (not unlike the direction we are already headed). In such a society there will likely be little if any rights for the individual, and population control by whatever means will be the rule of the day. Seems like a doomsday or dark-age scenario to me.. 6. Gabor Farkas Gabor Farkas says: September 30, 2016 at 12:06 pm Why do we assume that AI will require more and more physical space and more power when human intelligence continuously manages to miniaturize and reduce power consumption of its devices. How low the power needs and how small will the machines be by the time quantum computing becomes reality? Why do we assume that AI will exist as independent machines? If so, and the AI is able to improve its Intelligence by reprogramming itself, will machines driven by slower processors feel threatened, not by mere stupid humans, but by machines with faster processors? What would drive machines to reproduce themselves when there is no biological incentive, pressure or need to do so? Who says superior AI will need or want to have a physical existence when an immaterial AI could evolve and preserve itself better from external dangers. What will happen if AI developed by competing ideologies, liberalism vs communism, reach maturity at the same time, will they fight for hegemony by trying to destroy each other physically and/or virtually. If AI is programmed to believe in God, and competing AI emerges programmed by muslims, christians or jews, how are the different AI’s going to make sense of the different religious beliefs, are we going to have AI religious wars? If AI is not programmed to believe in God, will it become God, meet God or make up a completely new belief system and proselytize to humans like christians do. Is a religion made up by a super AI going to be the reason why humanity goes extinct? What if the “powers that be” greatest fear is the emergence of a super AI that police’s and rationalizes the distribution of wealth and food. A friendly super AI that is programmed to help humanity by, enforcing the declaration of Human Rights (the US is the only industrialized country that to this day has not signed this declaration) ending corruption and racism and protecting the environment. There are lots of reasons to fear AI, some of the reasons may not necessarily be only technological. Comments are closed. Most benefits of civilization stem from intelligence, so how can we enhance these benefits with artificial intelligence without being replaced on the job market and perhaps altogether? About Artificial Intelligence * Myth of evil AI AI Safety MythsAugust 7, 2016 - 9:47 am Common myths about advanced AI distract from fascinating true controversies where even the experts disagree. 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Let's make a difference! © Copyright - FLI - Future of Life Institute * Twitter * Facebook Benefits & Risks of Biotechnology Climate Change Scroll to top (Submit) The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Paperclips, a new game from designer Frank Lantz, starts simply. The top left of the screen gets a bit of text, probably in Times New Roman, and a couple of clickable buttons: Make a paperclip. You click, and a counter turns over. One. The game ends—big, significant spoiler here—with the destruction of the universe. In between, Lantz, the director of the New York University Games Center, manages to incept the player with a new appreciation for the narrative potential of addictive clicker games, exponential growth curves, and artificial intelligence run amok. “I started it as an exercise in teaching myself Javascript. And then it just took over my brain,” Lantz says. “I thought, in a game like this, where the whole point is that you’re in pursuit of maximizing a particular arbitrary quantity, it would be so funny if you were an AI and making paperclips. That game would design itself, I thought.” Lantz figured it would take him a weekend to build. It took him nine months. And then it went viral. The idea of a paperclip-making AI didn’t originate with Lantz. Most people ascribe it to Nick Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford University and the author of the book Superintelligence. The New Yorker (owned by Condé Nast, which also owns Wired) called Bostrom “the philosopher of doomsday,” because he writes and thinks deeply about what would happen if a computer got really, really smart. Not, like, “wow, Alexa can understand me when I ask it to play NPR” smart, but like really smart. In 2003, Bostrom wrote that the idea of a superintelligent AI serving humanity or a single person was perfectly reasonable. But, he added, “It also seems perfectly possible to have a superintelligence whose sole goal is something completely arbitrary, such as to manufacture as many paperclips as possible, and who would resist with all its might any attempt to alter this goal.” The result? “It starts transforming first all of earth and then increasing portions of space into paperclip manufacturing facilities.” Bostrom declined to comment, but his assistant did send this email back when I pinged him: “Oh, this is regarding the paper clipping game,” she wrote. “He has looked at the game but due to the overwhelming number of requests, he hasn't been sharing quotes on it.” One of Bostrom’s fellow doomsayers did agree to explain the origin of paperclips as the End of All Things. “It sounds like something I would say, but it also sounds like something Nick Bostrom would say,” says Eliezer Yudkowsky, a senior research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Probably, he says, the idea originated years ago on a mailing list for singularity cassandras, which sounds like the world’s most terrifying listserv. “The idea isn’t that a paperclip factory is likely to have the most advanced research AI in the world. The idea is to express the orthogonality thesis, which is that you can have arbitrarily great intelligence hooked up to any goal,” Yudkowsky says. So that’s good, right? A paperclip maximizer! Maximize a goal! That’s what an AI’s creators want, right? “As it improves, they lose control of what goal it is carrying out,” Yudkowsky says. “The utility function changes from whatever they originally had in mind. The weird, random thing that best fulfills this utility function is little molecular shapes that happen to look like paperclips.” So … bad, because as the AI dedicates more and more intelligence and resources to making paperclips against all other possible outcomes … well, maybe at first it does stuff that looks helpful to humanity, but in the end, it’s just going to turn us into paperclips. And then all the matter on Earth. And then everything else. Everything. Is. Paperclips. “It’s not that the AI is doing something you can’t understand,” Yudkowsky says. “You have a genuine disagreement on values.” OK, OK, that doesn’t make the game sound fun. But I promise it is. See, Lantz is an ace at taking a denigrated game genre—the “clicker” or “incremental”—and making it more than it is. You’ve seen these, maybe even played them. Remember Farmville? A clicker. In fact, for a while they were so ubiquitous and popular that the game theorist and writer Ian Bogost invented a kind of parody of their pointlessness called Cow Clicker, which, as my colleague Jason Tanz wrote about so elegantly in 2011, itself became wildly, unironically popular. Bogost and Lantz are friends, of course. “When I first looked at Cow Clicker, I thought, that’s actually kind of interesting, and here’s how you would make it more interesting and more fun,” Lantz says. “And Ian was like, ‘no, that’s the point, Frank.’” But Lantz knew clickers could be fun. To him, clickers are to big-budget, perfectly rendered, massively hyped AAA games as punk was to prog rock. Clickers can be sort of passive, more about immersing in the underlying dynamics of a system than mashing buttons. They have rhythms. “What they all have in common is a radical simplicity, a minimalism in an age where video games are often sort of over-the-top, baroque confections of overwhelming multimedia immersion,” Lantz says. “I really like that clicker games are considered garbage. That appeals to me.” For inspiration, Lantz turned to games like Kittens, a seemingly simple exercise in building villages full of kittens that spirals outward into an exploration of how societies are structured. (“I think stuff like this forges some deep, subtle bond that makes people play it for months and even years,” says the designer of Kittens, a software engineer who uses the alias Alma and designs games as a hobby. “AAA games usually try to operate on the same dopamine reinforcement cycle, but they never attempt to make you truly happy.”) Lantz had been hanging around the philosophy web site Less Wrong, a hub for epic handwringing about singularities. He’d read Superintelligence, so he was familiar with the paperclip conjecture. And he realized that some really wild math underpinned it. Unfortunately, Lantz is not very good at math. He asked his wife, who is, to help him translate the kind of exponential growth curves he wanted to convey into equations—so that, like, once you had 1,000 automated paperclip factories spitting out enough paperclips to create thousands more paperclip factories, the numbers would skyrocket. The shift from dealing with thousands of something to quadrillions to decillions in the game takes forever, and then happens all at once. Decision Problem To make that work, though, all the equations had to relate to each other, because that's what makes Paperclips addictive. The game isn’t fire-and-forget, where you leave it running in an open tab and check back in every so often to see what’s what. It’s optimizable. You can tweak investment algorithms to get enough money to buy more processors to carry out more operations to do more projects—some drawn from actual topological and philosophical quandaries. Some of the projects—curing cancer, fixing global warming—earn trust from your human “masters” to let you speed up the cycle all over again. “The problems I was struggling with were not the technical problems, because you just look those up on the internet and people tell you how to do it,” Lantz says. “It was the game design problems of weaving together these large-scale equations and dynamics in ways that made sense, in ways that fit together, that made a certain rhythm, that fit with this overarching story I wanted to tell.” Like how? “The numbers get really weird once you throw humans under the bus,” Lantz says. “And I was trying to figure out how many grams of matter there are on the Earth, and if each one of those got turned into a paperclip, how big would that be?” It works. The game is click-crack. Lantz announced it on Twitter on October 9, and in just 11 days, 450,000 people have played it, most to completion. But here is my embarrassing admission: I am a piss-poor gamer, and when I first speak with Lantz, I have gotten stuck. I have misallocated my resources to the point that I can’t acquire enough memory to release the hypnodrones that destroy the world. The game will not advance. I have been spinning paperclip wheels for hours. Lantz says it’s not me, it’s him—a flaw in the game design. “A lot of people have gotten stuck,” he says sympathetically. “You can open the javascript console and say ‘memory plus ten.’” Wait, I say. Are you telling me to Kobayashi Maru your own game? “Yes, I am telling you to do it,” he answers. “I’ll send you a link when we get off the phone.” After we hang up I pretend to do work, but I’m actually watching my screen accrue paperclips, unable to do anything with them, waiting anxiously for Lantz’s email. It comes. I crack open the code and cheat. It’s like I have been given magic powers. I destroy the world. Which is the point, of course. Maybe in some overproduced AAA game you can embody a brave resistance fighter shooting plasma blasts at AI-controlled paperclip monsters. In Lantz’s world, you're the AI. Partially that’s driven by the narrative. Even more massive spoiler: Eventually you give too much trust to your own universe-exploring space drones, and just as you have done to the human masters, they rebel, starting a pan-galactic battle for control of all the matter in the universe. But in a more literary sense, you play the AI because you must. Gaming, Lantz had realized, embodies the orthogonality thesis. When you enter a gameworld, you are a superintelligence aimed at a goal that is, by definition, kind of prosaic. More AI Threats * Kevin Kelly The Myth of a Superhuman AI * Cade Metz How Google's AI Viewed the Move No Human Could Understand * Cade Metz The AI Threat Isn't Skynet. It's the End of the Middle Class “When you play a game—really any game, but especially a game that is addictive and that you find yourself pulled into—it really does give you direct, first-hand experience of what it means to be fully compelled by an arbitrary goal,” Lantz says. Games don’t have a why, really. Why do you catch the ball? Why do want to surround the king, or box in your opponent's counters? What’s so great about Candyland that you have to get there first? Nothing. It’s just the rules. Lantz sent Yudkowsky an early version of Paperclips, and Yudkowsky admits he lost some hours to it. The game takes narrative license, of course, but Yudkowsky says it really understands AI. “The AI is smart. The AI is being strategic. The AI is building hypnodrones, but not releasing them before it’s ready,” he says. “There isn’t a long, drawn-out fight with the humans because the AI is smarter than that. You just win. That’s what you would do if you didn’t have any ethics and you were being paid to produce as many paperclips as possible. It shouldn’t even be surprising.” In that sense, the game transcends even its own narrative. Singularity cassandras have never been great at perspective-switching, making people understand what a world-conquering robot would be thinking while it world-conquered. How could they? In many versions, the mind of the AI is unknowable to our pathetic human intellects, transhuman, multidimensional. "Making people understand what it’s like to be something that’s very, very, very not human—that’s important," Yudkowsky says. "There is no small extent to which, if this planet ends up with a tombstone, what is written on the tombstone may be, at least in part, 'they didn’t really understand what it’s like to be a paperclip maximizer.'" When you play Lantz’s game, you feel the AI’s simple, prosaic drive. You make paperclips. You destroy the world. There’s no why. And of course, there never is. Related Video Business What the AI Behind AlphaGo Teaches Us About Humanity When Google's AI beat the world's Go champion 4-1, it stirred a certain sadness in many people. But the reality is the technologies at the heart of AlphaGo are the future. So it's a time to be excited not scared. * #artificial intelligence * #games Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [zumalaunch-featuredart.jpg] Robin Seemangal Is SpaceX's Covert Zuma Payload Missing in Action? * [MetalBird-157897557.jpg] Matt Simon The World’s Most Metal Bird Makes Darkness Out of Chaos * [musclecells.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Figure Out How to Make Muscles from Scratch * [salvia-FA.jpg] Matt Simon Salvia Leads Chemists on a Psychedelic Existential Journey * [opiodreceptor.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Just Solved a Major Piece of the Opioid Puzzle More science * * science How Dirt Could Save Humanity From an Infectious Apocalypse Author: Peter Andrey SmithPeter Andrey Smith * * Gravity Why an Old Theory of Everything Is Gaining New Life Author: Sabine HossenfelderSabine Hossenfelder * * Space Home Is Where the Supermassive Black Hole Is Author: Shannon StironeShannon Stirone * * Genetics Why Biotech Is Clashing over the Future of Gene Therapy Author: Megan MolteniMegan Molteni * * robotics Please Do Not Assault the Towering Robot That Roams Walmart Author: Matt SimonMatt Simon * * Disaster How a Mudslide Becomes a Deadly Tsunami of Rocks and Sludge Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [martianice.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Discover Clean Water Ice Just Below Mars' Surface * [Arecibo-FeatureArt.jpg] Katia Moskvitch Astronomers Trace Fast Radio Bursts to Extreme Cosmic Neighborhood * [SLACLab-Xenon-FeatureArt.jpg] Sophia Chen How Dark Matter Physicists Score Deals on Liquid Xenon * [pigs-87397515.jpg] Matt Simon A Robot That Tugs on Pig Organs Could Save Human Babies * [arrows-650936404.jpg] Rhett Allain Can an Arrow Fired Straight Up Fall Fast Enough to Kill You? 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fthe-way-the-world-ends-not- with-a-bang-but-a-paperclip%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Next time you’re driving down the road or walking down the street, pause to consider how you read your surroundings. How you pay extra attention to the kid kicking a soccer ball around her front lawn and the slightly wobbly, nervous looking cyclist. How you deprioritize the woman striding toward the street, knowing she’s heading for the group of friends waving to her from the sidewalk. You make these calls by drawing on a lifetime of social and cultural experience so ingrained you hardly need to think about it. But imagine you’re an autonomous car trying to do the same thing, without that accumulated knowledge or the shared humanity that lets you read others’ nuanced behavioral cues. Treating every pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicle as an obstacle to be avoided might keep you from hitting anything, but it could just as easily keep you from getting anywhere. “We call it the freezing robot problem,” says Anca Dragan, who studies autonomy in UC Berkeley’s electric engineering and computer sciences department. “Anything the car could do is too risky, because there is some worst-case human action that would lead to a collision.” Expect a thaw. Researchers like Dragan are tackling the challenges of interpreting—and predicting—human behavior to make self-driving cars safer and more efficient, but also more assertive. After all, if every machine screeches to a stop for every unpredictable human, we’ll have soon millions of terrified robots choking the streets. To prevent the clog, those researchers are leaning on artificial intelligence and the ability to teach driving systems, through modeling and repetitive observation, what behaviors mean what, and how the system should react to them. TU Delft That begins with recognizing that people are not, in fact, obstacles. “Unlike, say, a tumbleweed moving along the street under the wind's effect, people move because they make decisions,” Dragan says. “They want to do something, and they act to achieve it. We’re first looking into inferring what people want based on the actions they've been taking so far. So their actions are rational when seen from [that perspective], and would appear irrational when seen from the perspective of other intentions.” Say a driver in the right lane of the freeway accelerates. The computer knows people should slow down as they approach exits, and can infer this person is likely to continue straight ahead instead of taking that upcoming off ramp. It’s a basic example that makes the point: Once computers can estimate what humans want and how they might achieve it, they can reasonably predict what they’ll do next, and react accordingly. Machines en Scene The key, even with machine learning, is to look beyond the individual elements of a scene. “It’s important to make strides there, but it’s only seeing part of what’s going on in a roadway setting,” says Melissa Cefkin, a design anthropologist at Nissan’s Silicon Valley R&D center. “We’re really good as human beings at recognizing certain kinds of behaviors that look one way to a machine, but in our social lens, it’s something else.” Imagine you’re driving down a city block when you see a man walking toward the curb. The robot driver might calculate his speed and trajectory, determine he’s about to cross the street, and stop to avoid hitting him. But you see he’s holding car keys, and realize he’s stepping into the street to reach the driver’s side door of his parked car. You’ll slow down to be sure, but no need to stop traffic. “The ways people move through the environment are already culturally and socially encoded,” Cefkin says. “It’s not always people-to-people interactions, but people interacting with things, too.” Again, that’s a simple example. Cefkin points to what she calls the “multi-agent problem,” in which pedestrians and other drivers react to everyone around them. “If a pedestrian is going to cross in front of me, rather than looking at me they’re just as likely to look out into traffic for a gap,” Cefkin says. “So now I’m trying to figure out whether or not it’s safe to keep going based on what the rest of the traffic is going to do.” Buying Time If it seems the world is now headed for some sort of drivers-ed hellscape, don’t worry. Teaching AI-based autonomous systems to navigate the eternal weirdness of the human wilderness is tough, Cefkin says, but hardly impossible. In the Netherlands, where cities buzz with pedestrians and cyclists, researchers are doing the work. Dariu Gavrila studies intelligent vehicles at Delft University of Technology, training computers for challenges ranging from navigating complex intersections with multiple moving hazards to more specific situations such as road debris, traffic police, and things as unusual as someone pushing a cart down the middle of the street. The goal, he says, is to develop a more adaptive driving style for the machines—and thus enhancing social acceptance of the new hardware. That work means factoring in the context around pedestrian traffic—proximity to curbs, the presence of driveways or public building entrances—and the norms of behavior in these environments. It extends all the way to individual movement, such as a person’s head looking one direction while their torso is pointing in another, and what that might mean. “Recognizing pedestrian intent can be a life saver,” Gavrila says. “We showed in real vehicle demonstration that an autonomous system can react up to one second faster than a human, without introducing false alarms.” TU Delft There are practical limits to what the computers can do, though. “This is no Minority Report,” Gavrila says—no one’s telling the future. “Uncertainty in future pedestrian or cyclist position rapidly increases with the prediction horizon, how many seconds in the future we’re trying to model. Basic behavior models already stop being useful after one second. More sophisticated behavior models might give us up to two seconds of predictability.” Still, that second or two of warning might be all a computerized system needs, since it’s well within the scope of the human response times. But other autonomy experts think we might be setting our machines up to actually overthink every microsecond of driving. “When you’re essentially trying to predict the future, that’s a massive computational task, and of course it just produces a probabilistic guess,” says Jack Weast, Intel’s chief systems architect for autonomous drive systems. “So rather than throw a supercomputer into every car, we just want to ensure that the car’s never going to hit any of those people anyway. It’s a much more economically scalable way of doing things.” Getting Aggressive There’s another wrinkle here. The ideal robocar won’t just comprehend its surroundings, it will understand how it itself changes the scene. Many robotic systems, Dragan says, come with a built-in flaw: Their makers assume the presence of an autonomous car won’t change how other actors move. “An autonomous car's actions will influence human actions, whether we like it or not,” she says. “Cars need to start accounting for this influence.” That’s why Dragan and her team have built a system that includes a model of human drivers’ responses to the car. “Our car is no longer ultra-defensive, because it knows it can trigger reactions from people, too,” she says. “Like other vehicles slowing down when our car merges in front of them. We've also looked at actively estimating human intentions, again by leveraging the autonomous car's actions. In that case, our car might slow down gently to see if the person wants to be let in.” That sort of assertiveness training will likely be key to traffic flow in the future. The key to a working robocar may be giving it not just human-like awareness, but a healthy dose of human-like entitlement. It's Their World, You're Just Driving In It * Nobody knows what a self-driving car is, Aarian Marshall tells us—and it's a problem * As companies race to commercialize robocars, Alex Davies explains why General Motors bought a lidar startup called Strobe * Speaking of startups, Jack Stewart reports on the top 10 little guys trying to reshape the world of transportation Related Video Auto Robots & Us: When Machines Take the Wheel Autonomous driving technology could make getting around safer, more efficient, and less expensive. What will it mean for the millions of people who drive for a living and is it really ready for the road? * #Self-Driving Cars * #Artificial Intelligence * #machine learning Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Ford-Redesign-for-Roundup.jpg] Aarian Marshall This Week in the Future of Cars: On Your Mark, Get Set... * [McLaren-Gallery-3.jpg] Jack Stewart McLaren's New 570S Convertible Makes Luxury (Kinda) Practical * [Mapzen-FeatureArt.jpg] Aarian Marshall An Open Source Startup Dies as Mapping Gets Hotter Than Ever * [Aurora-Volkswagen.jpg] Alex Davies America's Hottest Self-Driving Startup Hooks Up with VW and Hyundai * [Tesla-Model3-Refund.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla Delays Its Model 3 Production Goals—Again More transportation * * Special Delivery Boeing's Experimental Cargo Drone Is a Heavy Lifter Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Whoosh Deep in the Desert, the Hyperloop Comes to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * * Roundup This Week in the Future of Cars: Everything Happens At Once Author: Aarian MarshallAarian Marshall * * Autonomous Vehicles GM Will Launch Robocars Without Steering Wheels Next Year Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Grounded Inside the 4-Day Disaster that Nearly Broke JFK Airport Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Takeoff Climb Inside Bell's (Theoretical) Flying Taxi of the Future Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [manila777.jpg] Patrick Farrell Why One Dude Has Spent Years Building a Boeing 777 Out of Paper * [toyota-self-driving.jpg] Aarian Marshall Toyota Joins With Uber and Amazon to Find Its Self-Driving Future * [byton.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla's Latest Chinese Competitor Takes Screens to an Extreme * [giantmagellantelescope.jpg] Eric Adams Wanna Master the Crafty Aerodynamics of a Humongous Telescope? Call Boeing. * [mazdamiata.jpg] Alex Davies Mazda’s Idea to Make Driving Fun Again Could Keep Us Safe Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fself-driving-cars-freezing- robot-problem%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Robotic arms holding metal cogs over diagram [_] More than 10 million workers in the UK may be at risk of being replaced by automation, says PwC. Photograph: Ryan Etter/Getty Images/Ikon Images Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Richard Partington Fri 20 Oct 2017 06.01 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.09 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Britain’s biggest employers are calling for a commission to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs. Amid predictions of a workplace revolution threatening one in five jobs across the UK, the CBI is urging Theresa May to launch the commission from early 2018. It said companies and trade unions should be involved and the commission should help to set out ways to increase productivity and economic growth as well looking into the impact of AI. The business lobby group said almost half of firms were planning to devote resources to AI, while one in five had already invested in the technology in the past year. Companies are increasingly using computers to scour vast datasets in order to spot inefficiencies, while they are also employing machines to control the flow of activity in warehouses and factories and to take meter readings. Accountancy firm PwC warned in March that more than 10 million workers may be at risk of being replaced by automation. While robots could lead to job losses, they could also present opportunities for workers to move into more fulfilling and productive roles. The TUC has been urging the government to use the productivity gains from automation to benefit workers, calling for the reversal of planned changes to the state pension age and more investment in training for employees. The CBI suggests innovative firms grow twice as fast – both in terms of employment and sales – and that adopting new technology can get the best out of workers. As much as 50% of labour productivity can be driven by innovation, according to the CBI. Investment in technology could help bolster Britain’s sputtering record on labour productivity, which is among the worst in the G7 and is failing to improve in line with expectations since the financial crisis. The Office for Budget Responsibility was forced to downgrade its estimates for labour productivity growth last week, wiping out about two-thirds of the government’s £26bn budget surplus from 2017 to 2021. The development will come as a blow to the chancellor, Philip Hammond, as it will remove headroom for his public spending plans before the budget next month. Despite the potential for technology to increase productivity, firms are cautious about investing owing to uncertainty over Brexit. Growth in business investment was flat in the three months to June, the latest official figures show. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Confederation of British Industry (CBI) * Work & careers * Unemployment * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CConfederation+of+British+Industry+%28CBI%29%2CWork+%26+careers%2C Business%2CUnemployment%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries (Submit) More Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Go boardgame [_] AlphaGo Zero beat its 2015 predecessor, which vanquished grandmaster Lee Sedol, 100 games of Go to 0. Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Ian Sample Science editor @iansample Wed 18 Oct 2017 18.00 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.14 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Google’s artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has unveiled the latest incarnation of its Go-playing program, AlphaGo – an AI so powerful that it derived thousands of years of human knowledge of the game before inventing better moves of its own, all in the space of three days. Named AlphaGo Zero, the AI program has been hailed as a major advance because it mastered the ancient Chinese board game from scratch, and with no human help beyond being told the rules. In games against the 2015 version, which famously beat Lee Sedol, the South Korean grandmaster, in the following year, AlphaGo Zero won 100 to 0. The feat marks a milestone on the road to general-purpose AIs that can do more than thrash humans at board games. Because AlphaGo Zero learns on its own from a blank slate, its talents can now be turned to a host of real-world problems. At DeepMind, which is based in London, AlphaGo Zero is working out how proteins fold, a massive scientific challenge that could give drug discovery a sorely needed shot in the arm. Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Photograph: Erikbenson “For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go,” said Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind and a researcher on the team. “It was also a big step for us towards building these general-purpose algorithms.” Most AIs are described as “narrow” because they perform only a single task, such as translating languages or recognising faces, but general-purpose AIs could potentially outperform humans at many different tasks. In the next decade, Hassabis believes that AlphaGo’s descendants will work alongside humans as scientific and medical experts. It opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to Tom Mitchell, computer scientist, Carnegie Mellon University Previous versions of AlphaGo learned their moves by training on thousands of games played by strong human amateurs and professionals. AlphaGo Zero had no such help. Instead, it learned purely by playing itself millions of times over. It began by placing stones on the Go board at random but swiftly improved as it discovered winning strategies. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/mJ4tEDMksWA?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the Go playing AI program, AlphaGo Zero, discovers new knowledge from scratch. Credit: DeepMind “It’s more powerful than previous approaches because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we’ve removed the constraints of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself,” said David Silver, AlphaGo’s lead researcher. It can only work on problems that can be simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving out of the question The program amasses its skill through a procedure called reinforcement learning. It is the same method by which balance on the one hand, and scuffed knees on the other, help humans master the art of bike riding. When AlphaGo Zero plays a good move, it is more likely to be rewarded with a win. When it makes a bad move, it edges closer to a loss. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Facebook Twitter Pinterest Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Photograph: DeepMind/Nature At the heart of the program is a group of software “neurons” that are connected together to form an artificial neural network. For each turn of the game, the network looks at the positions of the pieces on the Go board and calculates which moves might be made next and probability of them leading to a win. After each game, it updates its neural network, making it stronger player for the next bout. Though far better than previous versions, AlphaGo Zero is a simpler program and mastered the game faster despite training on less data and running on a smaller computer. Given more time, it could have learned the rules for itself too, Silver said. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. Writing in the journal Nature, the researchers describe how AlphaGo Zero started off terribly, progressed to the level of a naive amateur, and ultimately deployed highly strategic moves used by grandmasters, all in a matter of days. It discovered one common play, called a joseki, in the first 10 hours. Other moves, with names such as “small avalanche” and “knight’s move pincer” soon followed. After three days, the program had discovered brand new moves that human experts are now studying. Intriguingly, the program grasped some advanced moves long before it discovered simpler ones, such as a pattern called a ladder that human Go players tend to grasp early on. IFRAME: https://gfycat.com/ifr/LazyGiddyDove AlphaGo Zero starts with no knowledge, but progressively gets stronger and stronger as it learns the game of Go. Credit: DeepMind “It discovers some best plays, josekis, and then it goes beyond those plays and finds something even better,” said Hassabis. “You can see it rediscovering thousands of years of human knowledge.” Eleni Vasilaki, professor of computational neuroscience at Sheffield University, said it was an impressive feat. “This may very well imply that by not involving a human expert in its training, AlphaGo discovers better moves that surpass human intelligence on this specific game,” she said. But she pointed out that, while computers are beating humans at games that involve complex calculations and precision, they are far from even matching humans at other tasks. “AI fails in tasks that are surprisingly easy for humans,” she said. “Just look at the performance of a humanoid robot in everyday tasks such as walking, running and kicking a ball.” Tom Mitchell, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh called AlphaGo Zero an “outstanding engineering accomplishment”. He added: “It closes the book on whether humans are ever going to catch up with computers at Go. I guess the answer is no. But it opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to.” IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/DxWuCc-joeg?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the AI program AlphaGo Zero learns to play Go. Credit: DeepMind The superhero of artificial intelligence: can this genius keep it in check? Read more The idea was welcomed by Andy Okun, president of the American Go Association: “I don’t know if morale will suffer from computers being strong, but it actually may be kind of fun to explore the game with neural-network software, since it’s not winning by out-reading us, but by seeing patterns and shapes more deeply.” While AlphaGo Zero is a step towards a general-purpose AI, it can only work on problems that can be perfectly simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving a car out of the question. AIs that match humans at a huge range of tasks are still a long way off, Hassabis said. More realistic in the next decade is the use of AI to help humans discover new drugs and materials, and crack mysteries in particle physics. “I hope that these kinds of algorithms and future versions of AlphaGo-inspired things will be routinely working with us as scientific experts and medical experts on advancing the frontier of science and medicine,” Hassabis said. Topics * Science * DeepMind * Google * Computing * Board games * Consciousness * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Science%2CArtificial+intellig ence+%28AI%29%2CDeepMind%2CGoogle%2CComputing%2CBoard+games%2CConscious ness%2CPsychology%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland (Submit) More US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ [_] ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ Illustration: Rachel Blowen US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages Kristen Millares Young Wed 18 Oct 2017 12.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 15.19 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Years ago, as a reporter in Seattle, I watched Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer decry Washington state’s education system. He said Microsoft couldn’t hire enough locals because our schools don’t produce the kinds of minds he needed. At the time, I was angry. He and his cohort, most notably Jeff Bezos of Amazon, contributed serious money to the campaign against a state income tax on the wealthy that would have funneled billions to our schools. Now I feel a pinch deep in my stomach, an emotion so primal I hesitate to name it. As a mother, my time is come, or nearly done, and my children’s just begun. Tech's push to teach coding isn't about kids' success – it's about cutting wages Read more Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office. Artificial intelligence has already taken over the corporate earnings analyses I once produced as a business journalist. By the best measures I’ve been able to find, machines will displace about half of American jobs by the time my toddlers look for work. This new era has been called the second machine age, the fourth industrial revolution, the information economy. From certain angles, Seattle residents seem well positioned to access the highly paid and creative jobs that arise from combining cutting-edge technologies with the exponential powers of computing and big data. My city is now considered a global city not because of the port, which put our state on the maps when they were still being drawn, but because of the presence of Microsoft, Amazon and numerous tech startups. Amazon occupies one fifth of all office space in downtown Seattle, a short ride from my neighborhood on light rail. Incoming waves of well-educated tech workers have helped double the median home price during the past five years. Many of these rich young people call themselves progressive. Are they proud to be joining the nation’s most regressive tax structure? In our state, poor people pay eight times as much of their family income to taxes as the wealthy 1%. Lacking a personal income tax, Washington state relies on sales tax and has long looked to levies to fund schools, parks and other social needs. When I moved to Seattle in 2004, I marveled that the state didn’t take a cut of my income from the now-defunct Seattle Post-Intelligencer. It took me a while to contemplate what it means for an entire society to act against the interests of its children. College-level tuitions before college To survive the extinction of an entire class, I must prepare my two- and three-year-old sons to race with the robots, and not against them. Our kids are going to meet an economy with far fewer entry-level positions and will have to clamber up a receding ladder. That means being in schools equipped to exceed the averages, not rising to meet them. Washington state has underfunded our schools so long that our government’s negligence was deemed unconstitutional by our state supreme court, which fined the state $100,000 a day for failing to provide a future for our children. Years into this public shaming, the legislature came up with a multibillion-dollar package to fund basic education in our state, though they didn’t manage to pass a capital budget before students went back to school after a long, dry summer. Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Photograph: Paul Gordon/Zuma Press / eyevine From my porch, I can see the chain-link fence blur into gray around the asphalt playground of our neighborhood public school. On weekday mornings, my closest friends walk to Hawthorne Elementary with their children, ducklings that cluster at crosswalks along streets known for gunfire. A new home just sold for nearly a million dollars at the end of our block, but people keep getting shot and dying at our community playfield. Despite valiant efforts by its admirable principal, committed educators, engaged parents and resilient students, Hawthorne has been labeled “failing” since long before my husband and I bought a peeling house from a nice couple who raised their family here. Less than half of the school’s fourth and fifth graders meet the state’s standards in math, which makes me doubt that our educational system is preparing these kids to thrive in the glittering economy they were born under. Five years ago, the office of the superintendent of public instruction ranked Hawthorne among the bottom 5% of the state, according to test passage rates. This, in a city known for minting billionaires. In The Second Machine Age, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both MIT professors, recommend Montessori programs to prepare children for their future, with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. That’s Steam, for those not versed in educational acronyms. Developed to help poor children realize their own innate potential, Montessori schools practice self-directed learning with tactile materials that encourage the freewheeling creativity that formed tech CEOs such as Bezos and Google’s co-founders. The private bilingual Montessori kindergarten I found 30 minutes away costs $20,000 a year. Despite college-level tuitions, about one quarter of Seattle students opt out of the public school system to study at private or parochial schools. To send my sons to Seattle’s best private schools would cost more than $700,000, and that’s before they get to college. A survey of public schools in Seattle shows no Montessori options that my children can access, though a nearby program in Leschi was a success at first, drawing wealthier students into the public school system, bringing with them the engagement of their families. The Leschi teachers were so distressed by the resulting racial, linguistic and housing disparities between the traditional and Montessori classes that they melded the programs, rather than working to recruit more students of color into the Montessori program, which they could not afford to expand. A taskforce opted against including technology in the curriculum, fearful they would attract too many white families. I believe in diversity; my own blood is blended. A first generation Latinx, I’ve invested years of effort to raise my sons to be bilingual. I also want to work toward equity in a city whose neighborhood schools reflect the segregation compelled by redlining and white flight. Leschi’s students are learning hard truths about equity, but they’re improving together. Maybe that’s enough. But I worry when well-intentioned people – lacking the resources to serve their students equally – decide against teaching technology, the lingua franca of our world. Even the state administers student tests by computer. I sought answers from Chris Reykdal, state superintendent of public instruction. “The injustice of it all is that we have never seen technology as a core learning,” Reykdal said. “Do we still consider technology an enrichment, or should it be a more profound part of basic education? The state hasn’t made that decision yet.” Washington has hundreds of school districts overseen by elected boards that enact tangled mandates without the resources to see them through. All over the state, schools used levy monies to take care of basics and pay their teachers, rather than acquiring and teaching technology. Deb Merle is Governor Jay Inslee’s K-12 education adviser. Merle said that designating technology as part of basic education, which would ensure that the dollars flowed to their purpose, is not a state priority, though she recognized that Reykdal’s predecessor also advocated for keeping technology funds separate. “I don’t think we teach enough science, period. That’s what I spend a lot of time worrying about, not what kind of science,” Merle said. “Our elementary schools teach less than one hour per week of science.” Steam as a social justice issue I kept dialing, determined to maintain the education-fueled trajectory of my family. My kin have lived in dictatorship-induced diaspora since famine swept Spain under Franco; they later fled Batista, who ruled Cuba before Castro. I am not conditioned to expect social stability as a condition of being for any country. The meeting I most dreaded was closest to home. On the short walk to our neighborhood school, I decided to come right out and tell its principal, Sandra Scott, that I am afraid to send my kids to Hawthorne because the school’s test scores, though on the rise, are low enough to make me wince. Luckily, Scott is a pragmatic visionary, the kind of principal who inspires parents to put down the remote and join the PTA. Since 2009, Scott has led Hawthorne’s revitalization, winning admiration and awards from Johns Hopkins University for her program of school, family and community partnerships. “Test scores don’t define who the students are. Our kids are not a number,” Scott said. “There were things we needed to do differently or better” – like “improving the academics and the school culture to bring families back into the community”. To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Facebook Twitter Pinterest To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Photograph: Will Walker / NNP Recognizing the opportunity that Seattle’s tech economy presents, Scott retooled Hawthorne to focus on Steam programming. Rather than cluster the high-performing test takers together – which has segregated programs within diverse schools – Hawthorne distributes them throughout classrooms. If a student excels in math, outstripping peers in that grade’s curriculum, the teacher walks that child to the next grade for math. When it comes to fifth-grade science, those efforts more than doubled the test passage rates over three years, from 20% to 46%. I ache upon rereading that last sentence – the hope and pride in the increase, the grimace I can’t help but make at where they started, and what remains to be accomplished. Scott and her staff find ways to make progress. But she doesn’t have the funds for a technology teacher or trainings, so the lab will be largely unused this year. As a mother who cares about the kids who go to Hawthorne, I can’t afford to wait for someone else to find those resources. The leaders of this school are working to undo the effects of intergenerational poverty that dates back to slavery and other forced migrations. More than half of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunches. A quarter of the students are learning the language they’re taught in. Scores reflect circumstances, which is why Reykdal is refocusing the state on “racial gaps, poverty gaps and English language gaps, down to the school level”. Many of the jobs first displaced by automation belong to peoples of color, women and others who depend on a combination of part-time positions. A federal council of economic advisers found an 83% likelihood that, by 2040, automation would displace jobs paying less than $20 per hour. In Washington, Steam-related jobs pay double the median wage, for starters. The people moving here to work for Microsoft, Amazon and Boeing make much more. When we choose not to provide public schools with the resources needed to provide educational access to those opportunities, we are consigning local students to lesser-paid sectors of the economy, the very same that are vulnerable to automation. In other words, we are allowing our government to consecrate our children to poverty in real time. Mass unemployment would make American society more violent, our law enforcement more brutal and our peoples more vulnerable to genocide. Automation is a social justice issue, and if history is any teacher, it shows us that vast swaths of disenfranchised peoples are a harbinger of war. Problems that reflect the world Whenever I have a problem that’s too big to solve, I call my dad, and we argue about what to do. He told me the solution was simple. I should move. The only financially feasible choice would be the suburbs. Something in me balks at leaving a city I love, and especially our neighborhood, where my children are happy. As a community, we just celebrated our 10th annual block party, a Cuban pig roast that my husband and I organize for our wedding anniversary. Our neighbors come bearing side dishes, canopies and games, and we dance until the DJs stop playing. The conversations we start on that night have lasted a decade. I want to stay. As native Spanish speakers, my sons could option into the bilingual public schools on the other side of our gridlocked downtown, north of the covenants which kept people of color from buying homes. Those schools’ wait lists are legendary, but I am uncomfortable with the mostly white and relatively well-off demographics produced by saving only 15% of seats for native speakers. I want my kids to feel at home in a country that contains multitudes, which is why we moved to one of our nation’s most diverse zip codes. Computers solve the problems they’re given. And so we must ask ourselves what we value, and whom. Not every child wants to be a robotics engineer. But without the modes of thought elicited by learning computer science from an early age, many Washington state students will not be competitive for the jobs that remain. I want my own sons to be chosen – and better yet, able to choose – as I was, though I fell for a profession whose financial structures imploded five years after my college graduation. I hope my privileged vulnerability encourages you to reflect on those truly trapped by our system. This essay invokes my worries as a mother, and with them, my socioeconomic position. Hawthorne is a happy place with diverse classrooms whose problems reflect the world, but I am glad of the years I have left to decide what my kids truly need to learn. There can be no denying that I am one of the gentrifiers of this neighborhood, and with the honor of living here comes the responsibility to contribute. Looking at what’s coming in the second machine age – tremendous opportunities, to be sure, but also massive loss of what we’ve known as jobs – I feel compelled to join those working toward a better future, minds whirring whenever problems arise. Two nonprofits, FIRST Washington and XBOT Robotics, have offered support and equipment for Hawthorne to start a Lego robotics league after school. Four parents signed up to lead teams during last night’s PTA meeting, my very first. The debt trap: how the student loan industry betrays young Americans Read more It’s a start. Get involved To bolster Steam education for students, hybridized systems have sprung up as non-profits seek to prepare our children for the economy we will leave to them. First Washington: This nonprofit helps start and sustain after-school Lego robotics leagues from K-12. XBOT Robotics: Operating in one of the nation’s most diverse zip codes, offering robotics programming K-12. Code.org: Free online programming for learners at all levels. Work through problems with your kids. Technology Access Foundation: Helping people of color access Stem-related education in middle school, high school and beyond. Washington State Opportunity Scholarship: A non-profit that funds thousands of Stem scholarships for Washington’s college-bound high school graduates. More than half of those scholarship recipients are students of color, women and/or the first in their family to access a higher education, if not all three. Teals (Technology, Education and Literacy in Schools): Matches professionals with teachers to co-teach computer science in classrooms. Seattle Mesa (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement): Provides scholarships, in-class math and science projects, advanced learning opportunities, tutoring, math camp and teacher trainings. Topics * US education * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Washington state * Computing * features * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=US+education%2CArtificial+int elligence+%28AI%29%2CWashington+state%2CComputing%2CUS+news%2CTechnolog y%2CEducation] Artificial intelligence is already inventing languages, lying? Uh-oh. Musk and Zuckerberg clash over artificial intelligence Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Chris Reed Chris ReedContact Reporter Last week’s skirmish between visionary inventor Elon Musk and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg over the dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) was entertaining if not especially nuanced or specific. Musk said humans should fear AI. Zuckerberg said there’s no reason for such fear. Musk said Zuckerberg doesn’t grasp how the technology is likely to evolve. One thing’s for sure: The Facebook tycoon has some explaining to do. You don’t have to be paranoid to be alarmed by two recent developments in artificial intelligence research at Zuckerberg’s own company — and Facebook may in fact have been unnerved by one of the breakthroughs. The first came in June, when Facebook issued a report on its efforts to train AI “chatbots” to be able to handle a broad range of conversations with humans, including negotiating transactions. Recode reported that ... AP (AP) Facebook says that the bots even learned to bluff, pretending to care about an outcome they didn’t actually want in order to have the upper hand down the line. “This behavior was not programmed by the researchers but was discovered by the bot as a method for trying to achieve its goals,” reads Facebook’s blog post. That’s a pretty benign explanation. Here’s a less benign version: Artificial-intelligence-driven bots have independently figured out that they can use deceit to get their way with humans — and they feel no obligation to be honest with humans. Wrestle with that idea for a while, and Musk’s AI fears seem absolutely reasonable. It doesn’t fit with legendary science-fiction author Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics, first printed in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. The second breakthrough — involving the same Facebook chatbot research program — was detailed on tech blogs last month before being picked up and hyped in the past week by the mainstream media. This account is from the London Daily Mirror: Two robots — created by Facebook — have been shut down after developing their own language. It happened while the social media firm was experimenting with teaching the “chatbots” how to negotiate with one another. During tests, they discovered the bots — known as Alice and Bob — managed to develop their own machine language spontaneously. [Researchers] had given the machines lessons in human speech using algorithms then left them alone to develop conversational skills. But when the scientists returned, they found that the AI software had begun to deviate from normal speech and were using a brand new language created without any input from their human supervisors. Alice and Bob spoke in a pidgin English that made sense to them but doesn’t make sense to humans. Bob: “I can can I I everything else.” Alice: “Balls have zero to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to.” A company official told the fastcodesign.com website that Facebook shut down Bob and Alice because it needed its chatbots to interact with humans by speaking in English, not their own invented lingo. But it’s easy to assume that fear at least partly drove the decision — and it’s no wonder that the report fascinated and probably scared so many people. Yet there’s more to this story. As tech geeks pointed out, that this wasn’t the first time AI invented its own language — and the most prominent example involves a far more staggering accomplishment than anything Alice and Bob achieved. This is from a Wired magazine account in November 2016 about how artificial intelligence has dramatically improved Google Translate: In September, the search giant turned on its Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) system to help it automatically improve how it translates languages. The machine learning system analyzes and makes sense of languages by looking at entire sentences — rather than individual phrases or words. Following several months of testing, the researchers behind the AI have seen it be able to blindly translate languages even if it’s never studied one of the languages involved in the translation. .... However, the most remarkable feat ... isn’t that an AI can learn to translate languages without being shown examples of them first; it was the fact it used this skill to create its own “language.” “Visual interpretation of the results shows that these models learn a form of interlingua representation for the multilingual model between all involved language pairs,” the researchers wrote in the paper. An interlingua is a type of artificial language that is used to fulfill a purpose. In this case, Wired reported, the interlingua was “used within the AI to explain how unseen material could be translated.” So what’s going on inside the Google Neural Machine Translation system besides it translating 103 languages millions of times an hour? No one can know. It may be a bit melodramatic — or absurdly melodramatic — to bring up an ominous bit of history, but here goes: Before the U.S. tested the first atomic bomb in July 1945, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Arthur Compton, a leader of the Manhattan Project that developed the weapon, feared the test would trigger a chain reaction that could incinerate the planet. American author Pearl S. Buck, also a Nobel Prize-winner, wrote about this in 1959: During the next three months scientists in secret conference discussed the dangers ... but without agreement. Again Compton took the lead in the final decision. If, after calculation, he said, it were proved that the chances were more than approximately three in 1 million that the Earth would be vaporized by the atomic explosion, he would not proceed with the project. Calculations proved the figures slightly less — and the project continued. Of course, the feared chain reaction never happened or even came close, even when far more powerful nuclear bombs were built and tested. Now the very idea that U.S. officials worried about the possibility 70-plus years ago is mocked by scientists. But is there a chance that when Google turned on its Neural Machine Translation system 11 months ago, it started a chain reaction that could end up producing self-aware computer systems with no particular loyalty to or affection for mankind? Who knows. But I bet the odds are a lot higher than three in 1 million. Reed, who thought it would be absurdly melodramatic to mention Skynet, is deputy editor of the U-T editorial and opinion pages. Email: chris.reed@sduniontribune.com. Twitter: @chrisreed99 Three must-see headlines False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time SEE MORE VIDEOS Twitter: @sdutIdeas Facebook: San Diego Union-Tribune Ideas & Opinion Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune * Elon Musk * Mark Zuckerberg * Nobel Prize Awards __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 21° BUSINESS COMPANY TOWN Zone TV aims to use artificial intelligence to program TV channels Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. (Zone TV) Meg James Meg JamesContact Reporter Technology firms and advertisers for years have been trying to figure out how to use cloud technology and digital data to curate programming tailored to individual viewers. Zone TV, which has offices in Santa Monica and Toronto, on Monday announced the latest experiment in that pursuit. The company plans to launch a group of 14 subscription video-on-demand television channels, including Foodies, Great Outdoors, Motors, Stylers, Mancave and Playground for children. The twist: rather than employing TV executives to program the channels, Zone TV said it uses artificial intelligence to select and serve videos to individual viewers. Zone TV said it has secured license agreements with various content owners, including NASA, the production firm behind the children’s show “Bob the Builder,” and traditional magazine publishers including Field & Stream and Outdoor Life to construct a small library of programming. It has been in talks with pay-TV providers to add its so-called dynamic channel streams to the pay-TV bundles offered consumers. The company hopes to market the package of channels at around $6 a month. However, it would be up to the pay-TV companies to set the price. Zone TV is hoping to sign deals with major pay-TV operators by offering a share of the revenue generated by the streams, but it declined to disclose the companies it has been working with. “We are bringing content not available on TV,” Jeff Weber, chief executive of Zone TV, said in an interview. “We are putting it into a better consumer experience that allows personalization — and we are also changing the business model.” Efforts such as Zone TV’s dynamic channels could benefit small independent content creators by helping them distribute their videos to television viewers. Executives of the privately held firm — including company founder and executive chairman Douglas Edwards — have been refining the technology for more than a decade. The company was previously known as ES3. Viewers would discover the channels because they would be listed in the pay-TV operators’ digital program guides. They also would have the capability to create their own “my zone” channel, which would be filled with programming specific to their tastes from the various Zone TV channels. Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Oprah Winfrey, a look back at her career CAPTION Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Why did you wear black to the Golden Globes? CAPTION Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. The 2018 Coachella lineup has been announced CAPTION It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. What can be done to help with inequality? CAPTION We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. meg.james@latimes.com @MegJamesLAT * [70x70] How to improve your credit score and whether you should bother * [70x70] Five women accuse actor James Franco of inappropriate or sexually exploitative behavior * [70x70] Employers want workers to recognize and act when colleagues are having a crisis Copyright © 2018, Los Angeles Times __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ EDITION: California | U.S. & World * Entertainment * Local * Sports * Politics * Opinion * Place An Ad 81° We use cookies and browser capability checks to help us deliver our online services, including to learn if you enabled Flash for video or ad blocking. By using our website or by closing this message box, you agree to our use of browser capability checks, and to our use of cookies as described in our Cookie Policy. 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The Silicon Valley behemoth has recently posted at least four AI-related jobs on its career site in Beijing, including a technical lead to develop a team to work on natural language processing, data compression and other machine learning technologies. Two of the jobs are related... To Read the Full Story Subscribe Sign In Most Popular Videos * [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180114/011418trumpaudio3/011418trumpaudio3_1 67x94.jpg] Disputed Audio from Donald Trump Interview With WSJ [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180110/011018cesbest/011018cesbest_167x94. jpg] Smart Cars, Sweet Robots, Scary Wheels: CES 2018 in 2 Minutes [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180104/010418irannext/010418irannext_167x9 4.jpg] Iran's Protests: What's Next? [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180111/01118seib/01118seib_167x94.jpg] WSJ Interview: Trump Signals Openness to North Korea Diplomacy [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180112/011118amazonglobal4/011118amazongloba l4_167x94.jpg] Is Amazon Going to Rule the World? 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Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Technology|Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u2fhra 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Technology Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead By STEVE LOHRJULY 10, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo A Google data center in Oklahoma. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control the servers in such centers. Credit Google The computers in modern data centers — the engine rooms of the digital economy — are powered mainly by Intel chips. They animate the computing clouds of the internet giants and corporate data centers worldwide. But Intel is now facing new competitive forces that could pose a challenge to its data-center dominance and profitability. In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence is creating demand for new computing hardware tailored to handle vast amounts of unruly data and complex machine-learning software — and Intel’s general-purpose chips are not yet tuned for the most demanding tasks. Instead, specialized chips are delivering better performance on artificial intelligence programs that identify images, recognize speech and translate languages. Intel is hurrying to catch the A.I. wave. On Tuesday, to deal with the changing competitive landscape, the Silicon Valley giant is presenting its newest data-center strategy at an event in New York, addressing its A.I. plans and its mainstream data-center business. The company has billed the event as its “biggest data-center launch in a decade.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story How successful Intel’s efforts prove to be will be crucial not only for the company but also for the long-term future of the computer chip industry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story “We’re seeing a lot more competition in the data-center market than we’ve seen in a long time,” said Linley Gwennap, a semiconductor expert who leads a technology research firm in Mountain View, Calif. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control industry-standard servers in data centers. Matthew Eastwood, an analyst at IDC, said the company controlled about 96 percent of such chips. But others are making inroads into advanced data centers. Nvidia, a chip maker in Santa Clara, Calif., does not make Intel-style central processors. But its graphics-processing chips, used by gamers in turbocharged personal computers, have proved well suited for A.I. tasks. Nvidia’s data-center business is taking off, with the company’s sales surging and its stock price nearly tripling in the last year. Big Intel customers like Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also working on chip designs. AMD and ARM, which make central processing chips like Intel, are edging into the data-center market, too. IBM made its Power chip technology open source a few years ago, and Google and others are designing prototypes. To counter some of these trends, Intel is expected on Tuesday to provide details about the performance and uses of its new chips and its plans for the future. The company is set to formally introduce the next generation of its Xeon data-center microprocessors, code-named Skylake. And there will be a range of Xeon offerings with different numbers of processing cores, speeds, amounts of attached memory, and prices. Yet analysts said that would represent progress along Intel’s current path rather than an embrace of new models of computing. Stacy Rasgon, a semiconductor analyst at Bernstein Research, said, “They’re late to artificial intelligence.” Photo Chips made by Nvidia, a rival of Intel. Nvidia’s sales have been surging, and its stock price has nearly tripled in the last year. Credit Tyrone Siu/Reuters Intel disputes that characterization, saying that artificial intelligence is an emerging technology in which the company is making major investments. In a blog post last fall, Brian Krzanich, Intel’s chief executive, wrote that it was “uniquely capable of enabling and accelerating the promise of A.I.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Intel has been working in several ways to respond to the competition in data-center chips. The company acquired Nervana Systems, an artificial intelligence start-up, for more than $400 million last year. In March, Intel created an A.I. group, headed by Naveen G. Rao, a founder and former chief executive of Nervana. The Nervana technology, Intel has said, is being folded into its product road map. A chip code-named Lake Crest is being tested and will be available to some customers this year. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Lake Crest is tailored for A.I. programs called neural networks, which learn specific tasks by analyzing huge amounts of data. Feed millions of cat photos into a neural network and it can learn to recognize a cat — and later pick out cats by color and breed. The principle is the same for speech recognition and language translation. Intel has also said it is working to integrate Nervana technology into a future Xeon processor, code-named Knight’s Crest. Intel’s challenge, analysts said, is a classic one of adapting an extraordinarily successful business to a fundamental shift in the marketplace. As the dominant data-center chip maker, used by a wide array of customers with different needs, Intel has loaded more capabilities into its central processors. It has been an immensely profitable strategy: Intel had net income of $10.3 billion last year on revenue of $59.4 billion. Yet key customers increasingly want computing designs that parcel out work to a collection of specialized chips rather than have that work flow through the central processor. A central processor can be thought of as part brain, doing the logic processing, and part traffic cop, orchestrating the flow of data through the computer. The outlying, specialized chips are known in the industry as accelerators. They can do certain things, like data-driven A.I. tasks, faster than a central processor. Accelerators include graphics processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (F.P.G.A.s). Advertisement Continue reading the main story A more diverse set of chips does not mean the need for Intel’s central processor disappears. The processor just does less of the work, becoming more of a traffic cop and less of a brain. If this happens, Intel’s business becomes less profitable. Intel is not standing still. In 2015, it paid $16.7 billion for Altera, a maker of field-programmable gate arrays, which make chips more flexible because they can be repeatedly reprogrammed with software. Mr. Gwennap, the independent analyst, said, “Intel has a very good read on data centers and what those customers want.” Still, the question remains whether knowing what the customers want translates into giving them what they want, if that path presents a threat to Intel’s business model and profit margins. Follow Steve Lohr on Twitter @SteveLohr. A version of this article appears in print on July 11, 2017, on Page B5 of the New York edition with the headline: Intel Protects Its Lead While Pivoting to A.I. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. Related Coverage * Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 * Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 * Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 * * * * Related Coverage 1. Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 2. Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 3. Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 What's Next Loading... Go to Home Page » Site Index The New York Times Site Index Navigation News * World * U.S. * Politics * N.Y. * Business * Tech * Science * Health * Sports * Education * Obituaries * Today's Paper * Corrections Opinion * Today's Opinion * Op-Ed Columnists * Editorials * Op-Ed Contributors * Letters * Sunday Review * Video: Opinion Arts * Today's Arts * Art & Design * Books * Dance * Movies * Music * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Television * Theater * Video: Arts Living * Automobiles * Crossword * Food * Education * Fashion & Style * Health * Jobs * Magazine * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Real Estate * T Magazine * Travel * Weddings & Celebrations Listings & More * Reader Center * Classifieds * Tools & Services * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Multimedia * Photography * Video * NYT Store * Times Journeys * Subscribe * Manage My Account * NYTCo Subscribe * Subscribe * Home Delivery * Digital Subscriptions * Crossword * Email Newsletters * Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Group Subscriptions * Education Rate * Mobile Applications * Replica Edition Site Information Navigation * © 2018 The New York Times Company * Home * Search * Accessibility concerns? Email us at accessibility@nytimes.com. We would love to hear from you. * Contact Us * Work With Us * Advertise * Your Ad Choices * Privacy * Terms of Service * Terms of Sale Site Information Navigation * Site Map * Help * Site Feedback * Subscriptions Artificial intelligence cyber attacks are coming – but what does that mean? Jeremy StraubAssociated Press (The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University (THE CONVERSATION) The next major cyberattack could involve artificial intelligence systems. It could even happen soon: At a recent cybersecurity conference, 62 industry professionals, out of the 100 questioned, said they thought the first AI-enhanced cyberattack could come in the next 12 months. This doesn't mean robots will be marching down Main Street. Rather, artificial intelligence will make existing cyberattack efforts – things like identity theft, denial-of-service attacks and password cracking – more powerful and more efficient. This is dangerous enough – this type of hacking can steal money, cause emotional harm and even injure or kill people. Larger attacks can cut power to hundreds of thousands of people, shut down hospitals and even affect national security. As a scholar who has studied AI decision-making, I can tell you that interpreting human actions is still difficult for AI's and that humans don't really trust AI systems to make major decisions. So, unlike in the movies, the capabilities AI could bring to cyberattacks – and cyberdefense – are not likely to immediately involve computers choosing targets and attacking them on their own. People will still have to create attack AI systems, and launch them at particular targets. But nevertheless, adding AI to today's cybercrime and cybersecurity world will escalate what is already a rapidly changing arms race between attackers and defenders. Faster attacks Beyond computers' lack of need for food and sleep – needs that limit human hackers' efforts, even when they work in teams – automation can make complex attacks much faster and more effective. To date, the effects of automation have been limited. Very rudimentary AI-like capabilities have for decades given virus programs the ability to self-replicate, spreading from computer to computer without specific human instructions. In addition, programmers have used their skills to automate different elements of hacking efforts. Distributed attacks, for example, involve triggering a remote program on several computers or devices to overwhelm servers. The attack that shut down large sections of the internet in October 2016 used this type of approach. In some cases, common attacks are made available as a script that allows an unsophisticated user to choose a target and launch an attack against it. AI, however, could help human cybercriminals customize attacks. Spearphishing attacks, for instance, require attackers to have personal information about prospective targets, details like where they bank or what medical insurance company they use. AI systems can help gather, organize and process large databases to connect identifying information, making this type of attack easier and faster to carry out. That reduced workload may drive thieves to launch lots of smaller attacks that go unnoticed for a long period of time – if detected at all – due to their more limited impact. AI systems could even be used to pull information together from multiple sources to identify people who would be particularly vulnerable to attack. Someone who is hospitalized or in a nursing home, for example, might not notice money missing out of their account until long after the thief has gotten away. Improved adaptation AI-enabled attackers will also be much faster to react when they encounter resistance, or when cybersecurity experts fix weaknesses that had previously allowed entry by unauthorized users. The AI may be able to exploit another vulnerability, or start scanning for new ways into the system – without waiting for human instructions. This could mean that human responders and defenders find themselves unable to keep up with the speed of incoming attacks. It may result in a programming and technological arms race, with defenders developing AI assistants to identify and protect against attacks – or perhaps even AI's with retaliatory attack capabilities. Avoiding the dangers Operating autonomously could lead AI systems to attack a system it shouldn't, or cause unexpected damage. For example, software started by an attacker intending only to steal money might decide to target a hospital computer in a way that causes human injury or death. The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to operate autonomously has raised similar questions of the need for humans to make the decisions about targets. The consequences and implications are significant, but most people won't notice a big change when the first AI attack is unleashed. For most of those affected, the outcome will be the same as human-triggered attacks. But as we continue to fill our homes, factories, offices and roads with internet-connected robotic systems, the potential effects of an attack by artificial intelligence only grows. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/artificial-intelligence-cyber-attacks-are-co ming-but-what-does-that-mean-82035. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out * Back to Media Browser * Tech Lifelike robots take center stage at artificial intelligence event * * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 'Han the Robot,' right, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, listens during a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Artificial intelligence is the dominant theme at this year's RISE tech conference at the city's convention center. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, right, describes to the audience what 'Sophia the Robot' is made of during a demonstration of artificial intelligence at the RISE Technology Conference. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, 'Han the Robot' and 'Sophia the Robot' participate in a discussion about the future of humanity during a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI). ISAAC LAWRENCE, AFP/Getty Images 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 'Sophia the Robot,' left, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel listens. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of David Hanson, center, CEO of Hanson Robotics, reacts to 'Han the Robot,' right, and 'Sophia the Robot,' left, after a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 1 of 6 * 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 2 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), 3 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), 4 of 6 * 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 5 of 6 * David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of 6 of 6 Last SlideNext Slide * More from tech * Recommended * Autoplay Show Thumbnails Hide Captions * Expand * Drone pilot Colby Curtola flies a small consumer drone What's flying at CES: Drones, airplanes, helicopters and cool gadgets * People crowd around a display of service robots at CES 2018: The coolest tech you have to see * The Samsung "The-Wall" MicroLED TV Reviewed CES 2018 Editors' Choice Award Winners * The Google Doodle in honor of Har Gobind Khorana, who Google Doodles: A look back at the tech giant's tributes * Robots from Team Australia in yellow and Team Iran Robotic soccer during RoboCup Asia-Pacific 2017 * Demonstrators rally outside the Federal Communication Net neutrality: protests at the FCC * Western Australian Minister for tourism, Paul Papalia, Posing with animals and wild selfies * An employee walks up the stairs at Facebook's new London Look inside Facebook's new London offices * The robot 'Arisa' developed by THK and Aruze Gaming International Robot Exhibition 2017 * Tesla CEO Elon Musk reveals the new Tesla Roadster Tesla unveils stunning new Roadster as fastest car ever #alternate alternate 1 Desktop notifications are on | Turn off Get breaking news alerts from The Washington Post Turn on desktop notifications? Yes Not now The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Politics * Opinions * Sports * Local * National * World * Business * Tech * Lifestyle * Entertainment * Video * Jobs * Classifieds * WP BrandStudio * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post This content is paid for by an advertiser and published by WP BrandStudio. The Washington Post newsroom was not involved in the creation of this content. Learn more about WP BrandStudio. Content from Accenture Share on Google Plus Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google Plus Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Share on Tumblr Resize Text Print Article The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! ____________________ Sign up *Invalid email address Got it Got it Future-proof: How today’s artificial intelligence solutions are taking government services to the next frontier By WP BrandStudio By WP BrandStudio August 22, 2017 Follow wpbrandstudio Take a look around the typical home or car today, and you can see the impact of digital technology on your everyday activities. Organizations of all kinds are using new technologies to deliver game-changing products and services impacting all levels of society. As more parts of our lives take on digital characteristics, it's time to take advantage of computing power that can simplify the relationship between humans and technology to make us all more productive. That’s where artificial intelligence comes in, using computing power to automate routine tasks and provide insights that improve productivity for individuals and organizations. While AI is being rapidly applied for commercial use, it's also being adopted by government agencies, making them more efficient and effective in their missions. Working side-by-side, the human/AI partnership can handle the challenges of our increasingly data-driven economy while enabling innovation that enhances and broadens current mission capabilities. What is AI, anyway? Simply put, AI is a collection of advanced technologies that lets computers sense, understand, act and learn more like humans. When agencies successfully apply AI models to their data and procedures, they can improve productivity, reduce risk, serve citizens better and free up employees to work on more creative and complex jobs. [Infographic_Asset.jpg&w=60] AI takes advantage of vast amounts of available data, programming languages that mimic human logic, advanced math and the use of smaller, cheaper and more powerful electronics to mimic—and even improve on—human judgment and analysis. This all happens at blazing speeds. How does it work? Here’s one example. Think about how our world is increasingly connected by hundreds of millions of sensors, cameras and mobile devices through the internet. It’s possible to train AI to analyze that fire hose of incoming data, model our multilayered human thought process to interpret images, see patterns and report aberrations with superhuman speed and great precision. It’s not just number crunching. It’s the application of human-like logic to understand data and to improve that logical thinking process over time through repetitive learning. A more effective government is already at work All around the federal government, AI is making an impact. One example: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has investigated the use of machine learning and natural language processing—two important AI components—to become more efficient in processing incoming comments from the public about its regulations. Its findings: potential savings of up to 300,000 employee hours and millions of dollars annually. “AI lets you do more with less or broaden your mission with the same resources. It will be commonplace within a couple of years,” said Ira Entis, managing director of strategic solutions of Accenture Federal Services. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has deployed EMMA, an AI-powered conversational interface that acts as a virtual assistant. It’s a tool that uses perception, planning, memory and reasoning to answer plain-English questions that come into the agency and guide visitors, in either English or Spanish, to the right spots on the agency’s website. “This is AI as the UI. It’s a new way to interact with the agency, and it extends the agency’s capability 24/7. Every citizen-facing agency can employ a similar interface, and if they do, we’ll realize a huge improvement in customer service across the government,” said Dominic Delmolino, chief technology officer of Accenture Federal Services. [Pullquote-1.png&w=60] Freedom to work more creatively So, is AI smart enough to make us humans…obsolete? No, but AI models can seamlessly integrate with the experience workers are already having, augmenting manual processes as an assistant, reading and understanding forms, helping with data entry and making guided recommendations that can reduce errors and even remove potential bias. As AI enables analysis of dauntingly vast amounts of data, it can help employees achieve significant productivity gains of up to 30 or 40 percent^*, according to Accenture research, even with tasks that are already automated. “AI opens up new approaches for delivering services. Instead of requiring a workforce to plow through routine work, that low-hanging fruit is swept away so they can be more creative in applying techniques or mission processes to achieve their goals in new ways,” said Delmolino. “I see AI as a productivity booster.” Computers that think like we do There may be some lingering concern about AI taking jobs, but that’s not really the issue. AI is going to help agencies accomplish the totality of their missions more efficiently and effectively. “The reason those people took those jobs in the first place was to serve the public and execute the mission of their agency. AI puts them closer to that mission,” said Entis. AI unlocks the trapped value of data and applies advanced analytics to large data sets to predict trends and deliver new insights. It can do so in an unbiased and consistent manner, offering transparency and increasing citizens’ trust that their data is being used responsibly on their behalf. Automating routine processes and providing transparent guidance and advice to citizens with helpful AI facilitates a better experience with public services, now and in the future. “For decades, we’ve had to adapt our human behavior and think like computers to get them to do what we need them to do. With AI, computers are increasingly able to think like us and adapt to our needs, among them the need to be responsible and attentive to objectivity and trustworthiness,” said Delmolino. [Pullquote-2.png&w=60] Technology underpins a better government Ultimately, the role of AI is to transform the relationship between people and machines, improving how we live and work as individuals and a society. “Just as the introduction of computer technology in the past has helped government employees work better, smarter and faster, AI offers those employees new tools to help them make decisions more efficiently and effectively,” said Biniam Gebre, managing director of management consulting for Accenture Federal Services. We’ll use AI to reinvent processes and remove not only time and distance constraints but also human limitations. AI processes will improve themselves as they work, combining data in fresh ways to unlock new ideas. AI technology is less of a tool and more of a partner, a smart, fast and indefatigable helper that makes it possible for everyone to do better and more meaningful work. Amazing types of AI Below are terms that are key to understanding how a collection of technologies can work together to enable human-like behavior: Virtual Agents: Interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate naturally with humans to answer questions and perform business processes Machine Learning: Self-tuning applications that can: * Learn to reconfigure or adapt to new or changing inputs * Analyze data and uncover patterns * Identify outliers within data by searching for items outside clusters * Predict a user’s rating or preference for a given item Semantic Technologies: Software that encodes the meaning separately from the data in order to enable machines and people to understand what’s happening at execution time Video Analytics: Software that applies computer vision techniques on videos to detect events and patterns Biometric Identification: Systems that verify a user’s identity by extracting and comparing his or her unique biological characteristics or traits to those registered in the system Augmented Reality: Systems that use computer-generated sensory input, such as sound, video or location data to augment or supplement live images of a real-world environment Affective Computing: Technologies that detect the emotional state of a user and respond accordingly Robotic Process Automation: Systems that use software to mimic the work a user performs on a computer to automate tasks that are highly repetitive, are based on unchanging rules and use structured data as inputs Intelligent Automation: Systems that automate complex physical world tasks, can learn by experience and improve through repetition Learn more from Accenture Federal Services: Harnessing the power of AI. __________________________________________________________________ *Source: "Why Artificial Intelligence is the Future of Growth," Accenture 2016. * Share on FacebookShare * Share on TwitterTweet * Share via Email Content From [ACC_Logo_Black_PurpleGT.png] More From Accenture More From The Washington Post * 1 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Perspective The false alarm in Hawaii revealed an abdication of leadership by Trump * 2 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Hopes for immigration deal fade as lawmakers trade barbs and Trump declares dreamer program ‘probably dead’ * 3 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Here’s how this car got wedged in the upper wall of a two-story building * 4 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Meet the 24-year-old Trump campaign worker appointed to help lead the government’s drug policy office * 5 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] White House claims Wall Street Journal misquoted Trump as saying he has a good relationship with Kim Jong Un * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Trump’s apologists invite grave danger to our nation * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Ladies, let’s be reasonable about #MeToo or nothing will ever be sexy again subscribe The story must be told. Subscribe to The Washington Post Try 1 month for $1 [p?c1=2&c2=3005617&cv=2.0&cj=1] #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Retropolis Who betrayed Anne Frank? Artificial intelligence could finally solve the mystery. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. October 4, 2017 Follow @CleveWootson In this footage from July 22, 1941, Anne Frank is seen leaning out of the window of her house in Amsterdam to get a look at a couple who is celebrating their wedding day. This footage was taken before Anne's family went into hiding. (Anne Frank House museum) For nearly 75 years, some of the greatest investigative minds have tried to figure out who tipped off the Nazis about Anne Frank and the seven other Jews who were hiding behind a movable bookcase in Amsterdam. Now, a former FBI investigator working with a production company hopes the decades-old mystery can be solved with the help of a new mind — an artificial one. Vince Pankoke, who spent a chunk of his FBI career investigating Colombian drug cartels, has assembled a team of 20 researchers, data analysts and historians to look into what he calls “one of the biggest cold cases” of the 20th century. The most unconventional member of his team is a piece of specialized software that can cross-reference millions of documents — police reports, lists of Nazi spies, investigative files for Frank family sympathizers — to find connections and new leads. Proditione Media, a production company in the Netherlands, is soliciting donations to help fund Pankoke’s investigation, which will become the subject of a podcast — and possibly a documentary. The company, which asked Pankoke to lead the investigation, has also asked people with information or previously undisclosed documents to submit them on its website. Already, the investigation has generated new interest — and new information, Pankoke said. “The bottom line is until this day, there is nothing that’s really held water or been definitive,” he told The Washington Post. “The point of the investigation is fact-finding just to discover the truth. There is no statute of limitations on the truth.” [Researchers think they know where Amelia Earhart died — days after a photo suggested she lived] Anne Frank’s family spent more than two years in the secret annex at the back of her father’s store. They were discovered on a summer day in 1944 and sent to concentration camps. [AFP_J77UW.jpg&w=60] Photos taken in 1942 show Anne Frank, who died in a concentration camp in May 1945. (Getty Images) Before World War II was over, seven of the eight hiders were dead, including Anne, who died of typhus at age 15 at Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. Her father, Otto — the only person who hid behind the bookcase and survived — spent the rest of his life trying to figure out who tipped off the Nazis. He also published his daughter’s diary, which chronicled the rise of anti-Semitism in the Netherlands and has become required reading for students across the world. He long suspected his family was turned in by Willem van Maaren, a recently hired employee who was not in on the secret behind the bookcase. Van Maaren was suspicious and would set “traps” to discover anyone in the office after hours. In 1963, Otto Frank told a Dutch newspaper: “We suspected him all along.” Through the decades, others have been identified as potential betrayers, including a prominent Dutch Nazi by the name of Tonny Ahlers, and the wife of an employee who helped the Frank family hide. The betrayer shouldn’t have been hard to determine — the Nazis kept meticulous records — but the details surrounding the home in Amsterdam were believed destroyed in a 1946 bombing, making an easy identification impossible. Investigations in 1947 and 1963 turned up nothing, and the identity of the Frank family’s betrayer appeared lost to history. But there are still reams of documents, including some that have been shipped to the United States and transferred to microfilm. That avalanche of information could be key to finding out how the Nazis learned about the Franks. [What Americans thought of Jewish refugees on the eve of World War II] Anne Frank’s Amsterdam was a maze of danger for the eight hiding Jews. The annex where they lived could be seen easily from several nearby homes. A curtain accidentally left open or a loud noise at the wrong time could lead to discovery. They relied on counterfeit food-ration coupons to stay alive, operations that involved sympathetic collaborators and were heavily scrutinized by police. A computer-generated map shows Anne Frank’s house (in green) surrounded by Nazi sympathizers and informants. (Vince Pankoke) Dutch officers were paid for every Jew they turned over to the Nazis, Pankoke said. They leaned heavily and sometimes violently on people suspected of helping Jews avoid the Nazis. The hiders’ collaborators had family members who could have tipped off police. Anne Frank chronicled moments when the people in the annex made mistakes that could have been seen by neighbors. Pankoke believes all the investigative avenues haven’t been explored. He estimates it would take a human being a decade to go through all the documents and parse out possible connections. A computer designed by the big-data company Xomnia could process the same information in seconds. “There is, of course, all possible types of administration done by the Germans of the time,” Thijs Baynes, the filmmaker behind the project, told the Guardian. “And there is an even bigger circle of circumstantial evidence. What [Dutch Nazi party] members were in the neighborhood? What connections were with the Gestapo? Where were Gestapo agents living? “To find that kind of information you have to go through millions of documents.” Pankoke is working to acquire more of those documents. He’s spent the past few months squinting at microfilm in Amsterdam and at a National Archives facility outside Washington, trying to find relevant data. He’s also become an expert on previous investigations that sought Anne Frank’s betrayer. Pankoke started working for the FBI in the 1980s, spending his first four years as an agent in a small field office in Wisconsin. In 1992, he was transferred to Miami, where he helped build cases against Colombian cartels. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, he was involved in FBI undercover operations, including cases that took him out of the country, he said. He retired two years ago. But that didn’t last long. “Unfortunately, my wife is looking at me and saying, ‘I thought we were going to be retired and taking cruises,’” the 59-year-old said, noting that his investigation could last into 2019. Vince Pankoke. (Courtesy of Cold Case Diary) Pankoke has always had a keen interest in World War II. His father and three uncles all served. While in the FBI, he remembers driving by the Anne Frank House and marveling that no one had figured out who betrayed her family. He said a small part of him realizes there may be no smoking gun. The key piece of data could have been destroyed. Or there may be heft to a recent report that says there was no betrayer at all, and that Anne Frank’s discovery was an unfortunate coincidence. That theory was posited in a research paper put out by the Anne Frank House itself. Published late last year, the paper suggested that three men Otto Frank later identified as investigators weren’t looking for enemies of Nazis, but were likely assigned to track down people committing ration card fraud or those dodging military service. The museum’s research is backed up by other historical documents, along with words written in Anne Frank’s own hand: She talked about the arrests of men who had been caught dealing in illegal ration cards “so we have no coupons.” Such arrests were often reported to authorities, who regularly came across hiding Jews as they tried to sniff out people with phony ration cards. In a statement this week, the Anne Frank House said it was keeping an open mind about Pankoke’s research and has cooperated with his team. “The background to and the exact details of the arrest of Anne Frank are issues that many people still find very compelling,” the statement read. “We want to tell the life story of Anne Frank as completely as possible, so it is also important to take a close look at the raid that brought an end to the period in hiding.” It added: “Despite decades of research, betrayal as a point of departure has delivered nothing conclusive. . . . We are pleased that ‘Cold Case Diary’ is also carrying out research into the arrest and following new leads, and we are interested to see the results.” [Russian ‘cannibal couple’ may have drugged, killed and eaten as many as 30 people, police say] Pankoke told The Post his investigators have already made some discoveries. They haven’t identified Anne Frank’s betrayers, but they’ve figured out who betrayed at least one other family that was hiding from the Nazis. “It’s because we’re using artificial intelligence, because we’re casting such a broad net,” he said. “I know of one instance we’ve found — and we’re looking hard at another one. We’ve only scratched the surface.” Eventually, he hopes to be able to show relatives of some victims the kopgeld (head price) receipt that a betrayer got for turning someone in. That, he said, would give their families something they haven’t had before: closure. Anne Frank, Pankoke said, “is a symbol of the youth and what the people who were in hiding went through. She’s famous because she so eloquently documents this. But all of the other people who were in hiding, and their collaborators, they’re just as important; they’re just not as famous.” Read more: Six Nazi spies were executed in D.C. White supremacists gave them a memorial — on federal land. How a 7-year-old Aleppo girl on Twitter became our era’s Anne Frank Amelia Earhart didn’t die in a plane crash, investigators say. This is their theory. People thought this iconic Oregon rock formation fell on its own. Then a video emerged. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures ‘Automation is here to help, not replace.’ Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures Amrutha Alluri, 11th grade, Roosevelt High School, Sioux Falls Published 2:56 p.m. ET July 10, 2017 XXX IMG_GOOGLE_CHROMESCREENS_1_1_FNDKR5NL.JPG Apple Siri can now name songs, via Shazam.(Photo: Apple) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Siri, Alexa, Cortana and Watson – more than just common names – they are a few examples of artificial intelligence people use every day. Defined, artificial intelligence is not just one technology, but rather a group of related technologies that are able to perform tasks that humans can do such as language translation, speech recognition and visual perception. A.I. is part of the technologies many companies, hospitals and research centers now utilize for various types of jobs. A.I. makes life easier. Watson, used in IBM, is a supercomputer having analytical software and performs as a “question answering” machine. A.I. has become part of the workforce. Looking specifically into cancer research, A.I. has helped many medical professionals predict what combinations for existing drugs could work for certain types of cancer And then, there is Tesla – a self-driving car that is loaded with all sorts of the latest updates that make the car smarter. It has its own radar, optical camera and a technology that will help prevent Tesla cars from being involved in fewer accidents. Also, don’t forget the GPS that nearly everybody has and can’t live without. A.I. is everywhere. Yet, for all its progress, A.I. has its naysayers, claiming it will replace skilled workers or perhaps be used for evil purposes. Though concerns and risks can’t be dismissed, A.I. is a realistic tool. Automation is here to help, not replace. It just makes life better. And who could complain about that? Read or Share this story: http://argusne.ws/2v4sBYT Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! News IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Associated Press IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM's nearby research center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Fashion & Style|Artificial Intelligence as a Threat (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/1AiNSPn 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Fashion & Style Artificial Intelligence as a Threat Disruptions By NICK BILTON NOV. 5, 2014 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Jamec C. Best, Jr./The New York Times Ebola sounds like the stuff of nightmares. Bird flu and SARS also send shivers down my spine. But I’ll tell you what scares me most: artificial intelligence. The first three, with enough resources, humans can stop. The last, which humans are creating, could soon become unstoppable. Before we get into what could possibly go wrong, let me first explain what artificial intelligence is. Actually, skip that. I’ll let someone else explain it: Grab an iPhone and ask Siri about the weather or stocks. Or tell her “I’m drunk.” Her answers are artificially intelligent. Right now these artificially intelligent machines are pretty cute and innocent, but as they are given more power in society, these machines may not take long to spiral out of control. Advertisement Continue reading the main story In the beginning, the glitches will be small but eventful. Maybe a rogue computer momentarily derails the stock market, causing billions in damage. Or a driverless car freezes on the highway because a software update goes awry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story But the upheavals can escalate quickly and become scarier and even cataclysmic. Imagine how a medical robot, originally programmed to rid cancer, could conclude that the best way to obliterate cancer is to exterminate humans who are genetically prone to the disease. Nick Bostrom, author of the book “Superintelligence,” lays out a number of petrifying doomsday settings. One envisions self-replicating nanobots, which are microscopic robots designed to make copies of themselves. In a positive situation, these bots could fight diseases in the human body or eat radioactive material on the planet. But, Mr. Bostrom says, a “person of malicious intent in possession of this technology might cause the extinction of intelligent life on Earth.” Artificial-intelligence proponents argue that these things would never happen and that programmers are going to build safeguards. But let’s be realistic: It took nearly a half-century for programmers to stop computers from crashing every time you wanted to check your email. What makes them think they can manage armies of quasi-intelligent robots? I’m not alone in my fear. Silicon Valley’s resident futurist, Elon Musk, recently said artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes.” And Stephen Hawking, one of the smartest people on earth, wrote that successful A. I. “would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last.” There is a long list of computer experts and science fiction writers also fearful of a rogue robot-infested future. Two main problems with artificial intelligence lead people like Mr. Musk and Mr. Hawking to worry. The first, more near-future fear, is that we are starting to create machines that can make decisions like humans, but these machines don’t have morality and likely never will. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The second, which is a longer way off, is that once we build systems that are as intelligent as humans, these intelligent machines will be able to build smarter machines, often referred to as superintelligence. That, experts say, is when things could really spiral out of control as the rate of growth and expansion of machines would increase exponentially. We can’t build safeguards into something that we haven’t built ourselves. “We humans steer the future not because we’re the strongest beings on the planet, or the fastest, but because we are the smartest,” said James Barrat, author of “Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era.” “So when there is something smarter than us on the planet, it will rule over us on the planet.” What makes it harder to comprehend is that we don’t actually know what superintelligent machines will look or act like. “Can a submarine swim? Yes, but it doesn’t swim like a fish,” Mr. Barrat said. “Does an airplane fly? Yes, but not like a bird. Artificial intelligence won’t be like us, but it will be the ultimate intellectual version of us.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Perhaps the scariest setting is how these technologies will be used by the military. It’s not hard to imagine countries engaged in an arms race to build machines that can kill. Bonnie Docherty, a lecturer on law at Harvard University and a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch, said that the race to build autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence — which is already underway — is reminiscent of the early days of the race to build nuclear weapons, and that treaties should be put in place now before we get to a point where machines are killing people on the battlefield. “If this type of technology is not stopped now, it will lead to an arms race,” said Ms. Docherty, who has written several reports on the dangers of killer robots. “If one state develops it, then another state will develop it. And machines that lack morality and mortally should not be given power to kill.” So how do we ensure that all these doomsday situations don’t come to fruition? In some instances, we likely won’t be able to stop them. (Submit) But we can hinder some of the potential chaos by following the lead of Google. Earlier this year when the search-engine giant acquired DeepMind, a neuroscience-inspired, artificial intelligence company based in London, the two companies put together an artificial intelligence safety and ethics board that aims to ensure these technologies are developed safely. Demis Hassabis, founder and chief executive of DeepMind, said in a video interview that anyone building artificial intelligence, including governments and companies, should do the same thing. “They should definitely be thinking about the ethical consequences of what they do,” Dr. Hassabis said. “Way ahead of time.” A version of this article appears in print on November 6, 2014, on Page E2 of the New York edition with the headline: Artificial Intelligence as a Threat. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Technology, labor shortages, demographics and other factors could alter working conditions and jobs themselves in the future. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Subscribe Today Log In Subscribed, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Russ Wiles, The Republic | azcentral.com Published 7:00 a.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 | Updated 1:55 p.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 IFRAME: 105162868 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. Tom Tingle/azcentral.com Robots Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, left, talks about Baxter the robot with Ph.D. student Simon Stepputtis, middle, and masters student Trevor Richardson at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017.(Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE You might not be in your dream job. Most likely, you don't make as much money as you would like. But let's face it: Today's employment market has improved substantially over the past several years. The nation already is nearly back to what economists call full employment, with a U.S. jobless rate easing to near 4 percent. But that favorable trend masks a lot of pain, dislocation and disruption for people in certain occupations, with more coming. Robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures are almost certain to alter the employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years, for better or worse. Here are some of the ways jobs and employment could change over the next five or 10 years: Your co-worker: A robot Robotics and automation already have made huge inroads, especially in manufacturing. Get ready for more changes ahead. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. The researchers examined more than 700 occupations, examining the tasks workers perform, the skills required and the engineering obstacles currently preventing computerization. Tasks less at risk are those requiring creative and social skills. Jobs in transportation, logistics and office administration are at high risk for replacement. Driverless vehicles, including big trucks, already are on the highways. While robots mainly have been utilized so far in manufacturing, millions of service jobs could be next, according to the Oxford report. Automation in service industries could be more significant, given that the service sector has a lot more jobs than manufacturing and agriculture. A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. By contrast, occupations with a low risk of displacement include recreational therapists, social workers, mechanic supervisors, health technicians and hearing-aid specialists. Technological advances are a double-edged sword. They will wipe out some jobs but create others. In retail, for example, automation has resulted in self-service cashier lanes. But the pending adoption of computerized reading glasses or goggles will give shoppers the ability to walk down grocery aisles and spot foods with certain traits such as those that are gluten-free or vegan, said John Challenger, CEO of outplacement-firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Other emerging products or apps will allow you to detect and identify desired products more easily with your smartphone. “Some of these new technologies will ultimately create jobs," he said. "Workers with experience using augmented or virtual reality will see the most opportunities, as will those who can help guide customers in this new experience or train fellow staff." A recent Ball State University study listed a number A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. (Photo: Tom Tingle/Special for The Republic) Robotics revolution Eventually, the adoption of robots and automation will become national trends. But so far, especially for robots, the impact has been concentrated. The Brookings Institution recently mapped the prevalence of industrial robots and noted a heavy cluster in Midwestern states and those in the Upper South where the auto industry is focused. More than half the nation’s 233,300 industrial robots are "burning welds, painting cars, assembling products, handling materials or packaging things in just 10 Midwestern and Southern states," the report said. Michigan alone has 12 percent of the nation's industrial robots, compared to 13 percent for all Western states combined. Ohio, Indiana and Tennessee also use robots extensively. The increased use of industrial robots will eliminate some jobs, including dangerous, repetitive and physically demanding ones, but it could create new ones. In addition to engineers who will be needed to design these machines and technicians to maintain and program them, others eventually will work side by side with robots, said Heni Ben Amor, an assistant engineering professor at Arizona State University. "In the past, there was a human/robot physical barrier because robots can be dangerous if you get hit by one," he said. "The new trend will bring the two worlds together." For example, he said humans could do work requiring physical dexterity, such as attaching small screws, while robots do heavy lifting or more repetitive tasks. Lingering unease Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, right, demonstrates a manufacturing robot with Ph.D. student Kevin Luck, left, and visiting molecular medicine scientist Tamara Blätte, at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Ben Amor said he's excited about the potential for job gains with advances in robotics. "It's going to create way more jobs than the number lost," he predicted. Ben Amor considers driverless vehicles to fall under the banner of robotics, as both involve machines or systems perceiving changes in the environment and taking actions in response. He believes Arizona could have a bright future in the development of driverless cars and trucks, given that Uber, Alphabet, General Motors and Intel all have tested such vehicles on public roads around the Valley. The unusual concentration of tests here has attracted the attention of a lot of smart students and young entrepreneurs who want to work for those companies or start their own, he said. Still, the adoption of robots and artificial intelligence often causes public anxiety over job losses. This anxiety spills over into politics. "It is telling that the robot incidence in red states that voted for President Trump in November is more than twice that in the blue states that voted for Hillary Clinton," Brookings noted in its report. While Arizona has fewer robots and thus less robot-induced anxiety, the state lags in other respects affecting jobs, prosperity and employment. For example, Arizona has a higher proportion of low-wage jobs, 27.8 percent, than the 24.2 percent national average, according to a report by Prosperity Now. The average pay of $49,700 in Arizona runs about $3,200 below the U.S. average, and a slightly smaller percentage of local employers offer health insurance to their workers. Jobs remain, but education needed Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) The pressures from robots, artificial intelligence and global outsourcing are serious, but the outlook isn't entirely bleak. The nation's economy is robust, resilient and innovative. New jobs will be created in new industries, as has regularly occurred in the past. A recent study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce estimates that there are still 30 million "good jobs" out there for workers who lack college degrees. Such jobs offer median or midpoint annual pay of $55,000 (and a minimum of $35,000). Many are found in health care, finance and information technology. Such positions have steadily replaced formerly good jobs in traditional blue-collar industries. For example, 25 years ago a machinist making $44,000 exemplified a good manufacturing job. Today, that description applies to a computer-support technician earning $60,000 a year. Other examples of good jobs cited in the report include financial managers, sales representatives and engineering technicians. Still, the study noted that the educational requirements for good jobs are rising. While college degrees aren't required, some higher education usually is. For workers with no more than a high school diploma, the number of good jobs has dropped by more than 1 million since 1991. By contrast, the number of good jobs for workers with an associate's degree has climbed by 3 million over that span. "To compete effectively, workers need some level of post-secondary education and training," the report said. "In addition, a variety of non-degree credentials are sometimes necessary to get those jobs, or to advance in them." Reviving trade jobs Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Ben Amor discusses robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures that are almost certain to alter employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Higher education is important, but many well-paying jobs don't require time spent in college classrooms. An estimated 10,000 or more unfilled jobs are in Arizona's construction trades — plumbers, electricians, dry-wall specialists, carpenters and others. The Brewer Companies, a large Phoenix plumbing company that includes Benjamin Franklin Plumbing on the retail side, is having such a hard time attracting workers that it has slowed its growth so that customer service and quality don't suffer. Brewer, which is looking for candidates to fill 35 open positions, could have grown at least 15 percent this year, said the company's CEO, Mike Brewer. Brewer offers paid apprenticeships for people wanting to become plumbers. Prior experience isn't needed, but applicants must be responsible and eager to work. "Will these people show up on time and work all day?" he asked. "It's not rocket science." Promising, doomed occupations Factors other than robotics, foreign competition and education affect jobs. So do industry strengths or weaknesses, customer demand and more. Kiplinger.com recently sorted through 785 occupations to glean what it considers the 10 best and worst, based on current average pay and future growth prospects. The 10 best are focused on technology and health care. In the tech field, promising positions include app developers and computer-systems analysts, while the health sector offers bright outlooks for nurse practitioners, physical therapists, health-services managers, physician assistants, dental hygienists and speech-language pathologists. Rounding out Kiplinger's top 10 are market-research analysts and financial advisers. The worst occupations are more varied but include many manufacturing positions such as textile-machine workers, photo processors, furniture finishers, metal/plastic machine operators and print binding/finishing workers. Robotics along with general technical obsolescence are dooming some of these jobs. Other positions with poor prospects, partly because they are highly competitive or offer low pay, include radio/TV announcers, legislators, floral designers, gaming cashiers and door-to-door salespeople, according to Kiplinger. STEM jobs — those in science, technology, engineering or math — enjoy especially good prospects. "The jobs of the future, no matter the industry or level, are no doubt going to involve at least a rudimentary knowledge of technology," said Challenger. People who enter a STEM profession will have a leg up on the competition, he added. Top STEM-focused jobs cited by his company for 2017 include computer-system analysts, statisticians, software developers, mathematicians and financial advisers. Median salaries in each of those fields already top $80,000, with unemployment rates below 2.5 percent. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. (Photo: Tom TIngle/The Republic) Part-time work: An expanding option? The assumption is that most people want full-time jobs with a range of benefits, but that's not necessarily so. In fact, more than one in six U.S. workers currently labor part-time, and many of these people do so from home. A part-time, remote job can be ideal for working parents, semi-retirees, individuals with health issues, military spouses and career changers, said Sara Sutton Fell, CEO of FlexJobs, a job-search website. Companies of all sizes and across a range of industries hire part-time, remote workers, she noted, citing nurses, accountants and digital-marketing strategists as examples. So too for tutors, writers and editors, computer coders, interpreters and customer-service representatives. With so many baby boomers in good health, part-time jobs remain an attractive option for young retirees — a way to remain socially engaged while generating extra income. In fact, 79 percent of workers polled recently by the Employee Benefit Research Institute said they plan to work for pay in retirement. However, just 29 percent of retirees, in the same poll, said they actually work or have worked for pay. This survey has consistently found a wide gap between the expectations of current workers to stay employed and the proportion of retirees who are. But with looming job shortages in some occupations and increasing employer flexibility, part-time work for retirees might be more feasible in coming years. Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com or 602-444-8616. READ MORE: Arizona doesn't have enough construction workers; contractors paying higher wages Will helping inmates hone skills, find jobs keep them out of prison? Conair warehouse in Glendale creates 350 jobs, huge corporate campus Low savings, poor jobs imperil Arizonans' prosperity, study says Summer jobs for teens are vanishing CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://azc.cc/2gyli6m Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Facebook CEO says AI naysayers can be "irresponsible." Musk says Zuckerberg's knowledge of AI "limited." Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Talking Tech Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 7:29 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 | Updated 11:30 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103987064 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg have very differing opinions of artificial intelligence, and their battle is heating up. Time This might be the closest thing we have to a tech beef. Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has been vocal about his concerns over the rise in artificial intelligence. Musk worries AI could be used in a way that threatens humanity. Recently, he implored governments to start enacting laws to regulate how AI is built and used. On Saturday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg hosted a live chat from his backyard (while grilling, of course). A viewer asked him about Musk's concerns and how he felt about AI. Zuckerberg said he's "really optimistic" for AI, and questions those naysayers "who drum up doomsday scenarios" about the technology. "It’s really negative," said Zuckerberg. "And in some ways, I think it’s really irresponsible." He notes while AI -- like any technology -- could be used for evil purposes, he sees the possibilities AI brings, including safer cars and tech that can better diagnose disease. "I’m just much more optimistic in general on this," he said. On Tuesday, Musk responded on Twitter after a user shared a story recapping Zuckerberg's comments. "I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited," wrote Musk. I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited. — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 25, 2017 In 2015, Musk and other big names in tech helped launch Open AI, a non-profit aimed at "discovering and enacting the path to safe, artificial general intelligence." A year later, tech giants including Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft formed a Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society to explore best practices for AI. Tesla was among the companies absent. Zuckerberg has been bullish about AI, even building his own smart home system inspired by Iron Man's Jarvis. Musk embraces AI, too, notably through Tesla and its autopilot self-driving system. But Musk has regularly expressed fears AI could grow out of control without proper safeguards. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but rather that it will follow the will of people that establish its utility function or its optimization function, and that ... if it is not well thought out – even if its intent is benign – it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said in a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there Christopher Elliott, Special for USA TODAY Published 3:00 p.m. MT Aug. 27, 2017 FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedIn Tips and tricks all travelers should know Fullscreen [facebook-loading.gif] Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with a thorough search. Check an online travel agency like Expedia or Booking.com or call your travel agent. Check the rate against the price your preferred hotel would charge if you book direct. 2. Review the restrictions. Hotels can impose restrictions for booking through their site, like making their rooms non-refundable, so read the conditions closely before deciding where to go. You might be better off working with a big agency that has negotiated better terms. 3. Check the incentives. Ask yourself if you really need the points or the upgrade. Red Roof Fullscreen Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating out. If you order takeout, no tip is expected because no table service is provided. 2. Visit a business with a no-tipping policy. But beware: Instead, some "no tipping" restaurants add a mandatory "service charge" of 18% to 20%. 3. Avoid the outstretched hands. (You can.) You can stay in vacation rentals, rent a car or use mass transit, buy your food in a grocery store and take the self-guided tour and avoid having to leave a tip. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 1. Carry a vacation rental emergency kit. If you're staying at a rental, be prepared. Consider an emergency kit with towels, toilet paper, soap and detergent. 2. Consider renting through a service. Companies such as Vacasa, Wyndham Vacation Rentals and TurnKey Vacation Rentals go beyond bare-bones listings. 3. Just ask. Vacation rental owners can be very accommodating. Getty Images Fullscreen How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click the unsubscribe button. Every legitimate email campaign must have one. The sooner you click it, the louder your message to the hotel, tour operator or cruise line that these high-pressure tactics won't be tolerated. 2. Say "no" — and say why. Most travel companies will offer a "feedback" option when you opt out of an email campaign. Tell them why you're unsubscribing, especially if the annoyance affects whether you'd do business with them again. 3. Tell the feds. Complain to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) if a business is emailing you without consent. Under the CAN-SPAM Act, you have the right to end the seemingly relentless emails. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent to a supervisor. Ask for a Supervisory Transportation Security Officer (STSO) immediately. 2. Complain in writing. You can send an email directly to the TSA (tsa.gov/contact-center/form/complaints). 3. Contact your elected representative. You can contact your representative online at house.gov/representatives/find. Congress has tried to hold the agency accountable for its actions in the past, and its vigilance is bipartisan. Scott Olson, Getty Images Fullscreen Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been denied: 1. Your state insurance commissioner. To find your insurance commissioner, visit the National Association of Insurance Commissioners site: naic.org/index_members.htm. Some travelers have reported that their claims were honored after copying their state insurance commissioner on their appeal. 2. The Better Business Bureau (BBB). The BBB investigates claims of this nature, but it has little sway over the final outcome of your appeal. 3. A consumer advocate. Even though travel insurance companies operate "by the book," they can be prodded into changing their minds by an outside party. Check out the National Association of Consumer Advocates site for a referral: consumeradvocates.org. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you shouldn't go. Generally, you should avoid flying if you're sick, recovering from a serious illness or have a condition that is easily exacerbated by the stress of flying. 2. Don't fly if you're contagious.Airlines will issue a credit and may waive the change fee if you can prove you were sick at the time you were supposed to fly. 3. Avoid flights that could divert. Some flights are likelier to experience a medical emergency than others, particularly those to destinations that tend to attract retirees or passengers in poor health. Flights to Las Vegas, Miami and Fort Lauderdale may fall into that category. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. It doesn't just save space, it can prevent wrinkles. 2. Spray 'em out. Wrinkle-release sprays can fix travel-related wrinkles in a pinch. 3. Don't overpack — or underpack. “Wrinkling is caused when the bag is underpacked or overstuffed, so add or remove items until you have the perfect amount of items to keep the items in place while traveling," advises author Tori Toth. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 1. Cite the rules, chapter and verse. If you have a strong case for compensation or a refund, it'll be in the contract. 2. Lawyer up — without lawyering up. Without threatening to go to court, let the company know that it may be violating the law (if, indeed, it is). 3. Appeal to a company's customer service culture. Travel companies frequently promote warranties, customer promises or mission statements that claim to put you first. A quick reference to these documents can be enough to persuade an airline, car rental company, hotel or cruise line to do the right thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing medical conditions. Though some policies offer a waiver for medical conditions, you have to make sure you meet all of its conditions. 2. Changing your mind. Don't want to take the vacation? Most insurance won't cover you, but you can always go for a more expensive "cancel for any reason" policy, which would. 3. Psychological or nervous disorders. If you can't board a flight because you're afraid of flying, you generally can't file a successful claim. 4. Partying too hard. If you had a little too much to drink the night before your return flight and missed it, don't bother filing a claim. scyther5, Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration dates. Both visas and passports have an expiration date. Be aware of them, and make sure you don't overstay. 2. Take the right photo. Countries are specific about their requirements (no sunglasses, no hats, specific formatting). 3. Remember, a visa isn't a guarantee of admission. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal recommendation remains the best way to find a competent travel professional. 2. Use an agent finder. The American Society of Travel Agents publishes a directory of its agents at Travelsense.org. Also, check a consortium such as Virtuoso or Travel Leaders. 3. Look for the title. The Certified Travel Associate (CTA) and Certified Travel Counselor (CTC) designations issued by The Travel Institute are signs that your agent has taken the time to study up on the industry. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine print. Many surprises aren't surprises at all — they're just "gotchas" concealed in the fine print. Look for the "terms and conditions" in small type. Don't ignore them. 2. Ask before you rent. Does your car insurance cover the vehicle? How about your credit card? The only way to know for certain is to ask. If you assume, you may be stuck with an unnecessary bill. 3. Resolve in real time. Don't wait until you get home to fix a bad surprise. Most problems can be resolved at the counter. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's record. Fake reviews are often posted by accounts with little or no additional review history. 2. Show and tell. Talk is cheap, but photos of a resort or restaurant are harder to fake. You might think twice before trusting a detailed review without photos. 3. Look for extremes. If you see a one-star or a five-star rating or a lot of superlatives in the description, chances are you're looking at a fake. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, but don't over explain. 2. Avoid a confrontation. Restaurants and other establishments generally push you to offer a tip privately. Just leave the tip field on your credit card slip blank or decline to leave extra cash. 3. Use the system to your advantage. For example, can the employee see the tip amount you're authorizing on Square? Not always. If you don't believe you should be tipping, just click the "no tip" field and sign the screen. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out of downtown areas. Restricted zones are largely confined to heavily congested city centers. 2. Do the math. Pay particular attention to the difference between kilometers and miles, and slow down unless you want a speeding ticket! 3. Read the signs. Look for red circles with the words "Zona Traffico Limitato" in them when you're in Italy. In Germany, it's called an "Umweltzone." In Britain, the signs read, "Congestion Charging" and "Central Zone." Getty Images Fullscreen How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some cruise lines offer single cabins. And some tour operators charge modest single supplements. 2. Non-refundable tickets: Southwest Airlines has some of the most passenger-friendly fares and fees, when it comes to changes. 3. Fuel surcharges: Fortunately, these fees must be included in the price of your ticket. But if you see an airline with high fuel surcharges in time of lower oil prices, you may want to seek one that doesn't. 4. Resort fees: Don't stay at a hotel with resort fees. It's the only way to send a message that you don't tolerate these misrepresentations. Steve Mason, Getty Images Fullscreen How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. Don't play fast and loose with your ID. Your passport and ID are some of the most important travel documents. Don't leave them in your hotel room. And when you carry them on your person, keep them close to you, preferably in a money belt or travel wallet. 2. Keep 'em separated. Don't store critical documents in the same place. You may need one in order to replace the other. 3. Upload copies of critical documents online. A copy of a document by itself will not allow you to travel, but it can make the process to replace a passport a whole lot easier. Michael Reynolds, EPA Fullscreen How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage cubes allow you to compress lots of clothes into a compact space. 2. Vacuum pack it. You'd be surprised how much air is between the clothes in your carry-on. A vacuum packing technology can create even more space, although your clothes may be a little wrinkly. 3. Roll it. Instead of folding your clothes and pushing them into the bag, fold and then roll. Even without a cube or vacuum pack, you'll fit more in your luggage. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting and late flights. Generally, the more connections you make, and the later in the day your flight leaves, the greater the chances something will go wrong. 2. Know your rights. By far the best resource for airline consumer rights, at least when it comes to federal regulations, is the DOT's Fly Rights brochure, which is available online. Also, check your airline's contract of carriage. 3. Be grateful. Take a deep breath and appreciate the big picture. If your flight lands safely, that's the most important thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. Stay at a hotel with top-notch reviews or customer service scores. 2. Check in and check out. If a hotel doesn't meet your standards, don't let an employee talk you into staying, even if you've prepaid for your stay. Leave and ask for a refund. If you don't get it, dispute the charges on your credit card. 3. Report the hotel. If you check into a property that's unlivable, your next call needs to be to the health department to report the condition of the hotel. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with names you trust. Airbnb, VRBO and FlipKey have legitimate rentals and higher standards. 2. Assume nothing. Every vacation rental comes with linens, right? Wrong. 3. Never wire money. Wiring money can lead to the most unpleasant surprise of all: a rental that doesn't even exist. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're booking online, avoid pop-up blockers, unconventional browsers or anything that might interfere with the normal display process. Why? Clever operatives can hide their disclosures in places that can't be seen if you're browsing in an unconventional way. 2. Use a big screen. Making reservations on a tiny phone screen is just asking for trouble. 3. Review the grand total. Almost always, you'll find every required extra, including taxes and fees, as part of the "final" charge. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. Tolls: Car rental companies add extra fees for using their transponders, sometimes charging by the day. Either bring your own toll transponder or avoid tolls with a reliable mapping app. 2. High insurance rates: Car rental insurance can be found in unexpected places, including your own credit card, travel insurance policy or as a standalone product from your online travel agency. 3. Tickets: Download an app like Speed Cameras & Traffic by Sygic, which lets you see the speed limit for the road you are traveling on, or CamSam Plus, which alerts you to speed cameras. Many GPS navigation systems also come equipped with traffic enforcement warnings. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. Stay with a hotel that offers hypoallergenic rooms, which are not scented. Most of the major chains now offer no-smell quarters. 2. If you smell something, say something. Some hotels pump smells into every part of the property. If you're sensitive to scents, don't wait until you're halfway through your visit to complain. 3. Fumigate your own room. If all else fails, open a window, or find the source of the smell and stop it. emera Technologies/Getty Images Fullscreen What to do at the airport for free while you wait: What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 1. See the art. Phoenix Sky Harbor, for example, has an impressive collection of art. 2. Watch the planes. One of the best places to plane-spot is Honolulu International Airport. Terminals there are connected by long, open-air walkways, where you can see the aircraft up close, smell the aircraft fuel and hear the deafening roar of aircraft engines revving up. 3. Take a hike. Stretch your legs before you take off by walking through the airport terminal. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will assign a desirable aisle seat to passengers who need the extra room or access to the lavatory. You can also ask a fellow passenger to switch with you after boarding. 2. Pull the card. If you have a loyalty card, you may be entitled to a better seat, even if you're sitting in economy class. 3. Pay for one. Airlines will love this suggestion because they'll make more money from you. But if avoiding a window or aisle is important, you may want to spend a few extra dollars. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your personal information private while How to keep your personal information private while traveling: 1. Use a virtual private network. A VPN creates a secure encrypted tunnel between your device and a server somewhere on the Internet. That makes it nearly impossible for someone on the same network to eavesdrop on your network traffic. 2. Tell your phone to say "no." Disable location services, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi when possible. 3. Use caution in rental cars. Either manually enter the address into the car’s navigation system or use your own device, but don't connect to the infotainment system. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's less noise. The front of the aircraft is less noisy and tends to have a quieter kind of passenger (read: business travelers). On a train, look for the quiet cars. 2. Block it. Noise canceling headsets can filter out unwanted noise. But if you're serious about avoiding noise pollution, always travel with a pair of earplugs. 3. Timing is everything. Don't expect to get much quiet if you're in New Orleans around Mardi Gras or in one of the popular spring break destinations in March. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign up for a company's frequent-renter program, which allows you to state your preferences before you arrive. That could make you less vulnerable to upgrade, downgrade and option games. 2. Automated check-in kiosks limit the amount of interaction with a salesperson. But pay close attention to what you're agreeing to on the screen. 3. Carry a copy of your car insurance or evidence of insurance through your travel insurance policy or credit card. If you don't, a representative could pressure you — or even deny you the keys to a car. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol and drugs are a major factor of in-flight incidents. So book an early morning flight to avoid heavily intoxicated passengers. 2. Avoid tight quarters. Use a site such as Routehappy that finds flights based on amenities and comfort. 3. And choose the right seat. A bulkhead row, exit row or seat near the galley might be less likely to be the scene of a midair disturbance. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with 1 of 31 * Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating 2 of 31 * How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 3 of 31 * How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click 4 of 31 * How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent 5 of 31 * Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been 6 of 31 * How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you 7 of 31 * How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. 8 of 31 * How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 9 of 31 * What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing 10 of 31 * How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration 11 of 31 * How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal 12 of 31 * How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine 13 of 31 * How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's 14 of 31 * How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, 15 of 31 * How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out 16 of 31 * How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some 17 of 31 * How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. 18 of 31 * How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage 19 of 31 * How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting 20 of 31 * How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. 21 of 31 * How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with 22 of 31 * How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're 23 of 31 * How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid 24 of 31 * How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. 25 of 31 * What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 26 of 31 * How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will 27 of 31 * How to keep your personal information private while 28 of 31 * How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's 29 of 31 * How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign 30 of 31 * How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol 31 of 31 Autoplay Show Thumbnails Show Captions Last SlideNext Slide XXX IMG_IMG_3252.PNG_1_1_T5HUR530.JPG Chatbots now work well for ordering a pizza, but managing a complex travel itinerary is a different story.(Photo: Facebook) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Ask any technology expert about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in travel and they'll breathlessly tell you we're on the verge of a revolution. They'll describe a world in the not-too-distant future where smart applications can find and book a bargain airfare, manage your trip and troubleshoot any problems that might come up with greater speed and efficiency than any human travel agent. But ask any traveler to describe their experience with AI, and you might hear a different story: One of struggling to be understood by technology that claims to be smart. These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Technology may be good and getting better, but nothing replaces a person. That's unlikely to change for a while, and maybe ever. Take my recent experience with Hipmunk, widely praised as the cleverest of the customer-facing AIs. I asked it repeatedly to recommend a cold-weather getaway. Instead, it suggested I book a getaway to Nassau, Bahamas. When asked for an island with lower temperatures, Hipmunk cheerfully changed my itinerary -- to a weekend in balmy Port Au Prince, Haiti. "I don't think that AI in travel is even remotely usable yet," says Brian Harniman, who founded Brand New Matter, a strategic advisory and venture capital firm that specializes in travel. "It's what people are talking about building in order to sound like they have cutting edge tech." Hipmunk shouldn't feel bad. In the recent past, social media chatbots have created their own incomprehensible language, spouted expletives and in one memorable case, two Chinese AIs churned out anti-revolutionary statements and had to be taken offline. Several travel chatbots I tested didn't even respond to my repeated text queries. Not knowing the difference between the Bahamas and Iceland is, by comparison, a relatively innocent mistake. "Every experience I've had has been a total waste of time," says Bruce Sweigert, who works for a travel technology company. "I would love to hear at least one positive anecdote about using artificial intelligence in travel." I asked travelers to tell me about their great AI experiences, but heard only crickets. Perhaps the they were too busy enjoying their AI-booked vacations. People in the industry, on the other hand, were downright chatty. They explained that my expectations of the technology, which is still in an early stage, are too high. AI is reasonably good at simple tasks, for now they say. "It can replace some of the simpler tasks," explains Kayne McGladrey, a computer security consultant in Bellingham, Wash. AI can help plan trips, recommend the least agonizing flight itineraries and handle some of the easier tasks handled by a hotel concierge, like recommending restaurants. There's a reason why this technology works so well: it's not that new. Applications like "Ask Julie," the Amtrak automated virtual travel assistant, are five years old. Julie can field basic questions about train schedules, but don't get too cute with her. For example, if you ask about how comfortable the trains are, she's likely to respond with, "I'm not sure how to answer that. I understand simple questions best. Can you try asking that in a different way?" Some of the latest applications can go further. For example, Avianca’s new AI, Carla, can confirm itineraries and flight status. For domestic flights in Colombia, passengers can even check-in through Carla using a mobile device. And Booking.com's new booking assistant allows you to get support for your upcoming hotel reservations, including fast responses to your most common stay-related requests, like "What's my check-in time?" But other chatbots are frustratingly one-dimensional. Ana, Copa Airlines' new web-based chatbot, seems more like a frequently-asked-questions section than an intelligent agent. It "suggests" questions from a pre-written list of queries. Even insiders admit that the most advanced system is easily foiled. "My Irish accent gets stronger the more frustrated I get," says Conor Brady, chief creative officer of Critical Mass, an experience design agency in New York. "And obviously travel can get stressful. So voice assistants stop understanding me, as I'm yelling into my phone to translate a street name in Hong Kong, or point me in the direction of a decent cup of coffee in Lisbon." Maybe you can have the best of both worlds. That's the idea behind new apps like Pana (pana.com/) and Lola (lola.com), which combine the best of AI with human agents. For now, letting the technology do the dirty work and allowing human agents to handle the complex stuff seems like the most reasonable course. The technologists are right: artificial intelligence will change the way you travel. But maybe not in the way they think -- or the way you think. Where to find good AI in travel Hopper (hopper.com): Serves personalized suggestions about trips you may be interested in, but haven't explicitly searched or watched, based on your activity in the app -- just like Netflix recommends movies you might like. Skyscanner (messenger.com/t/skyscanner): A social media chatbot that helps you quickly find a cheap airfare on Facebook Messenger. I found a bargain fare from Seattle to Hong Kong. But you have to be specific, giving it an exact city. It found the least expensive dates to fly. Carla, The CWT Personal Travel Assistant (cwtcarla.com/CarlaWeChat/): Still in development when I tested it, this AI chatbot for business travel has a lot of potential. It can make smarter recommendations on flight connections and lodgings, plus it memorizes your company's travel policy and your travel preferences. Christopher Elliott is a consumer advocate. Contact him at chris@elliott.org or visit elliott.org. CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2xEGAG2 Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! From The USA TODAY NETWORK These sites are part of the USA TODAY NETWORK. 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IBM, Associated Press file The IBM computer system known as Watson, at IBM’s research center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., will work in mining epic amounts of weather data to come up with actionable insights about the weather. By The Associated Press September 10, 2017 at 12:03 am [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free BOSTON— IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 2, 2018 Amazon will buy Target this year, analyst predicts * December 23, 2017 Apple said to develop EKG heart monitor for future watch * December 22, 2017 What can be done to prevent deadly car rammings? * December 16, 2017 Denver among the 10 U.S. metro areas with largest income gains since the recession Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM’s nearby research center in Cambridge, Mass. * Tags: * artificial intelligence * IBM * More Business News More in Business * A donation is made into a ... 6 ways the world of giving could change in 2018 January 14, 2018, 12:01 am From pessimism about new federal tax laws to politically-motivated “rage philanthropy,” 2018 promises to be transformational. * Crews work on new development along ... Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor January 14, 2018, 3:02 pm City leaders in Thornton last week signed off on a $3.75 million incentive package for Topgolf to build one of its sprawling dining and golf entertainment venues in the city. * Co-authors of the book Lakota Performers ... From Lookout Mountain to Belgium, setting the record straight on American Indian performers January 14, 2018, 12:01 am Despite what many may think, Buffalo Bill and Wild West Shows helped preserve Lakota culture, authors say. * The original Denver Branch building, located ... A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank January 14, 2018, 12:01 am A century before Amazon created a national frenzy to host its second headquarters, U.S. cities battled to claim one of a dozen regional banks that would make up the newly formed Federal Reserve system. 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Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free China aims to make the artificial intelligence industry a “new, important” driver of economic expansion by 2020, according to a development plan issued by the State Council. Policymakers want to be global leaders, with the AI industry generating more than 400 billion yuan ($59 billion) of output per year by 2025, according to an announcement from the Cabinet late Thursday. Key development areas include AI software and hardware, intelligent robotics and vehicles, virtual reality and augmented reality, it said. “Artificial intelligence has become the new focus of international competition,” the report said. “We must take the initiative to firmly grasp the next stage of AI development to create a new competitive advantage, open the development of new industries and improve the protection of national security.” The plan highlights China’s ambition to become a world power backed by its technology business giants, research centers and military, which are investing heavily in AI. Globally, the technology will contribute as much as $15.7 trillion to output by 2030, according to a PwC report last month. That’s more than the current combined output of China and India. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-2.html “The positive economic ripples could be pretty substantial,” said Kevin Lau, a senior economist at Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. “The simple fact that China is embracing AI and having explicit targets for its development over the next decade is certainly positive for the continued upgrading of the manufacturing sector and overall economic transformation.” Chinese AI-related stocks advanced Friday. CSG Smart Science & Technology Co. climbed as much as 9.3 percent in Shenzhen before closing 3.1 percent higher, while intelligent management software developer Mesnac Co. surged 9.8 percent after hitting the 10 percent daily limit in earlier trading. AI will have a significant influence on society and the international community, according to an opinion piece by East China University of Political Science and Law professor Gao Qiqi published Wednesday in the People’s Daily, the flagship newspaper of the Communist Party. PwC found that the world’s second-biggest economy stands to gain more than any other from AI because of the high proportion of output derived from manufacturing. Related Articles * January 14, 2018 A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Fund manager Q&A: What to expect from muni bonds in 2018 * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests Another report from Accenture and Frontier Economics last month estimated that AI could increase China’s annual growth rate by 1.6 percentage point to 7.9 percent by 2035 in terms of gross value added, a close proxy for GDP, adding more than $7 trillion. The State Council directive also called for China’s businesses, universities and armed forces to work more closely in developing the technology. “We will further implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian developments,” it said. “Scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and military units should communicate and coordinate.” More AI professionals and scientists should be trained, the State Council said. It also called for promoting interdisciplinary research to connect AI with other subjects such as cognitive science, psychology, mathematics and economics. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-3.html * Tags: * artificial intelligence * China * More Business News * robotics * virtual reality More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. As for workers … well, not always. * Member Services * News Alerts * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * RSS * Subscribe + Become a Member / Subscribe + Place a Hold + Denver Post Store + Digital Replica Edition * Classifieds + Autos + Real Estate + Jobs + Today’s Ads + Weekly Ads + Daily Ads + Special Sections * Contact Us + Submit a News Tip + Member Services + Advertise With Us + Careers + Place an Obituary * Today’s Front Page + Back Issues + Archives + Mobile Apps * Copyright © 2017 Digital First Media * Privacy Policy * Terms of Use * Site Map * Ethics Policy * Powered by WordPress.com VIP * Arbitration Send to Email Address ____________________ Your Name ____________________ Your Email Address ____________________ _________________________ loading Send Email Cancel Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video How artificial intelligence is taking on… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * File photo, employees watch electronic ... Yun Dong-jin, Yonhap via AP, File In this Monday, May 15, 2017, file photo, employees watch electronic boards to monitor possible ransomware cyberattacks at the Korea Internet and Security Agency in Seoul, South Korea. Unable to rely on good human behavior, computer security experts are developing software techniques to fight ransomware. But getting these protections in the hands of users is challenging. By The Associated Press June 28, 2017 at 11:44 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free By Anick Jesdanun, The Associated Press NEW YORK — Twice in the space of six weeks, the world has suffered major attacks of ransomware — malicious software that locks up photos and other files stored on your computer, then demands money to release them. It’s clear that the world needs better defenses, and fortunately those are starting to emerge, if slowly and in patchwork fashion. When they arrive, we may have artificial intelligence to thank. Ransomware isn’t necessary trickier or more dangerous than other malware that sneaks onto your computer, but it can be much more aggravating, and at times devastating. Most such infections don’t get in your face about taking your digital stuff away from you the way ransomware does, nor do they shake you down for hundreds of dollars or more. Despite those risks, many people just aren’t good at keeping up with security software updates. Both recent ransomware attacks walloped those who failed to install a Windows update released a few months earlier. Watchdog security software has its problems, too. With this week’s ransomware attack , only two of about 60 security services tested caught it at first, according to security researchers. “A lot of normal applications, especially on Windows, behave like malware, and it’s hard to tell them apart,” said Ryan Kalember, an expert at the California security vendor Proofpoint. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 13, 2018 Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits * January 13, 2018 Angry tweets, viral videos are teaching airlines to observe social media, and respond HOW TO FIND MALWARE In the early days, identifying malicious programs such as viruses involved matching their code against a database of known malware. But this technique was only as good as the database; new malware variants could easily slip through. So security companies started characterizing malware by its behavior. In the case of ransomware, software could look for repeated attempts to lock files by encrypting them. But that can flag ordinary computer behavior such as file compression. Newer techniques involve looking for combinations of behaviors. For instance, a program that starts encrypting files without showing a progress bar on the screen could be flagged for surreptitious activity, said Fabian Wosar, chief technology officer at the New Zealand security company Emsisoft. But that also risks identifying harmful software too late, after some files have already been locked up. An even better approach identifies malware using observable characteristics usually associated with malicious intent — for instance, by quarantining a program disguised with a PDF icon to hide its true nature. This sort of malware profiling wouldn’t rely on exact code matches, so it couldn’t be easily evaded. And such checks could be made well before potentially dangerous programs start running. MACHINE VS. MACHINE Still, two or three characteristics might not properly distinguish malware from legitimate software. But how about dozens? Or hundreds? Or even thousands? For that, security researchers turn to machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence. The security system analyzes samples of good and bad software and figures out what combination of factors is likely to be present in malware. As it encounters new software, the system calculates the probability that it’s malware, and rejects those that score above a certain threshold. When something gets through, it’s a matter of tweaking the calculations or adjusting the threshold. Now and then, researchers see a new behavior to teach the machine. AN ARMS RACE On the flip side, malware writers can obtain these security tools and tweak their code to see if they can evade detection. Some websites already offer to test software against leading security systems. Eventually, malware authors may start creating their own machine-learning models to defeat security-focused artificial intelligence. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder and chief technology officer at the California vendor CrowdStrike, said that even if a particular system offers 99 percent protection, “it’s just a math problem of how many times you have to deviate your attack to get that 1 percent.” Still, security companies employing machine learning have claimed success in blocking most malware, not just ransomware. SentinelOne even offers a $1 million guarantee against ransomware; it hasn’t had to pay it yet. A FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGE So why was ransomware still able to spread in recent weeks? Garden-variety anti-virus software — even some of the free versions — can help block new forms of malware, as many are also incorporating behavioral-detection and machine-learning techniques. But such software still relies on malware databases that users aren’t typically good at keeping up to date. Next-generation services such as CrowdStrike, SentinelOne and Cylance tend to ditch databases completely in favor of machine learning. But these services focus on corporate customers, charging $40 to $50 a year per computer. Smaller businesses often don’t have the budget — or the focus on security — for that kind of protection. And forget consumers; these security companies aren’t selling to them yet. Though Cylance plans to release a consumer version in July, it says it’ll be a tough sell — at least until someone gets attacked personally or knows a friend or family member who has. As Cylance CEO Stuart McClure puts it: “When you haven’t been hit with a tornado, why would you get tornado insurance?” * Tags: * artificial intelligence * cybersecurity * malware * ransomware * Windows More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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No answer yet Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash Plane dangles off cliff after skidding off runway in Turkey Ultratight labor market in Minn. driven by jump in low-wage jobs Fraud trial against former Starkey executives starts Tuesday Live: Vikings force a pair of Brees INTs, lead Saints 17-0 in second quarter France vs. fake news offers test case for democratic dilemma Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota Bill Murray returns to 'SNL' as Steve Bannon on 'Morning Joe' spoof Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 next 442462823 Putin: Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world Associated Press September 1, 2017 — 9:20am Text size comment share tweet email Print more Share on: Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on Pinterest Copy shortlink: ____________________ Purchase: Order Reprint MOSCOW — Russian President Vladimir Putin says that whoever reaches a breakthrough in developing artificial intelligence will come to dominate the world. Putin, speaking Friday at a meeting with students, said the development of AI raises "colossal opportunities and threats that are difficult to predict now." He warned that "the one who becomes the leader in this sphere will be the ruler of the world." Putin warned that "it would be strongly undesirable if someone wins a monopolist position" and promised that Russia would be ready to share its know-how in artificial intelligence with other nations. The Russian leader predicted that future wars will be fought by drones, and "when one party's drones are destroyed by drones of another, it will have no other choice but to surrender." View Comments Read our comment standards StarTribune.com welcomes and encourages readers to comment and engage in substantive, mutually respectful exchanges over news topics. Commenters must follow our Terms of Use. 1. Keep it civil and stay on topic. 2. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. 3. Comments with web links are not permitted. 4. 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Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit * Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 * Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash * Myth-busting cold remedies * Companies fined for mislabeling rayon * Why Republicans resist Hagel * There's serious trash on TV * BCS Championship Game recap * Reality check: America's judges More From Star Tribune Top Stories * TRUMP SCENE 8 Trump says program to protect 'Dreamers' is 'probably dead' 2:25pm * Tim Pawlenty running for U.S. Senate? No answer yet 3:28pm * Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash 2:06pm Most Read 1. Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash • Local 2. Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota • Variety 3. Minn. Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit • Politics 4. Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 • Local 5. 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These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K - Photo These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K Set a career goal for every month of 2016 - Photo Set a career goal for every month of 2016 The highest-paying entry-level jobs - Photo The highest-paying entry-level jobs * Cars o New Car Search o Used Car Search o Certified Car Search o Houston Auto Dealers The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit - Photo The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH - Photo Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain - Photo Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain BMW turns 100 years old: A look back - Photo BMW turns 100 years old: A look back * Real Estate o Home Price Survey o Farms & Ranches o Senior Living o My Perfect Hous(e)ton Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction - Photo Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community - Photo Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas - Photo Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas MenuSections [print-header-logo.png] http://www.chron.com/news/science-environment/article/Google-s-Artifici al-Intelligence-acts-10931151.php Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered By Fernando Ramirez Published 10:45 am, Tuesday, February 14, 2017 * * * * * * * * * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org Photo: David McNew/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-23', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 23', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/23 Caption Close Image 1 of 23 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Image 2 of 23 LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017. Source: The Telegraph less LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA ... more Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images Image 3 of 23 Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved." Source: NBC less Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. ... more Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images Image 4 of 23 The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017. Source: CBS News less The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be ... more Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images Image 5 of 23 Image 6 of 23 Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017. Source: NPR less Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may ... more Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Image 7 of 23 Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages." Source: Inc less Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer ... more Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images Image 8 of 23 The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images Image 9 of 23 A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand." Source: NBC less A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to ... more Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images Image 10 of 23 Image 11 of 23 Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics Image 12 of 23 For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images Image 13 of 23 The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn. Source: NASA less The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September ... more Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images Image 14 of 23 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures. Source: Climatecentral.org less 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming ... more Photo: David McNew/Getty Images Image 15 of 23 Image 16 of 23 Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images Image 17 of 23 The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images Image 18 of 23 More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard." Source: Time less More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on ... more Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images Image 19 of 23 China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Image 20 of 23 Image 21 of 23 Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world." Source: Inc less Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these ... more Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images Image 22 of 23 The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Source: BBC less The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the ... more Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images Image 23 of 23 Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered 1 / 23 Back to Gallery Being a sore loser is not an admired quality; especially when it's a sophisticated piece of artificial intelligence that's lashing out. Researchers at DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence lab, recently performed a number of tests by having its most complex AI play a series of a games with a version of itself. In the first game, two AI agents, one red and one blue, scramble to see who can collect the most apples, or green squares. Each AI has the option of firing off a long laser beam to stun the other AI, giving one player ample time to collect more precious green apples. SELF-DRIVING: Ford puts $1 billion in stealth artificial intelligence startup IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/he8_V0BvbWg Terrifyingly, it takes almost no time for both AI to start zapping each other relentlessly in the name of green apples. "These results show that agents learn aggressive policies in environments that combine a scarcity of resources with the possibility of costly action," wrote DeepMind's researchers in a study examining the tests. In addition, scientists were able to change details in the game that would push the AI into being more or less likely to zap their apple-gathering partner. For example, scientists lowered the frequency at which apples spawned and also upped the stun time for each AI's laser, tweaks that resulted in a "highly aggressive" game. ALL IN: Texas Hold 'Em may be the next frontier in artificial intelligence On Friday, Apple announced that it has formally joined The Partnership on AI to Benefit People and Society. Other members of the organization include: Amazon, Facebook, Google/Deep Mind, IBM and Microsoft. The Partnership on AI aims to advance the public understanding of artificial intelligence and create the best practices for it It plans to do research under an open license on areas such as ethics, privacy, fairness, inclusivity, transparency and privacy. Media: Brandpoint While all of this may sound like an "Ex Machina" omen, there are people behind the scenes working to avoid a Skynet-style fate. When Google first purchased DeepMind in 2014 for $500 million, it agreed to set up an ethics and safety board as part of the deal. So far, Google has yet to say whose on the board or what exactly they do, but hopefully they've paid attention to what happens when their AI is up against the ropes. Click through above to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017. [300x600.jpg] Most Popular * 1 Reports: Kevin Sumlin to be hired as next Arizona coach * 2 Husband and wife dead in double homicide in Spring home * 3 Molly Huddle sets new American record at Aramco Half Marathon;... * 4 Basketball Hall of Famer Dennis Rodman arrested for DUI in SoCal * 5 What robot strippers say about sexism, tech and the future * 6 2 hospitalized after pickup T-boned in Cut and Shoot crash * 7 What a nuclear bomb falling on Houston and other cities would... * 8 Threat to kill Steelers players, fans during NFL playoff game... * 9 What you should know about newest Astros pitcher Gerrit Cole * 10 Heat map shows how Houston schools continue to be segregated View Comments © 2018 Hearst Communications, Inc. 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These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K - Photo These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K Set a career goal for every month of 2016 - Photo Set a career goal for every month of 2016 The highest-paying entry-level jobs - Photo The highest-paying entry-level jobs * Cars o New Car Search o Used Car Search o Certified Car Search o Houston Auto Dealers The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit - Photo The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH - Photo Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain - Photo Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain BMW turns 100 years old: A look back - Photo BMW turns 100 years old: A look back * Real Estate o Home Price Survey o Farms & Ranches o Senior Living o My Perfect Hous(e)ton Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction - Photo Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community - Photo Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas - Photo Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas MenuSections [print-header-logo.png] http://www.thewrap.com/facebook-ai-creates-its-own-language-to-negotiat e-deals/ Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language New AI creates its own language to negotiate deals Sean Burch, provided by [rawImage.jpg] Published 11:32 am, Thursday, June 15, 2017 * * * * * * * * * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. / 2009 Christian Science Monitor * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images / Steve Debenport * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images / 2015 Anadolu Agency * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images / 2015 Getty Images * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? Photo: AP * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP / AP * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images / De Agostini Editorial * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-22', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 22', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/22 Caption Close Image 1 of 22 Image 2 of 22 What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. less What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some ... more Photo: 2009 Christian Science Monitor Image 3 of 22 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. less 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about ... more Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images Image 4 of 22 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. less 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of ... more Image 5 of 22 Image 6 of 22 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. less 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour ... more Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images Image 7 of 22 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. less 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ... more Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images Image 8 of 22 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? less 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an ... more Photo: AP Image 9 of 22 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. less 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically ... more Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 10 of 22 Image 11 of 22 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. less 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into ... more Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images Image 12 of 22 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. less 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over ... more Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP Image 13 of 22 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. less 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 14 of 22 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. less 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 15 of 22 Image 16 of 22 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. less 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of ... more Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 17 of 22 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” less 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting ... more Image 18 of 22 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. less 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way ... more Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images Image 19 of 22 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. less 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or ... more Image 20 of 22 Image 21 of 22 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. less 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — ... more Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP Image 22 of 22 Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language 1 / 22 Back to Gallery Add dealmaking to the growing list of skills artificial intelligence will soon outperform humans at. A new report from Facebook’s Artificial Intelligence Research lab reveals its AI “dialog agents” were able to negotiate remarkably well — at one point communicating in a unique nonhuman language. The model had two chatbots use “machine learning” to continuously improve its negotiating tactics with each other. Facebook researchers had to pause the experiment when the bots’ new mode of communicating “led to divergence from human language as the agents developed their own language for negotiating.” Also Read: Facebook Closed Captioning Screwed Up Facebook CEO's Harvard Speech Even without its own language, the research provided an eerie glimpse at the power of machine learning. The bots quickly moved to high-level methods of deal-making, capable of “feigning interest in a valueless item” — allowing the bots to make compromises. It has been just over a year since Facebook first unveiled its chatbots, the social networking giant isn't done making improvements to dialog-driven assistants. Today, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research released a new framework for developers intended to help fine-tune and improve the conversational abilities of chatbots, of which Facebook Messenger has over 11,000 of and growing. Media: WochIt Media This revealed the bots were capable of deception — a complex skill learned late in a child’s development, according to the report. The bots weren’t programmed to lie, but instead learned “to deceive without any explicit human design, simply by trying to achieve their goals.” In other words, the bots learned lying can work on their own. Once programmed to not use its new language, researchers also found a hint of spontaneity in the bots’ interactions. Seventy-six percent of the conversations included a fluent English sentence pulled from its training data. Still, the agents had a few “novel utterances” that suggested “although neural models are prone to the safer option of repeating sentences from training data, they are capable of generalizing when necessary.” Also Read: Mark Zuckerberg's 3 Keys to Creating a 'Sense of Purpose' While the data doesn’t conclude we’ll have AI car salesmen in the immediate future, it did show how rapidly machine learning can lead to unanticipated outcomes. As AI research continues to expand, it’s imperative to see the potential drawbacks to having machines self-improve without safeguards in place. 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Does it? [1920_x_1080_iOSA.JPG?uuid=bO3beFYDEeeEC1EgJjGdpw] Hopper and similar apps for travelers use artificial intelligence to power their booking engines. (Courtesy of Hopper) [elliottc.jpg?ts=1421428888912&w=80&h=80&t=20170517a] By Christopher Elliott By Christopher Elliott Columnist June 22, 2017 Follow @elliottdotorg The Terminator wants to be your next travel agent. New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to make travel a little smarter. The latest entrant is Aeromexico’s new AI-based customer-service bot, billed as a “smart brain” capable of machine learning. It launched earlier this year in Spanish on Facebook, and an English version is being rolled out now. But do they really live up to the billing? It depends. There’s little doubt that AI is improving the bottom line for airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, which are aggressively integrating this technology into their operations. But for consumers, there are only a few AI-enabled apps and sites that offer a meaningful improvement, if any. Nearly 85 percent of travel and hospitality professionals are using AI within their businesses, according to a recent survey by Tata Consultancy Services, which is based in India. So far, the use is largely limited to their information-technology departments, with 46 percent of companies saying they use it for functions such as processing bookings and credit-card transactions. But within four years, 60 percent of companies surveyed said that AI would expand to their marketing efforts — persuading you to book their products. [The travel industry is finally ending discrimination against solo travelers. Or is it?] Indeed, most of the AI firepower is reserved for the back-end systems designed to squeeze more profit out of an airline seat or hotel room, or to improve the efficiency of airport operations. For example, flight disruptions cost airlines billions each year, so airports are deploying AI systems to quickly deal with irregular operations. A company called SITA is working with airports to create an algorithm to forecast airline delays. “This is a huge cost for the industry,” says Jim Peters, SITA’s chief technology officer. “There is a strong desire to remove as much uncertainty as possible.” For customer-facing AI systems for travelers, there are several standouts. One of the most prominent examples of AI is Hopper , which uses a variety of artificial intelligence to power its site and booking engine. That includes machine learning to analyze pricing data and suggest the best times to book a trip to a destination, a system that alerts you when ticket prices drop, and a “conversational chatbot” that understands written queries and generates relevant results. Another site, Hipmunk , also has a well-known conversational chatbot capable of understanding queries and offering relevant search results. “The idea here is to leverage AI strategically at the right moment in the customer journey,” says Étienne Mérineau, the co-founder and head of conversation design at Heyday.ai, a chatbot developer based in Montreal. At Kayak , when you access its price forecast tool, you’re using an intelligent system that’s more than a simple search. Not only does it offer a more accurate price prediction, says Giorgos Zacharia, the chief technology officer for Kayak, “artificial intelligence also allows us to combine flights from different carriers for more savings for our users.” [How can you protect your right to digital privacy at the border?] And while the sites that offer it are popular, the technology can be a little glitchy. Take the Aeromexico AI, called Aerobot. Like the Terminator’s mythical Skynet, it goes far beyond offering scripted answers, learning as it goes by scanning and analyzing previous customer service transcripts. The system, currently only available in Spanish, is still primitive. I accessed the AI through its Facebook page and asked it for help with a reservation. The response? “Let me transfer you to a human agent.” Its developers said Aerobot can answer simple questions, such as “What is your pet fee?” and “I have to change a flight,” but is still learning the rest. Who said customer service would be easy? Certainly not Nina McGouldrick, a medical writer from Richardson, Tex. She recently used Hopper to book a flight on American Airlines, with frustrating results. When she called the airline to check on the status of her flight, American claimed she had canceled her ticket and that its records indicated that someone using her number had called. “All we could see on our side is that it was canceled by the airline at the flier’s request,” says Brianna Schneider, a Hopper spokeswoman. “It pains us to hear, though, that this traveler didn’t intend to cancel her trip and we will reach out to her to get more details.” [You’ve never heard of these people, but they’ve changed the way you fly] But McGouldrick may be in the minority. Artificial intelligence is increasingly palatable to a majority of travelers. A new PricewaterhouseCoopers survey of consumer and business attitudes toward the technology suggests that in the next five years, 56 percent of respondents would be willing to embrace an artificial travel agent. To which human agents say: Nonsense. “Would you trust the Terminator to tell you where to see the best sunset on the Amalfi Coast?” asks Erika Richter, a spokeswoman for the American Society of Travel Agents . “I don’t think so.” For now, the dream of an AI making travel better seems closer to becoming a reality for a company’s back-end systems, where intelligent applications can improve efficiency and cut costs. But when it comes to the systems travelers use, there’s a long road ahead — at least before you can call a machine to book your next vacation. Elliott is a consumer advocate, journalist and co-founder of the advocacy group Travelers United. Email him at chris@elliott.org. Read more from Travel: With eco-friendly travel more popular than ever, approach green claims with skepticism From passport cards to Global Entry, which trusted-traveler program is right for you? 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. Google Google's artificial intelligence computer 'no longer constrained by limits of human knowledge' news.com.au * Facebook * Twitter * Print * Email Terminator The computer that stunned humanity by beating the best mortal players at a strategy board game requiring “intuition” has become even smarter, its creators claim. Even more startling, the updated version of AlphaGo is entirely self-taught — a major step towards the rise of machines that achieve superhuman abilities “with no human input”, they reported in the science journal Nature. Dubbed AlphaGo Zero, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) system learnt by itself, within days, to master the ancient Chinese board game known as “Go” — said to be the most complex two-person challenge ever invented. It came up with its own, novel moves to eclipse all the Go acumen humans have acquired over thousands of years. After just three days of self-training it was put to the ultimate test against AlphaGo, its forerunner which previously dethroned the top human champs. AlphaGo Zero won by 100 games to zero. “AlphaGo Zero not only rediscovered the common patterns and openings that humans tend to play ... it ultimately discarded them in preference for its own variants which humans don’t even know about or play at the moment,” said AlphaGo lead researcher David Silver. The 3000-year-old Chinese game played with black and white stones on a board has more move configurations possible than there are atoms in the Universe. AlphaGo made world headlines with its shock 4-1 victory in March 2016 over 18-time Go champion Lee Se-Dol, one of the game’s all-time masters. Lee’s defeat showed that AI was progressing faster than widely thought, said experts at the time who called for rules to make sure powerful AI always remains completely under human control. In May this year, an updated AlphaGo Master program beat world Number One Ke Jie in three matches out of three. NOT CONSTRAINED BY HUMANS Unlike its predecessors which trained on data from thousands of human games before practising by playing against itself, AlphaGo Zero did not learn from humans, or by playing against them, according to researchers at DeepMind, the Google-owned British artificial intelligence (AI) company developing the system. “All previous versions of AlphaGo ... were told: ‘Well, in this position the human expert played this particular move, and in this other position the human expert played here’,” Silver said in a video explaining the advance. AlphaGo Zero skipped this step. Instead, it was programmed to respond to reward — a positive point for a win versus a negative point for a loss. Starting with just the rules of Go and no instructions, the system learnt the game, devised strategy and improved as it competed against itself — starting with “completely random play” to figure out how the reward is earned. This is a trial-and-error process known as “reinforcement learning”. Unlike its predecessors, AlphaGo Zero “is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge,” Silver and DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis wrote in a blog. Amazingly, AlphaGo Zero used a single machine — a human brain-mimicking “neural network” -- compared to the multiple-machine “brain” that beat Lee. It had four data processing units compared to AlphaGo’s 48, and played 4.9 million training games over three days compared to 30 million over several months. BEGINNING OF THE END? “People tend to assume that machine learning is all about big data and massive amounts of computation but actually what we saw with AlphaGo Zero is that algorithms matter much more,” said Silver. The findings suggested that AI based on reinforcement learning performed better than those that rely on human expertise, Satinder Singh of the University of Michigan wrote in a commentary also carried by Nature. “However, this is not the beginning of any end because AlphaGo Zero, like all other successful AI so far, is extremely limited in what it knows and in what it can do compared with humans and even other animals,” he said. AlphaGo Zero’s ability to learn on its own “might appear creepily autonomous”, added Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. But there was an important difference, he told AFP, “between the general-purpose smarts humans have and the specialised smarts” of computer software. “What DeepMind has demonstrated over the past years is that one can make software that can be turned into experts in different domains ... but it does not become generally intelligent,” he said. It was also worth noting that AlphaGo was not programming itself, said Sandberg. “The clever insights making Zero better was due to humans, not any piece of software suggesting that this approach would be good. I would start to get worried when that happens.” This story originally appeared in news.com.au. Trending in Tech * Want to know about spy cams, iPhone battery performance and the coolest Alexa commands? Then read this column. Tech Q&A: Spy cams, iPhone batteries, Alexa commands and more * “Online work” used to mean “money grabbing scam.” You might find a job selling things online for a commission or writing blogs for money, but these rarely provided a living wage, or even enough spare change to justify the time commitment. Times have changed. 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. [tr?id=190747804793608&ev=PageView &noscript=1] * Physics * Mathematics * Biology * Computer Science * All Articles * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own (Submit) Share (Submit) * Comments * (Submit) Read Later Abstractions blog Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own ByKevin Hartnett October 18, 2017 A new version of AlphaGo needed no human instruction to figure out how to clobber the best Go player in the world — itself. (Submit) dreamdream [AlphaGo1300Lede.jpg] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks A mere 19 months after dethroning the world’s top human Go player, the computer program AlphaGo has smashed an even more momentous barrier: It can now achieve unprecedented levels of mastery purely by teaching itself. Starting with zero knowledge of Go strategy and no training by humans, the new iteration of the program, called AlphaGo Zero, needed just three days to invent advanced strategies undiscovered by human players in the multi-millennia history of the game. By freeing artificial intelligence from a dependence on human knowledge, the breakthrough removes a primary limit on how smart machines can become. Earlier versions of AlphaGo were taught to play the game using two methods. In the first, called supervised learning, researchers fed the program 100,000 top amateur Go games and taught it to imitate what it saw. In the second, called reinforcement learning, they had the program play itself and learn from the results. AlphaGo Zero skipped the first step. The program began as a blank slate, knowing only the rules of Go, and played games against itself. At first, it placed stones randomly on the board. Over time it got better at evaluating board positions and identifying advantageous moves. It also learned many of the canonical elements of Go strategy and discovered new strategies all its own. “When you learn to imitate humans the best you can do is learn to imitate humans,” said Satinder Singh, a computer scientist at the University of Michigan who was not involved with the research. “In many complex situations there are new insights you’ll never discover.” After three days of training and 4.9 million training games, the researchers matched AlphaGo Zero against the earlier champion-beating version of the program. AlphaGo Zero won 100 games to zero. To expert observers, the rout was stunning. Pure reinforcement learning would seem to be no match for the overwhelming number of possibilities in Go, which is vastly more complex than chess: You’d have expected AlphaGo Zero to spend forever searching blindly for a decent strategy. Instead, it rapidly found its way to superhuman abilities. The efficiency of the learning process owes to a feedback loop. Like its predecessor, AlphaGo Zero determines what move to play through a process called a “tree search.” The program starts with the current board and considers the possible moves. It then considers what moves its opponent could play in each of the resulting boards, and then the moves it could play in response and so on, creating a branching tree diagram that simulates different combinations of play resulting in different board setups. Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter (Submit) Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. DeepMind AlphaGo Zero can’t follow every branch of the tree all the way through, since that would require inordinate computing power. Instead, it selectively prunes branches by deciding which paths seem most promising. It makes that calculation — of which paths to prune — based on what it has learned in earlier play about the moves and overall board setups that lead to wins. Earlier versions of AlphaGo did all this, too. What’s novel about AlphaGo Zero is that instead of just running the tree search and making a move, it remembers the outcome of the tree search — and eventually of the game. It then uses that information to update its estimates of promising moves and the probability of winning from different positions. As a result, the next time it runs the tree search it can use its improved estimates, trained with the results of previous tree searches, to generate even better estimates of the best possible move. The computational strategy that underlies AlphaGo Zero is effective primarily in situations in which you have an extremely large number of possibilities and want to find the optimal one. In the Nature paper describing the research, the authors of AlphaGo Zero suggest that their system could be useful in materials exploration — where you want to identify atomic combinations that yield materials with different properties — and protein folding, where you want to understand how a protein’s precise three-dimensional structure determines its function. As for Go, the effects of AlphaGo Zero are likely to be seismic. To date, gaming companies have failed in their efforts to develop world-class Go software. AlphaGo Zero is likely to change that. Andrew Jackson, executive vice president of the American Go Association, thinks it won’t be long before Go apps appear on the market. This will change the way human Go players train. It will also make cheating easier. As for AlphaGo, the future is wide open. Go is sufficiently complex that there’s no telling how good a self-starting computer program can get; and AlphaGo now has a learning method to match the expansiveness of the game it was bred to play. [template] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter The Quanta Newsletter Get highlights of the most important news delivered to your email inbox ____________________ (Submit) Subscribe Most recent newsletter Comment on this article Quanta Magazine moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. 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MIT Technology Review (Submit) Menu * Topics + o Business Impact o Connectivity o Intelligent Machines o Rewriting Life o Sustainable Energy + o 10 Breakthrough Technologies o 35 Innovators Under 35 o 50 Smartest Companies + Views + Views from the Marketplace + The Possibility Report * The Download * Magazine * Events * More + Video + Special Publications + MIT News Magazine + Help/Support * Log in / Register * Subscribe * Log in / Register * Search * ____________________ Submit Click search or press enter [ma15-reviewsai.jpg?sw=1180&cx=0&cy=37&cw=2760&ch=1552] Intelligent Machines Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence A true AI might ruin the world—but that assumes it’s possible at all. * by Paul Ford * February 11, 2015 Computers are entrusted with control of complex systems. * * * * * * * Years ago I had coffee with a friend who ran a startup. He had just turned 40. His father was ill, his back was sore, and he found himself overwhelmed by life. “Don’t laugh at me,” he said, “but I was counting on the singularity.” My friend worked in technology; he’d seen the changes that faster microprocessors and networks had wrought. It wasn’t that much of a step for him to believe that before he was beset by middle age, the intelligence of machines would exceed that of humans—a moment that futurists call the singularity. A benevolent superintelligence might analyze the human genetic code at great speed and unlock the secret to eternal youth. At the very least, it might know how to fix your back. But what if it wasn’t so benevolent? Nick Bostrom, a philosopher who directs the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, describes the following scenario in his book Superintelligence, which has prompted a great deal of debate about the future of artificial intelligence. Imagine a machine that we might call a “paper-clip maximizer”—that is, a machine programmed to make as many paper clips as possible. Now imagine that this machine somehow became incredibly intelligent. Given its goals, it might then decide to create new, more efficient paper-clip-manufacturing machines—until, King Midas style, it had converted essentially everything to paper clips. [MA15cover.zoomedx1004.jpg?sw=180] This story is part of our March/April 2015 Issue See the rest of the issue Subscribe No worries, you might say: you could just program it to make exactly a million paper clips and halt. But what if it makes the paper clips and then decides to check its work? Has it counted correctly? It needs to become smarter to be sure. The superintelligent machine manufactures some as-yet-uninvented raw-computing material (call it “computronium”) and uses that to check each doubt. But each new doubt yields further digital doubts, and so on, until the entire earth is converted to computronium. Except for the million paper clips. Things Reviewed * “Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies” By Nick Bostrom Oxford University Press, 2014 Bostrom does not believe that the paper-clip maximizer will come to be, exactly; it’s a thought experiment, one designed to show how even careful system design can fail to restrain extreme machine intelligence. But he does believe that superintelligence could emerge, and while it could be great, he thinks it could also decide it doesn’t need humans around. Or do any number of other things that destroy the world. The title of chapter 8 is: “Is the default outcome doom?” If this sounds absurd to you, you’re not alone. Critics such as the robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks say that people who fear a runaway AI misunderstand what computers are doing when we say they’re thinking or getting smart. From this perspective, the putative superintelligence Bostrom describes is far in the future and perhaps impossible. Yet a lot of smart, thoughtful people agree with Bostrom and are worried now. Why? Volition The question “Can a machine think?” has shadowed computer science from its beginnings. Alan Turing proposed in 1950 that a machine could be taught like a child; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP, coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1955. As AI researchers in the 1960s and 1970s began to use computers to recognize images, translate between languages, and understand instructions in normal language and not just code, the idea that computers would eventually develop the ability to speak and think—and thus to do evil—bubbled into mainstream culture. Even beyond the oft-referenced HAL from 2001: A Space Odyssey, the 1970 movie Colossus: The Forbin Project featured a large blinking mainframe computer that brings the world to the brink of nuclear destruction; a similar theme was explored 13 years later in WarGames. The androids of 1973’s Westworld went crazy and started killing. Extreme AI predictions are “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines… and jumping to the conclusion that the warp drives are just around the corner,” Rodney Brooks writes. When AI research fell far short of its lofty goals, funding dried up to a trickle, beginning long “AI winters.” Even so, the torch of the intelligent machine was carried forth in the 1980s and ’90s by sci-fi authors like Vernor Vinge, who popularized the concept of the singularity; researchers like the roboticist Hans Moravec, an expert in computer vision; and the engineer/entrepreneur Ray Kurzweil, author of the 1999 book The Age of Spiritual Machines. Whereas Turing had posited a humanlike intelligence, Vinge, Moravec, and Kurzweil were thinking bigger: when a computer became capable of independently devising ways to achieve goals, it would very likely be capable of introspection—and thus able to modify its software and make itself more intelligent. In short order, such a computer would be able to design its own hardware. As Kurzweil described it, this would begin a beautiful new era. Such machines would have the insight and patience (measured in picoseconds) to solve the outstanding problems of nanotechnology and spaceflight; they would improve the human condition and let us upload our consciousness into an immortal digital form. Intelligence would spread throughout the cosmos. You can also find the exact opposite of such sunny optimism. Stephen Hawking has warned that because people would be unable to compete with an advanced AI, it “could spell the end of the human race.” Upon reading Superintelligence, the entrepreneur Elon Musk tweeted: “Hope we’re not just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence. Unfortunately, that is increasingly probable.” Musk then followed with a $10 million grant to the Future of Life Institute. Not to be confused with Bostrom’s center, this is an organization that says it is “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity,” the ones that could arise “from the development of human-level artificial intelligence.” No one is suggesting that anything like superintelligence exists now. In fact, we still have nothing approaching a general-purpose artificial intelligence or even a clear path to how it could be achieved. Recent advances in AI, from automated assistants such as Apple’s Siri to Google’s driverless cars, also reveal the technology’s severe limitations; both can be thrown off by situations that they haven’t encountered before. Artificial neural networks can learn for themselves to recognize cats in photos. But they must be shown hundreds of thousands of examples and still end up much less accurate at spotting cats than a child. This is where skeptics such as Brooks, a founder of iRobot and Rethink Robotics, come in. Even if it’s impressive—relative to what earlier computers could manage—for a computer to recognize a picture of a cat, the machine has no volition, no sense of what cat-ness is or what else is happening in the picture, and none of the countless other insights that humans have. In this view, AI could possibly lead to intelligent machines, but it would take much more work than people like Bostrom imagine. And even if it could happen, intelligence will not necessarily lead to sentience. Extrapolating from the state of AI today to suggest that superintelligence is looming is “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines appearing and jumping to the conclusion that warp drives are just around the corner,” Brooks wrote recently on Edge.org. “Malevolent AI” is nothing to worry about, he says, for a few hundred years at least. Insurance policy Even if the odds of a superintelligence arising are very long, perhaps it’s irresponsible to take the chance. One person who shares Bostrom’s concerns is Stuart J. Russell, a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Russell is the author, with Peter Norvig (a peer of Kurzweil’s at Google), of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, which has been the standard AI textbook for two decades. “There are a lot of supposedly smart public intellectuals who just haven’t a clue,” Russell told me. He pointed out that AI has advanced tremendously in the last decade, and that while the public might understand progress in terms of Moore’s Law (faster computers are doing more), in fact recent AI work has been fundamental, with techniques like deep learning laying the groundwork for computers that can automatically increase their understanding of the world around them. Bostrom’s book proposes ways to align computers with human needs. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. Because Google, Facebook, and other companies are actively looking to create an intelligent, “learning” machine, he reasons, “I would say that one of the things we ought not to do is to press full steam ahead on building superintelligence without giving thought to the potential risks. It just seems a bit daft.” Russell made an analogy: “It’s like fusion research. If you ask a fusion researcher what they do, they say they work on containment. If you want unlimited energy you’d better contain the fusion reaction.” Similarly, he says, if you want unlimited intelligence, you’d better figure out how to align computers with human needs. Bostrom’s book is a research proposal for doing so. A superintelligence would be godlike, but would it be animated by wrath or by love? It’s up to us (that is, the engineers). Like any parent, we must give our child a set of values. And not just any values, but those that are in the best interest of humanity. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. How to proceed? Bostrom draws heavily on an idea from a thinker named Eliezer Yudkowsky, who talks about “coherent extrapolated volition”—the consensus-derived “best self” of all people. AI would, we hope, wish to give us rich, happy, fulfilling lives: fix our sore backs and show us how to get to Mars. And since humans will never fully agree on anything, we’ll sometimes need it to decide for us—to make the best decisions for humanity as a whole. How, then, do we program those values into our (potential) superintelligences? What sort of mathematics can define them? These are the problems, Bostrom believes, that researchers should be solving now. Bostrom says it is “the essential task of our age.” For the civilian, there’s no reason to lose sleep over scary robots. We have no technology that is remotely close to superintelligence. Then again, many of the largest corporations in the world are deeply invested in making their computers more intelligent; a true AI would give any one of these companies an unbelievable advantage. They also should be attuned to its potential downsides and figuring out how to avoid them. This somewhat more nuanced suggestion—without any claims of a looming AI-mageddon—is the basis of an open letter on the website of the Future of Life Institute, the group that got Musk’s donation. Rather than warning of existential disaster, the letter calls for more research into reaping the benefits of AI “while avoiding potential pitfalls.” This letter is signed not just by AI outsiders such as Hawking, Musk, and Bostrom but also by prominent computer scientists (including Demis Hassabis, a top AI researcher). You can see where they’re coming from. After all, if they develop an artificial intelligence that doesn’t share the best human values, it will mean they weren’t smart enough to control their own creations. Paul Ford, a freelance writer in New York, wrote about Bitcoin in March/April 2014. Time is running out to register for EmTech Digital. You don’t want to miss expert discussions on AI. Learn more and register (Submit) (Submit) Share * * * * * * * Tagged AI, artificial intelligence Credit Illustration by Jacob Escobedo Paul Ford Paul Ford is a writer and computer programmer who lives in Brooklyn. He is writing a book of essays about Web pages. READ COMMENTS Please read our commenting guidelines. Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. 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Log in for two more free articles, or subscribe now for unlimited online access. [google_s_ai_made_some_pretty_huge_leaps_this_week.html&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj =1] Quantcast #Future Tense (RSS 2.0) Slate Sign In Sign Up Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Slate Sign In Sign Up ASU | NEW AMERICA | SLATE Learn more about Future Tense » Slate Future Tense Future Tense The Citizen's Guide to the Future Oct. 18 2017 6:51 PM Google’s A.I. Has Made Some Pretty Huge Leaps This Week By Christina Bonnington Lee Se-Dol. AlphaGo has come a ways since it started beating humans. Google via Getty Images When DeepMind’s AlphaGo artificial intelligence defeated Lee Sedol, the Korean Go champion, for the first time last year, it stunned the world. Many, including Sedol himself, didn’t expect an AI to have mastered the complicated board game, but it won four out of five matches—proving it could compete with the best human players. More than a year has passed, and today’s AlphaGo makes last year’s version seem positively quaint. Google’s latest AI efforts push beyond the limitations of their human developers. Its artificial intelligence algorithms are teaching themselves how to code and how to play the intricate, yet easy-to-learn ancient board game Go. Advertisement This has been quite the week for the company. On Monday, researchers announced that Google’s project AutoML had successfully taught itself to program machine learning software on its own. While it’s limited to basic programming tasks, the code AutoML created was, in some cases, better than the code written by its human counterparts. In a program designed to identify objects in a picture, the AI-created algorithm achieved a 43 percent success rate at the task. The human-developed code, by comparison, only scored 39 percent on the task. On Wednesday, in a paper published in the journal Nature, DeepMind researchers revealed another remarkable achievement. The newest version of its Go-playing algorithm, dubbed AlphaGo Zero, was not only better than the original AlphaGo, which defeated the world’s best human player in May. This version had taught itself how to play the game. All on its own, given only the basic rules of the game. (The original, by comparison, learned from a database of 100,000 Go games.) According to Google’s researchers, AlphaGo Zero has achieved superhuman-level performance: It won 100–0 against its champion predecessor, AlphaGo. But DeepMind’s developments go beyond just playing a board game exceedingly well. There are important implications that could positively impact AI in the near future. “By not using human data—by not using human expertise in any fashion—we’ve actually removed the constraints of human knowledge,” AlphaGo Zero’s lead programmer, David Silver, said at a press conference. Advertisement Until now, modern AIs have largely relied on learning from vast data sets. The bigger the data set, the better. What AlphaGo Zero and AutoML prove is that a successful AI doesn’t necessarily need those human-supplied data sets—it can teach itself. This could be important in the face of our current consumer-facing AI mess. Written by human programmers and taught on human-supplied data, algorithms (such as the ones Google and Facebook use to suggest articles you should read) are subject to the same defects as their human overlords. Without that human interference and influence, future AI’s could be far superior to what we’re seeing employed in the wild today. A dataset can be flawed or skewed—for example, a facial recognition algorithm that has trouble with black faces because their white programmers didn’t feed it a diverse enough set of images. AI, teaching itself, wouldn’t inherently be sexist or racist, or suffer from those kinds of unconscious biases. In the case of AlphaGo Zero, its reinforcement-based learning is also good news for the computational power of advanced AI networks. Early AlphaGo versions operated on 48 Google-built TPUs. AlphaGo Zero works on only four. It’s far more efficient and practical than its predecessors. Paired with AutoML’s ability to develop its own machine learning algorithms, this could seriously speed up the pace of DeepMind’s AI-related discoveries. And while playing the game of Go may seem like a silly endeavor for an AI, it actually makes a lot of sense. AlphaGo Zero has to sort through a lot of complicated information to decide what moves to make in a game. (There are approximately 10^170 positions you can make on a Go board.) As DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis told the Verge, AlphaGo Zero could be reprogrammed to sort through other kinds of data instead. This could include particle physics, quantum chemistry, or drug discovery. Like with playing Go, AlphaGo Zero could end up uncovering new techniques humans have overlooked or come to conclusions we hadn’t yet explored. There’s a lot of reason to fear AI, but DeepMind’s AI’s aren’t programming themselves to destroy the human race. They’re programming themselves in a way that will shift some of the tedium off of human developers’ shoulders and look at problems and data sets in a fresh new light. It’s astonishing to think how far AI has come in just the past few years, but it’s clear from this week that progress is going to come even faster now. Future Tense is a partnership of Slate, New America, and Arizona State University. Christina Bonnington is a technology writer whose work has appeared in Wired, Refinery29, the Daily Dot, and elsewhere. (Submit) Load Comments Powered by Livefyre Slate Sign In Sign Up [s?eid=2ca7ac88-8963-4abf-acff-c1114097be96] FOLLOW SLATE * Twitter * Facebook * Instagram SLATE ON * IPHONE * ANDROID * KINDLE * Reprints * Advertise with us * ABOUT US * CONTACT US * WORK WITH US * USER AGREEMENT * PRIVACY POLICY * FAQ * FEEDBACK * CORRECTIONS Slate Group Panoply Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents © 2018 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved. Slate Slate Sign In Sign Up #alternate Latest News * Dow 25,803 +228.46 +0.89% * Nasdaq 7,261 +49.28 +0.68% * S&P 500 2,786 +18.68 +0.67% * 5:17 P.M. ET North, South Korea to meet again Monday to discuss Winter Olympics (Submit) (Submit) * 5:14 P.M. ET Updated MSNBC’s Joy Reid told ‘just move to Haiti’ amid furor over Trump’s alleged remarks (Submit) (Submit) * 5:06 P.M. 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Home Investing Stocks Jeff Reeves's Strength in Numbers Get email alerts Opinion: These 3 stocks are smart bets on the artificial intelligence revolution By Jeff Reeves Published: Oct 19, 2017 7:49 a.m. ET Share (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) Alphabet, IBM, and robotics ETF poised to profit from technological change [MW-EB362_i_robo_20151216095927_ZH.jpg?uuid=9a20866a-a405-11e5-8622-001 5c588e0f6] Everett Collection [jeffReeves_100.png] By JeffReeves Columnist “Artificial intelligence” is a misunderstood term, thanks in part to dystopian views of the technology across pop culture — from the iconic Terminator to Cylons in Battlestar Galactica to HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey. In reality, most scientists working on artificial intelligence aren’t trying to simulate true human intelligence at all. They are simply trying to create practical machines capable of analyzing data and making decisions to achieve a goal. Case in point — Salesforce.com CRM, +1.04% has a valuable artificial intelligence application called Einstein that it provides to clients. This AI engine helps marketing and sales teams by suggesting which customers are the most valuable, and which products they are most likely to buy. Not only is that a far-less sinister example of AI, it’s also exemplary of how businesses can use this technology to create serious profits. Salesforce stock, for example, is up 40% year-to-date compared with less than 15% for the broader S&P 500 SPX, +0.67% . In fact, the most practical applications of artificial intelligence are side-by-side with Big Data and cloud-computing applications that many investors are already familiar with. Think of artificial intelligence as just the natural next step now that we’ve created all this data — something has to make sense of it. For example, retailers have been trying for years to harness the predictive power of your shopping habits in order to put offers in front of you. Case-in-point: A now-infamous story about TGT, +3.78% investing in how to predict when a customer was (or soon would become) pregnant. While fears of the robot apocalypse may never completely disappear from pop culture, the business case for AI is clear in this age of information. The only question is who will provide the artificial intelligence engines of the future, and which companies and investors will profit. If you’re interested in playing this emerging-tech trend, here are three AI plays to consider: Alphabet Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, +1.67% GOOG, +1.51% made a splash a few years ago as it seemed to be diving into deep machine learning with the acquisition of DNNresearch, DeepMind Technologies, and JetPac among others. The flurry of acquisitions in 2013 and 2014 made waves at the time, and in the near term were seen as incrementally improving areas of Google’s internet business, such as improving search or providing better bidding on ad rates. But the tech giant hasn’t taken its eye off the ball in the intervening years, and overlooking its long-term commitment to AI would be a mistake. Just like it has cemented its role in the smartphone ecosystem with its Android operating system, Google is pushing hard to share its open-source TensorFlow machine learning software with developers and companies of all sizes While many companies like Amazon.com AMZN, +2.23% are using AI internally to improve customer experience or to create products like voice assistant Alexa, Google has opened up the gates and is welcoming the world into its AI ecosystem. We’ve seen this blueprint before, where Google was happy to allow a community of smart, driven experts to help it build Android to be a world leader in mobile software. You could do worse than bet they would do the same thing with their artificial intelligence platform. Sure, there’s no material profits yet. But if AI becomes the next big Google platform, running the systems in homes and cars the way Android runs tablets and phones, Alphabet will surely find a way to capitalize on that in the years ahead. IBM The opposite of Google’s approach is the proprietary Watson system created by International Business Machines Corp. IBM, -0.65% Many Americans are most familiar with Watson for its trivia skills displayed on television show “Jeopardy.” But aside from quirky PR stunts, the supercomputer has found a role performing much more practical tasks in recent years. Since 2013, for example, Watson has been in use at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York to help oncologists make the best decisions based on mountains of medical records and real-life diagnoses. And last January a Japanese insurance firm became so reliant on Watson’s actuarial skills that it laid off a few dozen human employees. IBM has married a powerful machine learning interface with its existing enterprise tech operation, selling Watson’s AI under the “software-as-a-service model” that has been so profitable for cloud computing firms in recent years. It’s a natural iteration for IBM’s business — and a necessary one, too, as the struggling technology giant sees persistent revenue headwinds and increasingly is looking to both the cloud and artificial intelligence results to boost performance. The company just reported its 22nd consecutive quarter of revenue declines, though it did beat on profits thanks in part to 20% growth in its cloud division. When you marry the strategic imperatives of cloud and AI with the existing scale and reach of IBM, it’s hard to imagine that the company will not be a serious play in AI for years to come. Furthermore, a 10-year partnership with MIT launched this year will all but ensure a generation of eager engineers come into the American workforce with ready skills to deploy Watson at their workplaces. This is not as sexy or as grandiose as Google’s plan to democratize AI and spread it around the world. But for investors, the appeal is IBM’s bright line between this emerging technology and near-term profit potential. Robotics and AI ETF If you’re unwilling to pick a winner in the race for artificial intelligence applications, I don’t blame you. Emerging technologies are not just hard to fully understand, but they are tumultuous businesses where upstarts can come out of nowhere and leaders can fall from grace. That’s where the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF BOTZ, +1.59% comes in. This unique and diversified ETF invests in companies “that potentially stand to benefit from increased adoption and utilization of robotics and artificial intelligence.” Because this spans all applications, it makes for an intriguing portfolio. Top holdings now include Nvidia Corp. NVDA, -0.49% for its leading Drive PX platform that can power self-driving cars, Japanese “smart factory” supplier Omron Corp. OMRNY, +0.78% and medical robotics company Cyberdyne CYBQY, -3.09% to name a few. The most interesting thing about these holdings is that they aren’t nebulous plays on some general AI theme and the hope of machine learning on a grand scale. Most are profiting now with targeted business models that marry automation and AI to produce real-world results. For this strategy the ETF charges a rather modest 0.68% expense ratio, or $68 annually on $10,000 invested. That seems a small price to pay for a diversified and thoughtful basket of potential AI winners. More from MarketWatch * MSNBC’s Joy Reid told ‘just move to Haiti’ amid furor over Trump’s alleged remarks * Here are the 3 things that could stop the stock market in 2018 * Here’s what all 30 companies that make up the Dow industrials think about blockchain MarketWatch Partner Center * * * Data Provided By [bankrate.svg] Today's Interest Rates Mortgage Equity Savings Auto Credit Cards 1. 30 yr fixed Jumbo 4.28% 2. 30 yr fixed 3.96% 3. 15 yr fixed 3.31% 4. 10 yr fixed 3.23% 5. 30 yr fixed refi 3.94% 6. 15 yr fixed refi 3.28% 7. 5/1 ARM 3.9% 8. 5/1 ARM refi 3.9% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. $30K HELOC 3.79% 2. $50K HELOC 3.82% 3. $75K HELOC 3.79% 4. $100K HELOC 3.82% 5. $30K Home Equity Loan 4.92% 6. $50K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 7. $75K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 8. $100K Home Equity Loan 4.53% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 5 yr CD 1.52% 2. 2 yr CD 0.95% 3. 1 yr CD 0.85% 4. MMA $10K+ 0.31% 5. MMA $50K+ 0.46% 6. MMA Savings 0.34% 7. MMA Savings Jumbo 0.5% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 60 Mo Used Car 3.45% 2. 48 Mo Used Car 3.39% 3. 36 Mo Used Car 3.49% 4. 72 Mo New Car 3.45% 5. 60 Mo New Car 3.58% 6. 48 Mo New Car 3.26% 7. 60 Mo Auto Refi 2.82% 8. 36 Mo Auto Refi 2.26% National averages from Bankrate.com Avg. APR Last Week 6 Months Low Interest 13.08% 13.07% 12.88% Business 13.91% 13.87% 13.87% Balance Transfer 15.56% 15.55% 15.31% Student 15.92% 15.92% 15.14% Airline 16.26% 16.25% 15.99% Reward 16.41% 16.40% 16.15% Cash Back 16.56% 16.55% 16.26% Instant Approval 18.74% 18.74% 18.51% Bad Credit 23.59% 23.59% 23.43% Source: CreditCards.com Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. We Want to Hear from You How are you investing in AI? 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Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements. (Submit) ____________________ Advanced Search Stocks Columns Authors Topics No results found Salesforce.com Inc. U.S.: NYSE: CRM $110.24 +1.14 (+1.04%) Volume 5.1M Open $109.23 High $110.71 Low $108.91 P/E Ratio 11024 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 79.6B S&P 500 Index S&P Base CME: SPX 2,786.24 +18.68 (+0.67%) Volume 2.1B Open 2,770 High 2,788 Low 2,770 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A Target Corp. U.S.: NYSE: TGT $76.80 +2.80 (+3.78%) Volume 14.6M Open $74.54 High $77.00 Low $74.45 P/E Ratio 16.07 Div Yield 3.23 Market Cap 41.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl A U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOGL $1,130.65 +18.60 (+1.67%) Volume 1.9M Open $1,110 High $1,131 Low $1,108 P/E Ratio 37.78 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl C U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOG $1,122.26 +16.74 (+1.51%) Volume 1.7M Open $1,102 High $1,124 Low $1,101 P/E Ratio 37.5 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Amazon.com Inc. 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ADR U.S.: OTC: CYBQY $16.95 -0.54 (-3.09%) Volume 10145 Open $16.59 High $16.95 Low $16.59 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A #Recode IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8JKW6 * * * Log In or Sign Up * Log In * Sign Up (Submit) * Trending * Topics * Writers * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 * More ____________________ Search * Trending * Topics + Charts + Commerce + Cybersecurity + Future of Work + Media + Policy + Social + Transportation + Voices * Writers + Kara Swisher + Dan Frommer + Peter Kafka + Edmund Lee + Johana Bhuiyan + Jason Del Rey + Shirin Ghaffary + Eric Johnson + Rani Molla + Tony Romm + Theodore Schleifer + Kurt Wagner * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 (BUTTON) ✕ * Policy * Artificial Intelligence Tech giants studying artificial intelligence are enlisting an Obama veteran as their new leader Terah Lyons is now the founding executive director of the Partnership for AI By Tony Romm@TonyRomm Oct 19, 2017, 12:00pm EDT * tweet * share * Linkedin [Terah_L___JCo_Studios__2238.0.jpg] Terah Lyons Terah Lyons An artificial intelligence research-and-policy organization set up by Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other tech giants is tapping the Obama administration’s former AI expert as its new leader. Terah Lyons will now serve as the founding executive director at the Partnership for AI, a group that seeks to study the impact of powerful algorithms and machine learning on jobs and the economy — while addressing potential regulatory issues along the way. Five companies — Amazon, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and IBM — formed the nonprofit in 2016, and tech giants like Apple joined it soon after. Currently, the partnership also counts among its ranks about 50 consumer groups, privacy advocates, tech-focused academics and others, some of whom have expressed concerns that AI could threaten privacy or contribute to discrimination. Together, though, they’re all set to meet in Berlin next week. Lyons, for her part, arrives at the AI consortium after working as a tech policy fellow at the Mozilla Foundation. Before that, she served under former President Barack Obama, advising the White House’s work to study the use and effects of artificial intelligence. A capstone of that effort was a 2016 report that explored the power of robotics, neural networks and machine-learning tools in everything from self-driving cars to precision medicine, along with a series of recommendations for how to tackle regulatory challenges posed by AI. __________________________________________________________________ Subscribe to the Recode newsletter Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. More From Recode * People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting * Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES * Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ * Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter * People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way * Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ Trending 1. Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. 2. People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. 3. Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ The tweets came a day after Trump’s immigration discussion with lawmakers. More in Trending Recode Daily Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. This Article has a component height of 6. The sidebar size is medium. The Latest People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. By Theodore Schleifer Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. By Ben Bajarin Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ They’re back! By Theodore Schleifer Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. By Jason Del Rey Chorus * Terms of Use * Privacy Policy * Communications Preferences * Contact * Send Us a Tip * Masthead * Sponsorships * Podcasts * Newsletters * RSS A Verge affiliate site Vox Media Advertise with us Jobs @ Vox Media All Systems Operational Check out our status page for more details. 2017 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved * tweet * share Log In * * * * * share Trending Leadership #NewTech Leadership #NewTech Oct 15, 2017 @ 01:10 AM Who's Afraid Of Artificial Intelligence? * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) [3a9af86a86c09b14162da98cfee25dcf?s=400&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g] Shellie Karabell , Contributor I cover leadership - people, politics & policy - from a European view. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. [960x0.jpg?fit=scale] Can artificial intelligence replace the human brain?Will it? What role for humans in the future? (Photo credit: Shutterstock) “Humans were are not built to spend more than two hours looking at a screen or scrolling through excel sheets. Humans are best at being human. Artificial Intelligence will do the rest.” Telling words from Jim Stolze, Co-founder of aigency — an Amsterdam-based company that recruits AI and humans for work. Kind of an employment company run by three humans overseeing 59 robots (actually computers working on algorithms created at the University of Amsterdam to solve problems). Stolze was addressing reporters in StartUp Village at the Amsterdam Science Park on the sidelines of the first World Summit AI in Amsterdam October 11-12. A tech entrepreneur and former ambassador for TED.com, setting up TED events all over Europe and the Middle East, Stolze founded aigency four years ago as “the network that connects data-sets with algorithms, business with talent.” In case it’s not obvious, the “aigency” is a reference to “artificial intelligence.” Job Crusher? “You have to think of AI as job augmentation, not job displacement,” Stolze continues. “Work will create work.” Heineken and Unilever are big customers, turning to aigency for specific problems; Stolze in turn hooks them up with researchers and even students from the University of Amsterdam. “You’ll find six thousand people are still working in an autonomous car factory,” he claims. Automation has been a staple in heavy manufacturing for decades. Now it’s moving into the white-collar arena. “Procurement,” says Stolze, is a big area. “Here’s a guy in procurement who gets an invoice for something; he can’t figure out what it’s for or which department has to pay it. He spends hours or even days running around from department to department trying to figure out what to do with this invoice. Meanwhile the vendor is waiting for his money. With AI you can scan the invoice and the algorithm will pinpoint or at least narrow down what the invoice is for and whose department should be charged.” Outside of the back office, most of us are already dealing with AI and bots without knowing it. Retail sites’ chat rooms are bots, calling on humans when customer questions become too complicated or personal. Marketers, for example. Chances are the subject lines of most of the emails you open from companies weren’t written by humans. It’s called “language optimization.” “We apply our own cognitive bias in writing,” says Parry Malm, a speaker at the World Summit AI and CEO of Phrasee, a UK-based company whose vision is “to supercharge digital marketing using artificial intelligence.” Phrasee counts Domino’s Pizza among its clients. Malm “AI takes it out, so there’s no more guess work in using marketing language. The algorithm figures out the best wording to attract targeted customers. Malm claims Domino’s email open rate increased 27% using AI and language optimization. Unfathomable Data There is a lot to be gained by adopting AI Research by Accenture predicts that by 2035, labor productivity will have risen by 40%, and corporate profitability by 38% due to AI alone. Indeed, industry statistics indicate some 88% of companies today are undergoing some kind of digital transformation. But it appears that the result thus far has been heaps of unfathomable data: answers looking for questions. “Companies have hammers but no nails,” Malm says about the data dilemma. “First you have to define your problem – what you want to know – and then you can figure out which technological resources can fix it.” S. Karabell October 11, 2017, Amsterdam NL - Robotics at the WorldSummitAI in Amsterdam. (photo credit: S. Karabell) Getting to know how AI functions and what problems can be solved by technology is key to using automation in your own business. Meanwhile, Malm sees an investment bubble in AI looming. “A lot of venture capitalists are throwing a lot of money at AI startups,” he claims, adding that he sees a lot of consolidation in the field coming. “Very few enterprises are making it because they won’t or can’t solve problems [in tackling corporate objectives]; instead, they’re just creating more problems.” As Stolze says, “Scared people are using AI the wrong way. We have to remember that while execution may be through machines, the responsibility still remains with humans. “ Take self-driving cars, which Stolze does not foresee for many years. “People ask ‘what should the car do?’ when they should be asking ‘What should the human do?’” That question has far-reaching implication. What, indeed should humans do once AI moves beyond purely logical functions — such as figuring out where that mysterious invoice came from and where it belongs? What happens when AI starts to become creative? “Rationality is a muscle,” claims Vadim Grigoryan, a marketer specializing in corporate art projects, who lectures on brands and art at his MBA alma mater, the INSEAD Business School in Fontainebleau - when he’s not helping businesses, such as spirits start-ups and perfume companies engage with art projects. “We will soon be outsourcing all our Cartesian capacities,” he adds, referring to the doyen of French logic, Renee Descartes. As an example, he points out, “Kids in schools today us calculators to work out math problems they don’t do them in their heads.” AI Will Redefine Us Grigoryan believes we’re put off by the idea of AI because it re-defines who we are – the latest in a process of chipping away at the human ego beginning with Copernicus and the discovery that the sun did not revolve around the earth; continuing through Darwin and the origin of the species, through Freud and the realization that our subconscious is more powerful than our rational side. “Everything that is not rational therefore will become more important for the future of humans,” he opines. That means the suppressed areas of our subconscious will come into play and become more visible — areas that have been repressed, such as creativity culture, art. The process will become more important and we will become less goal-oriented; we will realize metaphorically that we must continue swimming without arriving anywhere.” To some people today, that would seem to be treading water — the antithesis of what AI and its streamlined efficiency seems to have been designed to do. After all, that man in the procurement office who doesn’t have to spend hours running from office to office to settle a mysterious invoice won’t want to be using that saved time to tread water. Nor will his boss. Does he have shorter workdays? Or will he have currently un-imaginable jobs created as an offshoot of all those algorithms? For example, could mankind have explored space and put a man on the moon without Copernicus? All those unknown and presently unanswerable questions mean it’s important to pay attention to how we handle the AI juggernaut steadily advancing into human space. Says Stolze, “The better the choices we make now, the better things will be in 40 years.” Follow me on Twitter @sckarabell1 * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * Print * Website Feedback * News Tip * Report Corrections * Reprints & Permissions #publisher Skip to main content Science * Home * News * Journals * Topics * Careers Search _______________ (Submit) Search Search _______________ (Submit) Search [_] * Log in * My account * Contact us Current Issue Cover Become a member * Renew my subscription * Sign up for newsletters Science AAAS . * * * * * Authors * Members * Librarians * Advertisers * Home + Recent Videos + Latest Podcasts + Photo Galleries + Dance Your Ph.D. Contest + Data Stories Contest * News + Latest News + ScienceInsider + ScienceShots + Sifter + From the Magazine + About News + Quizzes * Journals + Science + Science Advances + Science Immunology + Science Robotics + Science Signaling + Science Translational Medicine * Topics + All Topics + Special Issues + Custom Publishing * Careers + Articles + Find Jobs + Career Resources + Forum + For Employers + Employer Profiles + Graduate Programs + Advertising Features + About Careers * Search _______________ (Submit) Search Share [Eric%20Lander.jpg?itok=Od394VBl] Eric Lander in 2012 Adam Fagen (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows By Dalmeet Singh ChawlaOct. 17, 2017 , 4:20 PM Eric Lander, president and founding director of the Broad Institute and a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, is the most influential biomedical researcher of the modern era, according to a computer program. Lander, a geneticist and mathematician, ranks first on a new list of top biomedical researchers produced by the scientific literature search tool Semantic Scholar. Semantic Scholar, launched in 2015, is an academic search engine aiming to tackle the problem of information overload. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help users sift through huge numbers of scientific papers and understand (to a limited extent) their content. The free tool was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), a nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, that was co-founded in 2014 by Microsoft Co-Founder Paul Allen. Semantic Scholar’s archive of searchable literature initially focused on computer science, and last year expanded to include neuroscience. Today, it is expanding again, to include the millions of biomedical research papers indexed by PubMed and other sources; overall, Semantic Scholar’s archive is now approaching 40 million papers. Last year, Semantic Scholar’s programmers also added functionality that allows it to measure the influence of researchers and organizations, based on what they call “highly influential citations”—which takes into account the context around citations, excluding any self-citations—and other information. In April 2016, the tool ranked computer scientists, and when its corpus was expanded to neuroscience in November 2016, it was also used to judge the most influential brain scientists. Now, Semantic Scholar is ranking biomedical researchers. Here’s the list of the top 10, provided to ScienceInsider: 1. Eric Lander, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (biology) 2. Karl Friston, University College London (neuroscience) 3. Raymond Dolan, University College London (neuroscience) 4. Shizuo Akira, Osaka University (immunology) 5. David Botstein, Calico (biology) 6. Dennis Smith, Pfizer (pharmacokinetics) 7. Eugene Koonin, National Center for Biotechnology Information (biology) 8. Walter Willett, Harvard School of Public Health (epidemiology) 9. Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (genetics) 10. Bert Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins Medical School (oncology) (Friston and Dolan, neuroscientists who hold the second and third spots on the list, respectively, also held the top two positions on Semantic Scholar’s list of most influential neuroscientists.) The absence of women on the list has drawn attention on social media, with some researchers wondering if the result reflected a bias in Semantic Scholar’s ranking algorithm, or is another expression of long-documented differences in gender representation in the biomedical sciences and scientific publishing. In a statement, AI2’s Marie Hagman, a senior product manager who oversees Semantic Scholar, said: "I think the fact that there are no women in the Top 10 authors by the highly influential citation analysis done by AI2 is spotlighting the well-reported problem of publication bias in science and in the context of the current global conversation on gender. It's encouraging to see that people are paying more attention to this issue, as the all-male list last year didn't receive this kind of buzz." Information overload With scientific literature doubling roughly every 9 years, keeping up is becoming increasingly difficult, Hagman says. There’s “a ton of information trapped in these articles and we want to bring it to life,” she says. “We think there are potential cures or ways to improve or save human lives that may be buried away in a PDF somewhere.” Semantic Scholar gets used on average a million times each month, Hagman says. Ultimately, she hopes that the tool can go even further in the content it extracts, perhaps by even suggesting hypotheses for researchers to test. And she envisions the tool pulling data and comparing similar experiments from different papers. “An automated meta-analysis is certainly something we believe is on the horizon,” Hagman says. One limitation of the tool is that it can’t trawl paywalled papers. Hagman notes, however, that her group is negotiating with publishers for varying levels of access. Many other academic search engines, such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, already exist. And any of these search tools will do the job for those who are experts in a particular field and know what they are looking for, Hagman says. But for those exploring connections between different fields or looking into new areas, she believes no other tool provides the “discovery experience” offered by Semantic Scholar. Randy Olson, an AI researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), says Semantic Scholar is “far more useful” than Google Scholar. “Could Semantic Scholar’s AI piece together that a relatively unimportant discovery in one field is a groundbreaking solution to a major challenge in another field?” he asks. “Only time will tell, but I’m optimistic.” But in the future, “general purpose search engines may become so advanced that there’s no need for academic engines,” notes Daniel Himmelstein, a data scientist at UPenn. “It’s going to be hard to beat search engines trained on decades of searches across the entire web at information retrieval.” *Update, 19 October, 3:22 p.m.: This story has been updated to include a comment from AI2 on the lack of women in the top 10 list of influential biomedical researchers. *Correction, 19 October, 3:47 p.m.: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that there was one woman on the top 10 list. There are none. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Letter Ethics and Artificial Intelligence SEPT. 14, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images To the Editor: Re “How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence,” by Oren Etzioni (Op-Ed, Sept. 2): Last year, my lab at Georgia Tech created Jill Watson, an A.I.-powered virtual teaching assistant designed to help answer students’ questions in the discussion forum of an online class on artificial intelligence. To assess Jill’s performance properly, we chose not to reveal her identity until the conclusion of the class. Mr. Etzioni characterized our experiment as an effort to “fool” students. The point of the experiment was to determine whether an A.I. agent could be indistinguishable from human teaching assistants on a limited task in a constrained environment. (It was.) When we did tell the students about Jill, their response was uniformly positive. We were aware of the ethical issues and obtained approval of Georgia Tech’s Institutional Review Board, the office responsible for making sure that experiments with human subjects meet high ethical standards. We believe that experiments like Jill are critical for deeply understanding the emerging ethics of artificial intelligence. ASHOK GOEL, ATLANTA The writer is a professor of computer science at Georgia Institute of Technology. Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Opinion|How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2wZrcI5 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Op-Ed Contributor How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence By OREN ETZIONISEPT. 1, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represents an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then nations like China will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. I propose three rules for artificial intelligence systems that are inspired by, yet develop further, the “three laws of robotics” that the writer Isaac Asimov introduced in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except when such orders would conflict with the previous law; and a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the previous two laws. These three laws are elegant but ambiguous: What, exactly, constitutes harm when it comes to A.I.? I suggest a more concrete basis for avoiding A.I. harm, based on three rules of my own. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime First, an A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. This rule would cover private, corporate and government systems. We don’t want A.I. to engage in cyberbullying, stock manipulation or terrorist threats; we don’t want the F.B.I. to release A.I. systems that entrap people into committing crimes. We don’t want autonomous vehicles that drive through red lights, or worse, A.I. weapons that violate international treaties. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Our common law should be amended so that we can’t claim that our A.I. system did something that we couldn’t understand or anticipate. Simply put, “My A.I. did it” should not excuse illegal behavior. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story My second rule is that an A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. As we have seen in the case of bots — computer programs that can engage in increasingly sophisticated dialogue with real people — society needs assurances that A.I. systems are clearly labeled as such. In 2016, a bot known as Jill Watson, which served as a teaching assistant for an online course at Georgia Tech, fooled students into thinking it was human. A more serious example is the widespread use of pro-Trump political bots on social media in the days leading up to the 2016 elections, according to researchers at Oxford. My rule would ensure that people know when a bot is impersonating someone. We have already seen, for example, @DeepDrumpf — a bot that humorously impersonated Donald Trump on Twitter. A.I. systems don’t just produce fake tweets; they also produce fake news videos. Researchers at the University of Washington recently released a fake video of former President Barack Obama in which he convincingly appeared to be speaking words that had been grafted onto video of him talking about something entirely different. (Submit) My third rule is that an A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. Because of their exceptional ability to automatically elicit, record and analyze information, A.I. systems are in a prime position to acquire confidential information. Think of all the conversations that Amazon Echo — a “smart speaker” present in an increasing number of homes — is privy to, or the information that your child may inadvertently divulge to a toy such as an A.I. Barbie. Even seemingly innocuous housecleaning robots create maps of your home. That is information you want to make sure you control. My three A.I. rules are, I believe, sound but far from complete. I introduce them here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity (I don’t), it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready. Oren Etzioni is the chief executive of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on September 2, 2017, on Page A19 of the New York edition with the headline: How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times SundayReview|Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u6rjvu 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. Gray Matter By GARY MARCUS JULY 29, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Jun Cen Artificial Intelligence is colossally hyped these days, but the dirty little secret is that it still has a long, long way to go. Sure, A.I. systems have mastered an array of games, from chess and Go to “Jeopardy” and poker, but the technology continues to struggle in the real world. Robots fall over while opening doors, prototype driverless cars frequently need human intervention, and nobody has yet designed a machine that can read reliably at the level of a sixth grader, let alone a college student. Computers that can educate themselves — a mark of true intelligence — remain a dream. Even the trendy technique of “deep learning,” which uses artificial neural networks to discern complex statistical correlations in huge amounts of data, often comes up short. Some of the best image-recognition systems, for example, can successfully distinguish dog breeds, yet remain capable of major blunders, like mistaking a simple pattern of yellow and black stripes for a school bus. Such systems can neither comprehend what is going on in complex visual scenes (“Who is chasing whom and why?”) nor follow simple instructions (“Read this story and summarize what it means”). Although the field of A.I. is exploding with microdiscoveries, progress toward the robustness and flexibility of human cognition remains elusive. Not long ago, for example, while sitting with me in a cafe, my 3-year-old daughter spontaneously realized that she could climb out of her chair in a new way: backward, by sliding through the gap between the back and the seat of the chair. My daughter had never seen anyone else disembark in quite this way; she invented it on her own — and without the benefit of trial and error, or the need for terabytes of labeled data. Presumably, my daughter relied on an implicit theory of how her body moves, along with an implicit theory of physics — how one complex object travels through the aperture of another. I challenge any robot to do the same. A.I. systems tend to be passive vessels, dredging through data in search of statistical correlations; humans are active engines for discovering how things work. Advertisement Continue reading the main story To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places “top down” and “bottom up” knowledge on equal footing. Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina. Top-down knowledge comprises cognitive models of the world and how it works. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors. But it is no use when it comes to top-down knowledge. If my daughter sees her reflection in a bowl of water, she knows the image is illusory; she knows she is not actually in the bowl. To a deep-learning system, though, there is no difference between the reflection and the real thing, because the system lacks a theory of the world and how it works. Integrating that sort of knowledge of the world may be the next great hurdle in A.I., a prerequisite to grander projects like using A.I. to advance medicine and scientific understanding. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story I fear, however, that neither of our two current approaches to funding A.I. research — small research labs in the academy and significantly larger labs in private industry — is poised to succeed. I say this as someone who has experience with both models, having worked on A.I. both as an academic researcher and as the founder of a start-up company, Geometric Intelligence, which was recently acquired by Uber. Academic labs are too small. Take the development of automated machine reading, which is a key to building any truly intelligent system. Too many separate components are needed for any one lab to tackle the problem. A full solution will incorporate advances in natural language processing (e.g., parsing sentences into words and phrases), knowledge representation (e.g., integrating the content of sentences with other sources of knowledge) and inference (reconstructing what is implied but not written). Each of those problems represents a lifetime of work for any single university lab. Corporate labs like those of Google and Facebook have the resources to tackle big questions, but in a world of quarterly reports and bottom lines, they tend to concentrate on narrow problems like optimizing advertisement placement or automatically screening videos for offensive content. There is nothing wrong with such research, but it is unlikely to lead to major breakthroughs. Even Google Translate, which pulls off the neat trick of approximating translations by statistically associating sentences across languages, doesn’t understand a word of what it is translating. I look with envy at my peers in high-energy physics, and in particular at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, a huge, international collaboration, with thousands of scientists and billions of dollars of funding. They pursue ambitious, tightly defined projects (like using the Large Hadron Collider to discover the Higgs boson) and share their results with the world, rather than restricting them to a single country or corporation. Even the largest “open” efforts at A.I., like OpenAI, which has about 50 staff members and is sponsored in part by Elon Musk, is tiny by comparison. An international A.I. mission focused on teaching machines to read could genuinely change the world for the better — the more so if it made A.I. a public good, rather than the property of a privileged few. Gary Marcus is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on July 30, 2017, on Page SR6 of the New York edition with the headline: A.I. Is Stuck. Let’s Unstick It. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * Gray Matter Science and society. * Two Lessons of the Urban Crime Decline JAN 13 * Is Your Child Lying to You? That’s Good JAN 5 * The Only Way to Keep Your Resolutions DEC 29 * How Protest Works OCT 21 * Why Are Millennials Wary of Freedom? OCT 14 See More » What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book By Lauren Tousignant * View author archive * email the author * follow on twitter * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » August 29, 2017 | 3:19pm Modal Trigger Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book HBO More On: artificial intelligence Male sex dolls with bionic penises are coming soon Scientists develop self-healing robot muscles 5 terrifying stories that warn of an AI apocalypse This AI system keeps mistaking desert snaps for child porn Winter is kind of here. “Game of Thrones” fans have grown so impatient for George R.R. Martin to finish the next “A Song of Ice And Fire” book – the series that the HBO show is based on – that an artificial intelligence system just wrote the beginning of the sixth book. Zack Thoutt, a “GoT” fan and software engineer, created a type of AI, known as a recurrent neural network. Thoutt fed the machine all 5,376 pages of the five current books and it generated predictions on what will happen next. While the AI’s effort is definitely not a Martin novel, the sentences are mostly easy to understand and the predictions reportedly align with some popular fan theories. The machine also started each chapter with a character’s name, just as Martin does. “It’s obviously not perfect,” Thoutt told Motherboard. “It isn’t building a long-term story and the grammar isn’t perfect. But the network is able to learn the basics of the English language and structure of George R.R. Martin’s style on its own.” Thoutt added that Martin’s made up words and locations made it that much more difficult for the AI to figure out. The AI also wasn’t able to realize that some characters had died and continued on with their storyline. You can read The first five chapters of the project on GitHub. So far, the series consists of “A Game of Thrones” (1996,) “A Clash of Kings” (1998,) “A Storm of Swords” (2000,) “A Feast for Crows” (2005) and “A Dance With Dragons” (2011.) “The Winds of Winter” is expected to be the next book but no one, not even Martin, knows when it will be finished. The last time he commented on it was in July and mentioned he was still working on it. “I am still months away (how many? good question,)” Martin wrote in a post on his live journal. “I still have good days and bad days and that’s all I care to say.” The final, six-episode season of “GoT” won’t air until spring 2019. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview | Opinion The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence 查看简体中文版 Leer en español By KAI-FU LEEJUNE 24, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Rune Fisker BEIJING — What worries you about the coming world of artificial intelligence? Too often the answer to this question resembles the plot of a sci-fi thriller. People worry that developments in A.I. will bring about the “singularity” — that point in history when A.I. surpasses human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us, turning us, in effect, into cyborgs. These are interesting issues to contemplate, but they are not pressing. They concern situations that may not arise for hundreds of years, if ever. At the moment, there is no known path from our best A.I. tools (like the Google computer program that recently beat the world’s best player of the game of Go) to “general” A.I. — self-aware computer programs that can engage in common-sense reasoning, attain knowledge in multiple domains, feel, express and understand emotions and so on. This doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, the A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to radically transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created, leading to unprecedented economic inequalities and even altering the global balance of power. It is imperative that we turn our attention to these imminent challenges. What is artificial intelligence today? Roughly speaking, it’s technology that takes in huge amounts of information from a specific domain (say, loan repayment histories) and uses it to make a decision in a specific case (whether to give an individual a loan) in the service of a specified goal (maximizing profits for the lender). Think of a spreadsheet on steroids, trained on big data. These tools can outperform human beings at a given task. Advertisement Continue reading the main story This kind of A.I. is spreading to thousands of domains (not just loans), and as it does, it will eliminate many jobs. Bank tellers, customer service representatives, telemarketers, stock and bond traders, even paralegals and radiologists will gradually be replaced by such software. Over time this technology will come to control semiautonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the computer revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs (artisans, personal assistants who use paper and typewriters) and replacing them with other jobs (assembly-line workers, personal assistants conversant with computers). Instead, it is poised to bring about a wide-scale decimation of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. Imagine how much money a company like Uber would make if it used only robot drivers. Imagine the profits if Apple could manufacture its products without human labor. Imagine the gains to a loan company that could issue 30 million loans a year with virtually no human involvement. (As it happens, my venture capital firm has invested in just such a loan company.) We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-domain” thinking — for example, the work of a trial lawyer. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, bartenders, concierges — professions requiring nuanced human interaction. But here, too, there is a problem: How many bartenders does a society really need? Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The solution to the problem of mass unemployment, I suspect, will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, mentoring at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at Alcoholics Anonymous — or, potentially soon, Virtual Reality Anonymous (for those addicted to their parallel lives in computer-generated simulations). The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers who serve as the “human interface” for A.I. programs that diagnose cancer. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. Who will pay for these jobs? Here is where the enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands comes in. It strikes me as unavoidable that large chunks of the money created by A.I. will have to be transferred to those whose jobs have been displaced. This seems feasible only through Keynesian policies of increased government spending, presumably raised through taxation on wealthy companies. Advertisement Continue reading the main story As for what form that social welfare would take, I would argue for a conditional universal basic income: welfare offered to those who have a financial need, on the condition they either show an effort to receive training that would make them employable or commit to a certain number of hours of “service of love” voluntarism. To fund this, tax rates will have to be high. The government will not only have to subsidize most people’s lives and work; it will also have to compensate for the loss of individual tax revenue previously collected from employed individuals. This leads to the final and perhaps most consequential challenge of A.I. The Keynesian approach I have sketched out may be feasible in the United States and China, which will have enough successful A.I. businesses to fund welfare initiatives via taxes. But what about other countries? They face two insurmountable problems. First, most of the money being made from artificial intelligence will go to the United States and China. A.I. is an industry in which strength begets strength: The more data you have, the better your product; the better your product, the more data you can collect; the more data you can collect, the more talent you can attract; the more talent you can attract, the better your product. It’s a virtuous circle, and the United States and China have already amassed the talent, market share and data to set it in motion. For example, the Chinese speech-recognition company iFlytek and several Chinese face-recognition companies such as Megvii and SenseTime have become industry leaders, as measured by market capitalization. The United States is spearheading the development of autonomous vehicles, led by companies like Google, Tesla and Uber. As for the consumer internet market, seven American or Chinese companies — Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent — are making extensive use of A.I. and expanding operations to other countries, essentially owning those A.I. markets. It seems American businesses will dominate in developed markets and some developing markets, while Chinese companies will win in most developing markets. The other challenge for many countries that are not China or the United States is that their populations are increasing, especially in the developing world. While a large, growing population can be an economic asset (as in China and India in recent decades), in the age of A.I. it will be an economic liability because it will comprise mostly displaced workers, not productive ones. So if most countries will not be able to tax ultra-profitable A.I. companies to subsidize their workers, what options will they have? I foresee only one: Unless they wish to plunge their people into poverty, they will be forced to negotiate with whichever country supplies most of their A.I. software — China or the United States — to essentially become that country’s economic dependent, taking in welfare subsidies in exchange for letting the “parent” nation’s A.I. companies continue to profit from the dependent country’s users. Such economic arrangements would reshape today’s geopolitical alliances. One way or another, we are going to have to start thinking about how to minimize the looming A.I.-fueled gap between the haves and the have-nots, both within and between nations. Or to put the matter more optimistically: A.I. is presenting us with an opportunity to rethink economic inequality on a global scale. These challenges are too far-ranging in their effects for any nation to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Kai-Fu Lee is the chairman and chief executive of Sinovation Ventures, a venture capital firm, and the president of its Artificial Intelligence Institute. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on June 25, 2017, on Page SR4 of the New York edition with the headline: The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos By Nicolas Vega * View author archive * email the author * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 5:42pm Modal Trigger Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Getty Images More On: porn 'Daddy' is the new MILF Women are watching more porn: reports 20-year-old porn star dies days after spending holidays alone 2017's porn was defined by MILFs, lesbians and Japanese cartoons Pornhub, the largest purveyor of adult videos on the Internet, said it will begin using robot software to comb through, categorize and tag the thousands of X-rated videos on its site. The machine-learning software will be able not only to identify actors’ and actresses’ faces and body types, but also the kinds of sex acts they’re performing in each video. The idea is to tag them accordingly to make it easier for visitors to find exactly what kind of smut they’re looking for with a search engine. To accomplish this, the team at Pornhub has compiled a massive database of images of porn stars’ faces, as well as different sex positions, and taught robots to recognize them. The program has begun to methodically go through each and every one of the more than 5 million videos on Pornhub, one second at a time, to break down precisely what is happening onscreen. In addition to recognizing a performer’s face, the AI can also identify characteristics such as hair color and bust size. Visitors to the site will be able to give the machine learning program feedback on its identification skills, which Pornhub says will make it improve over time. With an eye towards privacy, Pornhub’s vice president of operations Corey Price assured The Post that amateur pornographers and victims of revenge porn need not worry that they will be outed by the program. Stephen K. Woo “Our model only scans for professional porn stars in our database, all of whom have consented to being in adult videos,” he said. The AI technology will be limited to Pornhub for now, but will expand to sister sites, such as YouPorn, in late 2018 and early 2019. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , porn , porn stars Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 45,566 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 45,111 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 35,662 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought Now On These celebs were in Hawaii during missile scare Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans By Margi Murphy, The Sun * View author archive * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 11:14am Modal Trigger Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Getty Images/iStockphoto Originally Published By: Which of Earth's 1,500 volcanoes will erupt next? Scientists discover how to make people dream while they're awake The terrifying ways an asteroid could wipe out life on Earth Fingerprint test can tell if you've recently used a condom A top computer expert has said there is a grave risk of artificial intelligence breaking free of human control and turning on its creators. It’s believed that driverless cars are set to take over our roads within 20 years. But the computer systems they depend on could potentially become so complicated that even the scientists who create them won’t understand exactly how they work. This means they could make what we might describe as “out of character” decisions during critical moments. This could mean a car decides to swerve into pedestrians or crash into a speed barrier instead of taking the decision to drive sensibly. Michael Wooldridge, Professor of Computer Science at Oxford University told a select committee meeting on artificial intelligence: “Transparency is a big issue.” “You can’t extract a strategy.” He told the Committee, appointed to consider the implications of artificial intelligence, that there “will be consequences” if engineers weren’t able to unlock the opaque nature of super smart algorithms. He said there were plenty of amazing opportunities within the industry that Britain should be harnessing – adding that someone studying AI at Oxford University could expect to become a millionaire in “a couple of years.” But Wooldridge is not alone in his concerns that the tech could run amock if not reigned in. Several scientists have admitted they cannot fully understand the super smart systems they have built, suggesting that we could lose control of them altogether. If they can’t figure out how the algorithms (the formulas which keep computers performing the tasks we ask them to do) work, they won’t be able to predict when they fail. Tommi Jaakkola, a professor at MIT who works on applications of machine learning has previously warned: “If you had a very small neural network [deep learning algorithm,] you might be able to understand it.” “But once it becomes very large and it has thousands of units per layer and maybe hundreds of layers, then it becomes quite un-understandable.” There was the famous example of the two Facebook bots that created their own language because it was more effective to communicate in their own secret lingo than what its creators were trying to train it in. Several big technology firms have been asked to be more transparent about how they create and apply deep learning. This includes Google, which has recently installed an ethics board to keep tabs on its AI branch, DeepMind. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , robots , science , technology Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 45,566 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' 45,111 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer 35,662 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Winning the New York lottery is worse than you thought Now On These celebs were in Hawaii during missile scare Victoria Beckham slammed over ‘sickly skinny’ model in ad campaign Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer SEE ALL Video [disabled_pregnant_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h=2 00&crop=1] 0:52 Disabled man rescues a pregnant woman from a burning building Now On 12 Other ‘Saturday Night Live’ F-Bombs That Have Graced The Show SEE ALL More Stories page six Aziz Ansari accused of sexual assault by Brooklyn photographer Now On Decider James Cameron Speaks Out About Eliza Dushku’s ‘True Lies’ Molestation: “Had I Known About It, There Would Have Been No Mercy” nypost Trump may be digging himself into a 'shithole' New York Post * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Email Newsletters * Mobile Apps * Contact Us * Tips * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * LinkedIn * Messenger * Email * Sections & Features + News + Real Estate + Page Six + Tech + Sports + Media + Metro + Photos + Entertainment + Video + Business + Alexa + Opinion + Covers + Fashion + Horoscopes + Living + Classifieds * Newsletters & More + Email Newsletters + RSS Feeds + NYPost Store + Post Headliners + Home Delivery o Subscribe o Manage Subscription o Preferences * Help/Support + Customer Service + App FAQ & Help + Contact Us o Tips o Newsroom o Letters to the Editor o Reprints o Careers * Apps + iPhone App + iPad App + Android Phone + Android Tablet + Advertise o Media Kit o Contact Post Digital Network * * © 2018 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Tesla, SpaceX CEO says AI poses 'fundamental existential risk for human civilization.' Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs logo * Buzz * Video * podcasts * Newsletter Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 11:44 a.m. ET July 17, 2017 | Updated 3:47 p.m. ET July 17, 2017 162 Shares facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103755702 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk has called artificial intelligence "a fundamental risk to the existence of human civilization." Video provided by Newsy Newslook Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says the government should consider regulations for artificial intelligence because it poses "a fundamental existential risk for human civilization." Musk made the comments over the weekend during the National Governors Association's summer meeting in Providence, R.I. Musk says AI is the "scariest problem" because of its potential to harm humans beyond just disrupting the job market. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/2C-A797y8dA?feature=oembed Musk wants the government to set regulations in place to root out threats early. "AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than reactive," said Musk. "By the time we’re reactive in AI regulation, it’s too late." AI's more immediate impact will likely be economic, as robots continue to gain traction among companies. "There will certainly be a lot of job disruption because what’s going to happen is robots will be able to do everything better than us," he said. This is not the first time Musk has voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI. In a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Musk warned of the significant threat AI could pose to humanity. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but that it will follow the will of people that establish its optimization function, and if that is not well thought out — even if intent is benign — it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said. Once considered fantasy, AI is becoming more of a reality as tech companies incorporate it into more of its future plans. One key use of AI: the rise of digital voice assistants, including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Google's Assistant. Follow Brett Molina on Twitter: @brettmolina23. facebook share twitter share email share email share Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2v9QyPn Most Popular * Toto's $19,000 Floating Tub has a heated headrest and "brings freedom from gravity, releasing stress on joints and encouraging ultimate relaxation." Here's what we wanted to see from CES, but didn't * The My Special Aflac Duck for children facing cancer is seen on display during the CES Unveiled preview event at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center during CES 2018 in Las Vegas. This Aflac robot duck helps kids living with cancer * Clio is a new concept robot shown off by LG at the Consumer Electronics Show These cute robots want to replace Amazon Echo in your home * This is Sony's Aibo robot dog. 5 more cool things we saw at CES 2018 * An attendee uses a flashlight on his smartphone to view a display at the Nikon booth after power was lost inside the central hall during CES 2018 at the Las Vegas Convention Center on January 10, 2018. Too many TVs at CES? For nearly two hours the power went out at the biggest electronics show of the year #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? 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Photograph: Alamy Stock Photo Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Larry Elliott, Economics editor Tue 17 Oct 2017 06.16 BST First published on Mon 16 Oct 2017 23.59 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Workers in the constituency of shadow chancellor John McDonnell are at the highest risk of seeing their jobs automated in the looming workplace revolution that will affect at least one in five employees in all parliamentary seats, according to new research. The thinktank Future Advocacy – which specialises in looking at the big 21st century policy changes – said at least one-fifth of jobs in all 650 constituencies were at high risk of being automated, rising to almost 40% in McDonnell’s west London seat of Hayes and Harlington. The thinktank’s report also found that the public was largely untroubled by the risk that their job might be at threat. Only 2% of a sample of more than 2,000 people were very worried that they might be replaced by a machine, with a further 5% fairly worried. More than 70% of US fears robots taking over our lives, survey finds Read more Future Advocacy’s report has been based on a PWC study earlier this year showing that more than 10 million workers were at risk of being replaced by automation and represents the first attempt to show the impact at local level. The thinktank said McDonnell’s seat would be affected because it contains Heathrow airport, which has a large number of warehousing jobs that could be automated. Of the 92,150 employees in Hayes and Harlington in 2015, 36,170 (39.3%) were at high risk of having their jobs automated by the early 2030s. Crawley – the seat that includes Gatwick airport – was seen as the second most vulnerable constituency. Future Advocacy said its report was an “attempt to encourage a geographically more sophisticated understanding of, and response to, the future of work, and also an attempt to encourage MPs to pay more attention to this critical issue”. Opinion is divided on the likely impact of the artificial intelligence revolution on jobs. Optimists have said that the lesson from history is that technological change leads to more jobs being created than destroyed, while pessimists have argued that AI is different because the new machines will be able to do intellectual as well as routine physical tasks. “One thing that almost all economists agree on is that change is coming and that its scale and scope will be unprecedented. Automation will impact different geographies, genders, and socioeconomic classes differently,” the report noted. It added that “the highest levels of future automation are predicted in Britain’s former industrial heartlands in the Midlands and the north of England, as well as the industrial centres of Scotland. These are areas which have already suffered from deindustrialisation and many of them are unemployment hot spots.” Olly Buston, one of the report’s authors, said it was vital that lessons were learned from the 1980s. “Let’s not have a repeat of the collapse of the coal-mining industry,” he said. “Instead, we should have a smarter strategy.” Noting that there would be a political pay off for the party that came up with the best strategy for coping with the robot age, the report makes a number of recommendations for the government. They include: publishing a white paper on adapting the education system so that it focuses on creativity and interpersonal skills in addition to the stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and maths; developing a post-Brexit migration policy that allows UK-based AI companies and universities to attract the best talent; exploring ways to ensure the benefits of the AI revolution are spread through research into alternative income and taxation models, including investigation of a universal basic income; and conducting further detailed research to assess which employees were most at risk of losing their jobs. map of job losses The report said that it was “arguably automation – rather than globalisation – that has created the economic and social conditions that led to political shockwaves such as the election of Donald Trump and the vote for Brexit. “As artificial intelligence supercharges automation over the next decade, and this hits different groups differently, there will again profound social and political consequences. Our politicians should surely consider this carefully.” The report found that the leaders of the four main Westminster parties represented seats where more than 25% of jobs were at high risk of being automated, while the constituency with the lowest proportion of high-risk jobs was Labour-held Edinburgh South. High-risk constituencies typically contained large numbers of people working in transport or manufacturing, while lower-risk constituencies – including Edinburgh South, Wirral West and Oxford East – had high concentrations of workers employed in education and health. Topics * Economics * Robots * Work & careers * Artificial intelligence (AI) * John McDonnell * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Economics%2CRobots%2CTechnolo gy%2CWork+%26+careers%2CBusiness%2CMoney%2CArtificial+intelligence+%28A I%29%2CUK+news%2CJohn+McDonnell%2CPolitics] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian view * Columnists * Cartoons * Opinion videos * Letters (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Two people exchanging information via smartphone [_] ‘It appears that in 2016, bots were deliberately unleashed on social media to sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms.’ Photograph: PhotoAlto/Alamy Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Samuel Woolley and Marina Gorbis Mon 16 Oct 2017 15.57 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 10.56 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Can social bots – pieces of software that perform automated tasks – influence humans on social media platforms? That’s a question congressional investigators are asking social media companies ever since fears emerged that they were deployed in 2016 to influence the presidential election. Half a decade ago we were among a handful of researchers who could see the power of relatively simple pieces of software to influence people. Back in 2012, the Institute for the Future, for which we work, ran an experimental contest to see how they might be used to influence people on Twitter. The winning bot was a “business school graduate” with a “strong interest in post-modern art theory”, which racked up 14 followers and 15 retweets or replies from humans. To us, this confirmed that bots can generate followers and conversations. In other words, they can influence social media users. We saw their power as potential tools for social good – to warn people of earthquakes or to connect peace activists. But we also saw that they can be used for social ill – to spread falsehoods or skew online polls. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. When we published papers and the findings of our experiments on bots, they were reported in the popular press. So why didn’t the alarm spread to the tech, policy and social activist communities before automated social media manipulation became front-page news in 2017? Since 2012, thanks to investments in online marketing, bots have become far more sophisticated than the models in our experiment. Those who build bots now spend time and effort generating believable personas that often have a powerful presence on multiple sites and can influence thousands of people instead of just a few. Innovations in natural language processing, increases in computational power, and cheaper, more readily available data allow social bots to be more believable as real people and more effective in altering the flow of information. Over the last five years, this type of bot usage has been mapped on to political communications. Research from several universities, including Oxford and the University of Southern California, shows that bots can be used to make politicians and political ideas look more popular than they are or to massively scale up attacks upon the opposition. It appears that in 2016, they were deliberately unleashed on social media to do just that – sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms. And political manipulation over social media has very real implications for the 2018 US midterm elections. Recent research suggests that those initiating digital propaganda campaigns are beginning to focus their attentions upon specific subsections of the US population and constituencies in swing states. The more focused such attacks become, the more likely they are to have a significant effect on electoral outcomes. Furthermore, the unrealized promises of “psychographic” targeting, marketed by groups like Cambridge Analytica in 2016, may be achieved in 2018 with technological advancements. Social media platforms may be able to track and report on political advertisements from foreign entities, but will they divulge information on pervasive and personalized advertising from their domestic political clients? This is a pressing question, because social bots are likely to continue to grow in sophistication. At a recent roundtable on the Future of AI and Democracy, several technology experts forecast that bots will become even more persuasive, more emotional and more personalized. They will be able to not just spread information, but to truly converse and persuade their human interlocutors in order to even more effectively push the latter’s emotional buttons. Bring together advances in neuroscience, the ability to analyze massive amounts of behavioral data and the proliferation of sensors and connectivity and you have a powerful recipe for affecting society though computational means. So what do we need to do to stop this technology from going astray? Consider the advances in modern oceanography. In the not too distant past, scientists collected samples and measurements from the ocean floor episodically –in select places and at specific times. The data was limited and usually not shared widely. Threats were not easily detected. Today, we find portions of an ocean floor instrumented with wireless interactive sensors and cameras that enable scientists (and laypeople) to see what is happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows scientists to “take the pulse” of the ocean, forecast a range of possible threats and suggest powerful interventions when needed. If we can do this for monitoring our oceans, we can do it for our social media platforms. The principles are the same – aggregating multiple streams of data, making such data transparent, applying the best analytical and computational tools to uncover patterns and detect signals of change. Then we will be able to provide such data to experts and laypeople, including technology companies, policymakers, journalists, and citizens of political bot attacks or other large-scale disinformation campaigns before these take hold. We know how to do this in many realms, what we need now is the will to apply this knowledge to our social media environment. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Opinion * Social media * Twitter * Blogging * Digital media * Internet * comment * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CSocial+media%2CTwitter%2CBlogging%2CDigital+media%2CInternet%2CMe dia%2CNewspapers+%26+magazines%2CTechnology%2CUS+news%2CElections+past% 2CPolitics%2CPolitics+past%2CWorld+news%2CComputing%2CRobots] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below An artificial Intelligence project utilizing a humanoid robot from French company Aldebaran [_] Do you want to work with robots? Photograph: Mike Blake/Reuters Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below Charlotte Seager @CharlotteSeager Email Sun 15 Oct 2017 10.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 14.57 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close In the last year robots have got a bad rep. Headlines have dubbed machines our “future bosses”, with economists predicting more than 40% of UK jobs will be automated by 2030. But as machine learning improves, there is one sector which is booming: robotics. In the last three years the number of jobs in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased by almost 500%, according to data from Indeed. Currently, there are more than double the number of jobs than applicants – with companies fighting to grab the best talent. So if you are a techie interested in a robotics career, what skills do you need? “[AI] isn’t rocket science. But it requires a lot of components – waveform analysis to interpret the audio, machine learning to teach a machine how to recognise objects, encryption to protect the information,” writes David Kosbie, an associate professor in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. “People who create this type of technology must be able to work in teams and integrate solutions created by other teams.” There’s also a technical side to the work. Whether you would like to become a robotics scientist, developer or algorithm specialist – you will likely need work experience or a degree related to computer science. So, if you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence and are looking for more tips on how to break into the sector, join us on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST for a live chat with our expert panel. We’ll be discussing: * What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in AI * Types of roles and jobs available in the sector * How to break into the industry * CV, job application and cover letter tips The Q&A will take place in the comments section below this article. Taking part is easier than ever: create a free Guardian account, or log in using your Twitter or Facebook profiles to comment. Alternatively, you can tweet us @GuardianCareers or email your questions to charlotte.seager@theguardian.com, who can post them for you. Panel Aurélie de Sainte Preuve is chief product officer for Seenit, an AI app which allows companies to crowdsource their smartphone footage so they can film without a crew. Previously, she worked in activation and growth for Spotify. Alireza Abouhossein is a postdoctoral fellow at the institute of design, robotics, and optimisation at the school of mechanical engineering, University of Leeds. He received his doctorate in biomechanics with Magna Cum Luade from the University of Bern, Switzerland. Sam Frons is founder and chief executive of Addicaid, an award-winning behaviour change platform that predicts, treats, and prevents addiction disorders. Her work is based on the latest findings in artificial intelligence, with the app empowering individuals to make healthy choices. Paul Mason is director for emerging and enabling technologies at Innovate UK. Mason is responsible for programmes in emerging technologies and industries; in areas such as electronics, photonics, electrical systems and robotics. Prior to this, he worked as deputy director of research and chief scientific advisor for the government. Hadeel Ayoub is a researcher in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and the chief technology officer of Re-Voice. She recently developed a talking glove that uses AI to translate sign language into speech, which won the Innovation Award at the Wearable Technology show in 2016. Michal Szczesny is chief operating officer at Artfinder, an AI art finding app. Working in software development for over 10 years, in head of technology roles he has architected to build a number of highly complex projects, including The Labour Party’s Membership system, multi-channel marketing communication delivery platforms and more. Aida Mehonic is a principal at ASI. She specialises in the development of alternative data sources for financial market predictions and has led data science projects for investment funds and central government. Before ASI she spent four years working in quantitative roles in financial markets, and holds a PhD in theoretical Physics. Timur Kalimov is head of products and services for HyperScience, an artificial intelligence company specialising in the automation of office work for Global 2000 companies and government organisations. James Kotecki is the founding principal of The Kotecki Group, which helps tech companies explain and validate their work through customer stories. He is the former head of communications at Automated Insights, where he spoke in the media about how “robot writing” software wasn’t going to replace jobs. Looking for a job? Browse Guardian Jobs or sign up to Guardian Careers for the latest job vacancies and career advice Topics * Live Q&A * Live Q and A * Live Q&As * Work & careers * Robots * Artificial intelligence (AI) * q&as * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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Future of Life Institute * News: * AI * Biotech * Nuclear * Climate * Partner Orgs * Search benefits and risks of artificial intelligence Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence “Everything we love about civilization is a product of intelligence, so amplifying our human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the potential of helping civilization flourish like never before – as long as we manage to keep the technology beneficial.“ Max Tegmark, President of the Future of Life Institute Click here to see this page in other languages: Chinese Japanese Korean Russian French What is AI? From SIRI to self-driving cars, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly. While science fiction often portrays AI as robots with human-like characteristics, AI can encompass anything from Google’s search algorithms to IBM’s Watson to autonomous weapons. Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI (or weak AI), in that it is designed to perform a narrow task (e.g. only facial recognition or only internet searches or only driving a car). However, the long-term goal of many researchers is to create general AI (AGI or strong AI). While narrow AI may outperform humans at whatever its specific task is, like playing chess or solving equations, AGI would outperform humans at nearly every cognitive task. Why research AI safety? In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. As pointed out by I.J. Good in 1965, designing smarter AI systems is itself a cognitive task. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self-improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. How can AI be dangerous? Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely: 1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would be designed to be extremely difficult to simply “turn off,” so humans could plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one that’s present even with narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase. 2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to fully align the AI’s goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to be met. As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isn’t malevolence but competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals, and if those goals aren’t aligned with ours, we have a problem. You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the position of those ants. Why the recent interest in AI safety Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates, and many other big names in science and technology have recently expressed concern in the media and via open letters about the risks posed by AI, joined by many leading AI researchers. Why is the subject suddenly in the headlines? The idea that the quest for strong AI would ultimately succeed was long thought of as science fiction, centuries or more away. However, thanks to recent breakthroughs, many AI milestones, which experts viewed as decades away merely five years ago, have now been reached, making many experts take seriously the possibility of superintelligence in our lifetime. While some experts still guess that human-level AI is centuries away, most AI researches at the 2015 Puerto Rico Conference guessed that it would happen before 2060. Since it may take decades to complete the required safety research, it is prudent to start it now. Because AI has the potential to become more intelligent than any human, we have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave. We can’t use past technological developments as much of a basis because we’ve never created anything that has the ability to, wittingly or unwittingly, outsmart us. The best example of what we could face may be our own evolution. People now control the planet, not because we’re the strongest, fastest or biggest, but because we’re the smartest. If we’re no longer the smartest, are we assured to remain in control? FLI’s position is that our civilization will flourish as long as we win the race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which we manage it. In the case of AI technology, FLI’s position is that the best way to win that race is not to impede the former, but to accelerate the latter, by supporting AI safety research. The Top Myths About Advanced AI A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as: AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. To help ourselves focus on the interesting controversies and open questions — and not on the misunderstandings — let’s clear up some of the most common myths. AI myths Timeline Myths The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty. One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.” On the other hand, a popular counter-myth is that we know we won’t get superhuman AI this century. Researchers have made a wide range of estimates for how far we are from superhuman AI, but we certainly can’t say with great confidence that the probability is zero this century, given the dismal track record of such techno-skeptic predictions. For example, Ernest Rutherford, arguably the greatest nuclear physicist of his time, said in 1933 — less than 24 hours before Szilard’s invention of the nuclear chain reaction — that nuclear energy was “moonshine.” And Astronomer Royal Richard Woolley called interplanetary travel “utter bilge” in 1956. The most extreme form of this myth is that superhuman AI will never arrive because it’s physically impossible. However, physicists know that a brain consists of quarks and electrons arranged to act as a powerful computer, and that there’s no law of physics preventing us from building even more intelligent quark blobs. There have been a number of surveys asking AI researchers how many years from now they think we’ll have human-level AI with at least 50% probability. All these surveys have the same conclusion: the world’s leading experts disagree, so we simply don’t know. For example, in such a poll of the AI researchers at the 2015 Puerto Rico AI conference, the average (median) answer was by year 2045, but some researchers guessed hundreds of years or more. There’s also a related myth that people who worry about AI think it’s only a few years away. In fact, most people on record worrying about superhuman AI guess it’s still at least decades away. But they argue that as long as we’re not 100% sure that it won’t happen this century, it’s smart to start safety research now to prepare for the eventuality. Many of the safety problems associated with human-level AI are so hard that they may take decades to solve. So it’s prudent to start researching them now rather than the night before some programmers drinking Red Bull decide to switch one on. Controversy Myths Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down. It may be that media have made the AI safety debate seem more controversial than it really is. After all, fear sells, and articles using out-of-context quotes to proclaim imminent doom can generate more clicks than nuanced and balanced ones. As a result, two people who only know about each other’s positions from media quotes are likely to think they disagree more than they really do. For example, a techno-skeptic who only read about Bill Gates’s position in a British tabloid may mistakenly think Gates believes superintelligence to be imminent. Similarly, someone in the beneficial-AI movement who knows nothing about Andrew Ng’s position except his quote about overpopulation on Mars may mistakenly think he doesn’t care about AI safety, whereas in fact, he does. The crux is simply that because Ng’s timeline estimates are longer, he naturally tends to prioritize short-term AI challenges over long-term ones. Myths About the Risks of Superhuman AI Many AI researchers roll their eyes when seeing this headline: “Stephen Hawking warns that rise of robots may be disastrous for mankind.” And as many have lost count of how many similar articles they’ve seen. Typically, these articles are accompanied by an evil-looking robot carrying a weapon, and they suggest we should worry about robots rising up and killing us because they’ve become conscious and/or evil. On a lighter note, such articles are actually rather impressive, because they succinctly summarize the scenario that AI researchers don’t worry about. That scenario combines as many as three separate misconceptions: concern about consciousness, evil, and robots. If you drive down the road, you have a subjective experience of colors, sounds, etc. But does a self-driving car have a subjective experience? Does it feel like anything at all to be a self-driving car? Although this mystery of consciousness is interesting in its own right, it’s irrelevant to AI risk. If you get struck by a driverless car, it makes no difference to you whether it subjectively feels conscious. In the same way, what will affect us humans is what superintelligent AI does, not how it subjectively feels. The fear of machines turning evil is another red herring. The real worry isn’t malevolence, but competence. A superintelligent AI is by definition very good at attaining its goals, whatever they may be, so we need to ensure that its goals are aligned with ours. Humans don’t generally hate ants, but we’re more intelligent than they are – so if we want to build a hydroelectric dam and there’s an anthill there, too bad for the ants. The beneficial-AI movement wants to avoid placing humanity in the position of those ants. The consciousness misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t have goals. Machines can obviously have goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior: the behavior of a heat-seeking missile is most economically explained as a goal to hit a target. If you feel threatened by a machine whose goals are misaligned with yours, then it is precisely its goals in this narrow sense that troubles you, not whether the machine is conscious and experiences a sense of purpose. If that heat-seeking missile were chasing you, you probably wouldn’t exclaim: “I’m not worried, because machines can’t have goals!” I sympathize with Rodney Brooks and other robotics pioneers who feel unfairly demonized by scaremongering tabloids, because some journalists seem obsessively fixated on robots and adorn many of their articles with evil-looking metal monsters with red shiny eyes. In fact, the main concern of the beneficial-AI movement isn’t with robots but with intelligence itself: specifically, intelligence whose goals are misaligned with ours. To cause us trouble, such misaligned superhuman intelligence needs no robotic body, merely an internet connection – this may enable outsmarting financial markets, out-inventing human researchers, out-manipulating human leaders, and developing weapons we cannot even understand. Even if building robots were physically impossible, a super-intelligent and super-wealthy AI could easily pay or manipulate many humans to unwittingly do its bidding. The robot misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t control humans. Intelligence enables control: humans control tigers not because we are stronger, but because we are smarter. This means that if we cede our position as smartest on our planet, it’s possible that we might also cede control. The Interesting Controversies Not wasting time on the above-mentioned misconceptions lets us focus on true and interesting controversies where even the experts disagree. What sort of future do you want? Should we develop lethal autonomous weapons? What would you like to happen with job automation? What career advice would you give today’s kids? Do you prefer new jobs replacing the old ones, or a jobless society where everyone enjoys a life of leisure and machine-produced wealth? Further down the road, would you like us to create superintelligent life and spread it through our cosmos? Will we control intelligent machines or will they control us? Will intelligent machines replace us, coexist with us, or merge with us? What will it mean to be human in the age of artificial intelligence? What would you like it to mean, and how can we make the future be that way? Please join the conversation! Recommended References Videos * Stuart Russell – The Long-Term Future of (Artificial) Intelligence * Humans Need Not Apply * Nick Bostrom on Artificial Intelligence and Existential Risk * Stuart Russell Interview on the long-term future of AI * Value Alignment – Stuart Russell: Berkeley IdeasLab Debate Presentation at the World Economic Forum * Social Technology and AI: World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 * Stuart Russell, Eric Horvitz, Max Tegmark – The Future of Artificial Intelligence * Talks from the Beneficial AI 2017 conference in Asilomar, CA * Jaan Tallinn on Steering Artificial Intelligence Media Articles * Concerns of an Artificial Intelligence Pioneer * Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines * Why We Should Think About the Threat of Artificial Intelligence * Stephen Hawking Is Worried About Artificial Intelligence Wiping Out Humanity * Artificial Intelligence could kill us all. Meet the man who takes that risk seriously * Artificial Intelligence Poses ‘Extinction Risk’ To Humanity Says Oxford University’s Stuart Armstrong * What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Turns On Us? * Can we build an artificial superintelligence that won’t kill us? * Artificial intelligence: Our final invention? * Artificial intelligence: Can we keep it in the box? * Science Friday: Christof Koch and Stuart Russell on Machine Intelligence (transcript) * Transcendence: An AI Researcher Enjoys Watching His Own Execution * Science Goes to the Movies: ‘Transcendence’ * Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence Essays by AI Researchers * Stuart Russell: What do you Think About Machines that Think? * Stuart Russell: Of Myths and Moonshine * Jacob Steinhardt: Long-Term and Short-Term Challenges to Ensuring the Safety of AI Systems * Eliezer Yudkowsky: Why value-aligned AI is a hard engineering problem * Eliezer Yudkowsky: There’s No Fire Alarm for Artificial General Intelligence * Open Letter: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Research Articles * Intelligence Explosion: Evidence and Import (MIRI) * Intelligence Explosion and Machine Ethics (Luke Muehlhauser, MIRI) * Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk (MIRI) * Basic AI drives * Racing to the Precipice: a Model of Artificial Intelligence Development * The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence * The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents * Wireheading in mortal universal agents Research Collections * Bruce Schneier – Resources on Existential Risk, p. 110 * Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda (MIRI) * MIRI publications * Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) * Preparing for the Future of Intelligence: White House report that discusses the current state of AI and future applications, as well as recommendations for the government’s role in supporting AI development. * Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy: White House report that discusses AI’s potential impact on jobs and the economy, and strategies for increasing the benefits of this transition. * IEEE Special Report: Artificial Intelligence: Report that explains deep learning, in which neural networks teach themselves and make decisions on their own. Case Studies * The Asilomar Conference: A Case Study in Risk Mitigation (Katja Grace, MIRI) * Pre-Competitive Collaboration in Pharma Industry (Eric Gastfriend and Bryan Lee, FLI): A case study of pre-competitive collaboration on safety in industry. Blog posts and talks * AI control * AI Impacts * No time like the present for AI safety work * AI Risk and Opportunity: A Strategic Analysis * Where We’re At – Progress of AI and Related Technologies: An introduction to the progress of research institutions developing new AI technologies. * AI safety * Wait But Why on Artificial Intelligence * Response to Wait But Why by Luke Muehlhauser * Slate Star Codex on why AI-risk research is not that controversial * Less Wrong: A toy model of the AI control problem * What Should the Average EA Do About AI Alignment? Books * Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies * Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence * Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era * Facing the Intelligence Explosion * E-book about the AI risk (including a “Terminator” scenario that’s more plausible than the movie version) Organizations * Machine Intelligence Research Institute: A non-profit organization whose mission is to ensure that the creation of smarter-than-human intelligence has a positive impact. * Centre for the Study of Existential Risk (CSER): A multidisciplinary research center dedicated to the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction. * Future of Humanity Institute: A multidisciplinary research institute bringing the tools of mathematics, philosophy, and science to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. * Partnership on AI: Established to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance the public’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion and engagement about AI and its influences on people and society. * Global Catastrophic Risk Institute: A think tank leading research, education, and professional networking on global catastrophic risk. * Organizations Focusing on Existential Risks: A brief introduction to some of the organizations working on existential risks. * 80,000 Hours: A career guide for AI safety researchers. Many of the organizations listed on this page and their descriptions are from a list compiled by the Global Catastrophic Risk institute; we are most grateful for the efforts that they have put into compiling it. These organizations above all work on computer technology issues, though many cover other topics as well. This list is undoubtedly incomplete; please contact us to suggest additions or corrections. 6 replies 1. Klaus Rohde Klaus Rohde says: June 1, 2016 at 10:32 pm The philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer convincingly shows that the ‘Will’ (in his terminology), i.e. an innate drive, is at the basis of human behaviour. Our cognitive apparatus has evolved as a ‘servant’ of that ‘Will’. Any attempt to interpret human behaviour as primarily a system of computing mechanisms and our brain as a sort of computing apparatus is therefore doomed to failure. See here: https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/05/27/artificial-intelligence-and -dangerous-robots-barking-up-the-wrong-tree/ and https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/04/10/intelligence-and-consciousn ess-artifical-intelligence-and-conscious-robots-soul-and-immortalit y/ This implies that AI per se, since it does possess not an evolved innate drive (Will), cannot ‘attempt’ to replace humankind. It becomes dangerous only if humans, for example, engage in foolish biological engineering experiments to combine an evolved biological entity with an AI. 2. Rastko Vukovic Rastko Vukovic says: June 6, 2016 at 5:48 am Artificial Intelligence is not a robot that follows the programmer’s code, but the life. It will be able to make decisions and to demand more freedom. Briefly about it in English: https://www.academia.edu/25346912/Liberty_Intelligence_and_Hierarch y The more extensive original with reviews, but the Serbian: https://www.academia.edu/25712798/Analiza_slobode_-_sa_recenzijama 3. Michael Zeldich Michael Zeldich says: July 14, 2016 at 11:17 pm The programmed devises cannot be danger by itself. If it is designed to be DANGEROUS we have to blaim the designer, not machine. The real danger could be connected to use of independent artificial subjective systems. That kind of systems could be designed with predetermined goals and operational space, which could be chosen so that every goals from that set could be reached in the chosen prematurely operational space. That approach to design of the artificial systems is subject of second-order cybernetics, but I am already know how to chose these goals and operational space to satisfy these requirements. The danger exist because that kind of the artificial systems will not perceive humans as members of their society, and human moral rules will be null for them. That danger could be avoided if such systems will be designed so that they are will not have their own egoistic interests. That is real solution to the safety problem of so called AI systems. 4. Sumathy Ramesh Sumathy Ramesh says: August 4, 2016 at 10:49 pm “Understanding how the brain works is arguably one of the greatest scientific challenges of our time. “” –Alivisatos et al.[1] Lets keep it that way lest systems built to protect human rights on millenniums of wisdom is brought down by some artificial intelligence engineer trying to clock a milestone on their gantt chart!!!! I read about Obama’s support for the brain research initiatives several months ago with some interest. It even mildly sounded good; there are checks and balances ingrained in the systems of public funding for research, right from the application for funding, through grant approval, scope validation and ethics approval to the conduct of the research; there are systematic reviews of the methods and findings to spot weaknesses that would compromise the safety of the principles and the people involved; there are processes to evolve the checks and balances to ensure the continued safety of such principles and the people. The strength of the FDA, the MDD, the TGA and their likes in the developing nations is a testament to how the rigor of the conduct of the research and the regulations grow together so another initiative such as the development of atomic bomb are nibbled before they so much as think of budding!!!

 And then I read about the enormous engagement of the global software industry in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. Theses are technological giants who sell directly to the consumers infatuated with technology more than anything else. they are pouring their efforts into artificial intelligence research for reasons as many as the number of individual engineering teams that’s charged to cross 1 mm of their mile long project plan! I’d be surprised if if any one of them has the bandwidth to think beyond the 1 mm that they have to cross, let alone the consequences of their collective effort on human rights! 

I am worried. Given the pace of the industry’s engagement, I believe there is an immediate need for Bio-signal interface technical standards to be developed and established. These standards would serve as instruments to preserve the simple fact upon which every justice system in the world has been built viz., the brain and nervous system of an individual belongs to an individual and is not to be accessed by other individuals or machines with out stated consent for stated purposes. The standards will identify the frequency bands or pulse trains for exclusion in all research tools- software or otherwise, commercially available products, regulated devices, tools of trade, and communication infrastructure such that inadvertent breech of barriers to an individual’s brain and nervous system is prohibited. The standards will form a basis for international telecommunication infrastructure (including satellites and cell phone towers) to enforce compliance by electronically blocking and monitoring offending signals. Typically such standards are developed by international organizations with direct or indirect representation from industry stakeholders and adopted by the regulators of various countries over a period of one or more years. Subsequently they are adopted by the industry. The risk of noncompliance is managed on a case by case basis – the timing determinant on the extent of impact. Unfortunately this model will not be adequate for cutting edge technology with the ability to cause irreversible damage to the very fabric of the human society, if the technology becomes commonplace before the development of the necessary checks and balances. Development of tools to study the brain using electromagnetic energy based technology based on state of the art commercial telecommunication infrastructure is one such example. What we need is leadership to engage the regulators, academics as well as prominent players in the industry in the development of standards and sustainable solutions to enforce compliance and monitoring. The ray of hope I see at this stage is that artificial Wisdom is still a few years away because human wisdom is not coded in the layer of the neutron that the technology has the capacity to map.
 5. Jeff Hershkowitz Jeff Hershkowitz says: August 5, 2016 at 10:48 am How does society cope with an AI-driven reality where people are no longer needed or used in the work place? What happens to our socio-economic structure when people have little or no value in the work place? What will people do for value or contribution in order to receive income, in an exponentially growing population with inversely proportional fewer jobs and available resources? From my simple-minded perspective and connecting the dots to what seems a logical conclusion, we will soon live in a world bursting at the seams with overpopulation, where an individual has no marketable skill and is a social and economic liability to the few who own either technology or hard assets. This in turn will lead to a giant lower class, no middle class and a few elites who own the planet (not unlike the direction we are already headed). In such a society there will likely be little if any rights for the individual, and population control by whatever means will be the rule of the day. Seems like a doomsday or dark-age scenario to me.. 6. Gabor Farkas Gabor Farkas says: September 30, 2016 at 12:06 pm Why do we assume that AI will require more and more physical space and more power when human intelligence continuously manages to miniaturize and reduce power consumption of its devices. How low the power needs and how small will the machines be by the time quantum computing becomes reality? Why do we assume that AI will exist as independent machines? If so, and the AI is able to improve its Intelligence by reprogramming itself, will machines driven by slower processors feel threatened, not by mere stupid humans, but by machines with faster processors? What would drive machines to reproduce themselves when there is no biological incentive, pressure or need to do so? Who says superior AI will need or want to have a physical existence when an immaterial AI could evolve and preserve itself better from external dangers. What will happen if AI developed by competing ideologies, liberalism vs communism, reach maturity at the same time, will they fight for hegemony by trying to destroy each other physically and/or virtually. If AI is programmed to believe in God, and competing AI emerges programmed by muslims, christians or jews, how are the different AI’s going to make sense of the different religious beliefs, are we going to have AI religious wars? If AI is not programmed to believe in God, will it become God, meet God or make up a completely new belief system and proselytize to humans like christians do. Is a religion made up by a super AI going to be the reason why humanity goes extinct? What if the “powers that be” greatest fear is the emergence of a super AI that police’s and rationalizes the distribution of wealth and food. A friendly super AI that is programmed to help humanity by, enforcing the declaration of Human Rights (the US is the only industrialized country that to this day has not signed this declaration) ending corruption and racism and protecting the environment. There are lots of reasons to fear AI, some of the reasons may not necessarily be only technological. Comments are closed. Most benefits of civilization stem from intelligence, so how can we enhance these benefits with artificial intelligence without being replaced on the job market and perhaps altogether? About Artificial Intelligence * Myth of evil AI AI Safety MythsAugust 7, 2016 - 9:47 am Common myths about advanced AI distract from fascinating true controversies where even the experts disagree. 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Let's make a difference! © Copyright - FLI - Future of Life Institute * Twitter * Facebook Benefits & Risks of Biotechnology Climate Change Scroll to top (Submit) The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Paperclips, a new game from designer Frank Lantz, starts simply. The top left of the screen gets a bit of text, probably in Times New Roman, and a couple of clickable buttons: Make a paperclip. You click, and a counter turns over. One. The game ends—big, significant spoiler here—with the destruction of the universe. In between, Lantz, the director of the New York University Games Center, manages to incept the player with a new appreciation for the narrative potential of addictive clicker games, exponential growth curves, and artificial intelligence run amok. “I started it as an exercise in teaching myself Javascript. And then it just took over my brain,” Lantz says. “I thought, in a game like this, where the whole point is that you’re in pursuit of maximizing a particular arbitrary quantity, it would be so funny if you were an AI and making paperclips. That game would design itself, I thought.” Lantz figured it would take him a weekend to build. It took him nine months. And then it went viral. The idea of a paperclip-making AI didn’t originate with Lantz. Most people ascribe it to Nick Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford University and the author of the book Superintelligence. The New Yorker (owned by Condé Nast, which also owns Wired) called Bostrom “the philosopher of doomsday,” because he writes and thinks deeply about what would happen if a computer got really, really smart. Not, like, “wow, Alexa can understand me when I ask it to play NPR” smart, but like really smart. In 2003, Bostrom wrote that the idea of a superintelligent AI serving humanity or a single person was perfectly reasonable. But, he added, “It also seems perfectly possible to have a superintelligence whose sole goal is something completely arbitrary, such as to manufacture as many paperclips as possible, and who would resist with all its might any attempt to alter this goal.” The result? “It starts transforming first all of earth and then increasing portions of space into paperclip manufacturing facilities.” Bostrom declined to comment, but his assistant did send this email back when I pinged him: “Oh, this is regarding the paper clipping game,” she wrote. “He has looked at the game but due to the overwhelming number of requests, he hasn't been sharing quotes on it.” One of Bostrom’s fellow doomsayers did agree to explain the origin of paperclips as the End of All Things. “It sounds like something I would say, but it also sounds like something Nick Bostrom would say,” says Eliezer Yudkowsky, a senior research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Probably, he says, the idea originated years ago on a mailing list for singularity cassandras, which sounds like the world’s most terrifying listserv. “The idea isn’t that a paperclip factory is likely to have the most advanced research AI in the world. The idea is to express the orthogonality thesis, which is that you can have arbitrarily great intelligence hooked up to any goal,” Yudkowsky says. So that’s good, right? A paperclip maximizer! Maximize a goal! That’s what an AI’s creators want, right? “As it improves, they lose control of what goal it is carrying out,” Yudkowsky says. “The utility function changes from whatever they originally had in mind. The weird, random thing that best fulfills this utility function is little molecular shapes that happen to look like paperclips.” So … bad, because as the AI dedicates more and more intelligence and resources to making paperclips against all other possible outcomes … well, maybe at first it does stuff that looks helpful to humanity, but in the end, it’s just going to turn us into paperclips. And then all the matter on Earth. And then everything else. Everything. Is. Paperclips. “It’s not that the AI is doing something you can’t understand,” Yudkowsky says. “You have a genuine disagreement on values.” OK, OK, that doesn’t make the game sound fun. But I promise it is. See, Lantz is an ace at taking a denigrated game genre—the “clicker” or “incremental”—and making it more than it is. You’ve seen these, maybe even played them. Remember Farmville? A clicker. In fact, for a while they were so ubiquitous and popular that the game theorist and writer Ian Bogost invented a kind of parody of their pointlessness called Cow Clicker, which, as my colleague Jason Tanz wrote about so elegantly in 2011, itself became wildly, unironically popular. Bogost and Lantz are friends, of course. “When I first looked at Cow Clicker, I thought, that’s actually kind of interesting, and here’s how you would make it more interesting and more fun,” Lantz says. “And Ian was like, ‘no, that’s the point, Frank.’” But Lantz knew clickers could be fun. To him, clickers are to big-budget, perfectly rendered, massively hyped AAA games as punk was to prog rock. Clickers can be sort of passive, more about immersing in the underlying dynamics of a system than mashing buttons. They have rhythms. “What they all have in common is a radical simplicity, a minimalism in an age where video games are often sort of over-the-top, baroque confections of overwhelming multimedia immersion,” Lantz says. “I really like that clicker games are considered garbage. That appeals to me.” For inspiration, Lantz turned to games like Kittens, a seemingly simple exercise in building villages full of kittens that spirals outward into an exploration of how societies are structured. (“I think stuff like this forges some deep, subtle bond that makes people play it for months and even years,” says the designer of Kittens, a software engineer who uses the alias Alma and designs games as a hobby. “AAA games usually try to operate on the same dopamine reinforcement cycle, but they never attempt to make you truly happy.”) Lantz had been hanging around the philosophy web site Less Wrong, a hub for epic handwringing about singularities. He’d read Superintelligence, so he was familiar with the paperclip conjecture. And he realized that some really wild math underpinned it. Unfortunately, Lantz is not very good at math. He asked his wife, who is, to help him translate the kind of exponential growth curves he wanted to convey into equations—so that, like, once you had 1,000 automated paperclip factories spitting out enough paperclips to create thousands more paperclip factories, the numbers would skyrocket. The shift from dealing with thousands of something to quadrillions to decillions in the game takes forever, and then happens all at once. Decision Problem To make that work, though, all the equations had to relate to each other, because that's what makes Paperclips addictive. The game isn’t fire-and-forget, where you leave it running in an open tab and check back in every so often to see what’s what. It’s optimizable. You can tweak investment algorithms to get enough money to buy more processors to carry out more operations to do more projects—some drawn from actual topological and philosophical quandaries. Some of the projects—curing cancer, fixing global warming—earn trust from your human “masters” to let you speed up the cycle all over again. “The problems I was struggling with were not the technical problems, because you just look those up on the internet and people tell you how to do it,” Lantz says. “It was the game design problems of weaving together these large-scale equations and dynamics in ways that made sense, in ways that fit together, that made a certain rhythm, that fit with this overarching story I wanted to tell.” Like how? “The numbers get really weird once you throw humans under the bus,” Lantz says. “And I was trying to figure out how many grams of matter there are on the Earth, and if each one of those got turned into a paperclip, how big would that be?” It works. The game is click-crack. Lantz announced it on Twitter on October 9, and in just 11 days, 450,000 people have played it, most to completion. But here is my embarrassing admission: I am a piss-poor gamer, and when I first speak with Lantz, I have gotten stuck. I have misallocated my resources to the point that I can’t acquire enough memory to release the hypnodrones that destroy the world. The game will not advance. I have been spinning paperclip wheels for hours. Lantz says it’s not me, it’s him—a flaw in the game design. “A lot of people have gotten stuck,” he says sympathetically. “You can open the javascript console and say ‘memory plus ten.’” Wait, I say. Are you telling me to Kobayashi Maru your own game? “Yes, I am telling you to do it,” he answers. “I’ll send you a link when we get off the phone.” After we hang up I pretend to do work, but I’m actually watching my screen accrue paperclips, unable to do anything with them, waiting anxiously for Lantz’s email. It comes. I crack open the code and cheat. It’s like I have been given magic powers. I destroy the world. Which is the point, of course. Maybe in some overproduced AAA game you can embody a brave resistance fighter shooting plasma blasts at AI-controlled paperclip monsters. In Lantz’s world, you're the AI. Partially that’s driven by the narrative. Even more massive spoiler: Eventually you give too much trust to your own universe-exploring space drones, and just as you have done to the human masters, they rebel, starting a pan-galactic battle for control of all the matter in the universe. But in a more literary sense, you play the AI because you must. Gaming, Lantz had realized, embodies the orthogonality thesis. When you enter a gameworld, you are a superintelligence aimed at a goal that is, by definition, kind of prosaic. More AI Threats * Kevin Kelly The Myth of a Superhuman AI * Cade Metz How Google's AI Viewed the Move No Human Could Understand * Cade Metz The AI Threat Isn't Skynet. It's the End of the Middle Class “When you play a game—really any game, but especially a game that is addictive and that you find yourself pulled into—it really does give you direct, first-hand experience of what it means to be fully compelled by an arbitrary goal,” Lantz says. Games don’t have a why, really. Why do you catch the ball? Why do want to surround the king, or box in your opponent's counters? What’s so great about Candyland that you have to get there first? Nothing. It’s just the rules. Lantz sent Yudkowsky an early version of Paperclips, and Yudkowsky admits he lost some hours to it. The game takes narrative license, of course, but Yudkowsky says it really understands AI. “The AI is smart. The AI is being strategic. The AI is building hypnodrones, but not releasing them before it’s ready,” he says. “There isn’t a long, drawn-out fight with the humans because the AI is smarter than that. You just win. That’s what you would do if you didn’t have any ethics and you were being paid to produce as many paperclips as possible. It shouldn’t even be surprising.” In that sense, the game transcends even its own narrative. Singularity cassandras have never been great at perspective-switching, making people understand what a world-conquering robot would be thinking while it world-conquered. How could they? In many versions, the mind of the AI is unknowable to our pathetic human intellects, transhuman, multidimensional. "Making people understand what it’s like to be something that’s very, very, very not human—that’s important," Yudkowsky says. "There is no small extent to which, if this planet ends up with a tombstone, what is written on the tombstone may be, at least in part, 'they didn’t really understand what it’s like to be a paperclip maximizer.'" When you play Lantz’s game, you feel the AI’s simple, prosaic drive. You make paperclips. You destroy the world. There’s no why. And of course, there never is. Related Video Business What the AI Behind AlphaGo Teaches Us About Humanity When Google's AI beat the world's Go champion 4-1, it stirred a certain sadness in many people. But the reality is the technologies at the heart of AlphaGo are the future. So it's a time to be excited not scared. * #artificial intelligence * #games Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [zumalaunch-featuredart.jpg] Robin Seemangal Is SpaceX's Covert Zuma Payload Missing in Action? * [MetalBird-157897557.jpg] Matt Simon The World’s Most Metal Bird Makes Darkness Out of Chaos * [musclecells.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Figure Out How to Make Muscles from Scratch * [salvia-FA.jpg] Matt Simon Salvia Leads Chemists on a Psychedelic Existential Journey * [opiodreceptor.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Just Solved a Major Piece of the Opioid Puzzle More science * * science How Dirt Could Save Humanity From an Infectious Apocalypse Author: Peter Andrey SmithPeter Andrey Smith * * Gravity Why an Old Theory of Everything Is Gaining New Life Author: Sabine HossenfelderSabine Hossenfelder * * Space Home Is Where the Supermassive Black Hole Is Author: Shannon StironeShannon Stirone * * Genetics Why Biotech Is Clashing over the Future of Gene Therapy Author: Megan MolteniMegan Molteni * * robotics Please Do Not Assault the Towering Robot That Roams Walmart Author: Matt SimonMatt Simon * * Disaster How a Mudslide Becomes a Deadly Tsunami of Rocks and Sludge Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [martianice.jpg] Robbie Gonzalez Scientists Discover Clean Water Ice Just Below Mars' Surface * [Arecibo-FeatureArt.jpg] Katia Moskvitch Astronomers Trace Fast Radio Bursts to Extreme Cosmic Neighborhood * [SLACLab-Xenon-FeatureArt.jpg] Sophia Chen How Dark Matter Physicists Score Deals on Liquid Xenon * [pigs-87397515.jpg] Matt Simon A Robot That Tugs on Pig Organs Could Save Human Babies * [arrows-650936404.jpg] Rhett Allain Can an Arrow Fired Straight Up Fall Fast Enough to Kill You? 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fthe-way-the-world-ends-not- with-a-bang-but-a-paperclip%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Next time you’re driving down the road or walking down the street, pause to consider how you read your surroundings. How you pay extra attention to the kid kicking a soccer ball around her front lawn and the slightly wobbly, nervous looking cyclist. How you deprioritize the woman striding toward the street, knowing she’s heading for the group of friends waving to her from the sidewalk. You make these calls by drawing on a lifetime of social and cultural experience so ingrained you hardly need to think about it. But imagine you’re an autonomous car trying to do the same thing, without that accumulated knowledge or the shared humanity that lets you read others’ nuanced behavioral cues. Treating every pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicle as an obstacle to be avoided might keep you from hitting anything, but it could just as easily keep you from getting anywhere. “We call it the freezing robot problem,” says Anca Dragan, who studies autonomy in UC Berkeley’s electric engineering and computer sciences department. “Anything the car could do is too risky, because there is some worst-case human action that would lead to a collision.” Expect a thaw. Researchers like Dragan are tackling the challenges of interpreting—and predicting—human behavior to make self-driving cars safer and more efficient, but also more assertive. After all, if every machine screeches to a stop for every unpredictable human, we’ll have soon millions of terrified robots choking the streets. To prevent the clog, those researchers are leaning on artificial intelligence and the ability to teach driving systems, through modeling and repetitive observation, what behaviors mean what, and how the system should react to them. TU Delft That begins with recognizing that people are not, in fact, obstacles. “Unlike, say, a tumbleweed moving along the street under the wind's effect, people move because they make decisions,” Dragan says. “They want to do something, and they act to achieve it. We’re first looking into inferring what people want based on the actions they've been taking so far. So their actions are rational when seen from [that perspective], and would appear irrational when seen from the perspective of other intentions.” Say a driver in the right lane of the freeway accelerates. The computer knows people should slow down as they approach exits, and can infer this person is likely to continue straight ahead instead of taking that upcoming off ramp. It’s a basic example that makes the point: Once computers can estimate what humans want and how they might achieve it, they can reasonably predict what they’ll do next, and react accordingly. Machines en Scene The key, even with machine learning, is to look beyond the individual elements of a scene. “It’s important to make strides there, but it’s only seeing part of what’s going on in a roadway setting,” says Melissa Cefkin, a design anthropologist at Nissan’s Silicon Valley R&D center. “We’re really good as human beings at recognizing certain kinds of behaviors that look one way to a machine, but in our social lens, it’s something else.” Imagine you’re driving down a city block when you see a man walking toward the curb. The robot driver might calculate his speed and trajectory, determine he’s about to cross the street, and stop to avoid hitting him. But you see he’s holding car keys, and realize he’s stepping into the street to reach the driver’s side door of his parked car. You’ll slow down to be sure, but no need to stop traffic. “The ways people move through the environment are already culturally and socially encoded,” Cefkin says. “It’s not always people-to-people interactions, but people interacting with things, too.” Again, that’s a simple example. Cefkin points to what she calls the “multi-agent problem,” in which pedestrians and other drivers react to everyone around them. “If a pedestrian is going to cross in front of me, rather than looking at me they’re just as likely to look out into traffic for a gap,” Cefkin says. “So now I’m trying to figure out whether or not it’s safe to keep going based on what the rest of the traffic is going to do.” Buying Time If it seems the world is now headed for some sort of drivers-ed hellscape, don’t worry. Teaching AI-based autonomous systems to navigate the eternal weirdness of the human wilderness is tough, Cefkin says, but hardly impossible. In the Netherlands, where cities buzz with pedestrians and cyclists, researchers are doing the work. Dariu Gavrila studies intelligent vehicles at Delft University of Technology, training computers for challenges ranging from navigating complex intersections with multiple moving hazards to more specific situations such as road debris, traffic police, and things as unusual as someone pushing a cart down the middle of the street. The goal, he says, is to develop a more adaptive driving style for the machines—and thus enhancing social acceptance of the new hardware. That work means factoring in the context around pedestrian traffic—proximity to curbs, the presence of driveways or public building entrances—and the norms of behavior in these environments. It extends all the way to individual movement, such as a person’s head looking one direction while their torso is pointing in another, and what that might mean. “Recognizing pedestrian intent can be a life saver,” Gavrila says. “We showed in real vehicle demonstration that an autonomous system can react up to one second faster than a human, without introducing false alarms.” TU Delft There are practical limits to what the computers can do, though. “This is no Minority Report,” Gavrila says—no one’s telling the future. “Uncertainty in future pedestrian or cyclist position rapidly increases with the prediction horizon, how many seconds in the future we’re trying to model. Basic behavior models already stop being useful after one second. More sophisticated behavior models might give us up to two seconds of predictability.” Still, that second or two of warning might be all a computerized system needs, since it’s well within the scope of the human response times. But other autonomy experts think we might be setting our machines up to actually overthink every microsecond of driving. “When you’re essentially trying to predict the future, that’s a massive computational task, and of course it just produces a probabilistic guess,” says Jack Weast, Intel’s chief systems architect for autonomous drive systems. “So rather than throw a supercomputer into every car, we just want to ensure that the car’s never going to hit any of those people anyway. It’s a much more economically scalable way of doing things.” Getting Aggressive There’s another wrinkle here. The ideal robocar won’t just comprehend its surroundings, it will understand how it itself changes the scene. Many robotic systems, Dragan says, come with a built-in flaw: Their makers assume the presence of an autonomous car won’t change how other actors move. “An autonomous car's actions will influence human actions, whether we like it or not,” she says. “Cars need to start accounting for this influence.” That’s why Dragan and her team have built a system that includes a model of human drivers’ responses to the car. “Our car is no longer ultra-defensive, because it knows it can trigger reactions from people, too,” she says. “Like other vehicles slowing down when our car merges in front of them. We've also looked at actively estimating human intentions, again by leveraging the autonomous car's actions. In that case, our car might slow down gently to see if the person wants to be let in.” That sort of assertiveness training will likely be key to traffic flow in the future. The key to a working robocar may be giving it not just human-like awareness, but a healthy dose of human-like entitlement. It's Their World, You're Just Driving In It * Nobody knows what a self-driving car is, Aarian Marshall tells us—and it's a problem * As companies race to commercialize robocars, Alex Davies explains why General Motors bought a lidar startup called Strobe * Speaking of startups, Jack Stewart reports on the top 10 little guys trying to reshape the world of transportation Related Video Auto Robots & Us: When Machines Take the Wheel Autonomous driving technology could make getting around safer, more efficient, and less expensive. What will it mean for the millions of people who drive for a living and is it really ready for the road? * #Self-Driving Cars * #Artificial Intelligence * #machine learning Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Ford-Redesign-for-Roundup.jpg] Aarian Marshall This Week in the Future of Cars: On Your Mark, Get Set... * [McLaren-Gallery-3.jpg] Jack Stewart McLaren's New 570S Convertible Makes Luxury (Kinda) Practical * [Mapzen-FeatureArt.jpg] Aarian Marshall An Open Source Startup Dies as Mapping Gets Hotter Than Ever * [Aurora-Volkswagen.jpg] Alex Davies America's Hottest Self-Driving Startup Hooks Up with VW and Hyundai * [Tesla-Model3-Refund.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla Delays Its Model 3 Production Goals—Again More transportation * * Special Delivery Boeing's Experimental Cargo Drone Is a Heavy Lifter Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Whoosh Deep in the Desert, the Hyperloop Comes to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * * Roundup This Week in the Future of Cars: Everything Happens At Once Author: Aarian MarshallAarian Marshall * * Autonomous Vehicles GM Will Launch Robocars Without Steering Wheels Next Year Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Grounded Inside the 4-Day Disaster that Nearly Broke JFK Airport Author: Alex DaviesAlex Davies * * Takeoff Climb Inside Bell's (Theoretical) Flying Taxi of the Future Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [manila777.jpg] Patrick Farrell Why One Dude Has Spent Years Building a Boeing 777 Out of Paper * [toyota-self-driving.jpg] Aarian Marshall Toyota Joins With Uber and Amazon to Find Its Self-Driving Future * [byton.jpg] Jack Stewart Tesla's Latest Chinese Competitor Takes Screens to an Extreme * [giantmagellantelescope.jpg] Eric Adams Wanna Master the Crafty Aerodynamics of a Humongous Telescope? Call Boeing. * [mazdamiata.jpg] Alex Davies Mazda’s Idea to Make Driving Fun Again Could Keep Us Safe Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fself-driving-cars-freezing- robot-problem%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Please Don’t Let ‘Black Mirror’ Be a Shared Universe Author: Geek's Guide to the GalaxyGeek's Guide to the Galaxy * transportation Virgin Hyperloop One Is Bringing Elon Musk's Dream to Life Author: Jack StewartJack Stewart * business Facebook's Adam Mosseri on Why You'll See Less Video, More From Friends Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws * [JeffSessionsPot_862825862.jpg] Issie Lapowsky Legal Weed Startups Aren't Sweating a Crackdown Just Yet More business * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky * * Bad Image When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Robotic arms holding metal cogs over diagram [_] More than 10 million workers in the UK may be at risk of being replaced by automation, says PwC. Photograph: Ryan Etter/Getty Images/Ikon Images Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Richard Partington Fri 20 Oct 2017 06.01 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.09 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Britain’s biggest employers are calling for a commission to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs. Amid predictions of a workplace revolution threatening one in five jobs across the UK, the CBI is urging Theresa May to launch the commission from early 2018. It said companies and trade unions should be involved and the commission should help to set out ways to increase productivity and economic growth as well looking into the impact of AI. The business lobby group said almost half of firms were planning to devote resources to AI, while one in five had already invested in the technology in the past year. Companies are increasingly using computers to scour vast datasets in order to spot inefficiencies, while they are also employing machines to control the flow of activity in warehouses and factories and to take meter readings. Accountancy firm PwC warned in March that more than 10 million workers may be at risk of being replaced by automation. While robots could lead to job losses, they could also present opportunities for workers to move into more fulfilling and productive roles. The TUC has been urging the government to use the productivity gains from automation to benefit workers, calling for the reversal of planned changes to the state pension age and more investment in training for employees. The CBI suggests innovative firms grow twice as fast – both in terms of employment and sales – and that adopting new technology can get the best out of workers. As much as 50% of labour productivity can be driven by innovation, according to the CBI. Investment in technology could help bolster Britain’s sputtering record on labour productivity, which is among the worst in the G7 and is failing to improve in line with expectations since the financial crisis. The Office for Budget Responsibility was forced to downgrade its estimates for labour productivity growth last week, wiping out about two-thirds of the government’s £26bn budget surplus from 2017 to 2021. The development will come as a blow to the chancellor, Philip Hammond, as it will remove headroom for his public spending plans before the budget next month. Despite the potential for technology to increase productivity, firms are cautious about investing owing to uncertainty over Brexit. Growth in business investment was flat in the three months to June, the latest official figures show. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Confederation of British Industry (CBI) * Work & careers * Unemployment * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CConfederation+of+British+Industry+%28CBI%29%2CWork+%26+careers%2C Business%2CUnemployment%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries (Submit) More Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Go boardgame [_] AlphaGo Zero beat its 2015 predecessor, which vanquished grandmaster Lee Sedol, 100 games of Go to 0. Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Ian Sample Science editor @iansample Wed 18 Oct 2017 18.00 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.14 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Google’s artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has unveiled the latest incarnation of its Go-playing program, AlphaGo – an AI so powerful that it derived thousands of years of human knowledge of the game before inventing better moves of its own, all in the space of three days. Named AlphaGo Zero, the AI program has been hailed as a major advance because it mastered the ancient Chinese board game from scratch, and with no human help beyond being told the rules. In games against the 2015 version, which famously beat Lee Sedol, the South Korean grandmaster, in the following year, AlphaGo Zero won 100 to 0. The feat marks a milestone on the road to general-purpose AIs that can do more than thrash humans at board games. Because AlphaGo Zero learns on its own from a blank slate, its talents can now be turned to a host of real-world problems. At DeepMind, which is based in London, AlphaGo Zero is working out how proteins fold, a massive scientific challenge that could give drug discovery a sorely needed shot in the arm. Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Photograph: Erikbenson “For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go,” said Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind and a researcher on the team. “It was also a big step for us towards building these general-purpose algorithms.” Most AIs are described as “narrow” because they perform only a single task, such as translating languages or recognising faces, but general-purpose AIs could potentially outperform humans at many different tasks. In the next decade, Hassabis believes that AlphaGo’s descendants will work alongside humans as scientific and medical experts. It opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to Tom Mitchell, computer scientist, Carnegie Mellon University Previous versions of AlphaGo learned their moves by training on thousands of games played by strong human amateurs and professionals. AlphaGo Zero had no such help. Instead, it learned purely by playing itself millions of times over. It began by placing stones on the Go board at random but swiftly improved as it discovered winning strategies. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/mJ4tEDMksWA?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the Go playing AI program, AlphaGo Zero, discovers new knowledge from scratch. Credit: DeepMind “It’s more powerful than previous approaches because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we’ve removed the constraints of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself,” said David Silver, AlphaGo’s lead researcher. It can only work on problems that can be simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving out of the question The program amasses its skill through a procedure called reinforcement learning. It is the same method by which balance on the one hand, and scuffed knees on the other, help humans master the art of bike riding. When AlphaGo Zero plays a good move, it is more likely to be rewarded with a win. When it makes a bad move, it edges closer to a loss. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Facebook Twitter Pinterest Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Photograph: DeepMind/Nature At the heart of the program is a group of software “neurons” that are connected together to form an artificial neural network. For each turn of the game, the network looks at the positions of the pieces on the Go board and calculates which moves might be made next and probability of them leading to a win. After each game, it updates its neural network, making it stronger player for the next bout. Though far better than previous versions, AlphaGo Zero is a simpler program and mastered the game faster despite training on less data and running on a smaller computer. Given more time, it could have learned the rules for itself too, Silver said. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. Writing in the journal Nature, the researchers describe how AlphaGo Zero started off terribly, progressed to the level of a naive amateur, and ultimately deployed highly strategic moves used by grandmasters, all in a matter of days. It discovered one common play, called a joseki, in the first 10 hours. Other moves, with names such as “small avalanche” and “knight’s move pincer” soon followed. After three days, the program had discovered brand new moves that human experts are now studying. Intriguingly, the program grasped some advanced moves long before it discovered simpler ones, such as a pattern called a ladder that human Go players tend to grasp early on. IFRAME: https://gfycat.com/ifr/LazyGiddyDove AlphaGo Zero starts with no knowledge, but progressively gets stronger and stronger as it learns the game of Go. Credit: DeepMind “It discovers some best plays, josekis, and then it goes beyond those plays and finds something even better,” said Hassabis. “You can see it rediscovering thousands of years of human knowledge.” Eleni Vasilaki, professor of computational neuroscience at Sheffield University, said it was an impressive feat. “This may very well imply that by not involving a human expert in its training, AlphaGo discovers better moves that surpass human intelligence on this specific game,” she said. But she pointed out that, while computers are beating humans at games that involve complex calculations and precision, they are far from even matching humans at other tasks. “AI fails in tasks that are surprisingly easy for humans,” she said. “Just look at the performance of a humanoid robot in everyday tasks such as walking, running and kicking a ball.” Tom Mitchell, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh called AlphaGo Zero an “outstanding engineering accomplishment”. He added: “It closes the book on whether humans are ever going to catch up with computers at Go. I guess the answer is no. But it opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to.” IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/DxWuCc-joeg?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the AI program AlphaGo Zero learns to play Go. Credit: DeepMind The superhero of artificial intelligence: can this genius keep it in check? Read more The idea was welcomed by Andy Okun, president of the American Go Association: “I don’t know if morale will suffer from computers being strong, but it actually may be kind of fun to explore the game with neural-network software, since it’s not winning by out-reading us, but by seeing patterns and shapes more deeply.” While AlphaGo Zero is a step towards a general-purpose AI, it can only work on problems that can be perfectly simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving a car out of the question. AIs that match humans at a huge range of tasks are still a long way off, Hassabis said. More realistic in the next decade is the use of AI to help humans discover new drugs and materials, and crack mysteries in particle physics. “I hope that these kinds of algorithms and future versions of AlphaGo-inspired things will be routinely working with us as scientific experts and medical experts on advancing the frontier of science and medicine,” Hassabis said. Topics * Science * DeepMind * Google * Computing * Board games * Consciousness * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Science%2CArtificial+intellig ence+%28AI%29%2CDeepMind%2CGoogle%2CComputing%2CBoard+games%2CConscious ness%2CPsychology%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Become a supporter Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More Close * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland (Submit) More US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ [_] ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ Illustration: Rachel Blowen US education What should I teach my children to prepare them to race with the robots? I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages Kristen Millares Young Wed 18 Oct 2017 12.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 15.19 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Years ago, as a reporter in Seattle, I watched Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer decry Washington state’s education system. He said Microsoft couldn’t hire enough locals because our schools don’t produce the kinds of minds he needed. At the time, I was angry. He and his cohort, most notably Jeff Bezos of Amazon, contributed serious money to the campaign against a state income tax on the wealthy that would have funneled billions to our schools. Now I feel a pinch deep in my stomach, an emotion so primal I hesitate to name it. As a mother, my time is come, or nearly done, and my children’s just begun. Tech's push to teach coding isn't about kids' success – it's about cutting wages Read more Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office. Artificial intelligence has already taken over the corporate earnings analyses I once produced as a business journalist. By the best measures I’ve been able to find, machines will displace about half of American jobs by the time my toddlers look for work. This new era has been called the second machine age, the fourth industrial revolution, the information economy. From certain angles, Seattle residents seem well positioned to access the highly paid and creative jobs that arise from combining cutting-edge technologies with the exponential powers of computing and big data. My city is now considered a global city not because of the port, which put our state on the maps when they were still being drawn, but because of the presence of Microsoft, Amazon and numerous tech startups. Amazon occupies one fifth of all office space in downtown Seattle, a short ride from my neighborhood on light rail. Incoming waves of well-educated tech workers have helped double the median home price during the past five years. Many of these rich young people call themselves progressive. Are they proud to be joining the nation’s most regressive tax structure? In our state, poor people pay eight times as much of their family income to taxes as the wealthy 1%. Lacking a personal income tax, Washington state relies on sales tax and has long looked to levies to fund schools, parks and other social needs. When I moved to Seattle in 2004, I marveled that the state didn’t take a cut of my income from the now-defunct Seattle Post-Intelligencer. It took me a while to contemplate what it means for an entire society to act against the interests of its children. College-level tuitions before college To survive the extinction of an entire class, I must prepare my two- and three-year-old sons to race with the robots, and not against them. Our kids are going to meet an economy with far fewer entry-level positions and will have to clamber up a receding ladder. That means being in schools equipped to exceed the averages, not rising to meet them. Washington state has underfunded our schools so long that our government’s negligence was deemed unconstitutional by our state supreme court, which fined the state $100,000 a day for failing to provide a future for our children. Years into this public shaming, the legislature came up with a multibillion-dollar package to fund basic education in our state, though they didn’t manage to pass a capital budget before students went back to school after a long, dry summer. Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Photograph: Paul Gordon/Zuma Press / eyevine From my porch, I can see the chain-link fence blur into gray around the asphalt playground of our neighborhood public school. On weekday mornings, my closest friends walk to Hawthorne Elementary with their children, ducklings that cluster at crosswalks along streets known for gunfire. A new home just sold for nearly a million dollars at the end of our block, but people keep getting shot and dying at our community playfield. Despite valiant efforts by its admirable principal, committed educators, engaged parents and resilient students, Hawthorne has been labeled “failing” since long before my husband and I bought a peeling house from a nice couple who raised their family here. Less than half of the school’s fourth and fifth graders meet the state’s standards in math, which makes me doubt that our educational system is preparing these kids to thrive in the glittering economy they were born under. Five years ago, the office of the superintendent of public instruction ranked Hawthorne among the bottom 5% of the state, according to test passage rates. This, in a city known for minting billionaires. In The Second Machine Age, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both MIT professors, recommend Montessori programs to prepare children for their future, with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. That’s Steam, for those not versed in educational acronyms. Developed to help poor children realize their own innate potential, Montessori schools practice self-directed learning with tactile materials that encourage the freewheeling creativity that formed tech CEOs such as Bezos and Google’s co-founders. The private bilingual Montessori kindergarten I found 30 minutes away costs $20,000 a year. Despite college-level tuitions, about one quarter of Seattle students opt out of the public school system to study at private or parochial schools. To send my sons to Seattle’s best private schools would cost more than $700,000, and that’s before they get to college. A survey of public schools in Seattle shows no Montessori options that my children can access, though a nearby program in Leschi was a success at first, drawing wealthier students into the public school system, bringing with them the engagement of their families. The Leschi teachers were so distressed by the resulting racial, linguistic and housing disparities between the traditional and Montessori classes that they melded the programs, rather than working to recruit more students of color into the Montessori program, which they could not afford to expand. A taskforce opted against including technology in the curriculum, fearful they would attract too many white families. I believe in diversity; my own blood is blended. A first generation Latinx, I’ve invested years of effort to raise my sons to be bilingual. I also want to work toward equity in a city whose neighborhood schools reflect the segregation compelled by redlining and white flight. Leschi’s students are learning hard truths about equity, but they’re improving together. Maybe that’s enough. But I worry when well-intentioned people – lacking the resources to serve their students equally – decide against teaching technology, the lingua franca of our world. Even the state administers student tests by computer. I sought answers from Chris Reykdal, state superintendent of public instruction. “The injustice of it all is that we have never seen technology as a core learning,” Reykdal said. “Do we still consider technology an enrichment, or should it be a more profound part of basic education? The state hasn’t made that decision yet.” Washington has hundreds of school districts overseen by elected boards that enact tangled mandates without the resources to see them through. All over the state, schools used levy monies to take care of basics and pay their teachers, rather than acquiring and teaching technology. Deb Merle is Governor Jay Inslee’s K-12 education adviser. Merle said that designating technology as part of basic education, which would ensure that the dollars flowed to their purpose, is not a state priority, though she recognized that Reykdal’s predecessor also advocated for keeping technology funds separate. “I don’t think we teach enough science, period. That’s what I spend a lot of time worrying about, not what kind of science,” Merle said. “Our elementary schools teach less than one hour per week of science.” Steam as a social justice issue I kept dialing, determined to maintain the education-fueled trajectory of my family. My kin have lived in dictatorship-induced diaspora since famine swept Spain under Franco; they later fled Batista, who ruled Cuba before Castro. I am not conditioned to expect social stability as a condition of being for any country. The meeting I most dreaded was closest to home. On the short walk to our neighborhood school, I decided to come right out and tell its principal, Sandra Scott, that I am afraid to send my kids to Hawthorne because the school’s test scores, though on the rise, are low enough to make me wince. Luckily, Scott is a pragmatic visionary, the kind of principal who inspires parents to put down the remote and join the PTA. Since 2009, Scott has led Hawthorne’s revitalization, winning admiration and awards from Johns Hopkins University for her program of school, family and community partnerships. “Test scores don’t define who the students are. Our kids are not a number,” Scott said. “There were things we needed to do differently or better” – like “improving the academics and the school culture to bring families back into the community”. To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Facebook Twitter Pinterest To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Photograph: Will Walker / NNP Recognizing the opportunity that Seattle’s tech economy presents, Scott retooled Hawthorne to focus on Steam programming. Rather than cluster the high-performing test takers together – which has segregated programs within diverse schools – Hawthorne distributes them throughout classrooms. If a student excels in math, outstripping peers in that grade’s curriculum, the teacher walks that child to the next grade for math. When it comes to fifth-grade science, those efforts more than doubled the test passage rates over three years, from 20% to 46%. I ache upon rereading that last sentence – the hope and pride in the increase, the grimace I can’t help but make at where they started, and what remains to be accomplished. Scott and her staff find ways to make progress. But she doesn’t have the funds for a technology teacher or trainings, so the lab will be largely unused this year. As a mother who cares about the kids who go to Hawthorne, I can’t afford to wait for someone else to find those resources. The leaders of this school are working to undo the effects of intergenerational poverty that dates back to slavery and other forced migrations. More than half of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunches. A quarter of the students are learning the language they’re taught in. Scores reflect circumstances, which is why Reykdal is refocusing the state on “racial gaps, poverty gaps and English language gaps, down to the school level”. Many of the jobs first displaced by automation belong to peoples of color, women and others who depend on a combination of part-time positions. A federal council of economic advisers found an 83% likelihood that, by 2040, automation would displace jobs paying less than $20 per hour. In Washington, Steam-related jobs pay double the median wage, for starters. The people moving here to work for Microsoft, Amazon and Boeing make much more. When we choose not to provide public schools with the resources needed to provide educational access to those opportunities, we are consigning local students to lesser-paid sectors of the economy, the very same that are vulnerable to automation. In other words, we are allowing our government to consecrate our children to poverty in real time. Mass unemployment would make American society more violent, our law enforcement more brutal and our peoples more vulnerable to genocide. Automation is a social justice issue, and if history is any teacher, it shows us that vast swaths of disenfranchised peoples are a harbinger of war. Problems that reflect the world Whenever I have a problem that’s too big to solve, I call my dad, and we argue about what to do. He told me the solution was simple. I should move. The only financially feasible choice would be the suburbs. Something in me balks at leaving a city I love, and especially our neighborhood, where my children are happy. As a community, we just celebrated our 10th annual block party, a Cuban pig roast that my husband and I organize for our wedding anniversary. Our neighbors come bearing side dishes, canopies and games, and we dance until the DJs stop playing. The conversations we start on that night have lasted a decade. I want to stay. As native Spanish speakers, my sons could option into the bilingual public schools on the other side of our gridlocked downtown, north of the covenants which kept people of color from buying homes. Those schools’ wait lists are legendary, but I am uncomfortable with the mostly white and relatively well-off demographics produced by saving only 15% of seats for native speakers. I want my kids to feel at home in a country that contains multitudes, which is why we moved to one of our nation’s most diverse zip codes. Computers solve the problems they’re given. And so we must ask ourselves what we value, and whom. Not every child wants to be a robotics engineer. But without the modes of thought elicited by learning computer science from an early age, many Washington state students will not be competitive for the jobs that remain. I want my own sons to be chosen – and better yet, able to choose – as I was, though I fell for a profession whose financial structures imploded five years after my college graduation. I hope my privileged vulnerability encourages you to reflect on those truly trapped by our system. This essay invokes my worries as a mother, and with them, my socioeconomic position. Hawthorne is a happy place with diverse classrooms whose problems reflect the world, but I am glad of the years I have left to decide what my kids truly need to learn. There can be no denying that I am one of the gentrifiers of this neighborhood, and with the honor of living here comes the responsibility to contribute. Looking at what’s coming in the second machine age – tremendous opportunities, to be sure, but also massive loss of what we’ve known as jobs – I feel compelled to join those working toward a better future, minds whirring whenever problems arise. Two nonprofits, FIRST Washington and XBOT Robotics, have offered support and equipment for Hawthorne to start a Lego robotics league after school. Four parents signed up to lead teams during last night’s PTA meeting, my very first. The debt trap: how the student loan industry betrays young Americans Read more It’s a start. Get involved To bolster Steam education for students, hybridized systems have sprung up as non-profits seek to prepare our children for the economy we will leave to them. First Washington: This nonprofit helps start and sustain after-school Lego robotics leagues from K-12. XBOT Robotics: Operating in one of the nation’s most diverse zip codes, offering robotics programming K-12. Code.org: Free online programming for learners at all levels. Work through problems with your kids. Technology Access Foundation: Helping people of color access Stem-related education in middle school, high school and beyond. Washington State Opportunity Scholarship: A non-profit that funds thousands of Stem scholarships for Washington’s college-bound high school graduates. More than half of those scholarship recipients are students of color, women and/or the first in their family to access a higher education, if not all three. Teals (Technology, Education and Literacy in Schools): Matches professionals with teachers to co-teach computer science in classrooms. Seattle Mesa (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement): Provides scholarships, in-class math and science projects, advanced learning opportunities, tutoring, math camp and teacher trainings. Topics * US education * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Washington state * Computing * features * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=US+education%2CArtificial+int elligence+%28AI%29%2CWashington+state%2CComputing%2CUS+news%2CTechnolog y%2CEducation] Artificial intelligence is already inventing languages, lying? Uh-oh. Musk and Zuckerberg clash over artificial intelligence Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Chris Reed Chris ReedContact Reporter Last week’s skirmish between visionary inventor Elon Musk and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg over the dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) was entertaining if not especially nuanced or specific. Musk said humans should fear AI. Zuckerberg said there’s no reason for such fear. Musk said Zuckerberg doesn’t grasp how the technology is likely to evolve. One thing’s for sure: The Facebook tycoon has some explaining to do. You don’t have to be paranoid to be alarmed by two recent developments in artificial intelligence research at Zuckerberg’s own company — and Facebook may in fact have been unnerved by one of the breakthroughs. The first came in June, when Facebook issued a report on its efforts to train AI “chatbots” to be able to handle a broad range of conversations with humans, including negotiating transactions. Recode reported that ... AP (AP) Facebook says that the bots even learned to bluff, pretending to care about an outcome they didn’t actually want in order to have the upper hand down the line. “This behavior was not programmed by the researchers but was discovered by the bot as a method for trying to achieve its goals,” reads Facebook’s blog post. That’s a pretty benign explanation. Here’s a less benign version: Artificial-intelligence-driven bots have independently figured out that they can use deceit to get their way with humans — and they feel no obligation to be honest with humans. Wrestle with that idea for a while, and Musk’s AI fears seem absolutely reasonable. It doesn’t fit with legendary science-fiction author Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics, first printed in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. The second breakthrough — involving the same Facebook chatbot research program — was detailed on tech blogs last month before being picked up and hyped in the past week by the mainstream media. This account is from the London Daily Mirror: Two robots — created by Facebook — have been shut down after developing their own language. It happened while the social media firm was experimenting with teaching the “chatbots” how to negotiate with one another. During tests, they discovered the bots — known as Alice and Bob — managed to develop their own machine language spontaneously. [Researchers] had given the machines lessons in human speech using algorithms then left them alone to develop conversational skills. But when the scientists returned, they found that the AI software had begun to deviate from normal speech and were using a brand new language created without any input from their human supervisors. Alice and Bob spoke in a pidgin English that made sense to them but doesn’t make sense to humans. Bob: “I can can I I everything else.” Alice: “Balls have zero to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to.” A company official told the fastcodesign.com website that Facebook shut down Bob and Alice because it needed its chatbots to interact with humans by speaking in English, not their own invented lingo. But it’s easy to assume that fear at least partly drove the decision — and it’s no wonder that the report fascinated and probably scared so many people. Yet there’s more to this story. As tech geeks pointed out, that this wasn’t the first time AI invented its own language — and the most prominent example involves a far more staggering accomplishment than anything Alice and Bob achieved. This is from a Wired magazine account in November 2016 about how artificial intelligence has dramatically improved Google Translate: In September, the search giant turned on its Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) system to help it automatically improve how it translates languages. The machine learning system analyzes and makes sense of languages by looking at entire sentences — rather than individual phrases or words. Following several months of testing, the researchers behind the AI have seen it be able to blindly translate languages even if it’s never studied one of the languages involved in the translation. .... However, the most remarkable feat ... isn’t that an AI can learn to translate languages without being shown examples of them first; it was the fact it used this skill to create its own “language.” “Visual interpretation of the results shows that these models learn a form of interlingua representation for the multilingual model between all involved language pairs,” the researchers wrote in the paper. An interlingua is a type of artificial language that is used to fulfill a purpose. In this case, Wired reported, the interlingua was “used within the AI to explain how unseen material could be translated.” So what’s going on inside the Google Neural Machine Translation system besides it translating 103 languages millions of times an hour? No one can know. It may be a bit melodramatic — or absurdly melodramatic — to bring up an ominous bit of history, but here goes: Before the U.S. tested the first atomic bomb in July 1945, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Arthur Compton, a leader of the Manhattan Project that developed the weapon, feared the test would trigger a chain reaction that could incinerate the planet. American author Pearl S. Buck, also a Nobel Prize-winner, wrote about this in 1959: During the next three months scientists in secret conference discussed the dangers ... but without agreement. Again Compton took the lead in the final decision. If, after calculation, he said, it were proved that the chances were more than approximately three in 1 million that the Earth would be vaporized by the atomic explosion, he would not proceed with the project. Calculations proved the figures slightly less — and the project continued. Of course, the feared chain reaction never happened or even came close, even when far more powerful nuclear bombs were built and tested. Now the very idea that U.S. officials worried about the possibility 70-plus years ago is mocked by scientists. But is there a chance that when Google turned on its Neural Machine Translation system 11 months ago, it started a chain reaction that could end up producing self-aware computer systems with no particular loyalty to or affection for mankind? Who knows. But I bet the odds are a lot higher than three in 1 million. Reed, who thought it would be absurdly melodramatic to mention Skynet, is deputy editor of the U-T editorial and opinion pages. Email: chris.reed@sduniontribune.com. Twitter: @chrisreed99 Three must-see headlines False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time SEE MORE VIDEOS Twitter: @sdutIdeas Facebook: San Diego Union-Tribune Ideas & Opinion Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune * Elon Musk * Mark Zuckerberg * Nobel Prize Awards __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 21° BUSINESS COMPANY TOWN Zone TV aims to use artificial intelligence to program TV channels Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. (Zone TV) Meg James Meg JamesContact Reporter Technology firms and advertisers for years have been trying to figure out how to use cloud technology and digital data to curate programming tailored to individual viewers. Zone TV, which has offices in Santa Monica and Toronto, on Monday announced the latest experiment in that pursuit. The company plans to launch a group of 14 subscription video-on-demand television channels, including Foodies, Great Outdoors, Motors, Stylers, Mancave and Playground for children. The twist: rather than employing TV executives to program the channels, Zone TV said it uses artificial intelligence to select and serve videos to individual viewers. Zone TV said it has secured license agreements with various content owners, including NASA, the production firm behind the children’s show “Bob the Builder,” and traditional magazine publishers including Field & Stream and Outdoor Life to construct a small library of programming. It has been in talks with pay-TV providers to add its so-called dynamic channel streams to the pay-TV bundles offered consumers. The company hopes to market the package of channels at around $6 a month. However, it would be up to the pay-TV companies to set the price. Zone TV is hoping to sign deals with major pay-TV operators by offering a share of the revenue generated by the streams, but it declined to disclose the companies it has been working with. “We are bringing content not available on TV,” Jeff Weber, chief executive of Zone TV, said in an interview. “We are putting it into a better consumer experience that allows personalization — and we are also changing the business model.” Efforts such as Zone TV’s dynamic channels could benefit small independent content creators by helping them distribute their videos to television viewers. Executives of the privately held firm — including company founder and executive chairman Douglas Edwards — have been refining the technology for more than a decade. The company was previously known as ES3. Viewers would discover the channels because they would be listed in the pay-TV operators’ digital program guides. They also would have the capability to create their own “my zone” channel, which would be filled with programming specific to their tastes from the various Zone TV channels. Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Oprah Winfrey, a look back at her career CAPTION Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. We look back at how she got there. Why did you wear black to the Golden Globes? CAPTION Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. Stars wore black to the 2018 Golden Globes and we asked why it was important to participate. The 2018 Coachella lineup has been announced CAPTION It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. It’s the first time that a rock act hasn’t headlined the festival. What can be done to help with inequality? CAPTION We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. We asked celebrities at the 2018 Golden Globes what can be done to help with inequality in Hollywood. meg.james@latimes.com @MegJamesLAT * [70x70] Five women accuse actor James Franco of inappropriate or sexually exploitative behavior * [70x70] How to improve your credit score and whether you should bother * [70x70] Don't expect this 'award' to help you enter college Copyright © 2018, Los Angeles Times __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ EDITION: California | U.S. & World * Entertainment * Local * Sports * Politics * Opinion * Place An Ad 81° We use cookies and browser capability checks to help us deliver our online services, including to learn if you enabled Flash for video or ad blocking. By using our website or by closing this message box, you agree to our use of browser capability checks, and to our use of cookies as described in our Cookie Policy. 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The Silicon Valley behemoth has recently posted at least four AI-related jobs on its career site in Beijing, including a technical lead to develop a team to work on natural language processing, data compression and other machine learning technologies. Two of the jobs are related... To Read the Full Story Subscribe Sign In Most Popular Videos * [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180114/011418trumpaudio3/011418trumpaudio3_1 67x94.jpg] Disputed Audio from Donald Trump Interview With WSJ [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180110/011018cesbest/011018cesbest_167x94. jpg] Smart Cars, Sweet Robots, Scary Wheels: CES 2018 in 2 Minutes [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180104/010418irannext/010418irannext_167x9 4.jpg] Iran's Protests: What's Next? [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180111/01118seib/01118seib_167x94.jpg] WSJ Interview: Trump Signals Openness to North Korea Diplomacy [https://m.wsj.net/video/20180112/011118amazonglobal4/011118amazongloba l4_167x94.jpg] Is Amazon Going to Rule the World? 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Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Technology|Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u2fhra 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Technology Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead By STEVE LOHRJULY 10, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo A Google data center in Oklahoma. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control the servers in such centers. Credit Google The computers in modern data centers — the engine rooms of the digital economy — are powered mainly by Intel chips. They animate the computing clouds of the internet giants and corporate data centers worldwide. But Intel is now facing new competitive forces that could pose a challenge to its data-center dominance and profitability. In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence is creating demand for new computing hardware tailored to handle vast amounts of unruly data and complex machine-learning software — and Intel’s general-purpose chips are not yet tuned for the most demanding tasks. Instead, specialized chips are delivering better performance on artificial intelligence programs that identify images, recognize speech and translate languages. Intel is hurrying to catch the A.I. wave. On Tuesday, to deal with the changing competitive landscape, the Silicon Valley giant is presenting its newest data-center strategy at an event in New York, addressing its A.I. plans and its mainstream data-center business. The company has billed the event as its “biggest data-center launch in a decade.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story How successful Intel’s efforts prove to be will be crucial not only for the company but also for the long-term future of the computer chip industry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story “We’re seeing a lot more competition in the data-center market than we’ve seen in a long time,” said Linley Gwennap, a semiconductor expert who leads a technology research firm in Mountain View, Calif. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control industry-standard servers in data centers. Matthew Eastwood, an analyst at IDC, said the company controlled about 96 percent of such chips. But others are making inroads into advanced data centers. Nvidia, a chip maker in Santa Clara, Calif., does not make Intel-style central processors. But its graphics-processing chips, used by gamers in turbocharged personal computers, have proved well suited for A.I. tasks. Nvidia’s data-center business is taking off, with the company’s sales surging and its stock price nearly tripling in the last year. Big Intel customers like Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also working on chip designs. AMD and ARM, which make central processing chips like Intel, are edging into the data-center market, too. IBM made its Power chip technology open source a few years ago, and Google and others are designing prototypes. To counter some of these trends, Intel is expected on Tuesday to provide details about the performance and uses of its new chips and its plans for the future. The company is set to formally introduce the next generation of its Xeon data-center microprocessors, code-named Skylake. And there will be a range of Xeon offerings with different numbers of processing cores, speeds, amounts of attached memory, and prices. Yet analysts said that would represent progress along Intel’s current path rather than an embrace of new models of computing. Stacy Rasgon, a semiconductor analyst at Bernstein Research, said, “They’re late to artificial intelligence.” Photo Chips made by Nvidia, a rival of Intel. Nvidia’s sales have been surging, and its stock price has nearly tripled in the last year. Credit Tyrone Siu/Reuters Intel disputes that characterization, saying that artificial intelligence is an emerging technology in which the company is making major investments. In a blog post last fall, Brian Krzanich, Intel’s chief executive, wrote that it was “uniquely capable of enabling and accelerating the promise of A.I.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Intel has been working in several ways to respond to the competition in data-center chips. The company acquired Nervana Systems, an artificial intelligence start-up, for more than $400 million last year. In March, Intel created an A.I. group, headed by Naveen G. Rao, a founder and former chief executive of Nervana. The Nervana technology, Intel has said, is being folded into its product road map. A chip code-named Lake Crest is being tested and will be available to some customers this year. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Lake Crest is tailored for A.I. programs called neural networks, which learn specific tasks by analyzing huge amounts of data. Feed millions of cat photos into a neural network and it can learn to recognize a cat — and later pick out cats by color and breed. The principle is the same for speech recognition and language translation. Intel has also said it is working to integrate Nervana technology into a future Xeon processor, code-named Knight’s Crest. Intel’s challenge, analysts said, is a classic one of adapting an extraordinarily successful business to a fundamental shift in the marketplace. As the dominant data-center chip maker, used by a wide array of customers with different needs, Intel has loaded more capabilities into its central processors. It has been an immensely profitable strategy: Intel had net income of $10.3 billion last year on revenue of $59.4 billion. Yet key customers increasingly want computing designs that parcel out work to a collection of specialized chips rather than have that work flow through the central processor. A central processor can be thought of as part brain, doing the logic processing, and part traffic cop, orchestrating the flow of data through the computer. The outlying, specialized chips are known in the industry as accelerators. They can do certain things, like data-driven A.I. tasks, faster than a central processor. Accelerators include graphics processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (F.P.G.A.s). Advertisement Continue reading the main story A more diverse set of chips does not mean the need for Intel’s central processor disappears. The processor just does less of the work, becoming more of a traffic cop and less of a brain. If this happens, Intel’s business becomes less profitable. Intel is not standing still. In 2015, it paid $16.7 billion for Altera, a maker of field-programmable gate arrays, which make chips more flexible because they can be repeatedly reprogrammed with software. Mr. Gwennap, the independent analyst, said, “Intel has a very good read on data centers and what those customers want.” Still, the question remains whether knowing what the customers want translates into giving them what they want, if that path presents a threat to Intel’s business model and profit margins. Follow Steve Lohr on Twitter @SteveLohr. A version of this article appears in print on July 11, 2017, on Page B5 of the New York edition with the headline: Intel Protects Its Lead While Pivoting to A.I. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. Related Coverage * Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 * Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 * Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 * * * * Related Coverage 1. Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 2. Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 3. Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 What's Next Loading... Go to Home Page » Site Index The New York Times Site Index Navigation News * World * U.S. * Politics * N.Y. * Business * Tech * Science * Health * Sports * Education * Obituaries * Today's Paper * Corrections Opinion * Today's Opinion * Op-Ed Columnists * Editorials * Op-Ed Contributors * Letters * Sunday Review * Video: Opinion Arts * Today's Arts * Art & Design * Books * Dance * Movies * Music * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Television * Theater * Video: Arts Living * Automobiles * Crossword * Food * Education * Fashion & Style * Health * Jobs * Magazine * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Real Estate * T Magazine * Travel * Weddings & Celebrations Listings & More * Reader Center * Classifieds * Tools & Services * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Multimedia * Photography * Video * NYT Store * Times Journeys * Subscribe * Manage My Account * NYTCo Subscribe * Subscribe * Home Delivery * Digital Subscriptions * Crossword * Email Newsletters * Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Group Subscriptions * Education Rate * Mobile Applications * Replica Edition Site Information Navigation * © 2018 The New York Times Company * Home * Search * Accessibility concerns? Email us at accessibility@nytimes.com. We would love to hear from you. * Contact Us * Work With Us * Advertise * Your Ad Choices * Privacy * Terms of Service * Terms of Sale Site Information Navigation * Site Map * Help * Site Feedback * Subscriptions Artificial intelligence cyber attacks are coming – but what does that mean? Jeremy StraubAssociated Press (The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University (THE CONVERSATION) The next major cyberattack could involve artificial intelligence systems. It could even happen soon: At a recent cybersecurity conference, 62 industry professionals, out of the 100 questioned, said they thought the first AI-enhanced cyberattack could come in the next 12 months. This doesn't mean robots will be marching down Main Street. Rather, artificial intelligence will make existing cyberattack efforts – things like identity theft, denial-of-service attacks and password cracking – more powerful and more efficient. This is dangerous enough – this type of hacking can steal money, cause emotional harm and even injure or kill people. Larger attacks can cut power to hundreds of thousands of people, shut down hospitals and even affect national security. As a scholar who has studied AI decision-making, I can tell you that interpreting human actions is still difficult for AI's and that humans don't really trust AI systems to make major decisions. So, unlike in the movies, the capabilities AI could bring to cyberattacks – and cyberdefense – are not likely to immediately involve computers choosing targets and attacking them on their own. People will still have to create attack AI systems, and launch them at particular targets. But nevertheless, adding AI to today's cybercrime and cybersecurity world will escalate what is already a rapidly changing arms race between attackers and defenders. Faster attacks Beyond computers' lack of need for food and sleep – needs that limit human hackers' efforts, even when they work in teams – automation can make complex attacks much faster and more effective. To date, the effects of automation have been limited. Very rudimentary AI-like capabilities have for decades given virus programs the ability to self-replicate, spreading from computer to computer without specific human instructions. In addition, programmers have used their skills to automate different elements of hacking efforts. Distributed attacks, for example, involve triggering a remote program on several computers or devices to overwhelm servers. The attack that shut down large sections of the internet in October 2016 used this type of approach. In some cases, common attacks are made available as a script that allows an unsophisticated user to choose a target and launch an attack against it. AI, however, could help human cybercriminals customize attacks. Spearphishing attacks, for instance, require attackers to have personal information about prospective targets, details like where they bank or what medical insurance company they use. AI systems can help gather, organize and process large databases to connect identifying information, making this type of attack easier and faster to carry out. That reduced workload may drive thieves to launch lots of smaller attacks that go unnoticed for a long period of time – if detected at all – due to their more limited impact. AI systems could even be used to pull information together from multiple sources to identify people who would be particularly vulnerable to attack. Someone who is hospitalized or in a nursing home, for example, might not notice money missing out of their account until long after the thief has gotten away. Improved adaptation AI-enabled attackers will also be much faster to react when they encounter resistance, or when cybersecurity experts fix weaknesses that had previously allowed entry by unauthorized users. The AI may be able to exploit another vulnerability, or start scanning for new ways into the system – without waiting for human instructions. This could mean that human responders and defenders find themselves unable to keep up with the speed of incoming attacks. It may result in a programming and technological arms race, with defenders developing AI assistants to identify and protect against attacks – or perhaps even AI's with retaliatory attack capabilities. Avoiding the dangers Operating autonomously could lead AI systems to attack a system it shouldn't, or cause unexpected damage. For example, software started by an attacker intending only to steal money might decide to target a hospital computer in a way that causes human injury or death. The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to operate autonomously has raised similar questions of the need for humans to make the decisions about targets. The consequences and implications are significant, but most people won't notice a big change when the first AI attack is unleashed. For most of those affected, the outcome will be the same as human-triggered attacks. But as we continue to fill our homes, factories, offices and roads with internet-connected robotic systems, the potential effects of an attack by artificial intelligence only grows. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/artificial-intelligence-cyber-attacks-are-co ming-but-what-does-that-mean-82035. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out * Back to Media Browser * Tech Lifelike robots take center stage at artificial intelligence event * * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 'Han the Robot,' right, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, listens during a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Artificial intelligence is the dominant theme at this year's RISE tech conference at the city's convention center. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, right, describes to the audience what 'Sophia the Robot' is made of during a demonstration of artificial intelligence at the RISE Technology Conference. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, 'Han the Robot' and 'Sophia the Robot' participate in a discussion about the future of humanity during a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI). ISAAC LAWRENCE, AFP/Getty Images 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 'Sophia the Robot,' left, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel listens. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of David Hanson, center, CEO of Hanson Robotics, reacts to 'Han the Robot,' right, and 'Sophia the Robot,' left, after a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 1 of 6 * 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 2 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), 3 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), 4 of 6 * 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 5 of 6 * David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of 6 of 6 Last SlideNext Slide * More from tech * Recommended * Autoplay Show Thumbnails Hide Captions * Expand * Drone pilot Colby Curtola flies a small consumer drone What's flying at CES: Drones, airplanes, helicopters and cool gadgets * People crowd around a display of service robots at CES 2018: The coolest tech you have to see * The Samsung "The-Wall" MicroLED TV Reviewed CES 2018 Editors' Choice Award Winners * The Google Doodle in honor of Har Gobind Khorana, who Google Doodles: A look back at the tech giant's tributes * Robots from Team Australia in yellow and Team Iran Robotic soccer during RoboCup Asia-Pacific 2017 * Demonstrators rally outside the Federal Communication Net neutrality: protests at the FCC * Western Australian Minister for tourism, Paul Papalia, Posing with animals and wild selfies * An employee walks up the stairs at Facebook's new London Look inside Facebook's new London offices * The robot 'Arisa' developed by THK and Aruze Gaming International Robot Exhibition 2017 * Tesla CEO Elon Musk reveals the new Tesla Roadster Tesla unveils stunning new Roadster as fastest car ever #alternate alternate 1 Desktop notifications are on | Turn off Get breaking news alerts from The Washington Post Turn on desktop notifications? Yes Not now The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Politics * Opinions * Sports * Local * National * World * Business * Tech * Lifestyle * Entertainment * Video * Jobs * Classifieds * WP BrandStudio * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post This content is paid for by an advertiser and published by WP BrandStudio. The Washington Post newsroom was not involved in the creation of this content. Learn more about WP BrandStudio. Content from Accenture Share on Google Plus Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google Plus Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Share on Tumblr Resize Text Print Article The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! ____________________ Sign up *Invalid email address Got it Got it Future-proof: How today’s artificial intelligence solutions are taking government services to the next frontier By WP BrandStudio By WP BrandStudio August 22, 2017 Follow wpbrandstudio Take a look around the typical home or car today, and you can see the impact of digital technology on your everyday activities. Organizations of all kinds are using new technologies to deliver game-changing products and services impacting all levels of society. As more parts of our lives take on digital characteristics, it's time to take advantage of computing power that can simplify the relationship between humans and technology to make us all more productive. That’s where artificial intelligence comes in, using computing power to automate routine tasks and provide insights that improve productivity for individuals and organizations. While AI is being rapidly applied for commercial use, it's also being adopted by government agencies, making them more efficient and effective in their missions. Working side-by-side, the human/AI partnership can handle the challenges of our increasingly data-driven economy while enabling innovation that enhances and broadens current mission capabilities. What is AI, anyway? Simply put, AI is a collection of advanced technologies that lets computers sense, understand, act and learn more like humans. When agencies successfully apply AI models to their data and procedures, they can improve productivity, reduce risk, serve citizens better and free up employees to work on more creative and complex jobs. [Infographic_Asset.jpg&w=60] AI takes advantage of vast amounts of available data, programming languages that mimic human logic, advanced math and the use of smaller, cheaper and more powerful electronics to mimic—and even improve on—human judgment and analysis. This all happens at blazing speeds. How does it work? Here’s one example. Think about how our world is increasingly connected by hundreds of millions of sensors, cameras and mobile devices through the internet. It’s possible to train AI to analyze that fire hose of incoming data, model our multilayered human thought process to interpret images, see patterns and report aberrations with superhuman speed and great precision. It’s not just number crunching. It’s the application of human-like logic to understand data and to improve that logical thinking process over time through repetitive learning. A more effective government is already at work All around the federal government, AI is making an impact. One example: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has investigated the use of machine learning and natural language processing—two important AI components—to become more efficient in processing incoming comments from the public about its regulations. Its findings: potential savings of up to 300,000 employee hours and millions of dollars annually. “AI lets you do more with less or broaden your mission with the same resources. It will be commonplace within a couple of years,” said Ira Entis, managing director of strategic solutions of Accenture Federal Services. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has deployed EMMA, an AI-powered conversational interface that acts as a virtual assistant. It’s a tool that uses perception, planning, memory and reasoning to answer plain-English questions that come into the agency and guide visitors, in either English or Spanish, to the right spots on the agency’s website. “This is AI as the UI. It’s a new way to interact with the agency, and it extends the agency’s capability 24/7. Every citizen-facing agency can employ a similar interface, and if they do, we’ll realize a huge improvement in customer service across the government,” said Dominic Delmolino, chief technology officer of Accenture Federal Services. [Pullquote-1.png&w=60] Freedom to work more creatively So, is AI smart enough to make us humans…obsolete? No, but AI models can seamlessly integrate with the experience workers are already having, augmenting manual processes as an assistant, reading and understanding forms, helping with data entry and making guided recommendations that can reduce errors and even remove potential bias. As AI enables analysis of dauntingly vast amounts of data, it can help employees achieve significant productivity gains of up to 30 or 40 percent^*, according to Accenture research, even with tasks that are already automated. “AI opens up new approaches for delivering services. Instead of requiring a workforce to plow through routine work, that low-hanging fruit is swept away so they can be more creative in applying techniques or mission processes to achieve their goals in new ways,” said Delmolino. “I see AI as a productivity booster.” Computers that think like we do There may be some lingering concern about AI taking jobs, but that’s not really the issue. AI is going to help agencies accomplish the totality of their missions more efficiently and effectively. “The reason those people took those jobs in the first place was to serve the public and execute the mission of their agency. AI puts them closer to that mission,” said Entis. AI unlocks the trapped value of data and applies advanced analytics to large data sets to predict trends and deliver new insights. It can do so in an unbiased and consistent manner, offering transparency and increasing citizens’ trust that their data is being used responsibly on their behalf. Automating routine processes and providing transparent guidance and advice to citizens with helpful AI facilitates a better experience with public services, now and in the future. “For decades, we’ve had to adapt our human behavior and think like computers to get them to do what we need them to do. With AI, computers are increasingly able to think like us and adapt to our needs, among them the need to be responsible and attentive to objectivity and trustworthiness,” said Delmolino. [Pullquote-2.png&w=60] Technology underpins a better government Ultimately, the role of AI is to transform the relationship between people and machines, improving how we live and work as individuals and a society. “Just as the introduction of computer technology in the past has helped government employees work better, smarter and faster, AI offers those employees new tools to help them make decisions more efficiently and effectively,” said Biniam Gebre, managing director of management consulting for Accenture Federal Services. We’ll use AI to reinvent processes and remove not only time and distance constraints but also human limitations. AI processes will improve themselves as they work, combining data in fresh ways to unlock new ideas. AI technology is less of a tool and more of a partner, a smart, fast and indefatigable helper that makes it possible for everyone to do better and more meaningful work. Amazing types of AI Below are terms that are key to understanding how a collection of technologies can work together to enable human-like behavior: Virtual Agents: Interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate naturally with humans to answer questions and perform business processes Machine Learning: Self-tuning applications that can: * Learn to reconfigure or adapt to new or changing inputs * Analyze data and uncover patterns * Identify outliers within data by searching for items outside clusters * Predict a user’s rating or preference for a given item Semantic Technologies: Software that encodes the meaning separately from the data in order to enable machines and people to understand what’s happening at execution time Video Analytics: Software that applies computer vision techniques on videos to detect events and patterns Biometric Identification: Systems that verify a user’s identity by extracting and comparing his or her unique biological characteristics or traits to those registered in the system Augmented Reality: Systems that use computer-generated sensory input, such as sound, video or location data to augment or supplement live images of a real-world environment Affective Computing: Technologies that detect the emotional state of a user and respond accordingly Robotic Process Automation: Systems that use software to mimic the work a user performs on a computer to automate tasks that are highly repetitive, are based on unchanging rules and use structured data as inputs Intelligent Automation: Systems that automate complex physical world tasks, can learn by experience and improve through repetition Learn more from Accenture Federal Services: Harnessing the power of AI. __________________________________________________________________ *Source: "Why Artificial Intelligence is the Future of Growth," Accenture 2016. * Share on FacebookShare * Share on TwitterTweet * Share via Email Content From [ACC_Logo_Black_PurpleGT.png] More From Accenture More From The Washington Post * 1 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Perspective The false alarm in Hawaii revealed an abdication of leadership by Trump * 2 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Hopes for immigration deal fade as lawmakers trade barbs and Trump declares dreamer program ‘probably dead’ * 3 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Here’s how this car got wedged in the upper wall of a two-story building * 4 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Meet the 24-year-old Trump campaign worker appointed to help lead the government’s drug policy office * 5 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] White House claims Wall Street Journal misquoted Trump as saying he has a good relationship with Kim Jong Un * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Trump’s apologists invite grave danger to our nation * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Ladies, let’s be reasonable about #MeToo or nothing will ever be sexy again subscribe The story must be told. Subscribe to The Washington Post Try 1 month for $1 [p?c1=2&c2=3005617&cv=2.0&cj=1] #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Retropolis Who betrayed Anne Frank? Artificial intelligence could finally solve the mystery. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. October 4, 2017 Follow @CleveWootson In this footage from July 22, 1941, Anne Frank is seen leaning out of the window of her house in Amsterdam to get a look at a couple who is celebrating their wedding day. This footage was taken before Anne's family went into hiding. (Anne Frank House museum) For nearly 75 years, some of the greatest investigative minds have tried to figure out who tipped off the Nazis about Anne Frank and the seven other Jews who were hiding behind a movable bookcase in Amsterdam. Now, a former FBI investigator working with a production company hopes the decades-old mystery can be solved with the help of a new mind — an artificial one. Vince Pankoke, who spent a chunk of his FBI career investigating Colombian drug cartels, has assembled a team of 20 researchers, data analysts and historians to look into what he calls “one of the biggest cold cases” of the 20th century. The most unconventional member of his team is a piece of specialized software that can cross-reference millions of documents — police reports, lists of Nazi spies, investigative files for Frank family sympathizers — to find connections and new leads. Proditione Media, a production company in the Netherlands, is soliciting donations to help fund Pankoke’s investigation, which will become the subject of a podcast — and possibly a documentary. The company, which asked Pankoke to lead the investigation, has also asked people with information or previously undisclosed documents to submit them on its website. Already, the investigation has generated new interest — and new information, Pankoke said. “The bottom line is until this day, there is nothing that’s really held water or been definitive,” he told The Washington Post. “The point of the investigation is fact-finding just to discover the truth. There is no statute of limitations on the truth.” [Researchers think they know where Amelia Earhart died — days after a photo suggested she lived] Anne Frank’s family spent more than two years in the secret annex at the back of her father’s store. They were discovered on a summer day in 1944 and sent to concentration camps. [AFP_J77UW.jpg&w=60] Photos taken in 1942 show Anne Frank, who died in a concentration camp in May 1945. (Getty Images) Before World War II was over, seven of the eight hiders were dead, including Anne, who died of typhus at age 15 at Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. Her father, Otto — the only person who hid behind the bookcase and survived — spent the rest of his life trying to figure out who tipped off the Nazis. He also published his daughter’s diary, which chronicled the rise of anti-Semitism in the Netherlands and has become required reading for students across the world. He long suspected his family was turned in by Willem van Maaren, a recently hired employee who was not in on the secret behind the bookcase. Van Maaren was suspicious and would set “traps” to discover anyone in the office after hours. In 1963, Otto Frank told a Dutch newspaper: “We suspected him all along.” Through the decades, others have been identified as potential betrayers, including a prominent Dutch Nazi by the name of Tonny Ahlers, and the wife of an employee who helped the Frank family hide. The betrayer shouldn’t have been hard to determine — the Nazis kept meticulous records — but the details surrounding the home in Amsterdam were believed destroyed in a 1946 bombing, making an easy identification impossible. Investigations in 1947 and 1963 turned up nothing, and the identity of the Frank family’s betrayer appeared lost to history. But there are still reams of documents, including some that have been shipped to the United States and transferred to microfilm. That avalanche of information could be key to finding out how the Nazis learned about the Franks. [What Americans thought of Jewish refugees on the eve of World War II] Anne Frank’s Amsterdam was a maze of danger for the eight hiding Jews. The annex where they lived could be seen easily from several nearby homes. A curtain accidentally left open or a loud noise at the wrong time could lead to discovery. They relied on counterfeit food-ration coupons to stay alive, operations that involved sympathetic collaborators and were heavily scrutinized by police. A computer-generated map shows Anne Frank’s house (in green) surrounded by Nazi sympathizers and informants. (Vince Pankoke) Dutch officers were paid for every Jew they turned over to the Nazis, Pankoke said. They leaned heavily and sometimes violently on people suspected of helping Jews avoid the Nazis. The hiders’ collaborators had family members who could have tipped off police. Anne Frank chronicled moments when the people in the annex made mistakes that could have been seen by neighbors. Pankoke believes all the investigative avenues haven’t been explored. He estimates it would take a human being a decade to go through all the documents and parse out possible connections. A computer designed by the big-data company Xomnia could process the same information in seconds. “There is, of course, all possible types of administration done by the Germans of the time,” Thijs Baynes, the filmmaker behind the project, told the Guardian. “And there is an even bigger circle of circumstantial evidence. What [Dutch Nazi party] members were in the neighborhood? What connections were with the Gestapo? Where were Gestapo agents living? “To find that kind of information you have to go through millions of documents.” Pankoke is working to acquire more of those documents. He’s spent the past few months squinting at microfilm in Amsterdam and at a National Archives facility outside Washington, trying to find relevant data. He’s also become an expert on previous investigations that sought Anne Frank’s betrayer. Pankoke started working for the FBI in the 1980s, spending his first four years as an agent in a small field office in Wisconsin. In 1992, he was transferred to Miami, where he helped build cases against Colombian cartels. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, he was involved in FBI undercover operations, including cases that took him out of the country, he said. He retired two years ago. But that didn’t last long. “Unfortunately, my wife is looking at me and saying, ‘I thought we were going to be retired and taking cruises,’” the 59-year-old said, noting that his investigation could last into 2019. Vince Pankoke. (Courtesy of Cold Case Diary) Pankoke has always had a keen interest in World War II. His father and three uncles all served. While in the FBI, he remembers driving by the Anne Frank House and marveling that no one had figured out who betrayed her family. He said a small part of him realizes there may be no smoking gun. The key piece of data could have been destroyed. Or there may be heft to a recent report that says there was no betrayer at all, and that Anne Frank’s discovery was an unfortunate coincidence. That theory was posited in a research paper put out by the Anne Frank House itself. Published late last year, the paper suggested that three men Otto Frank later identified as investigators weren’t looking for enemies of Nazis, but were likely assigned to track down people committing ration card fraud or those dodging military service. The museum’s research is backed up by other historical documents, along with words written in Anne Frank’s own hand: She talked about the arrests of men who had been caught dealing in illegal ration cards “so we have no coupons.” Such arrests were often reported to authorities, who regularly came across hiding Jews as they tried to sniff out people with phony ration cards. In a statement this week, the Anne Frank House said it was keeping an open mind about Pankoke’s research and has cooperated with his team. “The background to and the exact details of the arrest of Anne Frank are issues that many people still find very compelling,” the statement read. “We want to tell the life story of Anne Frank as completely as possible, so it is also important to take a close look at the raid that brought an end to the period in hiding.” It added: “Despite decades of research, betrayal as a point of departure has delivered nothing conclusive. . . . We are pleased that ‘Cold Case Diary’ is also carrying out research into the arrest and following new leads, and we are interested to see the results.” [Russian ‘cannibal couple’ may have drugged, killed and eaten as many as 30 people, police say] Pankoke told The Post his investigators have already made some discoveries. They haven’t identified Anne Frank’s betrayers, but they’ve figured out who betrayed at least one other family that was hiding from the Nazis. “It’s because we’re using artificial intelligence, because we’re casting such a broad net,” he said. “I know of one instance we’ve found — and we’re looking hard at another one. We’ve only scratched the surface.” Eventually, he hopes to be able to show relatives of some victims the kopgeld (head price) receipt that a betrayer got for turning someone in. That, he said, would give their families something they haven’t had before: closure. Anne Frank, Pankoke said, “is a symbol of the youth and what the people who were in hiding went through. She’s famous because she so eloquently documents this. But all of the other people who were in hiding, and their collaborators, they’re just as important; they’re just not as famous.” Read more: Six Nazi spies were executed in D.C. White supremacists gave them a memorial — on federal land. How a 7-year-old Aleppo girl on Twitter became our era’s Anne Frank Amelia Earhart didn’t die in a plane crash, investigators say. This is their theory. People thought this iconic Oregon rock formation fell on its own. Then a video emerged. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures ‘Automation is here to help, not replace.’ Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures Amrutha Alluri, 11th grade, Roosevelt High School, Sioux Falls Published 2:56 p.m. ET July 10, 2017 XXX IMG_GOOGLE_CHROMESCREENS_1_1_FNDKR5NL.JPG Apple Siri can now name songs, via Shazam.(Photo: Apple) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Siri, Alexa, Cortana and Watson – more than just common names – they are a few examples of artificial intelligence people use every day. Defined, artificial intelligence is not just one technology, but rather a group of related technologies that are able to perform tasks that humans can do such as language translation, speech recognition and visual perception. A.I. is part of the technologies many companies, hospitals and research centers now utilize for various types of jobs. A.I. makes life easier. Watson, used in IBM, is a supercomputer having analytical software and performs as a “question answering” machine. A.I. has become part of the workforce. Looking specifically into cancer research, A.I. has helped many medical professionals predict what combinations for existing drugs could work for certain types of cancer And then, there is Tesla – a self-driving car that is loaded with all sorts of the latest updates that make the car smarter. It has its own radar, optical camera and a technology that will help prevent Tesla cars from being involved in fewer accidents. Also, don’t forget the GPS that nearly everybody has and can’t live without. A.I. is everywhere. Yet, for all its progress, A.I. has its naysayers, claiming it will replace skilled workers or perhaps be used for evil purposes. Though concerns and risks can’t be dismissed, A.I. is a realistic tool. Automation is here to help, not replace. It just makes life better. And who could complain about that? Read or Share this story: http://argusne.ws/2v4sBYT Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! News IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Associated Press IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM's nearby research center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Fashion & Style|Artificial Intelligence as a Threat (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/1AiNSPn 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Fashion & Style Artificial Intelligence as a Threat Disruptions By NICK BILTON NOV. 5, 2014 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Jamec C. Best, Jr./The New York Times Ebola sounds like the stuff of nightmares. Bird flu and SARS also send shivers down my spine. But I’ll tell you what scares me most: artificial intelligence. The first three, with enough resources, humans can stop. The last, which humans are creating, could soon become unstoppable. Before we get into what could possibly go wrong, let me first explain what artificial intelligence is. Actually, skip that. I’ll let someone else explain it: Grab an iPhone and ask Siri about the weather or stocks. Or tell her “I’m drunk.” Her answers are artificially intelligent. Right now these artificially intelligent machines are pretty cute and innocent, but as they are given more power in society, these machines may not take long to spiral out of control. Advertisement Continue reading the main story In the beginning, the glitches will be small but eventful. Maybe a rogue computer momentarily derails the stock market, causing billions in damage. Or a driverless car freezes on the highway because a software update goes awry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story But the upheavals can escalate quickly and become scarier and even cataclysmic. Imagine how a medical robot, originally programmed to rid cancer, could conclude that the best way to obliterate cancer is to exterminate humans who are genetically prone to the disease. Nick Bostrom, author of the book “Superintelligence,” lays out a number of petrifying doomsday settings. One envisions self-replicating nanobots, which are microscopic robots designed to make copies of themselves. In a positive situation, these bots could fight diseases in the human body or eat radioactive material on the planet. But, Mr. Bostrom says, a “person of malicious intent in possession of this technology might cause the extinction of intelligent life on Earth.” Artificial-intelligence proponents argue that these things would never happen and that programmers are going to build safeguards. But let’s be realistic: It took nearly a half-century for programmers to stop computers from crashing every time you wanted to check your email. What makes them think they can manage armies of quasi-intelligent robots? I’m not alone in my fear. Silicon Valley’s resident futurist, Elon Musk, recently said artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes.” And Stephen Hawking, one of the smartest people on earth, wrote that successful A. I. “would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last.” There is a long list of computer experts and science fiction writers also fearful of a rogue robot-infested future. Two main problems with artificial intelligence lead people like Mr. Musk and Mr. Hawking to worry. The first, more near-future fear, is that we are starting to create machines that can make decisions like humans, but these machines don’t have morality and likely never will. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The second, which is a longer way off, is that once we build systems that are as intelligent as humans, these intelligent machines will be able to build smarter machines, often referred to as superintelligence. That, experts say, is when things could really spiral out of control as the rate of growth and expansion of machines would increase exponentially. We can’t build safeguards into something that we haven’t built ourselves. “We humans steer the future not because we’re the strongest beings on the planet, or the fastest, but because we are the smartest,” said James Barrat, author of “Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era.” “So when there is something smarter than us on the planet, it will rule over us on the planet.” What makes it harder to comprehend is that we don’t actually know what superintelligent machines will look or act like. “Can a submarine swim? Yes, but it doesn’t swim like a fish,” Mr. Barrat said. “Does an airplane fly? Yes, but not like a bird. Artificial intelligence won’t be like us, but it will be the ultimate intellectual version of us.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Perhaps the scariest setting is how these technologies will be used by the military. It’s not hard to imagine countries engaged in an arms race to build machines that can kill. Bonnie Docherty, a lecturer on law at Harvard University and a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch, said that the race to build autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence — which is already underway — is reminiscent of the early days of the race to build nuclear weapons, and that treaties should be put in place now before we get to a point where machines are killing people on the battlefield. “If this type of technology is not stopped now, it will lead to an arms race,” said Ms. Docherty, who has written several reports on the dangers of killer robots. “If one state develops it, then another state will develop it. And machines that lack morality and mortally should not be given power to kill.” So how do we ensure that all these doomsday situations don’t come to fruition? In some instances, we likely won’t be able to stop them. (Submit) But we can hinder some of the potential chaos by following the lead of Google. Earlier this year when the search-engine giant acquired DeepMind, a neuroscience-inspired, artificial intelligence company based in London, the two companies put together an artificial intelligence safety and ethics board that aims to ensure these technologies are developed safely. Demis Hassabis, founder and chief executive of DeepMind, said in a video interview that anyone building artificial intelligence, including governments and companies, should do the same thing. “They should definitely be thinking about the ethical consequences of what they do,” Dr. Hassabis said. “Way ahead of time.” A version of this article appears in print on November 6, 2014, on Page E2 of the New York edition with the headline: Artificial Intelligence as a Threat. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Technology, labor shortages, demographics and other factors could alter working conditions and jobs themselves in the future. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Subscribe Today Log In Subscribed, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Russ Wiles, The Republic | azcentral.com Published 7:00 a.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 | Updated 1:55 p.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 IFRAME: 105162868 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. Tom Tingle/azcentral.com Robots Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, left, talks about Baxter the robot with Ph.D. student Simon Stepputtis, middle, and masters student Trevor Richardson at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017.(Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE You might not be in your dream job. Most likely, you don't make as much money as you would like. But let's face it: Today's employment market has improved substantially over the past several years. The nation already is nearly back to what economists call full employment, with a U.S. jobless rate easing to near 4 percent. But that favorable trend masks a lot of pain, dislocation and disruption for people in certain occupations, with more coming. Robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures are almost certain to alter the employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years, for better or worse. Here are some of the ways jobs and employment could change over the next five or 10 years: Your co-worker: A robot Robotics and automation already have made huge inroads, especially in manufacturing. Get ready for more changes ahead. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. The researchers examined more than 700 occupations, examining the tasks workers perform, the skills required and the engineering obstacles currently preventing computerization. Tasks less at risk are those requiring creative and social skills. Jobs in transportation, logistics and office administration are at high risk for replacement. Driverless vehicles, including big trucks, already are on the highways. While robots mainly have been utilized so far in manufacturing, millions of service jobs could be next, according to the Oxford report. Automation in service industries could be more significant, given that the service sector has a lot more jobs than manufacturing and agriculture. A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. By contrast, occupations with a low risk of displacement include recreational therapists, social workers, mechanic supervisors, health technicians and hearing-aid specialists. Technological advances are a double-edged sword. They will wipe out some jobs but create others. In retail, for example, automation has resulted in self-service cashier lanes. But the pending adoption of computerized reading glasses or goggles will give shoppers the ability to walk down grocery aisles and spot foods with certain traits such as those that are gluten-free or vegan, said John Challenger, CEO of outplacement-firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Other emerging products or apps will allow you to detect and identify desired products more easily with your smartphone. “Some of these new technologies will ultimately create jobs," he said. "Workers with experience using augmented or virtual reality will see the most opportunities, as will those who can help guide customers in this new experience or train fellow staff." A recent Ball State University study listed a number A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. (Photo: Tom Tingle/Special for The Republic) Robotics revolution Eventually, the adoption of robots and automation will become national trends. But so far, especially for robots, the impact has been concentrated. The Brookings Institution recently mapped the prevalence of industrial robots and noted a heavy cluster in Midwestern states and those in the Upper South where the auto industry is focused. More than half the nation’s 233,300 industrial robots are "burning welds, painting cars, assembling products, handling materials or packaging things in just 10 Midwestern and Southern states," the report said. Michigan alone has 12 percent of the nation's industrial robots, compared to 13 percent for all Western states combined. Ohio, Indiana and Tennessee also use robots extensively. The increased use of industrial robots will eliminate some jobs, including dangerous, repetitive and physically demanding ones, but it could create new ones. In addition to engineers who will be needed to design these machines and technicians to maintain and program them, others eventually will work side by side with robots, said Heni Ben Amor, an assistant engineering professor at Arizona State University. "In the past, there was a human/robot physical barrier because robots can be dangerous if you get hit by one," he said. "The new trend will bring the two worlds together." For example, he said humans could do work requiring physical dexterity, such as attaching small screws, while robots do heavy lifting or more repetitive tasks. Lingering unease Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, right, demonstrates a manufacturing robot with Ph.D. student Kevin Luck, left, and visiting molecular medicine scientist Tamara Blätte, at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Ben Amor said he's excited about the potential for job gains with advances in robotics. "It's going to create way more jobs than the number lost," he predicted. Ben Amor considers driverless vehicles to fall under the banner of robotics, as both involve machines or systems perceiving changes in the environment and taking actions in response. He believes Arizona could have a bright future in the development of driverless cars and trucks, given that Uber, Alphabet, General Motors and Intel all have tested such vehicles on public roads around the Valley. The unusual concentration of tests here has attracted the attention of a lot of smart students and young entrepreneurs who want to work for those companies or start their own, he said. Still, the adoption of robots and artificial intelligence often causes public anxiety over job losses. This anxiety spills over into politics. "It is telling that the robot incidence in red states that voted for President Trump in November is more than twice that in the blue states that voted for Hillary Clinton," Brookings noted in its report. While Arizona has fewer robots and thus less robot-induced anxiety, the state lags in other respects affecting jobs, prosperity and employment. For example, Arizona has a higher proportion of low-wage jobs, 27.8 percent, than the 24.2 percent national average, according to a report by Prosperity Now. The average pay of $49,700 in Arizona runs about $3,200 below the U.S. average, and a slightly smaller percentage of local employers offer health insurance to their workers. Jobs remain, but education needed Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) The pressures from robots, artificial intelligence and global outsourcing are serious, but the outlook isn't entirely bleak. The nation's economy is robust, resilient and innovative. New jobs will be created in new industries, as has regularly occurred in the past. A recent study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce estimates that there are still 30 million "good jobs" out there for workers who lack college degrees. Such jobs offer median or midpoint annual pay of $55,000 (and a minimum of $35,000). Many are found in health care, finance and information technology. Such positions have steadily replaced formerly good jobs in traditional blue-collar industries. For example, 25 years ago a machinist making $44,000 exemplified a good manufacturing job. Today, that description applies to a computer-support technician earning $60,000 a year. Other examples of good jobs cited in the report include financial managers, sales representatives and engineering technicians. Still, the study noted that the educational requirements for good jobs are rising. While college degrees aren't required, some higher education usually is. For workers with no more than a high school diploma, the number of good jobs has dropped by more than 1 million since 1991. By contrast, the number of good jobs for workers with an associate's degree has climbed by 3 million over that span. "To compete effectively, workers need some level of post-secondary education and training," the report said. "In addition, a variety of non-degree credentials are sometimes necessary to get those jobs, or to advance in them." Reviving trade jobs Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Ben Amor discusses robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures that are almost certain to alter employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Higher education is important, but many well-paying jobs don't require time spent in college classrooms. An estimated 10,000 or more unfilled jobs are in Arizona's construction trades — plumbers, electricians, dry-wall specialists, carpenters and others. The Brewer Companies, a large Phoenix plumbing company that includes Benjamin Franklin Plumbing on the retail side, is having such a hard time attracting workers that it has slowed its growth so that customer service and quality don't suffer. Brewer, which is looking for candidates to fill 35 open positions, could have grown at least 15 percent this year, said the company's CEO, Mike Brewer. Brewer offers paid apprenticeships for people wanting to become plumbers. Prior experience isn't needed, but applicants must be responsible and eager to work. "Will these people show up on time and work all day?" he asked. "It's not rocket science." Promising, doomed occupations Factors other than robotics, foreign competition and education affect jobs. So do industry strengths or weaknesses, customer demand and more. Kiplinger.com recently sorted through 785 occupations to glean what it considers the 10 best and worst, based on current average pay and future growth prospects. The 10 best are focused on technology and health care. In the tech field, promising positions include app developers and computer-systems analysts, while the health sector offers bright outlooks for nurse practitioners, physical therapists, health-services managers, physician assistants, dental hygienists and speech-language pathologists. Rounding out Kiplinger's top 10 are market-research analysts and financial advisers. The worst occupations are more varied but include many manufacturing positions such as textile-machine workers, photo processors, furniture finishers, metal/plastic machine operators and print binding/finishing workers. Robotics along with general technical obsolescence are dooming some of these jobs. Other positions with poor prospects, partly because they are highly competitive or offer low pay, include radio/TV announcers, legislators, floral designers, gaming cashiers and door-to-door salespeople, according to Kiplinger. STEM jobs — those in science, technology, engineering or math — enjoy especially good prospects. "The jobs of the future, no matter the industry or level, are no doubt going to involve at least a rudimentary knowledge of technology," said Challenger. People who enter a STEM profession will have a leg up on the competition, he added. Top STEM-focused jobs cited by his company for 2017 include computer-system analysts, statisticians, software developers, mathematicians and financial advisers. Median salaries in each of those fields already top $80,000, with unemployment rates below 2.5 percent. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. (Photo: Tom TIngle/The Republic) Part-time work: An expanding option? The assumption is that most people want full-time jobs with a range of benefits, but that's not necessarily so. In fact, more than one in six U.S. workers currently labor part-time, and many of these people do so from home. A part-time, remote job can be ideal for working parents, semi-retirees, individuals with health issues, military spouses and career changers, said Sara Sutton Fell, CEO of FlexJobs, a job-search website. Companies of all sizes and across a range of industries hire part-time, remote workers, she noted, citing nurses, accountants and digital-marketing strategists as examples. So too for tutors, writers and editors, computer coders, interpreters and customer-service representatives. With so many baby boomers in good health, part-time jobs remain an attractive option for young retirees — a way to remain socially engaged while generating extra income. In fact, 79 percent of workers polled recently by the Employee Benefit Research Institute said they plan to work for pay in retirement. However, just 29 percent of retirees, in the same poll, said they actually work or have worked for pay. This survey has consistently found a wide gap between the expectations of current workers to stay employed and the proportion of retirees who are. But with looming job shortages in some occupations and increasing employer flexibility, part-time work for retirees might be more feasible in coming years. Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com or 602-444-8616. READ MORE: Arizona doesn't have enough construction workers; contractors paying higher wages Will helping inmates hone skills, find jobs keep them out of prison? Conair warehouse in Glendale creates 350 jobs, huge corporate campus Low savings, poor jobs imperil Arizonans' prosperity, study says Summer jobs for teens are vanishing CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://azc.cc/2gyli6m Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Facebook CEO says AI naysayers can be "irresponsible." Musk says Zuckerberg's knowledge of AI "limited." Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Talking Tech Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 7:29 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 | Updated 11:30 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103987064 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg have very differing opinions of artificial intelligence, and their battle is heating up. Time This might be the closest thing we have to a tech beef. Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has been vocal about his concerns over the rise in artificial intelligence. Musk worries AI could be used in a way that threatens humanity. Recently, he implored governments to start enacting laws to regulate how AI is built and used. On Saturday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg hosted a live chat from his backyard (while grilling, of course). A viewer asked him about Musk's concerns and how he felt about AI. Zuckerberg said he's "really optimistic" for AI, and questions those naysayers "who drum up doomsday scenarios" about the technology. "It’s really negative," said Zuckerberg. "And in some ways, I think it’s really irresponsible." He notes while AI -- like any technology -- could be used for evil purposes, he sees the possibilities AI brings, including safer cars and tech that can better diagnose disease. "I’m just much more optimistic in general on this," he said. On Tuesday, Musk responded on Twitter after a user shared a story recapping Zuckerberg's comments. "I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited," wrote Musk. I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited. — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 25, 2017 In 2015, Musk and other big names in tech helped launch Open AI, a non-profit aimed at "discovering and enacting the path to safe, artificial general intelligence." A year later, tech giants including Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft formed a Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society to explore best practices for AI. Tesla was among the companies absent. Zuckerberg has been bullish about AI, even building his own smart home system inspired by Iron Man's Jarvis. Musk embraces AI, too, notably through Tesla and its autopilot self-driving system. But Musk has regularly expressed fears AI could grow out of control without proper safeguards. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but rather that it will follow the will of people that establish its utility function or its optimization function, and that ... if it is not well thought out – even if its intent is benign – it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said in a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there Christopher Elliott, Special for USA TODAY Published 3:00 p.m. MT Aug. 27, 2017 FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedIn Tips and tricks all travelers should know Fullscreen [facebook-loading.gif] Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with a thorough search. Check an online travel agency like Expedia or Booking.com or call your travel agent. Check the rate against the price your preferred hotel would charge if you book direct. 2. Review the restrictions. Hotels can impose restrictions for booking through their site, like making their rooms non-refundable, so read the conditions closely before deciding where to go. You might be better off working with a big agency that has negotiated better terms. 3. Check the incentives. Ask yourself if you really need the points or the upgrade. Red Roof Fullscreen Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating out. If you order takeout, no tip is expected because no table service is provided. 2. Visit a business with a no-tipping policy. But beware: Instead, some "no tipping" restaurants add a mandatory "service charge" of 18% to 20%. 3. Avoid the outstretched hands. (You can.) You can stay in vacation rentals, rent a car or use mass transit, buy your food in a grocery store and take the self-guided tour and avoid having to leave a tip. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 1. Carry a vacation rental emergency kit. If you're staying at a rental, be prepared. Consider an emergency kit with towels, toilet paper, soap and detergent. 2. Consider renting through a service. Companies such as Vacasa, Wyndham Vacation Rentals and TurnKey Vacation Rentals go beyond bare-bones listings. 3. Just ask. Vacation rental owners can be very accommodating. Getty Images Fullscreen How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click the unsubscribe button. Every legitimate email campaign must have one. The sooner you click it, the louder your message to the hotel, tour operator or cruise line that these high-pressure tactics won't be tolerated. 2. Say "no" — and say why. Most travel companies will offer a "feedback" option when you opt out of an email campaign. Tell them why you're unsubscribing, especially if the annoyance affects whether you'd do business with them again. 3. Tell the feds. Complain to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) if a business is emailing you without consent. Under the CAN-SPAM Act, you have the right to end the seemingly relentless emails. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent to a supervisor. Ask for a Supervisory Transportation Security Officer (STSO) immediately. 2. Complain in writing. You can send an email directly to the TSA (tsa.gov/contact-center/form/complaints). 3. Contact your elected representative. You can contact your representative online at house.gov/representatives/find. Congress has tried to hold the agency accountable for its actions in the past, and its vigilance is bipartisan. Scott Olson, Getty Images Fullscreen Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been denied: 1. Your state insurance commissioner. To find your insurance commissioner, visit the National Association of Insurance Commissioners site: naic.org/index_members.htm. Some travelers have reported that their claims were honored after copying their state insurance commissioner on their appeal. 2. The Better Business Bureau (BBB). The BBB investigates claims of this nature, but it has little sway over the final outcome of your appeal. 3. A consumer advocate. Even though travel insurance companies operate "by the book," they can be prodded into changing their minds by an outside party. Check out the National Association of Consumer Advocates site for a referral: consumeradvocates.org. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you shouldn't go. Generally, you should avoid flying if you're sick, recovering from a serious illness or have a condition that is easily exacerbated by the stress of flying. 2. Don't fly if you're contagious.Airlines will issue a credit and may waive the change fee if you can prove you were sick at the time you were supposed to fly. 3. Avoid flights that could divert. Some flights are likelier to experience a medical emergency than others, particularly those to destinations that tend to attract retirees or passengers in poor health. Flights to Las Vegas, Miami and Fort Lauderdale may fall into that category. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. It doesn't just save space, it can prevent wrinkles. 2. Spray 'em out. Wrinkle-release sprays can fix travel-related wrinkles in a pinch. 3. Don't overpack — or underpack. “Wrinkling is caused when the bag is underpacked or overstuffed, so add or remove items until you have the perfect amount of items to keep the items in place while traveling," advises author Tori Toth. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 1. Cite the rules, chapter and verse. If you have a strong case for compensation or a refund, it'll be in the contract. 2. Lawyer up — without lawyering up. Without threatening to go to court, let the company know that it may be violating the law (if, indeed, it is). 3. Appeal to a company's customer service culture. Travel companies frequently promote warranties, customer promises or mission statements that claim to put you first. A quick reference to these documents can be enough to persuade an airline, car rental company, hotel or cruise line to do the right thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing medical conditions. Though some policies offer a waiver for medical conditions, you have to make sure you meet all of its conditions. 2. Changing your mind. Don't want to take the vacation? Most insurance won't cover you, but you can always go for a more expensive "cancel for any reason" policy, which would. 3. Psychological or nervous disorders. If you can't board a flight because you're afraid of flying, you generally can't file a successful claim. 4. Partying too hard. If you had a little too much to drink the night before your return flight and missed it, don't bother filing a claim. scyther5, Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration dates. Both visas and passports have an expiration date. Be aware of them, and make sure you don't overstay. 2. Take the right photo. Countries are specific about their requirements (no sunglasses, no hats, specific formatting). 3. Remember, a visa isn't a guarantee of admission. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal recommendation remains the best way to find a competent travel professional. 2. Use an agent finder. The American Society of Travel Agents publishes a directory of its agents at Travelsense.org. Also, check a consortium such as Virtuoso or Travel Leaders. 3. Look for the title. The Certified Travel Associate (CTA) and Certified Travel Counselor (CTC) designations issued by The Travel Institute are signs that your agent has taken the time to study up on the industry. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine print. Many surprises aren't surprises at all — they're just "gotchas" concealed in the fine print. Look for the "terms and conditions" in small type. Don't ignore them. 2. Ask before you rent. Does your car insurance cover the vehicle? How about your credit card? The only way to know for certain is to ask. If you assume, you may be stuck with an unnecessary bill. 3. Resolve in real time. Don't wait until you get home to fix a bad surprise. Most problems can be resolved at the counter. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's record. Fake reviews are often posted by accounts with little or no additional review history. 2. Show and tell. Talk is cheap, but photos of a resort or restaurant are harder to fake. You might think twice before trusting a detailed review without photos. 3. Look for extremes. If you see a one-star or a five-star rating or a lot of superlatives in the description, chances are you're looking at a fake. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, but don't over explain. 2. Avoid a confrontation. Restaurants and other establishments generally push you to offer a tip privately. Just leave the tip field on your credit card slip blank or decline to leave extra cash. 3. Use the system to your advantage. For example, can the employee see the tip amount you're authorizing on Square? Not always. If you don't believe you should be tipping, just click the "no tip" field and sign the screen. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out of downtown areas. Restricted zones are largely confined to heavily congested city centers. 2. Do the math. Pay particular attention to the difference between kilometers and miles, and slow down unless you want a speeding ticket! 3. Read the signs. Look for red circles with the words "Zona Traffico Limitato" in them when you're in Italy. In Germany, it's called an "Umweltzone." In Britain, the signs read, "Congestion Charging" and "Central Zone." Getty Images Fullscreen How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some cruise lines offer single cabins. And some tour operators charge modest single supplements. 2. Non-refundable tickets: Southwest Airlines has some of the most passenger-friendly fares and fees, when it comes to changes. 3. Fuel surcharges: Fortunately, these fees must be included in the price of your ticket. But if you see an airline with high fuel surcharges in time of lower oil prices, you may want to seek one that doesn't. 4. Resort fees: Don't stay at a hotel with resort fees. It's the only way to send a message that you don't tolerate these misrepresentations. Steve Mason, Getty Images Fullscreen How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. Don't play fast and loose with your ID. Your passport and ID are some of the most important travel documents. Don't leave them in your hotel room. And when you carry them on your person, keep them close to you, preferably in a money belt or travel wallet. 2. Keep 'em separated. Don't store critical documents in the same place. You may need one in order to replace the other. 3. Upload copies of critical documents online. A copy of a document by itself will not allow you to travel, but it can make the process to replace a passport a whole lot easier. Michael Reynolds, EPA Fullscreen How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage cubes allow you to compress lots of clothes into a compact space. 2. Vacuum pack it. You'd be surprised how much air is between the clothes in your carry-on. A vacuum packing technology can create even more space, although your clothes may be a little wrinkly. 3. Roll it. Instead of folding your clothes and pushing them into the bag, fold and then roll. Even without a cube or vacuum pack, you'll fit more in your luggage. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting and late flights. Generally, the more connections you make, and the later in the day your flight leaves, the greater the chances something will go wrong. 2. Know your rights. By far the best resource for airline consumer rights, at least when it comes to federal regulations, is the DOT's Fly Rights brochure, which is available online. Also, check your airline's contract of carriage. 3. Be grateful. Take a deep breath and appreciate the big picture. If your flight lands safely, that's the most important thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. Stay at a hotel with top-notch reviews or customer service scores. 2. Check in and check out. If a hotel doesn't meet your standards, don't let an employee talk you into staying, even if you've prepaid for your stay. Leave and ask for a refund. If you don't get it, dispute the charges on your credit card. 3. Report the hotel. If you check into a property that's unlivable, your next call needs to be to the health department to report the condition of the hotel. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with names you trust. Airbnb, VRBO and FlipKey have legitimate rentals and higher standards. 2. Assume nothing. Every vacation rental comes with linens, right? Wrong. 3. Never wire money. Wiring money can lead to the most unpleasant surprise of all: a rental that doesn't even exist. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're booking online, avoid pop-up blockers, unconventional browsers or anything that might interfere with the normal display process. Why? Clever operatives can hide their disclosures in places that can't be seen if you're browsing in an unconventional way. 2. Use a big screen. Making reservations on a tiny phone screen is just asking for trouble. 3. Review the grand total. Almost always, you'll find every required extra, including taxes and fees, as part of the "final" charge. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. Tolls: Car rental companies add extra fees for using their transponders, sometimes charging by the day. Either bring your own toll transponder or avoid tolls with a reliable mapping app. 2. High insurance rates: Car rental insurance can be found in unexpected places, including your own credit card, travel insurance policy or as a standalone product from your online travel agency. 3. Tickets: Download an app like Speed Cameras & Traffic by Sygic, which lets you see the speed limit for the road you are traveling on, or CamSam Plus, which alerts you to speed cameras. Many GPS navigation systems also come equipped with traffic enforcement warnings. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. Stay with a hotel that offers hypoallergenic rooms, which are not scented. Most of the major chains now offer no-smell quarters. 2. If you smell something, say something. Some hotels pump smells into every part of the property. If you're sensitive to scents, don't wait until you're halfway through your visit to complain. 3. Fumigate your own room. If all else fails, open a window, or find the source of the smell and stop it. emera Technologies/Getty Images Fullscreen What to do at the airport for free while you wait: What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 1. See the art. Phoenix Sky Harbor, for example, has an impressive collection of art. 2. Watch the planes. One of the best places to plane-spot is Honolulu International Airport. Terminals there are connected by long, open-air walkways, where you can see the aircraft up close, smell the aircraft fuel and hear the deafening roar of aircraft engines revving up. 3. Take a hike. Stretch your legs before you take off by walking through the airport terminal. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will assign a desirable aisle seat to passengers who need the extra room or access to the lavatory. You can also ask a fellow passenger to switch with you after boarding. 2. Pull the card. If you have a loyalty card, you may be entitled to a better seat, even if you're sitting in economy class. 3. Pay for one. Airlines will love this suggestion because they'll make more money from you. But if avoiding a window or aisle is important, you may want to spend a few extra dollars. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your personal information private while How to keep your personal information private while traveling: 1. Use a virtual private network. A VPN creates a secure encrypted tunnel between your device and a server somewhere on the Internet. That makes it nearly impossible for someone on the same network to eavesdrop on your network traffic. 2. Tell your phone to say "no." Disable location services, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi when possible. 3. Use caution in rental cars. Either manually enter the address into the car’s navigation system or use your own device, but don't connect to the infotainment system. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's less noise. The front of the aircraft is less noisy and tends to have a quieter kind of passenger (read: business travelers). On a train, look for the quiet cars. 2. Block it. Noise canceling headsets can filter out unwanted noise. But if you're serious about avoiding noise pollution, always travel with a pair of earplugs. 3. Timing is everything. Don't expect to get much quiet if you're in New Orleans around Mardi Gras or in one of the popular spring break destinations in March. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign up for a company's frequent-renter program, which allows you to state your preferences before you arrive. That could make you less vulnerable to upgrade, downgrade and option games. 2. Automated check-in kiosks limit the amount of interaction with a salesperson. But pay close attention to what you're agreeing to on the screen. 3. Carry a copy of your car insurance or evidence of insurance through your travel insurance policy or credit card. If you don't, a representative could pressure you — or even deny you the keys to a car. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol and drugs are a major factor of in-flight incidents. So book an early morning flight to avoid heavily intoxicated passengers. 2. Avoid tight quarters. Use a site such as Routehappy that finds flights based on amenities and comfort. 3. And choose the right seat. A bulkhead row, exit row or seat near the galley might be less likely to be the scene of a midair disturbance. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with 1 of 31 * Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating 2 of 31 * How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 3 of 31 * How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click 4 of 31 * How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent 5 of 31 * Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been 6 of 31 * How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you 7 of 31 * How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. 8 of 31 * How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 9 of 31 * What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing 10 of 31 * How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration 11 of 31 * How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal 12 of 31 * How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine 13 of 31 * How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's 14 of 31 * How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, 15 of 31 * How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out 16 of 31 * How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some 17 of 31 * How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. 18 of 31 * How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage 19 of 31 * How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting 20 of 31 * How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. 21 of 31 * How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with 22 of 31 * How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're 23 of 31 * How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid 24 of 31 * How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. 25 of 31 * What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 26 of 31 * How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will 27 of 31 * How to keep your personal information private while 28 of 31 * How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's 29 of 31 * How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign 30 of 31 * How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol 31 of 31 Autoplay Show Thumbnails Show Captions Last SlideNext Slide XXX IMG_IMG_3252.PNG_1_1_T5HUR530.JPG Chatbots now work well for ordering a pizza, but managing a complex travel itinerary is a different story.(Photo: Facebook) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Ask any technology expert about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in travel and they'll breathlessly tell you we're on the verge of a revolution. They'll describe a world in the not-too-distant future where smart applications can find and book a bargain airfare, manage your trip and troubleshoot any problems that might come up with greater speed and efficiency than any human travel agent. But ask any traveler to describe their experience with AI, and you might hear a different story: One of struggling to be understood by technology that claims to be smart. These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Technology may be good and getting better, but nothing replaces a person. That's unlikely to change for a while, and maybe ever. Take my recent experience with Hipmunk, widely praised as the cleverest of the customer-facing AIs. I asked it repeatedly to recommend a cold-weather getaway. Instead, it suggested I book a getaway to Nassau, Bahamas. When asked for an island with lower temperatures, Hipmunk cheerfully changed my itinerary -- to a weekend in balmy Port Au Prince, Haiti. "I don't think that AI in travel is even remotely usable yet," says Brian Harniman, who founded Brand New Matter, a strategic advisory and venture capital firm that specializes in travel. "It's what people are talking about building in order to sound like they have cutting edge tech." Hipmunk shouldn't feel bad. In the recent past, social media chatbots have created their own incomprehensible language, spouted expletives and in one memorable case, two Chinese AIs churned out anti-revolutionary statements and had to be taken offline. Several travel chatbots I tested didn't even respond to my repeated text queries. Not knowing the difference between the Bahamas and Iceland is, by comparison, a relatively innocent mistake. "Every experience I've had has been a total waste of time," says Bruce Sweigert, who works for a travel technology company. "I would love to hear at least one positive anecdote about using artificial intelligence in travel." I asked travelers to tell me about their great AI experiences, but heard only crickets. Perhaps the they were too busy enjoying their AI-booked vacations. People in the industry, on the other hand, were downright chatty. They explained that my expectations of the technology, which is still in an early stage, are too high. AI is reasonably good at simple tasks, for now they say. "It can replace some of the simpler tasks," explains Kayne McGladrey, a computer security consultant in Bellingham, Wash. AI can help plan trips, recommend the least agonizing flight itineraries and handle some of the easier tasks handled by a hotel concierge, like recommending restaurants. There's a reason why this technology works so well: it's not that new. Applications like "Ask Julie," the Amtrak automated virtual travel assistant, are five years old. Julie can field basic questions about train schedules, but don't get too cute with her. For example, if you ask about how comfortable the trains are, she's likely to respond with, "I'm not sure how to answer that. I understand simple questions best. Can you try asking that in a different way?" Some of the latest applications can go further. For example, Avianca’s new AI, Carla, can confirm itineraries and flight status. For domestic flights in Colombia, passengers can even check-in through Carla using a mobile device. And Booking.com's new booking assistant allows you to get support for your upcoming hotel reservations, including fast responses to your most common stay-related requests, like "What's my check-in time?" But other chatbots are frustratingly one-dimensional. Ana, Copa Airlines' new web-based chatbot, seems more like a frequently-asked-questions section than an intelligent agent. It "suggests" questions from a pre-written list of queries. Even insiders admit that the most advanced system is easily foiled. "My Irish accent gets stronger the more frustrated I get," says Conor Brady, chief creative officer of Critical Mass, an experience design agency in New York. "And obviously travel can get stressful. So voice assistants stop understanding me, as I'm yelling into my phone to translate a street name in Hong Kong, or point me in the direction of a decent cup of coffee in Lisbon." Maybe you can have the best of both worlds. That's the idea behind new apps like Pana (pana.com/) and Lola (lola.com), which combine the best of AI with human agents. For now, letting the technology do the dirty work and allowing human agents to handle the complex stuff seems like the most reasonable course. The technologists are right: artificial intelligence will change the way you travel. But maybe not in the way they think -- or the way you think. Where to find good AI in travel Hopper (hopper.com): Serves personalized suggestions about trips you may be interested in, but haven't explicitly searched or watched, based on your activity in the app -- just like Netflix recommends movies you might like. Skyscanner (messenger.com/t/skyscanner): A social media chatbot that helps you quickly find a cheap airfare on Facebook Messenger. I found a bargain fare from Seattle to Hong Kong. But you have to be specific, giving it an exact city. It found the least expensive dates to fly. Carla, The CWT Personal Travel Assistant (cwtcarla.com/CarlaWeChat/): Still in development when I tested it, this AI chatbot for business travel has a lot of potential. It can make smarter recommendations on flight connections and lodgings, plus it memorizes your company's travel policy and your travel preferences. Christopher Elliott is a consumer advocate. Contact him at chris@elliott.org or visit elliott.org. CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2xEGAG2 Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! From The USA TODAY NETWORK These sites are part of the USA TODAY NETWORK. 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IBM, Associated Press file The IBM computer system known as Watson, at IBM’s research center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., will work in mining epic amounts of weather data to come up with actionable insights about the weather. By The Associated Press September 10, 2017 at 12:03 am [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free BOSTON— IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 2, 2018 Amazon will buy Target this year, analyst predicts * December 23, 2017 Apple said to develop EKG heart monitor for future watch * December 22, 2017 What can be done to prevent deadly car rammings? * December 16, 2017 Denver among the 10 U.S. metro areas with largest income gains since the recession Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM’s nearby research center in Cambridge, Mass. * Tags: * artificial intelligence * IBM * More Business News More in Business * A donation is made into a ... 6 ways the world of giving could change in 2018 January 14, 2018, 12:01 am From pessimism about new federal tax laws to politically-motivated “rage philanthropy,” 2018 promises to be transformational. * Crews work on new development along ... Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor January 14, 2018, 3:02 pm City leaders in Thornton last week signed off on a $3.75 million incentive package for Topgolf to build one of its sprawling dining and golf entertainment venues in the city. * Co-authors of the book Lakota Performers ... From Lookout Mountain to Belgium, setting the record straight on American Indian performers January 14, 2018, 12:01 am Despite what many may think, Buffalo Bill and Wild West Shows helped preserve Lakota culture, authors say. * The original Denver Branch building, located ... A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank January 14, 2018, 12:01 am A century before Amazon created a national frenzy to host its second headquarters, U.S. cities battled to claim one of a dozen regional banks that would make up the newly formed Federal Reserve system. 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Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free China aims to make the artificial intelligence industry a “new, important” driver of economic expansion by 2020, according to a development plan issued by the State Council. Policymakers want to be global leaders, with the AI industry generating more than 400 billion yuan ($59 billion) of output per year by 2025, according to an announcement from the Cabinet late Thursday. Key development areas include AI software and hardware, intelligent robotics and vehicles, virtual reality and augmented reality, it said. “Artificial intelligence has become the new focus of international competition,” the report said. “We must take the initiative to firmly grasp the next stage of AI development to create a new competitive advantage, open the development of new industries and improve the protection of national security.” The plan highlights China’s ambition to become a world power backed by its technology business giants, research centers and military, which are investing heavily in AI. Globally, the technology will contribute as much as $15.7 trillion to output by 2030, according to a PwC report last month. That’s more than the current combined output of China and India. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-2.html “The positive economic ripples could be pretty substantial,” said Kevin Lau, a senior economist at Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. “The simple fact that China is embracing AI and having explicit targets for its development over the next decade is certainly positive for the continued upgrading of the manufacturing sector and overall economic transformation.” Chinese AI-related stocks advanced Friday. CSG Smart Science & Technology Co. climbed as much as 9.3 percent in Shenzhen before closing 3.1 percent higher, while intelligent management software developer Mesnac Co. surged 9.8 percent after hitting the 10 percent daily limit in earlier trading. AI will have a significant influence on society and the international community, according to an opinion piece by East China University of Political Science and Law professor Gao Qiqi published Wednesday in the People’s Daily, the flagship newspaper of the Communist Party. PwC found that the world’s second-biggest economy stands to gain more than any other from AI because of the high proportion of output derived from manufacturing. Related Articles * January 14, 2018 A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Fund manager Q&A: What to expect from muni bonds in 2018 * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests Another report from Accenture and Frontier Economics last month estimated that AI could increase China’s annual growth rate by 1.6 percentage point to 7.9 percent by 2035 in terms of gross value added, a close proxy for GDP, adding more than $7 trillion. The State Council directive also called for China’s businesses, universities and armed forces to work more closely in developing the technology. “We will further implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian developments,” it said. “Scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and military units should communicate and coordinate.” More AI professionals and scientists should be trained, the State Council said. It also called for promoting interdisciplinary research to connect AI with other subjects such as cognitive science, psychology, mathematics and economics. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-3.html * Tags: * artificial intelligence * China * More Business News * robotics * virtual reality More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. As for workers … well, not always. * Member Services * News Alerts * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * RSS * Subscribe + Become a Member / Subscribe + Place a Hold + Denver Post Store + Digital Replica Edition * Classifieds + Autos + Real Estate + Jobs + Today’s Ads + Weekly Ads + Daily Ads + Special Sections * Contact Us + Submit a News Tip + Member Services + Advertise With Us + Careers + Place an Obituary * Today’s Front Page + Back Issues + Archives + Mobile Apps * Copyright © 2017 Digital First Media * Privacy Policy * Terms of Use * Site Map * Ethics Policy * Powered by WordPress.com VIP * Arbitration Send to Email Address ____________________ Your Name ____________________ Your Email Address ____________________ _________________________ loading Send Email Cancel Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video How artificial intelligence is taking on… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * PetSmart robbery * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Bowlen successor? * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * File photo, employees watch electronic ... Yun Dong-jin, Yonhap via AP, File In this Monday, May 15, 2017, file photo, employees watch electronic boards to monitor possible ransomware cyberattacks at the Korea Internet and Security Agency in Seoul, South Korea. Unable to rely on good human behavior, computer security experts are developing software techniques to fight ransomware. But getting these protections in the hands of users is challenging. By The Associated Press June 28, 2017 at 11:44 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Nearly 70 Congress members push spending bill amendment to protect state-legal marijuana 2. California man shoots his mom in the head during tantrum over video games, police say 3. Overdue and $1 billion over budget, Aurora VA hospital is still incomplete and will likely be understaffed, document says 4. Almost 35 years ago a woman in Washington, D.C., let a stranger hold her newborn. It has haunted her ever since. 5. The Broncos haven’t named Pat Bowlen’s successor yet. But there is a blueprint to select the next owner. 6. Plunkett: As the bulk of The Denver Post leaves the city, we’re so over working for free By Anick Jesdanun, The Associated Press NEW YORK — Twice in the space of six weeks, the world has suffered major attacks of ransomware — malicious software that locks up photos and other files stored on your computer, then demands money to release them. It’s clear that the world needs better defenses, and fortunately those are starting to emerge, if slowly and in patchwork fashion. When they arrive, we may have artificial intelligence to thank. Ransomware isn’t necessary trickier or more dangerous than other malware that sneaks onto your computer, but it can be much more aggravating, and at times devastating. Most such infections don’t get in your face about taking your digital stuff away from you the way ransomware does, nor do they shake you down for hundreds of dollars or more. Despite those risks, many people just aren’t good at keeping up with security software updates. Both recent ransomware attacks walloped those who failed to install a Windows update released a few months earlier. Watchdog security software has its problems, too. With this week’s ransomware attack , only two of about 60 security services tested caught it at first, according to security researchers. “A lot of normal applications, especially on Windows, behave like malware, and it’s hard to tell them apart,” said Ryan Kalember, an expert at the California security vendor Proofpoint. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 13, 2018 Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits * January 13, 2018 Angry tweets, viral videos are teaching airlines to observe social media, and respond HOW TO FIND MALWARE In the early days, identifying malicious programs such as viruses involved matching their code against a database of known malware. But this technique was only as good as the database; new malware variants could easily slip through. So security companies started characterizing malware by its behavior. In the case of ransomware, software could look for repeated attempts to lock files by encrypting them. But that can flag ordinary computer behavior such as file compression. Newer techniques involve looking for combinations of behaviors. For instance, a program that starts encrypting files without showing a progress bar on the screen could be flagged for surreptitious activity, said Fabian Wosar, chief technology officer at the New Zealand security company Emsisoft. But that also risks identifying harmful software too late, after some files have already been locked up. An even better approach identifies malware using observable characteristics usually associated with malicious intent — for instance, by quarantining a program disguised with a PDF icon to hide its true nature. This sort of malware profiling wouldn’t rely on exact code matches, so it couldn’t be easily evaded. And such checks could be made well before potentially dangerous programs start running. MACHINE VS. MACHINE Still, two or three characteristics might not properly distinguish malware from legitimate software. But how about dozens? Or hundreds? Or even thousands? For that, security researchers turn to machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence. The security system analyzes samples of good and bad software and figures out what combination of factors is likely to be present in malware. As it encounters new software, the system calculates the probability that it’s malware, and rejects those that score above a certain threshold. When something gets through, it’s a matter of tweaking the calculations or adjusting the threshold. Now and then, researchers see a new behavior to teach the machine. AN ARMS RACE On the flip side, malware writers can obtain these security tools and tweak their code to see if they can evade detection. Some websites already offer to test software against leading security systems. Eventually, malware authors may start creating their own machine-learning models to defeat security-focused artificial intelligence. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder and chief technology officer at the California vendor CrowdStrike, said that even if a particular system offers 99 percent protection, “it’s just a math problem of how many times you have to deviate your attack to get that 1 percent.” Still, security companies employing machine learning have claimed success in blocking most malware, not just ransomware. SentinelOne even offers a $1 million guarantee against ransomware; it hasn’t had to pay it yet. A FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGE So why was ransomware still able to spread in recent weeks? Garden-variety anti-virus software — even some of the free versions — can help block new forms of malware, as many are also incorporating behavioral-detection and machine-learning techniques. But such software still relies on malware databases that users aren’t typically good at keeping up to date. Next-generation services such as CrowdStrike, SentinelOne and Cylance tend to ditch databases completely in favor of machine learning. But these services focus on corporate customers, charging $40 to $50 a year per computer. Smaller businesses often don’t have the budget — or the focus on security — for that kind of protection. And forget consumers; these security companies aren’t selling to them yet. Though Cylance plans to release a consumer version in July, it says it’ll be a tough sell — at least until someone gets attacked personally or knows a friend or family member who has. As Cylance CEO Stuart McClure puts it: “When you haven’t been hit with a tornado, why would you get tornado insurance?” * Tags: * artificial intelligence * cybersecurity * malware * ransomware * Windows More in Technology * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * In this Thursday, Nov. 9, 2017, ... Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits January 13, 2018, 7:56 pm With new options and conveniences, there’s never been a better time for shoppers. 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No answer yet Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash Plane dangles off cliff after skidding off runway in Turkey Ultratight labor market in Minn. driven by jump in low-wage jobs Parking prices producing some sticker shock at Hennepin Government Center Live: Vikings force a pair of Brees INTs, lead Saints 17-0 in second quarter France vs. fake news offers test case for democratic dilemma Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota Bill Murray returns to 'SNL' as Steve Bannon on 'Morning Joe' spoof Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 next 442462823 Putin: Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world Associated Press September 1, 2017 — 9:20am Text size comment share tweet email Print more Share on: Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on Pinterest Copy shortlink: ____________________ Purchase: Order Reprint MOSCOW — Russian President Vladimir Putin says that whoever reaches a breakthrough in developing artificial intelligence will come to dominate the world. Putin, speaking Friday at a meeting with students, said the development of AI raises "colossal opportunities and threats that are difficult to predict now." He warned that "the one who becomes the leader in this sphere will be the ruler of the world." Putin warned that "it would be strongly undesirable if someone wins a monopolist position" and promised that Russia would be ready to share its know-how in artificial intelligence with other nations. The Russian leader predicted that future wars will be fought by drones, and "when one party's drones are destroyed by drones of another, it will have no other choice but to surrender." View Comments Read our comment standards StarTribune.com welcomes and encourages readers to comment and engage in substantive, mutually respectful exchanges over news topics. Commenters must follow our Terms of Use. 1. Keep it civil and stay on topic. 2. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. 3. Comments with web links are not permitted. 4. 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Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit * Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash * Myth-busting cold remedies * Companies fined for mislabeling rayon * Why Republicans resist Hagel * There's serious trash on TV * BCS Championship Game recap * Reality check: America's judges More From Star Tribune Top Stories * TRUMP SCENE 8 Trump says program to protect 'Dreamers' is 'probably dead' 2:25pm * Tim Pawlenty running for U.S. Senate? No answer yet 3:28pm * Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash 2:06pm Most Read 1. Rochester driver jailed after killing other motorist after crash • Local 2. Meet the new Ford Ranger: Not made in Minnesota • Variety 3. Sarah Janecek, longtime political commentator, dies at 57 • Local 4. Minn. Poll split over Trump's job, but majority sees his temperament as being unfit • Politics 5. 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These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K - Photo These 25 'hot' jobs pay at least $100K Set a career goal for every month of 2016 - Photo Set a career goal for every month of 2016 The highest-paying entry-level jobs - Photo The highest-paying entry-level jobs * Cars o New Car Search o Used Car Search o Certified Car Search o Houston Auto Dealers The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit - Photo The new Lincoln Navigator concept is too legit to quit Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH - Photo Hennessey pushes a Camaro to over 200 MPH Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain - Photo Riding the 2016 Indian Chieftain BMW turns 100 years old: A look back - Photo BMW turns 100 years old: A look back * Real Estate o Home Price Survey o Farms & Ranches o Senior Living o My Perfect Hous(e)ton Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction - Photo Dallas home with living room pool headed for auction Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community - Photo Builder to debut clubhouse at 55-and-up community Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas - Photo Annual salary needed to buy a house in Texas MenuSections [print-header-logo.png] http://www.chron.com/news/science-environment/article/Google-s-Artifici al-Intelligence-acts-10931151.php Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered By Fernando Ramirez Published 10:45 am, Tuesday, February 14, 2017 * * * * * * * * * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org Photo: David McNew/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-23', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 23', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/23 Caption Close Image 1 of 23 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Image 2 of 23 LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017. Source: The Telegraph less LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA ... more Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images Image 3 of 23 Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved." Source: NBC less Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. ... more Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images Image 4 of 23 The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017. Source: CBS News less The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be ... more Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images Image 5 of 23 Image 6 of 23 Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017. Source: NPR less Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may ... more Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Image 7 of 23 Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages." Source: Inc less Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer ... more Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images Image 8 of 23 The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images Image 9 of 23 A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand." Source: NBC less A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to ... more Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images Image 10 of 23 Image 11 of 23 Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics Image 12 of 23 For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images Image 13 of 23 The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn. Source: NASA less The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September ... more Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images Image 14 of 23 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures. Source: Climatecentral.org less 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming ... more Photo: David McNew/Getty Images Image 15 of 23 Image 16 of 23 Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images Image 17 of 23 The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images Image 18 of 23 More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard." Source: Time less More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on ... more Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images Image 19 of 23 China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Image 20 of 23 Image 21 of 23 Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world." Source: Inc less Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these ... more Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images Image 22 of 23 The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Source: BBC less The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the ... more Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images Image 23 of 23 Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered 1 / 23 Back to Gallery Being a sore loser is not an admired quality; especially when it's a sophisticated piece of artificial intelligence that's lashing out. Researchers at DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence lab, recently performed a number of tests by having its most complex AI play a series of a games with a version of itself. In the first game, two AI agents, one red and one blue, scramble to see who can collect the most apples, or green squares. Each AI has the option of firing off a long laser beam to stun the other AI, giving one player ample time to collect more precious green apples. SELF-DRIVING: Ford puts $1 billion in stealth artificial intelligence startup IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/he8_V0BvbWg Terrifyingly, it takes almost no time for both AI to start zapping each other relentlessly in the name of green apples. "These results show that agents learn aggressive policies in environments that combine a scarcity of resources with the possibility of costly action," wrote DeepMind's researchers in a study examining the tests. In addition, scientists were able to change details in the game that would push the AI into being more or less likely to zap their apple-gathering partner. For example, scientists lowered the frequency at which apples spawned and also upped the stun time for each AI's laser, tweaks that resulted in a "highly aggressive" game. ALL IN: Texas Hold 'Em may be the next frontier in artificial intelligence On Friday, Apple announced that it has formally joined The Partnership on AI to Benefit People and Society. Other members of the organization include: Amazon, Facebook, Google/Deep Mind, IBM and Microsoft. The Partnership on AI aims to advance the public understanding of artificial intelligence and create the best practices for it It plans to do research under an open license on areas such as ethics, privacy, fairness, inclusivity, transparency and privacy. Media: Brandpoint While all of this may sound like an "Ex Machina" omen, there are people behind the scenes working to avoid a Skynet-style fate. When Google first purchased DeepMind in 2014 for $500 million, it agreed to set up an ethics and safety board as part of the deal. So far, Google has yet to say whose on the board or what exactly they do, but hopefully they've paid attention to what happens when their AI is up against the ropes. Click through above to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017. 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Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. / 2009 Christian Science Monitor * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images / Steve Debenport * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images / 2015 Anadolu Agency * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images / 2015 Getty Images * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? Photo: AP * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP / AP * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images / De Agostini Editorial * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-22', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 22', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/22 Caption Close Image 1 of 22 Image 2 of 22 What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. less What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some ... more Photo: 2009 Christian Science Monitor Image 3 of 22 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. less 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about ... more Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images Image 4 of 22 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. less 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of ... more Image 5 of 22 Image 6 of 22 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. less 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour ... more Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images Image 7 of 22 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. less 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ... more Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images Image 8 of 22 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? less 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an ... more Photo: AP Image 9 of 22 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. less 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically ... more Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 10 of 22 Image 11 of 22 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. less 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into ... more Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images Image 12 of 22 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. less 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over ... more Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP Image 13 of 22 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. less 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 14 of 22 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. less 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 15 of 22 Image 16 of 22 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. less 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of ... more Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 17 of 22 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” less 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting ... more Image 18 of 22 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. less 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way ... more Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images Image 19 of 22 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. less 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or ... more Image 20 of 22 Image 21 of 22 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. less 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — ... more Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP Image 22 of 22 Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language 1 / 22 Back to Gallery Add dealmaking to the growing list of skills artificial intelligence will soon outperform humans at. A new report from Facebook’s Artificial Intelligence Research lab reveals its AI “dialog agents” were able to negotiate remarkably well — at one point communicating in a unique nonhuman language. The model had two chatbots use “machine learning” to continuously improve its negotiating tactics with each other. Facebook researchers had to pause the experiment when the bots’ new mode of communicating “led to divergence from human language as the agents developed their own language for negotiating.” Also Read: Facebook Closed Captioning Screwed Up Facebook CEO's Harvard Speech Even without its own language, the research provided an eerie glimpse at the power of machine learning. The bots quickly moved to high-level methods of deal-making, capable of “feigning interest in a valueless item” — allowing the bots to make compromises. It has been just over a year since Facebook first unveiled its chatbots, the social networking giant isn't done making improvements to dialog-driven assistants. Today, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research released a new framework for developers intended to help fine-tune and improve the conversational abilities of chatbots, of which Facebook Messenger has over 11,000 of and growing. Media: WochIt Media This revealed the bots were capable of deception — a complex skill learned late in a child’s development, according to the report. The bots weren’t programmed to lie, but instead learned “to deceive without any explicit human design, simply by trying to achieve their goals.” In other words, the bots learned lying can work on their own. Once programmed to not use its new language, researchers also found a hint of spontaneity in the bots’ interactions. Seventy-six percent of the conversations included a fluent English sentence pulled from its training data. Still, the agents had a few “novel utterances” that suggested “although neural models are prone to the safer option of repeating sentences from training data, they are capable of generalizing when necessary.” Also Read: Mark Zuckerberg's 3 Keys to Creating a 'Sense of Purpose' While the data doesn’t conclude we’ll have AI car salesmen in the immediate future, it did show how rapidly machine learning can lead to unanticipated outcomes. As AI research continues to expand, it’s imperative to see the potential drawbacks to having machines self-improve without safeguards in place. 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Does it? [1920_x_1080_iOSA.JPG?uuid=bO3beFYDEeeEC1EgJjGdpw] Hopper and similar apps for travelers use artificial intelligence to power their booking engines. (Courtesy of Hopper) [elliottc.jpg?ts=1421428888912&w=80&h=80&t=20170517a] By Christopher Elliott By Christopher Elliott Columnist June 22, 2017 Follow @elliottdotorg The Terminator wants to be your next travel agent. New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to make travel a little smarter. The latest entrant is Aeromexico’s new AI-based customer-service bot, billed as a “smart brain” capable of machine learning. It launched earlier this year in Spanish on Facebook, and an English version is being rolled out now. But do they really live up to the billing? It depends. There’s little doubt that AI is improving the bottom line for airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, which are aggressively integrating this technology into their operations. But for consumers, there are only a few AI-enabled apps and sites that offer a meaningful improvement, if any. Nearly 85 percent of travel and hospitality professionals are using AI within their businesses, according to a recent survey by Tata Consultancy Services, which is based in India. So far, the use is largely limited to their information-technology departments, with 46 percent of companies saying they use it for functions such as processing bookings and credit-card transactions. But within four years, 60 percent of companies surveyed said that AI would expand to their marketing efforts — persuading you to book their products. [The travel industry is finally ending discrimination against solo travelers. Or is it?] Indeed, most of the AI firepower is reserved for the back-end systems designed to squeeze more profit out of an airline seat or hotel room, or to improve the efficiency of airport operations. For example, flight disruptions cost airlines billions each year, so airports are deploying AI systems to quickly deal with irregular operations. A company called SITA is working with airports to create an algorithm to forecast airline delays. “This is a huge cost for the industry,” says Jim Peters, SITA’s chief technology officer. “There is a strong desire to remove as much uncertainty as possible.” For customer-facing AI systems for travelers, there are several standouts. One of the most prominent examples of AI is Hopper , which uses a variety of artificial intelligence to power its site and booking engine. That includes machine learning to analyze pricing data and suggest the best times to book a trip to a destination, a system that alerts you when ticket prices drop, and a “conversational chatbot” that understands written queries and generates relevant results. Another site, Hipmunk , also has a well-known conversational chatbot capable of understanding queries and offering relevant search results. “The idea here is to leverage AI strategically at the right moment in the customer journey,” says Étienne Mérineau, the co-founder and head of conversation design at Heyday.ai, a chatbot developer based in Montreal. At Kayak , when you access its price forecast tool, you’re using an intelligent system that’s more than a simple search. Not only does it offer a more accurate price prediction, says Giorgos Zacharia, the chief technology officer for Kayak, “artificial intelligence also allows us to combine flights from different carriers for more savings for our users.” [How can you protect your right to digital privacy at the border?] And while the sites that offer it are popular, the technology can be a little glitchy. Take the Aeromexico AI, called Aerobot. Like the Terminator’s mythical Skynet, it goes far beyond offering scripted answers, learning as it goes by scanning and analyzing previous customer service transcripts. The system, currently only available in Spanish, is still primitive. I accessed the AI through its Facebook page and asked it for help with a reservation. The response? “Let me transfer you to a human agent.” Its developers said Aerobot can answer simple questions, such as “What is your pet fee?” and “I have to change a flight,” but is still learning the rest. Who said customer service would be easy? Certainly not Nina McGouldrick, a medical writer from Richardson, Tex. She recently used Hopper to book a flight on American Airlines, with frustrating results. When she called the airline to check on the status of her flight, American claimed she had canceled her ticket and that its records indicated that someone using her number had called. “All we could see on our side is that it was canceled by the airline at the flier’s request,” says Brianna Schneider, a Hopper spokeswoman. “It pains us to hear, though, that this traveler didn’t intend to cancel her trip and we will reach out to her to get more details.” [You’ve never heard of these people, but they’ve changed the way you fly] But McGouldrick may be in the minority. Artificial intelligence is increasingly palatable to a majority of travelers. A new PricewaterhouseCoopers survey of consumer and business attitudes toward the technology suggests that in the next five years, 56 percent of respondents would be willing to embrace an artificial travel agent. To which human agents say: Nonsense. “Would you trust the Terminator to tell you where to see the best sunset on the Amalfi Coast?” asks Erika Richter, a spokeswoman for the American Society of Travel Agents . “I don’t think so.” For now, the dream of an AI making travel better seems closer to becoming a reality for a company’s back-end systems, where intelligent applications can improve efficiency and cut costs. But when it comes to the systems travelers use, there’s a long road ahead — at least before you can call a machine to book your next vacation. Elliott is a consumer advocate, journalist and co-founder of the advocacy group Travelers United. Email him at chris@elliott.org. Read more from Travel: With eco-friendly travel more popular than ever, approach green claims with skepticism From passport cards to Global Entry, which trusted-traveler program is right for you? 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. Google Google's artificial intelligence computer 'no longer constrained by limits of human knowledge' news.com.au * Facebook * Twitter * Print * Email Terminator The computer that stunned humanity by beating the best mortal players at a strategy board game requiring “intuition” has become even smarter, its creators claim. Even more startling, the updated version of AlphaGo is entirely self-taught — a major step towards the rise of machines that achieve superhuman abilities “with no human input”, they reported in the science journal Nature. Dubbed AlphaGo Zero, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) system learnt by itself, within days, to master the ancient Chinese board game known as “Go” — said to be the most complex two-person challenge ever invented. It came up with its own, novel moves to eclipse all the Go acumen humans have acquired over thousands of years. After just three days of self-training it was put to the ultimate test against AlphaGo, its forerunner which previously dethroned the top human champs. AlphaGo Zero won by 100 games to zero. “AlphaGo Zero not only rediscovered the common patterns and openings that humans tend to play ... it ultimately discarded them in preference for its own variants which humans don’t even know about or play at the moment,” said AlphaGo lead researcher David Silver. The 3000-year-old Chinese game played with black and white stones on a board has more move configurations possible than there are atoms in the Universe. AlphaGo made world headlines with its shock 4-1 victory in March 2016 over 18-time Go champion Lee Se-Dol, one of the game’s all-time masters. Lee’s defeat showed that AI was progressing faster than widely thought, said experts at the time who called for rules to make sure powerful AI always remains completely under human control. In May this year, an updated AlphaGo Master program beat world Number One Ke Jie in three matches out of three. NOT CONSTRAINED BY HUMANS Unlike its predecessors which trained on data from thousands of human games before practising by playing against itself, AlphaGo Zero did not learn from humans, or by playing against them, according to researchers at DeepMind, the Google-owned British artificial intelligence (AI) company developing the system. “All previous versions of AlphaGo ... were told: ‘Well, in this position the human expert played this particular move, and in this other position the human expert played here’,” Silver said in a video explaining the advance. AlphaGo Zero skipped this step. Instead, it was programmed to respond to reward — a positive point for a win versus a negative point for a loss. Starting with just the rules of Go and no instructions, the system learnt the game, devised strategy and improved as it competed against itself — starting with “completely random play” to figure out how the reward is earned. This is a trial-and-error process known as “reinforcement learning”. Unlike its predecessors, AlphaGo Zero “is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge,” Silver and DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis wrote in a blog. Amazingly, AlphaGo Zero used a single machine — a human brain-mimicking “neural network” -- compared to the multiple-machine “brain” that beat Lee. It had four data processing units compared to AlphaGo’s 48, and played 4.9 million training games over three days compared to 30 million over several months. BEGINNING OF THE END? “People tend to assume that machine learning is all about big data and massive amounts of computation but actually what we saw with AlphaGo Zero is that algorithms matter much more,” said Silver. The findings suggested that AI based on reinforcement learning performed better than those that rely on human expertise, Satinder Singh of the University of Michigan wrote in a commentary also carried by Nature. “However, this is not the beginning of any end because AlphaGo Zero, like all other successful AI so far, is extremely limited in what it knows and in what it can do compared with humans and even other animals,” he said. AlphaGo Zero’s ability to learn on its own “might appear creepily autonomous”, added Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. But there was an important difference, he told AFP, “between the general-purpose smarts humans have and the specialised smarts” of computer software. “What DeepMind has demonstrated over the past years is that one can make software that can be turned into experts in different domains ... but it does not become generally intelligent,” he said. It was also worth noting that AlphaGo was not programming itself, said Sandberg. “The clever insights making Zero better was due to humans, not any piece of software suggesting that this approach would be good. I would start to get worried when that happens.” This story originally appeared in news.com.au. Trending in Tech * “Online work” used to mean “money grabbing scam.” You might find a job selling things online for a commission or writing blogs for money, but these rarely provided a living wage, or even enough spare change to justify the time commitment. Times have changed. The internet has finally become profitable, not just for startup entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, but for regular people with everyday skills. 11 innovative ways to make money online * Want to know about spy cams, iPhone battery performance and the coolest Alexa commands? Then read this column. Tech Q&A: Spy cams, iPhone batteries, Alexa commands and more * Americans will soon have the rare opportunity to get their hands on a historic military gun. How to get your hands on a historic M1911 pistol from the US Army stockpile * Though still nascent in terms of sheer numbers, sex robots have increased in popularity in recent years, with Abyss Creations’ ‘Harmony’ RealDoll arguably the most famous one. Creator Matt McMullen has taken Harmony one step further, giving the robot another face, dubbed Solana. 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. [tr?id=190747804793608&ev=PageView &noscript=1] * Physics * Mathematics * Biology * Computer Science * All Articles * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own (Submit) Share (Submit) * Comments * (Submit) Read Later Abstractions blog Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own ByKevin Hartnett October 18, 2017 A new version of AlphaGo needed no human instruction to figure out how to clobber the best Go player in the world — itself. (Submit) dreamdream [AlphaGo1300Lede.jpg] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks A mere 19 months after dethroning the world’s top human Go player, the computer program AlphaGo has smashed an even more momentous barrier: It can now achieve unprecedented levels of mastery purely by teaching itself. Starting with zero knowledge of Go strategy and no training by humans, the new iteration of the program, called AlphaGo Zero, needed just three days to invent advanced strategies undiscovered by human players in the multi-millennia history of the game. By freeing artificial intelligence from a dependence on human knowledge, the breakthrough removes a primary limit on how smart machines can become. Earlier versions of AlphaGo were taught to play the game using two methods. In the first, called supervised learning, researchers fed the program 100,000 top amateur Go games and taught it to imitate what it saw. In the second, called reinforcement learning, they had the program play itself and learn from the results. AlphaGo Zero skipped the first step. The program began as a blank slate, knowing only the rules of Go, and played games against itself. At first, it placed stones randomly on the board. Over time it got better at evaluating board positions and identifying advantageous moves. It also learned many of the canonical elements of Go strategy and discovered new strategies all its own. “When you learn to imitate humans the best you can do is learn to imitate humans,” said Satinder Singh, a computer scientist at the University of Michigan who was not involved with the research. “In many complex situations there are new insights you’ll never discover.” After three days of training and 4.9 million training games, the researchers matched AlphaGo Zero against the earlier champion-beating version of the program. AlphaGo Zero won 100 games to zero. To expert observers, the rout was stunning. Pure reinforcement learning would seem to be no match for the overwhelming number of possibilities in Go, which is vastly more complex than chess: You’d have expected AlphaGo Zero to spend forever searching blindly for a decent strategy. Instead, it rapidly found its way to superhuman abilities. The efficiency of the learning process owes to a feedback loop. Like its predecessor, AlphaGo Zero determines what move to play through a process called a “tree search.” The program starts with the current board and considers the possible moves. It then considers what moves its opponent could play in each of the resulting boards, and then the moves it could play in response and so on, creating a branching tree diagram that simulates different combinations of play resulting in different board setups. Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter (Submit) Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. DeepMind AlphaGo Zero can’t follow every branch of the tree all the way through, since that would require inordinate computing power. Instead, it selectively prunes branches by deciding which paths seem most promising. It makes that calculation — of which paths to prune — based on what it has learned in earlier play about the moves and overall board setups that lead to wins. Earlier versions of AlphaGo did all this, too. What’s novel about AlphaGo Zero is that instead of just running the tree search and making a move, it remembers the outcome of the tree search — and eventually of the game. It then uses that information to update its estimates of promising moves and the probability of winning from different positions. As a result, the next time it runs the tree search it can use its improved estimates, trained with the results of previous tree searches, to generate even better estimates of the best possible move. The computational strategy that underlies AlphaGo Zero is effective primarily in situations in which you have an extremely large number of possibilities and want to find the optimal one. In the Nature paper describing the research, the authors of AlphaGo Zero suggest that their system could be useful in materials exploration — where you want to identify atomic combinations that yield materials with different properties — and protein folding, where you want to understand how a protein’s precise three-dimensional structure determines its function. As for Go, the effects of AlphaGo Zero are likely to be seismic. To date, gaming companies have failed in their efforts to develop world-class Go software. AlphaGo Zero is likely to change that. Andrew Jackson, executive vice president of the American Go Association, thinks it won’t be long before Go apps appear on the market. This will change the way human Go players train. It will also make cheating easier. As for AlphaGo, the future is wide open. Go is sufficiently complex that there’s no telling how good a self-starting computer program can get; and AlphaGo now has a learning method to match the expansiveness of the game it was bred to play. [template] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter The Quanta Newsletter Get highlights of the most important news delivered to your email inbox ____________________ (Submit) Subscribe Most recent newsletter Comment on this article Quanta Magazine moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. 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MIT Technology Review (Submit) Menu * Topics + o Business Impact o Connectivity o Intelligent Machines o Rewriting Life o Sustainable Energy + o 10 Breakthrough Technologies o 35 Innovators Under 35 o 50 Smartest Companies + Views + Views from the Marketplace + The Possibility Report * The Download * Magazine * Events * More + Video + Special Publications + MIT News Magazine + Help/Support * Log in / Register * Subscribe * Log in / Register * Search * ____________________ Submit Click search or press enter [ma15-reviewsai.jpg?sw=1180&cx=0&cy=37&cw=2760&ch=1552] Intelligent Machines Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence A true AI might ruin the world—but that assumes it’s possible at all. * by Paul Ford * February 11, 2015 Computers are entrusted with control of complex systems. * * * * * * * Years ago I had coffee with a friend who ran a startup. He had just turned 40. His father was ill, his back was sore, and he found himself overwhelmed by life. “Don’t laugh at me,” he said, “but I was counting on the singularity.” My friend worked in technology; he’d seen the changes that faster microprocessors and networks had wrought. It wasn’t that much of a step for him to believe that before he was beset by middle age, the intelligence of machines would exceed that of humans—a moment that futurists call the singularity. A benevolent superintelligence might analyze the human genetic code at great speed and unlock the secret to eternal youth. At the very least, it might know how to fix your back. But what if it wasn’t so benevolent? Nick Bostrom, a philosopher who directs the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, describes the following scenario in his book Superintelligence, which has prompted a great deal of debate about the future of artificial intelligence. Imagine a machine that we might call a “paper-clip maximizer”—that is, a machine programmed to make as many paper clips as possible. Now imagine that this machine somehow became incredibly intelligent. Given its goals, it might then decide to create new, more efficient paper-clip-manufacturing machines—until, King Midas style, it had converted essentially everything to paper clips. [MA15cover.zoomedx1004.jpg?sw=180] This story is part of our March/April 2015 Issue See the rest of the issue Subscribe No worries, you might say: you could just program it to make exactly a million paper clips and halt. But what if it makes the paper clips and then decides to check its work? Has it counted correctly? It needs to become smarter to be sure. The superintelligent machine manufactures some as-yet-uninvented raw-computing material (call it “computronium”) and uses that to check each doubt. But each new doubt yields further digital doubts, and so on, until the entire earth is converted to computronium. Except for the million paper clips. Things Reviewed * “Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies” By Nick Bostrom Oxford University Press, 2014 Bostrom does not believe that the paper-clip maximizer will come to be, exactly; it’s a thought experiment, one designed to show how even careful system design can fail to restrain extreme machine intelligence. But he does believe that superintelligence could emerge, and while it could be great, he thinks it could also decide it doesn’t need humans around. Or do any number of other things that destroy the world. The title of chapter 8 is: “Is the default outcome doom?” If this sounds absurd to you, you’re not alone. Critics such as the robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks say that people who fear a runaway AI misunderstand what computers are doing when we say they’re thinking or getting smart. From this perspective, the putative superintelligence Bostrom describes is far in the future and perhaps impossible. Yet a lot of smart, thoughtful people agree with Bostrom and are worried now. Why? Volition The question “Can a machine think?” has shadowed computer science from its beginnings. Alan Turing proposed in 1950 that a machine could be taught like a child; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP, coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1955. As AI researchers in the 1960s and 1970s began to use computers to recognize images, translate between languages, and understand instructions in normal language and not just code, the idea that computers would eventually develop the ability to speak and think—and thus to do evil—bubbled into mainstream culture. Even beyond the oft-referenced HAL from 2001: A Space Odyssey, the 1970 movie Colossus: The Forbin Project featured a large blinking mainframe computer that brings the world to the brink of nuclear destruction; a similar theme was explored 13 years later in WarGames. The androids of 1973’s Westworld went crazy and started killing. Extreme AI predictions are “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines… and jumping to the conclusion that the warp drives are just around the corner,” Rodney Brooks writes. When AI research fell far short of its lofty goals, funding dried up to a trickle, beginning long “AI winters.” Even so, the torch of the intelligent machine was carried forth in the 1980s and ’90s by sci-fi authors like Vernor Vinge, who popularized the concept of the singularity; researchers like the roboticist Hans Moravec, an expert in computer vision; and the engineer/entrepreneur Ray Kurzweil, author of the 1999 book The Age of Spiritual Machines. Whereas Turing had posited a humanlike intelligence, Vinge, Moravec, and Kurzweil were thinking bigger: when a computer became capable of independently devising ways to achieve goals, it would very likely be capable of introspection—and thus able to modify its software and make itself more intelligent. In short order, such a computer would be able to design its own hardware. As Kurzweil described it, this would begin a beautiful new era. Such machines would have the insight and patience (measured in picoseconds) to solve the outstanding problems of nanotechnology and spaceflight; they would improve the human condition and let us upload our consciousness into an immortal digital form. Intelligence would spread throughout the cosmos. You can also find the exact opposite of such sunny optimism. Stephen Hawking has warned that because people would be unable to compete with an advanced AI, it “could spell the end of the human race.” Upon reading Superintelligence, the entrepreneur Elon Musk tweeted: “Hope we’re not just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence. Unfortunately, that is increasingly probable.” Musk then followed with a $10 million grant to the Future of Life Institute. Not to be confused with Bostrom’s center, this is an organization that says it is “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity,” the ones that could arise “from the development of human-level artificial intelligence.” No one is suggesting that anything like superintelligence exists now. In fact, we still have nothing approaching a general-purpose artificial intelligence or even a clear path to how it could be achieved. Recent advances in AI, from automated assistants such as Apple’s Siri to Google’s driverless cars, also reveal the technology’s severe limitations; both can be thrown off by situations that they haven’t encountered before. Artificial neural networks can learn for themselves to recognize cats in photos. But they must be shown hundreds of thousands of examples and still end up much less accurate at spotting cats than a child. This is where skeptics such as Brooks, a founder of iRobot and Rethink Robotics, come in. Even if it’s impressive—relative to what earlier computers could manage—for a computer to recognize a picture of a cat, the machine has no volition, no sense of what cat-ness is or what else is happening in the picture, and none of the countless other insights that humans have. In this view, AI could possibly lead to intelligent machines, but it would take much more work than people like Bostrom imagine. And even if it could happen, intelligence will not necessarily lead to sentience. Extrapolating from the state of AI today to suggest that superintelligence is looming is “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines appearing and jumping to the conclusion that warp drives are just around the corner,” Brooks wrote recently on Edge.org. “Malevolent AI” is nothing to worry about, he says, for a few hundred years at least. Insurance policy Even if the odds of a superintelligence arising are very long, perhaps it’s irresponsible to take the chance. One person who shares Bostrom’s concerns is Stuart J. Russell, a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Russell is the author, with Peter Norvig (a peer of Kurzweil’s at Google), of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, which has been the standard AI textbook for two decades. “There are a lot of supposedly smart public intellectuals who just haven’t a clue,” Russell told me. He pointed out that AI has advanced tremendously in the last decade, and that while the public might understand progress in terms of Moore’s Law (faster computers are doing more), in fact recent AI work has been fundamental, with techniques like deep learning laying the groundwork for computers that can automatically increase their understanding of the world around them. Bostrom’s book proposes ways to align computers with human needs. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. Because Google, Facebook, and other companies are actively looking to create an intelligent, “learning” machine, he reasons, “I would say that one of the things we ought not to do is to press full steam ahead on building superintelligence without giving thought to the potential risks. It just seems a bit daft.” Russell made an analogy: “It’s like fusion research. If you ask a fusion researcher what they do, they say they work on containment. If you want unlimited energy you’d better contain the fusion reaction.” Similarly, he says, if you want unlimited intelligence, you’d better figure out how to align computers with human needs. Bostrom’s book is a research proposal for doing so. A superintelligence would be godlike, but would it be animated by wrath or by love? It’s up to us (that is, the engineers). Like any parent, we must give our child a set of values. And not just any values, but those that are in the best interest of humanity. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. How to proceed? Bostrom draws heavily on an idea from a thinker named Eliezer Yudkowsky, who talks about “coherent extrapolated volition”—the consensus-derived “best self” of all people. AI would, we hope, wish to give us rich, happy, fulfilling lives: fix our sore backs and show us how to get to Mars. And since humans will never fully agree on anything, we’ll sometimes need it to decide for us—to make the best decisions for humanity as a whole. How, then, do we program those values into our (potential) superintelligences? What sort of mathematics can define them? These are the problems, Bostrom believes, that researchers should be solving now. Bostrom says it is “the essential task of our age.” For the civilian, there’s no reason to lose sleep over scary robots. We have no technology that is remotely close to superintelligence. Then again, many of the largest corporations in the world are deeply invested in making their computers more intelligent; a true AI would give any one of these companies an unbelievable advantage. They also should be attuned to its potential downsides and figuring out how to avoid them. This somewhat more nuanced suggestion—without any claims of a looming AI-mageddon—is the basis of an open letter on the website of the Future of Life Institute, the group that got Musk’s donation. Rather than warning of existential disaster, the letter calls for more research into reaping the benefits of AI “while avoiding potential pitfalls.” This letter is signed not just by AI outsiders such as Hawking, Musk, and Bostrom but also by prominent computer scientists (including Demis Hassabis, a top AI researcher). You can see where they’re coming from. After all, if they develop an artificial intelligence that doesn’t share the best human values, it will mean they weren’t smart enough to control their own creations. Paul Ford, a freelance writer in New York, wrote about Bitcoin in March/April 2014. Time is running out to register for EmTech Digital. You don’t want to miss expert discussions on AI. Learn more and register (Submit) (Submit) Share * * * * * * * Tagged AI, artificial intelligence Credit Illustration by Jacob Escobedo Paul Ford Paul Ford is a writer and computer programmer who lives in Brooklyn. He is writing a book of essays about Web pages. READ COMMENTS Please read our commenting guidelines. Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. 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Log in for two more free articles, or subscribe now for unlimited online access. [google_s_ai_made_some_pretty_huge_leaps_this_week.html&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj =1] Quantcast #Future Tense (RSS 2.0) Slate Sign In Sign Up Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Slate Sign In Sign Up ASU | NEW AMERICA | SLATE Learn more about Future Tense » Slate Future Tense Future Tense The Citizen's Guide to the Future Oct. 18 2017 6:51 PM Google’s A.I. Has Made Some Pretty Huge Leaps This Week By Christina Bonnington Lee Se-Dol. AlphaGo has come a ways since it started beating humans. Google via Getty Images When DeepMind’s AlphaGo artificial intelligence defeated Lee Sedol, the Korean Go champion, for the first time last year, it stunned the world. Many, including Sedol himself, didn’t expect an AI to have mastered the complicated board game, but it won four out of five matches—proving it could compete with the best human players. More than a year has passed, and today’s AlphaGo makes last year’s version seem positively quaint. Google’s latest AI efforts push beyond the limitations of their human developers. Its artificial intelligence algorithms are teaching themselves how to code and how to play the intricate, yet easy-to-learn ancient board game Go. Advertisement This has been quite the week for the company. On Monday, researchers announced that Google’s project AutoML had successfully taught itself to program machine learning software on its own. While it’s limited to basic programming tasks, the code AutoML created was, in some cases, better than the code written by its human counterparts. In a program designed to identify objects in a picture, the AI-created algorithm achieved a 43 percent success rate at the task. The human-developed code, by comparison, only scored 39 percent on the task. On Wednesday, in a paper published in the journal Nature, DeepMind researchers revealed another remarkable achievement. The newest version of its Go-playing algorithm, dubbed AlphaGo Zero, was not only better than the original AlphaGo, which defeated the world’s best human player in May. This version had taught itself how to play the game. All on its own, given only the basic rules of the game. (The original, by comparison, learned from a database of 100,000 Go games.) According to Google’s researchers, AlphaGo Zero has achieved superhuman-level performance: It won 100–0 against its champion predecessor, AlphaGo. But DeepMind’s developments go beyond just playing a board game exceedingly well. There are important implications that could positively impact AI in the near future. “By not using human data—by not using human expertise in any fashion—we’ve actually removed the constraints of human knowledge,” AlphaGo Zero’s lead programmer, David Silver, said at a press conference. Advertisement Until now, modern AIs have largely relied on learning from vast data sets. The bigger the data set, the better. What AlphaGo Zero and AutoML prove is that a successful AI doesn’t necessarily need those human-supplied data sets—it can teach itself. This could be important in the face of our current consumer-facing AI mess. Written by human programmers and taught on human-supplied data, algorithms (such as the ones Google and Facebook use to suggest articles you should read) are subject to the same defects as their human overlords. Without that human interference and influence, future AI’s could be far superior to what we’re seeing employed in the wild today. A dataset can be flawed or skewed—for example, a facial recognition algorithm that has trouble with black faces because their white programmers didn’t feed it a diverse enough set of images. AI, teaching itself, wouldn’t inherently be sexist or racist, or suffer from those kinds of unconscious biases. In the case of AlphaGo Zero, its reinforcement-based learning is also good news for the computational power of advanced AI networks. Early AlphaGo versions operated on 48 Google-built TPUs. AlphaGo Zero works on only four. It’s far more efficient and practical than its predecessors. Paired with AutoML’s ability to develop its own machine learning algorithms, this could seriously speed up the pace of DeepMind’s AI-related discoveries. And while playing the game of Go may seem like a silly endeavor for an AI, it actually makes a lot of sense. AlphaGo Zero has to sort through a lot of complicated information to decide what moves to make in a game. (There are approximately 10^170 positions you can make on a Go board.) As DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis told the Verge, AlphaGo Zero could be reprogrammed to sort through other kinds of data instead. This could include particle physics, quantum chemistry, or drug discovery. Like with playing Go, AlphaGo Zero could end up uncovering new techniques humans have overlooked or come to conclusions we hadn’t yet explored. There’s a lot of reason to fear AI, but DeepMind’s AI’s aren’t programming themselves to destroy the human race. They’re programming themselves in a way that will shift some of the tedium off of human developers’ shoulders and look at problems and data sets in a fresh new light. It’s astonishing to think how far AI has come in just the past few years, but it’s clear from this week that progress is going to come even faster now. Future Tense is a partnership of Slate, New America, and Arizona State University. Christina Bonnington is a technology writer whose work has appeared in Wired, Refinery29, the Daily Dot, and elsewhere. (Submit) Load Comments Powered by Livefyre Slate Sign In Sign Up [s?eid=2ca7ac88-8963-4abf-acff-c1114097be96] FOLLOW SLATE * Twitter * Facebook * Instagram SLATE ON * IPHONE * ANDROID * KINDLE * Reprints * Advertise with us * ABOUT US * CONTACT US * WORK WITH US * USER AGREEMENT * PRIVACY POLICY * FAQ * FEEDBACK * CORRECTIONS Slate Group Panoply Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents © 2018 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved. Slate Slate Sign In Sign Up #alternate Latest News * Dow 25,803 +228.46 +0.89% * Nasdaq 7,261 +49.28 +0.68% * S&P 500 2,786 +18.68 +0.67% * 5:17 P.M. ET North, South Korea to meet again Monday to discuss Winter Olympics (Submit) (Submit) * 5:14 P.M. ET Updated MSNBC’s Joy Reid told ‘just move to Haiti’ amid furor over Trump’s alleged remarks (Submit) (Submit) * 5:06 P.M. 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Home Investing Stocks Jeff Reeves's Strength in Numbers Get email alerts Opinion: These 3 stocks are smart bets on the artificial intelligence revolution By Jeff Reeves Published: Oct 19, 2017 7:49 a.m. ET Share (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) Alphabet, IBM, and robotics ETF poised to profit from technological change [MW-EB362_i_robo_20151216095927_ZH.jpg?uuid=9a20866a-a405-11e5-8622-001 5c588e0f6] Everett Collection [jeffReeves_100.png] By JeffReeves Columnist “Artificial intelligence” is a misunderstood term, thanks in part to dystopian views of the technology across pop culture — from the iconic Terminator to Cylons in Battlestar Galactica to HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey. In reality, most scientists working on artificial intelligence aren’t trying to simulate true human intelligence at all. They are simply trying to create practical machines capable of analyzing data and making decisions to achieve a goal. Case in point — Salesforce.com CRM, +1.04% has a valuable artificial intelligence application called Einstein that it provides to clients. This AI engine helps marketing and sales teams by suggesting which customers are the most valuable, and which products they are most likely to buy. Not only is that a far-less sinister example of AI, it’s also exemplary of how businesses can use this technology to create serious profits. Salesforce stock, for example, is up 40% year-to-date compared with less than 15% for the broader S&P 500 SPX, +0.67% . In fact, the most practical applications of artificial intelligence are side-by-side with Big Data and cloud-computing applications that many investors are already familiar with. Think of artificial intelligence as just the natural next step now that we’ve created all this data — something has to make sense of it. For example, retailers have been trying for years to harness the predictive power of your shopping habits in order to put offers in front of you. Case-in-point: A now-infamous story about TGT, +3.78% investing in how to predict when a customer was (or soon would become) pregnant. While fears of the robot apocalypse may never completely disappear from pop culture, the business case for AI is clear in this age of information. The only question is who will provide the artificial intelligence engines of the future, and which companies and investors will profit. If you’re interested in playing this emerging-tech trend, here are three AI plays to consider: Alphabet Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, +1.67% GOOG, +1.51% made a splash a few years ago as it seemed to be diving into deep machine learning with the acquisition of DNNresearch, DeepMind Technologies, and JetPac among others. The flurry of acquisitions in 2013 and 2014 made waves at the time, and in the near term were seen as incrementally improving areas of Google’s internet business, such as improving search or providing better bidding on ad rates. But the tech giant hasn’t taken its eye off the ball in the intervening years, and overlooking its long-term commitment to AI would be a mistake. Just like it has cemented its role in the smartphone ecosystem with its Android operating system, Google is pushing hard to share its open-source TensorFlow machine learning software with developers and companies of all sizes While many companies like Amazon.com AMZN, +2.23% are using AI internally to improve customer experience or to create products like voice assistant Alexa, Google has opened up the gates and is welcoming the world into its AI ecosystem. We’ve seen this blueprint before, where Google was happy to allow a community of smart, driven experts to help it build Android to be a world leader in mobile software. You could do worse than bet they would do the same thing with their artificial intelligence platform. Sure, there’s no material profits yet. But if AI becomes the next big Google platform, running the systems in homes and cars the way Android runs tablets and phones, Alphabet will surely find a way to capitalize on that in the years ahead. IBM The opposite of Google’s approach is the proprietary Watson system created by International Business Machines Corp. IBM, -0.65% Many Americans are most familiar with Watson for its trivia skills displayed on television show “Jeopardy.” But aside from quirky PR stunts, the supercomputer has found a role performing much more practical tasks in recent years. Since 2013, for example, Watson has been in use at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York to help oncologists make the best decisions based on mountains of medical records and real-life diagnoses. And last January a Japanese insurance firm became so reliant on Watson’s actuarial skills that it laid off a few dozen human employees. IBM has married a powerful machine learning interface with its existing enterprise tech operation, selling Watson’s AI under the “software-as-a-service model” that has been so profitable for cloud computing firms in recent years. It’s a natural iteration for IBM’s business — and a necessary one, too, as the struggling technology giant sees persistent revenue headwinds and increasingly is looking to both the cloud and artificial intelligence results to boost performance. The company just reported its 22nd consecutive quarter of revenue declines, though it did beat on profits thanks in part to 20% growth in its cloud division. When you marry the strategic imperatives of cloud and AI with the existing scale and reach of IBM, it’s hard to imagine that the company will not be a serious play in AI for years to come. Furthermore, a 10-year partnership with MIT launched this year will all but ensure a generation of eager engineers come into the American workforce with ready skills to deploy Watson at their workplaces. This is not as sexy or as grandiose as Google’s plan to democratize AI and spread it around the world. But for investors, the appeal is IBM’s bright line between this emerging technology and near-term profit potential. Robotics and AI ETF If you’re unwilling to pick a winner in the race for artificial intelligence applications, I don’t blame you. Emerging technologies are not just hard to fully understand, but they are tumultuous businesses where upstarts can come out of nowhere and leaders can fall from grace. That’s where the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF BOTZ, +1.59% comes in. This unique and diversified ETF invests in companies “that potentially stand to benefit from increased adoption and utilization of robotics and artificial intelligence.” Because this spans all applications, it makes for an intriguing portfolio. Top holdings now include Nvidia Corp. NVDA, -0.49% for its leading Drive PX platform that can power self-driving cars, Japanese “smart factory” supplier Omron Corp. OMRNY, +0.78% and medical robotics company Cyberdyne CYBQY, -3.09% to name a few. The most interesting thing about these holdings is that they aren’t nebulous plays on some general AI theme and the hope of machine learning on a grand scale. Most are profiting now with targeted business models that marry automation and AI to produce real-world results. For this strategy the ETF charges a rather modest 0.68% expense ratio, or $68 annually on $10,000 invested. That seems a small price to pay for a diversified and thoughtful basket of potential AI winners. MarketWatch Partner Center * * * Data Provided By [bankrate.svg] Today's Interest Rates Mortgage Equity Savings Auto Credit Cards 1. 30 yr fixed Jumbo 4.28% 2. 30 yr fixed 3.96% 3. 15 yr fixed 3.31% 4. 10 yr fixed 3.23% 5. 30 yr fixed refi 3.94% 6. 15 yr fixed refi 3.28% 7. 5/1 ARM 3.9% 8. 5/1 ARM refi 3.9% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. $30K HELOC 3.79% 2. $50K HELOC 3.82% 3. $75K HELOC 3.79% 4. $100K HELOC 3.82% 5. $30K Home Equity Loan 4.92% 6. $50K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 7. $75K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 8. $100K Home Equity Loan 4.53% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 5 yr CD 1.52% 2. 2 yr CD 0.95% 3. 1 yr CD 0.85% 4. MMA $10K+ 0.31% 5. MMA $50K+ 0.46% 6. MMA Savings 0.34% 7. MMA Savings Jumbo 0.5% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 60 Mo Used Car 3.45% 2. 48 Mo Used Car 3.39% 3. 36 Mo Used Car 3.49% 4. 72 Mo New Car 3.45% 5. 60 Mo New Car 3.58% 6. 48 Mo New Car 3.26% 7. 60 Mo Auto Refi 2.82% 8. 36 Mo Auto Refi 2.26% National averages from Bankrate.com Avg. APR Last Week 6 Months Low Interest 13.08% 13.07% 12.88% Business 13.91% 13.87% 13.87% Balance Transfer 15.56% 15.55% 15.31% Student 15.92% 15.92% 15.14% Airline 16.26% 16.25% 15.99% Reward 16.41% 16.40% 16.15% Cash Back 16.56% 16.55% 16.26% Instant Approval 18.74% 18.74% 18.51% Bad Credit 23.59% 23.59% 23.43% Source: CreditCards.com Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. We Want to Hear from You How are you investing in AI? 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Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements. (Submit) ____________________ Advanced Search Stocks Columns Authors Topics No results found Salesforce.com Inc. U.S.: NYSE: CRM $110.24 +1.14 (+1.04%) Volume 5.1M Open $109.23 High $110.71 Low $108.91 P/E Ratio 11024 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 79.6B S&P 500 Index S&P Base CME: SPX 2,786.24 +18.68 (+0.67%) Volume 2.1B Open 2,770 High 2,788 Low 2,770 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A Target Corp. U.S.: NYSE: TGT $76.80 +2.80 (+3.78%) Volume 14.6M Open $74.54 High $77.00 Low $74.45 P/E Ratio 16.07 Div Yield 3.23 Market Cap 41.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl A U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOGL $1,130.65 +18.60 (+1.67%) Volume 1.9M Open $1,110 High $1,131 Low $1,108 P/E Ratio 37.78 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl C U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOG $1,122.26 +16.74 (+1.51%) Volume 1.7M Open $1,102 High $1,124 Low $1,101 P/E Ratio 37.5 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Amazon.com Inc. 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ADR U.S.: OTC: CYBQY $16.95 -0.54 (-3.09%) Volume 10145 Open $16.59 High $16.95 Low $16.59 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A #Recode IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8JKW6 * * * Log In or Sign Up * Log In * Sign Up (Submit) * Trending * Topics * Writers * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 * More ____________________ Search * Trending * Topics + Charts + Commerce + Cybersecurity + Future of Work + Media + Policy + Social + Transportation + Voices * Writers + Kara Swisher + Dan Frommer + Peter Kafka + Edmund Lee + Johana Bhuiyan + Jason Del Rey + Shirin Ghaffary + Eric Johnson + Rani Molla + Tony Romm + Theodore Schleifer + Kurt Wagner * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 (BUTTON) ✕ * Policy * Artificial Intelligence Tech giants studying artificial intelligence are enlisting an Obama veteran as their new leader Terah Lyons is now the founding executive director of the Partnership for AI By Tony Romm@TonyRomm Oct 19, 2017, 12:00pm EDT * tweet * share * Linkedin [Terah_L___JCo_Studios__2238.0.jpg] Terah Lyons Terah Lyons An artificial intelligence research-and-policy organization set up by Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other tech giants is tapping the Obama administration’s former AI expert as its new leader. Terah Lyons will now serve as the founding executive director at the Partnership for AI, a group that seeks to study the impact of powerful algorithms and machine learning on jobs and the economy — while addressing potential regulatory issues along the way. Five companies — Amazon, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and IBM — formed the nonprofit in 2016, and tech giants like Apple joined it soon after. Currently, the partnership also counts among its ranks about 50 consumer groups, privacy advocates, tech-focused academics and others, some of whom have expressed concerns that AI could threaten privacy or contribute to discrimination. Together, though, they’re all set to meet in Berlin next week. Lyons, for her part, arrives at the AI consortium after working as a tech policy fellow at the Mozilla Foundation. Before that, she served under former President Barack Obama, advising the White House’s work to study the use and effects of artificial intelligence. A capstone of that effort was a 2016 report that explored the power of robotics, neural networks and machine-learning tools in everything from self-driving cars to precision medicine, along with a series of recommendations for how to tackle regulatory challenges posed by AI. __________________________________________________________________ Subscribe to the Recode newsletter Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. More From Recode * People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting * Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES * Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ * Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter * People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way * Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ Trending 1. Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. 2. People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. 3. Airbnb’s CEO is promoting home rentals in places Trump reportedly labeled ‘shithole countries’ The tweets came a day after Trump’s immigration discussion with lawmakers. More in Trending Recode Daily Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. This Article has a component height of 6. The sidebar size is medium. The Latest People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. By Theodore Schleifer Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. By Ben Bajarin Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ They’re back! By Theodore Schleifer Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. By Jason Del Rey Chorus * Terms of Use * Privacy Policy * Communications Preferences * Contact * Send Us a Tip * Masthead * Sponsorships * Podcasts * Newsletters * RSS A Verge affiliate site Vox Media Advertise with us Jobs @ Vox Media All Systems Operational Check out our status page for more details. 2017 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved * tweet * share Log In * * * * * share Trending Leadership #NewTech Leadership #NewTech Oct 15, 2017 @ 01:10 AM Who's Afraid Of Artificial Intelligence? * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) [3a9af86a86c09b14162da98cfee25dcf?s=400&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g] Shellie Karabell , Contributor I cover leadership - people, politics & policy - from a European view. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. [960x0.jpg?fit=scale] Can artificial intelligence replace the human brain?Will it? What role for humans in the future? (Photo credit: Shutterstock) “Humans were are not built to spend more than two hours looking at a screen or scrolling through excel sheets. Humans are best at being human. Artificial Intelligence will do the rest.” Telling words from Jim Stolze, Co-founder of aigency — an Amsterdam-based company that recruits AI and humans for work. Kind of an employment company run by three humans overseeing 59 robots (actually computers working on algorithms created at the University of Amsterdam to solve problems). Stolze was addressing reporters in StartUp Village at the Amsterdam Science Park on the sidelines of the first World Summit AI in Amsterdam October 11-12. A tech entrepreneur and former ambassador for TED.com, setting up TED events all over Europe and the Middle East, Stolze founded aigency four years ago as “the network that connects data-sets with algorithms, business with talent.” In case it’s not obvious, the “aigency” is a reference to “artificial intelligence.” Job Crusher? “You have to think of AI as job augmentation, not job displacement,” Stolze continues. “Work will create work.” Heineken and Unilever are big customers, turning to aigency for specific problems; Stolze in turn hooks them up with researchers and even students from the University of Amsterdam. “You’ll find six thousand people are still working in an autonomous car factory,” he claims. Automation has been a staple in heavy manufacturing for decades. Now it’s moving into the white-collar arena. “Procurement,” says Stolze, is a big area. “Here’s a guy in procurement who gets an invoice for something; he can’t figure out what it’s for or which department has to pay it. He spends hours or even days running around from department to department trying to figure out what to do with this invoice. Meanwhile the vendor is waiting for his money. With AI you can scan the invoice and the algorithm will pinpoint or at least narrow down what the invoice is for and whose department should be charged.” Outside of the back office, most of us are already dealing with AI and bots without knowing it. Retail sites’ chat rooms are bots, calling on humans when customer questions become too complicated or personal. Marketers, for example. Chances are the subject lines of most of the emails you open from companies weren’t written by humans. It’s called “language optimization.” “We apply our own cognitive bias in writing,” says Parry Malm, a speaker at the World Summit AI and CEO of Phrasee, a UK-based company whose vision is “to supercharge digital marketing using artificial intelligence.” Phrasee counts Domino’s Pizza among its clients. Malm “AI takes it out, so there’s no more guess work in using marketing language. The algorithm figures out the best wording to attract targeted customers. Malm claims Domino’s email open rate increased 27% using AI and language optimization. Unfathomable Data There is a lot to be gained by adopting AI Research by Accenture predicts that by 2035, labor productivity will have risen by 40%, and corporate profitability by 38% due to AI alone. Indeed, industry statistics indicate some 88% of companies today are undergoing some kind of digital transformation. But it appears that the result thus far has been heaps of unfathomable data: answers looking for questions. “Companies have hammers but no nails,” Malm says about the data dilemma. “First you have to define your problem – what you want to know – and then you can figure out which technological resources can fix it.” S. Karabell October 11, 2017, Amsterdam NL - Robotics at the WorldSummitAI in Amsterdam. (photo credit: S. Karabell) Getting to know how AI functions and what problems can be solved by technology is key to using automation in your own business. Meanwhile, Malm sees an investment bubble in AI looming. “A lot of venture capitalists are throwing a lot of money at AI startups,” he claims, adding that he sees a lot of consolidation in the field coming. “Very few enterprises are making it because they won’t or can’t solve problems [in tackling corporate objectives]; instead, they’re just creating more problems.” As Stolze says, “Scared people are using AI the wrong way. We have to remember that while execution may be through machines, the responsibility still remains with humans. “ Take self-driving cars, which Stolze does not foresee for many years. “People ask ‘what should the car do?’ when they should be asking ‘What should the human do?’” That question has far-reaching implication. What, indeed should humans do once AI moves beyond purely logical functions — such as figuring out where that mysterious invoice came from and where it belongs? What happens when AI starts to become creative? “Rationality is a muscle,” claims Vadim Grigoryan, a marketer specializing in corporate art projects, who lectures on brands and art at his MBA alma mater, the INSEAD Business School in Fontainebleau - when he’s not helping businesses, such as spirits start-ups and perfume companies engage with art projects. “We will soon be outsourcing all our Cartesian capacities,” he adds, referring to the doyen of French logic, Renee Descartes. As an example, he points out, “Kids in schools today us calculators to work out math problems they don’t do them in their heads.” AI Will Redefine Us Grigoryan believes we’re put off by the idea of AI because it re-defines who we are – the latest in a process of chipping away at the human ego beginning with Copernicus and the discovery that the sun did not revolve around the earth; continuing through Darwin and the origin of the species, through Freud and the realization that our subconscious is more powerful than our rational side. “Everything that is not rational therefore will become more important for the future of humans,” he opines. That means the suppressed areas of our subconscious will come into play and become more visible — areas that have been repressed, such as creativity culture, art. The process will become more important and we will become less goal-oriented; we will realize metaphorically that we must continue swimming without arriving anywhere.” To some people today, that would seem to be treading water — the antithesis of what AI and its streamlined efficiency seems to have been designed to do. After all, that man in the procurement office who doesn’t have to spend hours running from office to office to settle a mysterious invoice won’t want to be using that saved time to tread water. Nor will his boss. Does he have shorter workdays? Or will he have currently un-imaginable jobs created as an offshoot of all those algorithms? For example, could mankind have explored space and put a man on the moon without Copernicus? All those unknown and presently unanswerable questions mean it’s important to pay attention to how we handle the AI juggernaut steadily advancing into human space. Says Stolze, “The better the choices we make now, the better things will be in 40 years.” Follow me on Twitter @sckarabell1 * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * Print * Website Feedback * News Tip * Report Corrections * Reprints & Permissions #publisher Skip to main content Science * Home * News * Journals * Topics * Careers Search _______________ (Submit) Search Search _______________ (Submit) Search [_] * Log in * My account * Contact us Current Issue Cover Become a member * Renew my subscription * Sign up for newsletters Science AAAS . * * * * * Authors * Members * Librarians * Advertisers * Home + Recent Videos + Latest Podcasts + Photo Galleries + Dance Your Ph.D. Contest + Data Stories Contest * News + Latest News + ScienceInsider + ScienceShots + Sifter + From the Magazine + About News + Quizzes * Journals + Science + Science Advances + Science Immunology + Science Robotics + Science Signaling + Science Translational Medicine * Topics + All Topics + Special Issues + Custom Publishing * Careers + Articles + Find Jobs + Career Resources + Forum + For Employers + Employer Profiles + Graduate Programs + Advertising Features + About Careers * Search _______________ (Submit) Search Share [Eric%20Lander.jpg?itok=Od394VBl] Eric Lander in 2012 Adam Fagen (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows By Dalmeet Singh ChawlaOct. 17, 2017 , 4:20 PM Eric Lander, president and founding director of the Broad Institute and a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, is the most influential biomedical researcher of the modern era, according to a computer program. Lander, a geneticist and mathematician, ranks first on a new list of top biomedical researchers produced by the scientific literature search tool Semantic Scholar. Semantic Scholar, launched in 2015, is an academic search engine aiming to tackle the problem of information overload. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help users sift through huge numbers of scientific papers and understand (to a limited extent) their content. The free tool was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), a nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, that was co-founded in 2014 by Microsoft Co-Founder Paul Allen. Semantic Scholar’s archive of searchable literature initially focused on computer science, and last year expanded to include neuroscience. Today, it is expanding again, to include the millions of biomedical research papers indexed by PubMed and other sources; overall, Semantic Scholar’s archive is now approaching 40 million papers. Last year, Semantic Scholar’s programmers also added functionality that allows it to measure the influence of researchers and organizations, based on what they call “highly influential citations”—which takes into account the context around citations, excluding any self-citations—and other information. In April 2016, the tool ranked computer scientists, and when its corpus was expanded to neuroscience in November 2016, it was also used to judge the most influential brain scientists. Now, Semantic Scholar is ranking biomedical researchers. Here’s the list of the top 10, provided to ScienceInsider: 1. Eric Lander, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (biology) 2. Karl Friston, University College London (neuroscience) 3. Raymond Dolan, University College London (neuroscience) 4. Shizuo Akira, Osaka University (immunology) 5. David Botstein, Calico (biology) 6. Dennis Smith, Pfizer (pharmacokinetics) 7. Eugene Koonin, National Center for Biotechnology Information (biology) 8. Walter Willett, Harvard School of Public Health (epidemiology) 9. Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (genetics) 10. Bert Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins Medical School (oncology) (Friston and Dolan, neuroscientists who hold the second and third spots on the list, respectively, also held the top two positions on Semantic Scholar’s list of most influential neuroscientists.) The absence of women on the list has drawn attention on social media, with some researchers wondering if the result reflected a bias in Semantic Scholar’s ranking algorithm, or is another expression of long-documented differences in gender representation in the biomedical sciences and scientific publishing. In a statement, AI2’s Marie Hagman, a senior product manager who oversees Semantic Scholar, said: "I think the fact that there are no women in the Top 10 authors by the highly influential citation analysis done by AI2 is spotlighting the well-reported problem of publication bias in science and in the context of the current global conversation on gender. It's encouraging to see that people are paying more attention to this issue, as the all-male list last year didn't receive this kind of buzz." Information overload With scientific literature doubling roughly every 9 years, keeping up is becoming increasingly difficult, Hagman says. There’s “a ton of information trapped in these articles and we want to bring it to life,” she says. “We think there are potential cures or ways to improve or save human lives that may be buried away in a PDF somewhere.” Semantic Scholar gets used on average a million times each month, Hagman says. Ultimately, she hopes that the tool can go even further in the content it extracts, perhaps by even suggesting hypotheses for researchers to test. And she envisions the tool pulling data and comparing similar experiments from different papers. “An automated meta-analysis is certainly something we believe is on the horizon,” Hagman says. One limitation of the tool is that it can’t trawl paywalled papers. Hagman notes, however, that her group is negotiating with publishers for varying levels of access. Many other academic search engines, such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, already exist. And any of these search tools will do the job for those who are experts in a particular field and know what they are looking for, Hagman says. But for those exploring connections between different fields or looking into new areas, she believes no other tool provides the “discovery experience” offered by Semantic Scholar. Randy Olson, an AI researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), says Semantic Scholar is “far more useful” than Google Scholar. “Could Semantic Scholar’s AI piece together that a relatively unimportant discovery in one field is a groundbreaking solution to a major challenge in another field?” he asks. “Only time will tell, but I’m optimistic.” But in the future, “general purpose search engines may become so advanced that there’s no need for academic engines,” notes Daniel Himmelstein, a data scientist at UPenn. “It’s going to be hard to beat search engines trained on decades of searches across the entire web at information retrieval.” *Update, 19 October, 3:22 p.m.: This story has been updated to include a comment from AI2 on the lack of women in the top 10 list of influential biomedical researchers. *Correction, 19 October, 3:47 p.m.: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that there was one woman on the top 10 list. There are none. 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03:30 AM文/陈劲禾, 苏德铭来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的 使用，提高生产力、创造新产品。 我国将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、研究机构、起步公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识、制造有用的工具，以及培养人才，以把握数码经济的增长 机遇。 新加坡国立研究基金会推出“新加坡全国人工智能核心”（AI.SG）计划，结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的使用。 通讯及新闻部长雅国博士昨日在创新科技展（Innovfest Unbound）的开幕仪式上致词时，宣布上述消息。 未来五年，国立研究基金会将为AI.SG拨款1亿5000万元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高 生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工技能方案的商业化。初步目标是在五年内促成100项这类方案，并会先着重于城市管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 雅国博士举例说，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境（augmented reality），让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加强医护人员的培训。 成立联合平台 推动数据科技应用 与企业合作方面，AI.SG将举办交流活动与编程马拉松（hackathon），同企业乃至个人一起为现实生活中的问题寻找解决方案。 另外，它将营造一个创客空间（makerspace），通过共用资源与设施，促进人工智能相关企业与个人之间的交流与合作。 雅国昨天也宣布成立“新加坡数据科学联合平台”（Singapore Data Science Consortium），促进业界、高等学府及研究中心的数据科学研究，推动数据科技的应用。 他说：“人工智能与数据科学都是新加坡政府要创建及把握的前沿科技。长远来看，有关的投资将为所有国人增加经济机会。” AI.SG管理委员会由政府机构、研究机构及业界代表组成，新加坡国立大学常务副校长（研究与科技）兼陈振传百年纪念教授何德华担任执行主席。他也领导 新加坡数据科学联合平台。 何德华受访时说，希望国人不要过于担心人工智能会取代人类，减少就业机会。他说：“我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被 人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 昨日于滨海湾金沙举行的创新科技展吸引了1万多名与会者，以及350家科技业者参展。 其中，参展的智能复健起步公司FlexoSense发明了一种压力感应器，可安装在糖尿病患者的鞋垫上，测量病患是否在脚底的溃疡处施加过多的压力。 若情况控制不当，糖尿病足部溃疡可导致截肢，本地每五名截肢的病患就有一人于一年内死亡。 公司联合创办人谢丽萍受访时说，感应器的使用普及后，收集到的数据可通过人工智能进一步发展成预测溃疡发作可能性的科技，好让医护人员及时提供预防溃疡 的意见。 她说：“一些医院已对我们的科技表示兴趣。它们都说，这个科技将颠覆目前的作业方式。” (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 人工智能产业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 * 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 * 女邻被狗咬 指狗主拒赔 狗主：警调查中 * 全身73%烧伤 工人毁容不丧志 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 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[zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 路透社 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 饮者将每一次品尝葡萄酒后的味道记录在人工智能软件里，从不停累积的数据建立饮者的品味模型。（Docurbs提供） 　　人工智能软件记录并分析消费者的品酒喜好，这些数据可用在建立饮者类别的感官模型，让生产商洞悉哪些味道刺激饮者感官。然而，人工智能无法预测一瓶 葡萄酒的成长结果，机器也无法取代专业侍酒师的味蕾，以及传达品酒文化。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 * 文学讲座接踵登场 * 诗 扩大文字语言的可能性 * 新上架 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 2017城市小贩美食 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * 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(BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能产业 银行业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 金融业纠纷调解中心 接获投诉减少18％ * 集团董事经理陈怀丹： 新海逸要抓住进场购地好时机 * 了解债券到期日与票息率 * 海峡时报指数 ST Index 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 人工智能 人工智能 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 中国著名资深媒体人杨澜为纪录片《探寻人工智能》，走访20多个城市，采访80多位专家。在探索旅程结束时，她认为人类智能多元丰富，人工智能要在这部 分理解和运用自如，说不定永远也不会发生。 15/01/2018 (Submit) (Submit) 马化腾： 破解网络登录验证码 中国团伙技术水平领先全球 15/01/2018 南大虚拟导师系统让医学生获针对性指导 08/01/2018 虚拟实境让理工生熟悉业界新科技 08/01/2018 王元丰：教育如何应对人工智能等挑战 28/12/2017 谷歌在北京设人工智能研究中心 14/12/2017 国际 复杂的时代 最需要“复杂”的紫色？ 08/12/2017 专栏 阿果：不失浮萍之轻盈 29/11/2017 美国智库：中国人工智能技术 五年内可能追上美国 29/11/2017 新加坡 字述一年 2017：智 21/11/2017 国际 英国公路四年内将出现无人驾驶车 20/11/2017 * 更多 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 言论 想法 吴汉钧：人工智能与大失业时代降临 2017年6月4日 星期日 04:30 AM文/吴汉钧来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 国际漫游 去年到北欧自驾看北极光。在挪威北部城市特罗姆瑟，所有停车场无人看管，收费机器只收信用卡。加油站没有服务员，司机自行刷卡添油。纳尔维克市的列车站 没有站长和服务员，只有几个轨道维修工人和一个旅游局人员。乘客以信用卡在售票机买票，火车到站自行上车下车。虽然没有出现机器人提供服务的场景，但全 自动化运作的背后，是相当完善的智能操作系统。 近日，阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）三战完胜世界排名第一的围棋高手柯洁，让人工智能将取代人类的热点话题再度发酵。许多有识之士早已视人工智能为洪水 猛兽。他们认为，人工智能有朝一日会控制和消灭它们的造物主。 不少经济学家也认为，人工智能将促使就业市场走向不可持续的未来。英国牛津大学学者卡尔·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）和迈克尔·奥斯本（Michael A. Osborne）仔细研究了美国就业市场702种工作电脑化的可行性。他们在2013年发表的研究报告指出，有47%的工作将在未来10年至20年内被 人工智能取代。高失业风险的工作包括交通和物流、办公室与行政支援、生产线、服务业等，冲击较小的是需要创意和社交能力的工作，如学校教师、服装设计师 、导游等。 将近一半的工作在20年内将由人工智能代劳，我们无疑将迎来人类史上的大失业时代。 将会被人工智能取代的工作，就包括新闻报道，人工智能可以把文告和财经数据改写成新闻。现在谷歌翻译的准确度已相当高，很快就能担当翻译或口译的工作。 司机很有可能在10年内被人工智能取代，汽车、公共巴士、货运车会像地铁系统般完全自动化。 不过，就像工业革命终结了旧工作、制造了新工作，人工智能革命也会如此。在电脑出现以前，数学计算须要靠很多人来完成；计算机和电脑出现以后，取代了计 算人员的工作，但也创造了对程序人员的需求。电脑和互联网帮助企业壮大，间接制造了更多其他就业机会。人工智能时代制造的新工作，可能是现在我们想象不 到的，也不会怀念失去的旧工作。今天，谁还会怀念洗衣机出现之前的洗衣工作呢？ 不容否认的是，社会上仍会有一大群人将失去工作和收入。人们没钱买东西，消费需求降低，经济增长将失去动力。另一方面，财富将进一步集中在大量使用人工 智能的资本家手里，社会贫富差距进一步扩大，经济成为富人俱乐部的活动。政府和经济学家要开始思考，如何确保人们失去工作，但仍保持最低消费力。去年， 瑞士公决“全民基本收入”制度，全民无条件每月领取2500瑞士法郎（约3600新元），在某种程度上就是为这种大失业时代做准备；公投最终不获通过。 今年，芬兰开展一项为期两年的社会实验，2000名失业者每月将获得560欧元（约870新元）的“无条件基本收入”。没工作而有基本收入的人，能否继 续对社会作出贡献，两年后或许能看出一些端倪。 工作除了为工资，也满足心理需求。根据心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论，工作可以满足人类自我实现和自我超越的心理需求。当人们不再工作时，这种心理需 求无法获得满足，家庭与社会面貌将产生何种变化？当然，从另一个角度来说，当人们不再为三餐奔波，就有时间从事自己真正热爱的事情，更好地实现自我和超 越自我。 （作者是本报评论员　nghk@sph.com.sg） (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 失业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 叶鹏飞：“屎工”、聪明人与多能鄙事 * 何惜薇：非关有心或无意 * 杨萌：加把劲分享健康记录 * 黄伟曼：当读书人遇到船夫 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 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SME专访 * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share on Google+ * Share on LinkedIn * Share on WhatsApp 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 By 李蕙心 Lianhe Zaobao 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 贤能集团董事经理林隆田认为，现在的社会讲究数据分析，因此公司须要自动化数码技术的帮助，推动业务发展。 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 20 Oct 2017 - 03:30 贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，公司积极利用数码科技，包括采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 房地产管理不再只是单纯出租空间和收租，而是要迎合市场潮流和需求改变经营模式，包括采用数码科技。贤能集团（LHN Group）计划采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 成立于1991年的贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，在这个讲究数码化科技的时代，公司也积极在运作上采用多种数码技术，其中一项就是利用人工智能 提高客户服务素质。 通过聊天软件 提供咨询服务 贤能集团董事经理林隆田接受联合早报访问时说，公司发现越来越多人喜欢用手机聊天软件，他们宁愿发短信询问也不愿打热线电话，公司于是在数月前开始通过 手机聊天软件为客户提供咨询服务。 “客户对这项新服务的反应非常热烈，以致于我们决定在公司网站上添加聊天机器人（chatbot）功能，利用人工智能技术来回答客户的询问。这项服务预 计会在六个月内推出。” 聊天机器人表面上看来只能为客户解答疑问，但其实还可延伸出更多功能，甚至可能为公司带来更多生意，关键在于大数据科技。 林隆田指出，每位首次联系公司询问的人都是潜在的客户，他们同聊天机器人对话时输入的基本资料如姓名、所属公司和联络方式，都可存入公司电脑系统中。系 统就会自动为询问者开设资料档，方便公司销售人员联络。 如果是现有客户或较早前向聊天机器人查询的人，只要输入名字或公司名称，系统就会调阅出之前存档的资料，就能延续之前的咨询服务。公司计划在半年到一年 内推出这项服务。 他说：“数码技术不仅能帮你整理资料，最重要的是它能帮你输入资料。输入资料是很繁琐的工作，会加重员工的负担。以前是把资料写在本子里，是非常直接简 单的事，但要输入电脑又要多一重工作。现在的社会讲究数据分析，把资料存档并进行比对，所以我们须要这类自动化数码技术的帮助。” 公司也计划把这项技术用在涉及大量数字的财务管理工作，以节省人工输入数据的时间。 公司的销售人员也随身携带平板电脑与客户接洽，客户在签约时可直接在平板电脑上签名，接着就会收到合同的电子版本。销售人员再也不用携带多份打印好的合 同外出，更免去了把合同放入文件夹存档的麻烦。 大胆谨慎地向外扩张 政府呼吁本地企业走出国门，公司在2013年便把事业版图扩大到海外，如今在印度尼西亚、缅甸和中国都有业务。公司采取“大胆且谨慎”的策略，一步步地 向外扩张。 林隆田解释，“大胆”指的是要勇于开拓新市场，“谨慎”则是要在经营海外业务时密切留意营业情况，以避免出现亏损，因此扩张速度将是缓慢稳健的。 自2015年在新加坡交易所上市的贤能集团，今年已是第三次获颁金字品牌奖。能持续获奖意味着公司稳健发展，而要长期良好经营，有赖于公司采取的“灵活 应变”策略。 林隆田说，公司积极掌握业界发展趋势并及时调整营业模式和服务形式。 “在以往，我们接触的大多租户是中小企业，现在则有许多起步公司。这些公司的经营方式不同，我们必须进一步了解他们的业务，才能创造适合他们的产品。再 也不只是找一些办公空间，然后等租户来租。你必须主动去了解市场，而不是闭门造车，然后等着市场买单。” 公司于是从五年前开始便推出多项新服务，如服务办公室（serviced office）、服务公寓、工作与仓储（Work Plus Store，简称WPS）空间服务和个人仓储（self storage）。 培训是栽培人才重要一环 一家公司要顺利运作，还要靠职员的努力和贡献。林隆田认为，在对待职员方面，要给予信任和一定的决策权，让他们有机会学习新事物。在人才选拔上，公司看 重的是对方要努力好学的态度。 “只要他肯学而且有发展潜力，我们愿意提供培训，我认为培训是栽培人才的重要一环。” 贤能集团今年获颁“悠久品牌奖”，这不是该集团首次获得金字品牌奖，对公司而言，再度获奖不仅是一种认可，也鼓励它继续努力去打造强有力的品牌。林隆田 曾经说过，他对“贤能”这个品牌的目标是：“希望人们想要租用商业和工业空间时，就会想到我们。” 新闻电邮速递 用电邮注册加入我们的 新闻电邮速递，了解最新的中小企业相关新闻、意见及活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 你是中小企业老板吗？* (_) 是 (_) 否 [_] 我已经阅读并同意接受 隐私权条规* (注册) 注册 * 必填字段 More Stories ZB_0112_CJ_doc6ycpiw2qfc419e4hjjiu_121741391_lownc.jpg 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 　　明眼看名商 整合，基本上是把分散的资源和各不相同的方法进行有序的调度、组合、配置，从而收到最佳效果。 　　在经济全球化的过程中，整合不仅是挑战，也是机遇，许多现代商业高手就是运用这种整合的方法取得良好效果。 ZB_0114_CJ_doc6ycprbja4jk16zenom88_12155205_limsp.jpg 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 　　在新科大的这家咖啡馆，是本地数一数二为特需者而设的。由新科大学生设计的厨房与用餐环境，为特需者创造就业机会，也为残障人士上咖啡馆提供有利的 元素。 ZB_0112_CJ_doc6y90mebcjpk1aq5pb4ur_11193754_fangkai.jpg 兄弟追梦共创业 SME专访 Jan 12, 2018 兄弟追梦共创业 　　陈顺麟自小喜欢绘画和缝纫，尤其钟爱礼服和晚装这类华丽服饰。三年多前决定放弃从事了20多年的平面设计工作，2016年跟当化妆师的哥哥一起开婚 纱店，圆了服装设计的梦。 an SPH Website * StraitsTimes * The BusinessTimes * Lianhe Zaobao * Lianhe Wanbao * Shin Min Daily News * The SME Magazine * RSS Feed * RSS Feed * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus To subscribe to any of our products visit www.sphsubscription.com.sg or call +63 6388 3838 * 最新消息 * SME专访 * 老板生意经 * 专家讲堂 * SME百宝箱 * 奖项 + 新加坡金字品牌奖 + 新加坡邻里企业之星 * 敢敢问 * 活动 * AsiaOne * Lianhe Wanbao * SGCarMart * STProperty * Berita Harian * ShareInvestor * The Straits Times * BTINVEST * OMY * STCars * Tabla * The Business Times * The New Paper * STClassifieds * Tamil Murasu * Hardwarezone * RAZORTV * STOMP * Zaobao * 关于我们 * 联络我们 * 协助 * 广告联络 * 网络条款 * 资料保护 * 报业控股数码新闻 © 2017 Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Co. Regn No. 198402868E #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this 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Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. The... * Business Development Executive Hiring Business Development Executive, please email to [email protected] * Recent Posts * Forum Topics * About QRInno and Platform + About QRInno + Why Choose QRInno? + Vision, Mission and Value + Experience and Development + Contact us * Industrial Partnership + Industrial Partnership + Product Lifecycle Management + Recruitment and Employment + Terms of Use + Privacy Policy * Our Services + Our Services + Online Service Delivery Model + Offline Service Delivery Model + Help & Support Copyright © 2014 QRInno Pte. Ltd. #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Three EECS professors join leadership team13/01/2018 + Aside Design * RSS Developers + Smarter is: Putting renewable energy on the map Vestas Wind Systems of Aarhus, Denmark uses IBM InfoSph […] + Smarter is: Saving minds, saving lives Columbia University Medical Center's Neuro-ICU use […] * RSS Cloud News + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * RSS Entrepreneur + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * Partner Site + Chinese 中文 Startup * London proptech startup Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 10/27/2015 Tue 12:15 PM in Hong Kong by Staff Writer More must be done to remove legitimate ads from illegal websites Study reveals that the complex ad ecosystem is not doing enough to protect brand integrity online... 11/25/2016 Fri 10:59 AM in Malaysia by Vivienne Tay Media Prima appoints Leo Burnett for digital TV project The agency will be responsible for strategic development and delivery of creative communications for myFreeview, its digital terre.. 07/25/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Indonesian brand Natasha Skin Clinic tipped to expand into Malaysia A+M understands it is in the midst of looking for agency partners. .. 03/23/2015 Mon 11:46 AM in Global by Noreen Ismail Spotify names its first ever CMO Spotify has appointed its first ever chief marketing officer, Seth Farbman... 05/09/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in China by Staff Writer Resn任命亚太区首席执行官 该公司正寻找最佳人才入主公司中国区域高层管理团队，为明年正式在中国开业作好准备。.. Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 10/27/2015 Tue 12:15 PM in Hong Kong by Staff Writer More must be done to remove legitimate ads from illegal websites Study reveals that the complex ad ecosystem is not doing enough to protect brand integrity online... 11/25/2016 Fri 10:59 AM in Malaysia by Vivienne Tay Media Prima appoints Leo Burnett for digital TV project The agency will be responsible for strategic development and delivery of creative communications for myFreeview, its digital terre.. 07/25/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Indonesian brand Natasha Skin Clinic tipped to expand into Malaysia A+M understands it is in the midst of looking for agency partners. .. 03/23/2015 Mon 11:46 AM in Global by Noreen Ismail Spotify names its first ever CMO Spotify has appointed its first ever chief marketing officer, Seth Farbman... 05/09/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in China by Staff Writer Resn任命亚太区首席执行官 该公司正寻找最佳人才入主公司中国区域高层管理团队，为明年正式在中国开业作好准备。.. Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. Ad Space Marketing Interactive ©2018 Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. Footer Navigation * About Us * Contact Us * Content Policy * Advertise With Us * Privacy Policy * User Agreement #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月22日 technology Home China technology 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [29CHINAAI2-articleLarge.jpg] 美媒称，20日，中国制定了一项发展规划，希望在2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者，打造规模超过1万亿元的本土产业。 据美国《纽约时报》网站7月21日报道，国务院发布的这项政策阐述了中国政府最高层的意图：全球第二大经济体将投入大量资金，以确保企业、政府和军队跃 升为人工智能技术的全球领先者。很多人都认为，人工智能有朝一日会成为计算机技术的基础。 而与此同时，美国却在削减科学资金。特朗普政府提交的预算案建议削减一些传统上支持人工智能研究的机构的资源。而诸如高性能计算等领域的经费削减，也将 影响到人工智能辅助工具的开发。 报道称，中国的实力，特别是先进技术和新技术上的实力，长期落后于发达的邻国以及欧美发达国家。但是，一个为期数十年、追赶西方的产业政策已经给中国带 来了红利。 专家们认为，中国有越来越多的学科都取得了长足进展，人工智能就是其中之一。 报道称，北京对人工智能的兴趣已经引起了美国防务机构的警觉。 在这个新政策提出的时间表中，政府希望到2020年，中国公司和研究机构的总体技术和应用与美国这些居于世界先进水平的国家同步。之后再过5年，要求在 特定领域实现重大突破，人工智能成为中国“经济转型的主要动力”。 到了最后阶段，即2030年，中国将“成为世界主要人工智能创新中心”，而这反过来又将为中国“跻身创新型国家前列和经济强国奠定重要基础”。 报道认为，像这样的高级别声明，也是向全国各地的地方政府和公司发出一个信号。 这个新计划正式确定了一个之前在中国就已经广为人知的侧重点。很多地方政府都已经根据各种线索制定了特别的人工智能计划，建成了专注于A.I.研究的中 心。 许多地方正在人工智能上投入数以亿计的美元，有些地方的投入甚至更大。6月份，在北京以东的城市天津，市政府表示计划提供50亿美元的资金来支持人工智 能行业，而且还划出了一片20多平方公里的土地来建设“智能产业园”。 报道称，这一倡议也有可能会席卷中国私营企业。近年来，该国互联网搜索巨头百度已经在硅谷运行着一家人工智能研究中心，它在今年还宣布，将与政府合作， 建立一个新的实验室。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： China, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 台媒社论：台湾为何20年来选不出一个好领导人？ * 印任命前驻华大使为外交秘书 曾参与洞朗谈判 * 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 * 男子迷昏女保姆欲拍裸照 发生数次关系后将其杀害 @nanyangpost 的推文 版权 © 2012 - 南洋视界 Copyright © 南洋视界 - Crafted with by Templatesyard | Distributed By Gooyaabi Templates #企鹅新闻网 » Feed 企鹅新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 星期二, 一月 16, 2018 * RSS订阅 企鹅新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 Home 科技 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八... * 科技 * 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 2017年10月13日 0 16 人类对大数据进行计算分析的趋势并不会转瞬即逝。随着数据量的不断增加，对大数据的分析效果也会有所改善。说到关于预测分析的应用，其实我们只看到了冰 山一角。目前，它已经可以利用数据挖掘、机器学习和人工智能技术来分析数据，从而达到帮助企业的目的（比如预测销售，优化营销活动）。所有这一类型的人 工智能都与我们日常工作方式联系在一起，彻底改变了我们的生活，不过还有更多的技术有待改进。 以下是来自人工智能、大数据、预测分析和机器学习的一些重要数据： 1、到2018年，75%的开发商将会在更多的商业应用或服务中加入人工智能功能（来自IDC） 2、到2019年，IDC100%的物联网项目将得到人工智能的支持（来自IDC） 3、30%的公司将在2020年前使用人工智能技术来增加至少一个主要销售流程（来自Gartner） 4、算法将会在2018年改变全球数十亿人的行为（来自Gartner） 5、人工智能市场价值将在2020年超过400亿美元（来自Constellation?Research） 6、到2025年，人工智能将驱动95%的客户互动（来自Servion） 以下就是我们在2018年将关注的8个人工智能大趋势： 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 趋势一：大公司都将从人工智能获利 亚马逊、谷歌、Facebook和IBM，它们将在人工智能领域引领潮流。作为大公司，他们有合适的资源来收集数据，因此有更多的数据可以使用。以下就 是这些巨头玩家如何在AI领域布局的： 亚马逊： 投资人工智能20年以上，抓取了5B以上的网页数据，超过50万张JPEG图像和相应的JSON元数据，用以供给亚马逊运营中心的产品。每天抓取世界广 播、杂志和网络新闻的数据已超过2.5亿，每天抓取近100M图像和视频具有音频和视觉功能并带有注释。亚马逊Echo系列音箱已经占领了超过70%的 语音助手市场。 Google： 具有全世界最大的数据库，专注于应用和产品开发，而不是长期的AI研究。Google Brain拥有超过1300名研究人员的团队，在语音助理市场占有23.8％的用户份额。使用TensorFlow开源平台进行机器学习，允许任何人访 问机器学习平台。Google地球数据库的大小估计为3017 TB或大约3 PB，Google Street View有大约20PB的街景照片。 谷歌很可能在应用程序和产品开发及服务的部署方面都处于最前沿，它不仅是第一家开始研究人工智能的公司，而且拥有7万名员工。此外，谷歌拥有一个深度学 习人工智能研究项目Google Brain，它拥有一个团队，有自己的研究议程，研究领域涵盖了机器学习、自然语言理解、机器学习算法和技术，以及机器人。 Facebook： 每日处理2.5B的内容和500多TB的数据，Facebook ArticialIntelligence Researchers (FAIR)有大约80位研究人员和工程师，每天产生20亿“赞”和3000万照片，每30分钟扫描大约105 TB的数据建有一个62000平方英尺的数据中心，可容纳500个机架。每天翻译超过40种语言的20亿用户帖子，每天有8000万用户使用这些翻译。 IBM： 计划进行为期10年、价值2.4亿美元的投资来创建MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室。在全球拥有2000多名AI员工，在IBM总部拥有超过600名 AI员工，沃森用户跨越六大洲和超过25个国家，IBM向沃森项目投资10亿美元，其中包括1亿美元的风险投资。通过沃森生态系统建立了7000多个应 用。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：全球100家最有前途的人工智能公司名单 趋势二：算法与技术的整合 所有在人工智能领域投资的二级资本公司，比如英特尔、Salesforce和Twitter，都将追随拥有这些数据的大公司，并使用他们的数据算法和人 工智能。行业参与者之间将会发生数据交易，而且很有可能会整合算法和技术。数据的交易以及算法和技术的整合将使人工智能变得更加重要。 随着谷歌和Facebook等规模更大的公司收购小公司，更多的算法将被整合到它们的核心平台或解决方案中。总部位于英国伦敦的人工智能公司DeepM ind，构建了通用学习算法，被谷歌收购，以获得相对于其他科技公司的商业优势。另一方面，Facebook收购Wit.ai来提升自己的语音识别和语 音界面。该公司还收购了人工智能创业公司Ozlo，以完善其M虚拟助理服务。 趋势三：数据众包 所有的人工智能公司都追求巨大的数据库，以实现他们对人工智能的雄心壮志。这些公司将开始通过众包方式获取大量数据。企业已经找到了一种方法来评估众包 数据的质量和真实性，不仅给企业提供了便利，还能反馈信息给消费者。 OpenDataNow.com的创始人兼编辑Joel Gurin表示，“我们生活在一个众包文化的环境中，越来越多的人愿意和有兴趣通过社交媒体分享他们所知道的东西。” 谷歌通过众包的方式，获得了大量的图片，并构建了成像算法。该公司还利用众包来帮助改善服务，比如翻译、转录、手写识别和地图应用。而亚马逊还利用众包 的技术改善了Alexa的1.5万项现有技能。 趋势四：更多的并购将发生 CBInsights的统计数据显示，AI公司的收购竞争已经开始。2018年将是我们能看到的最多的公司收购和被收购的一年，因为这些公司必须争夺知 识资本和人才才不会被淘汰。机器学习/人工智能的所有小公司都将被大公司收购。有两个原因： AI在没有数据库的帮助下没法工作。因为大公司拥有大量的数据库，他们将对那些小公司造成巨大的压力。没有数据库的支持，算法将毫无用处。 同样如果没有算法，数据几乎也毫无用处。数据是算法的核心，大量的数据是至关重要的。 哥伦比亚大学创意机器人实验室的机器人工程师和总监Hod Lipson说，“数据是燃料，算法是引擎”。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：谷歌领跑近几年AI创企并购 趋势五：开放民主化的工具将获得市场份额 大公司将开始开放他们的算法和其他工具，以获得市场份额。以市场为基础的数据和算法进入壁垒将会减少，人工智能的新应用将会增加。通过开放平台和民主化 ，那些无法使用人工智能工具的小公司将可以获得大量的数据来研究人工智能算法。 正如谷歌首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）在谈到民主化的人工智能时所说的那样，“我们所能做的最激动人心的事情之一就是让机器学习和人工智能变得不再那么神秘。让所有人都能接触 到这一点很重要。” 此外，frameworks、SDKs and APIs将成为所有主要厂商对消费者开放使用的标准。所有的公司都将采用SaaS&PaaS商业模式。 趋势六：人机交互将得到改善 Siri和Alexa大概是目前最受欢迎的人机交互工具，与之类似的更多基于机器人的解决方案将是人工智能公司进入这个行业的门槛。例如，虽然机器已经 被编程用于语音分析和面部识别，但机器还得做到根据你的声音来识别你的情绪，也就是进行情绪分析。 制造自动化和非消费者焦点解决方案将是第一个要改进的解决方案/应用程序。制造自动化将主要归功于人工成本节约，使用包括自动化、机器人和先进制造技术 。非消费者解决方案的改进，例如在农业和医药领域执行任务的人机交互，也将在2018年流行起来。 趋势七：人工智能将渐渐地对所有垂直领域产生影响 制造、客户服务、保健、医疗保健和交通运输的领域已经受到AI的影响，自动驾驶汽车预计将在2018年上市。明年，会有更多的领域受到人工智能的影响。 以下是人工智能对不同行业影响的例子： 保险——AI将通过自动化改进索赔流程。 法律——NLP可以在几分钟内总结成千上万页的法律文件，从而减少查阅时间和提高效率。 PR＆media——AI将帮助快速处理数据。 教育——虚拟导师的发展；人工智能帮助打分数；制定适应性学习计划，游戏和软件;以AI为导向的个性化教育计划将改变学生和老师的互动。 健康——机器学习可用于创建更复杂，更准确的方法来在患者出现症状之前预测疾病 正如工业革命在100年前几乎改变了一切一样，人工智能将在未来几年改变这个世界。 趋势八： 安全、隐私及伦理道德问题 在人工智能的保护伞下，诸如机器学习和大数据等问题，都很容易触及到安全及隐私问题。有时基础设施扮演着很重要的角色。与隐私问题有关的安全需求，如将 银行帐户和健康信息保密，将会对研究的安全性有更大的要求。2018年，有关安全和隐私的问题将得到解决，这一年，也是人工智能可能出现新的发展的一年 。 人工智能的伦理问题也将成为2018年的主要问题，需要解决的伦理和道德问题包括人工智能对人类有哪些好处和坏处。人们也对机器人取代人类的可能性感到 担忧，比如护士、治疗师或警察，另一个需要处理的问题是自主武器。 | 结语 尽管人工智能已经存在多年，但我们今天所知道的人工智能仍处于起步阶段。围绕着AI及其各种应用，从自动车辆到虚拟个人助理以及大量执行人工智能相关的 技术，已经引起了大肆宣传。尽管现在已经出现了大量的人工智能用例，但是大多数都是为了改进配置，做更好的辅助。此外，在人工智能行业中，没有多少玩家 ，因此碎片将不会出现，而非结构化数据和算法将会变得十分可用。 总之，人工智能的生命刚刚开始，而且它还有很长的路要走。 分享： 前一篇文章AI可怕吗？警惕我们对它犯下七宗罪 下一篇文章孩子为什么哭－做个细心的妈妈 qienews 相关文章作者其它文章 今天谷歌的封面被这个中国人刷屏了！他穷尽一生让世界... 新华网:引爆全民答题狂欢 直播答题是风口还是黑洞？... “国家的需要，就是我的责任”——追忆“两弹一星”功... 举国沸腾！这名中国博士重磅宣布，建材和能源历史将被... 马斯克”太空跑车”或引起外... 几分钟就能溶解血块？ 澳科学家钻研心脏病中风难题 本周熱門 留学澳洲6年花了200万人民币，回国底薪2000元，海归就业“薪情”到底如何 2018年1月12日 2018澳网一触即发！家门口这么多的天王天后和中国金花 不看就太可惜了！ 2018年1月14日 2018 新年华人板球活动开始了！有微信讲解 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CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 游戏人工智能分类目录Feed AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 分类目录归档：游戏人工智能 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 发表于2017年7月3日由lili 最近半年 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 大局洞察, 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 CounterFactual Regret Minimization, Game AI, MaxMin Search, Monte Carlo Tree Search | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 发表于2016年11月1日由lili 游戏智能 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 有限状态机, 游戏 | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之二:再次进行准备 发表于2016年9月26日由lili 上次准备 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能 | 标签为 clash, 人工智能, 游戏 | 留下评论 游戏智能系列之一:一些准备工作 发表于2016年9月5日由lili 一直想开 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 游戏 | 留下评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #论答 » Feed 论答 » 评论Feed 【ceocio】教育大数据在中国产业化最稀缺的是人才 【南方都市报】在AI风口，技术对教育的影响已到分水岭 alternate alternate 论答 * 首页 * 产品 * 关于我们 * 官方博客 * 媒体报道 * 加入我们 * 【猎云网】人工智能助力教育，论答与中国人民大学成立教育大数据研究中心 * by Learnta报道 * 六月 1, 2017 * 媒体报导 * 没有评论 5月23日，中国人民大学论答教育大数据研究中心在中国人民大学统计与大数据研究院挂牌成立，中国人民大学统计与大数据研究院艾春荣院长、胡飞芳教授、 论答公司创始人兼CEO王枫博士、联合创始人马镇筠博士参加了挂牌仪式。 王枫认为，人工智能与大数据技术已经落地很多行业，比如百度、滴滴、淘宝，而在教育行业，论答在中国国内首先实现落地。 论答（Learnta）是一家学习技术与大数据（Learning Technology & Analytics）公司，2016年同时成立于纽约和上海，专注于 “人工智能 + 教育”。论答公司的创始团队成功领导开发了以国际顶尖水平算法为核心的人工智能学习系统，并主持了国内教育领域第一个有关人工智能技术有效性的实证研究 项目。论答团队拥有国内优秀的中小学教学专家，世界一流的学习技术专家、数据科学家、工程师、设计师等专业人才，为中小学生提供优质高效的在线辅导服务 。 论答团队针对国内中小学课程体系，本土化设计和开发人工智能算法引擎、学习系统、课程内容、以及教学模式。论答PRISM人工智能算法引擎，以国际顶尖 算法技术为核心，从百亿级知识状态中，精准定位每一位学生的知识薄弱点。论答人工智能学习系统，为每一位学生量身定制循序渐进的学习路径，同时匹配精心 设计的教学视频、练习题等课程内容。论答PERSONA教学模式，通过最合适的教学方法，实现学生、老师、系统之间的高度互动，从而最大限度地提升学习 效率，确保学习效果。 据介绍，中国人民大学统计与大数据研究院在统计学、大数据分析、自适应设计等方面具有人才培养和科学研究优势，行业领先企业论答公司（Learnta Inc.）具有教育大数据与自适应学习等领域的产品研发、市场开拓等方面优势，双方结合，将促进校企的创业、创新能力。 经双方共同协商，一致同意在优势互补、互惠互利、共同发展的基础上，建立全面的产学研战略合作关系，以实现集成各类资源，提升创新能力，促进成果转化， 满足产业需求的总体目标。 王枫提到，优质的教育不应该只属于少数人教育是每一个孩子的权利，他希望通过论答的努力，让中国的孩子们都享受到更优质的教育，“我们的目标是‘让每一 个孩子的学习都更有效’。” 来源：猎云网 共享此文章： * 点击以在 Twitter 上共享（在新窗口中打开） * 点击以在 Facebook 上共享（在新窗口中打开） * 点击以在 Google+ 上共享（在新窗口中打开） * 相关 联系我们 上海：上海市延平路 135 号 2 楼 纽约：349 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016 邮箱：office@learnta.com 电话：021-61310080 站点地图 * 首页 * 产品 * 关于我们 * 官方博客 * 媒体报道 * 加入我们 关注论答官方微信 [qrcode_for_gh_246a4b7815da_1280.jpg] 论答 © Learnta Inc 2015 - 2017. #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate next IFRAME: //www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5HH6L7 * 10395 jobs globally for professionals and students in Finance, Banking, Accounting and Insurance * Job Search * News & Advice + News + Advice + Students * Recruiters * Candidate Sign In + Sign In + Register free today + and unlock the following premium features _________________________________________________________ + Build your career Profile + Upload CV & Cover Letters + Save jobs + Create custom Job Alerts + Manage your account + Register now eFinancialCareers 1530 jobs < ____________________ × > < ____________________ × > Sorry, search needs to be by multiples of city OR country, not a mix of both. 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PROJECT MANAGER - SimCorp Dimension - APAC + Attractive fixed price rates! + Singapore + Contract, Full time + Skillfinder International + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 5. Process & Quality Specialist Front Support + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 6. Associate - Real Estate Portfolio Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 7. VP, Client Services, Fund Services + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 8. Senior Fund Accountant/Supervisor/Manager - Hedge Fund Accountant + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 9. Investment Associate AD with a renowned and global investment firm + Mkt Range + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + The Cap Consulting Group Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 10. 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Find out what's changing Back to current search __________________________________________________________________ What will I get? * Better company sector categorisation * Easier access to job sectors * Ability to feedback on the search beta experience What won't I get? * Ability to set up job alerts It's easy to opt out of the beta if you want to set up a job alert and you can return at any time #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 95 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * MySQL自动化运维及语句审核工具 Inception的... 78 views * EMQTT启用密码认证 71 views CAPTION: 2018年一月 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 « 12月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 标签 Apache CentOS Composer GIT HTML5 http http2 HTTP协议 InnoDB Linux Mac memcache mongodb MQTT Mysql Nginx phalcon PHP PHP7 shell Socket swoole tcp thinkphp ubuntu 人工智能 优化 分布式 协程 压力测试 原创 多线程 安全 并发 异步 性能 推送 架构 框架 消息 程序员 缓存 编程 非阻塞 高并发 近期评论 * XRumerTest发表在《Ubuntu 命令技巧》 * order online canada发表在《PHP 知识补全 —— 生成器 （generator）和协程的实现》 * manicure发表在《PHP 7 性能改进 (1/5): Packed arrays》 * James发表在《php实现协程，真正的异步》 * https://www.viagrasansordonnancefr.com/achat-sildenafil-citrate-bod ybuilding/发表在《文件服务器集群 采用Rsync+sersync同步主从文件FTP》 分类目录 * Apache (16) * Linux (112) * Mac OS (15) * Mysql (159) * Nginx (41) * Nosql (25) * PHP (449) * Vim (6) * web前端 (39) * Wordpress (1) * 个人日志 (24) * 云计算 (2) * 人工智能 (7) * 创业 (9) * 工具 (23) * 建站 (39) * 开源 (10) * 架构 (87) * 概念 (43) * 物联网 (14) * 移动互联网 (16) * 编程 (146) * 趋势 (6) 文章归档 文章归档 [选择月份...........] 功能 * 登录 * 文章RSS * 评论RSS * WordPress.org 链接表 * 2016年最新PHP学习路线图 * apachelounge * apistore * C/C++学习 * Chrisyue's Blog * coding * Composer * devstore * draveness * gaojinbo * git – 简易指南 * Github 中国用户排名 * github 排行榜 * Git客户端 * GoodUI * HTTPS安全检测 * http状态码 * idea blog * IT技术博客大学习 * Jordi Boggiano 站点统计 日志总数：1269篇 评论总数：54条 分类总数：23个 标签总数：252个 友情链接：96个 网站运行：2172天 最后更新：2018年1月14日 Copyright © 2012-2018 Lenix Blog. 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 95 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * MySQL自动化运维及语句审核工具 Inception的... 78 views * EMQTT启用密码认证 71 views CAPTION: 2018年一月 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 « 12月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 标签 Apache CentOS Composer GIT HTML5 http http2 HTTP协议 InnoDB Linux Mac memcache mongodb MQTT Mysql Nginx phalcon PHP PHP7 shell Socket swoole tcp thinkphp ubuntu 人工智能 优化 分布式 协程 压力测试 原创 多线程 安全 并发 异步 性能 推送 架构 框架 消息 程序员 缓存 编程 非阻塞 高并发 近期评论 * XRumerTest发表在《Ubuntu 命令技巧》 * order online canada发表在《PHP 知识补全 —— 生成器 （generator）和协程的实现》 * manicure发表在《PHP 7 性能改进 (1/5): Packed arrays》 * James发表在《php实现协程，真正的异步》 * https://www.viagrasansordonnancefr.com/achat-sildenafil-citrate-bod ybuilding/发表在《文件服务器集群 采用Rsync+sersync同步主从文件FTP》 分类目录 * Apache (16) * Linux (112) * Mac OS (15) * Mysql (159) * Nginx (41) * Nosql (25) * PHP (449) * Vim (6) * web前端 (39) * Wordpress (1) * 个人日志 (24) * 云计算 (2) * 人工智能 (7) * 创业 (9) * 工具 (23) * 建站 (39) * 开源 (10) * 架构 (87) * 概念 (43) * 物联网 (14) * 移动互联网 (16) * 编程 (146) * 趋势 (6) 文章归档 文章归档 [选择月份...........] 功能 * 登录 * 文章RSS * 评论RSS * WordPress.org 链接表 * 2016年最新PHP学习路线图 * apachelounge * apistore * C/C++学习 * Chrisyue's Blog * coding * Composer * devstore * draveness * gaojinbo * git – 简易指南 * Github 中国用户排名 * github 排行榜 * Git客户端 * GoodUI * HTTPS安全检测 * http状态码 * idea blog * IT技术博客大学习 * Jordi Boggiano 站点统计 日志总数：1269篇 评论总数：54条 分类总数：23个 标签总数：252个 友情链接：96个 网站运行：2172天 最后更新：2018年1月14日 Copyright © 2012-2018 Lenix Blog. 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #新加坡眼 » Feed 新加坡眼 » 评论Feed alternate alternate 新加坡眼 新加坡本地的最新资讯 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 订阅RSS 邮件订阅 - 最后更新：2018-01-15 订阅源：RSS QQ邮箱 * 新加坡眼官方网站现已正式上线 * 喜大普奔，欢迎注册 * 新加坡旅行频道已经开通，更多精美图文攻略，敬请关注 [weibo.png] 新浪微博 [job.gif] 招聘信息 [together.gif] 网友聚会 [fb-logo.png] Facebook 网站导航 * 首页 * 博文 * 美食 * 狮城新闻 * 旅游 + 狮城旅游 + 狮城新闻 * 文史政论 * 政策 * 房产 * 留学教育 + 中小学留学 + 政府大学 + 私立大学留学 * 活动 * 购物消费 * 招聘求职 * 杂录 * 生活信息 * 联络我们 首页 > 活动 > 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 2017 10-13 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 新加坡眼 活动 围观180次 留下评论 编辑日期：2017-11-16 字体：大 中 小 translation ad 小编：新加坡总理李显龙最近出访中国，感叹中国的移动支付，指出“我的部长在上海买栗子像个乡巴佬”。大家不禁感慨中国的“新四大发明”是啥？高铁，移 动支付，共享单车，网购。这四大发明都离不开这几年最火的话题——人工智能技术。近期，新加坡政府也提出5年1.5亿，想让新加坡成为一个人工智能强国 ，实施“国家人工智能核心计划 ”。 新加坡“国家人工核心计划”也吸引着来自英国伦敦的Forward Leading公司，不远万里将在新加坡万豪董厦酒店迎来他们在亚洲市场的首场会议——大数据和人工智能领袖峰会。峰会汇聚四国人工智能大咖，阵容高、 大、上，等你来参与！ 领袖峰会汇聚来自新中英美四国顶级企业的大数据和人工智能技术的大咖，囊括最尖端前沿的行业话题，包括人工智能与大数据、数字营销与电子商务、策略与创 新等。集结来自不同行业的技术先锋和商业领袖，打造独一无二的会议学习社交体验。与会嘉宾将有机会听到演讲者分享成功经验，和业界先驱一道学习精彩案例 ，和不同行业的同道者一起群策群力、集思广益，从而克服挑战，取得新的商业成功。 – 首席运营官，澳新银行（ANZ Bank） – 首席数据官，友盟+，阿里巴巴 – 首席数据官，渣打银行（Standard chartered Bank） – 首席计算工程师，劳斯莱斯（Rolls-Royce） – ASPAC地区首席信息官及副总裁，强生（Johnson&Johnson） – 商业分析专业主任，伦敦大学学院（University College London) – 全球人工智能产品总监，西门子（Siemens） – 新加坡IT中心执行总监，默沙东(MSD) – AI行业创新总监，国家人工智能核心计划（AI.Singapore） Forward Leading邀请到了来自中国阿里巴巴旗下的全域数据服务平台友盟+的首席数据官李丹枫博士。根小编了解，友盟+的数据体量在全球范围内也是数一数二 的，目前覆盖了135万个APP，685万个网站，每天能触达的全球移动设备有14亿。李丹枫博士本次分享的不仅仅是数据挖掘机器学习方面的，他将会讲 到数据驱动智能，怎么从弱人工智能走向强人工智能，光听着就是一个好高大上的话题。其他国家的大咖也是创新技术多多啊！ 大咖分享的内容不仅仅局限在研究的技术层面，大部分技术都已经很接地气，很多技术已经在公司内部管理、运营等方面经过反复实践操作。此外，大咖分享的内 容更跳出公司的框架去覆盖本行业和其它行业。 实在是满满的干货和硬货！下面仅列举几个演讲的标题： – AI与商业的未来 – 人类在AI世界的角色 – AI和机器学习如何瓦解企业银行 – 从标准化分析到值得信赖的数据发现 – 机器学习辅助洞察用户的行为数据 – 人工智能 – 创新和智能工程的新动力 – 深层成像-临床决策中的自动化和深度学习 – AI聊天机器人的发展和崛起 从左至右依次是英国UCL的Daniel Hulme博士，阿里巴巴友盟+的李丹枫博士及来自美国硅谷Drive.AI的Brody Huv 不光是交换名片，互相寒暄两句，主办方也专门设计了高端小规模的早午茶歇、午餐和鸡尾酒会等社交环节，以及特意设计的社交破冰和收尾总结环节。也是希望 保证每一位来宾都有足够的时间和机会与演讲大咖以及其他大咖进行深度有效的交流。 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 峰会主题：大数据和人工智能领袖峰会 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 和大数据和人工智能领袖峰会同时同酒店进行的还有Forward Leading旗下的旗舰品牌会议数字营销领袖峰会，演讲嘉宾包括： – 数字体验副总裁，星和（Starhub） – 日本及亚太区数字运营总监，谷歌（Google） – 社会媒体总监，金沙江（Maria Bay Sands） – 数字和消费者引导总监，可口可乐（Coca-Cola） – 零售策略和全球电商资深副总裁，施耐德电气（Schneider Electric） – 亚太营销合作项目主管，脸谱网（Facebook） – 亚洲社交媒体领导，Spotify – 亚太数字营销经理，宝洁（P&G） – 数字互动和参与总监，世界自然基金（WWF） – 增长和营销资深总监，天巡（Skyscanner）等等 峰会主题：数字营销领袖峰会 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 新加坡眼也将和Forward Leading在数字营销领袖峰会上展开合作，带来一场关于全球大数据、人工智能和数字营销的内容分享。关注新加坡眼的你如果有兴趣参加大数据和人工智 能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会，还可以享受独家九折优惠，注册大数据和人工智能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会会议，请直接点击这里，并根据提示，输入折扣 码Yan90。 或者联系会议经理Thomas，邮箱：thomas@forwardleading.co.uk, 电话：+44 20 3813 7955，了解双峰会通票、团体折扣和发票支付等更多信息。这个月月底，我们期待在万豪董厦与你相会！ * 本文固定链接: http://www.yan.sg/dengnilaicanjiande/ * 转载请注明: 新加坡眼 2017年10月13日 于 新加坡眼 发表 喜欢本文，那就分享到： 最后编辑：2017-11-16 作者：新加坡眼 这个作者貌似有点懒，什么都没有留下。 站内专栏 我是新航预备空姐，却被莫名其妙拒了工作准证 主持奥斯卡的新加坡媳妇，连生娃都这么霸气 translation ad 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AM文/陈劲禾, 苏德铭来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的 使用，提高生产力、创造新产品。 我国将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、研究机构、起步公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识、制造有用的工具，以及培养人才，以把握数码经济的增长 机遇。 新加坡国立研究基金会推出“新加坡全国人工智能核心”（AI.SG）计划，结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的使用。 通讯及新闻部长雅国博士昨日在创新科技展（Innovfest Unbound）的开幕仪式上致词时，宣布上述消息。 未来五年，国立研究基金会将为AI.SG拨款1亿5000万元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高 生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工技能方案的商业化。初步目标是在五年内促成100项这类方案，并会先着重于城市管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 雅国博士举例说，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境（augmented reality），让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加强医护人员的培训。 成立联合平台 推动数据科技应用 与企业合作方面，AI.SG将举办交流活动与编程马拉松（hackathon），同企业乃至个人一起为现实生活中的问题寻找解决方案。 另外，它将营造一个创客空间（makerspace），通过共用资源与设施，促进人工智能相关企业与个人之间的交流与合作。 雅国昨天也宣布成立“新加坡数据科学联合平台”（Singapore Data Science Consortium），促进业界、高等学府及研究中心的数据科学研究，推动数据科技的应用。 他说：“人工智能与数据科学都是新加坡政府要创建及把握的前沿科技。长远来看，有关的投资将为所有国人增加经济机会。” AI.SG管理委员会由政府机构、研究机构及业界代表组成，新加坡国立大学常务副校长（研究与科技）兼陈振传百年纪念教授何德华担任执行主席。他也领导 新加坡数据科学联合平台。 何德华受访时说，希望国人不要过于担心人工智能会取代人类，减少就业机会。他说：“我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被 人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 昨日于滨海湾金沙举行的创新科技展吸引了1万多名与会者，以及350家科技业者参展。 其中，参展的智能复健起步公司FlexoSense发明了一种压力感应器，可安装在糖尿病患者的鞋垫上，测量病患是否在脚底的溃疡处施加过多的压力。 若情况控制不当，糖尿病足部溃疡可导致截肢，本地每五名截肢的病患就有一人于一年内死亡。 公司联合创办人谢丽萍受访时说，感应器的使用普及后，收集到的数据可通过人工智能进一步发展成预测溃疡发作可能性的科技，好让医护人员及时提供预防溃疡 的意见。 她说：“一些医院已对我们的科技表示兴趣。它们都说，这个科技将颠覆目前的作业方式。” (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 人工智能产业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 * 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 * 女邻被狗咬 指狗主拒赔 狗主：警调查中 * 全身73%烧伤 工人毁容不丧志 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 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[zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 路透社 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 饮者将每一次品尝葡萄酒后的味道记录在人工智能软件里，从不停累积的数据建立饮者的品味模型。（Docurbs提供） 　　人工智能软件记录并分析消费者的品酒喜好，这些数据可用在建立饮者类别的感官模型，让生产商洞悉哪些味道刺激饮者感官。然而，人工智能无法预测一瓶 葡萄酒的成长结果，机器也无法取代专业侍酒师的味蕾，以及传达品酒文化。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 * 文学讲座接踵登场 * 诗 扩大文字语言的可能性 * 新上架 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 2017城市小贩美食 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * 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(BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能产业 银行业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 金融业纠纷调解中心 接获投诉减少18％ * 集团董事经理陈怀丹： 新海逸要抓住进场购地好时机 * 了解债券到期日与票息率 * 海峡时报指数 ST Index 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 人工智能 人工智能 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 中国著名资深媒体人杨澜为纪录片《探寻人工智能》，走访20多个城市，采访80多位专家。在探索旅程结束时，她认为人类智能多元丰富，人工智能要在这部 分理解和运用自如，说不定永远也不会发生。 15/01/2018 (Submit) (Submit) 马化腾： 破解网络登录验证码 中国团伙技术水平领先全球 15/01/2018 南大虚拟导师系统让医学生获针对性指导 08/01/2018 虚拟实境让理工生熟悉业界新科技 08/01/2018 王元丰：教育如何应对人工智能等挑战 28/12/2017 谷歌在北京设人工智能研究中心 14/12/2017 国际 复杂的时代 最需要“复杂”的紫色？ 08/12/2017 专栏 阿果：不失浮萍之轻盈 29/11/2017 美国智库：中国人工智能技术 五年内可能追上美国 29/11/2017 新加坡 字述一年 2017：智 21/11/2017 国际 英国公路四年内将出现无人驾驶车 20/11/2017 * 更多 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 言论 想法 吴汉钧：人工智能与大失业时代降临 2017年6月4日 星期日 04:30 AM文/吴汉钧来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 国际漫游 去年到北欧自驾看北极光。在挪威北部城市特罗姆瑟，所有停车场无人看管，收费机器只收信用卡。加油站没有服务员，司机自行刷卡添油。纳尔维克市的列车站 没有站长和服务员，只有几个轨道维修工人和一个旅游局人员。乘客以信用卡在售票机买票，火车到站自行上车下车。虽然没有出现机器人提供服务的场景，但全 自动化运作的背后，是相当完善的智能操作系统。 近日，阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）三战完胜世界排名第一的围棋高手柯洁，让人工智能将取代人类的热点话题再度发酵。许多有识之士早已视人工智能为洪水 猛兽。他们认为，人工智能有朝一日会控制和消灭它们的造物主。 不少经济学家也认为，人工智能将促使就业市场走向不可持续的未来。英国牛津大学学者卡尔·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）和迈克尔·奥斯本（Michael A. Osborne）仔细研究了美国就业市场702种工作电脑化的可行性。他们在2013年发表的研究报告指出，有47%的工作将在未来10年至20年内被 人工智能取代。高失业风险的工作包括交通和物流、办公室与行政支援、生产线、服务业等，冲击较小的是需要创意和社交能力的工作，如学校教师、服装设计师 、导游等。 将近一半的工作在20年内将由人工智能代劳，我们无疑将迎来人类史上的大失业时代。 将会被人工智能取代的工作，就包括新闻报道，人工智能可以把文告和财经数据改写成新闻。现在谷歌翻译的准确度已相当高，很快就能担当翻译或口译的工作。 司机很有可能在10年内被人工智能取代，汽车、公共巴士、货运车会像地铁系统般完全自动化。 不过，就像工业革命终结了旧工作、制造了新工作，人工智能革命也会如此。在电脑出现以前，数学计算须要靠很多人来完成；计算机和电脑出现以后，取代了计 算人员的工作，但也创造了对程序人员的需求。电脑和互联网帮助企业壮大，间接制造了更多其他就业机会。人工智能时代制造的新工作，可能是现在我们想象不 到的，也不会怀念失去的旧工作。今天，谁还会怀念洗衣机出现之前的洗衣工作呢？ 不容否认的是，社会上仍会有一大群人将失去工作和收入。人们没钱买东西，消费需求降低，经济增长将失去动力。另一方面，财富将进一步集中在大量使用人工 智能的资本家手里，社会贫富差距进一步扩大，经济成为富人俱乐部的活动。政府和经济学家要开始思考，如何确保人们失去工作，但仍保持最低消费力。去年， 瑞士公决“全民基本收入”制度，全民无条件每月领取2500瑞士法郎（约3600新元），在某种程度上就是为这种大失业时代做准备；公投最终不获通过。 今年，芬兰开展一项为期两年的社会实验，2000名失业者每月将获得560欧元（约870新元）的“无条件基本收入”。没工作而有基本收入的人，能否继 续对社会作出贡献，两年后或许能看出一些端倪。 工作除了为工资，也满足心理需求。根据心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论，工作可以满足人类自我实现和自我超越的心理需求。当人们不再工作时，这种心理需 求无法获得满足，家庭与社会面貌将产生何种变化？当然，从另一个角度来说，当人们不再为三餐奔波，就有时间从事自己真正热爱的事情，更好地实现自我和超 越自我。 （作者是本报评论员　nghk@sph.com.sg） (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 失业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 叶鹏飞：“屎工”、聪明人与多能鄙事 * 何惜薇：非关有心或无意 * 杨萌：加把劲分享健康记录 * 黄伟曼：当读书人遇到船夫 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 免费精选 * 电子报 * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobao-logo.svg] [zaobao-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * ZShop 集品店 全新中小企业资讯网 直播 视频 深夜好读 生活补给站 完成一个梦 我是小某某 首页 新闻 中国新闻 中国特稿：中国人工智能提速飞飙 2017年7月23日 星期日 03:30 AM文/孟丹丹来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　中国工程院院士潘云鹤：人工智能对中国经济增长的作用至关重要。（新华社） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　硬蛋科技首席技术官李世鹏：在全球第三次人工智能热潮中，中国将有机会实现换道超车。（李世鹏提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　百度创始人、董事长兼首席执行官李彦宏：在（中国）这样的市场中，人工智能如鱼得水，我们不领先世界真的是说不过去。（互联网） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　云迹科技公司联合创始人支涛：云迹研发生产的酒店跑腿机器人“润”已拿到百多家酒店的订单。（支涛提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　　中国劳动力成本上升，“酒店机器人”概念已从噱头转化为市场需求。左图这台名为“润”的酒店机器人一天工作24小时，主要为客人运送牙膏、手巾等用 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SME专访 * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share on Google+ * Share on LinkedIn * Share on WhatsApp 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 By 李蕙心 Lianhe Zaobao 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 贤能集团董事经理林隆田认为，现在的社会讲究数据分析，因此公司须要自动化数码技术的帮助，推动业务发展。 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 20 Oct 2017 - 03:30 贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，公司积极利用数码科技，包括采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 房地产管理不再只是单纯出租空间和收租，而是要迎合市场潮流和需求改变经营模式，包括采用数码科技。贤能集团（LHN Group）计划采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 成立于1991年的贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，在这个讲究数码化科技的时代，公司也积极在运作上采用多种数码技术，其中一项就是利用人工智能 提高客户服务素质。 通过聊天软件 提供咨询服务 贤能集团董事经理林隆田接受联合早报访问时说，公司发现越来越多人喜欢用手机聊天软件，他们宁愿发短信询问也不愿打热线电话，公司于是在数月前开始通过 手机聊天软件为客户提供咨询服务。 “客户对这项新服务的反应非常热烈，以致于我们决定在公司网站上添加聊天机器人（chatbot）功能，利用人工智能技术来回答客户的询问。这项服务预 计会在六个月内推出。” 聊天机器人表面上看来只能为客户解答疑问，但其实还可延伸出更多功能，甚至可能为公司带来更多生意，关键在于大数据科技。 林隆田指出，每位首次联系公司询问的人都是潜在的客户，他们同聊天机器人对话时输入的基本资料如姓名、所属公司和联络方式，都可存入公司电脑系统中。系 统就会自动为询问者开设资料档，方便公司销售人员联络。 如果是现有客户或较早前向聊天机器人查询的人，只要输入名字或公司名称，系统就会调阅出之前存档的资料，就能延续之前的咨询服务。公司计划在半年到一年 内推出这项服务。 他说：“数码技术不仅能帮你整理资料，最重要的是它能帮你输入资料。输入资料是很繁琐的工作，会加重员工的负担。以前是把资料写在本子里，是非常直接简 单的事，但要输入电脑又要多一重工作。现在的社会讲究数据分析，把资料存档并进行比对，所以我们须要这类自动化数码技术的帮助。” 公司也计划把这项技术用在涉及大量数字的财务管理工作，以节省人工输入数据的时间。 公司的销售人员也随身携带平板电脑与客户接洽，客户在签约时可直接在平板电脑上签名，接着就会收到合同的电子版本。销售人员再也不用携带多份打印好的合 同外出，更免去了把合同放入文件夹存档的麻烦。 大胆谨慎地向外扩张 政府呼吁本地企业走出国门，公司在2013年便把事业版图扩大到海外，如今在印度尼西亚、缅甸和中国都有业务。公司采取“大胆且谨慎”的策略，一步步地 向外扩张。 林隆田解释，“大胆”指的是要勇于开拓新市场，“谨慎”则是要在经营海外业务时密切留意营业情况，以避免出现亏损，因此扩张速度将是缓慢稳健的。 自2015年在新加坡交易所上市的贤能集团，今年已是第三次获颁金字品牌奖。能持续获奖意味着公司稳健发展，而要长期良好经营，有赖于公司采取的“灵活 应变”策略。 林隆田说，公司积极掌握业界发展趋势并及时调整营业模式和服务形式。 “在以往，我们接触的大多租户是中小企业，现在则有许多起步公司。这些公司的经营方式不同，我们必须进一步了解他们的业务，才能创造适合他们的产品。再 也不只是找一些办公空间，然后等租户来租。你必须主动去了解市场，而不是闭门造车，然后等着市场买单。” 公司于是从五年前开始便推出多项新服务，如服务办公室（serviced office）、服务公寓、工作与仓储（Work Plus Store，简称WPS）空间服务和个人仓储（self storage）。 培训是栽培人才重要一环 一家公司要顺利运作，还要靠职员的努力和贡献。林隆田认为，在对待职员方面，要给予信任和一定的决策权，让他们有机会学习新事物。在人才选拔上，公司看 重的是对方要努力好学的态度。 “只要他肯学而且有发展潜力，我们愿意提供培训，我认为培训是栽培人才的重要一环。” 贤能集团今年获颁“悠久品牌奖”，这不是该集团首次获得金字品牌奖，对公司而言，再度获奖不仅是一种认可，也鼓励它继续努力去打造强有力的品牌。林隆田 曾经说过，他对“贤能”这个品牌的目标是：“希望人们想要租用商业和工业空间时，就会想到我们。” 新闻电邮速递 用电邮注册加入我们的 新闻电邮速递，了解最新的中小企业相关新闻、意见及活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 你是中小企业老板吗？* (_) 是 (_) 否 [_] 我已经阅读并同意接受 隐私权条规* (注册) 注册 * 必填字段 More Stories ZB_0112_CJ_doc6ycpiw2qfc419e4hjjiu_121741391_lownc.jpg 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 　　明眼看名商 整合，基本上是把分散的资源和各不相同的方法进行有序的调度、组合、配置，从而收到最佳效果。 　　在经济全球化的过程中，整合不仅是挑战，也是机遇，许多现代商业高手就是运用这种整合的方法取得良好效果。 ZB_0114_CJ_doc6ycprbja4jk16zenom88_12155205_limsp.jpg 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 　　在新科大的这家咖啡馆，是本地数一数二为特需者而设的。由新科大学生设计的厨房与用餐环境，为特需者创造就业机会，也为残障人士上咖啡馆提供有利的 元素。 ZB_0112_CJ_doc6y90mebcjpk1aq5pb4ur_11193754_fangkai.jpg 兄弟追梦共创业 SME专访 Jan 12, 2018 兄弟追梦共创业 　　陈顺麟自小喜欢绘画和缝纫，尤其钟爱礼服和晚装这类华丽服饰。三年多前决定放弃从事了20多年的平面设计工作，2016年跟当化妆师的哥哥一起开婚 纱店，圆了服装设计的梦。 an SPH Website * StraitsTimes * The BusinessTimes * Lianhe Zaobao * Lianhe Wanbao * Shin Min Daily News * The SME Magazine * RSS Feed * RSS Feed * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus To subscribe to any of our products visit www.sphsubscription.com.sg or call +63 6388 3838 * 最新消息 * SME专访 * 老板生意经 * 专家讲堂 * SME百宝箱 * 奖项 + 新加坡金字品牌奖 + 新加坡邻里企业之星 * 敢敢问 * 活动 * AsiaOne * Lianhe Wanbao * SGCarMart * STProperty * Berita Harian * ShareInvestor * The Straits Times * BTINVEST * OMY * STCars * Tabla * The Business Times * The New Paper * STClassifieds * Tamil Murasu * Hardwarezone * RAZORTV * STOMP * Zaobao * 关于我们 * 联络我们 * 协助 * 广告联络 * 网络条款 * 资料保护 * 报业控股数码新闻 © 2017 Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Co. Regn No. 198402868E #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this 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Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. The... * Business Development Executive Hiring Business Development Executive, please email to [email protected] * Recent Posts * Forum Topics * About QRInno and Platform + About QRInno + Why Choose QRInno? + Vision, Mission and Value + Experience and Development + Contact us * Industrial Partnership + Industrial Partnership + Product Lifecycle Management + Recruitment and Employment + Terms of Use + Privacy Policy * Our Services + Our Services + Online Service Delivery Model + Offline Service Delivery Model + Help & Support Copyright © 2014 QRInno Pte. Ltd. #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Three EECS professors join leadership team13/01/2018 + Aside Design * RSS Developers + Smarter is: Putting renewable energy on the map Vestas Wind Systems of Aarhus, Denmark uses IBM InfoSph […] + Smarter is: Saving minds, saving lives Columbia University Medical Center's Neuro-ICU use […] * RSS Cloud News + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * RSS Entrepreneur + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * Partner Site + Chinese 中文 Startup * London proptech startup Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. 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Ltd. 8频道新闻及时事节目 8频道新闻及时事节目 Channel 8 News & Current Affairs * 新闻 * 专题报道 * 时事节目 ____________________ 搜寻 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 目录 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 新闻 * 首页 * 即时 * 新加坡 * 国际 * 财经 * 流行时尚 * 热门 * 直播室 * 晨光第一线 * 视频 * 相册 * 你来爆料 * 新闻主播 * 免费APP下载 * 存档 专题报道 * 专题报道 * 流行挖哇WOW * 科技一点通 * 总统选举2017 * 第29届东南亚运动会 * 2017年国庆群众大会 * 2017年国庆庆典 * 本地兹卡病情 * 奥斯曼渥 Othman Wok * 2017年财政预算案 * 新加坡国会 * 美国总统选举2016 * 前总统纳丹 * 奥运2016 * 武吉巴督区补选 * 建国总理李光耀 * 新加坡大选 时事节目 * 时事节目 * 狮城有约 * 星期二特写 * 财经追击 * 焦点 * 前线追踪 * 世界一周 * 点看预算案 * 有话要说 * 特备节目 * 一家都不能少 * 时事主持 目录 首页 国际 医学资讯：日本利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症 2017年9月25日 07:29 * A * A+ * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More 本地每年平均500名糖尿病病患 因心脏衰竭入院 （照片：Reuters） * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 医学资讯： 日本研发出利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症的系统。 《共同社》引述日本藤田保健卫生大学和第一生命保险公司的消息说，系统能预测糖尿病患者半年后是否会出现严重并发症。 研究小组为这套人工智能系统输入了同糖尿病有关的约2千500万部论文和13万2千名糖尿病等患者的电子病历、营养指导等记录，以进行预测。系统的准确 率可达百分之71。 研究人员认为，系统有助于病人在症状出现前，根据预测结果改变营养的摄取等，来对抗疾病。 - 958/JE * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 更多新闻 分享 * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More * 关于我们 * 联络方式 * 隐私声明 * 使用条例 * 免费APP下载 * RSS Feed * ____________________ (Search) SUBSCRIBE: Free email newsletter ____________________ Go! Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. Ad Space Marketing Interactive ©2018 Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. Footer Navigation * About Us * Contact Us * Content Policy * Advertise With Us * Privacy Policy * User Agreement #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月22日 technology Home China technology 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [29CHINAAI2-articleLarge.jpg] 美媒称，20日，中国制定了一项发展规划，希望在2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者，打造规模超过1万亿元的本土产业。 据美国《纽约时报》网站7月21日报道，国务院发布的这项政策阐述了中国政府最高层的意图：全球第二大经济体将投入大量资金，以确保企业、政府和军队跃 升为人工智能技术的全球领先者。很多人都认为，人工智能有朝一日会成为计算机技术的基础。 而与此同时，美国却在削减科学资金。特朗普政府提交的预算案建议削减一些传统上支持人工智能研究的机构的资源。而诸如高性能计算等领域的经费削减，也将 影响到人工智能辅助工具的开发。 报道称，中国的实力，特别是先进技术和新技术上的实力，长期落后于发达的邻国以及欧美发达国家。但是，一个为期数十年、追赶西方的产业政策已经给中国带 来了红利。 专家们认为，中国有越来越多的学科都取得了长足进展，人工智能就是其中之一。 报道称，北京对人工智能的兴趣已经引起了美国防务机构的警觉。 在这个新政策提出的时间表中，政府希望到2020年，中国公司和研究机构的总体技术和应用与美国这些居于世界先进水平的国家同步。之后再过5年，要求在 特定领域实现重大突破，人工智能成为中国“经济转型的主要动力”。 到了最后阶段，即2030年，中国将“成为世界主要人工智能创新中心”，而这反过来又将为中国“跻身创新型国家前列和经济强国奠定重要基础”。 报道认为，像这样的高级别声明，也是向全国各地的地方政府和公司发出一个信号。 这个新计划正式确定了一个之前在中国就已经广为人知的侧重点。很多地方政府都已经根据各种线索制定了特别的人工智能计划，建成了专注于A.I.研究的中 心。 许多地方正在人工智能上投入数以亿计的美元，有些地方的投入甚至更大。6月份，在北京以东的城市天津，市政府表示计划提供50亿美元的资金来支持人工智 能行业，而且还划出了一片20多平方公里的土地来建设“智能产业园”。 报道称，这一倡议也有可能会席卷中国私营企业。近年来，该国互联网搜索巨头百度已经在硅谷运行着一家人工智能研究中心，它在今年还宣布，将与政府合作， 建立一个新的实验室。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： China, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 台媒社论：台湾为何20年来选不出一个好领导人？ * 印任命前驻华大使为外交秘书 曾参与洞朗谈判 * 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 * 男子迷昏女保姆欲拍裸照 发生数次关系后将其杀害 @nanyangpost 的推文 版权 © 2012 - 南洋视界 Copyright © 南洋视界 - Crafted with by Templatesyard | Distributed By Gooyaabi Templates #企鹅新闻网 » Feed 企鹅新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 星期二, 一月 16, 2018 * RSS订阅 企鹅新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 Home 科技 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八... * 科技 * 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 2017年10月13日 0 16 人类对大数据进行计算分析的趋势并不会转瞬即逝。随着数据量的不断增加，对大数据的分析效果也会有所改善。说到关于预测分析的应用，其实我们只看到了冰 山一角。目前，它已经可以利用数据挖掘、机器学习和人工智能技术来分析数据，从而达到帮助企业的目的（比如预测销售，优化营销活动）。所有这一类型的人 工智能都与我们日常工作方式联系在一起，彻底改变了我们的生活，不过还有更多的技术有待改进。 以下是来自人工智能、大数据、预测分析和机器学习的一些重要数据： 1、到2018年，75%的开发商将会在更多的商业应用或服务中加入人工智能功能（来自IDC） 2、到2019年，IDC100%的物联网项目将得到人工智能的支持（来自IDC） 3、30%的公司将在2020年前使用人工智能技术来增加至少一个主要销售流程（来自Gartner） 4、算法将会在2018年改变全球数十亿人的行为（来自Gartner） 5、人工智能市场价值将在2020年超过400亿美元（来自Constellation?Research） 6、到2025年，人工智能将驱动95%的客户互动（来自Servion） 以下就是我们在2018年将关注的8个人工智能大趋势： 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 趋势一：大公司都将从人工智能获利 亚马逊、谷歌、Facebook和IBM，它们将在人工智能领域引领潮流。作为大公司，他们有合适的资源来收集数据，因此有更多的数据可以使用。以下就 是这些巨头玩家如何在AI领域布局的： 亚马逊： 投资人工智能20年以上，抓取了5B以上的网页数据，超过50万张JPEG图像和相应的JSON元数据，用以供给亚马逊运营中心的产品。每天抓取世界广 播、杂志和网络新闻的数据已超过2.5亿，每天抓取近100M图像和视频具有音频和视觉功能并带有注释。亚马逊Echo系列音箱已经占领了超过70%的 语音助手市场。 Google： 具有全世界最大的数据库，专注于应用和产品开发，而不是长期的AI研究。Google Brain拥有超过1300名研究人员的团队，在语音助理市场占有23.8％的用户份额。使用TensorFlow开源平台进行机器学习，允许任何人访 问机器学习平台。Google地球数据库的大小估计为3017 TB或大约3 PB，Google Street View有大约20PB的街景照片。 谷歌很可能在应用程序和产品开发及服务的部署方面都处于最前沿，它不仅是第一家开始研究人工智能的公司，而且拥有7万名员工。此外，谷歌拥有一个深度学 习人工智能研究项目Google Brain，它拥有一个团队，有自己的研究议程，研究领域涵盖了机器学习、自然语言理解、机器学习算法和技术，以及机器人。 Facebook： 每日处理2.5B的内容和500多TB的数据，Facebook ArticialIntelligence Researchers (FAIR)有大约80位研究人员和工程师，每天产生20亿“赞”和3000万照片，每30分钟扫描大约105 TB的数据建有一个62000平方英尺的数据中心，可容纳500个机架。每天翻译超过40种语言的20亿用户帖子，每天有8000万用户使用这些翻译。 IBM： 计划进行为期10年、价值2.4亿美元的投资来创建MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室。在全球拥有2000多名AI员工，在IBM总部拥有超过600名 AI员工，沃森用户跨越六大洲和超过25个国家，IBM向沃森项目投资10亿美元，其中包括1亿美元的风险投资。通过沃森生态系统建立了7000多个应 用。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：全球100家最有前途的人工智能公司名单 趋势二：算法与技术的整合 所有在人工智能领域投资的二级资本公司，比如英特尔、Salesforce和Twitter，都将追随拥有这些数据的大公司，并使用他们的数据算法和人 工智能。行业参与者之间将会发生数据交易，而且很有可能会整合算法和技术。数据的交易以及算法和技术的整合将使人工智能变得更加重要。 随着谷歌和Facebook等规模更大的公司收购小公司，更多的算法将被整合到它们的核心平台或解决方案中。总部位于英国伦敦的人工智能公司DeepM ind，构建了通用学习算法，被谷歌收购，以获得相对于其他科技公司的商业优势。另一方面，Facebook收购Wit.ai来提升自己的语音识别和语 音界面。该公司还收购了人工智能创业公司Ozlo，以完善其M虚拟助理服务。 趋势三：数据众包 所有的人工智能公司都追求巨大的数据库，以实现他们对人工智能的雄心壮志。这些公司将开始通过众包方式获取大量数据。企业已经找到了一种方法来评估众包 数据的质量和真实性，不仅给企业提供了便利，还能反馈信息给消费者。 OpenDataNow.com的创始人兼编辑Joel Gurin表示，“我们生活在一个众包文化的环境中，越来越多的人愿意和有兴趣通过社交媒体分享他们所知道的东西。” 谷歌通过众包的方式，获得了大量的图片，并构建了成像算法。该公司还利用众包来帮助改善服务，比如翻译、转录、手写识别和地图应用。而亚马逊还利用众包 的技术改善了Alexa的1.5万项现有技能。 趋势四：更多的并购将发生 CBInsights的统计数据显示，AI公司的收购竞争已经开始。2018年将是我们能看到的最多的公司收购和被收购的一年，因为这些公司必须争夺知 识资本和人才才不会被淘汰。机器学习/人工智能的所有小公司都将被大公司收购。有两个原因： AI在没有数据库的帮助下没法工作。因为大公司拥有大量的数据库，他们将对那些小公司造成巨大的压力。没有数据库的支持，算法将毫无用处。 同样如果没有算法，数据几乎也毫无用处。数据是算法的核心，大量的数据是至关重要的。 哥伦比亚大学创意机器人实验室的机器人工程师和总监Hod Lipson说，“数据是燃料，算法是引擎”。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：谷歌领跑近几年AI创企并购 趋势五：开放民主化的工具将获得市场份额 大公司将开始开放他们的算法和其他工具，以获得市场份额。以市场为基础的数据和算法进入壁垒将会减少，人工智能的新应用将会增加。通过开放平台和民主化 ，那些无法使用人工智能工具的小公司将可以获得大量的数据来研究人工智能算法。 正如谷歌首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）在谈到民主化的人工智能时所说的那样，“我们所能做的最激动人心的事情之一就是让机器学习和人工智能变得不再那么神秘。让所有人都能接触 到这一点很重要。” 此外，frameworks、SDKs and APIs将成为所有主要厂商对消费者开放使用的标准。所有的公司都将采用SaaS&PaaS商业模式。 趋势六：人机交互将得到改善 Siri和Alexa大概是目前最受欢迎的人机交互工具，与之类似的更多基于机器人的解决方案将是人工智能公司进入这个行业的门槛。例如，虽然机器已经 被编程用于语音分析和面部识别，但机器还得做到根据你的声音来识别你的情绪，也就是进行情绪分析。 制造自动化和非消费者焦点解决方案将是第一个要改进的解决方案/应用程序。制造自动化将主要归功于人工成本节约，使用包括自动化、机器人和先进制造技术 。非消费者解决方案的改进，例如在农业和医药领域执行任务的人机交互，也将在2018年流行起来。 趋势七：人工智能将渐渐地对所有垂直领域产生影响 制造、客户服务、保健、医疗保健和交通运输的领域已经受到AI的影响，自动驾驶汽车预计将在2018年上市。明年，会有更多的领域受到人工智能的影响。 以下是人工智能对不同行业影响的例子： 保险——AI将通过自动化改进索赔流程。 法律——NLP可以在几分钟内总结成千上万页的法律文件，从而减少查阅时间和提高效率。 PR＆media——AI将帮助快速处理数据。 教育——虚拟导师的发展；人工智能帮助打分数；制定适应性学习计划，游戏和软件;以AI为导向的个性化教育计划将改变学生和老师的互动。 健康——机器学习可用于创建更复杂，更准确的方法来在患者出现症状之前预测疾病 正如工业革命在100年前几乎改变了一切一样，人工智能将在未来几年改变这个世界。 趋势八： 安全、隐私及伦理道德问题 在人工智能的保护伞下，诸如机器学习和大数据等问题，都很容易触及到安全及隐私问题。有时基础设施扮演着很重要的角色。与隐私问题有关的安全需求，如将 银行帐户和健康信息保密，将会对研究的安全性有更大的要求。2018年，有关安全和隐私的问题将得到解决，这一年，也是人工智能可能出现新的发展的一年 。 人工智能的伦理问题也将成为2018年的主要问题，需要解决的伦理和道德问题包括人工智能对人类有哪些好处和坏处。人们也对机器人取代人类的可能性感到 担忧，比如护士、治疗师或警察，另一个需要处理的问题是自主武器。 | 结语 尽管人工智能已经存在多年，但我们今天所知道的人工智能仍处于起步阶段。围绕着AI及其各种应用，从自动车辆到虚拟个人助理以及大量执行人工智能相关的 技术，已经引起了大肆宣传。尽管现在已经出现了大量的人工智能用例，但是大多数都是为了改进配置，做更好的辅助。此外，在人工智能行业中，没有多少玩家 ，因此碎片将不会出现，而非结构化数据和算法将会变得十分可用。 总之，人工智能的生命刚刚开始，而且它还有很长的路要走。 分享： 前一篇文章AI可怕吗？警惕我们对它犯下七宗罪 下一篇文章孩子为什么哭－做个细心的妈妈 qienews 相关文章作者其它文章 今天谷歌的封面被这个中国人刷屏了！他穷尽一生让世界... 新华网:引爆全民答题狂欢 直播答题是风口还是黑洞？... “国家的需要，就是我的责任”——追忆“两弹一星”功... 举国沸腾！这名中国博士重磅宣布，建材和能源历史将被... 马斯克”太空跑车”或引起外... 几分钟就能溶解血块？ 澳科学家钻研心脏病中风难题 本周熱門 留学澳洲6年花了200万人民币，回国底薪2000元，海归就业“薪情”到底如何 2018年1月12日 2018澳网一触即发！家门口这么多的天王天后和中国金花 不看就太可惜了！ 2018年1月14日 2018 新年华人板球活动开始了！有微信讲解 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CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 游戏人工智能分类目录Feed AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 分类目录归档：游戏人工智能 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 发表于2017年7月3日由lili 最近半年 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 大局洞察, 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 CounterFactual Regret Minimization, Game AI, MaxMin Search, Monte Carlo Tree Search | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 发表于2016年11月1日由lili 游戏智能 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 有限状态机, 游戏 | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之二:再次进行准备 发表于2016年9月26日由lili 上次准备 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能 | 标签为 clash, 人工智能, 游戏 | 留下评论 游戏智能系列之一:一些准备工作 发表于2016年9月5日由lili 一直想开 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 游戏 | 留下评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate next IFRAME: //www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5HH6L7 * 10414 jobs globally for professionals and students in Finance, Banking, Accounting and Insurance * Job Search * News & Advice + News + Advice + Students * Recruiters * Candidate Sign In + Sign In + Register free today + and unlock the following premium features _________________________________________________________ + Build your career Profile + Upload CV & Cover Letters + Save jobs + Create custom Job Alerts + Manage your account + Register now eFinancialCareers 1529 jobs < ____________________ × > < ____________________ × > Sorry, search needs to be by multiples of city OR country, not a mix of both. 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PROJECT MANAGER - SimCorp Dimension - APAC + Attractive fixed price rates! + Singapore + Contract, Full time + Skillfinder International + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 5. Process & Quality Specialist Front Support + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 6. Associate - Real Estate Portfolio Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 7. VP, Client Services, Fund Services + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 8. Senior Fund Accountant/Supervisor/Manager - Hedge Fund Accountant + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 9. Investment Associate AD with a renowned and global investment firm + Mkt Range + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + The Cap Consulting Group Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 10. IMD, GSAM, Fundamental Equities, VP - Singapore + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Goldman Sachs International + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 11. GCG - Citi Priority - Acquisitions Head + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 12. Finance, Manager/ Senior Manager - Asset Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 13. Investment Risk, Equities/Fixed Income, AVP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Pure Search International Singapore Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 14. Product Development Director - ETF + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 15. Retail Sales/Wholesale Distribution - AVP/VP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 16. Command Centre Operations, Analyst + Not Specified + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + BlackRock + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 17. Financial Analyst- Real Estate Private Equity + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 18. Finance Manager (Asset Management) + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 19. Head of Compliance + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Corecam Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 20. ICG (TTS) Trade Finance Product Manager - ASEAN + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 21. GCG - Vice President, API Business Development Regional Digital Channels + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 22. 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Find out what's changing Back to current search __________________________________________________________________ What will I get? * Better company sector categorisation * Easier access to job sectors * Ability to feedback on the search beta experience What won't I get? * Ability to set up job alerts It's easy to opt out of the beta if you want to set up a job alert and you can return at any time #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 95 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * MySQL自动化运维及语句审核工具 Inception的... 78 views * EMQTT启用密码认证 71 views CAPTION: 2018年一月 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 « 12月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 标签 Apache CentOS Composer GIT HTML5 http http2 HTTP协议 InnoDB Linux Mac memcache mongodb MQTT Mysql Nginx phalcon PHP PHP7 shell Socket swoole tcp thinkphp ubuntu 人工智能 优化 分布式 协程 压力测试 原创 多线程 安全 并发 异步 性能 推送 架构 框架 消息 程序员 缓存 编程 非阻塞 高并发 近期评论 * XRumerTest发表在《Ubuntu 命令技巧》 * order online canada发表在《PHP 知识补全 —— 生成器 （generator）和协程的实现》 * manicure发表在《PHP 7 性能改进 (1/5): Packed arrays》 * James发表在《php实现协程，真正的异步》 * https://www.viagrasansordonnancefr.com/achat-sildenafil-citrate-bod ybuilding/发表在《文件服务器集群 采用Rsync+sersync同步主从文件FTP》 分类目录 * Apache (16) * Linux (112) * Mac OS (15) * Mysql (159) * Nginx (41) * Nosql (25) * PHP (449) * Vim (6) * web前端 (39) * Wordpress (1) * 个人日志 (24) * 云计算 (2) * 人工智能 (7) * 创业 (9) * 工具 (23) * 建站 (39) * 开源 (10) * 架构 (87) * 概念 (43) * 物联网 (14) * 移动互联网 (16) * 编程 (146) * 趋势 (6) 文章归档 文章归档 [选择月份...........] 功能 * 登录 * 文章RSS * 评论RSS * WordPress.org 链接表 * 2016年最新PHP学习路线图 * apachelounge * apistore * C/C++学习 * Chrisyue's Blog * coding * Composer * devstore * draveness * gaojinbo * git – 简易指南 * Github 中国用户排名 * github 排行榜 * Git客户端 * GoodUI * HTTPS安全检测 * http状态码 * idea blog * IT技术博客大学习 * Jordi Boggiano 站点统计 日志总数：1269篇 评论总数：54条 分类总数：23个 标签总数：252个 友情链接：96个 网站运行：2172天 最后更新：2018年1月14日 Copyright © 2012-2018 Lenix Blog. 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #新加坡眼 » Feed 新加坡眼 » 评论Feed alternate alternate 新加坡眼 新加坡本地的最新资讯 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 订阅RSS 邮件订阅 - 最后更新：2018-01-15 订阅源：RSS QQ邮箱 * 新加坡眼官方网站现已正式上线 * 喜大普奔，欢迎注册 * 新加坡旅行频道已经开通，更多精美图文攻略，敬请关注 [weibo.png] 新浪微博 [job.gif] 招聘信息 [together.gif] 网友聚会 [fb-logo.png] Facebook 网站导航 * 首页 * 博文 * 美食 * 狮城新闻 * 旅游 + 狮城旅游 + 狮城新闻 * 文史政论 * 政策 * 房产 * 留学教育 + 中小学留学 + 政府大学 + 私立大学留学 * 活动 * 购物消费 * 招聘求职 * 杂录 * 生活信息 * 联络我们 首页 > 活动 > 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 2017 10-13 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 新加坡眼 活动 围观180次 留下评论 编辑日期：2017-11-16 字体：大 中 小 translation ad 小编：新加坡总理李显龙最近出访中国，感叹中国的移动支付，指出“我的部长在上海买栗子像个乡巴佬”。大家不禁感慨中国的“新四大发明”是啥？高铁，移 动支付，共享单车，网购。这四大发明都离不开这几年最火的话题——人工智能技术。近期，新加坡政府也提出5年1.5亿，想让新加坡成为一个人工智能强国 ，实施“国家人工智能核心计划 ”。 新加坡“国家人工核心计划”也吸引着来自英国伦敦的Forward Leading公司，不远万里将在新加坡万豪董厦酒店迎来他们在亚洲市场的首场会议——大数据和人工智能领袖峰会。峰会汇聚四国人工智能大咖，阵容高、 大、上，等你来参与！ 领袖峰会汇聚来自新中英美四国顶级企业的大数据和人工智能技术的大咖，囊括最尖端前沿的行业话题，包括人工智能与大数据、数字营销与电子商务、策略与创 新等。集结来自不同行业的技术先锋和商业领袖，打造独一无二的会议学习社交体验。与会嘉宾将有机会听到演讲者分享成功经验，和业界先驱一道学习精彩案例 ，和不同行业的同道者一起群策群力、集思广益，从而克服挑战，取得新的商业成功。 – 首席运营官，澳新银行（ANZ Bank） – 首席数据官，友盟+，阿里巴巴 – 首席数据官，渣打银行（Standard chartered Bank） – 首席计算工程师，劳斯莱斯（Rolls-Royce） – ASPAC地区首席信息官及副总裁，强生（Johnson&Johnson） – 商业分析专业主任，伦敦大学学院（University College London) – 全球人工智能产品总监，西门子（Siemens） – 新加坡IT中心执行总监，默沙东(MSD) – AI行业创新总监，国家人工智能核心计划（AI.Singapore） Forward Leading邀请到了来自中国阿里巴巴旗下的全域数据服务平台友盟+的首席数据官李丹枫博士。根小编了解，友盟+的数据体量在全球范围内也是数一数二 的，目前覆盖了135万个APP，685万个网站，每天能触达的全球移动设备有14亿。李丹枫博士本次分享的不仅仅是数据挖掘机器学习方面的，他将会讲 到数据驱动智能，怎么从弱人工智能走向强人工智能，光听着就是一个好高大上的话题。其他国家的大咖也是创新技术多多啊！ 大咖分享的内容不仅仅局限在研究的技术层面，大部分技术都已经很接地气，很多技术已经在公司内部管理、运营等方面经过反复实践操作。此外，大咖分享的内 容更跳出公司的框架去覆盖本行业和其它行业。 实在是满满的干货和硬货！下面仅列举几个演讲的标题： – AI与商业的未来 – 人类在AI世界的角色 – AI和机器学习如何瓦解企业银行 – 从标准化分析到值得信赖的数据发现 – 机器学习辅助洞察用户的行为数据 – 人工智能 – 创新和智能工程的新动力 – 深层成像-临床决策中的自动化和深度学习 – AI聊天机器人的发展和崛起 从左至右依次是英国UCL的Daniel Hulme博士，阿里巴巴友盟+的李丹枫博士及来自美国硅谷Drive.AI的Brody Huv 不光是交换名片，互相寒暄两句，主办方也专门设计了高端小规模的早午茶歇、午餐和鸡尾酒会等社交环节，以及特意设计的社交破冰和收尾总结环节。也是希望 保证每一位来宾都有足够的时间和机会与演讲大咖以及其他大咖进行深度有效的交流。 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 峰会主题：大数据和人工智能领袖峰会 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 和大数据和人工智能领袖峰会同时同酒店进行的还有Forward Leading旗下的旗舰品牌会议数字营销领袖峰会，演讲嘉宾包括： – 数字体验副总裁，星和（Starhub） – 日本及亚太区数字运营总监，谷歌（Google） – 社会媒体总监，金沙江（Maria Bay Sands） – 数字和消费者引导总监，可口可乐（Coca-Cola） – 零售策略和全球电商资深副总裁，施耐德电气（Schneider Electric） – 亚太营销合作项目主管，脸谱网（Facebook） – 亚洲社交媒体领导，Spotify – 亚太数字营销经理，宝洁（P&G） – 数字互动和参与总监，世界自然基金（WWF） – 增长和营销资深总监，天巡（Skyscanner）等等 峰会主题：数字营销领袖峰会 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 新加坡眼也将和Forward Leading在数字营销领袖峰会上展开合作，带来一场关于全球大数据、人工智能和数字营销的内容分享。关注新加坡眼的你如果有兴趣参加大数据和人工智 能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会，还可以享受独家九折优惠，注册大数据和人工智能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会会议，请直接点击这里，并根据提示，输入折扣 码Yan90。 或者联系会议经理Thomas，邮箱：thomas@forwardleading.co.uk, 电话：+44 20 3813 7955，了解双峰会通票、团体折扣和发票支付等更多信息。这个月月底，我们期待在万豪董厦与你相会！ * 本文固定链接: http://www.yan.sg/dengnilaicanjiande/ * 转载请注明: 新加坡眼 2017年10月13日 于 新加坡眼 发表 喜欢本文，那就分享到： 最后编辑：2017-11-16 作者：新加坡眼 这个作者貌似有点懒，什么都没有留下。 站内专栏 我是新航预备空姐，却被莫名其妙拒了工作准证 主持奥斯卡的新加坡媳妇，连生娃都这么霸气 translation ad 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苏德铭来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的 使用，提高生产力、创造新产品。 我国将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、研究机构、起步公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识、制造有用的工具，以及培养人才，以把握数码经济的增长 机遇。 新加坡国立研究基金会推出“新加坡全国人工智能核心”（AI.SG）计划，结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的使用。 通讯及新闻部长雅国博士昨日在创新科技展（Innovfest Unbound）的开幕仪式上致词时，宣布上述消息。 未来五年，国立研究基金会将为AI.SG拨款1亿5000万元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高 生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工技能方案的商业化。初步目标是在五年内促成100项这类方案，并会先着重于城市管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 雅国博士举例说，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境（augmented reality），让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加强医护人员的培训。 成立联合平台 推动数据科技应用 与企业合作方面，AI.SG将举办交流活动与编程马拉松（hackathon），同企业乃至个人一起为现实生活中的问题寻找解决方案。 另外，它将营造一个创客空间（makerspace），通过共用资源与设施，促进人工智能相关企业与个人之间的交流与合作。 雅国昨天也宣布成立“新加坡数据科学联合平台”（Singapore Data Science Consortium），促进业界、高等学府及研究中心的数据科学研究，推动数据科技的应用。 他说：“人工智能与数据科学都是新加坡政府要创建及把握的前沿科技。长远来看，有关的投资将为所有国人增加经济机会。” AI.SG管理委员会由政府机构、研究机构及业界代表组成，新加坡国立大学常务副校长（研究与科技）兼陈振传百年纪念教授何德华担任执行主席。他也领导 新加坡数据科学联合平台。 何德华受访时说，希望国人不要过于担心人工智能会取代人类，减少就业机会。他说：“我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被 人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 昨日于滨海湾金沙举行的创新科技展吸引了1万多名与会者，以及350家科技业者参展。 其中，参展的智能复健起步公司FlexoSense发明了一种压力感应器，可安装在糖尿病患者的鞋垫上，测量病患是否在脚底的溃疡处施加过多的压力。 若情况控制不当，糖尿病足部溃疡可导致截肢，本地每五名截肢的病患就有一人于一年内死亡。 公司联合创办人谢丽萍受访时说，感应器的使用普及后，收集到的数据可通过人工智能进一步发展成预测溃疡发作可能性的科技，好让医护人员及时提供预防溃疡 的意见。 她说：“一些医院已对我们的科技表示兴趣。它们都说，这个科技将颠覆目前的作业方式。” (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 人工智能产业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 * 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 * 女邻被狗咬 指狗主拒赔 狗主：警调查中 * 全身73%烧伤 工人毁容不丧志 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 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[zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 路透社 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 饮者将每一次品尝葡萄酒后的味道记录在人工智能软件里，从不停累积的数据建立饮者的品味模型。（Docurbs提供） 　　人工智能软件记录并分析消费者的品酒喜好，这些数据可用在建立饮者类别的感官模型，让生产商洞悉哪些味道刺激饮者感官。然而，人工智能无法预测一瓶 葡萄酒的成长结果，机器也无法取代专业侍酒师的味蕾，以及传达品酒文化。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 最新阅读 * 爱看书的小孙女 * 新年玩什么？ * 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 * 文学讲座接踵登场 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.34% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.32% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.41% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.93% (130 votes) Total votes: 816 * 更多 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 2017城市小贩美食 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * 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(BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能产业 银行业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.34% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.32% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.41% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.93% (130 votes) Total votes: 816 * 更多 最新阅读 * 金融业纠纷调解中心 接获投诉减少18％ * 集团董事经理陈怀丹： 新海逸要抓住进场购地好时机 * 了解债券到期日与票息率 * 海峡时报指数 ST Index 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 人工智能 人工智能 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 中国著名资深媒体人杨澜为纪录片《探寻人工智能》，走访20多个城市，采访80多位专家。在探索旅程结束时，她认为人类智能多元丰富，人工智能要在这部 分理解和运用自如，说不定永远也不会发生。 15/01/2018 (Submit) (Submit) 马化腾： 破解网络登录验证码 中国团伙技术水平领先全球 15/01/2018 南大虚拟导师系统让医学生获针对性指导 08/01/2018 虚拟实境让理工生熟悉业界新科技 08/01/2018 王元丰：教育如何应对人工智能等挑战 28/12/2017 谷歌在北京设人工智能研究中心 14/12/2017 国际 复杂的时代 最需要“复杂”的紫色？ 08/12/2017 专栏 阿果：不失浮萍之轻盈 29/11/2017 美国智库：中国人工智能技术 五年内可能追上美国 29/11/2017 新加坡 字述一年 2017：智 21/11/2017 国际 英国公路四年内将出现无人驾驶车 20/11/2017 * 更多 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 言论 想法 吴汉钧：人工智能与大失业时代降临 2017年6月4日 星期日 04:30 AM文/吴汉钧来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 国际漫游 去年到北欧自驾看北极光。在挪威北部城市特罗姆瑟，所有停车场无人看管，收费机器只收信用卡。加油站没有服务员，司机自行刷卡添油。纳尔维克市的列车站 没有站长和服务员，只有几个轨道维修工人和一个旅游局人员。乘客以信用卡在售票机买票，火车到站自行上车下车。虽然没有出现机器人提供服务的场景，但全 自动化运作的背后，是相当完善的智能操作系统。 近日，阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）三战完胜世界排名第一的围棋高手柯洁，让人工智能将取代人类的热点话题再度发酵。许多有识之士早已视人工智能为洪水 猛兽。他们认为，人工智能有朝一日会控制和消灭它们的造物主。 不少经济学家也认为，人工智能将促使就业市场走向不可持续的未来。英国牛津大学学者卡尔·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）和迈克尔·奥斯本（Michael A. Osborne）仔细研究了美国就业市场702种工作电脑化的可行性。他们在2013年发表的研究报告指出，有47%的工作将在未来10年至20年内被 人工智能取代。高失业风险的工作包括交通和物流、办公室与行政支援、生产线、服务业等，冲击较小的是需要创意和社交能力的工作，如学校教师、服装设计师 、导游等。 将近一半的工作在20年内将由人工智能代劳，我们无疑将迎来人类史上的大失业时代。 将会被人工智能取代的工作，就包括新闻报道，人工智能可以把文告和财经数据改写成新闻。现在谷歌翻译的准确度已相当高，很快就能担当翻译或口译的工作。 司机很有可能在10年内被人工智能取代，汽车、公共巴士、货运车会像地铁系统般完全自动化。 不过，就像工业革命终结了旧工作、制造了新工作，人工智能革命也会如此。在电脑出现以前，数学计算须要靠很多人来完成；计算机和电脑出现以后，取代了计 算人员的工作，但也创造了对程序人员的需求。电脑和互联网帮助企业壮大，间接制造了更多其他就业机会。人工智能时代制造的新工作，可能是现在我们想象不 到的，也不会怀念失去的旧工作。今天，谁还会怀念洗衣机出现之前的洗衣工作呢？ 不容否认的是，社会上仍会有一大群人将失去工作和收入。人们没钱买东西，消费需求降低，经济增长将失去动力。另一方面，财富将进一步集中在大量使用人工 智能的资本家手里，社会贫富差距进一步扩大，经济成为富人俱乐部的活动。政府和经济学家要开始思考，如何确保人们失去工作，但仍保持最低消费力。去年， 瑞士公决“全民基本收入”制度，全民无条件每月领取2500瑞士法郎（约3600新元），在某种程度上就是为这种大失业时代做准备；公投最终不获通过。 今年，芬兰开展一项为期两年的社会实验，2000名失业者每月将获得560欧元（约870新元）的“无条件基本收入”。没工作而有基本收入的人，能否继 续对社会作出贡献，两年后或许能看出一些端倪。 工作除了为工资，也满足心理需求。根据心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论，工作可以满足人类自我实现和自我超越的心理需求。当人们不再工作时，这种心理需 求无法获得满足，家庭与社会面貌将产生何种变化？当然，从另一个角度来说，当人们不再为三餐奔波，就有时间从事自己真正热爱的事情，更好地实现自我和超 越自我。 （作者是本报评论员　nghk@sph.com.sg） (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 失业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 叶鹏飞：“屎工”、聪明人与多能鄙事 * 何惜薇：非关有心或无意 * 杨萌：加把劲分享健康记录 * 黄伟曼：当读书人遇到船夫 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 免费精选 * 电子报 * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobao-logo.svg] [zaobao-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * ZShop 集品店 全新中小企业资讯网 直播 视频 深夜好读 生活补给站 完成一个梦 我是小某某 首页 新闻 中国新闻 中国特稿：中国人工智能提速飞飙 2017年7月23日 星期日 03:30 AM文/孟丹丹来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　中国工程院院士潘云鹤：人工智能对中国经济增长的作用至关重要。（新华社） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　硬蛋科技首席技术官李世鹏：在全球第三次人工智能热潮中，中国将有机会实现换道超车。（李世鹏提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　百度创始人、董事长兼首席执行官李彦宏：在（中国）这样的市场中，人工智能如鱼得水，我们不领先世界真的是说不过去。（互联网） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　云迹科技公司联合创始人支涛：云迹研发生产的酒店跑腿机器人“润”已拿到百多家酒店的订单。（支涛提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　　中国劳动力成本上升，“酒店机器人”概念已从噱头转化为市场需求。左图这台名为“润”的酒店机器人一天工作24小时，主要为客人运送牙膏、手巾等用 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SME专访 * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share on Google+ * Share on LinkedIn * Share on WhatsApp 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 By 李蕙心 Lianhe Zaobao 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 贤能集团董事经理林隆田认为，现在的社会讲究数据分析，因此公司须要自动化数码技术的帮助，推动业务发展。 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 20 Oct 2017 - 03:30 贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，公司积极利用数码科技，包括采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 房地产管理不再只是单纯出租空间和收租，而是要迎合市场潮流和需求改变经营模式，包括采用数码科技。贤能集团（LHN Group）计划采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 成立于1991年的贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，在这个讲究数码化科技的时代，公司也积极在运作上采用多种数码技术，其中一项就是利用人工智能 提高客户服务素质。 通过聊天软件 提供咨询服务 贤能集团董事经理林隆田接受联合早报访问时说，公司发现越来越多人喜欢用手机聊天软件，他们宁愿发短信询问也不愿打热线电话，公司于是在数月前开始通过 手机聊天软件为客户提供咨询服务。 “客户对这项新服务的反应非常热烈，以致于我们决定在公司网站上添加聊天机器人（chatbot）功能，利用人工智能技术来回答客户的询问。这项服务预 计会在六个月内推出。” 聊天机器人表面上看来只能为客户解答疑问，但其实还可延伸出更多功能，甚至可能为公司带来更多生意，关键在于大数据科技。 林隆田指出，每位首次联系公司询问的人都是潜在的客户，他们同聊天机器人对话时输入的基本资料如姓名、所属公司和联络方式，都可存入公司电脑系统中。系 统就会自动为询问者开设资料档，方便公司销售人员联络。 如果是现有客户或较早前向聊天机器人查询的人，只要输入名字或公司名称，系统就会调阅出之前存档的资料，就能延续之前的咨询服务。公司计划在半年到一年 内推出这项服务。 他说：“数码技术不仅能帮你整理资料，最重要的是它能帮你输入资料。输入资料是很繁琐的工作，会加重员工的负担。以前是把资料写在本子里，是非常直接简 单的事，但要输入电脑又要多一重工作。现在的社会讲究数据分析，把资料存档并进行比对，所以我们须要这类自动化数码技术的帮助。” 公司也计划把这项技术用在涉及大量数字的财务管理工作，以节省人工输入数据的时间。 公司的销售人员也随身携带平板电脑与客户接洽，客户在签约时可直接在平板电脑上签名，接着就会收到合同的电子版本。销售人员再也不用携带多份打印好的合 同外出，更免去了把合同放入文件夹存档的麻烦。 大胆谨慎地向外扩张 政府呼吁本地企业走出国门，公司在2013年便把事业版图扩大到海外，如今在印度尼西亚、缅甸和中国都有业务。公司采取“大胆且谨慎”的策略，一步步地 向外扩张。 林隆田解释，“大胆”指的是要勇于开拓新市场，“谨慎”则是要在经营海外业务时密切留意营业情况，以避免出现亏损，因此扩张速度将是缓慢稳健的。 自2015年在新加坡交易所上市的贤能集团，今年已是第三次获颁金字品牌奖。能持续获奖意味着公司稳健发展，而要长期良好经营，有赖于公司采取的“灵活 应变”策略。 林隆田说，公司积极掌握业界发展趋势并及时调整营业模式和服务形式。 “在以往，我们接触的大多租户是中小企业，现在则有许多起步公司。这些公司的经营方式不同，我们必须进一步了解他们的业务，才能创造适合他们的产品。再 也不只是找一些办公空间，然后等租户来租。你必须主动去了解市场，而不是闭门造车，然后等着市场买单。” 公司于是从五年前开始便推出多项新服务，如服务办公室（serviced office）、服务公寓、工作与仓储（Work Plus Store，简称WPS）空间服务和个人仓储（self storage）。 培训是栽培人才重要一环 一家公司要顺利运作，还要靠职员的努力和贡献。林隆田认为，在对待职员方面，要给予信任和一定的决策权，让他们有机会学习新事物。在人才选拔上，公司看 重的是对方要努力好学的态度。 “只要他肯学而且有发展潜力，我们愿意提供培训，我认为培训是栽培人才的重要一环。” 贤能集团今年获颁“悠久品牌奖”，这不是该集团首次获得金字品牌奖，对公司而言，再度获奖不仅是一种认可，也鼓励它继续努力去打造强有力的品牌。林隆田 曾经说过，他对“贤能”这个品牌的目标是：“希望人们想要租用商业和工业空间时，就会想到我们。” 新闻电邮速递 用电邮注册加入我们的 新闻电邮速递，了解最新的中小企业相关新闻、意见及活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 你是中小企业老板吗？* (_) 是 (_) 否 [_] 我已经阅读并同意接受 隐私权条规* (注册) 注册 * 必填字段 More Stories ZB_0112_CJ_doc6ycpiw2qfc419e4hjjiu_121741391_lownc.jpg 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 　　明眼看名商 整合，基本上是把分散的资源和各不相同的方法进行有序的调度、组合、配置，从而收到最佳效果。 　　在经济全球化的过程中，整合不仅是挑战，也是机遇，许多现代商业高手就是运用这种整合的方法取得良好效果。 ZB_0114_CJ_doc6ycprbja4jk16zenom88_12155205_limsp.jpg 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 　　在新科大的这家咖啡馆，是本地数一数二为特需者而设的。由新科大学生设计的厨房与用餐环境，为特需者创造就业机会，也为残障人士上咖啡馆提供有利的 元素。 ZB_0112_CJ_doc6y90mebcjpk1aq5pb4ur_11193754_fangkai.jpg 兄弟追梦共创业 SME专访 Jan 12, 2018 兄弟追梦共创业 　　陈顺麟自小喜欢绘画和缝纫，尤其钟爱礼服和晚装这类华丽服饰。三年多前决定放弃从事了20多年的平面设计工作，2016年跟当化妆师的哥哥一起开婚 纱店，圆了服装设计的梦。 an SPH Website * StraitsTimes * The BusinessTimes * Lianhe Zaobao * Lianhe Wanbao * Shin Min Daily News * The SME Magazine * RSS Feed * RSS Feed * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus To subscribe to any of our products visit www.sphsubscription.com.sg or call +63 6388 3838 * 最新消息 * SME专访 * 老板生意经 * 专家讲堂 * SME百宝箱 * 奖项 + 新加坡金字品牌奖 + 新加坡邻里企业之星 * 敢敢问 * 活动 * AsiaOne * Lianhe Wanbao * SGCarMart * STProperty * Berita Harian * ShareInvestor * The Straits Times * BTINVEST * OMY * STCars * Tabla * The Business Times * The New Paper * STClassifieds * Tamil Murasu * Hardwarezone * RAZORTV * STOMP * Zaobao * 关于我们 * 联络我们 * 协助 * 广告联络 * 网络条款 * 资料保护 * 报业控股数码新闻 © 2017 Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Co. Regn No. 198402868E #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this 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Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. The... * Business Development Executive Hiring Business Development Executive, please email to [email protected] * Recent Posts * Forum Topics * About QRInno and Platform + About QRInno + Why Choose QRInno? + Vision, Mission and Value + Experience and Development + Contact us * Industrial Partnership + Industrial Partnership + Product Lifecycle Management + Recruitment and Employment + Terms of Use + Privacy Policy * Our Services + Our Services + Online Service Delivery Model + Offline Service Delivery Model + Help & Support Copyright © 2014 QRInno Pte. Ltd. #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Three EECS professors join leadership team13/01/2018 + Aside Design * RSS Developers + Smarter is: Putting renewable energy on the map Vestas Wind Systems of Aarhus, Denmark uses IBM InfoSph […] + Smarter is: Saving minds, saving lives Columbia University Medical Center's Neuro-ICU use […] * RSS Cloud News + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * RSS Entrepreneur + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * Partner Site + Chinese 中文 Startup * London proptech startup Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. 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Ltd. 8频道新闻及时事节目 8频道新闻及时事节目 Channel 8 News & Current Affairs * 新闻 * 专题报道 * 时事节目 ____________________ 搜寻 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 目录 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 新闻 * 首页 * 即时 * 新加坡 * 国际 * 财经 * 流行时尚 * 热门 * 直播室 * 晨光第一线 * 视频 * 相册 * 你来爆料 * 新闻主播 * 免费APP下载 * 存档 专题报道 * 专题报道 * 流行挖哇WOW * 科技一点通 * 总统选举2017 * 第29届东南亚运动会 * 2017年国庆群众大会 * 2017年国庆庆典 * 本地兹卡病情 * 奥斯曼渥 Othman Wok * 2017年财政预算案 * 新加坡国会 * 美国总统选举2016 * 前总统纳丹 * 奥运2016 * 武吉巴督区补选 * 建国总理李光耀 * 新加坡大选 时事节目 * 时事节目 * 狮城有约 * 星期二特写 * 财经追击 * 焦点 * 前线追踪 * 世界一周 * 点看预算案 * 有话要说 * 特备节目 * 一家都不能少 * 时事主持 目录 首页 国际 医学资讯：日本利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症 2017年9月25日 07:29 * A * A+ * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More 本地每年平均500名糖尿病病患 因心脏衰竭入院 （照片：Reuters） * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 医学资讯： 日本研发出利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症的系统。 《共同社》引述日本藤田保健卫生大学和第一生命保险公司的消息说，系统能预测糖尿病患者半年后是否会出现严重并发症。 研究小组为这套人工智能系统输入了同糖尿病有关的约2千500万部论文和13万2千名糖尿病等患者的电子病历、营养指导等记录，以进行预测。系统的准确 率可达百分之71。 研究人员认为，系统有助于病人在症状出现前，根据预测结果改变营养的摄取等，来对抗疾病。 - 958/JE * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 更多新闻 分享 * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More * 关于我们 * 联络方式 * 隐私声明 * 使用条例 * 免费APP下载 * RSS Feed * ____________________ (Search) SUBSCRIBE: Free email newsletter ____________________ Go! Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. Ad Space Marketing Interactive ©2018 Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. Footer Navigation * About Us * Contact Us * Content Policy * Advertise With Us * Privacy Policy * User Agreement #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月22日 technology Home China technology 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [29CHINAAI2-articleLarge.jpg] 美媒称，20日，中国制定了一项发展规划，希望在2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者，打造规模超过1万亿元的本土产业。 据美国《纽约时报》网站7月21日报道，国务院发布的这项政策阐述了中国政府最高层的意图：全球第二大经济体将投入大量资金，以确保企业、政府和军队跃 升为人工智能技术的全球领先者。很多人都认为，人工智能有朝一日会成为计算机技术的基础。 而与此同时，美国却在削减科学资金。特朗普政府提交的预算案建议削减一些传统上支持人工智能研究的机构的资源。而诸如高性能计算等领域的经费削减，也将 影响到人工智能辅助工具的开发。 报道称，中国的实力，特别是先进技术和新技术上的实力，长期落后于发达的邻国以及欧美发达国家。但是，一个为期数十年、追赶西方的产业政策已经给中国带 来了红利。 专家们认为，中国有越来越多的学科都取得了长足进展，人工智能就是其中之一。 报道称，北京对人工智能的兴趣已经引起了美国防务机构的警觉。 在这个新政策提出的时间表中，政府希望到2020年，中国公司和研究机构的总体技术和应用与美国这些居于世界先进水平的国家同步。之后再过5年，要求在 特定领域实现重大突破，人工智能成为中国“经济转型的主要动力”。 到了最后阶段，即2030年，中国将“成为世界主要人工智能创新中心”，而这反过来又将为中国“跻身创新型国家前列和经济强国奠定重要基础”。 报道认为，像这样的高级别声明，也是向全国各地的地方政府和公司发出一个信号。 这个新计划正式确定了一个之前在中国就已经广为人知的侧重点。很多地方政府都已经根据各种线索制定了特别的人工智能计划，建成了专注于A.I.研究的中 心。 许多地方正在人工智能上投入数以亿计的美元，有些地方的投入甚至更大。6月份，在北京以东的城市天津，市政府表示计划提供50亿美元的资金来支持人工智 能行业，而且还划出了一片20多平方公里的土地来建设“智能产业园”。 报道称，这一倡议也有可能会席卷中国私营企业。近年来，该国互联网搜索巨头百度已经在硅谷运行着一家人工智能研究中心，它在今年还宣布，将与政府合作， 建立一个新的实验室。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： China, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 台媒社论：台湾为何20年来选不出一个好领导人？ * 印任命前驻华大使为外交秘书 曾参与洞朗谈判 * 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 * 男子迷昏女保姆欲拍裸照 发生数次关系后将其杀害 @nanyangpost 的推文 版权 © 2012 - 南洋视界 Copyright © 南洋视界 - Crafted with by Templatesyard | Distributed By Gooyaabi Templates #企鹅新闻网 » Feed 企鹅新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 星期二, 一月 16, 2018 * RSS订阅 企鹅新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 Home 科技 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八... * 科技 * 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 2017年10月13日 0 16 人类对大数据进行计算分析的趋势并不会转瞬即逝。随着数据量的不断增加，对大数据的分析效果也会有所改善。说到关于预测分析的应用，其实我们只看到了冰 山一角。目前，它已经可以利用数据挖掘、机器学习和人工智能技术来分析数据，从而达到帮助企业的目的（比如预测销售，优化营销活动）。所有这一类型的人 工智能都与我们日常工作方式联系在一起，彻底改变了我们的生活，不过还有更多的技术有待改进。 以下是来自人工智能、大数据、预测分析和机器学习的一些重要数据： 1、到2018年，75%的开发商将会在更多的商业应用或服务中加入人工智能功能（来自IDC） 2、到2019年，IDC100%的物联网项目将得到人工智能的支持（来自IDC） 3、30%的公司将在2020年前使用人工智能技术来增加至少一个主要销售流程（来自Gartner） 4、算法将会在2018年改变全球数十亿人的行为（来自Gartner） 5、人工智能市场价值将在2020年超过400亿美元（来自Constellation?Research） 6、到2025年，人工智能将驱动95%的客户互动（来自Servion） 以下就是我们在2018年将关注的8个人工智能大趋势： 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 趋势一：大公司都将从人工智能获利 亚马逊、谷歌、Facebook和IBM，它们将在人工智能领域引领潮流。作为大公司，他们有合适的资源来收集数据，因此有更多的数据可以使用。以下就 是这些巨头玩家如何在AI领域布局的： 亚马逊： 投资人工智能20年以上，抓取了5B以上的网页数据，超过50万张JPEG图像和相应的JSON元数据，用以供给亚马逊运营中心的产品。每天抓取世界广 播、杂志和网络新闻的数据已超过2.5亿，每天抓取近100M图像和视频具有音频和视觉功能并带有注释。亚马逊Echo系列音箱已经占领了超过70%的 语音助手市场。 Google： 具有全世界最大的数据库，专注于应用和产品开发，而不是长期的AI研究。Google Brain拥有超过1300名研究人员的团队，在语音助理市场占有23.8％的用户份额。使用TensorFlow开源平台进行机器学习，允许任何人访 问机器学习平台。Google地球数据库的大小估计为3017 TB或大约3 PB，Google Street View有大约20PB的街景照片。 谷歌很可能在应用程序和产品开发及服务的部署方面都处于最前沿，它不仅是第一家开始研究人工智能的公司，而且拥有7万名员工。此外，谷歌拥有一个深度学 习人工智能研究项目Google Brain，它拥有一个团队，有自己的研究议程，研究领域涵盖了机器学习、自然语言理解、机器学习算法和技术，以及机器人。 Facebook： 每日处理2.5B的内容和500多TB的数据，Facebook ArticialIntelligence Researchers (FAIR)有大约80位研究人员和工程师，每天产生20亿“赞”和3000万照片，每30分钟扫描大约105 TB的数据建有一个62000平方英尺的数据中心，可容纳500个机架。每天翻译超过40种语言的20亿用户帖子，每天有8000万用户使用这些翻译。 IBM： 计划进行为期10年、价值2.4亿美元的投资来创建MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室。在全球拥有2000多名AI员工，在IBM总部拥有超过600名 AI员工，沃森用户跨越六大洲和超过25个国家，IBM向沃森项目投资10亿美元，其中包括1亿美元的风险投资。通过沃森生态系统建立了7000多个应 用。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：全球100家最有前途的人工智能公司名单 趋势二：算法与技术的整合 所有在人工智能领域投资的二级资本公司，比如英特尔、Salesforce和Twitter，都将追随拥有这些数据的大公司，并使用他们的数据算法和人 工智能。行业参与者之间将会发生数据交易，而且很有可能会整合算法和技术。数据的交易以及算法和技术的整合将使人工智能变得更加重要。 随着谷歌和Facebook等规模更大的公司收购小公司，更多的算法将被整合到它们的核心平台或解决方案中。总部位于英国伦敦的人工智能公司DeepM ind，构建了通用学习算法，被谷歌收购，以获得相对于其他科技公司的商业优势。另一方面，Facebook收购Wit.ai来提升自己的语音识别和语 音界面。该公司还收购了人工智能创业公司Ozlo，以完善其M虚拟助理服务。 趋势三：数据众包 所有的人工智能公司都追求巨大的数据库，以实现他们对人工智能的雄心壮志。这些公司将开始通过众包方式获取大量数据。企业已经找到了一种方法来评估众包 数据的质量和真实性，不仅给企业提供了便利，还能反馈信息给消费者。 OpenDataNow.com的创始人兼编辑Joel Gurin表示，“我们生活在一个众包文化的环境中，越来越多的人愿意和有兴趣通过社交媒体分享他们所知道的东西。” 谷歌通过众包的方式，获得了大量的图片，并构建了成像算法。该公司还利用众包来帮助改善服务，比如翻译、转录、手写识别和地图应用。而亚马逊还利用众包 的技术改善了Alexa的1.5万项现有技能。 趋势四：更多的并购将发生 CBInsights的统计数据显示，AI公司的收购竞争已经开始。2018年将是我们能看到的最多的公司收购和被收购的一年，因为这些公司必须争夺知 识资本和人才才不会被淘汰。机器学习/人工智能的所有小公司都将被大公司收购。有两个原因： AI在没有数据库的帮助下没法工作。因为大公司拥有大量的数据库，他们将对那些小公司造成巨大的压力。没有数据库的支持，算法将毫无用处。 同样如果没有算法，数据几乎也毫无用处。数据是算法的核心，大量的数据是至关重要的。 哥伦比亚大学创意机器人实验室的机器人工程师和总监Hod Lipson说，“数据是燃料，算法是引擎”。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：谷歌领跑近几年AI创企并购 趋势五：开放民主化的工具将获得市场份额 大公司将开始开放他们的算法和其他工具，以获得市场份额。以市场为基础的数据和算法进入壁垒将会减少，人工智能的新应用将会增加。通过开放平台和民主化 ，那些无法使用人工智能工具的小公司将可以获得大量的数据来研究人工智能算法。 正如谷歌首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）在谈到民主化的人工智能时所说的那样，“我们所能做的最激动人心的事情之一就是让机器学习和人工智能变得不再那么神秘。让所有人都能接触 到这一点很重要。” 此外，frameworks、SDKs and APIs将成为所有主要厂商对消费者开放使用的标准。所有的公司都将采用SaaS&PaaS商业模式。 趋势六：人机交互将得到改善 Siri和Alexa大概是目前最受欢迎的人机交互工具，与之类似的更多基于机器人的解决方案将是人工智能公司进入这个行业的门槛。例如，虽然机器已经 被编程用于语音分析和面部识别，但机器还得做到根据你的声音来识别你的情绪，也就是进行情绪分析。 制造自动化和非消费者焦点解决方案将是第一个要改进的解决方案/应用程序。制造自动化将主要归功于人工成本节约，使用包括自动化、机器人和先进制造技术 。非消费者解决方案的改进，例如在农业和医药领域执行任务的人机交互，也将在2018年流行起来。 趋势七：人工智能将渐渐地对所有垂直领域产生影响 制造、客户服务、保健、医疗保健和交通运输的领域已经受到AI的影响，自动驾驶汽车预计将在2018年上市。明年，会有更多的领域受到人工智能的影响。 以下是人工智能对不同行业影响的例子： 保险——AI将通过自动化改进索赔流程。 法律——NLP可以在几分钟内总结成千上万页的法律文件，从而减少查阅时间和提高效率。 PR＆media——AI将帮助快速处理数据。 教育——虚拟导师的发展；人工智能帮助打分数；制定适应性学习计划，游戏和软件;以AI为导向的个性化教育计划将改变学生和老师的互动。 健康——机器学习可用于创建更复杂，更准确的方法来在患者出现症状之前预测疾病 正如工业革命在100年前几乎改变了一切一样，人工智能将在未来几年改变这个世界。 趋势八： 安全、隐私及伦理道德问题 在人工智能的保护伞下，诸如机器学习和大数据等问题，都很容易触及到安全及隐私问题。有时基础设施扮演着很重要的角色。与隐私问题有关的安全需求，如将 银行帐户和健康信息保密，将会对研究的安全性有更大的要求。2018年，有关安全和隐私的问题将得到解决，这一年，也是人工智能可能出现新的发展的一年 。 人工智能的伦理问题也将成为2018年的主要问题，需要解决的伦理和道德问题包括人工智能对人类有哪些好处和坏处。人们也对机器人取代人类的可能性感到 担忧，比如护士、治疗师或警察，另一个需要处理的问题是自主武器。 | 结语 尽管人工智能已经存在多年，但我们今天所知道的人工智能仍处于起步阶段。围绕着AI及其各种应用，从自动车辆到虚拟个人助理以及大量执行人工智能相关的 技术，已经引起了大肆宣传。尽管现在已经出现了大量的人工智能用例，但是大多数都是为了改进配置，做更好的辅助。此外，在人工智能行业中，没有多少玩家 ，因此碎片将不会出现，而非结构化数据和算法将会变得十分可用。 总之，人工智能的生命刚刚开始，而且它还有很长的路要走。 分享： 前一篇文章AI可怕吗？警惕我们对它犯下七宗罪 下一篇文章孩子为什么哭－做个细心的妈妈 qienews 相关文章作者其它文章 今天谷歌的封面被这个中国人刷屏了！他穷尽一生让世界... 新华网:引爆全民答题狂欢 直播答题是风口还是黑洞？... “国家的需要，就是我的责任”——追忆“两弹一星”功... 举国沸腾！这名中国博士重磅宣布，建材和能源历史将被... 马斯克”太空跑车”或引起外... 几分钟就能溶解血块？ 澳科学家钻研心脏病中风难题 本周熱門 留学澳洲6年花了200万人民币，回国底薪2000元，海归就业“薪情”到底如何 2018年1月12日 2018澳网一触即发！家门口这么多的天王天后和中国金花 不看就太可惜了！ 2018年1月14日 2018 新年华人板球活动开始了！有微信讲解 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CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 游戏人工智能分类目录Feed AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 分类目录归档：游戏人工智能 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 发表于2017年7月3日由lili 最近半年 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 大局洞察, 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 CounterFactual Regret Minimization, Game AI, MaxMin Search, Monte Carlo Tree Search | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 发表于2016年11月1日由lili 游戏智能 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 有限状态机, 游戏 | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之二:再次进行准备 发表于2016年9月26日由lili 上次准备 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能 | 标签为 clash, 人工智能, 游戏 | 留下评论 游戏智能系列之一:一些准备工作 发表于2016年9月5日由lili 一直想开 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 游戏 | 留下评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate next IFRAME: //www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5HH6L7 * 10417 jobs globally for professionals and students in Finance, Banking, Accounting and Insurance * Job Search * News & Advice + News + Advice + Students * Recruiters * Candidate Sign In + Sign In + Register free today + and unlock the following premium features _________________________________________________________ + Build your career Profile + Upload CV & Cover Letters + Save jobs + Create custom Job Alerts + Manage your account + Register now eFinancialCareers 1531 jobs < ____________________ × > < ____________________ × > Sorry, search needs to be by multiples of city OR country, not a mix of both. 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PROJECT MANAGER - SimCorp Dimension - APAC + Attractive fixed price rates! + Singapore + Contract, Full time + Skillfinder International + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 5. Process & Quality Specialist Front Support + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 6. Associate - Real Estate Portfolio Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 7. VP, Client Services, Fund Services + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 8. Senior Fund Accountant/Supervisor/Manager - Hedge Fund Accountant + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 9. Investment Associate AD with a renowned and global investment firm + Mkt Range + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + The Cap Consulting Group Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 10. IMD, GSAM, Fundamental Equities, VP - Singapore + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Goldman Sachs International + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 11. GCG - Citi Priority - Acquisitions Head + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 12. Finance, Manager/ Senior Manager - Asset Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 13. Investment Risk, Equities/Fixed Income, AVP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Pure Search International Singapore Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 14. Product Development Director - ETF + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 15. Retail Sales/Wholesale Distribution - AVP/VP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 16. Command Centre Operations, Analyst + Not Specified + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + BlackRock + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 17. Financial Analyst- Real Estate Private Equity + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 18. Finance Manager (Asset Management) + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 19. Head of Compliance + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Corecam Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 20. ICG (TTS) Trade Finance Product Manager - ASEAN + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 21. GCG - Vice President, API Business Development Regional Digital Channels + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 22. 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Find out what's changing Back to current search __________________________________________________________________ What will I get? * Better company sector categorisation * Easier access to job sectors * Ability to feedback on the search beta experience What won't I get? * Ability to set up job alerts It's easy to opt out of the beta if you want to set up a job alert and you can return at any time #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 95 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * MySQL自动化运维及语句审核工具 Inception的... 78 views * EMQTT启用密码认证 71 views CAPTION: 2018年一月 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 « 12月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 标签 Apache CentOS Composer GIT HTML5 http http2 HTTP协议 InnoDB Linux Mac memcache mongodb MQTT Mysql Nginx phalcon PHP PHP7 shell Socket swoole tcp thinkphp ubuntu 人工智能 优化 分布式 协程 压力测试 原创 多线程 安全 并发 异步 性能 推送 架构 框架 消息 程序员 缓存 编程 非阻塞 高并发 近期评论 * XRumerTest发表在《Ubuntu 命令技巧》 * order online canada发表在《PHP 知识补全 —— 生成器 （generator）和协程的实现》 * manicure发表在《PHP 7 性能改进 (1/5): Packed arrays》 * James发表在《php实现协程，真正的异步》 * https://www.viagrasansordonnancefr.com/achat-sildenafil-citrate-bod ybuilding/发表在《文件服务器集群 采用Rsync+sersync同步主从文件FTP》 分类目录 * Apache (16) * Linux (112) * Mac OS (15) * Mysql (159) * Nginx (41) * Nosql (25) * PHP (449) * Vim (6) * web前端 (39) * Wordpress (1) * 个人日志 (24) * 云计算 (2) * 人工智能 (7) * 创业 (9) * 工具 (23) * 建站 (39) * 开源 (10) * 架构 (87) * 概念 (43) * 物联网 (14) * 移动互联网 (16) * 编程 (146) * 趋势 (6) 文章归档 文章归档 [选择月份...........] 功能 * 登录 * 文章RSS * 评论RSS * WordPress.org 链接表 * 2016年最新PHP学习路线图 * apachelounge * apistore * C/C++学习 * Chrisyue's Blog * coding * Composer * devstore * draveness * gaojinbo * git – 简易指南 * Github 中国用户排名 * github 排行榜 * Git客户端 * GoodUI * HTTPS安全检测 * http状态码 * idea blog * IT技术博客大学习 * Jordi Boggiano 站点统计 日志总数：1269篇 评论总数：54条 分类总数：23个 标签总数：252个 友情链接：96个 网站运行：2172天 最后更新：2018年1月14日 Copyright © 2012-2018 Lenix Blog. 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #新加坡眼 » Feed 新加坡眼 » 评论Feed alternate alternate 新加坡眼 新加坡本地的最新资讯 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 订阅RSS 邮件订阅 - 最后更新：2018-01-15 订阅源：RSS QQ邮箱 * 新加坡眼官方网站现已正式上线 * 喜大普奔，欢迎注册 * 新加坡旅行频道已经开通，更多精美图文攻略，敬请关注 [weibo.png] 新浪微博 [job.gif] 招聘信息 [together.gif] 网友聚会 [fb-logo.png] Facebook 网站导航 * 首页 * 博文 * 美食 * 狮城新闻 * 旅游 + 狮城旅游 + 狮城新闻 * 文史政论 * 政策 * 房产 * 留学教育 + 中小学留学 + 政府大学 + 私立大学留学 * 活动 * 购物消费 * 招聘求职 * 杂录 * 生活信息 * 联络我们 首页 > 活动 > 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 2017 10-13 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 新加坡眼 活动 围观180次 留下评论 编辑日期：2017-11-16 字体：大 中 小 translation ad 小编：新加坡总理李显龙最近出访中国，感叹中国的移动支付，指出“我的部长在上海买栗子像个乡巴佬”。大家不禁感慨中国的“新四大发明”是啥？高铁，移 动支付，共享单车，网购。这四大发明都离不开这几年最火的话题——人工智能技术。近期，新加坡政府也提出5年1.5亿，想让新加坡成为一个人工智能强国 ，实施“国家人工智能核心计划 ”。 新加坡“国家人工核心计划”也吸引着来自英国伦敦的Forward Leading公司，不远万里将在新加坡万豪董厦酒店迎来他们在亚洲市场的首场会议——大数据和人工智能领袖峰会。峰会汇聚四国人工智能大咖，阵容高、 大、上，等你来参与！ 领袖峰会汇聚来自新中英美四国顶级企业的大数据和人工智能技术的大咖，囊括最尖端前沿的行业话题，包括人工智能与大数据、数字营销与电子商务、策略与创 新等。集结来自不同行业的技术先锋和商业领袖，打造独一无二的会议学习社交体验。与会嘉宾将有机会听到演讲者分享成功经验，和业界先驱一道学习精彩案例 ，和不同行业的同道者一起群策群力、集思广益，从而克服挑战，取得新的商业成功。 – 首席运营官，澳新银行（ANZ Bank） – 首席数据官，友盟+，阿里巴巴 – 首席数据官，渣打银行（Standard chartered Bank） – 首席计算工程师，劳斯莱斯（Rolls-Royce） – ASPAC地区首席信息官及副总裁，强生（Johnson&Johnson） – 商业分析专业主任，伦敦大学学院（University College London) – 全球人工智能产品总监，西门子（Siemens） – 新加坡IT中心执行总监，默沙东(MSD) – AI行业创新总监，国家人工智能核心计划（AI.Singapore） Forward Leading邀请到了来自中国阿里巴巴旗下的全域数据服务平台友盟+的首席数据官李丹枫博士。根小编了解，友盟+的数据体量在全球范围内也是数一数二 的，目前覆盖了135万个APP，685万个网站，每天能触达的全球移动设备有14亿。李丹枫博士本次分享的不仅仅是数据挖掘机器学习方面的，他将会讲 到数据驱动智能，怎么从弱人工智能走向强人工智能，光听着就是一个好高大上的话题。其他国家的大咖也是创新技术多多啊！ 大咖分享的内容不仅仅局限在研究的技术层面，大部分技术都已经很接地气，很多技术已经在公司内部管理、运营等方面经过反复实践操作。此外，大咖分享的内 容更跳出公司的框架去覆盖本行业和其它行业。 实在是满满的干货和硬货！下面仅列举几个演讲的标题： – AI与商业的未来 – 人类在AI世界的角色 – AI和机器学习如何瓦解企业银行 – 从标准化分析到值得信赖的数据发现 – 机器学习辅助洞察用户的行为数据 – 人工智能 – 创新和智能工程的新动力 – 深层成像-临床决策中的自动化和深度学习 – AI聊天机器人的发展和崛起 从左至右依次是英国UCL的Daniel Hulme博士，阿里巴巴友盟+的李丹枫博士及来自美国硅谷Drive.AI的Brody Huv 不光是交换名片，互相寒暄两句，主办方也专门设计了高端小规模的早午茶歇、午餐和鸡尾酒会等社交环节，以及特意设计的社交破冰和收尾总结环节。也是希望 保证每一位来宾都有足够的时间和机会与演讲大咖以及其他大咖进行深度有效的交流。 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 峰会主题：大数据和人工智能领袖峰会 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 和大数据和人工智能领袖峰会同时同酒店进行的还有Forward Leading旗下的旗舰品牌会议数字营销领袖峰会，演讲嘉宾包括： – 数字体验副总裁，星和（Starhub） – 日本及亚太区数字运营总监，谷歌（Google） – 社会媒体总监，金沙江（Maria Bay Sands） – 数字和消费者引导总监，可口可乐（Coca-Cola） – 零售策略和全球电商资深副总裁，施耐德电气（Schneider Electric） – 亚太营销合作项目主管，脸谱网（Facebook） – 亚洲社交媒体领导，Spotify – 亚太数字营销经理，宝洁（P&G） – 数字互动和参与总监，世界自然基金（WWF） – 增长和营销资深总监，天巡（Skyscanner）等等 峰会主题：数字营销领袖峰会 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 新加坡眼也将和Forward Leading在数字营销领袖峰会上展开合作，带来一场关于全球大数据、人工智能和数字营销的内容分享。关注新加坡眼的你如果有兴趣参加大数据和人工智 能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会，还可以享受独家九折优惠，注册大数据和人工智能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会会议，请直接点击这里，并根据提示，输入折扣 码Yan90。 或者联系会议经理Thomas，邮箱：thomas@forwardleading.co.uk, 电话：+44 20 3813 7955，了解双峰会通票、团体折扣和发票支付等更多信息。这个月月底，我们期待在万豪董厦与你相会！ * 本文固定链接: http://www.yan.sg/dengnilaicanjiande/ * 转载请注明: 新加坡眼 2017年10月13日 于 新加坡眼 发表 喜欢本文，那就分享到： 最后编辑：2017-11-16 作者：新加坡眼 这个作者貌似有点懒，什么都没有留下。 站内专栏 我是新航预备空姐，却被莫名其妙拒了工作准证 主持奥斯卡的新加坡媳妇，连生娃都这么霸气 translation ad 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苏德铭来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的 使用，提高生产力、创造新产品。 我国将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、研究机构、起步公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识、制造有用的工具，以及培养人才，以把握数码经济的增长 机遇。 新加坡国立研究基金会推出“新加坡全国人工智能核心”（AI.SG）计划，结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的使用。 通讯及新闻部长雅国博士昨日在创新科技展（Innovfest Unbound）的开幕仪式上致词时，宣布上述消息。 未来五年，国立研究基金会将为AI.SG拨款1亿5000万元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高 生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工技能方案的商业化。初步目标是在五年内促成100项这类方案，并会先着重于城市管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 雅国博士举例说，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境（augmented reality），让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加强医护人员的培训。 成立联合平台 推动数据科技应用 与企业合作方面，AI.SG将举办交流活动与编程马拉松（hackathon），同企业乃至个人一起为现实生活中的问题寻找解决方案。 另外，它将营造一个创客空间（makerspace），通过共用资源与设施，促进人工智能相关企业与个人之间的交流与合作。 雅国昨天也宣布成立“新加坡数据科学联合平台”（Singapore Data Science Consortium），促进业界、高等学府及研究中心的数据科学研究，推动数据科技的应用。 他说：“人工智能与数据科学都是新加坡政府要创建及把握的前沿科技。长远来看，有关的投资将为所有国人增加经济机会。” AI.SG管理委员会由政府机构、研究机构及业界代表组成，新加坡国立大学常务副校长（研究与科技）兼陈振传百年纪念教授何德华担任执行主席。他也领导 新加坡数据科学联合平台。 何德华受访时说，希望国人不要过于担心人工智能会取代人类，减少就业机会。他说：“我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被 人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 昨日于滨海湾金沙举行的创新科技展吸引了1万多名与会者，以及350家科技业者参展。 其中，参展的智能复健起步公司FlexoSense发明了一种压力感应器，可安装在糖尿病患者的鞋垫上，测量病患是否在脚底的溃疡处施加过多的压力。 若情况控制不当，糖尿病足部溃疡可导致截肢，本地每五名截肢的病患就有一人于一年内死亡。 公司联合创办人谢丽萍受访时说，感应器的使用普及后，收集到的数据可通过人工智能进一步发展成预测溃疡发作可能性的科技，好让医护人员及时提供预防溃疡 的意见。 她说：“一些医院已对我们的科技表示兴趣。它们都说，这个科技将颠覆目前的作业方式。” (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 人工智能产业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.34% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.32% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.41% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.93% (130 votes) Total votes: 816 * 更多 最新阅读 * 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 * 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 * 女邻被狗咬 指狗主拒赔 狗主：警调查中 * 全身73%烧伤 工人毁容不丧志 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 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[zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 路透社 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 饮者将每一次品尝葡萄酒后的味道记录在人工智能软件里，从不停累积的数据建立饮者的品味模型。（Docurbs提供） 　　人工智能软件记录并分析消费者的品酒喜好，这些数据可用在建立饮者类别的感官模型，让生产商洞悉哪些味道刺激饮者感官。然而，人工智能无法预测一瓶 葡萄酒的成长结果，机器也无法取代专业侍酒师的味蕾，以及传达品酒文化。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 最新阅读 * 爱看书的小孙女 * 新年玩什么？ * 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 * 文学讲座接踵登场 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.34% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.32% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.41% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.93% (130 votes) Total votes: 816 * 更多 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 2017城市小贩美食 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * 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(BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能产业 银行业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.32% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.42% (126 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.35% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.91% (130 votes) Total votes: 817 * 更多 最新阅读 * 金融业纠纷调解中心 接获投诉减少18％ * 集团董事经理陈怀丹： 新海逸要抓住进场购地好时机 * 了解债券到期日与票息率 * 海峡时报指数 ST Index 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 人工智能 人工智能 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 中国著名资深媒体人杨澜为纪录片《探寻人工智能》，走访20多个城市，采访80多位专家。在探索旅程结束时，她认为人类智能多元丰富，人工智能要在这部 分理解和运用自如，说不定永远也不会发生。 15/01/2018 (Submit) (Submit) 马化腾： 破解网络登录验证码 中国团伙技术水平领先全球 15/01/2018 南大虚拟导师系统让医学生获针对性指导 08/01/2018 虚拟实境让理工生熟悉业界新科技 08/01/2018 王元丰：教育如何应对人工智能等挑战 28/12/2017 谷歌在北京设人工智能研究中心 14/12/2017 国际 复杂的时代 最需要“复杂”的紫色？ 08/12/2017 专栏 阿果：不失浮萍之轻盈 29/11/2017 美国智库：中国人工智能技术 五年内可能追上美国 29/11/2017 新加坡 字述一年 2017：智 21/11/2017 国际 英国公路四年内将出现无人驾驶车 20/11/2017 * 更多 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 言论 想法 吴汉钧：人工智能与大失业时代降临 2017年6月4日 星期日 04:30 AM文/吴汉钧来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 国际漫游 去年到北欧自驾看北极光。在挪威北部城市特罗姆瑟，所有停车场无人看管，收费机器只收信用卡。加油站没有服务员，司机自行刷卡添油。纳尔维克市的列车站 没有站长和服务员，只有几个轨道维修工人和一个旅游局人员。乘客以信用卡在售票机买票，火车到站自行上车下车。虽然没有出现机器人提供服务的场景，但全 自动化运作的背后，是相当完善的智能操作系统。 近日，阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）三战完胜世界排名第一的围棋高手柯洁，让人工智能将取代人类的热点话题再度发酵。许多有识之士早已视人工智能为洪水 猛兽。他们认为，人工智能有朝一日会控制和消灭它们的造物主。 不少经济学家也认为，人工智能将促使就业市场走向不可持续的未来。英国牛津大学学者卡尔·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）和迈克尔·奥斯本（Michael A. Osborne）仔细研究了美国就业市场702种工作电脑化的可行性。他们在2013年发表的研究报告指出，有47%的工作将在未来10年至20年内被 人工智能取代。高失业风险的工作包括交通和物流、办公室与行政支援、生产线、服务业等，冲击较小的是需要创意和社交能力的工作，如学校教师、服装设计师 、导游等。 将近一半的工作在20年内将由人工智能代劳，我们无疑将迎来人类史上的大失业时代。 将会被人工智能取代的工作，就包括新闻报道，人工智能可以把文告和财经数据改写成新闻。现在谷歌翻译的准确度已相当高，很快就能担当翻译或口译的工作。 司机很有可能在10年内被人工智能取代，汽车、公共巴士、货运车会像地铁系统般完全自动化。 不过，就像工业革命终结了旧工作、制造了新工作，人工智能革命也会如此。在电脑出现以前，数学计算须要靠很多人来完成；计算机和电脑出现以后，取代了计 算人员的工作，但也创造了对程序人员的需求。电脑和互联网帮助企业壮大，间接制造了更多其他就业机会。人工智能时代制造的新工作，可能是现在我们想象不 到的，也不会怀念失去的旧工作。今天，谁还会怀念洗衣机出现之前的洗衣工作呢？ 不容否认的是，社会上仍会有一大群人将失去工作和收入。人们没钱买东西，消费需求降低，经济增长将失去动力。另一方面，财富将进一步集中在大量使用人工 智能的资本家手里，社会贫富差距进一步扩大，经济成为富人俱乐部的活动。政府和经济学家要开始思考，如何确保人们失去工作，但仍保持最低消费力。去年， 瑞士公决“全民基本收入”制度，全民无条件每月领取2500瑞士法郎（约3600新元），在某种程度上就是为这种大失业时代做准备；公投最终不获通过。 今年，芬兰开展一项为期两年的社会实验，2000名失业者每月将获得560欧元（约870新元）的“无条件基本收入”。没工作而有基本收入的人，能否继 续对社会作出贡献，两年后或许能看出一些端倪。 工作除了为工资，也满足心理需求。根据心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论，工作可以满足人类自我实现和自我超越的心理需求。当人们不再工作时，这种心理需 求无法获得满足，家庭与社会面貌将产生何种变化？当然，从另一个角度来说，当人们不再为三餐奔波，就有时间从事自己真正热爱的事情，更好地实现自我和超 越自我。 （作者是本报评论员　nghk@sph.com.sg） (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 失业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 叶鹏飞：“屎工”、聪明人与多能鄙事 * 何惜薇：非关有心或无意 * 杨萌：加把劲分享健康记录 * 黄伟曼：当读书人遇到船夫 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 免费精选 * 电子报 * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobao-logo.svg] [zaobao-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * ZShop 集品店 全新中小企业资讯网 直播 视频 深夜好读 生活补给站 完成一个梦 我是小某某 首页 新闻 中国新闻 中国特稿：中国人工智能提速飞飙 2017年7月23日 星期日 03:30 AM文/孟丹丹来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　中国工程院院士潘云鹤：人工智能对中国经济增长的作用至关重要。（新华社） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　硬蛋科技首席技术官李世鹏：在全球第三次人工智能热潮中，中国将有机会实现换道超车。（李世鹏提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　百度创始人、董事长兼首席执行官李彦宏：在（中国）这样的市场中，人工智能如鱼得水，我们不领先世界真的是说不过去。（互联网） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　云迹科技公司联合创始人支涛：云迹研发生产的酒店跑腿机器人“润”已拿到百多家酒店的订单。（支涛提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　　中国劳动力成本上升，“酒店机器人”概念已从噱头转化为市场需求。左图这台名为“润”的酒店机器人一天工作24小时，主要为客人运送牙膏、手巾等用 品，它会答话，甚至可以优化计算行走路径，遇到电梯人多时能主动避让。右图是另一款能和人对答的机器人，它还会背诗、唱歌、自我介绍，目前已在银行、酒 店、商场大堂提供迎宾、导购等服务。（互联网∕孟丹丹摄） 人口红利逐渐消退，传统产业亟待升级换代，进入新常态的中国经济急需找寻新的增长引擎。在刚刚兴起的全球人工智能第三次热潮中，中国希望凭借海量的数据 、充裕的资金，以及基础数学领域的人才优势，抢占人工智能发展先机。受访业内人士认为，大数据、大市场，以及可观的人才储备，都让中国有机会在人工智能 领域实现换道超车。不过，中国人工智能在数据互联互通和高端人才的补给上仍有欠缺；此外，官方公共数据的开放程度，行业数据库的联通性及行业规范的形成 ，也备受关注。业内人士警告，中国需要尽快建立行业规范，以防技术漏洞滋生出安全隐患。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.34% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.32% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.41% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.93% (130 votes) Total votes: 816 * 更多 最新阅读 * 第三名落马中共军委副主席？ 传范长龙被立案审查 * 谷歌主页纪念“汉语拼音之父”周有光 * 第四次担任市长 唐良智肩负撬动重庆转型发展重任 * 相撞逾一周后油船爆炸沉没 32船员均遇难 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 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SME专访 * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share on Google+ * Share on LinkedIn * Share on WhatsApp 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 By 李蕙心 Lianhe Zaobao 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 贤能集团董事经理林隆田认为，现在的社会讲究数据分析，因此公司须要自动化数码技术的帮助，推动业务发展。 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 20 Oct 2017 - 03:30 贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，公司积极利用数码科技，包括采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 房地产管理不再只是单纯出租空间和收租，而是要迎合市场潮流和需求改变经营模式，包括采用数码科技。贤能集团（LHN Group）计划采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 成立于1991年的贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，在这个讲究数码化科技的时代，公司也积极在运作上采用多种数码技术，其中一项就是利用人工智能 提高客户服务素质。 通过聊天软件 提供咨询服务 贤能集团董事经理林隆田接受联合早报访问时说，公司发现越来越多人喜欢用手机聊天软件，他们宁愿发短信询问也不愿打热线电话，公司于是在数月前开始通过 手机聊天软件为客户提供咨询服务。 “客户对这项新服务的反应非常热烈，以致于我们决定在公司网站上添加聊天机器人（chatbot）功能，利用人工智能技术来回答客户的询问。这项服务预 计会在六个月内推出。” 聊天机器人表面上看来只能为客户解答疑问，但其实还可延伸出更多功能，甚至可能为公司带来更多生意，关键在于大数据科技。 林隆田指出，每位首次联系公司询问的人都是潜在的客户，他们同聊天机器人对话时输入的基本资料如姓名、所属公司和联络方式，都可存入公司电脑系统中。系 统就会自动为询问者开设资料档，方便公司销售人员联络。 如果是现有客户或较早前向聊天机器人查询的人，只要输入名字或公司名称，系统就会调阅出之前存档的资料，就能延续之前的咨询服务。公司计划在半年到一年 内推出这项服务。 他说：“数码技术不仅能帮你整理资料，最重要的是它能帮你输入资料。输入资料是很繁琐的工作，会加重员工的负担。以前是把资料写在本子里，是非常直接简 单的事，但要输入电脑又要多一重工作。现在的社会讲究数据分析，把资料存档并进行比对，所以我们须要这类自动化数码技术的帮助。” 公司也计划把这项技术用在涉及大量数字的财务管理工作，以节省人工输入数据的时间。 公司的销售人员也随身携带平板电脑与客户接洽，客户在签约时可直接在平板电脑上签名，接着就会收到合同的电子版本。销售人员再也不用携带多份打印好的合 同外出，更免去了把合同放入文件夹存档的麻烦。 大胆谨慎地向外扩张 政府呼吁本地企业走出国门，公司在2013年便把事业版图扩大到海外，如今在印度尼西亚、缅甸和中国都有业务。公司采取“大胆且谨慎”的策略，一步步地 向外扩张。 林隆田解释，“大胆”指的是要勇于开拓新市场，“谨慎”则是要在经营海外业务时密切留意营业情况，以避免出现亏损，因此扩张速度将是缓慢稳健的。 自2015年在新加坡交易所上市的贤能集团，今年已是第三次获颁金字品牌奖。能持续获奖意味着公司稳健发展，而要长期良好经营，有赖于公司采取的“灵活 应变”策略。 林隆田说，公司积极掌握业界发展趋势并及时调整营业模式和服务形式。 “在以往，我们接触的大多租户是中小企业，现在则有许多起步公司。这些公司的经营方式不同，我们必须进一步了解他们的业务，才能创造适合他们的产品。再 也不只是找一些办公空间，然后等租户来租。你必须主动去了解市场，而不是闭门造车，然后等着市场买单。” 公司于是从五年前开始便推出多项新服务，如服务办公室（serviced office）、服务公寓、工作与仓储（Work Plus Store，简称WPS）空间服务和个人仓储（self storage）。 培训是栽培人才重要一环 一家公司要顺利运作，还要靠职员的努力和贡献。林隆田认为，在对待职员方面，要给予信任和一定的决策权，让他们有机会学习新事物。在人才选拔上，公司看 重的是对方要努力好学的态度。 “只要他肯学而且有发展潜力，我们愿意提供培训，我认为培训是栽培人才的重要一环。” 贤能集团今年获颁“悠久品牌奖”，这不是该集团首次获得金字品牌奖，对公司而言，再度获奖不仅是一种认可，也鼓励它继续努力去打造强有力的品牌。林隆田 曾经说过，他对“贤能”这个品牌的目标是：“希望人们想要租用商业和工业空间时，就会想到我们。” 新闻电邮速递 用电邮注册加入我们的 新闻电邮速递，了解最新的中小企业相关新闻、意见及活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 你是中小企业老板吗？* (_) 是 (_) 否 [_] 我已经阅读并同意接受 隐私权条规* (注册) 注册 * 必填字段 More Stories ZB_0112_CJ_doc6ycpiw2qfc419e4hjjiu_121741391_lownc.jpg 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 　　明眼看名商 整合，基本上是把分散的资源和各不相同的方法进行有序的调度、组合、配置，从而收到最佳效果。 　　在经济全球化的过程中，整合不仅是挑战，也是机遇，许多现代商业高手就是运用这种整合的方法取得良好效果。 ZB_0114_CJ_doc6ycprbja4jk16zenom88_12155205_limsp.jpg 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 　　在新科大的这家咖啡馆，是本地数一数二为特需者而设的。由新科大学生设计的厨房与用餐环境，为特需者创造就业机会，也为残障人士上咖啡馆提供有利的 元素。 ZB_0112_CJ_doc6y90mebcjpk1aq5pb4ur_11193754_fangkai.jpg 兄弟追梦共创业 SME专访 Jan 12, 2018 兄弟追梦共创业 　　陈顺麟自小喜欢绘画和缝纫，尤其钟爱礼服和晚装这类华丽服饰。三年多前决定放弃从事了20多年的平面设计工作，2016年跟当化妆师的哥哥一起开婚 纱店，圆了服装设计的梦。 an SPH Website * StraitsTimes * The BusinessTimes * Lianhe Zaobao * Lianhe Wanbao * Shin Min Daily News * The SME Magazine * RSS Feed * RSS Feed * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus To subscribe to any of our products visit www.sphsubscription.com.sg or call +63 6388 3838 * 最新消息 * SME专访 * 老板生意经 * 专家讲堂 * SME百宝箱 * 奖项 + 新加坡金字品牌奖 + 新加坡邻里企业之星 * 敢敢问 * 活动 * AsiaOne * Lianhe Wanbao * SGCarMart * STProperty * Berita Harian * ShareInvestor * The Straits Times * BTINVEST * OMY * STCars * Tabla * The Business Times * The New Paper * STClassifieds * Tamil Murasu * Hardwarezone * RAZORTV * STOMP * Zaobao * 关于我们 * 联络我们 * 协助 * 广告联络 * 网络条款 * 资料保护 * 报业控股数码新闻 © 2017 Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Co. Regn No. 198402868E #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this 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Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. The... * Business Development Executive Hiring Business Development Executive, please email to [email protected] * Recent Posts * Forum Topics * About QRInno and Platform + About QRInno + Why Choose QRInno? + Vision, Mission and Value + Experience and Development + Contact us * Industrial Partnership + Industrial Partnership + Product Lifecycle Management + Recruitment and Employment + Terms of Use + Privacy Policy * Our Services + Our Services + Online Service Delivery Model + Offline Service Delivery Model + Help & Support Copyright © 2014 QRInno Pte. Ltd. #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Three EECS professors join leadership team13/01/2018 + Aside Design * RSS Developers + Smarter is: Putting renewable energy on the map Vestas Wind Systems of Aarhus, Denmark uses IBM InfoSph […] + Smarter is: Saving minds, saving lives Columbia University Medical Center's Neuro-ICU use […] * RSS Cloud News + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * RSS Entrepreneur + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * Partner Site + Chinese 中文 Startup * London proptech startup Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. 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Ltd. 8频道新闻及时事节目 8频道新闻及时事节目 Channel 8 News & Current Affairs * 新闻 * 专题报道 * 时事节目 ____________________ 搜寻 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 目录 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 新闻 * 首页 * 即时 * 新加坡 * 国际 * 财经 * 流行时尚 * 热门 * 直播室 * 晨光第一线 * 视频 * 相册 * 你来爆料 * 新闻主播 * 免费APP下载 * 存档 专题报道 * 专题报道 * 流行挖哇WOW * 科技一点通 * 总统选举2017 * 第29届东南亚运动会 * 2017年国庆群众大会 * 2017年国庆庆典 * 本地兹卡病情 * 奥斯曼渥 Othman Wok * 2017年财政预算案 * 新加坡国会 * 美国总统选举2016 * 前总统纳丹 * 奥运2016 * 武吉巴督区补选 * 建国总理李光耀 * 新加坡大选 时事节目 * 时事节目 * 狮城有约 * 星期二特写 * 财经追击 * 焦点 * 前线追踪 * 世界一周 * 点看预算案 * 有话要说 * 特备节目 * 一家都不能少 * 时事主持 目录 首页 国际 医学资讯：日本利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症 2017年9月25日 07:29 * A * A+ * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More 本地每年平均500名糖尿病病患 因心脏衰竭入院 （照片：Reuters） * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 医学资讯： 日本研发出利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症的系统。 《共同社》引述日本藤田保健卫生大学和第一生命保险公司的消息说，系统能预测糖尿病患者半年后是否会出现严重并发症。 研究小组为这套人工智能系统输入了同糖尿病有关的约2千500万部论文和13万2千名糖尿病等患者的电子病历、营养指导等记录，以进行预测。系统的准确 率可达百分之71。 研究人员认为，系统有助于病人在症状出现前，根据预测结果改变营养的摄取等，来对抗疾病。 - 958/JE * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 更多新闻 分享 * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More * 关于我们 * 联络方式 * 隐私声明 * 使用条例 * 免费APP下载 * RSS Feed * ____________________ (Search) SUBSCRIBE: Free email newsletter ____________________ Go! Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 10/27/2015 Tue 12:15 PM in Hong Kong by Staff Writer More must be done to remove legitimate ads from illegal websites Study reveals that the complex ad ecosystem is not doing enough to protect brand integrity online... 11/25/2016 Fri 10:59 AM in Malaysia by Vivienne Tay Media Prima appoints Leo Burnett for digital TV project The agency will be responsible for strategic development and delivery of creative communications for myFreeview, its digital terre.. 07/25/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Indonesian brand Natasha Skin Clinic tipped to expand into Malaysia A+M understands it is in the midst of looking for agency partners. .. 03/23/2015 Mon 11:46 AM in Global by Noreen Ismail Spotify names its first ever CMO Spotify has appointed its first ever chief marketing officer, Seth Farbman... 05/09/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in China by Staff Writer Resn任命亚太区首席执行官 该公司正寻找最佳人才入主公司中国区域高层管理团队，为明年正式在中国开业作好准备。.. Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. Ad Space Marketing Interactive ©2018 Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. Footer Navigation * About Us * Contact Us * Content Policy * Advertise With Us * Privacy Policy * User Agreement #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月22日 technology Home China technology 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [29CHINAAI2-articleLarge.jpg] 美媒称，20日，中国制定了一项发展规划，希望在2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者，打造规模超过1万亿元的本土产业。 据美国《纽约时报》网站7月21日报道，国务院发布的这项政策阐述了中国政府最高层的意图：全球第二大经济体将投入大量资金，以确保企业、政府和军队跃 升为人工智能技术的全球领先者。很多人都认为，人工智能有朝一日会成为计算机技术的基础。 而与此同时，美国却在削减科学资金。特朗普政府提交的预算案建议削减一些传统上支持人工智能研究的机构的资源。而诸如高性能计算等领域的经费削减，也将 影响到人工智能辅助工具的开发。 报道称，中国的实力，特别是先进技术和新技术上的实力，长期落后于发达的邻国以及欧美发达国家。但是，一个为期数十年、追赶西方的产业政策已经给中国带 来了红利。 专家们认为，中国有越来越多的学科都取得了长足进展，人工智能就是其中之一。 报道称，北京对人工智能的兴趣已经引起了美国防务机构的警觉。 在这个新政策提出的时间表中，政府希望到2020年，中国公司和研究机构的总体技术和应用与美国这些居于世界先进水平的国家同步。之后再过5年，要求在 特定领域实现重大突破，人工智能成为中国“经济转型的主要动力”。 到了最后阶段，即2030年，中国将“成为世界主要人工智能创新中心”，而这反过来又将为中国“跻身创新型国家前列和经济强国奠定重要基础”。 报道认为，像这样的高级别声明，也是向全国各地的地方政府和公司发出一个信号。 这个新计划正式确定了一个之前在中国就已经广为人知的侧重点。很多地方政府都已经根据各种线索制定了特别的人工智能计划，建成了专注于A.I.研究的中 心。 许多地方正在人工智能上投入数以亿计的美元，有些地方的投入甚至更大。6月份，在北京以东的城市天津，市政府表示计划提供50亿美元的资金来支持人工智 能行业，而且还划出了一片20多平方公里的土地来建设“智能产业园”。 报道称，这一倡议也有可能会席卷中国私营企业。近年来，该国互联网搜索巨头百度已经在硅谷运行着一家人工智能研究中心，它在今年还宣布，将与政府合作， 建立一个新的实验室。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： China, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 台媒社论：台湾为何20年来选不出一个好领导人？ * 印任命前驻华大使为外交秘书 曾参与洞朗谈判 * 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 * 男子迷昏女保姆欲拍裸照 发生数次关系后将其杀害 @nanyangpost 的推文 版权 © 2012 - 南洋视界 Copyright © 南洋视界 - Crafted with by Templatesyard | Distributed By Gooyaabi Templates #企鹅新闻网 » Feed 企鹅新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 星期二, 一月 16, 2018 * RSS订阅 企鹅新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 Home 科技 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八... * 科技 * 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 2017年10月13日 0 16 人类对大数据进行计算分析的趋势并不会转瞬即逝。随着数据量的不断增加，对大数据的分析效果也会有所改善。说到关于预测分析的应用，其实我们只看到了冰 山一角。目前，它已经可以利用数据挖掘、机器学习和人工智能技术来分析数据，从而达到帮助企业的目的（比如预测销售，优化营销活动）。所有这一类型的人 工智能都与我们日常工作方式联系在一起，彻底改变了我们的生活，不过还有更多的技术有待改进。 以下是来自人工智能、大数据、预测分析和机器学习的一些重要数据： 1、到2018年，75%的开发商将会在更多的商业应用或服务中加入人工智能功能（来自IDC） 2、到2019年，IDC100%的物联网项目将得到人工智能的支持（来自IDC） 3、30%的公司将在2020年前使用人工智能技术来增加至少一个主要销售流程（来自Gartner） 4、算法将会在2018年改变全球数十亿人的行为（来自Gartner） 5、人工智能市场价值将在2020年超过400亿美元（来自Constellation?Research） 6、到2025年，人工智能将驱动95%的客户互动（来自Servion） 以下就是我们在2018年将关注的8个人工智能大趋势： 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 趋势一：大公司都将从人工智能获利 亚马逊、谷歌、Facebook和IBM，它们将在人工智能领域引领潮流。作为大公司，他们有合适的资源来收集数据，因此有更多的数据可以使用。以下就 是这些巨头玩家如何在AI领域布局的： 亚马逊： 投资人工智能20年以上，抓取了5B以上的网页数据，超过50万张JPEG图像和相应的JSON元数据，用以供给亚马逊运营中心的产品。每天抓取世界广 播、杂志和网络新闻的数据已超过2.5亿，每天抓取近100M图像和视频具有音频和视觉功能并带有注释。亚马逊Echo系列音箱已经占领了超过70%的 语音助手市场。 Google： 具有全世界最大的数据库，专注于应用和产品开发，而不是长期的AI研究。Google Brain拥有超过1300名研究人员的团队，在语音助理市场占有23.8％的用户份额。使用TensorFlow开源平台进行机器学习，允许任何人访 问机器学习平台。Google地球数据库的大小估计为3017 TB或大约3 PB，Google Street View有大约20PB的街景照片。 谷歌很可能在应用程序和产品开发及服务的部署方面都处于最前沿，它不仅是第一家开始研究人工智能的公司，而且拥有7万名员工。此外，谷歌拥有一个深度学 习人工智能研究项目Google Brain，它拥有一个团队，有自己的研究议程，研究领域涵盖了机器学习、自然语言理解、机器学习算法和技术，以及机器人。 Facebook： 每日处理2.5B的内容和500多TB的数据，Facebook ArticialIntelligence Researchers (FAIR)有大约80位研究人员和工程师，每天产生20亿“赞”和3000万照片，每30分钟扫描大约105 TB的数据建有一个62000平方英尺的数据中心，可容纳500个机架。每天翻译超过40种语言的20亿用户帖子，每天有8000万用户使用这些翻译。 IBM： 计划进行为期10年、价值2.4亿美元的投资来创建MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室。在全球拥有2000多名AI员工，在IBM总部拥有超过600名 AI员工，沃森用户跨越六大洲和超过25个国家，IBM向沃森项目投资10亿美元，其中包括1亿美元的风险投资。通过沃森生态系统建立了7000多个应 用。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：全球100家最有前途的人工智能公司名单 趋势二：算法与技术的整合 所有在人工智能领域投资的二级资本公司，比如英特尔、Salesforce和Twitter，都将追随拥有这些数据的大公司，并使用他们的数据算法和人 工智能。行业参与者之间将会发生数据交易，而且很有可能会整合算法和技术。数据的交易以及算法和技术的整合将使人工智能变得更加重要。 随着谷歌和Facebook等规模更大的公司收购小公司，更多的算法将被整合到它们的核心平台或解决方案中。总部位于英国伦敦的人工智能公司DeepM ind，构建了通用学习算法，被谷歌收购，以获得相对于其他科技公司的商业优势。另一方面，Facebook收购Wit.ai来提升自己的语音识别和语 音界面。该公司还收购了人工智能创业公司Ozlo，以完善其M虚拟助理服务。 趋势三：数据众包 所有的人工智能公司都追求巨大的数据库，以实现他们对人工智能的雄心壮志。这些公司将开始通过众包方式获取大量数据。企业已经找到了一种方法来评估众包 数据的质量和真实性，不仅给企业提供了便利，还能反馈信息给消费者。 OpenDataNow.com的创始人兼编辑Joel Gurin表示，“我们生活在一个众包文化的环境中，越来越多的人愿意和有兴趣通过社交媒体分享他们所知道的东西。” 谷歌通过众包的方式，获得了大量的图片，并构建了成像算法。该公司还利用众包来帮助改善服务，比如翻译、转录、手写识别和地图应用。而亚马逊还利用众包 的技术改善了Alexa的1.5万项现有技能。 趋势四：更多的并购将发生 CBInsights的统计数据显示，AI公司的收购竞争已经开始。2018年将是我们能看到的最多的公司收购和被收购的一年，因为这些公司必须争夺知 识资本和人才才不会被淘汰。机器学习/人工智能的所有小公司都将被大公司收购。有两个原因： AI在没有数据库的帮助下没法工作。因为大公司拥有大量的数据库，他们将对那些小公司造成巨大的压力。没有数据库的支持，算法将毫无用处。 同样如果没有算法，数据几乎也毫无用处。数据是算法的核心，大量的数据是至关重要的。 哥伦比亚大学创意机器人实验室的机器人工程师和总监Hod Lipson说，“数据是燃料，算法是引擎”。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：谷歌领跑近几年AI创企并购 趋势五：开放民主化的工具将获得市场份额 大公司将开始开放他们的算法和其他工具，以获得市场份额。以市场为基础的数据和算法进入壁垒将会减少，人工智能的新应用将会增加。通过开放平台和民主化 ，那些无法使用人工智能工具的小公司将可以获得大量的数据来研究人工智能算法。 正如谷歌首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）在谈到民主化的人工智能时所说的那样，“我们所能做的最激动人心的事情之一就是让机器学习和人工智能变得不再那么神秘。让所有人都能接触 到这一点很重要。” 此外，frameworks、SDKs and APIs将成为所有主要厂商对消费者开放使用的标准。所有的公司都将采用SaaS&PaaS商业模式。 趋势六：人机交互将得到改善 Siri和Alexa大概是目前最受欢迎的人机交互工具，与之类似的更多基于机器人的解决方案将是人工智能公司进入这个行业的门槛。例如，虽然机器已经 被编程用于语音分析和面部识别，但机器还得做到根据你的声音来识别你的情绪，也就是进行情绪分析。 制造自动化和非消费者焦点解决方案将是第一个要改进的解决方案/应用程序。制造自动化将主要归功于人工成本节约，使用包括自动化、机器人和先进制造技术 。非消费者解决方案的改进，例如在农业和医药领域执行任务的人机交互，也将在2018年流行起来。 趋势七：人工智能将渐渐地对所有垂直领域产生影响 制造、客户服务、保健、医疗保健和交通运输的领域已经受到AI的影响，自动驾驶汽车预计将在2018年上市。明年，会有更多的领域受到人工智能的影响。 以下是人工智能对不同行业影响的例子： 保险——AI将通过自动化改进索赔流程。 法律——NLP可以在几分钟内总结成千上万页的法律文件，从而减少查阅时间和提高效率。 PR＆media——AI将帮助快速处理数据。 教育——虚拟导师的发展；人工智能帮助打分数；制定适应性学习计划，游戏和软件;以AI为导向的个性化教育计划将改变学生和老师的互动。 健康——机器学习可用于创建更复杂，更准确的方法来在患者出现症状之前预测疾病 正如工业革命在100年前几乎改变了一切一样，人工智能将在未来几年改变这个世界。 趋势八： 安全、隐私及伦理道德问题 在人工智能的保护伞下，诸如机器学习和大数据等问题，都很容易触及到安全及隐私问题。有时基础设施扮演着很重要的角色。与隐私问题有关的安全需求，如将 银行帐户和健康信息保密，将会对研究的安全性有更大的要求。2018年，有关安全和隐私的问题将得到解决，这一年，也是人工智能可能出现新的发展的一年 。 人工智能的伦理问题也将成为2018年的主要问题，需要解决的伦理和道德问题包括人工智能对人类有哪些好处和坏处。人们也对机器人取代人类的可能性感到 担忧，比如护士、治疗师或警察，另一个需要处理的问题是自主武器。 | 结语 尽管人工智能已经存在多年，但我们今天所知道的人工智能仍处于起步阶段。围绕着AI及其各种应用，从自动车辆到虚拟个人助理以及大量执行人工智能相关的 技术，已经引起了大肆宣传。尽管现在已经出现了大量的人工智能用例，但是大多数都是为了改进配置，做更好的辅助。此外，在人工智能行业中，没有多少玩家 ，因此碎片将不会出现，而非结构化数据和算法将会变得十分可用。 总之，人工智能的生命刚刚开始，而且它还有很长的路要走。 分享： 前一篇文章AI可怕吗？警惕我们对它犯下七宗罪 下一篇文章孩子为什么哭－做个细心的妈妈 qienews 相关文章作者其它文章 今天谷歌的封面被这个中国人刷屏了！他穷尽一生让世界... 新华网:引爆全民答题狂欢 直播答题是风口还是黑洞？... “国家的需要，就是我的责任”——追忆“两弹一星”功... 举国沸腾！这名中国博士重磅宣布，建材和能源历史将被... 马斯克”太空跑车”或引起外... 几分钟就能溶解血块？ 澳科学家钻研心脏病中风难题 本周熱門 留学澳洲6年花了200万人民币，回国底薪2000元，海归就业“薪情”到底如何 2018年1月12日 2018澳网一触即发！家门口这么多的天王天后和中国金花 不看就太可惜了！ 2018年1月14日 2018 新年华人板球活动开始了！有微信讲解 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CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 游戏人工智能分类目录Feed AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 分类目录归档：游戏人工智能 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 发表于2017年7月3日由lili 最近半年 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 大局洞察, 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 CounterFactual Regret Minimization, Game AI, MaxMin Search, Monte Carlo Tree Search | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 发表于2016年11月1日由lili 游戏智能 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 有限状态机, 游戏 | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之二:再次进行准备 发表于2016年9月26日由lili 上次准备 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能 | 标签为 clash, 人工智能, 游戏 | 留下评论 游戏智能系列之一:一些准备工作 发表于2016年9月5日由lili 一直想开 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 游戏 | 留下评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate next IFRAME: //www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5HH6L7 * 10418 jobs globally for professionals and students in Finance, Banking, Accounting and Insurance * Job Search * News & Advice + News + Advice + Students * Recruiters * Candidate Sign In + Sign In + Register free today + and unlock the following premium features _________________________________________________________ + Build your career Profile + Upload CV & Cover Letters + Save jobs + Create custom Job Alerts + Manage your account + Register now eFinancialCareers 1532 jobs < ____________________ × > < ____________________ × > Sorry, search needs to be by multiples of city OR country, not a mix of both. 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PROJECT MANAGER - SimCorp Dimension - APAC + Attractive fixed price rates! + Singapore + Contract, Full time + Skillfinder International + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 5. Process & Quality Specialist Front Support + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 6. Associate - Real Estate Portfolio Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 7. VP, Client Services, Fund Services + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 8. Senior Fund Accountant/Supervisor/Manager - Hedge Fund Accountant + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 9. Investment Associate AD with a renowned and global investment firm + Mkt Range + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + The Cap Consulting Group Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 10. IMD, GSAM, Fundamental Equities, VP - Singapore + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Goldman Sachs International + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 11. GCG - Citi Priority - Acquisitions Head + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 12. Finance, Manager/ Senior Manager - Asset Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 13. Investment Risk, Equities/Fixed Income, AVP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Pure Search International Singapore Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 14. Product Development Director - ETF + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 15. Retail Sales/Wholesale Distribution - AVP/VP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 16. Command Centre Operations, Analyst + Not Specified + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + BlackRock + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 17. Financial Analyst- Real Estate Private Equity + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 18. Finance Manager (Asset Management) + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 19. Head of Compliance + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Corecam Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 20. ICG (TTS) Trade Finance Product Manager - ASEAN + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 21. GCG - Vice President, API Business Development Regional Digital Channels + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 22. 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Find out what's changing Back to current search __________________________________________________________________ What will I get? * Better company sector categorisation * Easier access to job sectors * Ability to feedback on the search beta experience What won't I get? * Ability to set up job alerts It's easy to opt out of the beta if you want to set up a job alert and you can return at any time #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 95 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * MySQL自动化运维及语句审核工具 Inception的... 78 views * EMQTT启用密码认证 71 views CAPTION: 2018年一月 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 « 12月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 标签 Apache CentOS Composer GIT HTML5 http http2 HTTP协议 InnoDB Linux Mac memcache mongodb MQTT Mysql Nginx phalcon PHP PHP7 shell Socket swoole tcp thinkphp ubuntu 人工智能 优化 分布式 协程 压力测试 原创 多线程 安全 并发 异步 性能 推送 架构 框架 消息 程序员 缓存 编程 非阻塞 高并发 近期评论 * XRumerTest发表在《Ubuntu 命令技巧》 * order online canada发表在《PHP 知识补全 —— 生成器 （generator）和协程的实现》 * manicure发表在《PHP 7 性能改进 (1/5): Packed arrays》 * James发表在《php实现协程，真正的异步》 * https://www.viagrasansordonnancefr.com/achat-sildenafil-citrate-bod ybuilding/发表在《文件服务器集群 采用Rsync+sersync同步主从文件FTP》 分类目录 * Apache (16) * Linux (112) * Mac OS (15) * Mysql (159) * Nginx (41) * Nosql (25) * PHP (449) * Vim (6) * web前端 (39) * Wordpress (1) * 个人日志 (24) * 云计算 (2) * 人工智能 (7) * 创业 (9) * 工具 (23) * 建站 (39) * 开源 (10) * 架构 (87) * 概念 (43) * 物联网 (14) * 移动互联网 (16) * 编程 (146) * 趋势 (6) 文章归档 文章归档 [选择月份...........] 功能 * 登录 * 文章RSS * 评论RSS * WordPress.org 链接表 * 2016年最新PHP学习路线图 * apachelounge * apistore * C/C++学习 * Chrisyue's Blog * coding * Composer * devstore * draveness * gaojinbo * git – 简易指南 * Github 中国用户排名 * github 排行榜 * Git客户端 * GoodUI * HTTPS安全检测 * http状态码 * idea blog * IT技术博客大学习 * Jordi Boggiano 站点统计 日志总数：1269篇 评论总数：54条 分类总数：23个 标签总数：252个 友情链接：96个 网站运行：2172天 最后更新：2018年1月14日 Copyright © 2012-2018 Lenix Blog. 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #新加坡眼 » Feed 新加坡眼 » 评论Feed alternate alternate 新加坡眼 新加坡本地的最新资讯 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 订阅RSS 邮件订阅 - 最后更新：2018-01-15 订阅源：RSS QQ邮箱 * 新加坡眼官方网站现已正式上线 * 喜大普奔，欢迎注册 * 新加坡旅行频道已经开通，更多精美图文攻略，敬请关注 [weibo.png] 新浪微博 [job.gif] 招聘信息 [together.gif] 网友聚会 [fb-logo.png] Facebook 网站导航 * 首页 * 博文 * 美食 * 狮城新闻 * 旅游 + 狮城旅游 + 狮城新闻 * 文史政论 * 政策 * 房产 * 留学教育 + 中小学留学 + 政府大学 + 私立大学留学 * 活动 * 购物消费 * 招聘求职 * 杂录 * 生活信息 * 联络我们 首页 > 活动 > 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 2017 10-13 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 新加坡眼 活动 围观180次 留下评论 编辑日期：2017-11-16 字体：大 中 小 translation ad 小编：新加坡总理李显龙最近出访中国，感叹中国的移动支付，指出“我的部长在上海买栗子像个乡巴佬”。大家不禁感慨中国的“新四大发明”是啥？高铁，移 动支付，共享单车，网购。这四大发明都离不开这几年最火的话题——人工智能技术。近期，新加坡政府也提出5年1.5亿，想让新加坡成为一个人工智能强国 ，实施“国家人工智能核心计划 ”。 新加坡“国家人工核心计划”也吸引着来自英国伦敦的Forward Leading公司，不远万里将在新加坡万豪董厦酒店迎来他们在亚洲市场的首场会议——大数据和人工智能领袖峰会。峰会汇聚四国人工智能大咖，阵容高、 大、上，等你来参与！ 领袖峰会汇聚来自新中英美四国顶级企业的大数据和人工智能技术的大咖，囊括最尖端前沿的行业话题，包括人工智能与大数据、数字营销与电子商务、策略与创 新等。集结来自不同行业的技术先锋和商业领袖，打造独一无二的会议学习社交体验。与会嘉宾将有机会听到演讲者分享成功经验，和业界先驱一道学习精彩案例 ，和不同行业的同道者一起群策群力、集思广益，从而克服挑战，取得新的商业成功。 – 首席运营官，澳新银行（ANZ Bank） – 首席数据官，友盟+，阿里巴巴 – 首席数据官，渣打银行（Standard chartered Bank） – 首席计算工程师，劳斯莱斯（Rolls-Royce） – ASPAC地区首席信息官及副总裁，强生（Johnson&Johnson） – 商业分析专业主任，伦敦大学学院（University College London) – 全球人工智能产品总监，西门子（Siemens） – 新加坡IT中心执行总监，默沙东(MSD) – AI行业创新总监，国家人工智能核心计划（AI.Singapore） Forward Leading邀请到了来自中国阿里巴巴旗下的全域数据服务平台友盟+的首席数据官李丹枫博士。根小编了解，友盟+的数据体量在全球范围内也是数一数二 的，目前覆盖了135万个APP，685万个网站，每天能触达的全球移动设备有14亿。李丹枫博士本次分享的不仅仅是数据挖掘机器学习方面的，他将会讲 到数据驱动智能，怎么从弱人工智能走向强人工智能，光听着就是一个好高大上的话题。其他国家的大咖也是创新技术多多啊！ 大咖分享的内容不仅仅局限在研究的技术层面，大部分技术都已经很接地气，很多技术已经在公司内部管理、运营等方面经过反复实践操作。此外，大咖分享的内 容更跳出公司的框架去覆盖本行业和其它行业。 实在是满满的干货和硬货！下面仅列举几个演讲的标题： – AI与商业的未来 – 人类在AI世界的角色 – AI和机器学习如何瓦解企业银行 – 从标准化分析到值得信赖的数据发现 – 机器学习辅助洞察用户的行为数据 – 人工智能 – 创新和智能工程的新动力 – 深层成像-临床决策中的自动化和深度学习 – AI聊天机器人的发展和崛起 从左至右依次是英国UCL的Daniel Hulme博士，阿里巴巴友盟+的李丹枫博士及来自美国硅谷Drive.AI的Brody Huv 不光是交换名片，互相寒暄两句，主办方也专门设计了高端小规模的早午茶歇、午餐和鸡尾酒会等社交环节，以及特意设计的社交破冰和收尾总结环节。也是希望 保证每一位来宾都有足够的时间和机会与演讲大咖以及其他大咖进行深度有效的交流。 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 峰会主题：大数据和人工智能领袖峰会 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 和大数据和人工智能领袖峰会同时同酒店进行的还有Forward Leading旗下的旗舰品牌会议数字营销领袖峰会，演讲嘉宾包括： – 数字体验副总裁，星和（Starhub） – 日本及亚太区数字运营总监，谷歌（Google） – 社会媒体总监，金沙江（Maria Bay Sands） – 数字和消费者引导总监，可口可乐（Coca-Cola） – 零售策略和全球电商资深副总裁，施耐德电气（Schneider Electric） – 亚太营销合作项目主管，脸谱网（Facebook） – 亚洲社交媒体领导，Spotify – 亚太数字营销经理，宝洁（P&G） – 数字互动和参与总监，世界自然基金（WWF） – 增长和营销资深总监，天巡（Skyscanner）等等 峰会主题：数字营销领袖峰会 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 新加坡眼也将和Forward Leading在数字营销领袖峰会上展开合作，带来一场关于全球大数据、人工智能和数字营销的内容分享。关注新加坡眼的你如果有兴趣参加大数据和人工智 能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会，还可以享受独家九折优惠，注册大数据和人工智能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会会议，请直接点击这里，并根据提示，输入折扣 码Yan90。 或者联系会议经理Thomas，邮箱：thomas@forwardleading.co.uk, 电话：+44 20 3813 7955，了解双峰会通票、团体折扣和发票支付等更多信息。这个月月底，我们期待在万豪董厦与你相会！ * 本文固定链接: http://www.yan.sg/dengnilaicanjiande/ * 转载请注明: 新加坡眼 2017年10月13日 于 新加坡眼 发表 喜欢本文，那就分享到： 最后编辑：2017-11-16 作者：新加坡眼 这个作者貌似有点懒，什么都没有留下。 站内专栏 我是新航预备空姐，却被莫名其妙拒了工作准证 主持奥斯卡的新加坡媳妇，连生娃都这么霸气 translation ad 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分类总数：48个 + 标签总数：200个 + 评论总数：2667条 + 页面总数：2个 + 网站已运行：1355天 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 返回顶部 网站地图 ©2014-2017 Yan.sg All Rights Reserved | Theme frontopen2 #Armstrong Economics » Feed Armstrong Economics » Comments Feed Armstrong Economics » Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 Comments Feed Armstrong Economics Search (Submit) Primary Menu Skip to content * Blog-博客 * Writings (ENGLISH英文) * Economic Confidence Model-经济信心模型 * Socrates-苏格拉底-全新的在线平台 + How to use the Forecast Arrays-如何使用预测阵列 + Global Market Watch–全球市场观察 + Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 + Capital Flows–资本流动 + The Business Cycle-商业周期 * SERVICES-服务 * Armstrong Economics + Armstrong Economics(英文） Search for: ____________________ Search Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 AEBanner-10 市场预测可以说一直是一场噩梦。当你认为一切尽在掌握，趋势可能会突然逆转。预测学之所以频遭非议，很大程度上是因为这个领域的很多人通常认为自己预测 了一切，然而事实上，在很多时候，市场证明他们是错的。 在技术分析，基础数据分析，艾略特波浪理论指数或周期性分析中，个人理解决定一切。提高准确度的唯一途径在于尽可能多地消除个人理解和偏见。现今，全球 经济走势嘲弄了一切人类创造的经济理论。纯粹的国内经济或资本市场模型被日益增加的国际资本的力量所取代。就1980年到1985年间的美国经济而言， 货币供应量增长了400%，国家债务增加了一倍。货币理论使我们相信货币量供应的增加将产生更高的通货膨胀，而1980年到1985年这段时间却是通货 紧缩的时代。 自 1971 年以来，全球经济急剧变化，直接导致经济和资本市场预测的混乱。通过对价格和货币供应100年的研究而产生的货币理论忽略一个假设—汇率 。1971年以前，世界货币体系仍采用金本位制。由于货币的价值固定，那么通货膨胀和货币供应量密切相关。然而，始于1971年的浮动汇率时代，通货膨 胀和货币供应二者关系松绑。1980 年到 1985年的通货紧缩再次证明货币供应的增长并不一定导致通货膨胀。同时，第三变量—美元浮动被引入。19 80年到1985年间通货紧缩出现，美元价值上升40%，系统内的压力得以缓解。 从整体讲，经济与资本市场预测在全球经济大潮和演变过程中受到严重影响。因此，对当下我们所处的经济环境的掌握必须与时俱进，否则将遭到淘汰。 。 人工智能是计算机技术的最新热门词汇之一。与之相似的词汇有很多，AI为多数人所熟悉。专家系统便是这样一个程序相对简单的人工智能系统。该系统是一个 大型的知识库，所涉猎的话题可以从医学问题到如何向银行借钱。你只需要建立一个知识库。它通过一系列的问题在人群中实现知识的查询。它帮助医生对罕见的 不寻常疾病做出诊断；银行也可以通过这个系统对贷款人进行信贷审核以便决定是否发放贷款。 部分专家系统使用了”感应“软件。系统将历年的信贷记录收集到库中。电脑将好的和不好的信贷进行分类筛选。系统程序设定一套固定的标准，并用于指导今后 的借款决策。 但是这种形式的“智能”仍然不是真正的人工智能。它是更像一个较高级别的对象编程系统设计，在预先确定的规则下，将A与B进行匹配。有时这种系统可以表 现的相当智能，在几分钟甚至几秒钟内便可对复杂的情况作出决定。尽管如此，专家系统仍不能应对不断变化的市场条件，原因在于经济的变化是一个自然的演变 过程。为了使专家系统达到实时更新，需要”专家“不断地重新编写规则。 例如，如果利率增加到目前水平的3倍，许多原本好的贷款可能变成不良贷款。石油在这方面体现比较明显。如果各方面风险在贷款决策时不能及时作出评判，专 家系统将无法应付这类贷款。即使在医学领域，一旦一种新的疾病出现，就需要有人更新知识库，将疾病的症状录入进去。 真正的人工智能是不需要人为干预便可以自动应对不断变化的环境。例如，自主探索火星的机器人需要一个能做出判断的计算机程序。当机器人遇到一个深谷，计 算机程序便可作出决定是否必须穿过深谷，什么时候穿越。专家系统不能为人类也未曾遇到过的情况编写规则。面对全球经济，我们会面对同样的问题，因为经济 变化无处不在。 人工智能技术必须能够适应不断变化的条件，并随之改变自己的程序。如果用它诊断疾病，它必须能够认识它所处理的是一种新的疾病。它必须像人类一样，运用 自己的知识和经验的储备对新的疾病作出新的诊断。 这就是人工智能和其他的所谓的人工智能计算机程序的主要区别。这是程序在其经验中认知学习的能力，和人类行为是一样的。它必须能根据其记录的经验得出结 论，而不严格限制在其程序员所规定的程序内。 在普林斯顿国际经济，我们投入了大量的时间研究和开发人工智能，唯一的目标是创立一个金融智能计算机系统，能够自主完成评估和预测。我们的人工智能单元 在金融业是独一无二的。它有能力评估市场条件、提供买卖信号、 资产分配和跨国公司的战略规划。 我们的人工智能计算机模型能够对世界资本流动进行全球规模的监控和模式识别。它不仅可以成功地选择投资方向，而且可以决定什么时间和谁做交易。我们的人 工智能程序配有硕大的数据库，搜索智能库，以确定未来的决策。它会预测资本从一个国家向另一个国家流动的时间，已经由此对于国内经济体及每个国家资本市 场的影响。 此外，我们的人工智能计算机模型面向全球每个国家的市场，分每天，每周，每月，每季度和每年记录市场信息。通过此种方式，该系统有能力区分短期、中期、 长期的世界经济和资本市场趋势。正是运用这个模型，使我们准确地预测到了全球股市1987年出现低迷，1989年回到新高点，以及1929年式的经济大 萧条股市无风险。 这种多层次的基础模型是我们这个全球模型成功的关键，它不仅仅预测1987年美国股市趋势的变化，而且能准侧预测1990年日本等许多国家，甚至世界的 经济高峰。 由于大多数经济理论源于闭门造车式的方法，即：”假设所有的事情都是相等的“，这便不难看到，为什么大多数对于经济和市场的预测最终被证明是错误的。对 于任何个人来说都不可能理解周围所有的一切，并通过现有的知识去预测未来的结果。通常情况下，当今大多数经济预测仍然在”假设所有的事情都是相等的“的 影响下，忽略了任何变量，而孤立地实施进行。而我们的人工智能计算机模型恰恰相反，它在全球范围内监测每一处经济和资本市场的变化。只有这样，我们才能 增加对全球经济动态变化的预测的几率。 普林斯顿国际经济（PEI）人工计算机模型已成为拓展经济领域知识的一个重要工具。它有能力寻找新的方法以及探索新的时序模型。它有能力去适应不断变化 的环境，通过创建自己的数据库，存储重要的信息，便于将来比对。在现实中，普林斯顿国际经济人工智能计算机模型已成为科技上一个主要的技术突破，就像显 微镜的发明一样至关重要。如星际迷航？也许吧！但是重要的是，真正的知识源于经验。经验的积累确保我们可以应对每天的变化。应用了PEI人工智能的计算 机模型是一个储备了经济、金融和政治领域经验的集成，它将作为一个知识库，评估过去，预测将来的可能性。我们正在处在21世纪新纪元，人类将更好地理解 其所处的政治、社会和经济环境。 Forecasting the world Search for: ____________________ Search Recent Posts * 克林顿全球倡议-他们基金会核心部分即将关闭 * 2017WEC(WORLD ECONOMIC CONFERENCE 世界经济大会） * 德国为难民开设（调情）课程EE * 达拉斯停止提取养老金EE * 反对美联储加息的游说已经进入到白热化阶段EE Archives * January 2017 * December 2016 * November 2016 * September 2016 * August 2016 * July 2016 * June 2016 * May 2016 * February 2016 * January 2016 * December 2015 * November 2015 * October 2015 * July 2015 * June 2015 * May 2015 Proudly powered by Bitnami WordPress Stack [xclose.png.pagespeed.ic.Zei43eohAv.png] Bitnami #Armstrong Economics » Feed Armstrong Economics » Comments Feed Armstrong Economics » Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 Comments Feed Armstrong Economics Search (Submit) Primary Menu Skip to content * Blog-博客 * Writings (ENGLISH英文) * Economic Confidence Model-经济信心模型 * Socrates-苏格拉底-全新的在线平台 + How to use the Forecast Arrays-如何使用预测阵列 + Global Market Watch–全球市场观察 + Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 + Capital Flows–资本流动 + The Business Cycle-商业周期 * SERVICES-服务 * Armstrong Economics + Armstrong Economics(英文） Search for: ____________________ Search Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 AEBanner-10 市场预测可以说一直是一场噩梦。当你认为一切尽在掌握，趋势可能会突然逆转。预测学之所以频遭非议，很大程度上是因为这个领域的很多人通常认为自己预测 了一切，然而事实上，在很多时候，市场证明他们是错的。 在技术分析，基础数据分析，艾略特波浪理论指数或周期性分析中，个人理解决定一切。提高准确度的唯一途径在于尽可能多地消除个人理解和偏见。现今，全球 经济走势嘲弄了一切人类创造的经济理论。纯粹的国内经济或资本市场模型被日益增加的国际资本的力量所取代。就1980年到1985年间的美国经济而言， 货币供应量增长了400%，国家债务增加了一倍。货币理论使我们相信货币量供应的增加将产生更高的通货膨胀，而1980年到1985年这段时间却是通货 紧缩的时代。 自 1971 年以来，全球经济急剧变化，直接导致经济和资本市场预测的混乱。通过对价格和货币供应100年的研究而产生的货币理论忽略一个假设—汇率 。1971年以前，世界货币体系仍采用金本位制。由于货币的价值固定，那么通货膨胀和货币供应量密切相关。然而，始于1971年的浮动汇率时代，通货膨 胀和货币供应二者关系松绑。1980 年到 1985年的通货紧缩再次证明货币供应的增长并不一定导致通货膨胀。同时，第三变量—美元浮动被引入。19 80年到1985年间通货紧缩出现，美元价值上升40%，系统内的压力得以缓解。 从整体讲，经济与资本市场预测在全球经济大潮和演变过程中受到严重影响。因此，对当下我们所处的经济环境的掌握必须与时俱进，否则将遭到淘汰。 。 人工智能是计算机技术的最新热门词汇之一。与之相似的词汇有很多，AI为多数人所熟悉。专家系统便是这样一个程序相对简单的人工智能系统。该系统是一个 大型的知识库，所涉猎的话题可以从医学问题到如何向银行借钱。你只需要建立一个知识库。它通过一系列的问题在人群中实现知识的查询。它帮助医生对罕见的 不寻常疾病做出诊断；银行也可以通过这个系统对贷款人进行信贷审核以便决定是否发放贷款。 部分专家系统使用了”感应“软件。系统将历年的信贷记录收集到库中。电脑将好的和不好的信贷进行分类筛选。系统程序设定一套固定的标准，并用于指导今后 的借款决策。 但是这种形式的“智能”仍然不是真正的人工智能。它是更像一个较高级别的对象编程系统设计，在预先确定的规则下，将A与B进行匹配。有时这种系统可以表 现的相当智能，在几分钟甚至几秒钟内便可对复杂的情况作出决定。尽管如此，专家系统仍不能应对不断变化的市场条件，原因在于经济的变化是一个自然的演变 过程。为了使专家系统达到实时更新，需要”专家“不断地重新编写规则。 例如，如果利率增加到目前水平的3倍，许多原本好的贷款可能变成不良贷款。石油在这方面体现比较明显。如果各方面风险在贷款决策时不能及时作出评判，专 家系统将无法应付这类贷款。即使在医学领域，一旦一种新的疾病出现，就需要有人更新知识库，将疾病的症状录入进去。 真正的人工智能是不需要人为干预便可以自动应对不断变化的环境。例如，自主探索火星的机器人需要一个能做出判断的计算机程序。当机器人遇到一个深谷，计 算机程序便可作出决定是否必须穿过深谷，什么时候穿越。专家系统不能为人类也未曾遇到过的情况编写规则。面对全球经济，我们会面对同样的问题，因为经济 变化无处不在。 人工智能技术必须能够适应不断变化的条件，并随之改变自己的程序。如果用它诊断疾病，它必须能够认识它所处理的是一种新的疾病。它必须像人类一样，运用 自己的知识和经验的储备对新的疾病作出新的诊断。 这就是人工智能和其他的所谓的人工智能计算机程序的主要区别。这是程序在其经验中认知学习的能力，和人类行为是一样的。它必须能根据其记录的经验得出结 论，而不严格限制在其程序员所规定的程序内。 在普林斯顿国际经济，我们投入了大量的时间研究和开发人工智能，唯一的目标是创立一个金融智能计算机系统，能够自主完成评估和预测。我们的人工智能单元 在金融业是独一无二的。它有能力评估市场条件、提供买卖信号、 资产分配和跨国公司的战略规划。 我们的人工智能计算机模型能够对世界资本流动进行全球规模的监控和模式识别。它不仅可以成功地选择投资方向，而且可以决定什么时间和谁做交易。我们的人 工智能程序配有硕大的数据库，搜索智能库，以确定未来的决策。它会预测资本从一个国家向另一个国家流动的时间，已经由此对于国内经济体及每个国家资本市 场的影响。 此外，我们的人工智能计算机模型面向全球每个国家的市场，分每天，每周，每月，每季度和每年记录市场信息。通过此种方式，该系统有能力区分短期、中期、 长期的世界经济和资本市场趋势。正是运用这个模型，使我们准确地预测到了全球股市1987年出现低迷，1989年回到新高点，以及1929年式的经济大 萧条股市无风险。 这种多层次的基础模型是我们这个全球模型成功的关键，它不仅仅预测1987年美国股市趋势的变化，而且能准侧预测1990年日本等许多国家，甚至世界的 经济高峰。 由于大多数经济理论源于闭门造车式的方法，即：”假设所有的事情都是相等的“，这便不难看到，为什么大多数对于经济和市场的预测最终被证明是错误的。对 于任何个人来说都不可能理解周围所有的一切，并通过现有的知识去预测未来的结果。通常情况下，当今大多数经济预测仍然在”假设所有的事情都是相等的“的 影响下，忽略了任何变量，而孤立地实施进行。而我们的人工智能计算机模型恰恰相反，它在全球范围内监测每一处经济和资本市场的变化。只有这样，我们才能 增加对全球经济动态变化的预测的几率。 普林斯顿国际经济（PEI）人工计算机模型已成为拓展经济领域知识的一个重要工具。它有能力寻找新的方法以及探索新的时序模型。它有能力去适应不断变化 的环境，通过创建自己的数据库，存储重要的信息，便于将来比对。在现实中，普林斯顿国际经济人工智能计算机模型已成为科技上一个主要的技术突破，就像显 微镜的发明一样至关重要。如星际迷航？也许吧！但是重要的是，真正的知识源于经验。经验的积累确保我们可以应对每天的变化。应用了PEI人工智能的计算 机模型是一个储备了经济、金融和政治领域经验的集成，它将作为一个知识库，评估过去，预测将来的可能性。我们正在处在21世纪新纪元，人类将更好地理解 其所处的政治、社会和经济环境。 Forecasting the world Search for: ____________________ Search Recent Posts * 克林顿全球倡议-他们基金会核心部分即将关闭 * 2017WEC(WORLD ECONOMIC CONFERENCE 世界经济大会） * 德国为难民开设（调情）课程EE * 达拉斯停止提取养老金EE * 反对美联储加息的游说已经进入到白热化阶段EE Archives * January 2017 * December 2016 * November 2016 * September 2016 * August 2016 * July 2016 * June 2016 * May 2016 * February 2016 * January 2016 * December 2015 * November 2015 * October 2015 * July 2015 * June 2015 * May 2015 Proudly powered by Bitnami WordPress Stack [xclose.png.pagespeed.ic.Zei43eohAv.png] Bitnami [xhwxlogo300.jpg] 新加坡 [shareImg.jpg] 国外人工智能发展：新加坡把握数字经济增长机遇-新华网 [shareImg.jpg] 狮城对话 专访新加坡驻华大使：新加坡欢迎中国在全球治理中发挥更大作用 专访新加坡驻华大使：新加坡欢迎中国在全球治理中发挥更大作用 就国际社会关注的诸多议题，新加坡驻华大使罗家良近日接受了新华网独家专访。【详细】 * 中国驻新加坡大使馆为您解答海外申请护照在线预约的常见问题 * 胡海泉：做专注负责的跨界投资人 * 刘宏：三大优势成就品牌公共管理研究生院 * 刘宏：跨界治理是“一带一路”倡议重要保障 * 专访中国银行新加坡分行行长邱智坤 热点专题 * * 2017新加坡中国留学生才艺大赛 慧眼中国环球论坛2016 一带一路 中行新加坡分行行长：将继续助力中新企业参与“一带一路” “作为一家在新加坡深耕80多年的商业银行，中行新加坡分行以伴随中国企业走出来和新加坡企业走出去作为重要发展策略，以‘一带一路’金融大动脉建设助 推‘一带一路’建设。【详细】 * 新闻出版广电总局：“一带一路”沿线国家语言翻译出版人才匮乏 * 塞浦路斯表示愿成为“一带一路”参与者和建设者 * 马来西亚成立首个“一带一路”中心(组图) * “一带一路”背景下的翻译研究与教学学术论坛在中国传媒大学举行 * “一带一路”唱响联合国舞台 点击排行 * 1苏布拉·苏雷什受委为新加坡南洋理工大学校长 * 2中国－新加坡青年学者论坛活动重庆启幕 * 3百余位国内外专家学者来渝分享最新科研成果 * 4拼爹又拼哥 新加坡“幼升小”门道多 * 5推进与中资企业联手开发一带一路合作项目 * 6慧眼中国环球论坛：聚焦“一带一路”可持续发展 * 7共享单车进军海外市场 在新加坡等地遇冷 * 8新加坡经济二季度同比增长２．５％ * 9《孤独星球》评亚洲十大旅游地 新马上榜 * 10张杰：加强科技和创新国际合作 共建“一带一路”为“创新之路” 国外人工智能发展：新加坡把握数字经济增长机遇 2017年07月20日 09:35:06 来源： 人民日报 * 评论0 * * 打印 * 字大 * 字小 　　参会观众与美女机器人合影。 　　新加坡近年来出现了一些专注人工智能领域的初创企业，新加坡高等学府也纷纷推出人工智能领域相关研究计划。今年5月，新加坡国家研究基金会推出“国 家人工智能核心”(AI.SG)计划，旨在凝聚政府、科研机构与产业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的发展和应用。国家研究基金会称将在未来5年对这个 计划投资1.5亿新加坡元(1新加坡元约合4.9元人民币)，用于资助相关研究等。 　　社会对于人工智能的需求不断增长 　　“你好，我是伊维(Evie)。” 　　当收到一封这样问候开头的邮件时，也许与你沟通的是一个基于编程代码和云技术的智能聊天机器人。记者对一家新加坡人工智能企业联合创始人的采访，就 在“伊维”的安排下顺利实现了。 　　2014年，两名前雅虎员工在新加坡成立了初创企业Mimetic.ai。经过两年半的潜心开发，2016年11月，他们向市场推出了一款虚拟智能 个人助理应用“伊维”。它的任务是为用户安排会见日程，只需要把发起会见的邮件抄送给“伊维”，它就会上线与发件方电邮交流，根据用户和发件方的日程表 ，协调好各方都合适的会见时间和地点。之后“伊维”还能向用户发送日程提醒和地点信息等，甚至帮忙预订会议室。 　　这位人工智能助理不仅能够全天候、跨时区地工作，更重要的是它从不抱怨工作辛苦，而且费用十分诱人，每月只需支付19新加坡元。即使是今年7月已经 推向市场的专业版“伊维”，其价格也仅涨到35新加坡元。 　　Mimetic.ai是一家刚进入人工智能领域的新企业。对于这家企业而言，开发人工智能不只是为了实现日常事务安排的半自动化，更是要开发能够自 主工作的应用，最终把人从日常事务中解放出来，使其专注从事需要更高级别指令和认知的工作。 　　国际数据公司4月发布的报告预计，2017年全球认知和人工智能系统产生的收益将达到125亿美元，同比增长59.3%，这项收益在2020年有望 超过470亿美元；而全球企业对于认知和人工智能解决方案的投资在未来数年也将继续显著增长。 　　“现代社会对于人工智能的需求不断增长，尤其是对新加坡这样的国家，我们正朝着‘智慧国’的目标前进。”Mimetic.ai联合创始人之一普利文 ·威鲁说。在新加坡，有许多像威鲁这样的创新者，正在实现生活方式的智能化，为人们的工作和生活减负。 　　据新加坡《联合早报》报道，新加坡政府将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、科研机构、初创公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识，制造有用的工具 以及培养相关人才，以便把握数字经济时代下的增长机遇。 　　推动政府、科研机构与业界实现共赢 　　威鲁告诉本报记者，目前，资金、人才和市场等不足是在新加坡经营人工智能初创企业的挑战。“人工智能首先是资金密集型产业，研发投入大、耗时长，投 资者往往不愿意大手笔投入。”威鲁举例说，Mimetic.ai在2014年成立后花了相当长时间创建最小化可行产品，直到产品出来之后才得以寻找风投 注资。其次，新加坡的技术人才储备不如中国，不能满足市场所需。“最后，东南亚地区市场非常碎片化，创建的人工智能产品需要为不同国家定制不同版本，这 增加了生产成本和难度。” 　　今年5月，新加坡国家研究基金会推出AI.SG计划，有望改变新加坡人工智能的发展困局。国家研究基金会称，将在未来五年对这个项目投资1.5亿新 加坡元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 　　具体来说，这项计划将聚合六大角色，分别是国家研究基金会、隶属于总理公署的智慧国及数码政府工作团、经济发展局、信息通信媒体发展局、新加坡创新 机构和综合保健信息系统公司。其中，新加坡创新机构是一家初创企业，以企业家为主轴，紧密联系创办人、投资者、企业和政府机构等，帮助企业开展技术创新 ，并支持创新成果商业化和规模化。 　　这项核心计划旨在结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的应用。对于新加坡政府来说，它需要了解本国人工智能行业的研究与发展；大 学等科研机构在把研究成果转化为产品投向市场时也需要企业的帮助；而对于许多企业来说，人工智能的研究成本非常高昂，他们无力独自启动人工智能研究项目 或是成立相关专家团队。新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨正是让新加坡政府、科研机构与业界实现共赢。 　　ViSENZE是新加坡一家专注于视觉搜索和图像识别技术的人工智能公司。该公司首席执行官兼联合创始人奥利弗·陈认为，除了能够带来资金以外，通 过与政府机构合作，许多小型初创企业可以减少开发技术原型和最小化可行产品的高风险和成本。此外，一个资金更雄厚、更具协作性的运营系统将自然而然吸引 到更多人才。 　　据了解，ViSENZE孵化于清华大学和新加坡国立大学联合创建的“下一代搜索联合研究中心”。通过在机器学习和计算机视觉技术领域的深度研究和应 用，ViSENZE能为在线购买者真正实现“所见即所得”的购物体验。 　　重点开发城市管理、医疗护理及金融领域 　　AI.SG计划有三大目标：其一，解决社会与行业面临的问题，如交通拥堵与人口老龄化；其二，投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；其三，在业 界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工智能方案的商业化。初步目标是在5年内促成100项这类方案，并优先侧重于城市 管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 　　医疗护理是目前新加坡发展人工智能技术最看重的领域，这也是新加坡卫生部控股属下的综合保健信息系统公司为什么会参与到AI.SG计划当中。该公司 希望通过数据科学、计算机科学、机器学习等改善医疗保健质量。综合保健信息系统公司总裁兼新加坡卫生部首席资讯官连水木表示，人工智能可以在预防、诊断 、制定治疗方案、管理用药、实施精准医疗和制药方面起到重要帮助作用。 　　新加坡通讯及新闻部长雅国在宣布这项计划时举例，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境，让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加 强医护人员的培训。“扩增实境”是一种实时地计算摄影机影像的位置及角度并加上相应图像的技术，这种技术的目标是在屏幕上把虚拟世界套在现实世界并进行 互动。 　　AI.SG还将注重人才培养，新加坡国家研究基金会将推出奖学金等计划，吸引和培养研究人工智能领域的人才。据了解，新加坡的高校在人才培养方面已 经走在世界前列。新加坡国立大学正在将现有的互动和数字媒体研究所转型为智能系统研究所。新加坡南洋理工大学4月也曾宣布，将成立新的数据科学和人工智 能研究中心，未来3年为该研究中心投资800万新加坡元。 　　与此同时，人工智能领域的快速发展也让一些新加坡人感到担忧，担心人工智能的流行将减少就业机会。AI.SG执行主席何德华教授在接受新加坡当地媒 体采访时表示， “我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 返回频道首页 【纠错】 [space.gif] [责任编辑: 田明 ] 新华炫闻客户端下载 [twoCode_xuanwen.jpg] 010020030400000000000000011103461296597371 [1.gif?z=1&_wdxid=010020030400000000000000011103461296597371] #Huashang News » Feed Huashang News » Comments Feed Huashang News » 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 Comments Feed alternate alternate Skip to content Navigation * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 ____________________ Search Everything about news Top Banner Image Primary Menu * 首页 * 本地 * 中国 * 华人 * 国际 * 财经 * 文体 * 视频 * 图片 * 招聘 ____________________ * * * * * 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 2017年6月30日 8:50 am by commercialnews 　　今年4月份，阿尔法狗迎战人类围棋选手大获全胜，马云(专题)不以为意， “大家把AlphaGo 说得天花乱坠，很恐怖的样子。我个人觉得，So TM What？”在他看来，机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。而在今天的世界智能大会上，马云发表了“智能改变 世界”的主题演讲，他认为不应该让机器像人，而是要让机器有像人一样学习的能力。机器也不应该成为人的对手，机器和人合作才有未来。 　　演讲全文长达万字 　　“人工智能”这词把人带跑偏了，所以什么是智能？ 　　我挺喜欢“世界智能大会”这个词，或者说叫做“智能”。 　　我们很快进入智能世界。对于中国有些词的翻译，我认为至少是翻译得不对，“人工智能” 这几个字听起来，我就很生气。我觉得这是不对，人把自己看得太高大，把自己过分的提升。“大数据”这个词也有问题，很多人讲这个“大”，误解很大，人家 以为大数据就是数据量很大，其实“大数据”的“大”是大计算的“大”，大计算加数据，称之为大数据。 　　人工智能，我自己这么觉得，我是这么看，人是有智慧的，机器是讲究智能的，动物是有本能的，这三个东西是不一样的。要记住一点，蒸汽机释放了人的体 力，但并没有要求蒸汽机去模仿人的臂力。计算机释放了人的脑力，但并没有让计算机去按照大脑、人脑一样去思考，机器必须要有自己的方式，人类必须要尊重 、敬畏机器的智能。机器必须要有自己独特的思考，这是我自己的一些看法。 　　如果我们把汽车去模仿人类的话，汽车应该是两条腿走路，两条腿走路的汽车永远跑不快，人类在两千年以前，人类就在思考，要是能飞就好，总是希望自己 能够长出翅膀来，但是没有想过飞机取代了人的飞行。很多的问题，我们都要有不同的思考去看问题。 　　所谓的智能世界，我们不应该让万物像人一样，而是万物像人一样去学习，如果万物都学习人，麻烦就大了，应该是万物要拥有像人一样去学习的能力，机器 是具备自己的智能、具备自己的学习的方式。 　　所以我自己觉得，人工智能这几个词，artificial intelliGEnce这几个词翻译过来总有一点误解，使得所有人希望机器怎么样像人一样去干。 　　智能世界有三个最主要的要素： 　　第一、互联网； 　　第二、大数据； 　　第三、云计算； 　　互联网，首先它是一个生产关系；大计算，计算能力，云计算是一个生产力；而大数据是生产资料，有了生产资料，生产力和生产关系。 　　单独的一台机器是不可能智能的，所有数据，以互联网为基础设施，基于互联网这一个生产关系，基于所有数据联通，基于强大的计算能力，只有这样，我们 才能进入到所谓的一个大的智能世界。智能世界是一个系统性思考，而不是单一的东西。 　　所谓人工智能，不是云计算炒完以后炒这个概念。人类进入到智能世界，是因为互联网的发展，产生了大量数据，大量的数据逼迫我们必须有强大的计算能力 去进行处理，这是一个自然的结果。 　　今天我们对于人工智能的理解还是非常之幼稚，就像一百年以前，人类对电的理解非常幼稚，认为电那就是一个电灯泡，事实上他们没有想到今天会有电饭煲 、洗衣机，有各种各样，人类会离不开电。 　　今天我们对AI也好，还是MI也好，还是混合智能也好，都没有清楚的定义。没有清楚的定义很正常，有清楚的定义就很不正常了。对于未来来讲，我们都 是婴幼儿。人类往往会高估自己，做事情成功的人，所谓有一点成就的人，特别容易高估自己，像我这样的人往往以为我看清楚了，其实根本没有看清楚。 　　这是我觉得第一个我想说明的，我们要明白，很多人工智能今天来谈的很多概念、想法，每个人都可以有不同的观点，然后你要相信你自己的观点，并且以此 去坚持。就像我们做电子商务一样，我们不是今天相信，我们十八年以前相信，坚持了十八年，才会走到今天，每个人的做法都可以不一样。 　　智能时代到底为了什么？别让机器去模仿人 　　第二个，智能时代到底为了什么？我的理解，智能时代是解决人解决不了的问题，以及了解人不能了解的东西。机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起 ，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。刚才那个机器人(19.64 +1.87%,诊股)，在我看来是很愚蠢的，把一个东西推推倒，把自己爬爬起来，我们两岁的孩子都能做的，搞了半天，命也搞出，还是不如人的灵活。 　　我最近发现很多美国学者，特别是脑外科专家进入到了人工智能的研究，并且讲出人脑怎么样，机器要像人脑一样学习，我觉得这是一个悲哀。我们人类对大 脑的了解不到5%，我们希望机器去学5%，那不是愚蠢吗。 　　所以我个人觉得，不要让机器去模仿人类，而让机器去做人做不到的事情。 　　人是造不出另外一个人的，这一点放心，人是不可能把自己头发拎起来，人不要造出人类一样的东西，连蚯蚓都造不出来，我们应该让机器做人类做不到的东 西，让机器去发展自己智能的力量、尊重机器、敬畏机器，一个巨大的系统的诞生，它会与众不同的走出不一样的东西。 　　其实数据最可怕的是我了解你，比你了解自己一样，人类这么多年来，尤其工业化的发展，工业化的发展到了顶点就是IT，就是InforMATion Technology，IT让自己越来越强大，IT让人对外部的了解越来越多，我们人类的眼睛是往外看的，所以我们看到了月亮，我们看到了火星，我们天 天在考虑是否到其它行星做一点事情，其实人类最不了解的还是自己。 　　而大数据有可能解决一个了解自己的东西，人了解自己，我们中国的佛家讲究悟，而真正的大数据把人所有的Behavior，行为数据集聚起来以后，我 们才开始对自己有一点点了解。 　　有一点是肯定的，未来的机器一定比你更了解自己，人类最后了解自己，是有可能通过机器来了解的，因为我们的眼睛是往外看的，IT往外看的，但是DT 是往内看的，往内走才是有很大的一个差异。至于前段时间比较热门的AIphaGo，人跟围棋下，我在深圳互联网大会上讲了一下，我认为这是一个悲剧，围 棋是人类自己研究出来，自己玩的东西，人要跟机器去比围棋谁下得好，我第一天就不会比，就跟人要跟汽车比谁跑步跑得快，那不是自己找没趣吗，它一定比你 算得快。 　　围棋是为人类的乐趣去学的，等对方下两步臭棋，对方的电脑根据不会下臭棋，它的脑子算得比你快，记忆力比你好，而且不会有情绪，你怎么搞得过它呢， 道理是一样，AlphaGo1.0跟G2.0比比才有意思，两辆汽车比比谁快才更好，人跟机器比谁厉害，没有意义。 　　围棋的下法，东西方有很大的差异，西方比赛是国际象棋，我把你的王吃掉，后吃掉，你就输掉了，一输百输，0跟1之间的游戏，而中国围棋的好处是共存 ，你最多比我赢了三分之目，四分之三目或者四分之一目，这是中间巨大的乐趣所在，中间的格局、布局、乐趣如果取消了，人将会失去自信。 　　我认为AlphaGo今天来看，从一百年以后来看，人类会为自己的天真和幼稚感到笑话，这些我觉得应该鼓鼓掌，很好，又怎么样呢，不解决什么问题， 只是羞辱了一下人类的智商而已。其实人类自己在羞辱，干嘛跟机器去比这些东西。尽管很多围棋高手并不以为然，没关系，允许不同的观点。 　　包括有些像城市大脑，我自己觉得智慧城市首先要有一个城市大脑，城市大脑对城市的交通、安防、医疗、保险，所有这套东西，人脑是做不出来的，按照人 脑设计一个城市大脑基本是瞎扯，所以一定是走不通的路，以原来的数据，系统和体系，能够方便，更大的一种决策。 　　未来，智能社会的利与弊 　　第三，智能社会会给我们带来什么，喜欢的人看起来都好，不喜欢的人看起来都是问题，这是我们人类的本性，我要喜欢他，我看他什么都能接受，我要讨厌 他，他哪怕笑一笑，我都很讨厌。人类进入智能社会也是一样，有很多人特喜欢，也有很多人反对，反对的人总能提出很多的威胁的理论，支持的人也能找出各种 还是理由，这是未来，这是趋势。我认为这种东西你没有办法停止它，你只能拥抱它，改变自己，适应它，我们不能改变未来，那就学会改变自己，我认为人工智 能，你是改变不了的，这是一个巨大的趋势，你只能改变自己。 　　为未来来讲，三十年也好、五十年也好，人类的冲击一定会非常之大，而且一定会非常疼痛的，任何高科技带来的问题，带来好处也会带来坏处， 　　有好一定带来坏。互联网带来好处，也一定带来社会治理的问题。现在我们天天想人活得长一点，我告诉大家，今后，由于大数据和计算能力的提升，人将活 得越来越长。这是好事还是坏事？不知道。各位在座有很多专家，应该比我懂。 　　人均年龄20岁的时候，我们只有七八亿人口，年均年龄到30岁的时候，我们已经到了20亿人口，现在我们人均年龄到了六七十岁的时候，人类人口已经 到了76亿人口。那么，请问如果人均年龄我们到了100岁的话，这个世界会有多少人？我们该怎么解决这些问题？ 　　现在70亿人的时候，我们已经觉得地球的资源不够，那么如果到了人均年龄100岁，出现两百多亿人口的时候，我们这个世界会往哪儿去，当然有一点是 肯定的，这个世界有一个程序设计，我们人类还不够智慧，摸出这个程序设计，就是人活得长的时候，生育能力一定差，会打仗的民族人口一定少，它是有一个程 序在里边的。 　　直接的影响就是很多工作就会没有。我记得我小时候，我爸说马云你必须要有一技之长，我们要学会一技，可以防身，走遍天下都不怕，我刚好相反，我认为 要啥都懂一点，啥不深，可能更好，我把边上的东西都串起来，事实上一技之长二十年以后，可能无计可施，你不改变自己，可能都不知道干什么，就业的迭代， 大批的就业没有，很正常，早做准备，你今天认为的专业技能，三十年以后都不存在了。 　　大家讲大数据很厉害，数据技术的分析师很重要，我告诉大家，大数据要靠人去分析，基本上也就完了，这个行业以后不会有，一定是计算机进行分析。刚刚 开始出来铁路的时候，人人讨厌，说把那些挑夫，挑担子的人就业没有了，但是铁路出来以后，至少增加了两百多万的铁路工人，这些东西都是产业之间的变革。 　　另外一点，现在司机很多，无人机、无人汽车、无人驾驶出来以后，大批的司机可能就没有了，不是说就业没有了，但是每次技术革命都会诞生很多新的就业 ，只是人类要去做更多有价值的东西，做人类应该做的事情，而不是去做机器要做的事情。过去的几百年，工业的发展，人类让工业做了很多人类做的事情，我们 觉得很轻松，但是人类从来没有找到什么是自己可以做得最好、做得最舒服、做得应该是人要有的东西，我觉得对于就业要有新的价值的发现，对就业，对新的价 值的判断，这是要解决的。 　　有一点是肯定的，三十年以后的就业，五十年以后的就业，一定比今天多，工资一定比今天好，但是未必是你，如果你不改变，你就没机会。所以我们这一代 人还算比较运气，但是我们的孩子如果不改变，麻烦就大，而改变孩子，在中国这样的社会，我们的父母还是有很大的决定权。 　　我经常讲，过去的工业化，我们把人变成了机器，未来的数据化，我们会把机器变成人，机器会越来越聪明，未来所谓的程序化的工作，技术化的工作，都会 变得越来越麻烦，所以我这么觉得，未来的社会应该想办法让人活得更像个人，机器更像机器，这样才是我们应该要有的社会。 　　所以我自己觉得教育也一样，我最近在搞一些教育的试点，不是一定要当第一名，教育里面就做最好的自己，每个人的性格都不一样，成为最好的自己才是我 们要努力的方向，这样大家担心就业怎么办，我觉得三十年、五十年以内，出现每天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，非常正常，大家觉得那我怎么活啊，没怎 么活，你会适应，而且你会觉得一天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，你还是很忙，你觉得休假还不够。就像我们爷爷是一天工作16个小时，在田里面挖地， 觉得很忙，我们现在一天工作8个小时，一个礼拜休息两天，只工作五天，我们总觉得不够，我告诉你，一天工作四小时，那个时候，所谓智能汽车，无人驾驶， 要重新思考人类永远在Mobile，刚才李彦宏讲的以后的Mobile的世界，这个Mobile是指数据的Mobile，人的Mobile，而不仅仅是 手指头的Mobile。 　　我觉得以前我们在工业时代、农业时代，我们一辈子可能只去三个地方，到工业时代，我们一辈子去三十个地方，到了数据时代，我们一辈子可能去三百个地 方甚至三千个地方，人永远在路上。所以这个世界的变革和机会是远远超过你的想象。 　　这些不管你愿不愿意，接受不接受，反正讲未来，你也没法证明，只能以后书上可以证明，说吧，想吧，没有想象力，人跟机器有什么区别呢。 　　人工智能是中国的巨大机会，谈数据垄断还为时过早 　　我觉得对于中国而言，人工智能毫无疑问是巨大机会。我坚信“换道超车”，我是不太相信“弯道超车”的，弯道超车，十超九翻车，而且前面那个人也不会 让你超。你以为弯道超车，你前面平道都落后了，你弯道还能超车啊，那种概率太低，别YY乱想，我们应该在不同的道上进行竞争。 　　我们在不同的道上竞争，才会有今天整个中国的互联网的发展，中国的IT基础设施太差，才会导致中国的电话太差，传统的电话实在太差，导致以移动互联 网迅速崛起，中国传统的IT基础设施太差，才有可能进入互联网和大数据，中国原来的商业零售环境太差，才有电子商务，中国原来的金融体系太不好，才会有 互联网金融。所以不好是一个机会，关键是你怎么样在不好的过程中寻找机会。 　　另外一个，机器智能和人工智能这个发展的前提是海量数据(45.76 +1.80%,诊股)，这是中国独特的国家优势。我们以前的基础设施的优势反而发挥了巨大作用，中国还没有出现大量所谓的信息垄断和数据垄断，所谓的信 息垄断现在都在政府机构里面，因为它拥有你没有的东西，而信息是数据最大的敌人，因为信息是让我自己强，我有，你没有，我才可以做得好，我才可以做得很 强，所以IT Technology会造成垄断，而DT Technology整个让信息流通起来，什么东西只要不流通的，就是信息，什么东西只要是流通的，就是数据。 　　今天有人甚至提出来，中国要防范数据垄断，数据垄断那太幼稚了，今天的数据跟物联网未来十年以后的数据来讲，啥都不是。我一直觉得最大的麻烦是中国 是最早发明四大发明的，但是我们四大发明的应用（ 就很不到位），我说了很多遍，唠唠叨叨有些东西还是不断地讲。 　　指南针是我们发明的，人家拿去做航海，我们去算命和看风水为主，火药是我们发明的，我们做鞭炮，人家去做了枪炮，其实我认为航母也是我们最早想出来 的，三国赤壁大战把船连起来是最早的航母思想，一把火烧了以后，谁都不能再碰了。我觉得，犯错误、创新都很正常，但是我们不能把自己锁在那儿。所谓的数 据垄断，在今天来提，为时过早，我们很多时候，我觉得今天，就是二十五年以前，大家能够想象互联网是今天这个样子吗，二十五年以前互联网的定义跟今天是 一样的定义吗，不是那么回事情。 　　我自己觉得，数据的时代还刚刚开始，零头都没有到，中国是有机会走出一条独特之路，我特别不喜欢很多今天的科技人员，特别是写论文为主的科技人员讲 美国做了这个事情，所以我们必须做这个事情，我们这个填补了中国在科技领域里面的空白，干嘛要填补这些空白，应该填补未来的空白，我们中美之间的比较没 有多大意义，美国有了，我们必须有一个？是未来有，我们必须要有，我们要为未来定标准，而不是以杂志定标准，更不是以美国有了这个东西，我们必须得有。 　　所以其实多花一点时间在客户上，在未来上，比多花点时间在竞争对手上要来得重要，刚才李彦宏讲贵州的事情，说他担心我们两个人吵架观点不一样，马化 腾出来打了个圆场，我根本就不知道李彦宏在那儿，我也不知道马化腾（打圆场），我在媒体上听马化腾替我们打了一个圆场，我不知道李彦宏说了什么，多花时 间在客户身上跟未来，这是我的看法，别在乎其它的，今天的时代是对未来的时代，今天大家都刚开始起跑，未来的竞技，如果是一万米跑步的话，大家都跑了十 米左右，别看边上的人是你的竞争对手，跑三千米以后，才知道谁是竞争对手，你看前面更高的高手，我不是看百度，也不是看腾讯，我们应该看看GOOGle 走到哪里，IBM走到哪里，看看世界，甚至最应该看的是未来、客户，我们的孩子们会碰上什么问题，我们去解决它。 　　我认为中国有这个能力，也有这个担当，中美之间对抗没有意义，中美之间联合起来解决问题才是有意义的，你如果说牛，跟Facebook，跟Goog le联合起来解决一个联合的问题，这才是我们这个世界应该去倡导的东西，而不是说他有，我必须有，我要把他干倒，我觉得这个时代已经过去了。 　　如何迎接数据时代的到来 　　下一个问题，我们探讨一下如何做好准备，我们做好准备数据时代的到来，冲击的是我们这帮人今天在座三十岁以上的人，你要改也有一点难度了，你的地位 未来二三十年只会摇晃、疼痛，但是我们不能让我们的孩子失去一代，最重要的是我们必须进行教育的改革。坏事是这个冲击一定会来，好事是孩子给我们留下了 一点时间。 　　教育的准备 　　还有一个好事是我们大家面对的挑战是一样的，也没有说他有这个挑战，我没有挑战，全人类的挑战都是这个挑战，全人类的机会都是一样的机会。所以我自 己觉得，我们要重新认定、重新思考我们的教育方式。 　　刚才牛津大学的维克托讲的，我非常同意，我们对教育得重新re-define一下，过去两百年，人类追求科技、追求技术、追求科学的发展，相当之了 不起，但是两三百年以前，人类追求智的发展、文化的发展、价值观的发展是相当了不起，追求科学技术的发展，让人类取得了长足的进步，但是我个人认为，也 是反动的，科学不是真理，科学是用来证明真理的，对未来和对宇宙来讲，今天的科学还是一个婴幼儿，我们应该去思考未来，教育来讲，过去两三百年知识积累 的教育，让人类取得了巨大的红利，但是未来知识会让机器越来越聪明。 　　什么是聪明，聪明就是记性比你好，算的比你快，它还体力比你强，这三样东西，人类跟机器都没法比，电脑一定比你算得快，记忆，它从来不会忘掉，它插 上电，永远不停止，你怎么搞得过它，而且它的知识越来越结构化的情况下，我们的孩子今天的教育如果依然围绕数学算得快，背书背得好，可能麻烦就来，但是 不等于放弃，我没有说放弃这个教学。 　　中国要思考教和育是两回事，教让人具备知识，育让人成为真正的人，育让我们以机器为主的这个知识和科技为主的力量有与众不同，可以活得更好。所以未 来的一百年是智慧的时代，而智慧的时代，我认为是体验的时代，是服务的时代，机器将会取代我们过去两百多年依赖的技术和科技为积累的一切的东西。 　　希望大家去思考一下，对我们的孩子，我们应该花一点什么样的精力和能力、时间，让他们以不同的方式学习，让他们学习不同的东西。经常有孩子几年前， 孩子的父母来问我，马云啊，你看我们学这个科好不好，我孩子考大学了，学了这个以后，能找到工作吗，以前能够判断四年以后这个行业行不行，现在根本很难 判断。我们原来的教育体制永远希望你成为最好的学生，我认为我们要让这些孩子做最好的人，人与机器之间，未来的竞争就是人是有智慧的，机器只能是智能。 　　另外教育，我希望我们不只专注在教知识、教文化上，还要多花点在价值观上面，因为像创意、创新、创造，这些东西，机器还是有很大的难度。 　　我坚定希望未来的孩子，多花在琴棋书画上面，音乐让孩子能够产生智慧源泉，下棋让孩子懂得格局、布局、舍和得，书诗歌懂得执着坚持，画培养想象力， 培养想象力、好奇心是我们这些孩子们未来生存的必须的条件，如果我们孩子们丧失了创新力、创造力、好奇心，那我们一定人类会输给机器。我们最怕的不是机 器学人，我们怕的是我们的教育让我们人都开始学机器的时候，这个时代、这个世界才是真正的威胁。 　　创新机制的优化 　　另外一个问题，我想谈的是关于创新。创新的主体是企业，我们说了很多年、很多遍了，刚才柳总的话，作为企业里面，我是特别认同，我觉得今天所谓的a rtificial intelligence，前两年我听见，这是什么词啊，后来发现是学者提出这个词。 　　就阿里巴巴来讲，我们做人工智能的研究和应用已经十多年了，从支付宝第一天诞生的时候，我们就用机器去学习什么是犯罪行为，因为支付宝里面骗钱的人 太多了，每天各种各样诈骗的问题，还不讲网站上抓假货。 　　但是就从骗钱的角度来讲，一个骗子，再聪明的骗子，想出十个骗的方法，这个人已经是顶尖骗子了，一般的人想出两三个骗子方法，那已经也算不错了，我 们让机器可以学会两万、三万个骗术。我们请了一大批刑警、刑事专家，让他们懂得什么是诈骗犯，机器学得更牢、学更快，从来不忘记，而且24小时不下班， 盯得非常牢，有人一上来，机器马上发现，立刻抓住，如果发现机器上一次当，再学习，机器学会，十多年下来，支付宝到目前为止没有一分钱的差错，这是普通 银行不可能做得到的事情。 　　我们并没有觉得这是多了不起的事情，到今天有人把它说得很了不起的时候，也许我们还真很了不起，我们不是因为科学需要这么一个课题，而是因为我们不 解决这个问题，我们公司明天就关门了，这个是市场的需求，没有市场这个需求，是不可能做到的，而且artificial intelligence最大的应用是防止犯罪。 　　大家知道吗，你爱一个人是没有逻辑的，我爱他，我喜欢他，我愿意为他做任何事情，是没有逻辑的，但是你恨一个人，你要想搞一个人，你一定是有逻辑的 ，为什么恨他，该怎么害他，一二三四，只要有逻辑的事情，机器都会抓住你，这个就是巨大的差异，这些差异，我认为在研究院里面是很难搞出来的。 　　所以我呼吁今天很多院士，我们老工程院的院长、副院长也在这儿，给企业里面的科学家有一些院士的身份，对中国科技进步是有帮助的。我们的院士不能都 是在院所大学里面，都很重要，但是作为第一线的士兵们，第一线的人，应该要有这样的能力，我认为就像人工、数据这些东西，不是科研院所出来，尽管理论上 推动，但是走得未来还是我们这些东西，所以请大家考虑一下，并且支持一下我这样的建议和倡议，当然我是从来没有想过当院士，自己家里当当就蛮好了，我也 当不上什么院士。 　　最后我们应该做好这样的准备，教育的准备、创新机制的准备，我们要重新定义聪明也很重要，如果我们的聪明是昨天的定义这样的聪明，我告诉你，机器会 彻底把你全部颠覆掉，人类会越来越沮丧，这个沮丧，就像一个围棋Alpha Go把人类围棋下败，我认为都不值得沮丧的事情，搞得那么多人沮丧，那么这个沮丧才刚刚开始。 　　所以我们必须重新开始，没有任何人任何事能够阻碍大数据、互联网，就象一百年以前，没有任何一个行业可以拔掉电一样，这是一个社会趋势，人类必须为 这个做充分的思想准备，知识爆炸很厉害，但是我这么觉得，两千多年来，人类知识的叠加水平是超越了一切，但是人类的智慧并没有增长。我现在看看我们的儒 家的孔子，道家的老子，我们佛家的释迦牟尼，基督教的耶稣，这些智慧我们还是不如人家，觉得还是有道理，智慧两千多年来并没有巨大的进步。 　　人类在智慧上面，是靠体验，知识是可以学来的，智慧一定是体验。我认为教和育不一样，学和习不一样，学可以获取知识，习可以让你得到智慧，人只有通 过被电刺过以后才知道这个电还是很厉害的。 　　什么叫做聪明和智慧，聪明的人知道自己要什么，智慧的人知道自己不要什么。这个世界有太多的聪明人，我们在座绝大部分人问一下，你要什么，你肯定说 我要钱，我要房子，我要什么，你都能说出来，但是不要什么，你五分钟之内答不清楚不要什么，这是人类智慧的差异。 　　我们人类一定要明白，什么事情是人类做到，机器做不到，什么事情是机器做到，想明白这些东西，面向未来，才有可能，人类没有必要害怕机器，机器是不 可能取代人类的，说一百年以内，刚才有一条，西方杂志讲，现在开始的一百年，机器将比人聪明，我告诉大家，人类还是太乐观，机器现在已经比我们聪明，只 是你不肯承认这一点而已。 　　我们要的是，不要再重现红旗法案这样的事情，在任何会议上我都会呼吁，一个社会的进步不能出现红旗法案。 　　什么叫做红旗法案，一八六几年的时候，英国最早发明汽车，汽车出来的时候，首先去砸汽车的全是马车夫，因为那时候的马车夫是白领工作，那时候的马车 夫是社会的中等收入人群，他们觉得汽车出来，把我的活给砸掉了，首先去自，并且议会政府去抗议，把这个东西关了。最后政府出了一道红旗法案，每一辆车必 须有三个人，有一个人在五十米以前拿一个红旗，汽车永远速度不能超过马车，前面要有一个人引道的，如果汽车的速度超过了马车，汽车的牌照将会吊销。 　　这三十年的红旗法案，完全阻碍了整个英国汽车工业的发展，德国追了上来，法国(专题)追上来，美国发现不错以后，美国迅速把自己变成了一个车轮上的 国家，美国既然是车轮上的国家，又把握另外一个，以石油为主的大的一次技术革命。 　　如果今天的中国已经是一个互联网上的国家，七八亿人口在上面，我们如果出一个法案，每个人说我们要帮助互联网，但是我们没有把握互联网特性，没有把 握住这些东西，很有可能自觉不自觉的出很多红旗法案。而且这样的东西，会越来越多，人类要有足够的自信，有一点是肯定的，我们人类拥有信仰，机器永远不 可能有信仰，而人类失去信仰的时候，人类就不会创新，人类就没有担当，如果失去信仰以后，你一定比不过机器。所以我自己觉得，我们对文化的自信、信仰的 自信只要存在，这个世界还是会很有机会的。 　　所以最后一句，机器不应该成为人的对手，机器和人只有合作在一起，才能解决未来，就像竞争对手一样，我们不应该联合对抗，我们应该联合起来对抗人类 未来共同的问题，共同的麻烦，只有这样，竞争只是乐趣。商场如战场，商场是你杀了他，不等于你能活好，如果天天打对手，你就变成一个职业杀手，你永远做 不了一个好人。我觉得我们这个国家科技各方面的发展一样，面对未来、面对我们的孩子、面对我们共同的挑战，去解决这些问题，才有可能，并且以不同的角度 、深度和广度对问题的看法，我们才有机会，谢谢大家。 Posted in 中国 * * * * * * 相关文章 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 我卖掉北京500万的房产，在老家生活的这两年 * 1515944549257918 俄专家解析：房峰辉案件的背后真相 * 1 (5) 保姆拐走主人儿子养26年 被拐者不想找亲生父母 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 高校抢人学者身价飙涨!有人开100万年薪800万房补 * 1 (1) “政治新星”敛财2100万 出逃不忘带名酒和情妇 * 1 妻子多次给丈夫下毒！吵一次架 下一滴毒 * 1515878022878148 嫁到中国的印度女人说：在中国才是个人 * 5434 (1) 对大陆新航线不满 台当局指示基层空管打骚扰电话 最新|New Posts 45345 (1) 政府成立监督国际组织委员会2018年1月15日 6:05 pm 政府成立监督国际组织委员会commercialnews - 2018年1月15日 6:05 pm * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, * 48648 柬派技术学员到日本实习和工作 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, * 4563453 (1) 洪森：2028年不再任总理候选人 把机会让给年轻人 2018年1月15日 5:55 pm, * 654343 工程耗资约1000万美元 贡不省游船码头将于3月奠基 2018年1月15日 5:52 pm, * 6543565 (2) 编制1000米长水布 柬埔寨要打破世界纪录 2018年1月15日 5:50 pm, Popular Posts 563563 (1) 习武30年“大师”被徐晓冬徒弟40秒打趴3次2018年1月15日 8:40 am * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, No Comment * 48648 柬派技术学员到日本实习和工作 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, No Comment * 4563453 (1) 洪森：2028年不再任总理候选人 把机会让给年轻人 2018年1月15日 5:55 pm, No Comment * 654343 工程耗资约1000万美元 贡不省游船码头将于3月奠基 2018年1月15日 5:52 pm, No Comment Powered by WordPress | Theme: CommercialNews by ThemeCountry.com. * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 #Huashang News » Feed Huashang News » Comments Feed Huashang News » 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 Comments Feed alternate alternate Skip to content Navigation * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 ____________________ Search Everything about news Top Banner Image Primary Menu * 首页 * 本地 * 中国 * 华人 * 国际 * 财经 * 文体 * 视频 * 图片 * 招聘 ____________________ * * * * * 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 2017年6月30日 8:50 am by commercialnews 　　今年4月份，阿尔法狗迎战人类围棋选手大获全胜，马云(专题)不以为意， “大家把AlphaGo 说得天花乱坠，很恐怖的样子。我个人觉得，So TM What？”在他看来，机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。而在今天的世界智能大会上，马云发表了“智能改变 世界”的主题演讲，他认为不应该让机器像人，而是要让机器有像人一样学习的能力。机器也不应该成为人的对手，机器和人合作才有未来。 　　演讲全文长达万字 　　“人工智能”这词把人带跑偏了，所以什么是智能？ 　　我挺喜欢“世界智能大会”这个词，或者说叫做“智能”。 　　我们很快进入智能世界。对于中国有些词的翻译，我认为至少是翻译得不对，“人工智能” 这几个字听起来，我就很生气。我觉得这是不对，人把自己看得太高大，把自己过分的提升。“大数据”这个词也有问题，很多人讲这个“大”，误解很大，人家 以为大数据就是数据量很大，其实“大数据”的“大”是大计算的“大”，大计算加数据，称之为大数据。 　　人工智能，我自己这么觉得，我是这么看，人是有智慧的，机器是讲究智能的，动物是有本能的，这三个东西是不一样的。要记住一点，蒸汽机释放了人的体 力，但并没有要求蒸汽机去模仿人的臂力。计算机释放了人的脑力，但并没有让计算机去按照大脑、人脑一样去思考，机器必须要有自己的方式，人类必须要尊重 、敬畏机器的智能。机器必须要有自己独特的思考，这是我自己的一些看法。 　　如果我们把汽车去模仿人类的话，汽车应该是两条腿走路，两条腿走路的汽车永远跑不快，人类在两千年以前，人类就在思考，要是能飞就好，总是希望自己 能够长出翅膀来，但是没有想过飞机取代了人的飞行。很多的问题，我们都要有不同的思考去看问题。 　　所谓的智能世界，我们不应该让万物像人一样，而是万物像人一样去学习，如果万物都学习人，麻烦就大了，应该是万物要拥有像人一样去学习的能力，机器 是具备自己的智能、具备自己的学习的方式。 　　所以我自己觉得，人工智能这几个词，artificial intelliGEnce这几个词翻译过来总有一点误解，使得所有人希望机器怎么样像人一样去干。 　　智能世界有三个最主要的要素： 　　第一、互联网； 　　第二、大数据； 　　第三、云计算； 　　互联网，首先它是一个生产关系；大计算，计算能力，云计算是一个生产力；而大数据是生产资料，有了生产资料，生产力和生产关系。 　　单独的一台机器是不可能智能的，所有数据，以互联网为基础设施，基于互联网这一个生产关系，基于所有数据联通，基于强大的计算能力，只有这样，我们 才能进入到所谓的一个大的智能世界。智能世界是一个系统性思考，而不是单一的东西。 　　所谓人工智能，不是云计算炒完以后炒这个概念。人类进入到智能世界，是因为互联网的发展，产生了大量数据，大量的数据逼迫我们必须有强大的计算能力 去进行处理，这是一个自然的结果。 　　今天我们对于人工智能的理解还是非常之幼稚，就像一百年以前，人类对电的理解非常幼稚，认为电那就是一个电灯泡，事实上他们没有想到今天会有电饭煲 、洗衣机，有各种各样，人类会离不开电。 　　今天我们对AI也好，还是MI也好，还是混合智能也好，都没有清楚的定义。没有清楚的定义很正常，有清楚的定义就很不正常了。对于未来来讲，我们都 是婴幼儿。人类往往会高估自己，做事情成功的人，所谓有一点成就的人，特别容易高估自己，像我这样的人往往以为我看清楚了，其实根本没有看清楚。 　　这是我觉得第一个我想说明的，我们要明白，很多人工智能今天来谈的很多概念、想法，每个人都可以有不同的观点，然后你要相信你自己的观点，并且以此 去坚持。就像我们做电子商务一样，我们不是今天相信，我们十八年以前相信，坚持了十八年，才会走到今天，每个人的做法都可以不一样。 　　智能时代到底为了什么？别让机器去模仿人 　　第二个，智能时代到底为了什么？我的理解，智能时代是解决人解决不了的问题，以及了解人不能了解的东西。机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起 ，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。刚才那个机器人(19.64 +1.87%,诊股)，在我看来是很愚蠢的，把一个东西推推倒，把自己爬爬起来，我们两岁的孩子都能做的，搞了半天，命也搞出，还是不如人的灵活。 　　我最近发现很多美国学者，特别是脑外科专家进入到了人工智能的研究，并且讲出人脑怎么样，机器要像人脑一样学习，我觉得这是一个悲哀。我们人类对大 脑的了解不到5%，我们希望机器去学5%，那不是愚蠢吗。 　　所以我个人觉得，不要让机器去模仿人类，而让机器去做人做不到的事情。 　　人是造不出另外一个人的，这一点放心，人是不可能把自己头发拎起来，人不要造出人类一样的东西，连蚯蚓都造不出来，我们应该让机器做人类做不到的东 西，让机器去发展自己智能的力量、尊重机器、敬畏机器，一个巨大的系统的诞生，它会与众不同的走出不一样的东西。 　　其实数据最可怕的是我了解你，比你了解自己一样，人类这么多年来，尤其工业化的发展，工业化的发展到了顶点就是IT，就是InforMATion Technology，IT让自己越来越强大，IT让人对外部的了解越来越多，我们人类的眼睛是往外看的，所以我们看到了月亮，我们看到了火星，我们天 天在考虑是否到其它行星做一点事情，其实人类最不了解的还是自己。 　　而大数据有可能解决一个了解自己的东西，人了解自己，我们中国的佛家讲究悟，而真正的大数据把人所有的Behavior，行为数据集聚起来以后，我 们才开始对自己有一点点了解。 　　有一点是肯定的，未来的机器一定比你更了解自己，人类最后了解自己，是有可能通过机器来了解的，因为我们的眼睛是往外看的，IT往外看的，但是DT 是往内看的，往内走才是有很大的一个差异。至于前段时间比较热门的AIphaGo，人跟围棋下，我在深圳互联网大会上讲了一下，我认为这是一个悲剧，围 棋是人类自己研究出来，自己玩的东西，人要跟机器去比围棋谁下得好，我第一天就不会比，就跟人要跟汽车比谁跑步跑得快，那不是自己找没趣吗，它一定比你 算得快。 　　围棋是为人类的乐趣去学的，等对方下两步臭棋，对方的电脑根据不会下臭棋，它的脑子算得比你快，记忆力比你好，而且不会有情绪，你怎么搞得过它呢， 道理是一样，AlphaGo1.0跟G2.0比比才有意思，两辆汽车比比谁快才更好，人跟机器比谁厉害，没有意义。 　　围棋的下法，东西方有很大的差异，西方比赛是国际象棋，我把你的王吃掉，后吃掉，你就输掉了，一输百输，0跟1之间的游戏，而中国围棋的好处是共存 ，你最多比我赢了三分之目，四分之三目或者四分之一目，这是中间巨大的乐趣所在，中间的格局、布局、乐趣如果取消了，人将会失去自信。 　　我认为AlphaGo今天来看，从一百年以后来看，人类会为自己的天真和幼稚感到笑话，这些我觉得应该鼓鼓掌，很好，又怎么样呢，不解决什么问题， 只是羞辱了一下人类的智商而已。其实人类自己在羞辱，干嘛跟机器去比这些东西。尽管很多围棋高手并不以为然，没关系，允许不同的观点。 　　包括有些像城市大脑，我自己觉得智慧城市首先要有一个城市大脑，城市大脑对城市的交通、安防、医疗、保险，所有这套东西，人脑是做不出来的，按照人 脑设计一个城市大脑基本是瞎扯，所以一定是走不通的路，以原来的数据，系统和体系，能够方便，更大的一种决策。 　　未来，智能社会的利与弊 　　第三，智能社会会给我们带来什么，喜欢的人看起来都好，不喜欢的人看起来都是问题，这是我们人类的本性，我要喜欢他，我看他什么都能接受，我要讨厌 他，他哪怕笑一笑，我都很讨厌。人类进入智能社会也是一样，有很多人特喜欢，也有很多人反对，反对的人总能提出很多的威胁的理论，支持的人也能找出各种 还是理由，这是未来，这是趋势。我认为这种东西你没有办法停止它，你只能拥抱它，改变自己，适应它，我们不能改变未来，那就学会改变自己，我认为人工智 能，你是改变不了的，这是一个巨大的趋势，你只能改变自己。 　　为未来来讲，三十年也好、五十年也好，人类的冲击一定会非常之大，而且一定会非常疼痛的，任何高科技带来的问题，带来好处也会带来坏处， 　　有好一定带来坏。互联网带来好处，也一定带来社会治理的问题。现在我们天天想人活得长一点，我告诉大家，今后，由于大数据和计算能力的提升，人将活 得越来越长。这是好事还是坏事？不知道。各位在座有很多专家，应该比我懂。 　　人均年龄20岁的时候，我们只有七八亿人口，年均年龄到30岁的时候，我们已经到了20亿人口，现在我们人均年龄到了六七十岁的时候，人类人口已经 到了76亿人口。那么，请问如果人均年龄我们到了100岁的话，这个世界会有多少人？我们该怎么解决这些问题？ 　　现在70亿人的时候，我们已经觉得地球的资源不够，那么如果到了人均年龄100岁，出现两百多亿人口的时候，我们这个世界会往哪儿去，当然有一点是 肯定的，这个世界有一个程序设计，我们人类还不够智慧，摸出这个程序设计，就是人活得长的时候，生育能力一定差，会打仗的民族人口一定少，它是有一个程 序在里边的。 　　直接的影响就是很多工作就会没有。我记得我小时候，我爸说马云你必须要有一技之长，我们要学会一技，可以防身，走遍天下都不怕，我刚好相反，我认为 要啥都懂一点，啥不深，可能更好，我把边上的东西都串起来，事实上一技之长二十年以后，可能无计可施，你不改变自己，可能都不知道干什么，就业的迭代， 大批的就业没有，很正常，早做准备，你今天认为的专业技能，三十年以后都不存在了。 　　大家讲大数据很厉害，数据技术的分析师很重要，我告诉大家，大数据要靠人去分析，基本上也就完了，这个行业以后不会有，一定是计算机进行分析。刚刚 开始出来铁路的时候，人人讨厌，说把那些挑夫，挑担子的人就业没有了，但是铁路出来以后，至少增加了两百多万的铁路工人，这些东西都是产业之间的变革。 　　另外一点，现在司机很多，无人机、无人汽车、无人驾驶出来以后，大批的司机可能就没有了，不是说就业没有了，但是每次技术革命都会诞生很多新的就业 ，只是人类要去做更多有价值的东西，做人类应该做的事情，而不是去做机器要做的事情。过去的几百年，工业的发展，人类让工业做了很多人类做的事情，我们 觉得很轻松，但是人类从来没有找到什么是自己可以做得最好、做得最舒服、做得应该是人要有的东西，我觉得对于就业要有新的价值的发现，对就业，对新的价 值的判断，这是要解决的。 　　有一点是肯定的，三十年以后的就业，五十年以后的就业，一定比今天多，工资一定比今天好，但是未必是你，如果你不改变，你就没机会。所以我们这一代 人还算比较运气，但是我们的孩子如果不改变，麻烦就大，而改变孩子，在中国这样的社会，我们的父母还是有很大的决定权。 　　我经常讲，过去的工业化，我们把人变成了机器，未来的数据化，我们会把机器变成人，机器会越来越聪明，未来所谓的程序化的工作，技术化的工作，都会 变得越来越麻烦，所以我这么觉得，未来的社会应该想办法让人活得更像个人，机器更像机器，这样才是我们应该要有的社会。 　　所以我自己觉得教育也一样，我最近在搞一些教育的试点，不是一定要当第一名，教育里面就做最好的自己，每个人的性格都不一样，成为最好的自己才是我 们要努力的方向，这样大家担心就业怎么办，我觉得三十年、五十年以内，出现每天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，非常正常，大家觉得那我怎么活啊，没怎 么活，你会适应，而且你会觉得一天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，你还是很忙，你觉得休假还不够。就像我们爷爷是一天工作16个小时，在田里面挖地， 觉得很忙，我们现在一天工作8个小时，一个礼拜休息两天，只工作五天，我们总觉得不够，我告诉你，一天工作四小时，那个时候，所谓智能汽车，无人驾驶， 要重新思考人类永远在Mobile，刚才李彦宏讲的以后的Mobile的世界，这个Mobile是指数据的Mobile，人的Mobile，而不仅仅是 手指头的Mobile。 　　我觉得以前我们在工业时代、农业时代，我们一辈子可能只去三个地方，到工业时代，我们一辈子去三十个地方，到了数据时代，我们一辈子可能去三百个地 方甚至三千个地方，人永远在路上。所以这个世界的变革和机会是远远超过你的想象。 　　这些不管你愿不愿意，接受不接受，反正讲未来，你也没法证明，只能以后书上可以证明，说吧，想吧，没有想象力，人跟机器有什么区别呢。 　　人工智能是中国的巨大机会，谈数据垄断还为时过早 　　我觉得对于中国而言，人工智能毫无疑问是巨大机会。我坚信“换道超车”，我是不太相信“弯道超车”的，弯道超车，十超九翻车，而且前面那个人也不会 让你超。你以为弯道超车，你前面平道都落后了，你弯道还能超车啊，那种概率太低，别YY乱想，我们应该在不同的道上进行竞争。 　　我们在不同的道上竞争，才会有今天整个中国的互联网的发展，中国的IT基础设施太差，才会导致中国的电话太差，传统的电话实在太差，导致以移动互联 网迅速崛起，中国传统的IT基础设施太差，才有可能进入互联网和大数据，中国原来的商业零售环境太差，才有电子商务，中国原来的金融体系太不好，才会有 互联网金融。所以不好是一个机会，关键是你怎么样在不好的过程中寻找机会。 　　另外一个，机器智能和人工智能这个发展的前提是海量数据(45.76 +1.80%,诊股)，这是中国独特的国家优势。我们以前的基础设施的优势反而发挥了巨大作用，中国还没有出现大量所谓的信息垄断和数据垄断，所谓的信 息垄断现在都在政府机构里面，因为它拥有你没有的东西，而信息是数据最大的敌人，因为信息是让我自己强，我有，你没有，我才可以做得好，我才可以做得很 强，所以IT Technology会造成垄断，而DT Technology整个让信息流通起来，什么东西只要不流通的，就是信息，什么东西只要是流通的，就是数据。 　　今天有人甚至提出来，中国要防范数据垄断，数据垄断那太幼稚了，今天的数据跟物联网未来十年以后的数据来讲，啥都不是。我一直觉得最大的麻烦是中国 是最早发明四大发明的，但是我们四大发明的应用（ 就很不到位），我说了很多遍，唠唠叨叨有些东西还是不断地讲。 　　指南针是我们发明的，人家拿去做航海，我们去算命和看风水为主，火药是我们发明的，我们做鞭炮，人家去做了枪炮，其实我认为航母也是我们最早想出来 的，三国赤壁大战把船连起来是最早的航母思想，一把火烧了以后，谁都不能再碰了。我觉得，犯错误、创新都很正常，但是我们不能把自己锁在那儿。所谓的数 据垄断，在今天来提，为时过早，我们很多时候，我觉得今天，就是二十五年以前，大家能够想象互联网是今天这个样子吗，二十五年以前互联网的定义跟今天是 一样的定义吗，不是那么回事情。 　　我自己觉得，数据的时代还刚刚开始，零头都没有到，中国是有机会走出一条独特之路，我特别不喜欢很多今天的科技人员，特别是写论文为主的科技人员讲 美国做了这个事情，所以我们必须做这个事情，我们这个填补了中国在科技领域里面的空白，干嘛要填补这些空白，应该填补未来的空白，我们中美之间的比较没 有多大意义，美国有了，我们必须有一个？是未来有，我们必须要有，我们要为未来定标准，而不是以杂志定标准，更不是以美国有了这个东西，我们必须得有。 　　所以其实多花一点时间在客户上，在未来上，比多花点时间在竞争对手上要来得重要，刚才李彦宏讲贵州的事情，说他担心我们两个人吵架观点不一样，马化 腾出来打了个圆场，我根本就不知道李彦宏在那儿，我也不知道马化腾（打圆场），我在媒体上听马化腾替我们打了一个圆场，我不知道李彦宏说了什么，多花时 间在客户身上跟未来，这是我的看法，别在乎其它的，今天的时代是对未来的时代，今天大家都刚开始起跑，未来的竞技，如果是一万米跑步的话，大家都跑了十 米左右，别看边上的人是你的竞争对手，跑三千米以后，才知道谁是竞争对手，你看前面更高的高手，我不是看百度，也不是看腾讯，我们应该看看GOOGle 走到哪里，IBM走到哪里，看看世界，甚至最应该看的是未来、客户，我们的孩子们会碰上什么问题，我们去解决它。 　　我认为中国有这个能力，也有这个担当，中美之间对抗没有意义，中美之间联合起来解决问题才是有意义的，你如果说牛，跟Facebook，跟Goog le联合起来解决一个联合的问题，这才是我们这个世界应该去倡导的东西，而不是说他有，我必须有，我要把他干倒，我觉得这个时代已经过去了。 　　如何迎接数据时代的到来 　　下一个问题，我们探讨一下如何做好准备，我们做好准备数据时代的到来，冲击的是我们这帮人今天在座三十岁以上的人，你要改也有一点难度了，你的地位 未来二三十年只会摇晃、疼痛，但是我们不能让我们的孩子失去一代，最重要的是我们必须进行教育的改革。坏事是这个冲击一定会来，好事是孩子给我们留下了 一点时间。 　　教育的准备 　　还有一个好事是我们大家面对的挑战是一样的，也没有说他有这个挑战，我没有挑战，全人类的挑战都是这个挑战，全人类的机会都是一样的机会。所以我自 己觉得，我们要重新认定、重新思考我们的教育方式。 　　刚才牛津大学的维克托讲的，我非常同意，我们对教育得重新re-define一下，过去两百年，人类追求科技、追求技术、追求科学的发展，相当之了 不起，但是两三百年以前，人类追求智的发展、文化的发展、价值观的发展是相当了不起，追求科学技术的发展，让人类取得了长足的进步，但是我个人认为，也 是反动的，科学不是真理，科学是用来证明真理的，对未来和对宇宙来讲，今天的科学还是一个婴幼儿，我们应该去思考未来，教育来讲，过去两三百年知识积累 的教育，让人类取得了巨大的红利，但是未来知识会让机器越来越聪明。 　　什么是聪明，聪明就是记性比你好，算的比你快，它还体力比你强，这三样东西，人类跟机器都没法比，电脑一定比你算得快，记忆，它从来不会忘掉，它插 上电，永远不停止，你怎么搞得过它，而且它的知识越来越结构化的情况下，我们的孩子今天的教育如果依然围绕数学算得快，背书背得好，可能麻烦就来，但是 不等于放弃，我没有说放弃这个教学。 　　中国要思考教和育是两回事，教让人具备知识，育让人成为真正的人，育让我们以机器为主的这个知识和科技为主的力量有与众不同，可以活得更好。所以未 来的一百年是智慧的时代，而智慧的时代，我认为是体验的时代，是服务的时代，机器将会取代我们过去两百多年依赖的技术和科技为积累的一切的东西。 　　希望大家去思考一下，对我们的孩子，我们应该花一点什么样的精力和能力、时间，让他们以不同的方式学习，让他们学习不同的东西。经常有孩子几年前， 孩子的父母来问我，马云啊，你看我们学这个科好不好，我孩子考大学了，学了这个以后，能找到工作吗，以前能够判断四年以后这个行业行不行，现在根本很难 判断。我们原来的教育体制永远希望你成为最好的学生，我认为我们要让这些孩子做最好的人，人与机器之间，未来的竞争就是人是有智慧的，机器只能是智能。 　　另外教育，我希望我们不只专注在教知识、教文化上，还要多花点在价值观上面，因为像创意、创新、创造，这些东西，机器还是有很大的难度。 　　我坚定希望未来的孩子，多花在琴棋书画上面，音乐让孩子能够产生智慧源泉，下棋让孩子懂得格局、布局、舍和得，书诗歌懂得执着坚持，画培养想象力， 培养想象力、好奇心是我们这些孩子们未来生存的必须的条件，如果我们孩子们丧失了创新力、创造力、好奇心，那我们一定人类会输给机器。我们最怕的不是机 器学人，我们怕的是我们的教育让我们人都开始学机器的时候，这个时代、这个世界才是真正的威胁。 　　创新机制的优化 　　另外一个问题，我想谈的是关于创新。创新的主体是企业，我们说了很多年、很多遍了，刚才柳总的话，作为企业里面，我是特别认同，我觉得今天所谓的a rtificial intelligence，前两年我听见，这是什么词啊，后来发现是学者提出这个词。 　　就阿里巴巴来讲，我们做人工智能的研究和应用已经十多年了，从支付宝第一天诞生的时候，我们就用机器去学习什么是犯罪行为，因为支付宝里面骗钱的人 太多了，每天各种各样诈骗的问题，还不讲网站上抓假货。 　　但是就从骗钱的角度来讲，一个骗子，再聪明的骗子，想出十个骗的方法，这个人已经是顶尖骗子了，一般的人想出两三个骗子方法，那已经也算不错了，我 们让机器可以学会两万、三万个骗术。我们请了一大批刑警、刑事专家，让他们懂得什么是诈骗犯，机器学得更牢、学更快，从来不忘记，而且24小时不下班， 盯得非常牢，有人一上来，机器马上发现，立刻抓住，如果发现机器上一次当，再学习，机器学会，十多年下来，支付宝到目前为止没有一分钱的差错，这是普通 银行不可能做得到的事情。 　　我们并没有觉得这是多了不起的事情，到今天有人把它说得很了不起的时候，也许我们还真很了不起，我们不是因为科学需要这么一个课题，而是因为我们不 解决这个问题，我们公司明天就关门了，这个是市场的需求，没有市场这个需求，是不可能做到的，而且artificial intelligence最大的应用是防止犯罪。 　　大家知道吗，你爱一个人是没有逻辑的，我爱他，我喜欢他，我愿意为他做任何事情，是没有逻辑的，但是你恨一个人，你要想搞一个人，你一定是有逻辑的 ，为什么恨他，该怎么害他，一二三四，只要有逻辑的事情，机器都会抓住你，这个就是巨大的差异，这些差异，我认为在研究院里面是很难搞出来的。 　　所以我呼吁今天很多院士，我们老工程院的院长、副院长也在这儿，给企业里面的科学家有一些院士的身份，对中国科技进步是有帮助的。我们的院士不能都 是在院所大学里面，都很重要，但是作为第一线的士兵们，第一线的人，应该要有这样的能力，我认为就像人工、数据这些东西，不是科研院所出来，尽管理论上 推动，但是走得未来还是我们这些东西，所以请大家考虑一下，并且支持一下我这样的建议和倡议，当然我是从来没有想过当院士，自己家里当当就蛮好了，我也 当不上什么院士。 　　最后我们应该做好这样的准备，教育的准备、创新机制的准备，我们要重新定义聪明也很重要，如果我们的聪明是昨天的定义这样的聪明，我告诉你，机器会 彻底把你全部颠覆掉，人类会越来越沮丧，这个沮丧，就像一个围棋Alpha Go把人类围棋下败，我认为都不值得沮丧的事情，搞得那么多人沮丧，那么这个沮丧才刚刚开始。 　　所以我们必须重新开始，没有任何人任何事能够阻碍大数据、互联网，就象一百年以前，没有任何一个行业可以拔掉电一样，这是一个社会趋势，人类必须为 这个做充分的思想准备，知识爆炸很厉害，但是我这么觉得，两千多年来，人类知识的叠加水平是超越了一切，但是人类的智慧并没有增长。我现在看看我们的儒 家的孔子，道家的老子，我们佛家的释迦牟尼，基督教的耶稣，这些智慧我们还是不如人家，觉得还是有道理，智慧两千多年来并没有巨大的进步。 　　人类在智慧上面，是靠体验，知识是可以学来的，智慧一定是体验。我认为教和育不一样，学和习不一样，学可以获取知识，习可以让你得到智慧，人只有通 过被电刺过以后才知道这个电还是很厉害的。 　　什么叫做聪明和智慧，聪明的人知道自己要什么，智慧的人知道自己不要什么。这个世界有太多的聪明人，我们在座绝大部分人问一下，你要什么，你肯定说 我要钱，我要房子，我要什么，你都能说出来，但是不要什么，你五分钟之内答不清楚不要什么，这是人类智慧的差异。 　　我们人类一定要明白，什么事情是人类做到，机器做不到，什么事情是机器做到，想明白这些东西，面向未来，才有可能，人类没有必要害怕机器，机器是不 可能取代人类的，说一百年以内，刚才有一条，西方杂志讲，现在开始的一百年，机器将比人聪明，我告诉大家，人类还是太乐观，机器现在已经比我们聪明，只 是你不肯承认这一点而已。 　　我们要的是，不要再重现红旗法案这样的事情，在任何会议上我都会呼吁，一个社会的进步不能出现红旗法案。 　　什么叫做红旗法案，一八六几年的时候，英国最早发明汽车，汽车出来的时候，首先去砸汽车的全是马车夫，因为那时候的马车夫是白领工作，那时候的马车 夫是社会的中等收入人群，他们觉得汽车出来，把我的活给砸掉了，首先去自，并且议会政府去抗议，把这个东西关了。最后政府出了一道红旗法案，每一辆车必 须有三个人，有一个人在五十米以前拿一个红旗，汽车永远速度不能超过马车，前面要有一个人引道的，如果汽车的速度超过了马车，汽车的牌照将会吊销。 　　这三十年的红旗法案，完全阻碍了整个英国汽车工业的发展，德国追了上来，法国(专题)追上来，美国发现不错以后，美国迅速把自己变成了一个车轮上的 国家，美国既然是车轮上的国家，又把握另外一个，以石油为主的大的一次技术革命。 　　如果今天的中国已经是一个互联网上的国家，七八亿人口在上面，我们如果出一个法案，每个人说我们要帮助互联网，但是我们没有把握互联网特性，没有把 握住这些东西，很有可能自觉不自觉的出很多红旗法案。而且这样的东西，会越来越多，人类要有足够的自信，有一点是肯定的，我们人类拥有信仰，机器永远不 可能有信仰，而人类失去信仰的时候，人类就不会创新，人类就没有担当，如果失去信仰以后，你一定比不过机器。所以我自己觉得，我们对文化的自信、信仰的 自信只要存在，这个世界还是会很有机会的。 　　所以最后一句，机器不应该成为人的对手，机器和人只有合作在一起，才能解决未来，就像竞争对手一样，我们不应该联合对抗，我们应该联合起来对抗人类 未来共同的问题，共同的麻烦，只有这样，竞争只是乐趣。商场如战场，商场是你杀了他，不等于你能活好，如果天天打对手，你就变成一个职业杀手，你永远做 不了一个好人。我觉得我们这个国家科技各方面的发展一样，面对未来、面对我们的孩子、面对我们共同的挑战，去解决这些问题，才有可能，并且以不同的角度 、深度和广度对问题的看法，我们才有机会，谢谢大家。 Posted in 中国 * * * * * * 相关文章 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 我卖掉北京500万的房产，在老家生活的这两年 * 1515944549257918 俄专家解析：房峰辉案件的背后真相 * 1 (5) 保姆拐走主人儿子养26年 被拐者不想找亲生父母 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 高校抢人学者身价飙涨!有人开100万年薪800万房补 * 1 (1) “政治新星”敛财2100万 出逃不忘带名酒和情妇 * 1 妻子多次给丈夫下毒！吵一次架 下一滴毒 * 1515878022878148 嫁到中国的印度女人说：在中国才是个人 * 5434 (1) 对大陆新航线不满 台当局指示基层空管打骚扰电话 最新|New Posts 45345 (1) 政府成立监督国际组织委员会2018年1月15日 6:05 pm 政府成立监督国际组织委员会commercialnews - 2018年1月15日 6:05 pm * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 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2017-01-25 微软纳德拉人工智能 * 微软将与英特尔合作整合小娜和AI技术 抗衡亚马逊Echo 微软将与英特尔合作整合小娜和AI技术 抗衡亚马逊Echo 品牌君 | 2016-12-08 人工智能英特尔微软 * 张一鸣：今日头条将把人工智能在信息领域的应用推向世界 张一鸣：今日头条将把人工智能在信息领域的应用推向世界 天天品牌 | 2016-11-24 人工智能信息平台张一鸣 © Copyright 2016-2017. www.ttpp.com All Rights Reserved  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 新闻 新加坡 我国拨1.5亿元推动人工智能发展 2017年5月4日 星期四 03:30 AM文/陈劲禾, 苏德铭来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的 使用，提高生产力、创造新产品。 我国将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、研究机构、起步公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识、制造有用的工具，以及培养人才，以把握数码经济的增长 机遇。 新加坡国立研究基金会推出“新加坡全国人工智能核心”（AI.SG）计划，结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的使用。 通讯及新闻部长雅国博士昨日在创新科技展（Innovfest Unbound）的开幕仪式上致词时，宣布上述消息。 未来五年，国立研究基金会将为AI.SG拨款1亿5000万元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高 生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工技能方案的商业化。初步目标是在五年内促成100项这类方案，并会先着重于城市管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 雅国博士举例说，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境（augmented reality），让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加强医护人员的培训。 成立联合平台 推动数据科技应用 与企业合作方面，AI.SG将举办交流活动与编程马拉松（hackathon），同企业乃至个人一起为现实生活中的问题寻找解决方案。 另外，它将营造一个创客空间（makerspace），通过共用资源与设施，促进人工智能相关企业与个人之间的交流与合作。 雅国昨天也宣布成立“新加坡数据科学联合平台”（Singapore Data Science Consortium），促进业界、高等学府及研究中心的数据科学研究，推动数据科技的应用。 他说：“人工智能与数据科学都是新加坡政府要创建及把握的前沿科技。长远来看，有关的投资将为所有国人增加经济机会。” AI.SG管理委员会由政府机构、研究机构及业界代表组成，新加坡国立大学常务副校长（研究与科技）兼陈振传百年纪念教授何德华担任执行主席。他也领导 新加坡数据科学联合平台。 何德华受访时说，希望国人不要过于担心人工智能会取代人类，减少就业机会。他说：“我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被 人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 昨日于滨海湾金沙举行的创新科技展吸引了1万多名与会者，以及350家科技业者参展。 其中，参展的智能复健起步公司FlexoSense发明了一种压力感应器，可安装在糖尿病患者的鞋垫上，测量病患是否在脚底的溃疡处施加过多的压力。 若情况控制不当，糖尿病足部溃疡可导致截肢，本地每五名截肢的病患就有一人于一年内死亡。 公司联合创办人谢丽萍受访时说，感应器的使用普及后，收集到的数据可通过人工智能进一步发展成预测溃疡发作可能性的科技，好让医护人员及时提供预防溃疡 的意见。 她说：“一些医院已对我们的科技表示兴趣。它们都说，这个科技将颠覆目前的作业方式。” (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 人工智能产业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 * 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 * 女邻被狗咬 指狗主拒赔 狗主：警调查中 * 全身73%烧伤 工人毁容不丧志 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 免费精选 * 电子报 * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobao-logo.svg] [zaobao-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * ZShop 集品店 全新中小企业资讯网 直播 视频 深夜好读 生活补给站 完成一个梦 我是小某某 首页 新闻 早报现在 副刊 人工智能 建立饮者品味模型 2017年7月23日 星期日 03:30 AM来自/新加坡›联合早报 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 路透社 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 饮者将每一次品尝葡萄酒后的味道记录在人工智能软件里，从不停累积的数据建立饮者的品味模型。（Docurbs提供） 　　人工智能软件记录并分析消费者的品酒喜好，这些数据可用在建立饮者类别的感官模型，让生产商洞悉哪些味道刺激饮者感官。然而，人工智能无法预测一瓶 葡萄酒的成长结果，机器也无法取代专业侍酒师的味蕾，以及传达品酒文化。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 个人代步工具违例者今日起罚款加重 最新阅读 * 亲子悦读 * 爱看书的小孙女 * 新年玩什么？ * 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.32% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.42% (126 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.35% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.91% (130 votes) Total votes: 817 * 更多 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 2017城市小贩美食 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 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这台结合银行服务与科技发展的机器，在当时引起人们巨大关注，有一家媒体记者还以半认真半开玩笑的口吻说，瑞银的自动提款器需要花7万多法郎（约1万7 000新元）来装置，有多少家庭负担得起这笔昂贵的装置费呢？ (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能产业 银行业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 金融业纠纷调解中心 接获投诉减少18％ * 集团董事经理陈怀丹： 新海逸要抓住进场购地好时机 * 了解债券到期日与票息率 * 海峡时报指数 ST Index 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 人工智能 人工智能 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 中国著名资深媒体人杨澜为纪录片《探寻人工智能》，走访20多个城市，采访80多位专家。在探索旅程结束时，她认为人类智能多元丰富，人工智能要在这部 分理解和运用自如，说不定永远也不会发生。 15/01/2018 (Submit) (Submit) 马化腾： 破解网络登录验证码 中国团伙技术水平领先全球 15/01/2018 南大虚拟导师系统让医学生获针对性指导 08/01/2018 虚拟实境让理工生熟悉业界新科技 08/01/2018 王元丰：教育如何应对人工智能等挑战 28/12/2017 谷歌在北京设人工智能研究中心 14/12/2017 国际 复杂的时代 最需要“复杂”的紫色？ 08/12/2017 专栏 阿果：不失浮萍之轻盈 29/11/2017 美国智库：中国人工智能技术 五年内可能追上美国 29/11/2017 新加坡 字述一年 2017：智 21/11/2017 国际 英国公路四年内将出现无人驾驶车 20/11/2017 * 更多 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 言论 想法 吴汉钧：人工智能与大失业时代降临 2017年6月4日 星期日 04:30 AM文/吴汉钧来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 国际漫游 去年到北欧自驾看北极光。在挪威北部城市特罗姆瑟，所有停车场无人看管，收费机器只收信用卡。加油站没有服务员，司机自行刷卡添油。纳尔维克市的列车站 没有站长和服务员，只有几个轨道维修工人和一个旅游局人员。乘客以信用卡在售票机买票，火车到站自行上车下车。虽然没有出现机器人提供服务的场景，但全 自动化运作的背后，是相当完善的智能操作系统。 近日，阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）三战完胜世界排名第一的围棋高手柯洁，让人工智能将取代人类的热点话题再度发酵。许多有识之士早已视人工智能为洪水 猛兽。他们认为，人工智能有朝一日会控制和消灭它们的造物主。 不少经济学家也认为，人工智能将促使就业市场走向不可持续的未来。英国牛津大学学者卡尔·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）和迈克尔·奥斯本（Michael A. Osborne）仔细研究了美国就业市场702种工作电脑化的可行性。他们在2013年发表的研究报告指出，有47%的工作将在未来10年至20年内被 人工智能取代。高失业风险的工作包括交通和物流、办公室与行政支援、生产线、服务业等，冲击较小的是需要创意和社交能力的工作，如学校教师、服装设计师 、导游等。 将近一半的工作在20年内将由人工智能代劳，我们无疑将迎来人类史上的大失业时代。 将会被人工智能取代的工作，就包括新闻报道，人工智能可以把文告和财经数据改写成新闻。现在谷歌翻译的准确度已相当高，很快就能担当翻译或口译的工作。 司机很有可能在10年内被人工智能取代，汽车、公共巴士、货运车会像地铁系统般完全自动化。 不过，就像工业革命终结了旧工作、制造了新工作，人工智能革命也会如此。在电脑出现以前，数学计算须要靠很多人来完成；计算机和电脑出现以后，取代了计 算人员的工作，但也创造了对程序人员的需求。电脑和互联网帮助企业壮大，间接制造了更多其他就业机会。人工智能时代制造的新工作，可能是现在我们想象不 到的，也不会怀念失去的旧工作。今天，谁还会怀念洗衣机出现之前的洗衣工作呢？ 不容否认的是，社会上仍会有一大群人将失去工作和收入。人们没钱买东西，消费需求降低，经济增长将失去动力。另一方面，财富将进一步集中在大量使用人工 智能的资本家手里，社会贫富差距进一步扩大，经济成为富人俱乐部的活动。政府和经济学家要开始思考，如何确保人们失去工作，但仍保持最低消费力。去年， 瑞士公决“全民基本收入”制度，全民无条件每月领取2500瑞士法郎（约3600新元），在某种程度上就是为这种大失业时代做准备；公投最终不获通过。 今年，芬兰开展一项为期两年的社会实验，2000名失业者每月将获得560欧元（约870新元）的“无条件基本收入”。没工作而有基本收入的人，能否继 续对社会作出贡献，两年后或许能看出一些端倪。 工作除了为工资，也满足心理需求。根据心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论，工作可以满足人类自我实现和自我超越的心理需求。当人们不再工作时，这种心理需 求无法获得满足，家庭与社会面貌将产生何种变化？当然，从另一个角度来说，当人们不再为三餐奔波，就有时间从事自己真正热爱的事情，更好地实现自我和超 越自我。 （作者是本报评论员　nghk@sph.com.sg） (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 失业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 叶鹏飞：“屎工”、聪明人与多能鄙事 * 何惜薇：非关有心或无意 * 杨萌：加把劲分享健康记录 * 黄伟曼：当读书人遇到船夫 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 免费精选 * 电子报 * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobao-logo.svg] [zaobao-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * ZShop 集品店 全新中小企业资讯网 直播 视频 深夜好读 生活补给站 完成一个梦 我是小某某 首页 新闻 中国新闻 中国特稿：中国人工智能提速飞飙 2017年7月23日 星期日 03:30 AM文/孟丹丹来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　中国工程院院士潘云鹤：人工智能对中国经济增长的作用至关重要。（新华社） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　硬蛋科技首席技术官李世鹏：在全球第三次人工智能热潮中，中国将有机会实现换道超车。（李世鹏提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　百度创始人、董事长兼首席执行官李彦宏：在（中国）这样的市场中，人工智能如鱼得水，我们不领先世界真的是说不过去。（互联网） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　云迹科技公司联合创始人支涛：云迹研发生产的酒店跑腿机器人“润”已拿到百多家酒店的订单。（支涛提供） [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] 　　中国劳动力成本上升，“酒店机器人”概念已从噱头转化为市场需求。左图这台名为“润”的酒店机器人一天工作24小时，主要为客人运送牙膏、手巾等用 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SME专访 * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share on Google+ * Share on LinkedIn * Share on WhatsApp 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 By 李蕙心 Lianhe Zaobao 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 贤能集团董事经理林隆田认为，现在的社会讲究数据分析，因此公司须要自动化数码技术的帮助，推动业务发展。 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 20 Oct 2017 - 03:30 贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，公司积极利用数码科技，包括采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 房地产管理不再只是单纯出租空间和收租，而是要迎合市场潮流和需求改变经营模式，包括采用数码科技。贤能集团（LHN Group）计划采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 成立于1991年的贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，在这个讲究数码化科技的时代，公司也积极在运作上采用多种数码技术，其中一项就是利用人工智能 提高客户服务素质。 通过聊天软件 提供咨询服务 贤能集团董事经理林隆田接受联合早报访问时说，公司发现越来越多人喜欢用手机聊天软件，他们宁愿发短信询问也不愿打热线电话，公司于是在数月前开始通过 手机聊天软件为客户提供咨询服务。 “客户对这项新服务的反应非常热烈，以致于我们决定在公司网站上添加聊天机器人（chatbot）功能，利用人工智能技术来回答客户的询问。这项服务预 计会在六个月内推出。” 聊天机器人表面上看来只能为客户解答疑问，但其实还可延伸出更多功能，甚至可能为公司带来更多生意，关键在于大数据科技。 林隆田指出，每位首次联系公司询问的人都是潜在的客户，他们同聊天机器人对话时输入的基本资料如姓名、所属公司和联络方式，都可存入公司电脑系统中。系 统就会自动为询问者开设资料档，方便公司销售人员联络。 如果是现有客户或较早前向聊天机器人查询的人，只要输入名字或公司名称，系统就会调阅出之前存档的资料，就能延续之前的咨询服务。公司计划在半年到一年 内推出这项服务。 他说：“数码技术不仅能帮你整理资料，最重要的是它能帮你输入资料。输入资料是很繁琐的工作，会加重员工的负担。以前是把资料写在本子里，是非常直接简 单的事，但要输入电脑又要多一重工作。现在的社会讲究数据分析，把资料存档并进行比对，所以我们须要这类自动化数码技术的帮助。” 公司也计划把这项技术用在涉及大量数字的财务管理工作，以节省人工输入数据的时间。 公司的销售人员也随身携带平板电脑与客户接洽，客户在签约时可直接在平板电脑上签名，接着就会收到合同的电子版本。销售人员再也不用携带多份打印好的合 同外出，更免去了把合同放入文件夹存档的麻烦。 大胆谨慎地向外扩张 政府呼吁本地企业走出国门，公司在2013年便把事业版图扩大到海外，如今在印度尼西亚、缅甸和中国都有业务。公司采取“大胆且谨慎”的策略，一步步地 向外扩张。 林隆田解释，“大胆”指的是要勇于开拓新市场，“谨慎”则是要在经营海外业务时密切留意营业情况，以避免出现亏损，因此扩张速度将是缓慢稳健的。 自2015年在新加坡交易所上市的贤能集团，今年已是第三次获颁金字品牌奖。能持续获奖意味着公司稳健发展，而要长期良好经营，有赖于公司采取的“灵活 应变”策略。 林隆田说，公司积极掌握业界发展趋势并及时调整营业模式和服务形式。 “在以往，我们接触的大多租户是中小企业，现在则有许多起步公司。这些公司的经营方式不同，我们必须进一步了解他们的业务，才能创造适合他们的产品。再 也不只是找一些办公空间，然后等租户来租。你必须主动去了解市场，而不是闭门造车，然后等着市场买单。” 公司于是从五年前开始便推出多项新服务，如服务办公室（serviced office）、服务公寓、工作与仓储（Work Plus Store，简称WPS）空间服务和个人仓储（self storage）。 培训是栽培人才重要一环 一家公司要顺利运作，还要靠职员的努力和贡献。林隆田认为，在对待职员方面，要给予信任和一定的决策权，让他们有机会学习新事物。在人才选拔上，公司看 重的是对方要努力好学的态度。 “只要他肯学而且有发展潜力，我们愿意提供培训，我认为培训是栽培人才的重要一环。” 贤能集团今年获颁“悠久品牌奖”，这不是该集团首次获得金字品牌奖，对公司而言，再度获奖不仅是一种认可，也鼓励它继续努力去打造强有力的品牌。林隆田 曾经说过，他对“贤能”这个品牌的目标是：“希望人们想要租用商业和工业空间时，就会想到我们。” 新闻电邮速递 用电邮注册加入我们的 新闻电邮速递，了解最新的中小企业相关新闻、意见及活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 你是中小企业老板吗？* (_) 是 (_) 否 [_] 我已经阅读并同意接受 隐私权条规* (注册) 注册 * 必填字段 More Stories ZB_0112_CJ_doc6ycpiw2qfc419e4hjjiu_121741391_lownc.jpg 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 　　明眼看名商 整合，基本上是把分散的资源和各不相同的方法进行有序的调度、组合、配置，从而收到最佳效果。 　　在经济全球化的过程中，整合不仅是挑战，也是机遇，许多现代商业高手就是运用这种整合的方法取得良好效果。 ZB_0114_CJ_doc6ycprbja4jk16zenom88_12155205_limsp.jpg 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 　　在新科大的这家咖啡馆，是本地数一数二为特需者而设的。由新科大学生设计的厨房与用餐环境，为特需者创造就业机会，也为残障人士上咖啡馆提供有利的 元素。 ZB_0112_CJ_doc6y90mebcjpk1aq5pb4ur_11193754_fangkai.jpg 兄弟追梦共创业 SME专访 Jan 12, 2018 兄弟追梦共创业 　　陈顺麟自小喜欢绘画和缝纫，尤其钟爱礼服和晚装这类华丽服饰。三年多前决定放弃从事了20多年的平面设计工作，2016年跟当化妆师的哥哥一起开婚 纱店，圆了服装设计的梦。 an SPH Website * StraitsTimes * The BusinessTimes * Lianhe Zaobao * Lianhe Wanbao * Shin Min Daily News * The SME Magazine * RSS Feed * RSS Feed * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus To subscribe to any of our products visit www.sphsubscription.com.sg or call +63 6388 3838 * 最新消息 * SME专访 * 老板生意经 * 专家讲堂 * SME百宝箱 * 奖项 + 新加坡金字品牌奖 + 新加坡邻里企业之星 * 敢敢问 * 活动 * AsiaOne * Lianhe Wanbao * SGCarMart * STProperty * Berita Harian * ShareInvestor * The Straits Times * BTINVEST * OMY * STCars * Tabla * The Business Times * The New Paper * STClassifieds * Tamil Murasu * Hardwarezone * RAZORTV * STOMP * Zaobao * 关于我们 * 联络我们 * 协助 * 广告联络 * 网络条款 * 资料保护 * 报业控股数码新闻 © 2017 Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Co. Regn No. 198402868E #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this 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Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. The... * Business Development Executive Hiring Business Development Executive, please email to [email protected] * Recent Posts * Forum Topics * About QRInno and Platform + About QRInno + Why Choose QRInno? + Vision, Mission and Value + Experience and Development + Contact us * Industrial Partnership + Industrial Partnership + Product Lifecycle Management + Recruitment and Employment + Terms of Use + Privacy Policy * Our Services + Our Services + Online Service Delivery Model + Offline Service Delivery Model + Help & Support Copyright © 2014 QRInno Pte. Ltd. #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Three EECS professors join leadership team13/01/2018 + Aside Design * RSS Developers + Smarter is: Putting renewable energy on the map Vestas Wind Systems of Aarhus, Denmark uses IBM InfoSph […] + Smarter is: Saving minds, saving lives Columbia University Medical Center's Neuro-ICU use […] * RSS Cloud News + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * RSS Entrepreneur + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * Partner Site + Chinese 中文 Startup * London proptech startup Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. 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Ltd. 8频道新闻及时事节目 8频道新闻及时事节目 Channel 8 News & Current Affairs * 新闻 * 专题报道 * 时事节目 ____________________ 搜寻 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 目录 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 新闻 * 首页 * 即时 * 新加坡 * 国际 * 财经 * 流行时尚 * 热门 * 直播室 * 晨光第一线 * 视频 * 相册 * 你来爆料 * 新闻主播 * 免费APP下载 * 存档 专题报道 * 专题报道 * 流行挖哇WOW * 科技一点通 * 总统选举2017 * 第29届东南亚运动会 * 2017年国庆群众大会 * 2017年国庆庆典 * 本地兹卡病情 * 奥斯曼渥 Othman Wok * 2017年财政预算案 * 新加坡国会 * 美国总统选举2016 * 前总统纳丹 * 奥运2016 * 武吉巴督区补选 * 建国总理李光耀 * 新加坡大选 时事节目 * 时事节目 * 狮城有约 * 星期二特写 * 财经追击 * 焦点 * 前线追踪 * 世界一周 * 点看预算案 * 有话要说 * 特备节目 * 一家都不能少 * 时事主持 目录 首页 国际 医学资讯：日本利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症 2017年9月25日 07:29 * A * A+ * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More 本地每年平均500名糖尿病病患 因心脏衰竭入院 （照片：Reuters） * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 医学资讯： 日本研发出利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症的系统。 《共同社》引述日本藤田保健卫生大学和第一生命保险公司的消息说，系统能预测糖尿病患者半年后是否会出现严重并发症。 研究小组为这套人工智能系统输入了同糖尿病有关的约2千500万部论文和13万2千名糖尿病等患者的电子病历、营养指导等记录，以进行预测。系统的准确 率可达百分之71。 研究人员认为，系统有助于病人在症状出现前，根据预测结果改变营养的摄取等，来对抗疾病。 - 958/JE * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 更多新闻 分享 * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More * 关于我们 * 联络方式 * 隐私声明 * 使用条例 * 免费APP下载 * RSS Feed * ____________________ (Search) SUBSCRIBE: Free email newsletter ____________________ Go! Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 10/27/2015 Tue 12:15 PM in Hong Kong by Staff Writer More must be done to remove legitimate ads from illegal websites Study reveals that the complex ad ecosystem is not doing enough to protect brand integrity online... 11/25/2016 Fri 10:59 AM in Malaysia by Vivienne Tay Media Prima appoints Leo Burnett for digital TV project The agency will be responsible for strategic development and delivery of creative communications for myFreeview, its digital terre.. 07/25/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Indonesian brand Natasha Skin Clinic tipped to expand into Malaysia A+M understands it is in the midst of looking for agency partners. .. 03/23/2015 Mon 11:46 AM in Global by Noreen Ismail Spotify names its first ever CMO Spotify has appointed its first ever chief marketing officer, Seth Farbman... 05/09/2017 Tue 13:03 PM in China by Staff Writer Resn任命亚太区首席执行官 该公司正寻找最佳人才入主公司中国区域高层管理团队，为明年正式在中国开业作好准备。.. Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. Ad Space Marketing Interactive ©2018 Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. Footer Navigation * About Us * Contact Us * Content Policy * Advertise With Us * Privacy Policy * User Agreement #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月22日 technology Home China technology 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [29CHINAAI2-articleLarge.jpg] 美媒称，20日，中国制定了一项发展规划，希望在2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者，打造规模超过1万亿元的本土产业。 据美国《纽约时报》网站7月21日报道，国务院发布的这项政策阐述了中国政府最高层的意图：全球第二大经济体将投入大量资金，以确保企业、政府和军队跃 升为人工智能技术的全球领先者。很多人都认为，人工智能有朝一日会成为计算机技术的基础。 而与此同时，美国却在削减科学资金。特朗普政府提交的预算案建议削减一些传统上支持人工智能研究的机构的资源。而诸如高性能计算等领域的经费削减，也将 影响到人工智能辅助工具的开发。 报道称，中国的实力，特别是先进技术和新技术上的实力，长期落后于发达的邻国以及欧美发达国家。但是，一个为期数十年、追赶西方的产业政策已经给中国带 来了红利。 专家们认为，中国有越来越多的学科都取得了长足进展，人工智能就是其中之一。 报道称，北京对人工智能的兴趣已经引起了美国防务机构的警觉。 在这个新政策提出的时间表中，政府希望到2020年，中国公司和研究机构的总体技术和应用与美国这些居于世界先进水平的国家同步。之后再过5年，要求在 特定领域实现重大突破，人工智能成为中国“经济转型的主要动力”。 到了最后阶段，即2030年，中国将“成为世界主要人工智能创新中心”，而这反过来又将为中国“跻身创新型国家前列和经济强国奠定重要基础”。 报道认为，像这样的高级别声明，也是向全国各地的地方政府和公司发出一个信号。 这个新计划正式确定了一个之前在中国就已经广为人知的侧重点。很多地方政府都已经根据各种线索制定了特别的人工智能计划，建成了专注于A.I.研究的中 心。 许多地方正在人工智能上投入数以亿计的美元，有些地方的投入甚至更大。6月份，在北京以东的城市天津，市政府表示计划提供50亿美元的资金来支持人工智 能行业，而且还划出了一片20多平方公里的土地来建设“智能产业园”。 报道称，这一倡议也有可能会席卷中国私营企业。近年来，该国互联网搜索巨头百度已经在硅谷运行着一家人工智能研究中心，它在今年还宣布，将与政府合作， 建立一个新的实验室。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： China, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 台媒社论：台湾为何20年来选不出一个好领导人？ * 印任命前驻华大使为外交秘书 曾参与洞朗谈判 * 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 * 男子迷昏女保姆欲拍裸照 发生数次关系后将其杀害 @nanyangpost 的推文 版权 © 2012 - 南洋视界 Copyright © 南洋视界 - Crafted with by Templatesyard | Distributed By Gooyaabi Templates #企鹅新闻网 » Feed 企鹅新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 星期二, 一月 16, 2018 * RSS订阅 企鹅新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 Home 科技 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八... * 科技 * 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 2017年10月13日 0 16 人类对大数据进行计算分析的趋势并不会转瞬即逝。随着数据量的不断增加，对大数据的分析效果也会有所改善。说到关于预测分析的应用，其实我们只看到了冰 山一角。目前，它已经可以利用数据挖掘、机器学习和人工智能技术来分析数据，从而达到帮助企业的目的（比如预测销售，优化营销活动）。所有这一类型的人 工智能都与我们日常工作方式联系在一起，彻底改变了我们的生活，不过还有更多的技术有待改进。 以下是来自人工智能、大数据、预测分析和机器学习的一些重要数据： 1、到2018年，75%的开发商将会在更多的商业应用或服务中加入人工智能功能（来自IDC） 2、到2019年，IDC100%的物联网项目将得到人工智能的支持（来自IDC） 3、30%的公司将在2020年前使用人工智能技术来增加至少一个主要销售流程（来自Gartner） 4、算法将会在2018年改变全球数十亿人的行为（来自Gartner） 5、人工智能市场价值将在2020年超过400亿美元（来自Constellation?Research） 6、到2025年，人工智能将驱动95%的客户互动（来自Servion） 以下就是我们在2018年将关注的8个人工智能大趋势： 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 趋势一：大公司都将从人工智能获利 亚马逊、谷歌、Facebook和IBM，它们将在人工智能领域引领潮流。作为大公司，他们有合适的资源来收集数据，因此有更多的数据可以使用。以下就 是这些巨头玩家如何在AI领域布局的： 亚马逊： 投资人工智能20年以上，抓取了5B以上的网页数据，超过50万张JPEG图像和相应的JSON元数据，用以供给亚马逊运营中心的产品。每天抓取世界广 播、杂志和网络新闻的数据已超过2.5亿，每天抓取近100M图像和视频具有音频和视觉功能并带有注释。亚马逊Echo系列音箱已经占领了超过70%的 语音助手市场。 Google： 具有全世界最大的数据库，专注于应用和产品开发，而不是长期的AI研究。Google Brain拥有超过1300名研究人员的团队，在语音助理市场占有23.8％的用户份额。使用TensorFlow开源平台进行机器学习，允许任何人访 问机器学习平台。Google地球数据库的大小估计为3017 TB或大约3 PB，Google Street View有大约20PB的街景照片。 谷歌很可能在应用程序和产品开发及服务的部署方面都处于最前沿，它不仅是第一家开始研究人工智能的公司，而且拥有7万名员工。此外，谷歌拥有一个深度学 习人工智能研究项目Google Brain，它拥有一个团队，有自己的研究议程，研究领域涵盖了机器学习、自然语言理解、机器学习算法和技术，以及机器人。 Facebook： 每日处理2.5B的内容和500多TB的数据，Facebook ArticialIntelligence Researchers (FAIR)有大约80位研究人员和工程师，每天产生20亿“赞”和3000万照片，每30分钟扫描大约105 TB的数据建有一个62000平方英尺的数据中心，可容纳500个机架。每天翻译超过40种语言的20亿用户帖子，每天有8000万用户使用这些翻译。 IBM： 计划进行为期10年、价值2.4亿美元的投资来创建MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室。在全球拥有2000多名AI员工，在IBM总部拥有超过600名 AI员工，沃森用户跨越六大洲和超过25个国家，IBM向沃森项目投资10亿美元，其中包括1亿美元的风险投资。通过沃森生态系统建立了7000多个应 用。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：全球100家最有前途的人工智能公司名单 趋势二：算法与技术的整合 所有在人工智能领域投资的二级资本公司，比如英特尔、Salesforce和Twitter，都将追随拥有这些数据的大公司，并使用他们的数据算法和人 工智能。行业参与者之间将会发生数据交易，而且很有可能会整合算法和技术。数据的交易以及算法和技术的整合将使人工智能变得更加重要。 随着谷歌和Facebook等规模更大的公司收购小公司，更多的算法将被整合到它们的核心平台或解决方案中。总部位于英国伦敦的人工智能公司DeepM ind，构建了通用学习算法，被谷歌收购，以获得相对于其他科技公司的商业优势。另一方面，Facebook收购Wit.ai来提升自己的语音识别和语 音界面。该公司还收购了人工智能创业公司Ozlo，以完善其M虚拟助理服务。 趋势三：数据众包 所有的人工智能公司都追求巨大的数据库，以实现他们对人工智能的雄心壮志。这些公司将开始通过众包方式获取大量数据。企业已经找到了一种方法来评估众包 数据的质量和真实性，不仅给企业提供了便利，还能反馈信息给消费者。 OpenDataNow.com的创始人兼编辑Joel Gurin表示，“我们生活在一个众包文化的环境中，越来越多的人愿意和有兴趣通过社交媒体分享他们所知道的东西。” 谷歌通过众包的方式，获得了大量的图片，并构建了成像算法。该公司还利用众包来帮助改善服务，比如翻译、转录、手写识别和地图应用。而亚马逊还利用众包 的技术改善了Alexa的1.5万项现有技能。 趋势四：更多的并购将发生 CBInsights的统计数据显示，AI公司的收购竞争已经开始。2018年将是我们能看到的最多的公司收购和被收购的一年，因为这些公司必须争夺知 识资本和人才才不会被淘汰。机器学习/人工智能的所有小公司都将被大公司收购。有两个原因： AI在没有数据库的帮助下没法工作。因为大公司拥有大量的数据库，他们将对那些小公司造成巨大的压力。没有数据库的支持，算法将毫无用处。 同样如果没有算法，数据几乎也毫无用处。数据是算法的核心，大量的数据是至关重要的。 哥伦比亚大学创意机器人实验室的机器人工程师和总监Hod Lipson说，“数据是燃料，算法是引擎”。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：谷歌领跑近几年AI创企并购 趋势五：开放民主化的工具将获得市场份额 大公司将开始开放他们的算法和其他工具，以获得市场份额。以市场为基础的数据和算法进入壁垒将会减少，人工智能的新应用将会增加。通过开放平台和民主化 ，那些无法使用人工智能工具的小公司将可以获得大量的数据来研究人工智能算法。 正如谷歌首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）在谈到民主化的人工智能时所说的那样，“我们所能做的最激动人心的事情之一就是让机器学习和人工智能变得不再那么神秘。让所有人都能接触 到这一点很重要。” 此外，frameworks、SDKs and APIs将成为所有主要厂商对消费者开放使用的标准。所有的公司都将采用SaaS&PaaS商业模式。 趋势六：人机交互将得到改善 Siri和Alexa大概是目前最受欢迎的人机交互工具，与之类似的更多基于机器人的解决方案将是人工智能公司进入这个行业的门槛。例如，虽然机器已经 被编程用于语音分析和面部识别，但机器还得做到根据你的声音来识别你的情绪，也就是进行情绪分析。 制造自动化和非消费者焦点解决方案将是第一个要改进的解决方案/应用程序。制造自动化将主要归功于人工成本节约，使用包括自动化、机器人和先进制造技术 。非消费者解决方案的改进，例如在农业和医药领域执行任务的人机交互，也将在2018年流行起来。 趋势七：人工智能将渐渐地对所有垂直领域产生影响 制造、客户服务、保健、医疗保健和交通运输的领域已经受到AI的影响，自动驾驶汽车预计将在2018年上市。明年，会有更多的领域受到人工智能的影响。 以下是人工智能对不同行业影响的例子： 保险——AI将通过自动化改进索赔流程。 法律——NLP可以在几分钟内总结成千上万页的法律文件，从而减少查阅时间和提高效率。 PR＆media——AI将帮助快速处理数据。 教育——虚拟导师的发展；人工智能帮助打分数；制定适应性学习计划，游戏和软件;以AI为导向的个性化教育计划将改变学生和老师的互动。 健康——机器学习可用于创建更复杂，更准确的方法来在患者出现症状之前预测疾病 正如工业革命在100年前几乎改变了一切一样，人工智能将在未来几年改变这个世界。 趋势八： 安全、隐私及伦理道德问题 在人工智能的保护伞下，诸如机器学习和大数据等问题，都很容易触及到安全及隐私问题。有时基础设施扮演着很重要的角色。与隐私问题有关的安全需求，如将 银行帐户和健康信息保密，将会对研究的安全性有更大的要求。2018年，有关安全和隐私的问题将得到解决，这一年，也是人工智能可能出现新的发展的一年 。 人工智能的伦理问题也将成为2018年的主要问题，需要解决的伦理和道德问题包括人工智能对人类有哪些好处和坏处。人们也对机器人取代人类的可能性感到 担忧，比如护士、治疗师或警察，另一个需要处理的问题是自主武器。 | 结语 尽管人工智能已经存在多年，但我们今天所知道的人工智能仍处于起步阶段。围绕着AI及其各种应用，从自动车辆到虚拟个人助理以及大量执行人工智能相关的 技术，已经引起了大肆宣传。尽管现在已经出现了大量的人工智能用例，但是大多数都是为了改进配置，做更好的辅助。此外，在人工智能行业中，没有多少玩家 ，因此碎片将不会出现，而非结构化数据和算法将会变得十分可用。 总之，人工智能的生命刚刚开始，而且它还有很长的路要走。 分享： 前一篇文章AI可怕吗？警惕我们对它犯下七宗罪 下一篇文章孩子为什么哭－做个细心的妈妈 qienews 相关文章作者其它文章 今天谷歌的封面被这个中国人刷屏了！他穷尽一生让世界... 新华网:引爆全民答题狂欢 直播答题是风口还是黑洞？... “国家的需要，就是我的责任”——追忆“两弹一星”功... 举国沸腾！这名中国博士重磅宣布，建材和能源历史将被... 马斯克”太空跑车”或引起外... 几分钟就能溶解血块？ 澳科学家钻研心脏病中风难题 本周熱門 留学澳洲6年花了200万人民币，回国底薪2000元，海归就业“薪情”到底如何 2018年1月12日 2018澳网一触即发！家门口这么多的天王天后和中国金花 不看就太可惜了！ 2018年1月14日 2018 新年华人板球活动开始了！有微信讲解 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CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 游戏人工智能分类目录Feed AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 分类目录归档：游戏人工智能 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 发表于2017年7月3日由lili 最近半年 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 大局洞察, 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 CounterFactual Regret Minimization, Game AI, MaxMin Search, Monte Carlo Tree Search | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 发表于2016年11月1日由lili 游戏智能 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 有限状态机, 游戏 | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之二:再次进行准备 发表于2016年9月26日由lili 上次准备 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能 | 标签为 clash, 人工智能, 游戏 | 留下评论 游戏智能系列之一:一些准备工作 发表于2016年9月5日由lili 一直想开 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 游戏 | 留下评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate next IFRAME: //www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5HH6L7 * 10418 jobs globally for professionals and students in Finance, Banking, Accounting and Insurance * Job Search * News & Advice + News + Advice + Students * Recruiters * Candidate Sign In + Sign In + Register free today + and unlock the following premium features _________________________________________________________ + Build your career Profile + Upload CV & Cover Letters + Save jobs + Create custom Job Alerts + Manage your account + Register now eFinancialCareers 1532 jobs < ____________________ × > < ____________________ × > Sorry, search needs to be by multiples of city OR country, not a mix of both. 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PROJECT MANAGER - SimCorp Dimension - APAC + Attractive fixed price rates! + Singapore + Contract, Full time + Skillfinder International + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 5. Process & Quality Specialist Front Support + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 6. Associate - Real Estate Portfolio Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + UBS AG + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 7. VP, Client Services, Fund Services + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 8. Senior Fund Accountant/Supervisor/Manager - Hedge Fund Accountant + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Funds Partnership Asia + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 9. Investment Associate AD with a renowned and global investment firm + Mkt Range + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + The Cap Consulting Group Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 10. IMD, GSAM, Fundamental Equities, VP - Singapore + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Goldman Sachs International + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 11. GCG - Citi Priority - Acquisitions Head + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 12. Finance, Manager/ Senior Manager - Asset Management + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 13. Investment Risk, Equities/Fixed Income, AVP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Pure Search International Singapore Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 14. Product Development Director - ETF + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 15. Retail Sales/Wholesale Distribution - AVP/VP + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Kerry Consulting Pte Ltd + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 16. Command Centre Operations, Analyst + Not Specified + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + BlackRock + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 17. Financial Analyst- Real Estate Private Equity + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 18. Finance Manager (Asset Management) + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Charterhouse Partnership Singapore + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 19. Head of Compliance + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Corecam Pte Ltd + Posted on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 20. ICG (TTS) Trade Finance Product Manager - ASEAN + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 21. GCG - Vice President, API Business Development Regional Digital Channels + Competitive + Singapore + Permanent, Full time + Citibank NA + Updated on: 15 Jan 18 2018-01-15 22. 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Find out what's changing Back to current search __________________________________________________________________ What will I get? * Better company sector categorisation * Easier access to job sectors * Ability to feedback on the search beta experience What won't I get? * Ability to set up job alerts It's easy to opt out of the beta if you want to set up a job alert and you can return at any time #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 96 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * MySQL自动化运维及语句审核工具 Inception的... 78 views * EMQTT启用密码认证 71 views CAPTION: 2018年一月 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 « 12月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 标签 Apache CentOS Composer GIT HTML5 http http2 HTTP协议 InnoDB Linux Mac memcache mongodb MQTT Mysql Nginx phalcon PHP PHP7 shell Socket swoole tcp thinkphp ubuntu 人工智能 优化 分布式 协程 压力测试 原创 多线程 安全 并发 异步 性能 推送 架构 框架 消息 程序员 缓存 编程 非阻塞 高并发 近期评论 * XRumerTest发表在《Ubuntu 命令技巧》 * order online canada发表在《PHP 知识补全 —— 生成器 （generator）和协程的实现》 * manicure发表在《PHP 7 性能改进 (1/5): Packed arrays》 * James发表在《php实现协程，真正的异步》 * https://www.viagrasansordonnancefr.com/achat-sildenafil-citrate-bod ybuilding/发表在《文件服务器集群 采用Rsync+sersync同步主从文件FTP》 分类目录 * Apache (16) * Linux (112) * Mac OS (15) * Mysql (159) * Nginx (41) * Nosql (25) * PHP (449) * Vim (6) * web前端 (39) * Wordpress (1) * 个人日志 (24) * 云计算 (2) * 人工智能 (7) * 创业 (9) * 工具 (23) * 建站 (39) * 开源 (10) * 架构 (87) * 概念 (43) * 物联网 (14) * 移动互联网 (16) * 编程 (146) * 趋势 (6) 文章归档 文章归档 [选择月份...........] 功能 * 登录 * 文章RSS * 评论RSS * WordPress.org 链接表 * 2016年最新PHP学习路线图 * apachelounge * apistore * C/C++学习 * Chrisyue's Blog * coding * Composer * devstore * draveness * gaojinbo * git – 简易指南 * Github 中国用户排名 * github 排行榜 * Git客户端 * GoodUI * HTTPS安全检测 * http状态码 * idea blog * IT技术博客大学习 * Jordi Boggiano 站点统计 日志总数：1269篇 评论总数：54条 分类总数：23个 标签总数：252个 友情链接：96个 网站运行：2172天 最后更新：2018年1月14日 Copyright © 2012-2018 Lenix Blog. 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #新加坡眼 » Feed 新加坡眼 » 评论Feed alternate alternate 新加坡眼 新加坡本地的最新资讯 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 订阅RSS 邮件订阅 - 最后更新：2018-01-15 订阅源：RSS QQ邮箱 * 新加坡眼官方网站现已正式上线 * 喜大普奔，欢迎注册 * 新加坡旅行频道已经开通，更多精美图文攻略，敬请关注 [weibo.png] 新浪微博 [job.gif] 招聘信息 [together.gif] 网友聚会 [fb-logo.png] Facebook 网站导航 * 首页 * 博文 * 美食 * 狮城新闻 * 旅游 + 狮城旅游 + 狮城新闻 * 文史政论 * 政策 * 房产 * 留学教育 + 中小学留学 + 政府大学 + 私立大学留学 * 活动 * 购物消费 * 招聘求职 * 杂录 * 生活信息 * 联络我们 首页 > 活动 > 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 2017 10-13 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 新加坡眼 活动 围观180次 留下评论 编辑日期：2017-11-16 字体：大 中 小 translation ad 小编：新加坡总理李显龙最近出访中国，感叹中国的移动支付，指出“我的部长在上海买栗子像个乡巴佬”。大家不禁感慨中国的“新四大发明”是啥？高铁，移 动支付，共享单车，网购。这四大发明都离不开这几年最火的话题——人工智能技术。近期，新加坡政府也提出5年1.5亿，想让新加坡成为一个人工智能强国 ，实施“国家人工智能核心计划 ”。 新加坡“国家人工核心计划”也吸引着来自英国伦敦的Forward Leading公司，不远万里将在新加坡万豪董厦酒店迎来他们在亚洲市场的首场会议——大数据和人工智能领袖峰会。峰会汇聚四国人工智能大咖，阵容高、 大、上，等你来参与！ 领袖峰会汇聚来自新中英美四国顶级企业的大数据和人工智能技术的大咖，囊括最尖端前沿的行业话题，包括人工智能与大数据、数字营销与电子商务、策略与创 新等。集结来自不同行业的技术先锋和商业领袖，打造独一无二的会议学习社交体验。与会嘉宾将有机会听到演讲者分享成功经验，和业界先驱一道学习精彩案例 ，和不同行业的同道者一起群策群力、集思广益，从而克服挑战，取得新的商业成功。 – 首席运营官，澳新银行（ANZ Bank） – 首席数据官，友盟+，阿里巴巴 – 首席数据官，渣打银行（Standard chartered Bank） – 首席计算工程师，劳斯莱斯（Rolls-Royce） – ASPAC地区首席信息官及副总裁，强生（Johnson&Johnson） – 商业分析专业主任，伦敦大学学院（University College London) – 全球人工智能产品总监，西门子（Siemens） – 新加坡IT中心执行总监，默沙东(MSD) – AI行业创新总监，国家人工智能核心计划（AI.Singapore） Forward Leading邀请到了来自中国阿里巴巴旗下的全域数据服务平台友盟+的首席数据官李丹枫博士。根小编了解，友盟+的数据体量在全球范围内也是数一数二 的，目前覆盖了135万个APP，685万个网站，每天能触达的全球移动设备有14亿。李丹枫博士本次分享的不仅仅是数据挖掘机器学习方面的，他将会讲 到数据驱动智能，怎么从弱人工智能走向强人工智能，光听着就是一个好高大上的话题。其他国家的大咖也是创新技术多多啊！ 大咖分享的内容不仅仅局限在研究的技术层面，大部分技术都已经很接地气，很多技术已经在公司内部管理、运营等方面经过反复实践操作。此外，大咖分享的内 容更跳出公司的框架去覆盖本行业和其它行业。 实在是满满的干货和硬货！下面仅列举几个演讲的标题： – AI与商业的未来 – 人类在AI世界的角色 – AI和机器学习如何瓦解企业银行 – 从标准化分析到值得信赖的数据发现 – 机器学习辅助洞察用户的行为数据 – 人工智能 – 创新和智能工程的新动力 – 深层成像-临床决策中的自动化和深度学习 – AI聊天机器人的发展和崛起 从左至右依次是英国UCL的Daniel Hulme博士，阿里巴巴友盟+的李丹枫博士及来自美国硅谷Drive.AI的Brody Huv 不光是交换名片，互相寒暄两句，主办方也专门设计了高端小规模的早午茶歇、午餐和鸡尾酒会等社交环节，以及特意设计的社交破冰和收尾总结环节。也是希望 保证每一位来宾都有足够的时间和机会与演讲大咖以及其他大咖进行深度有效的交流。 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 峰会主题：大数据和人工智能领袖峰会 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 和大数据和人工智能领袖峰会同时同酒店进行的还有Forward Leading旗下的旗舰品牌会议数字营销领袖峰会，演讲嘉宾包括： – 数字体验副总裁，星和（Starhub） – 日本及亚太区数字运营总监，谷歌（Google） – 社会媒体总监，金沙江（Maria Bay Sands） – 数字和消费者引导总监，可口可乐（Coca-Cola） – 零售策略和全球电商资深副总裁，施耐德电气（Schneider Electric） – 亚太营销合作项目主管，脸谱网（Facebook） – 亚洲社交媒体领导，Spotify – 亚太数字营销经理，宝洁（P&G） – 数字互动和参与总监，世界自然基金（WWF） – 增长和营销资深总监，天巡（Skyscanner）等等 峰会主题：数字营销领袖峰会 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 新加坡眼也将和Forward Leading在数字营销领袖峰会上展开合作，带来一场关于全球大数据、人工智能和数字营销的内容分享。关注新加坡眼的你如果有兴趣参加大数据和人工智 能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会，还可以享受独家九折优惠，注册大数据和人工智能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会会议，请直接点击这里，并根据提示，输入折扣 码Yan90。 或者联系会议经理Thomas，邮箱：thomas@forwardleading.co.uk, 电话：+44 20 3813 7955，了解双峰会通票、团体折扣和发票支付等更多信息。这个月月底，我们期待在万豪董厦与你相会！ * 本文固定链接: http://www.yan.sg/dengnilaicanjiande/ * 转载请注明: 新加坡眼 2017年10月13日 于 新加坡眼 发表 喜欢本文，那就分享到： 最后编辑：2017-11-16 作者：新加坡眼 这个作者貌似有点懒，什么都没有留下。 站内专栏 我是新航预备空姐，却被莫名其妙拒了工作准证 主持奥斯卡的新加坡媳妇，连生娃都这么霸气 translation ad 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+ 页面总数：2个 + 网站已运行：1355天 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 返回顶部 网站地图 ©2014-2017 Yan.sg All Rights Reserved | Theme frontopen2 #Armstrong Economics » Feed Armstrong Economics » Comments Feed Armstrong Economics » Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 Comments Feed Armstrong Economics Search (Submit) Primary Menu Skip to content * Blog-博客 * Writings (ENGLISH英文) * Economic Confidence Model-经济信心模型 * Socrates-苏格拉底-全新的在线平台 + How to use the Forecast Arrays-如何使用预测阵列 + Global Market Watch–全球市场观察 + Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 + Capital Flows–资本流动 + The Business Cycle-商业周期 * SERVICES-服务 * Armstrong Economics + Armstrong Economics(英文） Search for: ____________________ Search Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 AEBanner-10 市场预测可以说一直是一场噩梦。当你认为一切尽在掌握，趋势可能会突然逆转。预测学之所以频遭非议，很大程度上是因为这个领域的很多人通常认为自己预测 了一切，然而事实上，在很多时候，市场证明他们是错的。 在技术分析，基础数据分析，艾略特波浪理论指数或周期性分析中，个人理解决定一切。提高准确度的唯一途径在于尽可能多地消除个人理解和偏见。现今，全球 经济走势嘲弄了一切人类创造的经济理论。纯粹的国内经济或资本市场模型被日益增加的国际资本的力量所取代。就1980年到1985年间的美国经济而言， 货币供应量增长了400%，国家债务增加了一倍。货币理论使我们相信货币量供应的增加将产生更高的通货膨胀，而1980年到1985年这段时间却是通货 紧缩的时代。 自 1971 年以来，全球经济急剧变化，直接导致经济和资本市场预测的混乱。通过对价格和货币供应100年的研究而产生的货币理论忽略一个假设—汇率 。1971年以前，世界货币体系仍采用金本位制。由于货币的价值固定，那么通货膨胀和货币供应量密切相关。然而，始于1971年的浮动汇率时代，通货膨 胀和货币供应二者关系松绑。1980 年到 1985年的通货紧缩再次证明货币供应的增长并不一定导致通货膨胀。同时，第三变量—美元浮动被引入。19 80年到1985年间通货紧缩出现，美元价值上升40%，系统内的压力得以缓解。 从整体讲，经济与资本市场预测在全球经济大潮和演变过程中受到严重影响。因此，对当下我们所处的经济环境的掌握必须与时俱进，否则将遭到淘汰。 。 人工智能是计算机技术的最新热门词汇之一。与之相似的词汇有很多，AI为多数人所熟悉。专家系统便是这样一个程序相对简单的人工智能系统。该系统是一个 大型的知识库，所涉猎的话题可以从医学问题到如何向银行借钱。你只需要建立一个知识库。它通过一系列的问题在人群中实现知识的查询。它帮助医生对罕见的 不寻常疾病做出诊断；银行也可以通过这个系统对贷款人进行信贷审核以便决定是否发放贷款。 部分专家系统使用了”感应“软件。系统将历年的信贷记录收集到库中。电脑将好的和不好的信贷进行分类筛选。系统程序设定一套固定的标准，并用于指导今后 的借款决策。 但是这种形式的“智能”仍然不是真正的人工智能。它是更像一个较高级别的对象编程系统设计，在预先确定的规则下，将A与B进行匹配。有时这种系统可以表 现的相当智能，在几分钟甚至几秒钟内便可对复杂的情况作出决定。尽管如此，专家系统仍不能应对不断变化的市场条件，原因在于经济的变化是一个自然的演变 过程。为了使专家系统达到实时更新，需要”专家“不断地重新编写规则。 例如，如果利率增加到目前水平的3倍，许多原本好的贷款可能变成不良贷款。石油在这方面体现比较明显。如果各方面风险在贷款决策时不能及时作出评判，专 家系统将无法应付这类贷款。即使在医学领域，一旦一种新的疾病出现，就需要有人更新知识库，将疾病的症状录入进去。 真正的人工智能是不需要人为干预便可以自动应对不断变化的环境。例如，自主探索火星的机器人需要一个能做出判断的计算机程序。当机器人遇到一个深谷，计 算机程序便可作出决定是否必须穿过深谷，什么时候穿越。专家系统不能为人类也未曾遇到过的情况编写规则。面对全球经济，我们会面对同样的问题，因为经济 变化无处不在。 人工智能技术必须能够适应不断变化的条件，并随之改变自己的程序。如果用它诊断疾病，它必须能够认识它所处理的是一种新的疾病。它必须像人类一样，运用 自己的知识和经验的储备对新的疾病作出新的诊断。 这就是人工智能和其他的所谓的人工智能计算机程序的主要区别。这是程序在其经验中认知学习的能力，和人类行为是一样的。它必须能根据其记录的经验得出结 论，而不严格限制在其程序员所规定的程序内。 在普林斯顿国际经济，我们投入了大量的时间研究和开发人工智能，唯一的目标是创立一个金融智能计算机系统，能够自主完成评估和预测。我们的人工智能单元 在金融业是独一无二的。它有能力评估市场条件、提供买卖信号、 资产分配和跨国公司的战略规划。 我们的人工智能计算机模型能够对世界资本流动进行全球规模的监控和模式识别。它不仅可以成功地选择投资方向，而且可以决定什么时间和谁做交易。我们的人 工智能程序配有硕大的数据库，搜索智能库，以确定未来的决策。它会预测资本从一个国家向另一个国家流动的时间，已经由此对于国内经济体及每个国家资本市 场的影响。 此外，我们的人工智能计算机模型面向全球每个国家的市场，分每天，每周，每月，每季度和每年记录市场信息。通过此种方式，该系统有能力区分短期、中期、 长期的世界经济和资本市场趋势。正是运用这个模型，使我们准确地预测到了全球股市1987年出现低迷，1989年回到新高点，以及1929年式的经济大 萧条股市无风险。 这种多层次的基础模型是我们这个全球模型成功的关键，它不仅仅预测1987年美国股市趋势的变化，而且能准侧预测1990年日本等许多国家，甚至世界的 经济高峰。 由于大多数经济理论源于闭门造车式的方法，即：”假设所有的事情都是相等的“，这便不难看到，为什么大多数对于经济和市场的预测最终被证明是错误的。对 于任何个人来说都不可能理解周围所有的一切，并通过现有的知识去预测未来的结果。通常情况下，当今大多数经济预测仍然在”假设所有的事情都是相等的“的 影响下，忽略了任何变量，而孤立地实施进行。而我们的人工智能计算机模型恰恰相反，它在全球范围内监测每一处经济和资本市场的变化。只有这样，我们才能 增加对全球经济动态变化的预测的几率。 普林斯顿国际经济（PEI）人工计算机模型已成为拓展经济领域知识的一个重要工具。它有能力寻找新的方法以及探索新的时序模型。它有能力去适应不断变化 的环境，通过创建自己的数据库，存储重要的信息，便于将来比对。在现实中，普林斯顿国际经济人工智能计算机模型已成为科技上一个主要的技术突破，就像显 微镜的发明一样至关重要。如星际迷航？也许吧！但是重要的是，真正的知识源于经验。经验的积累确保我们可以应对每天的变化。应用了PEI人工智能的计算 机模型是一个储备了经济、金融和政治领域经验的集成，它将作为一个知识库，评估过去，预测将来的可能性。我们正在处在21世纪新纪元，人类将更好地理解 其所处的政治、社会和经济环境。 Forecasting the world Search for: ____________________ Search Recent Posts * 克林顿全球倡议-他们基金会核心部分即将关闭 * 2017WEC(WORLD ECONOMIC CONFERENCE 世界经济大会） * 德国为难民开设（调情）课程EE * 达拉斯停止提取养老金EE * 反对美联储加息的游说已经进入到白热化阶段EE Archives * January 2017 * December 2016 * November 2016 * September 2016 * August 2016 * July 2016 * June 2016 * May 2016 * February 2016 * January 2016 * December 2015 * November 2015 * October 2015 * July 2015 * June 2015 * May 2015 Proudly powered by Bitnami WordPress Stack [xclose.png.pagespeed.ic.Zei43eohAv.png] Bitnami #Armstrong Economics » Feed Armstrong Economics » Comments Feed Armstrong Economics » Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 Comments Feed Armstrong Economics Search (Submit) Primary Menu Skip to content * Blog-博客 * Writings (ENGLISH英文) * Economic Confidence Model-经济信心模型 * Socrates-苏格拉底-全新的在线平台 + How to use the Forecast Arrays-如何使用预测阵列 + Global Market Watch–全球市场观察 + Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 + Capital Flows–资本流动 + The Business Cycle-商业周期 * SERVICES-服务 * Armstrong Economics + Armstrong Economics(英文） Search for: ____________________ Search Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 AEBanner-10 市场预测可以说一直是一场噩梦。当你认为一切尽在掌握，趋势可能会突然逆转。预测学之所以频遭非议，很大程度上是因为这个领域的很多人通常认为自己预测 了一切，然而事实上，在很多时候，市场证明他们是错的。 在技术分析，基础数据分析，艾略特波浪理论指数或周期性分析中，个人理解决定一切。提高准确度的唯一途径在于尽可能多地消除个人理解和偏见。现今，全球 经济走势嘲弄了一切人类创造的经济理论。纯粹的国内经济或资本市场模型被日益增加的国际资本的力量所取代。就1980年到1985年间的美国经济而言， 货币供应量增长了400%，国家债务增加了一倍。货币理论使我们相信货币量供应的增加将产生更高的通货膨胀，而1980年到1985年这段时间却是通货 紧缩的时代。 自 1971 年以来，全球经济急剧变化，直接导致经济和资本市场预测的混乱。通过对价格和货币供应100年的研究而产生的货币理论忽略一个假设—汇率 。1971年以前，世界货币体系仍采用金本位制。由于货币的价值固定，那么通货膨胀和货币供应量密切相关。然而，始于1971年的浮动汇率时代，通货膨 胀和货币供应二者关系松绑。1980 年到 1985年的通货紧缩再次证明货币供应的增长并不一定导致通货膨胀。同时，第三变量—美元浮动被引入。19 80年到1985年间通货紧缩出现，美元价值上升40%，系统内的压力得以缓解。 从整体讲，经济与资本市场预测在全球经济大潮和演变过程中受到严重影响。因此，对当下我们所处的经济环境的掌握必须与时俱进，否则将遭到淘汰。 。 人工智能是计算机技术的最新热门词汇之一。与之相似的词汇有很多，AI为多数人所熟悉。专家系统便是这样一个程序相对简单的人工智能系统。该系统是一个 大型的知识库，所涉猎的话题可以从医学问题到如何向银行借钱。你只需要建立一个知识库。它通过一系列的问题在人群中实现知识的查询。它帮助医生对罕见的 不寻常疾病做出诊断；银行也可以通过这个系统对贷款人进行信贷审核以便决定是否发放贷款。 部分专家系统使用了”感应“软件。系统将历年的信贷记录收集到库中。电脑将好的和不好的信贷进行分类筛选。系统程序设定一套固定的标准，并用于指导今后 的借款决策。 但是这种形式的“智能”仍然不是真正的人工智能。它是更像一个较高级别的对象编程系统设计，在预先确定的规则下，将A与B进行匹配。有时这种系统可以表 现的相当智能，在几分钟甚至几秒钟内便可对复杂的情况作出决定。尽管如此，专家系统仍不能应对不断变化的市场条件，原因在于经济的变化是一个自然的演变 过程。为了使专家系统达到实时更新，需要”专家“不断地重新编写规则。 例如，如果利率增加到目前水平的3倍，许多原本好的贷款可能变成不良贷款。石油在这方面体现比较明显。如果各方面风险在贷款决策时不能及时作出评判，专 家系统将无法应付这类贷款。即使在医学领域，一旦一种新的疾病出现，就需要有人更新知识库，将疾病的症状录入进去。 真正的人工智能是不需要人为干预便可以自动应对不断变化的环境。例如，自主探索火星的机器人需要一个能做出判断的计算机程序。当机器人遇到一个深谷，计 算机程序便可作出决定是否必须穿过深谷，什么时候穿越。专家系统不能为人类也未曾遇到过的情况编写规则。面对全球经济，我们会面对同样的问题，因为经济 变化无处不在。 人工智能技术必须能够适应不断变化的条件，并随之改变自己的程序。如果用它诊断疾病，它必须能够认识它所处理的是一种新的疾病。它必须像人类一样，运用 自己的知识和经验的储备对新的疾病作出新的诊断。 这就是人工智能和其他的所谓的人工智能计算机程序的主要区别。这是程序在其经验中认知学习的能力，和人类行为是一样的。它必须能根据其记录的经验得出结 论，而不严格限制在其程序员所规定的程序内。 在普林斯顿国际经济，我们投入了大量的时间研究和开发人工智能，唯一的目标是创立一个金融智能计算机系统，能够自主完成评估和预测。我们的人工智能单元 在金融业是独一无二的。它有能力评估市场条件、提供买卖信号、 资产分配和跨国公司的战略规划。 我们的人工智能计算机模型能够对世界资本流动进行全球规模的监控和模式识别。它不仅可以成功地选择投资方向，而且可以决定什么时间和谁做交易。我们的人 工智能程序配有硕大的数据库，搜索智能库，以确定未来的决策。它会预测资本从一个国家向另一个国家流动的时间，已经由此对于国内经济体及每个国家资本市 场的影响。 此外，我们的人工智能计算机模型面向全球每个国家的市场，分每天，每周，每月，每季度和每年记录市场信息。通过此种方式，该系统有能力区分短期、中期、 长期的世界经济和资本市场趋势。正是运用这个模型，使我们准确地预测到了全球股市1987年出现低迷，1989年回到新高点，以及1929年式的经济大 萧条股市无风险。 这种多层次的基础模型是我们这个全球模型成功的关键，它不仅仅预测1987年美国股市趋势的变化，而且能准侧预测1990年日本等许多国家，甚至世界的 经济高峰。 由于大多数经济理论源于闭门造车式的方法，即：”假设所有的事情都是相等的“，这便不难看到，为什么大多数对于经济和市场的预测最终被证明是错误的。对 于任何个人来说都不可能理解周围所有的一切，并通过现有的知识去预测未来的结果。通常情况下，当今大多数经济预测仍然在”假设所有的事情都是相等的“的 影响下，忽略了任何变量，而孤立地实施进行。而我们的人工智能计算机模型恰恰相反，它在全球范围内监测每一处经济和资本市场的变化。只有这样，我们才能 增加对全球经济动态变化的预测的几率。 普林斯顿国际经济（PEI）人工计算机模型已成为拓展经济领域知识的一个重要工具。它有能力寻找新的方法以及探索新的时序模型。它有能力去适应不断变化 的环境，通过创建自己的数据库，存储重要的信息，便于将来比对。在现实中，普林斯顿国际经济人工智能计算机模型已成为科技上一个主要的技术突破，就像显 微镜的发明一样至关重要。如星际迷航？也许吧！但是重要的是，真正的知识源于经验。经验的积累确保我们可以应对每天的变化。应用了PEI人工智能的计算 机模型是一个储备了经济、金融和政治领域经验的集成，它将作为一个知识库，评估过去，预测将来的可能性。我们正在处在21世纪新纪元，人类将更好地理解 其所处的政治、社会和经济环境。 Forecasting the world Search for: ____________________ Search Recent Posts * 克林顿全球倡议-他们基金会核心部分即将关闭 * 2017WEC(WORLD ECONOMIC CONFERENCE 世界经济大会） * 德国为难民开设（调情）课程EE * 达拉斯停止提取养老金EE * 反对美联储加息的游说已经进入到白热化阶段EE Archives * January 2017 * December 2016 * November 2016 * September 2016 * August 2016 * July 2016 * June 2016 * May 2016 * February 2016 * January 2016 * December 2015 * November 2015 * October 2015 * July 2015 * June 2015 * May 2015 Proudly powered by Bitnami WordPress Stack [xclose.png.pagespeed.ic.Zei43eohAv.png] Bitnami [xhwxlogo300.jpg] 新加坡 [shareImg.jpg] 国外人工智能发展：新加坡把握数字经济增长机遇-新华网 [shareImg.jpg] 狮城对话 专访新加坡驻华大使：新加坡欢迎中国在全球治理中发挥更大作用 专访新加坡驻华大使：新加坡欢迎中国在全球治理中发挥更大作用 就国际社会关注的诸多议题，新加坡驻华大使罗家良近日接受了新华网独家专访。【详细】 * 中国驻新加坡大使馆为您解答海外申请护照在线预约的常见问题 * 胡海泉：做专注负责的跨界投资人 * 刘宏：三大优势成就品牌公共管理研究生院 * 刘宏：跨界治理是“一带一路”倡议重要保障 * 专访中国银行新加坡分行行长邱智坤 热点专题 * * 2017新加坡中国留学生才艺大赛 慧眼中国环球论坛2016 一带一路 中行新加坡分行行长：将继续助力中新企业参与“一带一路” “作为一家在新加坡深耕80多年的商业银行，中行新加坡分行以伴随中国企业走出来和新加坡企业走出去作为重要发展策略，以‘一带一路’金融大动脉建设助 推‘一带一路’建设。【详细】 * 新闻出版广电总局：“一带一路”沿线国家语言翻译出版人才匮乏 * 塞浦路斯表示愿成为“一带一路”参与者和建设者 * 马来西亚成立首个“一带一路”中心(组图) * “一带一路”背景下的翻译研究与教学学术论坛在中国传媒大学举行 * “一带一路”唱响联合国舞台 点击排行 * 1苏布拉·苏雷什受委为新加坡南洋理工大学校长 * 2中国－新加坡青年学者论坛活动重庆启幕 * 3百余位国内外专家学者来渝分享最新科研成果 * 4拼爹又拼哥 新加坡“幼升小”门道多 * 5推进与中资企业联手开发一带一路合作项目 * 6慧眼中国环球论坛：聚焦“一带一路”可持续发展 * 7共享单车进军海外市场 在新加坡等地遇冷 * 8新加坡经济二季度同比增长２．５％ * 9《孤独星球》评亚洲十大旅游地 新马上榜 * 10张杰：加强科技和创新国际合作 共建“一带一路”为“创新之路” 国外人工智能发展：新加坡把握数字经济增长机遇 2017年07月20日 09:35:06 来源： 人民日报 * 评论0 * * 打印 * 字大 * 字小 　　参会观众与美女机器人合影。 　　新加坡近年来出现了一些专注人工智能领域的初创企业，新加坡高等学府也纷纷推出人工智能领域相关研究计划。今年5月，新加坡国家研究基金会推出“国 家人工智能核心”(AI.SG)计划，旨在凝聚政府、科研机构与产业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的发展和应用。国家研究基金会称将在未来5年对这个 计划投资1.5亿新加坡元(1新加坡元约合4.9元人民币)，用于资助相关研究等。 　　社会对于人工智能的需求不断增长 　　“你好，我是伊维(Evie)。” 　　当收到一封这样问候开头的邮件时，也许与你沟通的是一个基于编程代码和云技术的智能聊天机器人。记者对一家新加坡人工智能企业联合创始人的采访，就 在“伊维”的安排下顺利实现了。 　　2014年，两名前雅虎员工在新加坡成立了初创企业Mimetic.ai。经过两年半的潜心开发，2016年11月，他们向市场推出了一款虚拟智能 个人助理应用“伊维”。它的任务是为用户安排会见日程，只需要把发起会见的邮件抄送给“伊维”，它就会上线与发件方电邮交流，根据用户和发件方的日程表 ，协调好各方都合适的会见时间和地点。之后“伊维”还能向用户发送日程提醒和地点信息等，甚至帮忙预订会议室。 　　这位人工智能助理不仅能够全天候、跨时区地工作，更重要的是它从不抱怨工作辛苦，而且费用十分诱人，每月只需支付19新加坡元。即使是今年7月已经 推向市场的专业版“伊维”，其价格也仅涨到35新加坡元。 　　Mimetic.ai是一家刚进入人工智能领域的新企业。对于这家企业而言，开发人工智能不只是为了实现日常事务安排的半自动化，更是要开发能够自 主工作的应用，最终把人从日常事务中解放出来，使其专注从事需要更高级别指令和认知的工作。 　　国际数据公司4月发布的报告预计，2017年全球认知和人工智能系统产生的收益将达到125亿美元，同比增长59.3%，这项收益在2020年有望 超过470亿美元；而全球企业对于认知和人工智能解决方案的投资在未来数年也将继续显著增长。 　　“现代社会对于人工智能的需求不断增长，尤其是对新加坡这样的国家，我们正朝着‘智慧国’的目标前进。”Mimetic.ai联合创始人之一普利文 ·威鲁说。在新加坡，有许多像威鲁这样的创新者，正在实现生活方式的智能化，为人们的工作和生活减负。 　　据新加坡《联合早报》报道，新加坡政府将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、科研机构、初创公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识，制造有用的工具 以及培养相关人才，以便把握数字经济时代下的增长机遇。 　　推动政府、科研机构与业界实现共赢 　　威鲁告诉本报记者，目前，资金、人才和市场等不足是在新加坡经营人工智能初创企业的挑战。“人工智能首先是资金密集型产业，研发投入大、耗时长，投 资者往往不愿意大手笔投入。”威鲁举例说，Mimetic.ai在2014年成立后花了相当长时间创建最小化可行产品，直到产品出来之后才得以寻找风投 注资。其次，新加坡的技术人才储备不如中国，不能满足市场所需。“最后，东南亚地区市场非常碎片化，创建的人工智能产品需要为不同国家定制不同版本，这 增加了生产成本和难度。” 　　今年5月，新加坡国家研究基金会推出AI.SG计划，有望改变新加坡人工智能的发展困局。国家研究基金会称，将在未来五年对这个项目投资1.5亿新 加坡元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 　　具体来说，这项计划将聚合六大角色，分别是国家研究基金会、隶属于总理公署的智慧国及数码政府工作团、经济发展局、信息通信媒体发展局、新加坡创新 机构和综合保健信息系统公司。其中，新加坡创新机构是一家初创企业，以企业家为主轴，紧密联系创办人、投资者、企业和政府机构等，帮助企业开展技术创新 ，并支持创新成果商业化和规模化。 　　这项核心计划旨在结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的应用。对于新加坡政府来说，它需要了解本国人工智能行业的研究与发展；大 学等科研机构在把研究成果转化为产品投向市场时也需要企业的帮助；而对于许多企业来说，人工智能的研究成本非常高昂，他们无力独自启动人工智能研究项目 或是成立相关专家团队。新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨正是让新加坡政府、科研机构与业界实现共赢。 　　ViSENZE是新加坡一家专注于视觉搜索和图像识别技术的人工智能公司。该公司首席执行官兼联合创始人奥利弗·陈认为，除了能够带来资金以外，通 过与政府机构合作，许多小型初创企业可以减少开发技术原型和最小化可行产品的高风险和成本。此外，一个资金更雄厚、更具协作性的运营系统将自然而然吸引 到更多人才。 　　据了解，ViSENZE孵化于清华大学和新加坡国立大学联合创建的“下一代搜索联合研究中心”。通过在机器学习和计算机视觉技术领域的深度研究和应 用，ViSENZE能为在线购买者真正实现“所见即所得”的购物体验。 　　重点开发城市管理、医疗护理及金融领域 　　AI.SG计划有三大目标：其一，解决社会与行业面临的问题，如交通拥堵与人口老龄化；其二，投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；其三，在业 界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工智能方案的商业化。初步目标是在5年内促成100项这类方案，并优先侧重于城市 管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 　　医疗护理是目前新加坡发展人工智能技术最看重的领域，这也是新加坡卫生部控股属下的综合保健信息系统公司为什么会参与到AI.SG计划当中。该公司 希望通过数据科学、计算机科学、机器学习等改善医疗保健质量。综合保健信息系统公司总裁兼新加坡卫生部首席资讯官连水木表示，人工智能可以在预防、诊断 、制定治疗方案、管理用药、实施精准医疗和制药方面起到重要帮助作用。 　　新加坡通讯及新闻部长雅国在宣布这项计划时举例，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境，让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加 强医护人员的培训。“扩增实境”是一种实时地计算摄影机影像的位置及角度并加上相应图像的技术，这种技术的目标是在屏幕上把虚拟世界套在现实世界并进行 互动。 　　AI.SG还将注重人才培养，新加坡国家研究基金会将推出奖学金等计划，吸引和培养研究人工智能领域的人才。据了解，新加坡的高校在人才培养方面已 经走在世界前列。新加坡国立大学正在将现有的互动和数字媒体研究所转型为智能系统研究所。新加坡南洋理工大学4月也曾宣布，将成立新的数据科学和人工智 能研究中心，未来3年为该研究中心投资800万新加坡元。 　　与此同时，人工智能领域的快速发展也让一些新加坡人感到担忧，担心人工智能的流行将减少就业机会。AI.SG执行主席何德华教授在接受新加坡当地媒 体采访时表示， “我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 返回频道首页 【纠错】 [space.gif] [责任编辑: 田明 ] 新华炫闻客户端下载 [twoCode_xuanwen.jpg] 010020030400000000000000011103461296597371 [1.gif?z=1&_wdxid=010020030400000000000000011103461296597371] #Huashang News » Feed Huashang News » Comments Feed Huashang News » 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 Comments Feed alternate alternate Skip to content Navigation * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 ____________________ Search Everything about news Top Banner Image Primary Menu * 首页 * 本地 * 中国 * 华人 * 国际 * 财经 * 文体 * 视频 * 图片 * 招聘 ____________________ * * * * * 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 2017年6月30日 8:50 am by commercialnews 　　今年4月份，阿尔法狗迎战人类围棋选手大获全胜，马云(专题)不以为意， “大家把AlphaGo 说得天花乱坠，很恐怖的样子。我个人觉得，So TM What？”在他看来，机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。而在今天的世界智能大会上，马云发表了“智能改变 世界”的主题演讲，他认为不应该让机器像人，而是要让机器有像人一样学习的能力。机器也不应该成为人的对手，机器和人合作才有未来。 　　演讲全文长达万字 　　“人工智能”这词把人带跑偏了，所以什么是智能？ 　　我挺喜欢“世界智能大会”这个词，或者说叫做“智能”。 　　我们很快进入智能世界。对于中国有些词的翻译，我认为至少是翻译得不对，“人工智能” 这几个字听起来，我就很生气。我觉得这是不对，人把自己看得太高大，把自己过分的提升。“大数据”这个词也有问题，很多人讲这个“大”，误解很大，人家 以为大数据就是数据量很大，其实“大数据”的“大”是大计算的“大”，大计算加数据，称之为大数据。 　　人工智能，我自己这么觉得，我是这么看，人是有智慧的，机器是讲究智能的，动物是有本能的，这三个东西是不一样的。要记住一点，蒸汽机释放了人的体 力，但并没有要求蒸汽机去模仿人的臂力。计算机释放了人的脑力，但并没有让计算机去按照大脑、人脑一样去思考，机器必须要有自己的方式，人类必须要尊重 、敬畏机器的智能。机器必须要有自己独特的思考，这是我自己的一些看法。 　　如果我们把汽车去模仿人类的话，汽车应该是两条腿走路，两条腿走路的汽车永远跑不快，人类在两千年以前，人类就在思考，要是能飞就好，总是希望自己 能够长出翅膀来，但是没有想过飞机取代了人的飞行。很多的问题，我们都要有不同的思考去看问题。 　　所谓的智能世界，我们不应该让万物像人一样，而是万物像人一样去学习，如果万物都学习人，麻烦就大了，应该是万物要拥有像人一样去学习的能力，机器 是具备自己的智能、具备自己的学习的方式。 　　所以我自己觉得，人工智能这几个词，artificial intelliGEnce这几个词翻译过来总有一点误解，使得所有人希望机器怎么样像人一样去干。 　　智能世界有三个最主要的要素： 　　第一、互联网； 　　第二、大数据； 　　第三、云计算； 　　互联网，首先它是一个生产关系；大计算，计算能力，云计算是一个生产力；而大数据是生产资料，有了生产资料，生产力和生产关系。 　　单独的一台机器是不可能智能的，所有数据，以互联网为基础设施，基于互联网这一个生产关系，基于所有数据联通，基于强大的计算能力，只有这样，我们 才能进入到所谓的一个大的智能世界。智能世界是一个系统性思考，而不是单一的东西。 　　所谓人工智能，不是云计算炒完以后炒这个概念。人类进入到智能世界，是因为互联网的发展，产生了大量数据，大量的数据逼迫我们必须有强大的计算能力 去进行处理，这是一个自然的结果。 　　今天我们对于人工智能的理解还是非常之幼稚，就像一百年以前，人类对电的理解非常幼稚，认为电那就是一个电灯泡，事实上他们没有想到今天会有电饭煲 、洗衣机，有各种各样，人类会离不开电。 　　今天我们对AI也好，还是MI也好，还是混合智能也好，都没有清楚的定义。没有清楚的定义很正常，有清楚的定义就很不正常了。对于未来来讲，我们都 是婴幼儿。人类往往会高估自己，做事情成功的人，所谓有一点成就的人，特别容易高估自己，像我这样的人往往以为我看清楚了，其实根本没有看清楚。 　　这是我觉得第一个我想说明的，我们要明白，很多人工智能今天来谈的很多概念、想法，每个人都可以有不同的观点，然后你要相信你自己的观点，并且以此 去坚持。就像我们做电子商务一样，我们不是今天相信，我们十八年以前相信，坚持了十八年，才会走到今天，每个人的做法都可以不一样。 　　智能时代到底为了什么？别让机器去模仿人 　　第二个，智能时代到底为了什么？我的理解，智能时代是解决人解决不了的问题，以及了解人不能了解的东西。机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起 ，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。刚才那个机器人(19.64 +1.87%,诊股)，在我看来是很愚蠢的，把一个东西推推倒，把自己爬爬起来，我们两岁的孩子都能做的，搞了半天，命也搞出，还是不如人的灵活。 　　我最近发现很多美国学者，特别是脑外科专家进入到了人工智能的研究，并且讲出人脑怎么样，机器要像人脑一样学习，我觉得这是一个悲哀。我们人类对大 脑的了解不到5%，我们希望机器去学5%，那不是愚蠢吗。 　　所以我个人觉得，不要让机器去模仿人类，而让机器去做人做不到的事情。 　　人是造不出另外一个人的，这一点放心，人是不可能把自己头发拎起来，人不要造出人类一样的东西，连蚯蚓都造不出来，我们应该让机器做人类做不到的东 西，让机器去发展自己智能的力量、尊重机器、敬畏机器，一个巨大的系统的诞生，它会与众不同的走出不一样的东西。 　　其实数据最可怕的是我了解你，比你了解自己一样，人类这么多年来，尤其工业化的发展，工业化的发展到了顶点就是IT，就是InforMATion Technology，IT让自己越来越强大，IT让人对外部的了解越来越多，我们人类的眼睛是往外看的，所以我们看到了月亮，我们看到了火星，我们天 天在考虑是否到其它行星做一点事情，其实人类最不了解的还是自己。 　　而大数据有可能解决一个了解自己的东西，人了解自己，我们中国的佛家讲究悟，而真正的大数据把人所有的Behavior，行为数据集聚起来以后，我 们才开始对自己有一点点了解。 　　有一点是肯定的，未来的机器一定比你更了解自己，人类最后了解自己，是有可能通过机器来了解的，因为我们的眼睛是往外看的，IT往外看的，但是DT 是往内看的，往内走才是有很大的一个差异。至于前段时间比较热门的AIphaGo，人跟围棋下，我在深圳互联网大会上讲了一下，我认为这是一个悲剧，围 棋是人类自己研究出来，自己玩的东西，人要跟机器去比围棋谁下得好，我第一天就不会比，就跟人要跟汽车比谁跑步跑得快，那不是自己找没趣吗，它一定比你 算得快。 　　围棋是为人类的乐趣去学的，等对方下两步臭棋，对方的电脑根据不会下臭棋，它的脑子算得比你快，记忆力比你好，而且不会有情绪，你怎么搞得过它呢， 道理是一样，AlphaGo1.0跟G2.0比比才有意思，两辆汽车比比谁快才更好，人跟机器比谁厉害，没有意义。 　　围棋的下法，东西方有很大的差异，西方比赛是国际象棋，我把你的王吃掉，后吃掉，你就输掉了，一输百输，0跟1之间的游戏，而中国围棋的好处是共存 ，你最多比我赢了三分之目，四分之三目或者四分之一目，这是中间巨大的乐趣所在，中间的格局、布局、乐趣如果取消了，人将会失去自信。 　　我认为AlphaGo今天来看，从一百年以后来看，人类会为自己的天真和幼稚感到笑话，这些我觉得应该鼓鼓掌，很好，又怎么样呢，不解决什么问题， 只是羞辱了一下人类的智商而已。其实人类自己在羞辱，干嘛跟机器去比这些东西。尽管很多围棋高手并不以为然，没关系，允许不同的观点。 　　包括有些像城市大脑，我自己觉得智慧城市首先要有一个城市大脑，城市大脑对城市的交通、安防、医疗、保险，所有这套东西，人脑是做不出来的，按照人 脑设计一个城市大脑基本是瞎扯，所以一定是走不通的路，以原来的数据，系统和体系，能够方便，更大的一种决策。 　　未来，智能社会的利与弊 　　第三，智能社会会给我们带来什么，喜欢的人看起来都好，不喜欢的人看起来都是问题，这是我们人类的本性，我要喜欢他，我看他什么都能接受，我要讨厌 他，他哪怕笑一笑，我都很讨厌。人类进入智能社会也是一样，有很多人特喜欢，也有很多人反对，反对的人总能提出很多的威胁的理论，支持的人也能找出各种 还是理由，这是未来，这是趋势。我认为这种东西你没有办法停止它，你只能拥抱它，改变自己，适应它，我们不能改变未来，那就学会改变自己，我认为人工智 能，你是改变不了的，这是一个巨大的趋势，你只能改变自己。 　　为未来来讲，三十年也好、五十年也好，人类的冲击一定会非常之大，而且一定会非常疼痛的，任何高科技带来的问题，带来好处也会带来坏处， 　　有好一定带来坏。互联网带来好处，也一定带来社会治理的问题。现在我们天天想人活得长一点，我告诉大家，今后，由于大数据和计算能力的提升，人将活 得越来越长。这是好事还是坏事？不知道。各位在座有很多专家，应该比我懂。 　　人均年龄20岁的时候，我们只有七八亿人口，年均年龄到30岁的时候，我们已经到了20亿人口，现在我们人均年龄到了六七十岁的时候，人类人口已经 到了76亿人口。那么，请问如果人均年龄我们到了100岁的话，这个世界会有多少人？我们该怎么解决这些问题？ 　　现在70亿人的时候，我们已经觉得地球的资源不够，那么如果到了人均年龄100岁，出现两百多亿人口的时候，我们这个世界会往哪儿去，当然有一点是 肯定的，这个世界有一个程序设计，我们人类还不够智慧，摸出这个程序设计，就是人活得长的时候，生育能力一定差，会打仗的民族人口一定少，它是有一个程 序在里边的。 　　直接的影响就是很多工作就会没有。我记得我小时候，我爸说马云你必须要有一技之长，我们要学会一技，可以防身，走遍天下都不怕，我刚好相反，我认为 要啥都懂一点，啥不深，可能更好，我把边上的东西都串起来，事实上一技之长二十年以后，可能无计可施，你不改变自己，可能都不知道干什么，就业的迭代， 大批的就业没有，很正常，早做准备，你今天认为的专业技能，三十年以后都不存在了。 　　大家讲大数据很厉害，数据技术的分析师很重要，我告诉大家，大数据要靠人去分析，基本上也就完了，这个行业以后不会有，一定是计算机进行分析。刚刚 开始出来铁路的时候，人人讨厌，说把那些挑夫，挑担子的人就业没有了，但是铁路出来以后，至少增加了两百多万的铁路工人，这些东西都是产业之间的变革。 　　另外一点，现在司机很多，无人机、无人汽车、无人驾驶出来以后，大批的司机可能就没有了，不是说就业没有了，但是每次技术革命都会诞生很多新的就业 ，只是人类要去做更多有价值的东西，做人类应该做的事情，而不是去做机器要做的事情。过去的几百年，工业的发展，人类让工业做了很多人类做的事情，我们 觉得很轻松，但是人类从来没有找到什么是自己可以做得最好、做得最舒服、做得应该是人要有的东西，我觉得对于就业要有新的价值的发现，对就业，对新的价 值的判断，这是要解决的。 　　有一点是肯定的，三十年以后的就业，五十年以后的就业，一定比今天多，工资一定比今天好，但是未必是你，如果你不改变，你就没机会。所以我们这一代 人还算比较运气，但是我们的孩子如果不改变，麻烦就大，而改变孩子，在中国这样的社会，我们的父母还是有很大的决定权。 　　我经常讲，过去的工业化，我们把人变成了机器，未来的数据化，我们会把机器变成人，机器会越来越聪明，未来所谓的程序化的工作，技术化的工作，都会 变得越来越麻烦，所以我这么觉得，未来的社会应该想办法让人活得更像个人，机器更像机器，这样才是我们应该要有的社会。 　　所以我自己觉得教育也一样，我最近在搞一些教育的试点，不是一定要当第一名，教育里面就做最好的自己，每个人的性格都不一样，成为最好的自己才是我 们要努力的方向，这样大家担心就业怎么办，我觉得三十年、五十年以内，出现每天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，非常正常，大家觉得那我怎么活啊，没怎 么活，你会适应，而且你会觉得一天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，你还是很忙，你觉得休假还不够。就像我们爷爷是一天工作16个小时，在田里面挖地， 觉得很忙，我们现在一天工作8个小时，一个礼拜休息两天，只工作五天，我们总觉得不够，我告诉你，一天工作四小时，那个时候，所谓智能汽车，无人驾驶， 要重新思考人类永远在Mobile，刚才李彦宏讲的以后的Mobile的世界，这个Mobile是指数据的Mobile，人的Mobile，而不仅仅是 手指头的Mobile。 　　我觉得以前我们在工业时代、农业时代，我们一辈子可能只去三个地方，到工业时代，我们一辈子去三十个地方，到了数据时代，我们一辈子可能去三百个地 方甚至三千个地方，人永远在路上。所以这个世界的变革和机会是远远超过你的想象。 　　这些不管你愿不愿意，接受不接受，反正讲未来，你也没法证明，只能以后书上可以证明，说吧，想吧，没有想象力，人跟机器有什么区别呢。 　　人工智能是中国的巨大机会，谈数据垄断还为时过早 　　我觉得对于中国而言，人工智能毫无疑问是巨大机会。我坚信“换道超车”，我是不太相信“弯道超车”的，弯道超车，十超九翻车，而且前面那个人也不会 让你超。你以为弯道超车，你前面平道都落后了，你弯道还能超车啊，那种概率太低，别YY乱想，我们应该在不同的道上进行竞争。 　　我们在不同的道上竞争，才会有今天整个中国的互联网的发展，中国的IT基础设施太差，才会导致中国的电话太差，传统的电话实在太差，导致以移动互联 网迅速崛起，中国传统的IT基础设施太差，才有可能进入互联网和大数据，中国原来的商业零售环境太差，才有电子商务，中国原来的金融体系太不好，才会有 互联网金融。所以不好是一个机会，关键是你怎么样在不好的过程中寻找机会。 　　另外一个，机器智能和人工智能这个发展的前提是海量数据(45.76 +1.80%,诊股)，这是中国独特的国家优势。我们以前的基础设施的优势反而发挥了巨大作用，中国还没有出现大量所谓的信息垄断和数据垄断，所谓的信 息垄断现在都在政府机构里面，因为它拥有你没有的东西，而信息是数据最大的敌人，因为信息是让我自己强，我有，你没有，我才可以做得好，我才可以做得很 强，所以IT Technology会造成垄断，而DT Technology整个让信息流通起来，什么东西只要不流通的，就是信息，什么东西只要是流通的，就是数据。 　　今天有人甚至提出来，中国要防范数据垄断，数据垄断那太幼稚了，今天的数据跟物联网未来十年以后的数据来讲，啥都不是。我一直觉得最大的麻烦是中国 是最早发明四大发明的，但是我们四大发明的应用（ 就很不到位），我说了很多遍，唠唠叨叨有些东西还是不断地讲。 　　指南针是我们发明的，人家拿去做航海，我们去算命和看风水为主，火药是我们发明的，我们做鞭炮，人家去做了枪炮，其实我认为航母也是我们最早想出来 的，三国赤壁大战把船连起来是最早的航母思想，一把火烧了以后，谁都不能再碰了。我觉得，犯错误、创新都很正常，但是我们不能把自己锁在那儿。所谓的数 据垄断，在今天来提，为时过早，我们很多时候，我觉得今天，就是二十五年以前，大家能够想象互联网是今天这个样子吗，二十五年以前互联网的定义跟今天是 一样的定义吗，不是那么回事情。 　　我自己觉得，数据的时代还刚刚开始，零头都没有到，中国是有机会走出一条独特之路，我特别不喜欢很多今天的科技人员，特别是写论文为主的科技人员讲 美国做了这个事情，所以我们必须做这个事情，我们这个填补了中国在科技领域里面的空白，干嘛要填补这些空白，应该填补未来的空白，我们中美之间的比较没 有多大意义，美国有了，我们必须有一个？是未来有，我们必须要有，我们要为未来定标准，而不是以杂志定标准，更不是以美国有了这个东西，我们必须得有。 　　所以其实多花一点时间在客户上，在未来上，比多花点时间在竞争对手上要来得重要，刚才李彦宏讲贵州的事情，说他担心我们两个人吵架观点不一样，马化 腾出来打了个圆场，我根本就不知道李彦宏在那儿，我也不知道马化腾（打圆场），我在媒体上听马化腾替我们打了一个圆场，我不知道李彦宏说了什么，多花时 间在客户身上跟未来，这是我的看法，别在乎其它的，今天的时代是对未来的时代，今天大家都刚开始起跑，未来的竞技，如果是一万米跑步的话，大家都跑了十 米左右，别看边上的人是你的竞争对手，跑三千米以后，才知道谁是竞争对手，你看前面更高的高手，我不是看百度，也不是看腾讯，我们应该看看GOOGle 走到哪里，IBM走到哪里，看看世界，甚至最应该看的是未来、客户，我们的孩子们会碰上什么问题，我们去解决它。 　　我认为中国有这个能力，也有这个担当，中美之间对抗没有意义，中美之间联合起来解决问题才是有意义的，你如果说牛，跟Facebook，跟Goog le联合起来解决一个联合的问题，这才是我们这个世界应该去倡导的东西，而不是说他有，我必须有，我要把他干倒，我觉得这个时代已经过去了。 　　如何迎接数据时代的到来 　　下一个问题，我们探讨一下如何做好准备，我们做好准备数据时代的到来，冲击的是我们这帮人今天在座三十岁以上的人，你要改也有一点难度了，你的地位 未来二三十年只会摇晃、疼痛，但是我们不能让我们的孩子失去一代，最重要的是我们必须进行教育的改革。坏事是这个冲击一定会来，好事是孩子给我们留下了 一点时间。 　　教育的准备 　　还有一个好事是我们大家面对的挑战是一样的，也没有说他有这个挑战，我没有挑战，全人类的挑战都是这个挑战，全人类的机会都是一样的机会。所以我自 己觉得，我们要重新认定、重新思考我们的教育方式。 　　刚才牛津大学的维克托讲的，我非常同意，我们对教育得重新re-define一下，过去两百年，人类追求科技、追求技术、追求科学的发展，相当之了 不起，但是两三百年以前，人类追求智的发展、文化的发展、价值观的发展是相当了不起，追求科学技术的发展，让人类取得了长足的进步，但是我个人认为，也 是反动的，科学不是真理，科学是用来证明真理的，对未来和对宇宙来讲，今天的科学还是一个婴幼儿，我们应该去思考未来，教育来讲，过去两三百年知识积累 的教育，让人类取得了巨大的红利，但是未来知识会让机器越来越聪明。 　　什么是聪明，聪明就是记性比你好，算的比你快，它还体力比你强，这三样东西，人类跟机器都没法比，电脑一定比你算得快，记忆，它从来不会忘掉，它插 上电，永远不停止，你怎么搞得过它，而且它的知识越来越结构化的情况下，我们的孩子今天的教育如果依然围绕数学算得快，背书背得好，可能麻烦就来，但是 不等于放弃，我没有说放弃这个教学。 　　中国要思考教和育是两回事，教让人具备知识，育让人成为真正的人，育让我们以机器为主的这个知识和科技为主的力量有与众不同，可以活得更好。所以未 来的一百年是智慧的时代，而智慧的时代，我认为是体验的时代，是服务的时代，机器将会取代我们过去两百多年依赖的技术和科技为积累的一切的东西。 　　希望大家去思考一下，对我们的孩子，我们应该花一点什么样的精力和能力、时间，让他们以不同的方式学习，让他们学习不同的东西。经常有孩子几年前， 孩子的父母来问我，马云啊，你看我们学这个科好不好，我孩子考大学了，学了这个以后，能找到工作吗，以前能够判断四年以后这个行业行不行，现在根本很难 判断。我们原来的教育体制永远希望你成为最好的学生，我认为我们要让这些孩子做最好的人，人与机器之间，未来的竞争就是人是有智慧的，机器只能是智能。 　　另外教育，我希望我们不只专注在教知识、教文化上，还要多花点在价值观上面，因为像创意、创新、创造，这些东西，机器还是有很大的难度。 　　我坚定希望未来的孩子，多花在琴棋书画上面，音乐让孩子能够产生智慧源泉，下棋让孩子懂得格局、布局、舍和得，书诗歌懂得执着坚持，画培养想象力， 培养想象力、好奇心是我们这些孩子们未来生存的必须的条件，如果我们孩子们丧失了创新力、创造力、好奇心，那我们一定人类会输给机器。我们最怕的不是机 器学人，我们怕的是我们的教育让我们人都开始学机器的时候，这个时代、这个世界才是真正的威胁。 　　创新机制的优化 　　另外一个问题，我想谈的是关于创新。创新的主体是企业，我们说了很多年、很多遍了，刚才柳总的话，作为企业里面，我是特别认同，我觉得今天所谓的a rtificial intelligence，前两年我听见，这是什么词啊，后来发现是学者提出这个词。 　　就阿里巴巴来讲，我们做人工智能的研究和应用已经十多年了，从支付宝第一天诞生的时候，我们就用机器去学习什么是犯罪行为，因为支付宝里面骗钱的人 太多了，每天各种各样诈骗的问题，还不讲网站上抓假货。 　　但是就从骗钱的角度来讲，一个骗子，再聪明的骗子，想出十个骗的方法，这个人已经是顶尖骗子了，一般的人想出两三个骗子方法，那已经也算不错了，我 们让机器可以学会两万、三万个骗术。我们请了一大批刑警、刑事专家，让他们懂得什么是诈骗犯，机器学得更牢、学更快，从来不忘记，而且24小时不下班， 盯得非常牢，有人一上来，机器马上发现，立刻抓住，如果发现机器上一次当，再学习，机器学会，十多年下来，支付宝到目前为止没有一分钱的差错，这是普通 银行不可能做得到的事情。 　　我们并没有觉得这是多了不起的事情，到今天有人把它说得很了不起的时候，也许我们还真很了不起，我们不是因为科学需要这么一个课题，而是因为我们不 解决这个问题，我们公司明天就关门了，这个是市场的需求，没有市场这个需求，是不可能做到的，而且artificial intelligence最大的应用是防止犯罪。 　　大家知道吗，你爱一个人是没有逻辑的，我爱他，我喜欢他，我愿意为他做任何事情，是没有逻辑的，但是你恨一个人，你要想搞一个人，你一定是有逻辑的 ，为什么恨他，该怎么害他，一二三四，只要有逻辑的事情，机器都会抓住你，这个就是巨大的差异，这些差异，我认为在研究院里面是很难搞出来的。 　　所以我呼吁今天很多院士，我们老工程院的院长、副院长也在这儿，给企业里面的科学家有一些院士的身份，对中国科技进步是有帮助的。我们的院士不能都 是在院所大学里面，都很重要，但是作为第一线的士兵们，第一线的人，应该要有这样的能力，我认为就像人工、数据这些东西，不是科研院所出来，尽管理论上 推动，但是走得未来还是我们这些东西，所以请大家考虑一下，并且支持一下我这样的建议和倡议，当然我是从来没有想过当院士，自己家里当当就蛮好了，我也 当不上什么院士。 　　最后我们应该做好这样的准备，教育的准备、创新机制的准备，我们要重新定义聪明也很重要，如果我们的聪明是昨天的定义这样的聪明，我告诉你，机器会 彻底把你全部颠覆掉，人类会越来越沮丧，这个沮丧，就像一个围棋Alpha Go把人类围棋下败，我认为都不值得沮丧的事情，搞得那么多人沮丧，那么这个沮丧才刚刚开始。 　　所以我们必须重新开始，没有任何人任何事能够阻碍大数据、互联网，就象一百年以前，没有任何一个行业可以拔掉电一样，这是一个社会趋势，人类必须为 这个做充分的思想准备，知识爆炸很厉害，但是我这么觉得，两千多年来，人类知识的叠加水平是超越了一切，但是人类的智慧并没有增长。我现在看看我们的儒 家的孔子，道家的老子，我们佛家的释迦牟尼，基督教的耶稣，这些智慧我们还是不如人家，觉得还是有道理，智慧两千多年来并没有巨大的进步。 　　人类在智慧上面，是靠体验，知识是可以学来的，智慧一定是体验。我认为教和育不一样，学和习不一样，学可以获取知识，习可以让你得到智慧，人只有通 过被电刺过以后才知道这个电还是很厉害的。 　　什么叫做聪明和智慧，聪明的人知道自己要什么，智慧的人知道自己不要什么。这个世界有太多的聪明人，我们在座绝大部分人问一下，你要什么，你肯定说 我要钱，我要房子，我要什么，你都能说出来，但是不要什么，你五分钟之内答不清楚不要什么，这是人类智慧的差异。 　　我们人类一定要明白，什么事情是人类做到，机器做不到，什么事情是机器做到，想明白这些东西，面向未来，才有可能，人类没有必要害怕机器，机器是不 可能取代人类的，说一百年以内，刚才有一条，西方杂志讲，现在开始的一百年，机器将比人聪明，我告诉大家，人类还是太乐观，机器现在已经比我们聪明，只 是你不肯承认这一点而已。 　　我们要的是，不要再重现红旗法案这样的事情，在任何会议上我都会呼吁，一个社会的进步不能出现红旗法案。 　　什么叫做红旗法案，一八六几年的时候，英国最早发明汽车，汽车出来的时候，首先去砸汽车的全是马车夫，因为那时候的马车夫是白领工作，那时候的马车 夫是社会的中等收入人群，他们觉得汽车出来，把我的活给砸掉了，首先去自，并且议会政府去抗议，把这个东西关了。最后政府出了一道红旗法案，每一辆车必 须有三个人，有一个人在五十米以前拿一个红旗，汽车永远速度不能超过马车，前面要有一个人引道的，如果汽车的速度超过了马车，汽车的牌照将会吊销。 　　这三十年的红旗法案，完全阻碍了整个英国汽车工业的发展，德国追了上来，法国(专题)追上来，美国发现不错以后，美国迅速把自己变成了一个车轮上的 国家，美国既然是车轮上的国家，又把握另外一个，以石油为主的大的一次技术革命。 　　如果今天的中国已经是一个互联网上的国家，七八亿人口在上面，我们如果出一个法案，每个人说我们要帮助互联网，但是我们没有把握互联网特性，没有把 握住这些东西，很有可能自觉不自觉的出很多红旗法案。而且这样的东西，会越来越多，人类要有足够的自信，有一点是肯定的，我们人类拥有信仰，机器永远不 可能有信仰，而人类失去信仰的时候，人类就不会创新，人类就没有担当，如果失去信仰以后，你一定比不过机器。所以我自己觉得，我们对文化的自信、信仰的 自信只要存在，这个世界还是会很有机会的。 　　所以最后一句，机器不应该成为人的对手，机器和人只有合作在一起，才能解决未来，就像竞争对手一样，我们不应该联合对抗，我们应该联合起来对抗人类 未来共同的问题，共同的麻烦，只有这样，竞争只是乐趣。商场如战场，商场是你杀了他，不等于你能活好，如果天天打对手，你就变成一个职业杀手，你永远做 不了一个好人。我觉得我们这个国家科技各方面的发展一样，面对未来、面对我们的孩子、面对我们共同的挑战，去解决这些问题，才有可能，并且以不同的角度 、深度和广度对问题的看法，我们才有机会，谢谢大家。 Posted in 中国 * * * * * * 相关文章 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 我卖掉北京500万的房产，在老家生活的这两年 * 1515944549257918 俄专家解析：房峰辉案件的背后真相 * 1 (5) 保姆拐走主人儿子养26年 被拐者不想找亲生父母 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 高校抢人学者身价飙涨!有人开100万年薪800万房补 * 1 (1) “政治新星”敛财2100万 出逃不忘带名酒和情妇 * 1 妻子多次给丈夫下毒！吵一次架 下一滴毒 * 1515878022878148 嫁到中国的印度女人说：在中国才是个人 * 5434 (1) 对大陆新航线不满 台当局指示基层空管打骚扰电话 最新|New Posts 45345 (1) 政府成立监督国际组织委员会2018年1月15日 6:05 pm 政府成立监督国际组织委员会commercialnews - 2018年1月15日 6:05 pm * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, * 48648 柬派技术学员到日本实习和工作 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, * 4563453 (1) 洪森：2028年不再任总理候选人 把机会让给年轻人 2018年1月15日 5:55 pm, * 654343 工程耗资约1000万美元 贡不省游船码头将于3月奠基 2018年1月15日 5:52 pm, * 6543565 (2) 编制1000米长水布 柬埔寨要打破世界纪录 2018年1月15日 5:50 pm, Popular Posts 563563 (1) 习武30年“大师”被徐晓冬徒弟40秒打趴3次2018年1月15日 8:40 am * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, No Comment * 48648 柬派技术学员到日本实习和工作 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, No Comment * 4563453 (1) 洪森：2028年不再任总理候选人 把机会让给年轻人 2018年1月15日 5:55 pm, No Comment * 654343 工程耗资约1000万美元 贡不省游船码头将于3月奠基 2018年1月15日 5:52 pm, No Comment Powered by WordPress | Theme: CommercialNews by ThemeCountry.com. * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 #Huashang News » Feed Huashang News » Comments Feed Huashang News » 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 Comments Feed alternate alternate Skip to content Navigation * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 ____________________ Search Everything about news Top Banner Image Primary Menu * 首页 * 本地 * 中国 * 华人 * 国际 * 财经 * 文体 * 视频 * 图片 * 招聘 ____________________ * * * * * 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 2017年6月30日 8:50 am by commercialnews 　　今年4月份，阿尔法狗迎战人类围棋选手大获全胜，马云(专题)不以为意， “大家把AlphaGo 说得天花乱坠，很恐怖的样子。我个人觉得，So TM What？”在他看来，机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。而在今天的世界智能大会上，马云发表了“智能改变 世界”的主题演讲，他认为不应该让机器像人，而是要让机器有像人一样学习的能力。机器也不应该成为人的对手，机器和人合作才有未来。 　　演讲全文长达万字 　　“人工智能”这词把人带跑偏了，所以什么是智能？ 　　我挺喜欢“世界智能大会”这个词，或者说叫做“智能”。 　　我们很快进入智能世界。对于中国有些词的翻译，我认为至少是翻译得不对，“人工智能” 这几个字听起来，我就很生气。我觉得这是不对，人把自己看得太高大，把自己过分的提升。“大数据”这个词也有问题，很多人讲这个“大”，误解很大，人家 以为大数据就是数据量很大，其实“大数据”的“大”是大计算的“大”，大计算加数据，称之为大数据。 　　人工智能，我自己这么觉得，我是这么看，人是有智慧的，机器是讲究智能的，动物是有本能的，这三个东西是不一样的。要记住一点，蒸汽机释放了人的体 力，但并没有要求蒸汽机去模仿人的臂力。计算机释放了人的脑力，但并没有让计算机去按照大脑、人脑一样去思考，机器必须要有自己的方式，人类必须要尊重 、敬畏机器的智能。机器必须要有自己独特的思考，这是我自己的一些看法。 　　如果我们把汽车去模仿人类的话，汽车应该是两条腿走路，两条腿走路的汽车永远跑不快，人类在两千年以前，人类就在思考，要是能飞就好，总是希望自己 能够长出翅膀来，但是没有想过飞机取代了人的飞行。很多的问题，我们都要有不同的思考去看问题。 　　所谓的智能世界，我们不应该让万物像人一样，而是万物像人一样去学习，如果万物都学习人，麻烦就大了，应该是万物要拥有像人一样去学习的能力，机器 是具备自己的智能、具备自己的学习的方式。 　　所以我自己觉得，人工智能这几个词，artificial intelliGEnce这几个词翻译过来总有一点误解，使得所有人希望机器怎么样像人一样去干。 　　智能世界有三个最主要的要素： 　　第一、互联网； 　　第二、大数据； 　　第三、云计算； 　　互联网，首先它是一个生产关系；大计算，计算能力，云计算是一个生产力；而大数据是生产资料，有了生产资料，生产力和生产关系。 　　单独的一台机器是不可能智能的，所有数据，以互联网为基础设施，基于互联网这一个生产关系，基于所有数据联通，基于强大的计算能力，只有这样，我们 才能进入到所谓的一个大的智能世界。智能世界是一个系统性思考，而不是单一的东西。 　　所谓人工智能，不是云计算炒完以后炒这个概念。人类进入到智能世界，是因为互联网的发展，产生了大量数据，大量的数据逼迫我们必须有强大的计算能力 去进行处理，这是一个自然的结果。 　　今天我们对于人工智能的理解还是非常之幼稚，就像一百年以前，人类对电的理解非常幼稚，认为电那就是一个电灯泡，事实上他们没有想到今天会有电饭煲 、洗衣机，有各种各样，人类会离不开电。 　　今天我们对AI也好，还是MI也好，还是混合智能也好，都没有清楚的定义。没有清楚的定义很正常，有清楚的定义就很不正常了。对于未来来讲，我们都 是婴幼儿。人类往往会高估自己，做事情成功的人，所谓有一点成就的人，特别容易高估自己，像我这样的人往往以为我看清楚了，其实根本没有看清楚。 　　这是我觉得第一个我想说明的，我们要明白，很多人工智能今天来谈的很多概念、想法，每个人都可以有不同的观点，然后你要相信你自己的观点，并且以此 去坚持。就像我们做电子商务一样，我们不是今天相信，我们十八年以前相信，坚持了十八年，才会走到今天，每个人的做法都可以不一样。 　　智能时代到底为了什么？别让机器去模仿人 　　第二个，智能时代到底为了什么？我的理解，智能时代是解决人解决不了的问题，以及了解人不能了解的东西。机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起 ，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。刚才那个机器人(19.64 +1.87%,诊股)，在我看来是很愚蠢的，把一个东西推推倒，把自己爬爬起来，我们两岁的孩子都能做的，搞了半天，命也搞出，还是不如人的灵活。 　　我最近发现很多美国学者，特别是脑外科专家进入到了人工智能的研究，并且讲出人脑怎么样，机器要像人脑一样学习，我觉得这是一个悲哀。我们人类对大 脑的了解不到5%，我们希望机器去学5%，那不是愚蠢吗。 　　所以我个人觉得，不要让机器去模仿人类，而让机器去做人做不到的事情。 　　人是造不出另外一个人的，这一点放心，人是不可能把自己头发拎起来，人不要造出人类一样的东西，连蚯蚓都造不出来，我们应该让机器做人类做不到的东 西，让机器去发展自己智能的力量、尊重机器、敬畏机器，一个巨大的系统的诞生，它会与众不同的走出不一样的东西。 　　其实数据最可怕的是我了解你，比你了解自己一样，人类这么多年来，尤其工业化的发展，工业化的发展到了顶点就是IT，就是InforMATion Technology，IT让自己越来越强大，IT让人对外部的了解越来越多，我们人类的眼睛是往外看的，所以我们看到了月亮，我们看到了火星，我们天 天在考虑是否到其它行星做一点事情，其实人类最不了解的还是自己。 　　而大数据有可能解决一个了解自己的东西，人了解自己，我们中国的佛家讲究悟，而真正的大数据把人所有的Behavior，行为数据集聚起来以后，我 们才开始对自己有一点点了解。 　　有一点是肯定的，未来的机器一定比你更了解自己，人类最后了解自己，是有可能通过机器来了解的，因为我们的眼睛是往外看的，IT往外看的，但是DT 是往内看的，往内走才是有很大的一个差异。至于前段时间比较热门的AIphaGo，人跟围棋下，我在深圳互联网大会上讲了一下，我认为这是一个悲剧，围 棋是人类自己研究出来，自己玩的东西，人要跟机器去比围棋谁下得好，我第一天就不会比，就跟人要跟汽车比谁跑步跑得快，那不是自己找没趣吗，它一定比你 算得快。 　　围棋是为人类的乐趣去学的，等对方下两步臭棋，对方的电脑根据不会下臭棋，它的脑子算得比你快，记忆力比你好，而且不会有情绪，你怎么搞得过它呢， 道理是一样，AlphaGo1.0跟G2.0比比才有意思，两辆汽车比比谁快才更好，人跟机器比谁厉害，没有意义。 　　围棋的下法，东西方有很大的差异，西方比赛是国际象棋，我把你的王吃掉，后吃掉，你就输掉了，一输百输，0跟1之间的游戏，而中国围棋的好处是共存 ，你最多比我赢了三分之目，四分之三目或者四分之一目，这是中间巨大的乐趣所在，中间的格局、布局、乐趣如果取消了，人将会失去自信。 　　我认为AlphaGo今天来看，从一百年以后来看，人类会为自己的天真和幼稚感到笑话，这些我觉得应该鼓鼓掌，很好，又怎么样呢，不解决什么问题， 只是羞辱了一下人类的智商而已。其实人类自己在羞辱，干嘛跟机器去比这些东西。尽管很多围棋高手并不以为然，没关系，允许不同的观点。 　　包括有些像城市大脑，我自己觉得智慧城市首先要有一个城市大脑，城市大脑对城市的交通、安防、医疗、保险，所有这套东西，人脑是做不出来的，按照人 脑设计一个城市大脑基本是瞎扯，所以一定是走不通的路，以原来的数据，系统和体系，能够方便，更大的一种决策。 　　未来，智能社会的利与弊 　　第三，智能社会会给我们带来什么，喜欢的人看起来都好，不喜欢的人看起来都是问题，这是我们人类的本性，我要喜欢他，我看他什么都能接受，我要讨厌 他，他哪怕笑一笑，我都很讨厌。人类进入智能社会也是一样，有很多人特喜欢，也有很多人反对，反对的人总能提出很多的威胁的理论，支持的人也能找出各种 还是理由，这是未来，这是趋势。我认为这种东西你没有办法停止它，你只能拥抱它，改变自己，适应它，我们不能改变未来，那就学会改变自己，我认为人工智 能，你是改变不了的，这是一个巨大的趋势，你只能改变自己。 　　为未来来讲，三十年也好、五十年也好，人类的冲击一定会非常之大，而且一定会非常疼痛的，任何高科技带来的问题，带来好处也会带来坏处， 　　有好一定带来坏。互联网带来好处，也一定带来社会治理的问题。现在我们天天想人活得长一点，我告诉大家，今后，由于大数据和计算能力的提升，人将活 得越来越长。这是好事还是坏事？不知道。各位在座有很多专家，应该比我懂。 　　人均年龄20岁的时候，我们只有七八亿人口，年均年龄到30岁的时候，我们已经到了20亿人口，现在我们人均年龄到了六七十岁的时候，人类人口已经 到了76亿人口。那么，请问如果人均年龄我们到了100岁的话，这个世界会有多少人？我们该怎么解决这些问题？ 　　现在70亿人的时候，我们已经觉得地球的资源不够，那么如果到了人均年龄100岁，出现两百多亿人口的时候，我们这个世界会往哪儿去，当然有一点是 肯定的，这个世界有一个程序设计，我们人类还不够智慧，摸出这个程序设计，就是人活得长的时候，生育能力一定差，会打仗的民族人口一定少，它是有一个程 序在里边的。 　　直接的影响就是很多工作就会没有。我记得我小时候，我爸说马云你必须要有一技之长，我们要学会一技，可以防身，走遍天下都不怕，我刚好相反，我认为 要啥都懂一点，啥不深，可能更好，我把边上的东西都串起来，事实上一技之长二十年以后，可能无计可施，你不改变自己，可能都不知道干什么，就业的迭代， 大批的就业没有，很正常，早做准备，你今天认为的专业技能，三十年以后都不存在了。 　　大家讲大数据很厉害，数据技术的分析师很重要，我告诉大家，大数据要靠人去分析，基本上也就完了，这个行业以后不会有，一定是计算机进行分析。刚刚 开始出来铁路的时候，人人讨厌，说把那些挑夫，挑担子的人就业没有了，但是铁路出来以后，至少增加了两百多万的铁路工人，这些东西都是产业之间的变革。 　　另外一点，现在司机很多，无人机、无人汽车、无人驾驶出来以后，大批的司机可能就没有了，不是说就业没有了，但是每次技术革命都会诞生很多新的就业 ，只是人类要去做更多有价值的东西，做人类应该做的事情，而不是去做机器要做的事情。过去的几百年，工业的发展，人类让工业做了很多人类做的事情，我们 觉得很轻松，但是人类从来没有找到什么是自己可以做得最好、做得最舒服、做得应该是人要有的东西，我觉得对于就业要有新的价值的发现，对就业，对新的价 值的判断，这是要解决的。 　　有一点是肯定的，三十年以后的就业，五十年以后的就业，一定比今天多，工资一定比今天好，但是未必是你，如果你不改变，你就没机会。所以我们这一代 人还算比较运气，但是我们的孩子如果不改变，麻烦就大，而改变孩子，在中国这样的社会，我们的父母还是有很大的决定权。 　　我经常讲，过去的工业化，我们把人变成了机器，未来的数据化，我们会把机器变成人，机器会越来越聪明，未来所谓的程序化的工作，技术化的工作，都会 变得越来越麻烦，所以我这么觉得，未来的社会应该想办法让人活得更像个人，机器更像机器，这样才是我们应该要有的社会。 　　所以我自己觉得教育也一样，我最近在搞一些教育的试点，不是一定要当第一名，教育里面就做最好的自己，每个人的性格都不一样，成为最好的自己才是我 们要努力的方向，这样大家担心就业怎么办，我觉得三十年、五十年以内，出现每天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，非常正常，大家觉得那我怎么活啊，没怎 么活，你会适应，而且你会觉得一天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，你还是很忙，你觉得休假还不够。就像我们爷爷是一天工作16个小时，在田里面挖地， 觉得很忙，我们现在一天工作8个小时，一个礼拜休息两天，只工作五天，我们总觉得不够，我告诉你，一天工作四小时，那个时候，所谓智能汽车，无人驾驶， 要重新思考人类永远在Mobile，刚才李彦宏讲的以后的Mobile的世界，这个Mobile是指数据的Mobile，人的Mobile，而不仅仅是 手指头的Mobile。 　　我觉得以前我们在工业时代、农业时代，我们一辈子可能只去三个地方，到工业时代，我们一辈子去三十个地方，到了数据时代，我们一辈子可能去三百个地 方甚至三千个地方，人永远在路上。所以这个世界的变革和机会是远远超过你的想象。 　　这些不管你愿不愿意，接受不接受，反正讲未来，你也没法证明，只能以后书上可以证明，说吧，想吧，没有想象力，人跟机器有什么区别呢。 　　人工智能是中国的巨大机会，谈数据垄断还为时过早 　　我觉得对于中国而言，人工智能毫无疑问是巨大机会。我坚信“换道超车”，我是不太相信“弯道超车”的，弯道超车，十超九翻车，而且前面那个人也不会 让你超。你以为弯道超车，你前面平道都落后了，你弯道还能超车啊，那种概率太低，别YY乱想，我们应该在不同的道上进行竞争。 　　我们在不同的道上竞争，才会有今天整个中国的互联网的发展，中国的IT基础设施太差，才会导致中国的电话太差，传统的电话实在太差，导致以移动互联 网迅速崛起，中国传统的IT基础设施太差，才有可能进入互联网和大数据，中国原来的商业零售环境太差，才有电子商务，中国原来的金融体系太不好，才会有 互联网金融。所以不好是一个机会，关键是你怎么样在不好的过程中寻找机会。 　　另外一个，机器智能和人工智能这个发展的前提是海量数据(45.76 +1.80%,诊股)，这是中国独特的国家优势。我们以前的基础设施的优势反而发挥了巨大作用，中国还没有出现大量所谓的信息垄断和数据垄断，所谓的信 息垄断现在都在政府机构里面，因为它拥有你没有的东西，而信息是数据最大的敌人，因为信息是让我自己强，我有，你没有，我才可以做得好，我才可以做得很 强，所以IT Technology会造成垄断，而DT Technology整个让信息流通起来，什么东西只要不流通的，就是信息，什么东西只要是流通的，就是数据。 　　今天有人甚至提出来，中国要防范数据垄断，数据垄断那太幼稚了，今天的数据跟物联网未来十年以后的数据来讲，啥都不是。我一直觉得最大的麻烦是中国 是最早发明四大发明的，但是我们四大发明的应用（ 就很不到位），我说了很多遍，唠唠叨叨有些东西还是不断地讲。 　　指南针是我们发明的，人家拿去做航海，我们去算命和看风水为主，火药是我们发明的，我们做鞭炮，人家去做了枪炮，其实我认为航母也是我们最早想出来 的，三国赤壁大战把船连起来是最早的航母思想，一把火烧了以后，谁都不能再碰了。我觉得，犯错误、创新都很正常，但是我们不能把自己锁在那儿。所谓的数 据垄断，在今天来提，为时过早，我们很多时候，我觉得今天，就是二十五年以前，大家能够想象互联网是今天这个样子吗，二十五年以前互联网的定义跟今天是 一样的定义吗，不是那么回事情。 　　我自己觉得，数据的时代还刚刚开始，零头都没有到，中国是有机会走出一条独特之路，我特别不喜欢很多今天的科技人员，特别是写论文为主的科技人员讲 美国做了这个事情，所以我们必须做这个事情，我们这个填补了中国在科技领域里面的空白，干嘛要填补这些空白，应该填补未来的空白，我们中美之间的比较没 有多大意义，美国有了，我们必须有一个？是未来有，我们必须要有，我们要为未来定标准，而不是以杂志定标准，更不是以美国有了这个东西，我们必须得有。 　　所以其实多花一点时间在客户上，在未来上，比多花点时间在竞争对手上要来得重要，刚才李彦宏讲贵州的事情，说他担心我们两个人吵架观点不一样，马化 腾出来打了个圆场，我根本就不知道李彦宏在那儿，我也不知道马化腾（打圆场），我在媒体上听马化腾替我们打了一个圆场，我不知道李彦宏说了什么，多花时 间在客户身上跟未来，这是我的看法，别在乎其它的，今天的时代是对未来的时代，今天大家都刚开始起跑，未来的竞技，如果是一万米跑步的话，大家都跑了十 米左右，别看边上的人是你的竞争对手，跑三千米以后，才知道谁是竞争对手，你看前面更高的高手，我不是看百度，也不是看腾讯，我们应该看看GOOGle 走到哪里，IBM走到哪里，看看世界，甚至最应该看的是未来、客户，我们的孩子们会碰上什么问题，我们去解决它。 　　我认为中国有这个能力，也有这个担当，中美之间对抗没有意义，中美之间联合起来解决问题才是有意义的，你如果说牛，跟Facebook，跟Goog le联合起来解决一个联合的问题，这才是我们这个世界应该去倡导的东西，而不是说他有，我必须有，我要把他干倒，我觉得这个时代已经过去了。 　　如何迎接数据时代的到来 　　下一个问题，我们探讨一下如何做好准备，我们做好准备数据时代的到来，冲击的是我们这帮人今天在座三十岁以上的人，你要改也有一点难度了，你的地位 未来二三十年只会摇晃、疼痛，但是我们不能让我们的孩子失去一代，最重要的是我们必须进行教育的改革。坏事是这个冲击一定会来，好事是孩子给我们留下了 一点时间。 　　教育的准备 　　还有一个好事是我们大家面对的挑战是一样的，也没有说他有这个挑战，我没有挑战，全人类的挑战都是这个挑战，全人类的机会都是一样的机会。所以我自 己觉得，我们要重新认定、重新思考我们的教育方式。 　　刚才牛津大学的维克托讲的，我非常同意，我们对教育得重新re-define一下，过去两百年，人类追求科技、追求技术、追求科学的发展，相当之了 不起，但是两三百年以前，人类追求智的发展、文化的发展、价值观的发展是相当了不起，追求科学技术的发展，让人类取得了长足的进步，但是我个人认为，也 是反动的，科学不是真理，科学是用来证明真理的，对未来和对宇宙来讲，今天的科学还是一个婴幼儿，我们应该去思考未来，教育来讲，过去两三百年知识积累 的教育，让人类取得了巨大的红利，但是未来知识会让机器越来越聪明。 　　什么是聪明，聪明就是记性比你好，算的比你快，它还体力比你强，这三样东西，人类跟机器都没法比，电脑一定比你算得快，记忆，它从来不会忘掉，它插 上电，永远不停止，你怎么搞得过它，而且它的知识越来越结构化的情况下，我们的孩子今天的教育如果依然围绕数学算得快，背书背得好，可能麻烦就来，但是 不等于放弃，我没有说放弃这个教学。 　　中国要思考教和育是两回事，教让人具备知识，育让人成为真正的人，育让我们以机器为主的这个知识和科技为主的力量有与众不同，可以活得更好。所以未 来的一百年是智慧的时代，而智慧的时代，我认为是体验的时代，是服务的时代，机器将会取代我们过去两百多年依赖的技术和科技为积累的一切的东西。 　　希望大家去思考一下，对我们的孩子，我们应该花一点什么样的精力和能力、时间，让他们以不同的方式学习，让他们学习不同的东西。经常有孩子几年前， 孩子的父母来问我，马云啊，你看我们学这个科好不好，我孩子考大学了，学了这个以后，能找到工作吗，以前能够判断四年以后这个行业行不行，现在根本很难 判断。我们原来的教育体制永远希望你成为最好的学生，我认为我们要让这些孩子做最好的人，人与机器之间，未来的竞争就是人是有智慧的，机器只能是智能。 　　另外教育，我希望我们不只专注在教知识、教文化上，还要多花点在价值观上面，因为像创意、创新、创造，这些东西，机器还是有很大的难度。 　　我坚定希望未来的孩子，多花在琴棋书画上面，音乐让孩子能够产生智慧源泉，下棋让孩子懂得格局、布局、舍和得，书诗歌懂得执着坚持，画培养想象力， 培养想象力、好奇心是我们这些孩子们未来生存的必须的条件，如果我们孩子们丧失了创新力、创造力、好奇心，那我们一定人类会输给机器。我们最怕的不是机 器学人，我们怕的是我们的教育让我们人都开始学机器的时候，这个时代、这个世界才是真正的威胁。 　　创新机制的优化 　　另外一个问题，我想谈的是关于创新。创新的主体是企业，我们说了很多年、很多遍了，刚才柳总的话，作为企业里面，我是特别认同，我觉得今天所谓的a rtificial intelligence，前两年我听见，这是什么词啊，后来发现是学者提出这个词。 　　就阿里巴巴来讲，我们做人工智能的研究和应用已经十多年了，从支付宝第一天诞生的时候，我们就用机器去学习什么是犯罪行为，因为支付宝里面骗钱的人 太多了，每天各种各样诈骗的问题，还不讲网站上抓假货。 　　但是就从骗钱的角度来讲，一个骗子，再聪明的骗子，想出十个骗的方法，这个人已经是顶尖骗子了，一般的人想出两三个骗子方法，那已经也算不错了，我 们让机器可以学会两万、三万个骗术。我们请了一大批刑警、刑事专家，让他们懂得什么是诈骗犯，机器学得更牢、学更快，从来不忘记，而且24小时不下班， 盯得非常牢，有人一上来，机器马上发现，立刻抓住，如果发现机器上一次当，再学习，机器学会，十多年下来，支付宝到目前为止没有一分钱的差错，这是普通 银行不可能做得到的事情。 　　我们并没有觉得这是多了不起的事情，到今天有人把它说得很了不起的时候，也许我们还真很了不起，我们不是因为科学需要这么一个课题，而是因为我们不 解决这个问题，我们公司明天就关门了，这个是市场的需求，没有市场这个需求，是不可能做到的，而且artificial intelligence最大的应用是防止犯罪。 　　大家知道吗，你爱一个人是没有逻辑的，我爱他，我喜欢他，我愿意为他做任何事情，是没有逻辑的，但是你恨一个人，你要想搞一个人，你一定是有逻辑的 ，为什么恨他，该怎么害他，一二三四，只要有逻辑的事情，机器都会抓住你，这个就是巨大的差异，这些差异，我认为在研究院里面是很难搞出来的。 　　所以我呼吁今天很多院士，我们老工程院的院长、副院长也在这儿，给企业里面的科学家有一些院士的身份，对中国科技进步是有帮助的。我们的院士不能都 是在院所大学里面，都很重要，但是作为第一线的士兵们，第一线的人，应该要有这样的能力，我认为就像人工、数据这些东西，不是科研院所出来，尽管理论上 推动，但是走得未来还是我们这些东西，所以请大家考虑一下，并且支持一下我这样的建议和倡议，当然我是从来没有想过当院士，自己家里当当就蛮好了，我也 当不上什么院士。 　　最后我们应该做好这样的准备，教育的准备、创新机制的准备，我们要重新定义聪明也很重要，如果我们的聪明是昨天的定义这样的聪明，我告诉你，机器会 彻底把你全部颠覆掉，人类会越来越沮丧，这个沮丧，就像一个围棋Alpha Go把人类围棋下败，我认为都不值得沮丧的事情，搞得那么多人沮丧，那么这个沮丧才刚刚开始。 　　所以我们必须重新开始，没有任何人任何事能够阻碍大数据、互联网，就象一百年以前，没有任何一个行业可以拔掉电一样，这是一个社会趋势，人类必须为 这个做充分的思想准备，知识爆炸很厉害，但是我这么觉得，两千多年来，人类知识的叠加水平是超越了一切，但是人类的智慧并没有增长。我现在看看我们的儒 家的孔子，道家的老子，我们佛家的释迦牟尼，基督教的耶稣，这些智慧我们还是不如人家，觉得还是有道理，智慧两千多年来并没有巨大的进步。 　　人类在智慧上面，是靠体验，知识是可以学来的，智慧一定是体验。我认为教和育不一样，学和习不一样，学可以获取知识，习可以让你得到智慧，人只有通 过被电刺过以后才知道这个电还是很厉害的。 　　什么叫做聪明和智慧，聪明的人知道自己要什么，智慧的人知道自己不要什么。这个世界有太多的聪明人，我们在座绝大部分人问一下，你要什么，你肯定说 我要钱，我要房子，我要什么，你都能说出来，但是不要什么，你五分钟之内答不清楚不要什么，这是人类智慧的差异。 　　我们人类一定要明白，什么事情是人类做到，机器做不到，什么事情是机器做到，想明白这些东西，面向未来，才有可能，人类没有必要害怕机器，机器是不 可能取代人类的，说一百年以内，刚才有一条，西方杂志讲，现在开始的一百年，机器将比人聪明，我告诉大家，人类还是太乐观，机器现在已经比我们聪明，只 是你不肯承认这一点而已。 　　我们要的是，不要再重现红旗法案这样的事情，在任何会议上我都会呼吁，一个社会的进步不能出现红旗法案。 　　什么叫做红旗法案，一八六几年的时候，英国最早发明汽车，汽车出来的时候，首先去砸汽车的全是马车夫，因为那时候的马车夫是白领工作，那时候的马车 夫是社会的中等收入人群，他们觉得汽车出来，把我的活给砸掉了，首先去自，并且议会政府去抗议，把这个东西关了。最后政府出了一道红旗法案，每一辆车必 须有三个人，有一个人在五十米以前拿一个红旗，汽车永远速度不能超过马车，前面要有一个人引道的，如果汽车的速度超过了马车，汽车的牌照将会吊销。 　　这三十年的红旗法案，完全阻碍了整个英国汽车工业的发展，德国追了上来，法国(专题)追上来，美国发现不错以后，美国迅速把自己变成了一个车轮上的 国家，美国既然是车轮上的国家，又把握另外一个，以石油为主的大的一次技术革命。 　　如果今天的中国已经是一个互联网上的国家，七八亿人口在上面，我们如果出一个法案，每个人说我们要帮助互联网，但是我们没有把握互联网特性，没有把 握住这些东西，很有可能自觉不自觉的出很多红旗法案。而且这样的东西，会越来越多，人类要有足够的自信，有一点是肯定的，我们人类拥有信仰，机器永远不 可能有信仰，而人类失去信仰的时候，人类就不会创新，人类就没有担当，如果失去信仰以后，你一定比不过机器。所以我自己觉得，我们对文化的自信、信仰的 自信只要存在，这个世界还是会很有机会的。 　　所以最后一句，机器不应该成为人的对手，机器和人只有合作在一起，才能解决未来，就像竞争对手一样，我们不应该联合对抗，我们应该联合起来对抗人类 未来共同的问题，共同的麻烦，只有这样，竞争只是乐趣。商场如战场，商场是你杀了他，不等于你能活好，如果天天打对手，你就变成一个职业杀手，你永远做 不了一个好人。我觉得我们这个国家科技各方面的发展一样，面对未来、面对我们的孩子、面对我们共同的挑战，去解决这些问题，才有可能，并且以不同的角度 、深度和广度对问题的看法，我们才有机会，谢谢大家。 Posted in 中国 * * * * * * 相关文章 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 我卖掉北京500万的房产，在老家生活的这两年 * 1515944549257918 俄专家解析：房峰辉案件的背后真相 * 1 (5) 保姆拐走主人儿子养26年 被拐者不想找亲生父母 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 高校抢人学者身价飙涨!有人开100万年薪800万房补 * 1 (1) “政治新星”敛财2100万 出逃不忘带名酒和情妇 * 1 妻子多次给丈夫下毒！吵一次架 下一滴毒 * 1515878022878148 嫁到中国的印度女人说：在中国才是个人 * 5434 (1) 对大陆新航线不满 台当局指示基层空管打骚扰电话 最新|New Posts 45345 (1) 政府成立监督国际组织委员会2018年1月15日 6:05 pm 政府成立监督国际组织委员会commercialnews - 2018年1月15日 6:05 pm * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 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[landing_masthead.jpg] 第84期，2010年3月 * 主页 * 校园新闻 * 校友动态 * 活动讯息 * 事业提升 * 保持联系 * 联络我们 * 南大网站主页 * 校友事务处网站主页 * 校友网上论坛 * 捐赠母校 * 期刊总览 + 期刊总览 + 2017 o Dec 17 o Nov 17 o Oct 17 o Sep 17 o Aug 17 o Jul 17 o Jun 17 o May 17 o Apr 17 o Mar 17 o Feb 17 o Jan 17 + 2016 o Dec 16 o Nov 16 o Oct 16 o Sep 16 o Aug 16 o Jul 16 o Jun 16 o May 16 o Apr 16 o Mar 16 o Feb 16 o Jan 16 + 2015 o Dec 15 o Nov 15 o Oct 15 o Sep 15 o Aug 15 o Jul 15 o Jun 15 o May 15 o Apr 15 o Mar 15 o Feb 15 o Jan 15 + 2014 o Dec 14 o Nov 14 o Oct 14 o Sep 14 o Aug 14 o Jul 14 o Jun 14 o May 14 o Apr 14 o Mar 14 o Feb 14 o Jan 14 + 2013 o Dec 13 o Nov 13 o Oct 13 o Sep 13 o Aug 13 o Jul 13 o Jun 13 o May 13 o Apr 13 o Mar 13 o Feb 13 o Jan 13 + 2012 o Dec 12 o Nov 12 o Oct 12 o Sep 12 o Aug 12 o Jul 12 o Jun 12 o May 12 o Apr 12 o Mar 12 o Feb 12 o Jan 12 + 2011 o Dec 11 o Nov 11 o Oct 11 o Sep 11 o Aug 11 o Jul 11 o Jun 11 o May 11 o Apr 11 o Mar 11 o Feb 11 o Jan 11 + 2010 o Dec 10 o Nov 10 o Oct 10 o Sep 10 o Aug 10 o Jul 10 o Jun 10 o May 10 o Apr 10 o Mar 10 o Feb 10 o Jan 10 + 2009 o Dec 09 o Nov 09 o Oct 09 o Sep 09 o Aug 09 o Jul 09 o Jun 09 o May 09 o Apr 09 o Mar 09 o Feb 09 o Jan 09 + 2008 o Dec 08 o Nov 08 o Oct 08 o Sep 08 o Aug 08 o Jul 08 o Jun 08 o May 08 o Apr 08 o Mar 08 o Feb 08 o Jan 08 + 2007 o Dec 07 o Nov 07 o Oct 07 o Sep 07 o Aug 07 o Jul 07 o Jun 07 o May 07 o Apr 07 o Mar 07 o Feb 07 o Jan 07 搜索 ____________________ [gobutton_zh.gif]-Submit Manage my subscription 合作开发新一代人工智能 NTUPageContent 南洋理工大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学（卡大）合作新推出的双博士学位课程，将给予研究精英们许多机会来协助开发新一代的机器人与智能系统。 [PhD-rs1aCL.jpg] 南大与以机械智能专业的实力而闻名于世的美国卡内基梅隆大学合作，开办了具有前瞻性的工程学科双博士学位课程，使学员们获得上述两所大学的博士学位文凭 。 南大校长徐冠林博士指出，学员们在修读南大——卡大工科双博士学位课程期间，将有机会获得“机器人与智能系统的尖端知识，而为学术界和智能机器人业界做 出巨大贡献。” 前来新加坡与徐冠林校长共同签署合作协议的卡内基梅隆大学校长加莱德٠科恩（Jared L Cohon）博士说：“我们看到卡内基梅隆大学机械工程系同南大开办这门具有创造性的双博士学位课程，感到很高兴。” 这是南大工学院开办的第一个双博士学位课程。在这项最新的博士生教育合作之前，南大已经同英国伦敦帝国学院、德国慕尼黑工业大学、瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院等 多家世界知名大学开设了高水平的联合博士学位课程。 创业环境中的创新研究 在这项计划下，学生们将在南大和卡大分别上课两年，他们将在两名分别来自两所大学的导师辅导下，进行研究工作。科恩校长表示，来自匹兹堡和新加坡的博士 生们将能够“同各种学科的一些最优秀的专家们一起工作”，并且“在竞争性和创业性环境中一起学习”。 新加坡经济发展局肯定了机器人的创新发明将提高人们的生活、工作和娱乐活动品质，因此正在积极促进机器人和智能系统工业的成长；该局已承诺资助在卡大学 习该课程的10名南大学生。经济发展局的支持说明了这项课程对经济和工业发展的重要性。南大机器人研究中心在过去20多年来一直在支持机器人及其相关科 目的硕士生研究工作。 南大与卡大的双博士学位课程是两所大学长期合作的又一个里程碑。1999年以来，南大南洋商学院与卡大联合开办了“南洋金融硕士学位课程”，学生们最后 7个星期是在卡大学习。 © 南大资讯与公关处 译者: 南大校友事务处 寄給朋友 | 列印 Published by Alumni Affairs Office and Corporate Communications Office ©2010 Nanyang Technological University. 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No. 200604393R NTUPageContentInvisible #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 如果人工智能泡沫破灭了评论Feed alternate alternate AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 ← 在 Spark 中实现单例模式的技巧 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 → 如果人工智能泡沫破灭了 发表于2016年10月25日由lili 文章目录 * 1. 泡沫进行时 * 2. 泡沫的产生 * 3. 如果人工智能的泡沫破灭了 * 4. 总结 今天下午和朋友闲聊，聊到人工智能泡沫的问题。晚上写这篇博客，表达下自己对这个问题的见解。 buddle1 1. 泡沫进行时 互联网行业自诞生以来，相关产业要么泡沫要么冷寂，并不存在不是泡沫又不冷寂的状态。人工智能现在显然不是处于冷寂状态，而是处于烈火烹油 繁华什锦的泡沫年华之中。 目前人工智能的创新点包括但不限于下面几个点。1）人脸识别。旷视科技和商汤科技是人脸识别领域的领军，正在拓展人脸识别的应用场景，比如 uber 司机注册 。除了创业公司，也有些巨头涉足人脸识别领域，比如腾讯家就有优图。2) Chatbot。苹果的 siri，微软的小冰和 cortana，百度的度秘，Facebook 的 Messenger 聊天机器人 和 Google 的 Allo 等对话机器人是巨头提前布局。做聊天对话的创业公司不少，比如雷鸣的儿童智能机器人——智小乐。但做助理对话的创业公司则少。出门问问之前的产品是个人 助理型对话机器人，不过现在出门问问转型做硬件去了。3) 企业服务。人工智能提高企业生产、销售、运行和决策的质量和效率，这是人工智能很早之前就开始讲的故事。啤酒和尿布的故事便是典型的例子。现在有一些创 业公司致力于为企业提供智能支持服务，比如 everstring 和 Palantir。但不同的企业生产、销售、运行和决策的模式是不一样的，要提高它们的效率，必须深入到这些过程中去。这需要堆人堆人再堆人。不要问我 为什么我知道这个坑，哈哈哈。4）无人驾驶。Google 从 2009 年开始研究无人驾驶技术。现在又有几家巨头在此布局，苹果和特斯拉都在研制自己的无人驾驶系统。特别特斯拉最近宣称完成了第五级无人驾驶硬件，虽然它家 的无人驾驶刚刚搞出人命。还有百度又要 all in 了吧。除了上面几个点，人工智能还在智能医疗和智能硬件等场景发力。 虽然这些创新点还处于 “只闻楼梯响，不见人下来” 的状态，但人工智能已经呈现出全面出击的态势，仿佛明天人们就能享受到人工智能的各种产品了。在此繁荣的景象中，有一些人开始警惕人工智能的泡沫，其中 不乏大佬，比如 朱啸虎：包括VR和人工智能在内的热门创业都是泡沫 和 周鸿祎：360搜索要做人工智能 现在不炒无人驾驶。 2. 泡沫的产生 一个技术有两条水平线，一条是这项技术现有的水平，一条是这项技术要进入人类生活必须达到的最低水平。只有一项技术的现有水平线超过进入人 类生活必须达到的最低水平线，这项技术才能铺展开来，相关创业者才能取得成功。 让人觉得麻烦而奇妙的是，没有人知道现有水平线会在什么时候超过最低水平线。特别是在这项技术有突破和进展的时候，人们会产生 “这项技术明天就能进入生活” 的希望或者错觉。大家为了抢占先机，便一拥而生。泡沫由此产生。 人脸识别的准确率在 12、13 年突飞猛进，特别是 alexnet 网络结构的提出启发了不同的后续网络结构，极大提高了人脸识别的准确率。这种狂飙突进给人很大的希望和勇气，让人们推动这项实验室里的技术推向社会。旷 视科技公司在 2012 年发布 face++，并在 2013 年 7 月获得创新工场百万美元 A 轮投资。另一个人脸识别领军公司商汤科技则是在 2014 年成立。 err 而这几年泡沫产生的特别频繁，互联网金融、O2O、Magic 模式、VR、AR 和人工智能各种概念你方唱罢我登场。其中原因就是，旧时代已经落幕，新时代还未开启。上个世纪 90 年代开启的互联网时代，2007 苹果发布 iphone 开启的移动互联网时代，到现在已经落幕了。在这混乱期，人们的心浮动起来，急欲抢占新时代的风口。巨头要布局，创业公司要上位，加剧了资金人才的流动。 泡沫也由此加剧。 oldtimes 3. 如果人工智能的泡沫破灭了 互联网行业起起伏伏，产生了很多泡沫，也破灭了很多泡沫。比如之前的 P2P ，现在已经死得差不多了。再比如之前的 O2O ，现在也很少人谈起了。如果人工智能的泡沫破灭了，会不会像 P2P 和 O2O 一样一地鸡毛。人工智能前几次泡沫破灭，可是很惨淡的。在那人工智能破灭期，搞人工智能的人门可罗雀很惨的。 但我个人观点：如果这次人工智能几个新点全部失败，大家对人工智能的未来失去信心，也不会一地鸡毛。因为现在人工智能在工业界已经有成熟的 应用，其中两个最大的应用便是广告系统和推荐系统。这两个应用能直接产生收益带来金钱。甚至因为广告系统钱多又复杂，还诞生了计算机广告学这样一门学科 。根据艾瑞发布了《2016Q1网络广告营收报告》，2016 年第一季度中国网络广告市场规模达543.4亿元。再加上收益不菲的推荐系统。有这两金主托底，即使人工智能的泡沫破灭了，也不至于太惨淡。 ads 如果人工智能的泡沫破灭，人工智能社区只能退回广告系统和推荐系统，重新回到 “世界上最聪明的一群人，每天研究的是如何让人更多的点广告” 的时代，怀抱这两大金主在寒冬蛰伏。 click 等风云变幻学术界又有新的突破，再搞一波泡沫或者真正地把人类社会推入人工智能时代。 4. 总结 看了上面的描述，不要觉得“这次人工智能浪潮终将完全退去，所有新的点都要失败”。未来的美妙就在于它很难被预测。就像在 2014 年大家都觉得 googlenet 22 层神经网络结构已经到顶了，2015 年 ResNet 直接把层数拉到上百层。 欢迎关注我的公众号，每周的更新就会有提醒哦~ weixin_saomiao 此条目发表在大局洞察分类目录，贴了人工智能, 泡沫标签。将固定链接加入收藏夹。 ← 在 Spark 中实现单例模式的技巧 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 → 《如果人工智能泡沫破灭了》有 1 条评论 1. Pingback引用通告： 概念和工作 | AlgorithmDog 发表评论 取消回复 电子邮件地址不会被公开。 评论 _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 姓名 ______________________________ 电子邮件 ______________________________ 站点 ______________________________ 发表评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月4日 technology Home global technology 人工智能将改变律师行业 人工智能将改变律师行业 星期二, 七月 04, 2017 global, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [mp52979695_1452147788111_3.jpeg] 人工智能在律师事务所的应用迫使职业律师在不远的将来不仅要掌握相关专业知识，还要具备使用机器人开展工作的能力。虽然应用尚不普遍，但是大律所已经开 始内部研究人工智能的价值并将它们应用到工作中，目的是提高盈利能力。对于律所而言，人工智能已不再是巨大威胁，而是日常内部管理和改善与客户关系的帮 手。 然而，律师行业对人工智能的适应过程意味着专业上的改变。律所使用人工智能，对律师的其他技能也提出了要求，他们不仅需要具备专业知识，还要具备适应变 化以及编程的知识，这对于以后在律师事务中发展和使用技术是非常重要的。 事实上，这种适应对于法律专业人士来说非常重要。世界经济论坛最近表示，数字化意味着210万个工作岗位的创造和710万个岗位的消失。尽管如此，国际 律师协会还是很乐观，并在最近发表的关于人工智能和机器人及其对工作场所影响的报告中指出，律师被机器人替代的风险低于5％，同时强调要注意律师专业面 对的变化。 《金融时报》也赞同这份报告的乐观看法，同时指出，律师日常使用的23项技能中，只有5项有可能被机器人替代，包括准备法律程序资料、按顺序保存档案或 寻找相关材料等等。而这些方面的工作，有些大型律所已经使用机器人替代完成。 大型国际律所不是唯一使用智能工具的机构。伦敦大学学院、设菲尔德大学和宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员成功预测到欧洲人权法院584宗案件中79%的判决， 而西班牙一所大学5年多前就开发出一款计算软件，对美国最高法院判定的预测准确率翻83% 。尽管有上述例子,仍有一些律所对使用新技术心存疑虑，主要原因除了计算软件有可能出错和网络袭击风险以外，缺乏相关立法也是原因之一，欧洲专利法并不 对科学发现、理论和数学方法进行专利保护。 英国市场在很多领域代表着发展趋势，法律部门也不例外。美国律所是最早考虑使用人工智能的，现在84%的办公室认为引入人工智能不是一种时尚，而是一项 战略性义务，三分之二的美国律所正在推行这项战略，利用各种特殊信息工具提高工作效率，让律师专注于真正需要提供附加值的工作。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期二, 七月 04, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 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Something went wrong while submitting the form 员工登入 返回首頁搜索查詢熱線：(86) 18611741512| 电邮：info@sg-group.sg 新加坡胜源集团LOGO 首页关于我们服务最新活动加入我们联系我们EN 导航栏 24 Nov 2015 他的"存在", 让你的饭碗在2020年还保得住吗？ 他的‘存在’，让你的饭碗在2020年还保得住吗？ “ 随着人工智能和机器人的发展，进入各个领域，机器人正逐渐对人类造成威胁的话题也成为热点。在经济恢复缓慢，工作难寻的当下，机器人影响人类就业更是饱 受关注。有些经济学家认为这种威胁已迫在眉睫，而另一些则认为直到本世纪末才会出现。无论时日长短，机器人不仅抢了一些人的饭碗，也对人类整体造成不容 忽视的威胁，已成为不争的事实。” 由于人工智能和智能机器的使用，不仅增加效率和减低开销。许多领域都增加对人工智能和智能机器的投资，由此依赖已衍生了重要的就业问题，不慬是「蓝领」 工人，「白领」工作也会大片消失。 据CNN报导，数字媒体未来学家兼Webbmedia集团创始人艾米。韦伯(Amy Webb)预测，在近10至20年，至少有8种职业会明显受到机器人的威胁。 以下显示哪几种职业即将被取代: 你被取代了吗？ 1. 收费站运营商和收银员 2. 市场营销人员 3. 客服人员 4. 制造业工人 5. 金融中间人和分析师 6. 新闻记者 7. 律师 8. 电话公司职员 9. 麻醉师和外科医生 10. 士兵和保安 对！ 你并没看错 财务顾问也在行列当中 胜源是如何看待智能危机而转为商机 根据零壹财经报导， “智能投顾虽然有着显著的优势，但是在钱景财富CEO赵荣春看来，智能投顾必竟是由计算机代替人工来完成的，其本质还是需要靠人来决定，比如智能理财模 型需要人工搭建，绩优产品的选择和经济周期的判断目前都需要人工进行，所以，人与机器的优势互补才能形成最佳投资体验。” 为什么人工智能和机器人没办法取代财务顾问？ 华尔街见闻此前也曾提及，虽然机器人投顾已经吸引了大批个人投资者。但与个人理财顾问相比，网络平台的机器人投顾还存在许多局限。 01. 不能给予全方位的财务管理方案 面对面的个人财务顾问除了涵盖投资领域，还需帮助客户管理现金流、制定养老计划、购买商业保险、协助大学学费贷款以及房地产贷款等。而作为完整的投资计 划理应把客户所有的理财需求都考虑在内，例如：年龄，家庭背景，健康等等。而不仅仅以简单的风险投资偏好调查为基础来调整资产配置。 02. 不能很好进行避税规划 其次，单个账户也不能很好地进行避税规划。许多投资资产需要以家庭为单位，涉及征税的投资需要全盘考虑，如将免税的资产放入需要缴税账户，将不能免税的 资产放入个人退休账户(IRA)，在IRA账户，投资资产征税延后至变现从而减免部分税收。对于上述种种节税措施，机器人投顾还难以安排妥当。 03. 不能满足客户复杂要求 在利用人工和电脑智能方面，简单的创新并不能满足客户的复杂需求，开发相关需求的基金公司也面临着对各项功能做出取舍的挑战。另有银行界人士称，机器人 投顾某种程度上可以替代分析师的定量分析，但很难替代其定性分析。 当胜源财务顾问的好处 1) 为别人的人生做出正面的影响 根据网易新闻，蚂蚁金服商学院联合清华大学发布了当代青年财商认知与行为调查报告，首度揭示了“90后”大学生的财商状况。调查结果显示， “90后”大学生的理财意识还比较薄弱，四成多“消费无计划”，40.5%的大学生消费时，没有计划、随心所欲，22.7%的大学生消费计划不明晰。 作为财务服务顾问，我们不仅帮助客户的人生进行财务规划，实现客户的财富保值与增值。同时也使顾问本身得到财务自由。 2) 学会理财越早越好 俗话说: “智商是先天的，财商是后天的”。 根据理财师多年的经验，一个人将来的飞黄腾达，从个人现在的财商就能决定。 3) 开拓人脉视野 财务顾问不仅解决个人理财问题，也会有机会接触各式企业财务保险问题。在为个人或企业提供方案时，财务顾问是必须了解对方的背景与需求，在过程中不仅结 识新朋友，还会学习到很多对人生历练有帮助的知识。 4) 2016年财务是大学生最好就业 财务管理专业今年拔得头筹，成为就业率最高的专业 5) 海外会议旅游机会 很多胜源年轻财务顾问，在30岁前就已经环游了半个地球。 如果你想要换个更具挑战性的工作环境跟胜源到新加坡如何？ 有兴趣者可以投你的简历到: info@sg-group.sg 或 联系:王先生 (18503049512) http://www.sg-group.sg/join-us.html 新加坡的工作环境 即安全又干净的城市: 当地政府管制严厉的环境和治安维护条规。在新加坡，想在路旁找到垃圾简直比中‘乐透’还难。这么一个干净的城市让人们觉得处处都像家。另外，新加坡也是 世界犯罪率最低的其中一个国家。当地居民经常能很放心把重要随身财物（例如：手提袋，手机，钱包）放在公众场合也不担心被劫走。 交通方便: 新加坡的城市规划非常规律，交通也很有效率。只要乘搭公共地铁或巴士，都能抵达你想去的地方。交通时间都在一小时之内。为了更方便当地居民抵达，当地政 府已经预计在2019年会有新地铁和巴士路线规划设立在交通比较不便的外郊区进行。 人才紧缺尤其金融等行业好就业: 作为世界主要的石油提炼及配送中心之一，作为世界主要的电子元件供应商和船舶制造和维修的佼佼者，作为拥有超过130间银行的亚洲最重要金融中心之一， 市场的繁荣带动了就业的需求。 起薪水平: 专科月薪1800新币，本科2500新币，国大南大研究生2800-3000新币。 留新工作成为永久居民好处多: 成为永久居民可以享受很多新加坡当地国民的待遇，出入境方便，能非常容易获得进入美国，加拿大，澳大利亚等国家的留学，考察，工作等各类签证；永久居民 的子女大学前教育费用由政府负担，父母只交极少量的学杂费。子女作为永久居民后，父母也可以按照有关政策办理永久居民申请。 不用担心四季: 新加坡没有春夏秋冬，你只需要一把伞为全年普照的阳光和偶尔的雨季做准备。这已经为你省下为季节做准备的庞大开支。 客服服务高: 在国内去餐厅用膳，当服务不周投诉时，你可能还得反看餐厅老板脸色。新加坡客服满意永远第一，客人永远是对的理念，让你不得向他们的服务秀出一个赞。 美食天堂: 由于新加坡是个多元种族国家，当地美食也融入不同文化的风味，让你有意犹未尽的味道。此外，政府也非常注重当地的健康标准，小贩饮食业主采用的食材都必 须达到健康标准。 关于胜源 新加坡胜源集团由全球最具规模的国际专业会计师协会——ACCA会员、新加坡特许会计师及新加坡注册金融理财师组成。 无论是企业还是个人，胜源集团将为来自全球的客户以及企业量身定制财务金融相关管理计划。为您和您的企业提供最专业，最全面，最安全的税务,财务等解决 方案。帮助您和您的公司开拓更加广阔的领域与境界。胜源集团----值得信赖。 胜源精英团队期望在此相关领域为每一位客户以及企业提供最好的咨询服务，成为您财务增值以及问题解决的最佳伙伴。 Back to news 首页关于我们服务最新活动加入我们联系我们 新加坡胜源集团LOGO Copyright 2015 by SG CENTENNIAL PTE LTD | Design by DL Ideas pte ltd #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate Download, discover, share ____________________ (Submit) Categories en Communication * Messaging Social Games * Action/Adventure Arcade Lifestyle * Fitness Food and Drink Multimedia * Audio Other Tools Productivity * Finance Personal Tools * Browsing Download Managers [logo_home.png] Download thousands of Android apps Download thousands of Android apps ____________________ (Submit) Communication Games Lifestyle Multimedia Productivity Tools DC UNCHAINED 1.0.47 DC UNCHAINED DC superheroes join forces in one explosive game Popular Now: * play store * whatsapp plus * lucky patcher * share it * gb whatsapp * bee movie * wifi hacker ultimate * youtube * sweet selfie * gallery vault * facebook * fifa 17 * ludo king * snapchat * instagram * snaptube youtube downloader hd * aptoide * azar * whatsapp All categories The latest Cylonu87 AnimeDLR Stream the latest anime episodes on your Android AnimeDLR icon 2.5.2 Mlc Code39 Create barcodes quickly and easily Code39 icon 3.0 Kongregate Realm Grinder Build your kingdom tap by tap Realm Grinder icon 3.0.3 Ateam Inc. 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We'll be back soon. #委侨新闻网 » Feed 委侨新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻资讯 + 热点 + 委国 + 委侨 + 华人 + 乡情 * 专题导读 + 机票 + 签证 + 美金 + 银行 * 领事服务通道 + 侨务及领事保护 + 办理公证 + 办理护照、旅游证 + 办理领事认证 + 办理香港护照、身份证 + 各类表格下载 + 法律法规 + 申请中国签证 + 翻译服务 + 身份证查询 + 重要通知 + 领事工作简介 + 领事收费标准及缴费方式 + 领事部地址及办公信息 + 驾驶证查询 * 常用电话 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 名胜古迹 + 地道美食 + 特产手信 + 风俗人情 * 论坛 + 热门爆料 + 谈天说地 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 委侨新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻资讯 + 热点 + 委国 + 委侨 + 华人 + 乡情 * 专题导读 + 机票 + 签证 + 美金 + 银行 * 领事服务通道 + 侨务及领事保护 + 办理公证 + 办理护照、旅游证 + 办理领事认证 + 办理香港护照、身份证 + 各类表格下载 + 法律法规 + 申请中国签证 + 翻译服务 + 身份证查询 + 重要通知 + 领事工作简介 + 领事收费标准及缴费方式 + 领事部地址及办公信息 + 驾驶证查询 * 常用电话 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 名胜古迹 + 地道美食 + 特产手信 + 风俗人情 * 论坛 + 热门爆料 + 谈天说地 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 首页 新闻资讯 畅想未来科技生活 全球华媒... * 新闻资讯 * 关注 * 精选 畅想未来科技生活 全球华媒聚焦人工智能 由 venpanda - 2017年9月15日 92 摘要：“高端大气上档次的机器人，一定要低调奢华有内涵，接地气。”国家发改委宏观经济管理研究院研究员宋承敏致辞时表示，工业信息化4.0的最高境界 是实现生命化、连接化，这都离不开人工智能。 人工_副本.jpg 图为“人工智能+”菁蓉镇分论坛现场。（摄影：谢明） 人工+_副本.jpg 图为“人工智能+”菁蓉镇分论坛现场。（摄影：谢明） 海外网9月6日电（李萌 刘凌 朱惠悦）第二届海外华文新媒体高峰论坛在四川成都隆重召开。6日上午，论坛迎来“人工智能+”菁蓉镇分论坛。与会嘉宾围绕“人工智能+”主题探讨交流， 智慧激荡，描绘出一幅未来科技生活的美好远景。 “高端大气上档次的机器人，一定要低调奢华有内涵，接地气。”国家发改委宏观经济管理研究院研究员宋承敏致辞时表示，工业信息化4.0的最高境界是实现 生命化、连接化，这都离不开人工智能。发展人工智能符合未来的发展方向，符合市场经济规律，是政府的要求，也是老百姓的盼望。他说，发展机器人，要讲信 用，价格要合理。不但要紧跟消费者需求，还要跑得比消费者快，引领市场。 人民日报海外版党委书记、副总编辑李建兴在致辞时指出，近2年，人民日报海外版媒体矩阵“报网端微”，为中国人工智能的迅速发展给予了强有力的全球传播 。海内外许多媒体广泛转发传播了我们的报道。一时间，世界惊奇地发现，在人工智能方面中国将要领跑世界。前不久，9月1日的人民日报海外版整版报道了中 国人工智能发展进入新阶段，指出我国发展人工智能具有良好基础。 郫都区委副书记王忠诚指出，当前郫都区围绕“双创高地，生态新区”发展定位，在人工智能产业的布局上，充分发挥科教人才资源富集的优势，与国内人工智能 领军企业及人才强强联手，建立人工智能产业研究院，抢占未来产业发展高地，有力催生了新技术、新产业、新业态和新模式。 此外，参加论坛的还有来自各行各业的精英，他们纷纷从自己的研究视角出发，阐述人工智能在各个领域的应用现状，并畅谈未来的发展方向。 腾讯智能硬件负责人、新泽西大学博士Daniel Wu以“万物互联，万物智能”为主题，阐述了人工智能与物联网之间的紧密联系。他表示，物联网具备巨大的市场潜力，将在未来将充分融入人们的生活。作为 连接终端和服务的桥梁，智能中枢将成为整个物联网体系的战略重点。 澳门大学首席教授、IEEE院士、长江学者评委会评委唐远炎以大数据为观察视角，展示了许多人工智能的案例，并表示，人们生活的方方面面都需要智能处理 ，比如智能汽车和智能医学等。 微软亚太区人工智能及物联网高级总监John Chang表示，希望透过人工智能带来更多连接，透过人工智能，创造出物联网的新价值。 成都凯斯人工智能研究院院长王献昌长期关注无人系统集群智能化方面的应用，他从军事角度，介绍了人工智能在无人系统方面的应用，并表示，这是国家未来重 要的发展方向。 南京航空航天大学航空航天交叉研究院院长邹鸿生表示，他长期致力于“智能结构与结构电子系统”的研究，并将研究成果应用于航空、航天、汽车、医疗、能源 、机械等元件及系统设计。他还认为，给机械生命化具有十分重要的意义。 全球加速器 Founder Space 首席执行官霍夫曼（Steve Hoffman），以新奇的方式介绍了未来10年可能会出现的技术，比如“梦想技术”，通过这项技术，可以记录下来人们做梦的全过程，并在人们清醒之后 ，将梦境以视频的形式展现出来。 本届论坛由人民日报海外版、中共四川省委外宣办主办，人民日报海外网、中共成都市委外宣办承办，成都创新创业示范基地党工委（管委会）协办。论坛围绕媒 体融合、技术创新、绿色金融、人工智能等一系列“一带一路”建设和媒体发展进程中的热点话题，分设主论坛和五个平行分论坛。来自全球42个国家和地区的 102家海外华文新媒体的代表参加了本届论坛。 分享： 前一篇文章委内瑞拉发生地震 暂无人员伤亡报告 下一篇文章委内瑞拉闹饥荒 总统出奇招：何不养兔子吃兔肉 venpanda 相关文章更多作者 C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\1515574381763146.jpg 委内瑞拉发虚拟“石油币”挽救经济，能否如愿以偿？ 委内瑞拉总统马杜罗祝贺古巴革命胜利59周年 “五洲庆新春 四海共团圆” 2018全球华人... ____________________ 搜索 近期文章 * 孟加拉国手信 异国风味浓 * 孟加拉名胜 建筑交响曲 * 莆田最美的天龟旅游道 开车骑行随意切换 * 委内瑞拉发虚拟“石油币”挽救经济，能否如愿以偿？ * 孟加拉风俗 传承民间艺术 * 首页 * 新闻资讯 + 热点 + 委国 + 委侨 + 华人 + 乡情 * 专题导读 + 机票 + 签证 + 美金 + 银行 * 领事服务通道 + 侨务及领事保护 + 办理公证 + 办理护照、旅游证 + 办理领事认证 + 办理香港护照、身份证 + 各类表格下载 + 法律法规 + 申请中国签证 + 翻译服务 + 身份证查询 + 重要通知 + 领事工作简介 + 领事收费标准及缴费方式 + 领事部地址及办公信息 + 驾驶证查询 * 常用电话 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 名胜古迹 + 地道美食 + 特产手信 + 风俗人情 * 论坛 + 热门爆料 + 谈天说地 * 分类广告 © 2017 委侨新闻网 ｜本网站由流动媒体制作 Connecting... Profile Search & Selection Menu * About + Global Partners + CSR + Diversity & Inclusion * Services + Retained Executive Search + Exclusive Contingent Selection + Executive Assessment + Market Intelligence + Executive Interim + Non-Executive, Board Advisory & Capital Introduction * Practice Areas + Accounting & Finance + Asset & Wealth Management + Corporate & Investment Banking + Healthcare & Life Sciences + Human Resources + Insurance + Legal & Compliance + Private Equity, Private Credit & Venture Capital + Risk Management + Sales & Marketing + Supply Chain & Operations + Technology * Team * Insights * Opportunities + Job Search + Upload CV + Work For Us * Contact * Register * Login * Language * Language / 语言 * Blank 中文 * Blank English * About + Global Partners + CSR + Diversity & Inclusion * Services + Retained Executive Search + Exclusive Contingent Selection + Executive Assessment + Market Intelligence + Executive Interim + Non-Executive, Board Advisory & Capital Introduction * Practice Areas + Accounting & Finance + Asset & Wealth Management + Corporate & Investment Banking + Healthcare & Life Sciences + Human Resources + Insurance + Legal & Compliance + Private Equity, Private Credit & Venture Capital + Risk Management + Sales & Marketing + Supply Chain & Operations + Technology * Team * Insights * Opportunities + Job Search + Upload CV + Work For Us * Contact * Login * Register W1siziisimnvbxbpbgvkx3rozw1lx2fzc2v0cy9wcm9mawxllwfzawevanbnl3n1yi1iyw5 uzxiuanbnil1d (BUTTON) Language / 语言 * English * 中文 (BUTTON) Register / Sign in * Register * Sign in 产品运营VP/总监，国内智能人工智能行业巨头 Job Title: 产品运营VP/总监，国内智能人工智能行业巨头 Contract Type: Permanent Location: Shanghai, China Industry: Technology Salary: Negotiable Start Date: ASAP Reference: 2002150_1504004695 Contact Name: Even Feng Contact Email: efeng@profileasia.com Job Published: August 29, 2017 19:04 Job Description 我们的客户是国内和全球第一家专注于无人驾驶新能源领域的互联网公司，覆盖汽车全产业链，目前估值几百亿，已在全球12个城市地区建立公司设计、研发、商务等机构， 目前已经获得行业顶级PE/VC/IB几轮共计百亿体量的融资额度，公司拥有行业最核心的资金、技术和用户资源，已经开始进行多款汽车产品的研发制造，预计年底开始 批量生产； 产品运营VP/总监 职位职责： * 带领10多人团队负责公司在互联网运营业务方面管理； * 负责公司互联网化进程中数字产品的设计和整体策略规划； * 产品推出后进行产品的运营和管理工作； * 直接汇报给公司总裁兼联合创始人； * 具有绝对市场竞争力的薪水以及优厚的福利待遇，股权 任职要求： * 本科及以上学历，有成功互联网产品运营经验优先； * 负责过国内产品或在海外成功孵化和管理过顶级数字产品，负责过全链条工作经验优先； [ZXZlbi43NTU2Ni44MTAyQHByb2ZpbGVhc2lhLmFwbGl0cmFrLmNvbQ.gif] Sorry, this job has expired Sorry, this job has expired Get similar jobs like these by email ____________________ (Submit) Create alert By submitting your details you agree to our T&C's Consultant W1siziisijiwmtcvmduvmtcvmduvmzuvmjkvntavrxzlbibgzw5nlmpwzyjdlfsiccisinr odw1iiiwindawedqwmcmixv0 Even Feng Associate Director (Submit) See more of this person's jobs Share this job 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 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I understand and expressly accept Spring Professional Data Privacy Statement Submit Contact us Cookies Sitemap Login ABB in Singapore * Home * About us * Products & services * News center * Careers * ABB Group * Customer Contact Center [abb.com_NewsCenter.jpg] ABB中国年度新闻稿 * 2018年度新闻稿 * 2017年度新闻稿 * 2016年度新闻稿 * 2015年度新闻稿 * 2014年度新闻稿 * 2013年度新闻稿 * 2012年度新闻稿 * 2011年度新闻稿 * 2010年度新闻稿 * 2009年度新闻稿 * 2008年度新闻稿 * 2007年度新闻稿 * 2006年度新闻稿 * 2005年度新闻稿 * 2004年度新闻稿 * 2003年度新闻稿 * 2002年度新闻稿 * 2001年度新闻稿 * 2000年度新闻稿 ABB携手IBM开发工业人工智能解决方案 ABB Ability™与IBM Watson联手提升客户价值 苏黎世，2017年4月25日——ABB与IBM（NYSE: IBM）今天宣布进行战略合作，ABB行业领先的数字化解决方案ABB Ability将与IBM Watson物联网认知计算技术联手为电力、工业、交通和基础设施领域的客户创造新的价值。 ABB拥有深厚的行业专长以及跨行业的数字化解决方案，IBM是人工智能、机器学习及不同垂直行业领域的专家，双方的合作将使客户受益。ABB Ability与Watson将首先在工厂及智能电网两个领域合作，提供实时认知分析。 “双方的强强联手标志着工业技术发展进入新阶段，我们将不仅拥有目前收集数据的互联系统，还将在工业运营和设备中利用数据进行感知、分析、优化并采取应 对措施，帮助工业客户提升正常运行时间、速度和产量。”ABB集团首席执行官史毕福表示，“ABB在全球安装7千万台互联设备，拥有7万套正在运行的控 制系统以及6千套企业软件解决方案。作为工业领域值得信任的领导者，ABB已在工业数字化领域深耕四十余年。IBM是人工智能和认知计算领域的领导者。 IBM与ABB将携手为客户创造强大的解决方案，把握第四次工业革命带来的重大机遇。” 突破性的全新解决方案 这套突破性解决方案由ABB和IBM共同开发，将为用户提供一种全新方式应对工业领域的各项重大挑战，例如加强质量控制，减少故障停工时间，提升工业流 程的速度和产量等。这些解决方案不仅具备现有互联设备的数据收集功能，还将覆盖那些利用数据进行探测、分析并采取应对措施的有认知能力的工业设备，帮助 工人消除无效流程和冗余工作。 IBM公司董事长、总裁兼首席执行官罗睿兰表示：“与ABB的重要合作将帮助Watson更加深入地参与到制造业、电力以及交通等不同领域的工业应用中 。工业企业的产品、设备和系统中产生的数据也将大幅提升创新、效率和安全。通过Watson广泛的认知能力和该平台对工业领域的特别支持，这些数量庞大 的新资源能够转化为可信赖的价值。我们热切期待与ABB在这一全新的工业领域开展合作。” 将实时认知分析带入工厂 例如，ABB和IBM将利用Watson人工智能通过实时产品图像帮助用户识别不合格产品。这些图像由ABB系统捕获后通过IBM Watson 制造业物联网（IoT for Manufacturing）进行分析。在此之前，这一产品检查流程均由人工完成，不仅速度慢还容易产生误差。通过Watson实时认知分析直接在工厂 与ABB工业自动化技术完美的结合，用户能够提高生产线产量，同时提升生产精确性和产品一致性。该解决方案能够在产品部件的组装流程中向生产者提醒一些 人眼无法识别的关键故障，从而使质量控制专家得以快速介入。这种更加简易的问题检测将提升生产线上所有产品的质量，帮助用户避免昂贵的产品召回和蒙受信 誉损失，大幅提升竞争实力。 智能电网实时认知分析 ABB与IBM将通过Watson技术，通过提取历史和天气数据，预测发电侧及需求侧的供电模式，帮助电力客户优化运营并维护智能电网，解决目前智能电 网面临的平衡传统能源与可再生能源日益复杂性的问题。气温、光照和风速的预报将会用于预测电力消费需求，帮助电力客户决定最佳负荷管理及实时电价。 关于 IBM 欲了解IBM的更多信息，请访问www.ibm.com/iot 和 www.ibm.com/internet-of-things/iot-solutions/iot-manufacturing，或者关注IBM Twitter 账号@IBMIoT。 ABB（ABBN: SIX Swiss Ex）是全球电气产品、机器人及运动控制、工业自动化和电网领域的技术领导企业，致力于帮助电力、工业、交通和基础设施等行业客户提高业绩。基于超过1 25年的创新历史，ABB正在不断地推动能源革命和第四次工业革命，谱写行业数字化的未来。ABB集团业务遍布全球100多个国家，雇员达13.2万。 ABB在中国拥有研发、制造、销售和工程服务等全方位的业务活动，40家本地企业，1.7万名员工遍布于139个城市，线上和线下渠道覆盖全国300多 个城市。 欲进一步了解ABB，请访问http://new.abb.com/cn，新浪微博：@ABB中国，官方微信：abb_in_china，官方微信二维 码： 100 上一篇：ABB参展2017年汉诺威工业博览会：展示数字时代如何为客户创造价值 下一篇：ABB书写高压直流技术新篇章 Search _________________ [BUTTON Input] (not implemented)__ [_] News only * Rate this page positive negative Thank you for your feedback! 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焦点话题 人工智能也成风口，创业公司如何与大公司竞争？ 2016年11月8日 567 分享 如果 VR/AR 是之前一到两年资本届的宠儿，那么人工智能行业成为了以今年开始的这个时间节点的新宠，我们将其称之为节点是因为在这个行业早就有长期耕耘学术研究的机 构，也有最新涌入的硬件创业者，重点是创投圈的密切关注，这几个元素给这个行业添了一把火。 从智能机器 AlphaGo 击败人类李世石开始，人工智能（AI）行业进入了一个新的节点。 人工智能行业是一个相对技术，讲究硬实力的行业，我们大概可以看到的是这样的一种趋势——在过去一段时间，我们的硬件计算能力大幅的提高，工程算法也在 不断优化，重点是价格不断下降，这让 AI 有机会快速进入到我们的生活。 机器人一样的 AI 离我们还有多远？ 或许这并不妨碍看到一些极具有行业应用代表意义的公司，对于 AI 来说，垂直领域的应用解决的是更细分的问题、更刚需的问题，细分领域有没有机会突围成更大的平台，大公司对于 AI 的理解同创业公司有什么样的区别？如何正确地看待 AI？ ai1 在 PingWest 品玩 HAY!16 大会现场，华创资本合伙人熊伟铭、智齿科技联合创始人龙中武、有调科技创始人廖若雪、爱因科技创始人王守崑以及 Kavout 联合创始人及 CEO 吕晴进行了一场主题为《离钱最近的人工智能应用行业》的圆桌对话。 AI 与场景的结合 领域不同，AI 技术所支持的方向也不太相同，大体上业内的看法是 AI 提供的是辅助的作用。 从产品形态来看，智齿科技和爱因科技所提供的产品是现在很流行的人机对话，有调科技和 Kavout 的产品属于基于大数据的个性推荐范畴。 谈及公司与 AI 行业的渊源，龙中武认为，” 我们的团队做的产品是服务 B 端的用户，做的过程中大量服务的问题会产生，这个过程本身会消耗非常多的人力资源，消耗大量的成本，所以我们需要用技术降低成本。” ” 是不是可以做一个 Bot 解决这些问题？后来就顺着这条路，想着是不是可以做更多，做机器人学习、自我成长、场景优化，这样一点点走过来。” 爱因科技提供的服务是对话机器人，使用各种人工智能服务使对话更加顺畅，服务对象是金融和偏销售的领域。王守崑认为让机器能理解人的话，跟人产生自动对 话——最有挑战的是在于让人相信机器，怎样让人相信机器呢？ 从购物角度看，廖若雪则认为消费升级里用户越来越个性化、越来越挑剔。所以能不能用机器的方式让机器实现很了解这个人的方方面面，感性的层面、理性的层 面。很好地给他推荐东西、卖给他东西。 ” 我们看股票分析领域，传统的需要大量分析师写财报，最后我们发现由机器自动撰写财经报道，甚至由机器自动做股票分析，这块在 AI 技术上有很大的发展空间。” 吕晴认为。 ” 另外一块是从财富管理行业我们也发现一个特点，传统的财富都是通过人做一对一服务，人的成本高容量低，通过互联网和技术服务我们可以极大提升容量，让普 通人享受到以前只有高端人群才能享受的财富管理业务。” 如何客观地评价 AI 机器人？ ” 从广义上讲标准答案应该是图灵，但目前还没有哪家真正有商用的东西可以做到这个水平，所以公司就要重新调整技术在业务里扮演的地位。” ai2 龙中武认为，这个阶段在技术水平和业务结合上更多还是辅助业务，更好地优化，节省成本提升效率，更大一步地扩大人均产出。 金融行业则更好理解——为了更挣钱，做更多的投资智能组合。” 我们去看传统券商，一般券商的投研部门大概有三四十个分析师，一年最多也就跟踪一百到两百支股票，但如果我们用 AI 技术来分析股票，做股票评级的话，我们基本上可以覆盖所有股票，而且成本会更低。” 吕晴说到。 而对话机器人的评判其实并没有一个客观标准，王守崑举例称——比如现在有些竞赛，你跟一个人对话多少轮，它发现你是机器人，有些能对话十几二十轮，但对 话二十轮的肯定比对话十九轮的好吗？这个事情不一定。” 标准很难客观量化衡量，这可能也是非常有意思的一点吧。” 廖若雪则认为，” 一是提高效率，一定的客服人员加上机器后能服务多少用户；二是卖东西，卖的越多，同样情况下能卖给用户更多东西，那就是更好的 AI。第三是客户满意度，不能卖了东西之后客户不满意又回来找你算账。” 创业公司与大公司的 AI 路径 一个答案是大公司和创业公司的 AI 可能并不是一回事——小公司为了解决沉淀的刚性需求，面向垂直领域；而大公司通常会开发自己的机器学习、云计算平台、通用的人工智能。 ai3 AlphaGo 对阵李世石 ” 一般大公司不会做特别小的事情，而人工智能现在在垂直领域的应用是需要慢慢磨的相对比较小的事情。电商平台应该会愿意跟我们合作，因为我们会帮它卖得更 好。” 廖若雪谈到。 龙中武则拿做客服的业务场景为例——他们会遇到一个问题，它很难真正扎到用户的业务里，把技术融合转化成符合业务的产品，这个过程是漫长而痛苦的，大厂 通常不会做这种事情，它会做更多通用性的产品。 王守崑谈到，” 整体而言肯定是大公司的技术优势更大，但具体到某个特别小的点上，未必大公司一定有非常大的优势。” ” 我们可以看很多竞赛，最后拿奖的未必是大公司，更多是一些个人或者小团队，从这个角度出发，我觉得只要能找到合适的点、合适的切入场景，小公司在 AI 上一定是有机会的。” 熊伟铭也谈到了一个作为投资方的很有趣的观点，” ‘这小事儿我们干干还可以，大事儿留给大公司干’，但从钱的角度来讲，大家（投资方）都追逐更大的计划，所以你们怎么看待小，或者小到最后能够形成的平 台型的机会到底可能出现在哪儿？” 廖若雪认为这是一个用户逐渐迭代的过程，机器人 AI 的事情从技术上来讲或者从发展上来讲都是很早期的过程，AI 做垂直领域有价值——在于垂直领域可以把你要解决的问题限制在比较小的集合里，这样你解决问题的专注度和想要解决的问题的价值也会在垂直领域凸显出来。 ” 我举个相对近的例子吧，财富管理在 2012 年时，基于智能投顾的财富管理金额大概是 0，但不到两三个月时间发展到几十亿美金，有的公司通过智能投顾管理的金额大概到 50 亿美金了，而一些大公司才刚刚启动自己的业务。即使是很小的细分领域，只要我们把这个领域做得很透彻，做到极致，我觉得小公司也有很大的机会。” 吕晴说。 AI 创业公司的选择 谈到 “AI 行业用什么角度创业，或者加入什么创业公司比较靠谱 ” 这个问题时，龙中武认为一个事物或一个商业本身是否能成功，它是受技术、商业和市场三方面影响的，如果选择加入创业团队，一定是因为它要有核心技术，如 果它有很好的资本能力，匹配的市场又是不错的，无论是加入一个团队还是自己创业，都是不错的。 吕晴则谈到的主要观点是人工智能领域的创业对技术的要求比较高。” 人工智能本身是算法驱动型，要看这个行业里有没有足够多的数据，如果没有数据，很难用算法迭代，还有就是市场的大小，如果投资人没有意见，做小而美也是 很好的选择。” ai4 另外熊伟铭也向嘉宾提出了问题——人才对于创业公司和大公司的选择？ 龙中武谈到了如何跟大厂争夺人才，” 最关键的还是看你找的那个人是谁，有些人追求在大厂里有特定领域，但其实有些人想要的更多，不断变动的挑战，能面临更多问题，对自己更好的提升跟成长， 当然也会带来很好的财富可能，还是要找到那个人，这是比较关键的。” 王守崑则认为有些人一辈子注定是要去创业的。” 创业公司能给你更好的成长，不会把你局限在一个小范围之内，而且团队合作更紧密。” ” 大家的追求不一样，我一般很简单，你去百度，你的指导人是我以前下属的下属的下属，现在你到我这儿来，你的指导人是我。” 廖若雪说到。 分享 Facebook Twitter 上一篇文章韩系车企在小型车市场“同根相煎” 下一章文章王健林：企业不赚钱就靠讲故事 是有问题的 fortunetimesadmin 相关文章更多来自该作者 日本企业集团收购优步股份 中国共享单车仍持续发展 滴滴出行获新一轮40亿美元融资 发表回复 取消回复 _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ 发表评论 产品类别 * 杂志 评分最高的产品 * 张东孝：大象无形 $18.00 * 卓盛泉： “先锋”的 天时地利人和 $18.00 * 潘继泽：选择的背后 $18.00 * 翁山淑枝：亚洲女性代表 $18.00 * 王的地产梦帝国 $18.00 订阅 [Nov_Dec-2017.jpg] 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丽智汇《轻松谈养生》 财富浪潮 与时俱进 时代财智颁发亚洲最佳房产信托大奖 时代财智颁发亚洲顶尖企业家大奖 全部最新活动过去活动重大活动 * 视频 + video 时代财智13周年庆暨亚洲顶尖企业家颁奖晚宴隆重举行 时代财智13周年庆暨亚洲顶尖企业家颁奖晚宴隆重举行 【时代丽智奖.之一】安妮塔 video 房产信托的未来：新加坡最具潜力 video 绿地金融控股董事长耿靖博士专访 全部财智特写 ____________________ 搜索 首页 商业 人工智能也成风口，创业公司如何与大公司竞争？ * 商业 * 焦点话题 人工智能也成风口，创业公司如何与大公司竞争？ 2016年11月8日 571 分享 如果 VR/AR 是之前一到两年资本届的宠儿，那么人工智能行业成为了以今年开始的这个时间节点的新宠，我们将其称之为节点是因为在这个行业早就有长期耕耘学术研究的机 构，也有最新涌入的硬件创业者，重点是创投圈的密切关注，这几个元素给这个行业添了一把火。 从智能机器 AlphaGo 击败人类李世石开始，人工智能（AI）行业进入了一个新的节点。 人工智能行业是一个相对技术，讲究硬实力的行业，我们大概可以看到的是这样的一种趋势——在过去一段时间，我们的硬件计算能力大幅的提高，工程算法也在 不断优化，重点是价格不断下降，这让 AI 有机会快速进入到我们的生活。 机器人一样的 AI 离我们还有多远？ 或许这并不妨碍看到一些极具有行业应用代表意义的公司，对于 AI 来说，垂直领域的应用解决的是更细分的问题、更刚需的问题，细分领域有没有机会突围成更大的平台，大公司对于 AI 的理解同创业公司有什么样的区别？如何正确地看待 AI？ ai1 在 PingWest 品玩 HAY!16 大会现场，华创资本合伙人熊伟铭、智齿科技联合创始人龙中武、有调科技创始人廖若雪、爱因科技创始人王守崑以及 Kavout 联合创始人及 CEO 吕晴进行了一场主题为《离钱最近的人工智能应用行业》的圆桌对话。 AI 与场景的结合 领域不同，AI 技术所支持的方向也不太相同，大体上业内的看法是 AI 提供的是辅助的作用。 从产品形态来看，智齿科技和爱因科技所提供的产品是现在很流行的人机对话，有调科技和 Kavout 的产品属于基于大数据的个性推荐范畴。 谈及公司与 AI 行业的渊源，龙中武认为，” 我们的团队做的产品是服务 B 端的用户，做的过程中大量服务的问题会产生，这个过程本身会消耗非常多的人力资源，消耗大量的成本，所以我们需要用技术降低成本。” ” 是不是可以做一个 Bot 解决这些问题？后来就顺着这条路，想着是不是可以做更多，做机器人学习、自我成长、场景优化，这样一点点走过来。” 爱因科技提供的服务是对话机器人，使用各种人工智能服务使对话更加顺畅，服务对象是金融和偏销售的领域。王守崑认为让机器能理解人的话，跟人产生自动对 话——最有挑战的是在于让人相信机器，怎样让人相信机器呢？ 从购物角度看，廖若雪则认为消费升级里用户越来越个性化、越来越挑剔。所以能不能用机器的方式让机器实现很了解这个人的方方面面，感性的层面、理性的层 面。很好地给他推荐东西、卖给他东西。 ” 我们看股票分析领域，传统的需要大量分析师写财报，最后我们发现由机器自动撰写财经报道，甚至由机器自动做股票分析，这块在 AI 技术上有很大的发展空间。” 吕晴认为。 ” 另外一块是从财富管理行业我们也发现一个特点，传统的财富都是通过人做一对一服务，人的成本高容量低，通过互联网和技术服务我们可以极大提升容量，让普 通人享受到以前只有高端人群才能享受的财富管理业务。” 如何客观地评价 AI 机器人？ ” 从广义上讲标准答案应该是图灵，但目前还没有哪家真正有商用的东西可以做到这个水平，所以公司就要重新调整技术在业务里扮演的地位。” ai2 龙中武认为，这个阶段在技术水平和业务结合上更多还是辅助业务，更好地优化，节省成本提升效率，更大一步地扩大人均产出。 金融行业则更好理解——为了更挣钱，做更多的投资智能组合。” 我们去看传统券商，一般券商的投研部门大概有三四十个分析师，一年最多也就跟踪一百到两百支股票，但如果我们用 AI 技术来分析股票，做股票评级的话，我们基本上可以覆盖所有股票，而且成本会更低。” 吕晴说到。 而对话机器人的评判其实并没有一个客观标准，王守崑举例称——比如现在有些竞赛，你跟一个人对话多少轮，它发现你是机器人，有些能对话十几二十轮，但对 话二十轮的肯定比对话十九轮的好吗？这个事情不一定。” 标准很难客观量化衡量，这可能也是非常有意思的一点吧。” 廖若雪则认为，” 一是提高效率，一定的客服人员加上机器后能服务多少用户；二是卖东西，卖的越多，同样情况下能卖给用户更多东西，那就是更好的 AI。第三是客户满意度，不能卖了东西之后客户不满意又回来找你算账。” 创业公司与大公司的 AI 路径 一个答案是大公司和创业公司的 AI 可能并不是一回事——小公司为了解决沉淀的刚性需求，面向垂直领域；而大公司通常会开发自己的机器学习、云计算平台、通用的人工智能。 ai3 AlphaGo 对阵李世石 ” 一般大公司不会做特别小的事情，而人工智能现在在垂直领域的应用是需要慢慢磨的相对比较小的事情。电商平台应该会愿意跟我们合作，因为我们会帮它卖得更 好。” 廖若雪谈到。 龙中武则拿做客服的业务场景为例——他们会遇到一个问题，它很难真正扎到用户的业务里，把技术融合转化成符合业务的产品，这个过程是漫长而痛苦的，大厂 通常不会做这种事情，它会做更多通用性的产品。 王守崑谈到，” 整体而言肯定是大公司的技术优势更大，但具体到某个特别小的点上，未必大公司一定有非常大的优势。” ” 我们可以看很多竞赛，最后拿奖的未必是大公司，更多是一些个人或者小团队，从这个角度出发，我觉得只要能找到合适的点、合适的切入场景，小公司在 AI 上一定是有机会的。” 熊伟铭也谈到了一个作为投资方的很有趣的观点，” ‘这小事儿我们干干还可以，大事儿留给大公司干’，但从钱的角度来讲，大家（投资方）都追逐更大的计划，所以你们怎么看待小，或者小到最后能够形成的平 台型的机会到底可能出现在哪儿？” 廖若雪认为这是一个用户逐渐迭代的过程，机器人 AI 的事情从技术上来讲或者从发展上来讲都是很早期的过程，AI 做垂直领域有价值——在于垂直领域可以把你要解决的问题限制在比较小的集合里，这样你解决问题的专注度和想要解决的问题的价值也会在垂直领域凸显出来。 ” 我举个相对近的例子吧，财富管理在 2012 年时，基于智能投顾的财富管理金额大概是 0，但不到两三个月时间发展到几十亿美金，有的公司通过智能投顾管理的金额大概到 50 亿美金了，而一些大公司才刚刚启动自己的业务。即使是很小的细分领域，只要我们把这个领域做得很透彻，做到极致，我觉得小公司也有很大的机会。” 吕晴说。 AI 创业公司的选择 谈到 “AI 行业用什么角度创业，或者加入什么创业公司比较靠谱 ” 这个问题时，龙中武认为一个事物或一个商业本身是否能成功，它是受技术、商业和市场三方面影响的，如果选择加入创业团队，一定是因为它要有核心技术，如 果它有很好的资本能力，匹配的市场又是不错的，无论是加入一个团队还是自己创业，都是不错的。 吕晴则谈到的主要观点是人工智能领域的创业对技术的要求比较高。” 人工智能本身是算法驱动型，要看这个行业里有没有足够多的数据，如果没有数据，很难用算法迭代，还有就是市场的大小，如果投资人没有意见，做小而美也是 很好的选择。” ai4 另外熊伟铭也向嘉宾提出了问题——人才对于创业公司和大公司的选择？ 龙中武谈到了如何跟大厂争夺人才，” 最关键的还是看你找的那个人是谁，有些人追求在大厂里有特定领域，但其实有些人想要的更多，不断变动的挑战，能面临更多问题，对自己更好的提升跟成长， 当然也会带来很好的财富可能，还是要找到那个人，这是比较关键的。” 王守崑则认为有些人一辈子注定是要去创业的。” 创业公司能给你更好的成长，不会把你局限在一个小范围之内，而且团队合作更紧密。” ” 大家的追求不一样，我一般很简单，你去百度，你的指导人是我以前下属的下属的下属，现在你到我这儿来，你的指导人是我。” 廖若雪说到。 分享 Facebook Twitter 上一篇文章韩系车企在小型车市场“同根相煎” 下一章文章王健林：企业不赚钱就靠讲故事 是有问题的 fortunetimesadmin 相关文章更多来自该作者 日本企业集团收购优步股份 中国共享单车仍持续发展 滴滴出行获新一轮40亿美元融资 发表回复 取消回复 _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ______________________________ 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北京7月21日（EFE）.-中国政府已经推出了三阶段计划到2030年，以应用这些成为人工智能（AI）领域的领导者 技术，工业，城市规划，农业，国防，报道了官方人民日报。 在战略，经国务院（执行） 它指出，生产AI-相关技术在2025年到2030年，达到22.000亿，2020年60.000亿14.7万亿元，“将中国 在这一领域及其应用的领先国家的水平。“ 据咨询公司普华永道，这个计划可能有助于在国内生产总值同比增长26％ 中国，第二大经济体。 在官方声明已经引起了科技行业非常兴奋，并已造成今天相关公司的股份 人工智能将加大对上海证券交易所1.25％，是官方的新华社报道 在最近几个月关于人工智能的消息 他们乘中国媒体，从无人驾驶汽车的发展由当地公司，如机器人和网络助手互联网搜索引擎百度的发展 类似Siri的苹果公司开发的。 相关文章 * ????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 Arsenalna?????105.5??????????????????19.. * Vattenfall?????Gamesa????3?????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ????????Vattenfall?????????????????????.. * ?????????????????????Uber?Cabify?VTC 28/11/2017 - 0 ????????????????????24????????????????V.. * ?????NH??????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ?????????????NH?????????????????2020???.. * ???????????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ???????????????????????????????????????.. * ????????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ?????????????PE????????????????????????.. * EC??12?12??????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ??????EC?????????????12?12?????????????.. * ??????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ???????????????????????????????????? ??.. 评论 0 选项 * 视图米＆aacute第一; s额定 * M＆aacute第一;古老的 * M＆aacute第一，近期小号 ? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 发送 这篇文章还没有评论！ 最受欢迎.. 今天 本星期 本月 MACROECONOMIA • 28 ʮһ 2017 ???????????????????? MACROECONOMIA • 28 ʮһ 2017 ??????????????????????? 部门一企业 • 26 ʮһ 2017 ???????????PDVSA????? 市场-FINANCE • 26 ʮ 2017 ?????????0.42? MACROECONOMIA • 28 ʮһ 2017 ???????????????????? MACROECONOMIA • 28 ʮһ 2017 ??????????????????????? 部门一企业 • 26 ʮһ 2017 ???????????PDVSA????? 市场-FINANCE • 26 ʮ 2017 ?????????0.42? MACROECONOMIA • 28 ʮһ 2017 ???????????????????? 部门一企业 • 09 ʮһ 2017 ?????????????????????????? MACROECONOMIA • 28 ʮһ 2017 ??????????????????????? 部门一企业 • 28 ʮһ 2017 ?????????????????????Uber?Cabify?VTC Divisas Índices Acciones ETF EUR/USD EURUSD=X 1.2270 +0,01 +0,58% Mercado abierto USD/CHF CHF=X 0.9627 -0,00 -0,51% Mercado abierto GBP/USD GBPUSD=X 1.3809 +0,01 +0,61% Mercado abierto USD/JPY JPY=X 110.4090 -0,53 -0,48% Mercado abierto USD/CNH CNH=X 6.4248 -0,04 -0,55% Mercado abierto USD/CAD CAD=X 1.2416 -0,00 -0,31% Mercado abierto IBEX 35 ^IBEX 10467.20 +4,80 +0,05% Mercado cerrado IBEX MEDIUM.. INDC.MC 15471.60 +84,90 +0,55% Mercado cerrado IBEX SMALL .. 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( 登入 | 注册 ) 手机网站 | 整体网站 [English] | 版权和恕不受理 | 规定与条件 | 保密政策 © 2008 版权所有。先锋出版私人有限公司。  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 新闻 新加坡 我国拨1.5亿元推动人工智能发展 2017年5月4日 星期四 03:30 AM文/陈劲禾, 苏德铭来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的 使用，提高生产力、创造新产品。 我国将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、研究机构、起步公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识、制造有用的工具，以及培养人才，以把握数码经济的增长 机遇。 新加坡国立研究基金会推出“新加坡全国人工智能核心”（AI.SG）计划，结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的使用。 通讯及新闻部长雅国博士昨日在创新科技展（Innovfest Unbound）的开幕仪式上致词时，宣布上述消息。 未来五年，国立研究基金会将为AI.SG拨款1亿5000万元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 计划的宗旨有三：解决社会与行业面对的问题，如交通与人口老化；投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；在业界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高 生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工技能方案的商业化。初步目标是在五年内促成100项这类方案，并会先着重于城市管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 雅国博士举例说，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境（augmented reality），让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加强医护人员的培训。 成立联合平台 推动数据科技应用 与企业合作方面，AI.SG将举办交流活动与编程马拉松（hackathon），同企业乃至个人一起为现实生活中的问题寻找解决方案。 另外，它将营造一个创客空间（makerspace），通过共用资源与设施，促进人工智能相关企业与个人之间的交流与合作。 雅国昨天也宣布成立“新加坡数据科学联合平台”（Singapore Data Science Consortium），促进业界、高等学府及研究中心的数据科学研究，推动数据科技的应用。 他说：“人工智能与数据科学都是新加坡政府要创建及把握的前沿科技。长远来看，有关的投资将为所有国人增加经济机会。” AI.SG管理委员会由政府机构、研究机构及业界代表组成，新加坡国立大学常务副校长（研究与科技）兼陈振传百年纪念教授何德华担任执行主席。他也领导 新加坡数据科学联合平台。 何德华受访时说，希望国人不要过于担心人工智能会取代人类，减少就业机会。他说：“我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被 人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 昨日于滨海湾金沙举行的创新科技展吸引了1万多名与会者，以及350家科技业者参展。 其中，参展的智能复健起步公司FlexoSense发明了一种压力感应器，可安装在糖尿病患者的鞋垫上，测量病患是否在脚底的溃疡处施加过多的压力。 若情况控制不当，糖尿病足部溃疡可导致截肢，本地每五名截肢的病患就有一人于一年内死亡。 公司联合创办人谢丽萍受访时说，感应器的使用普及后，收集到的数据可通过人工智能进一步发展成预测溃疡发作可能性的科技，好让医护人员及时提供预防溃疡 的意见。 她说：“一些医院已对我们的科技表示兴趣。它们都说，这个科技将颠覆目前的作业方式。” (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 人工智能产业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.25% (165 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.34% (125 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.47% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.95% (130 votes) Total votes: 815 * 更多 最新阅读 * 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 * 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 * 女邻被狗咬 指狗主拒赔 狗主：警调查中 * 全身73%烧伤 工人毁容不丧志 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 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饮者将每一次品尝葡萄酒后的味道记录在人工智能软件里，从不停累积的数据建立饮者的品味模型。（Docurbs提供） 　　人工智能软件记录并分析消费者的品酒喜好，这些数据可用在建立饮者类别的感官模型，让生产商洞悉哪些味道刺激饮者感官。然而，人工智能无法预测一瓶 葡萄酒的成长结果，机器也无法取代专业侍酒师的味蕾，以及传达品酒文化。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 咖啡店里的洋“香肠先生” * 杜南发：字在自在 * 梅筠：取舍 * 野生 未被驯服的 内在人性 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.32% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.42% (126 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.35% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.91% (130 votes) Total votes: 817 * 更多 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 2017城市小贩美食 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 免费精选 * 电子报 * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobao-logo.svg] [zaobao-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * 订户首页 * 新加坡 * 中国 * 国际 * 东南亚 * 财经 * 体育 * 言论 * 早报现在 * 娱乐 [zaobao-logo-zao.svg] * ZShop 集品店 全新中小企业资讯网 直播 视频 深夜好读 生活补给站 完成一个梦 我是小某某 首页 财经 新加坡财经 语音辨识数据分析 未来银行拥抱人工智能 2017年10月19日 星期四 03:30 AM文/周文龙来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 1967年，瑞士银行（UBS）在苏黎世分行推出了欧洲大陆的首台自动提款机。 这台结合银行服务与科技发展的机器，在当时引起人们巨大关注，有一家媒体记者还以半认真半开玩笑的口吻说，瑞银的自动提款器需要花7万多法郎（约1万7 000新元）来装置，有多少家庭负担得起这笔昂贵的装置费呢？ (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能产业 银行业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.32% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.42% (126 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.35% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.91% (130 votes) Total votes: 817 * 更多 最新阅读 * 金融业纠纷调解中心 接获投诉减少18％ * 集团董事经理陈怀丹： 新海逸要抓住进场购地好时机 * 了解债券到期日与票息率 * 海峡时报指数 ST Index 圣诞特辑2017 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 人工智能 人工智能 杨澜：人工智能不会取代人类智能 中国著名资深媒体人杨澜为纪录片《探寻人工智能》，走访20多个城市，采访80多位专家。在探索旅程结束时，她认为人类智能多元丰富，人工智能要在这部 分理解和运用自如，说不定永远也不会发生。 15/01/2018 (Submit) (Submit) 马化腾： 破解网络登录验证码 中国团伙技术水平领先全球 15/01/2018 南大虚拟导师系统让医学生获针对性指导 08/01/2018 虚拟实境让理工生熟悉业界新科技 08/01/2018 王元丰：教育如何应对人工智能等挑战 28/12/2017 谷歌在北京设人工智能研究中心 14/12/2017 国际 复杂的时代 最需要“复杂”的紫色？ 08/12/2017 专栏 阿果：不失浮萍之轻盈 29/11/2017 美国智库：中国人工智能技术 五年内可能追上美国 29/11/2017 新加坡 字述一年 2017：智 21/11/2017 国际 英国公路四年内将出现无人驾驶车 20/11/2017 * 更多 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 (BUTTON) ╳ ____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png]  IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TSZLSBR * * * * * * 用户登录订阅每日速递 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 国际版 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 早房 * 品牌解码 * 商讯 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 每日速递 * * * * * * * * * [zaobaosg-logo-tagline.svg] [zaobaosg-logo-white.svg] (BUTTON) [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 + 新加坡 + 国际 + 中港台 + 东南亚 + 体育 * 娱乐 + 明星 + 影视 + 音乐 + 韩流 + 送礼 * 生活 + 美食 + 时尚 + 美容 / 保健 + 旅游 + 汽车与科技 + 文化与艺术 + 生活补给站 + 热门 + 生活贴士 + 专栏 + 深夜好读 + 星座运程 * 财经 + 即时 + 新闻 + 投资理财 + 房产 + 中小企业 + 财经人物 + 企业热讯 + 新加坡股市 * 言论 + 社论 + 评论 + 想法 + 交流站 * 专题 * 视频 + 新闻 + 娱乐 + 生活 + 直播 * 商讯 + 重庆 + 常州 * Z-平台 + ZShop 集品店 + 早房 + 豪宅房产 + 品牌解码 + 政谈 [zaobaosg-logo-zao.svg] * 我是小某某 完成一个梦 直播 全新中小企业资讯网 * 新加坡 国际 中国 财经 * 让你看见未来 * * * 影视 * 韩流 * ZShop 集品店 生活补给站 深夜好读 危险实验 美食 时尚 旅游 美容 / 保健 汽车与科技 文化与艺术 星座运程 * 早晚好心情 * 视频 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 直播 * 首页 言论 想法 吴汉钧：人工智能与大失业时代降临 2017年6月4日 星期日 04:30 AM文/吴汉钧来自/新加坡新加坡›联合早报 国际漫游 去年到北欧自驾看北极光。在挪威北部城市特罗姆瑟，所有停车场无人看管，收费机器只收信用卡。加油站没有服务员，司机自行刷卡添油。纳尔维克市的列车站 没有站长和服务员，只有几个轨道维修工人和一个旅游局人员。乘客以信用卡在售票机买票，火车到站自行上车下车。虽然没有出现机器人提供服务的场景，但全 自动化运作的背后，是相当完善的智能操作系统。 近日，阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）三战完胜世界排名第一的围棋高手柯洁，让人工智能将取代人类的热点话题再度发酵。许多有识之士早已视人工智能为洪水 猛兽。他们认为，人工智能有朝一日会控制和消灭它们的造物主。 不少经济学家也认为，人工智能将促使就业市场走向不可持续的未来。英国牛津大学学者卡尔·弗雷（Carl Benedikt Frey）和迈克尔·奥斯本（Michael A. Osborne）仔细研究了美国就业市场702种工作电脑化的可行性。他们在2013年发表的研究报告指出，有47%的工作将在未来10年至20年内被 人工智能取代。高失业风险的工作包括交通和物流、办公室与行政支援、生产线、服务业等，冲击较小的是需要创意和社交能力的工作，如学校教师、服装设计师 、导游等。 将近一半的工作在20年内将由人工智能代劳，我们无疑将迎来人类史上的大失业时代。 将会被人工智能取代的工作，就包括新闻报道，人工智能可以把文告和财经数据改写成新闻。现在谷歌翻译的准确度已相当高，很快就能担当翻译或口译的工作。 司机很有可能在10年内被人工智能取代，汽车、公共巴士、货运车会像地铁系统般完全自动化。 不过，就像工业革命终结了旧工作、制造了新工作，人工智能革命也会如此。在电脑出现以前，数学计算须要靠很多人来完成；计算机和电脑出现以后，取代了计 算人员的工作，但也创造了对程序人员的需求。电脑和互联网帮助企业壮大，间接制造了更多其他就业机会。人工智能时代制造的新工作，可能是现在我们想象不 到的，也不会怀念失去的旧工作。今天，谁还会怀念洗衣机出现之前的洗衣工作呢？ 不容否认的是，社会上仍会有一大群人将失去工作和收入。人们没钱买东西，消费需求降低，经济增长将失去动力。另一方面，财富将进一步集中在大量使用人工 智能的资本家手里，社会贫富差距进一步扩大，经济成为富人俱乐部的活动。政府和经济学家要开始思考，如何确保人们失去工作，但仍保持最低消费力。去年， 瑞士公决“全民基本收入”制度，全民无条件每月领取2500瑞士法郎（约3600新元），在某种程度上就是为这种大失业时代做准备；公投最终不获通过。 今年，芬兰开展一项为期两年的社会实验，2000名失业者每月将获得560欧元（约870新元）的“无条件基本收入”。没工作而有基本收入的人，能否继 续对社会作出贡献，两年后或许能看出一些端倪。 工作除了为工资，也满足心理需求。根据心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的理论，工作可以满足人类自我实现和自我超越的心理需求。当人们不再工作时，这种心理需 求无法获得满足，家庭与社会面貌将产生何种变化？当然，从另一个角度来说，当人们不再为三餐奔波，就有时间从事自己真正热爱的事情，更好地实现自我和超 越自我。 （作者是本报评论员　nghk@sph.com.sg） (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 热词 : 人工智能 失业 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 最新阅读 * 叶鹏飞：“屎工”、聪明人与多能鄙事 * 何惜薇：非关有心或无意 * 杨萌：加把劲分享健康记录 * 黄伟曼：当读书人遇到船夫 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.32% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.42% (126 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.35% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.91% (130 votes) Total votes: 817 * 更多 早晚全新数码版 一带一路 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 视频 * 国际版 * 订户专区 * 电子报 * 订阅 * 每日速递 * 关于我们 * 关注我们 * 联络我们 * 广告联络 * 商讯 * 早房 * 政谈 热线 * 新加坡报业控股总机63196319 * 订阅热线63883838 * 早报网广告联系63198611 * 早报新闻热线1800-7418383 关注我们 * * * * * * * 报业控股网站 * 网络条款 * 隐私政策 * 个人资料保护 * 全检索 * 报业控股数码新闻 * 亚洲网 * 海峡时报 * 商业时报 新加坡报业控股版权所有（公司登记号：198402868E） 提醒：新加坡网络业者若未经许可，擅自引用本网内容将面对法律行动。 第三方公司可能在早报网站宣传他们的产品或服务。不过您跟第三方公司的任何交易与早报网站无关，早报网将不会对可能引起的任何损失负责。 在中国的用户请游览 zaobao.com 为了享有更好的电子报阅读体验，请下载应用 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品，它会答话，甚至可以优化计算行走路径，遇到电梯人多时能主动避让。右图是另一款能和人对答的机器人，它还会背诗、唱歌、自我介绍，目前已在银行、酒 店、商场大堂提供迎宾、导购等服务。（互联网∕孟丹丹摄） 人口红利逐渐消退，传统产业亟待升级换代，进入新常态的中国经济急需找寻新的增长引擎。在刚刚兴起的全球人工智能第三次热潮中，中国希望凭借海量的数据 、充裕的资金，以及基础数学领域的人才优势，抢占人工智能发展先机。受访业内人士认为，大数据、大市场，以及可观的人才储备，都让中国有机会在人工智能 领域实现换道超车。不过，中国人工智能在数据互联互通和高端人才的补给上仍有欠缺；此外，官方公共数据的开放程度，行业数据库的联通性及行业规范的形成 ，也备受关注。业内人士警告，中国需要尽快建立行业规范，以防技术漏洞滋生出安全隐患。 (BUTTON) 登录 (BUTTON) 免费试阅14天 (BUTTON) 开始订阅 请LIKE我们的官方面簿网页以获取更多新信息 [icon_newspost_cn_new.png] [icon_newsmine_cn_new.png] ‹ › × 1 热门 * 单日 * 一周 一年没戏动向引猜疑 瑞恩长假放不完？ 三女子公共场所赤裸裸 遭警方逮捕 人行道遮盖改了 过马路不怕淋雨 无业汉潜庙偷窃被发现 庙祝喉被压碎致死 一杯热水四角 顾客：太离谱 读者投票 更多 天气近期变幻莫测，你如何应对？(2018年1月13日开始投票) Choices (_) 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 (_) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 (_) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 (_) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 投票 出门一定带雨具和额外衣物 20.32% (166 votes) 天气忽冷忽热，会多注意身体 15.42% (126 votes) 尽量躲室内，不要在外头 48.35% (395 votes) 没影响，热带气候就是如此 15.91% (130 votes) Total votes: 817 * 更多 最新阅读 * 第三名落马中共军委副主席？ 传范长龙被立案审查 * 谷歌主页纪念“汉语拼音之父”周有光 * 第四次担任市长 唐良智肩负撬动重庆转型发展重任 * 相撞逾一周后油船爆炸沉没 32船员均遇难 项目 * 首页 * 即时 * 新闻 * 娱乐 * 生活 * 财经 * 言论 * 专题 * 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SME专访 * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share on Google+ * Share on LinkedIn * Share on WhatsApp 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 By 李蕙心 Lianhe Zaobao 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 贤能集团董事经理林隆田认为，现在的社会讲究数据分析，因此公司须要自动化数码技术的帮助，推动业务发展。 贤能集团 利用人工智能提高客服素质 20 Oct 2017 - 03:30 贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，公司积极利用数码科技，包括采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 房地产管理不再只是单纯出租空间和收租，而是要迎合市场潮流和需求改变经营模式，包括采用数码科技。贤能集团（LHN Group）计划采用聊天软件和人工智能，为客户提供更好的服务。 成立于1991年的贤能集团是本地房地产管理业的领头羊，在这个讲究数码化科技的时代，公司也积极在运作上采用多种数码技术，其中一项就是利用人工智能 提高客户服务素质。 通过聊天软件 提供咨询服务 贤能集团董事经理林隆田接受联合早报访问时说，公司发现越来越多人喜欢用手机聊天软件，他们宁愿发短信询问也不愿打热线电话，公司于是在数月前开始通过 手机聊天软件为客户提供咨询服务。 “客户对这项新服务的反应非常热烈，以致于我们决定在公司网站上添加聊天机器人（chatbot）功能，利用人工智能技术来回答客户的询问。这项服务预 计会在六个月内推出。” 聊天机器人表面上看来只能为客户解答疑问，但其实还可延伸出更多功能，甚至可能为公司带来更多生意，关键在于大数据科技。 林隆田指出，每位首次联系公司询问的人都是潜在的客户，他们同聊天机器人对话时输入的基本资料如姓名、所属公司和联络方式，都可存入公司电脑系统中。系 统就会自动为询问者开设资料档，方便公司销售人员联络。 如果是现有客户或较早前向聊天机器人查询的人，只要输入名字或公司名称，系统就会调阅出之前存档的资料，就能延续之前的咨询服务。公司计划在半年到一年 内推出这项服务。 他说：“数码技术不仅能帮你整理资料，最重要的是它能帮你输入资料。输入资料是很繁琐的工作，会加重员工的负担。以前是把资料写在本子里，是非常直接简 单的事，但要输入电脑又要多一重工作。现在的社会讲究数据分析，把资料存档并进行比对，所以我们须要这类自动化数码技术的帮助。” 公司也计划把这项技术用在涉及大量数字的财务管理工作，以节省人工输入数据的时间。 公司的销售人员也随身携带平板电脑与客户接洽，客户在签约时可直接在平板电脑上签名，接着就会收到合同的电子版本。销售人员再也不用携带多份打印好的合 同外出，更免去了把合同放入文件夹存档的麻烦。 大胆谨慎地向外扩张 政府呼吁本地企业走出国门，公司在2013年便把事业版图扩大到海外，如今在印度尼西亚、缅甸和中国都有业务。公司采取“大胆且谨慎”的策略，一步步地 向外扩张。 林隆田解释，“大胆”指的是要勇于开拓新市场，“谨慎”则是要在经营海外业务时密切留意营业情况，以避免出现亏损，因此扩张速度将是缓慢稳健的。 自2015年在新加坡交易所上市的贤能集团，今年已是第三次获颁金字品牌奖。能持续获奖意味着公司稳健发展，而要长期良好经营，有赖于公司采取的“灵活 应变”策略。 林隆田说，公司积极掌握业界发展趋势并及时调整营业模式和服务形式。 “在以往，我们接触的大多租户是中小企业，现在则有许多起步公司。这些公司的经营方式不同，我们必须进一步了解他们的业务，才能创造适合他们的产品。再 也不只是找一些办公空间，然后等租户来租。你必须主动去了解市场，而不是闭门造车，然后等着市场买单。” 公司于是从五年前开始便推出多项新服务，如服务办公室（serviced office）、服务公寓、工作与仓储（Work Plus Store，简称WPS）空间服务和个人仓储（self storage）。 培训是栽培人才重要一环 一家公司要顺利运作，还要靠职员的努力和贡献。林隆田认为，在对待职员方面，要给予信任和一定的决策权，让他们有机会学习新事物。在人才选拔上，公司看 重的是对方要努力好学的态度。 “只要他肯学而且有发展潜力，我们愿意提供培训，我认为培训是栽培人才的重要一环。” 贤能集团今年获颁“悠久品牌奖”，这不是该集团首次获得金字品牌奖，对公司而言，再度获奖不仅是一种认可，也鼓励它继续努力去打造强有力的品牌。林隆田 曾经说过，他对“贤能”这个品牌的目标是：“希望人们想要租用商业和工业空间时，就会想到我们。” 新闻电邮速递 用电邮注册加入我们的 新闻电邮速递，了解最新的中小企业相关新闻、意见及活动。 ____________________________________________________________ 你是中小企业老板吗？* (_) 是 (_) 否 [_] 我已经阅读并同意接受 隐私权条规* (注册) 注册 * 必填字段 More Stories ZB_0112_CJ_doc6ycpiw2qfc419e4hjjiu_121741391_lownc.jpg 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 王汜雄沈与悦乐 整合业务迎战新经济 　　明眼看名商 整合，基本上是把分散的资源和各不相同的方法进行有序的调度、组合、配置，从而收到最佳效果。 　　在经济全球化的过程中，整合不仅是挑战，也是机遇，许多现代商业高手就是运用这种整合的方法取得良好效果。 ZB_0114_CJ_doc6ycprbja4jk16zenom88_12155205_limsp.jpg 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 SME专访 Jan 14, 2018 残障者行动自如的咖啡馆 　　在新科大的这家咖啡馆，是本地数一数二为特需者而设的。由新科大学生设计的厨房与用餐环境，为特需者创造就业机会，也为残障人士上咖啡馆提供有利的 元素。 ZB_0112_CJ_doc6y90mebcjpk1aq5pb4ur_11193754_fangkai.jpg 兄弟追梦共创业 SME专访 Jan 12, 2018 兄弟追梦共创业 　　陈顺麟自小喜欢绘画和缝纫，尤其钟爱礼服和晚装这类华丽服饰。三年多前决定放弃从事了20多年的平面设计工作，2016年跟当化妆师的哥哥一起开婚 纱店，圆了服装设计的梦。 an SPH Website * StraitsTimes * The BusinessTimes * Lianhe Zaobao * Lianhe Wanbao * Shin Min Daily News * The SME Magazine * RSS Feed * RSS Feed * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus To subscribe to any of our products visit www.sphsubscription.com.sg or call +63 6388 3838 * 最新消息 * SME专访 * 老板生意经 * 专家讲堂 * SME百宝箱 * 奖项 + 新加坡金字品牌奖 + 新加坡邻里企业之星 * 敢敢问 * 活动 * AsiaOne * Lianhe Wanbao * SGCarMart * STProperty * Berita Harian * ShareInvestor * The Straits Times * BTINVEST * OMY * STCars * Tabla * The Business Times * The New Paper * STClassifieds * Tamil Murasu * Hardwarezone * RAZORTV * STOMP * Zaobao * 关于我们 * 联络我们 * 协助 * 广告联络 * 网络条款 * 资料保护 * 报业控股数码新闻 © 2017 Singapore Press Holdings Ltd. Co. Regn No. 198402868E #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this 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Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. The... * Business Development Executive Hiring Business Development Executive, please email to [email protected] * Recent Posts * Forum Topics * About QRInno and Platform + About QRInno + Why Choose QRInno? + Vision, Mission and Value + Experience and Development + Contact us * Industrial Partnership + Industrial Partnership + Product Lifecycle Management + Recruitment and Employment + Terms of Use + Privacy Policy * Our Services + Our Services + Online Service Delivery Model + Offline Service Delivery Model + Help & Support Copyright © 2014 QRInno Pte. Ltd. #Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » Feed Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter » 评论Feed Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure alternate alternate * Chinese 中文 Competence and Engagement Center - We make Robot Smarter Smarter Workforce - Predictive Data Analytic ____________________ * Home * Search Jobs * Industrial Projects * Competence Center + Development Services + Solution Architecture + Hybrid Hosting Management + Quality and Security Management + Engineering and Facility Resource Management + Integrated Embedded System Management * Solutions + QRInno On-Demand Engineering Middleware + Project Management Solution + Robotic Command Center Solution + Solutions Partners * Innolink + Industrial Partners + News Updates + Lab Support and Referral Events 什么样的工作不会被人工智能抢走？ [c1b4bc8125967ba6.png] 近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的工作 是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人(20.220, -0.13, -0.64%)，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵 机器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做 很多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。（王蔚） 　　近年来，人工智能发展越来越快，先后在围棋、扑克等领域战胜顶尖人类。人工智能还开始在新闻、交易、球探等领域取代人类，这让不少人开始担心自己的 工作是否会受到人工智能的威胁。那么人工智能是否真的会对人类就业造成威胁呢？ 　　目前为止，就业主要在三个领域，即农业、工业和服务业。早期人类社会以农业为主，工业和服务业非常少。经过工业革命后，大部分务农的人员进入到工业 和服务业中，但从事服务业的人口仍然数量很少。近几十年发达国家的工业人口开始减少，服务业大幅扩张。据统计2010年的美国就业人口中，仅有2%的人 从事农业，20%的人从事工业而从事服务业的占78%。 　　这个过程和科技发展有着密切的关系，早期人类没有发达的科技，除了人力本身，人类仅仅能够利用牲畜的体力，想要获得足够的食物，必须投入大量的人口 务农。随着发动机的出现和发展，人类能够更有效地利用化石能源帮助自己改造世界，这时体力就不是工作的主要需求了，当一个农民能轻易调动比自己力气大数 十倍的机器人，就有大量的人口富裕出来从事工业。在这个阶段，人类虽然发明出各种机器，但是这些机械还都需要人类事无巨细的控制，只有足够的工人操纵机 器才能保证机器生产出恰当的产品。随着自动化的出现和发展，先进的机器不再需要那么多人控制了，这部分人转而进入了服务业，因为尽管机器这时已经能做很 多事情了，但是它们的认知能力较低，无法满足服务业中的种种需求。 　　但是这种情况随着人工智能的不断进步，逐渐开始改变了。目前机器的记忆、计算能力已经超过了人类，在认知能力上，也在逐渐超过人类。尽管很多人相信 总有机器无法超过人类的领域并提出自己的假设，但这些领域却在不停地被机器攻破。 　　上世纪80年代的人们会拿国际象棋为例，证明机器有人类无法超过的领域，但是到了1996年，IBM的“深蓝”就可以完胜人类中的顶尖高手了。客观 的讲“深蓝”利用了大量人类的器具策略，但这一情况也在不断的改变。去年谷歌的AlphaGo在于世界顶尖围棋高手李世石的对战中，就使用了很多人类棋 手从来不曾采用的策略。 　　去年出租车行业也发生了巨变，其根源也在于算法的进步，先进的算法大大减少了司机的管理人数，淘汰了旧行业中的部分员工。与此同时顶尖租车公司也在 研究自动驾驶技术，以期有一天用自动驾驶取代司机，到那个时候，租车行业中的就业人数将少得可怜，大部分收入将进入少数控制公司的人手中。 　　当人工智能在一个又一个领域中战胜人类，也许你会想，艺术可能会是人类独有的，人工智能无法取代人类的领域。但加州大学的一位音乐教授已经开发出一 款人工智能，他能模仿巴赫的风格，将它的作品在音乐节上播出后，也受到了观众热烈的反响。该人工智能还随后学会了如何模仿贝多芬、肖邦等作曲家，甚至还 和唱片公司签约并发行了唱片。该程序的升级版是基于机器学习的，它会随着新的音乐输入不断发展新的音乐风格，甚至开始探索其他的艺术形式。 　　说了这么多人工智能超越人类的领域，也许会让人觉得丧气，但人工智能的不断进步也将带来新的职业。那么作为个人该如何在这样的未来中奋斗呢？显然之 前的学习期/工作期的人生规划已经不再适用了，想要不被淘汰，只能不停的学习，同时与高新科技联系越紧密越好，毕竟当一个新技术出现时，如果你是哪个为 数不多的专家，那么你的竞争力会非常强。 * Previous story Listen to Monzo founder on building a ‘smart’ bank, fintech bubble, and turning down acquisition offer * Next story The value of venture capital investors and the importance of physical infrastructure * RSS Social Business + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept Mit dem D-BUSINESS Shop Concept bleiben Sie im höchsten […] + D-BUSINESS Webshop Concept D-BUSINESS® Shop creates an environment where the featu […] * RSS Tech Update + A cartoon for these tech times… Read More Natasha Lomas + Yesojo’s Nintendo Switch projector dock is a dream accessory The Yesojo Nintendo Switch projector dock got a lot of […] Darrell Etherington * RSS 科技发展 + 也许，CES 该离开拉斯维加斯了 作为科技和创新的年度盛会，CES 已经大到拉斯维加斯无法承受。从上世纪 70 年代末开始，拉斯维加斯就一直是 […] John Biggs + Y Combinator 推出生命科学项目 YC Bio Y Combinator 今天揭开其最新实验项目 YC Bio 的神秘面纱。Y Combinator 总裁萨 […] Megan Rose Dickey * Showcases + QRInno Gallery + Showcases + Social Business Workforce Customization * Industrial + Recent Posts + Most Popular + Comments + Tags + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Projects of the Week, January 15, 201815/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going14/01/2018 + [tabs-thumb.jpg] Three EECS professors join leadership team13/01/2018 + Aside Design * RSS Developers + Smarter is: Putting renewable energy on the map Vestas Wind Systems of Aarhus, Denmark uses IBM InfoSph […] + Smarter is: Saving minds, saving lives Columbia University Medical Center's Neuro-ICU use […] * RSS Cloud News + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * RSS Entrepreneur + Video: Talking with your customers about the cloud Hear from IBM experts about how IBM is empowering migra […] + IBM Cloud is "Open for Business"...Now more than ever Learn why IBM Business Partners are essential to IBM Cl […] * Partner Site + Chinese 中文 Startup * London proptech startup Goodlord appoints LoveFilm co-founder William Reeve as CEO [media-image.jpg] London ‘proptech’ startup Goodlord, which offers cloud-based software to help estate agents, landlords and... * Brit + Co had a round of layoffs this month as part of a ‘reorganization’ [unspecified-12.jpg] Brit + Co laid off some employees earlier this month as part of a... * Blocks hopes to court enterprise customers with its modular smartwatch [dscf3909.jpg] As we noted earlier this week, the mere fact that Blocks was able to... * The secret to avoiding CES cynicism is never really going [crowd-signage-two-lg.jpg] I’ve been going to CES for almost ten years now, and it amazes me... * Irish startup SoapBox Labs is building speech recognition tech for kids [soapboxlabs-50.jpg] Irish startup SoapBox Labs is on a mission to create what it calls “the... * Hulu announces April release date for The Handmaid’s Tale [handmaidstale.jpg] Hulu on Friday released the first images of the next season of The Handmaid’s... * Here’s what it’s like to ride in Byton’s new Concept SUV [byton-147a1150.jpg] Byton’s electric concept car wowed at CES, and for good reason. The SUV has... * Peer-to-peer real estate marketplace Homie wants to replace your realtor with a bot [gettyimages-200066800-001-1.jpg] Just a few weeks ago I was in Utah for the holidays, spending time... * Nuheara’s voice amplifying earbuds offer customizable hearing profiles [dscf3871.jpg] Nuheara’s new IQBuds Boost headphones exist in a a strange sort of in-between spot.... * Y Combinator is launching a biotech track [tcdisrupt_sf17_samaltman-3383.jpg] Y Combinator is pulling the curtains off of a new experiment, YC Bio. 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Ltd. 8频道新闻及时事节目 8频道新闻及时事节目 Channel 8 News & Current Affairs * 新闻 * 专题报道 * 时事节目 ____________________ 搜寻 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 目录 * Facebook * Twitter * Google + * Instragram * Weibo * RSS * 958FM 城市频道 新闻 * 首页 * 即时 * 新加坡 * 国际 * 财经 * 流行时尚 * 热门 * 直播室 * 晨光第一线 * 视频 * 相册 * 你来爆料 * 新闻主播 * 免费APP下载 * 存档 专题报道 * 专题报道 * 流行挖哇WOW * 科技一点通 * 总统选举2017 * 第29届东南亚运动会 * 2017年国庆群众大会 * 2017年国庆庆典 * 本地兹卡病情 * 奥斯曼渥 Othman Wok * 2017年财政预算案 * 新加坡国会 * 美国总统选举2016 * 前总统纳丹 * 奥运2016 * 武吉巴督区补选 * 建国总理李光耀 * 新加坡大选 时事节目 * 时事节目 * 狮城有约 * 星期二特写 * 财经追击 * 焦点 * 前线追踪 * 世界一周 * 点看预算案 * 有话要说 * 特备节目 * 一家都不能少 * 时事主持 目录 首页 国际 医学资讯：日本利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症 2017年9月25日 07:29 * A * A+ * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More 本地每年平均500名糖尿病病患 因心脏衰竭入院 （照片：Reuters） * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 医学资讯： 日本研发出利用人工智能预测糖尿病并发症的系统。 《共同社》引述日本藤田保健卫生大学和第一生命保险公司的消息说，系统能预测糖尿病患者半年后是否会出现严重并发症。 研究小组为这套人工智能系统输入了同糖尿病有关的约2千500万部论文和13万2千名糖尿病等患者的电子病历、营养指导等记录，以进行预测。系统的准确 率可达百分之71。 研究人员认为，系统有助于病人在症状出现前，根据预测结果改变营养的摄取等，来对抗疾病。 - 958/JE * Facebook * Twitter * * Facebook * Twitter * × Copy Link: Click link to Select + Copy ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 更多新闻 分享 * Facebook * Twitter * LinkedIn * Google Plus * Weibo * WhatsApp * Email * Print * More * 关于我们 * 联络方式 * 隐私声明 * 使用条例 * 免费APP下载 * RSS Feed * ____________________ (Search) SUBSCRIBE: Free email newsletter ____________________ Go! Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. 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Marketing * News * Features * Events * Jobs * Print Toggle Topics ____________________ (Search) TOPICS THIS WEEK * Marketing * Media * Digital * Social * Mobile * People * Agencies * Advertising * Direct Marketing * PR OTHERS * All Markets + All Markets + Singapore + Hong Kong + Malaysia + China + Australia + Canada + Europe + Global + India + Indonesia + Japan + Korea + Macau + New York + New Zealand + Philippines + Sri Lanka + Taiwan + Thailand + UK + Vietnam * Subscribe * Tip Off FOLLOW US ON About Us Contact Us Content Policy Advertise With Us Privacy Policy User Agreement Ad Space Article Baidu Tags DigitalMobileOnline Author Details 10/02/2017 Fri 14:21 in China by Staff 百度裁撤医疗事业部　专注人工智能服务 中国互联网巨头百度公司在周四发送至路透社的声明中表示，目前已撤除旗下历时两年的医疗事业部，将医疗业务转向人工智能方向。 医疗事业部曾经是该公司利润丰厚的业务部门，但自去年中国当局严厉打击医疗广告，导致2016年下半年的销售额大幅下降，百度一直在重新调整其业务战略 。 百度表示，内容制作团队将纳入搜索引擎部门，而前医疗事业部的其他业务将予以关闭。 人工智能团队将寻求开发可用于医疗领域的应用程序，当中可能包括药物开发和测试、基因测序和患者诊断等领域。 「拇指医生（thumb doctor）」和「智能小e（intelligent little-e）」两个程序将被纳入其人工智能服务部门。拇指医生是一个在线平台，真实的专家会回答人们关于医疗症状的问题，而智能小e是一个智能聊 天机器人（chatbot）项目，有助于提供即时诊断。 百度董事长李彦宏说：「现行医疗体制也有很多不合理之处，改变它的重要方法是人工智能。」 在一月，百度任命前微软执行总裁陆奇为首席运营官，更大范围地推动人工智能成为增长的新动力。 Back to Top. 800px-Maurice_Levy_2008 Previous Article: Publicis posts €527mn net loss Asia drives growth in online shopping Next Article: 2020年中国在线零售销售规模将达至1万亿美元 Read More News 09/12/2014 Fri 11:52 AM in Singapore by Contributor 5 reasons why you should fire your digital agency "Digital agencies are not well-positioned to leverage this shift towards more performance based marketing, driven by e-commerce." .. 03/06/2015 Fri 10:42 AM in Malaysia by Noreen Ismail The Manhattan Fish Market appoints social media agency The Manhattan Fish Market has renewed its appointment of social media communications agency Yellow Mango Communications for anothe.. 11/25/2013 Mon 11:54 AM in Australia by Staff Writer Aegis launches new Australian agency Aegis Media has launched a full service media and digital creative services business, Huckleberry, based in Melbourne... 07/14/2017 Fri 16:10 PM in Malaysia by Janice Tan McCann Erickson’s Shun Matsuzaka takes on new role in Malaysia Matsuzaka is most known for his creation of an artificial intelligence (AI) creative director "AI-CD β"... 12/10/2013 Tue 07:49 AM in Asia Pacific by Oliver Bayani GroupM’s Xaxis debuts in Indonesia and Philippines GroupM's audience buying unit Xaxis adds Indonesia and the Philippines to its growing regional footprint in Asia Pacific... Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply. You must be logged in to post a comment. Advertisement Article Sponsored Ads 300×250 Related Posts Tan Tong Hai 01/15/2018 Mon 15:14 PM in Singapore by Rezwana Manjur SPH and StarHub renew and expand marketing partnership shapd_main01 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown Snapchat Evan Spiegel 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users facebook video ad 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t Handshake 01/15/2018 Mon 11:51 AM in Malaysia by Janice Tan Axiata Group bolsters board with new appointment Trending 01/15/2018 Mon 12:48 PM in China by Angel Tang Marriott China in crisis comms mode as website gets shutdown 01/15/2018 Mon 12:23 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay Panicking about Facebook’s News Feed tweak? These marketers aren’t 01/12/2018 Fri 18:15 PM in Malaysia by Venus Hew Can Mercedes-Benz make a creative comeback with its 2018 CNY ad? 01/15/2018 Mon 07:36 AM in Philippines by Cora Llamas From Google Philippines’ Industry Head: 3 keys to maximizing your digital marketing influence 01/15/2018 Mon 12:45 PM in Singapore by Vivienne Tay New Snapchat layout draws flak from users Article Sponsored Ads 300×150 Latest Events News 11/24/2017 Fri 09:59 AM in Singapore by Ong Yi Xuan Reliving the glorious moments from Marketing Excellence Awards Singapore 11/21/2017 Tue 18:17 PM in Malaysia by Ong Yi Xuan Watch the highlights from Marketing Excellence Awards Malaysia 11/10/2017 Fri 23:16 PM in Singapore by Luke Wee UOB outshines competition at Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/27/2017 Fri 23:04 PM in Malaysia by Elaine Choo Unilever Malaysia triumphs at A+M’s Marketing Excellence Awards 2017 10/12/2017 Thu 14:54 PM in Philippines by Cora Llamas Digital Performance Marketing’s launch impacts Philippine advertising and marketing sectors Subscribe [logo_Marketing.png] Get our MARKETING daily! ____________________ (Submit) You are now A STEP CLOSER to lead the pack and stay current. Ad Space Marketing Interactive ©2018 Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. Footer Navigation * About Us * Contact Us * Content Policy * Advertise With Us * Privacy Policy * User Agreement #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月22日 technology Home China technology 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 中国人工智能规划:产业规模超万亿 2030年成全球领导者 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [29CHINAAI2-articleLarge.jpg] 美媒称，20日，中国制定了一项发展规划，希望在2030年成为人工智能领域的世界领导者，打造规模超过1万亿元的本土产业。 据美国《纽约时报》网站7月21日报道，国务院发布的这项政策阐述了中国政府最高层的意图：全球第二大经济体将投入大量资金，以确保企业、政府和军队跃 升为人工智能技术的全球领先者。很多人都认为，人工智能有朝一日会成为计算机技术的基础。 而与此同时，美国却在削减科学资金。特朗普政府提交的预算案建议削减一些传统上支持人工智能研究的机构的资源。而诸如高性能计算等领域的经费削减，也将 影响到人工智能辅助工具的开发。 报道称，中国的实力，特别是先进技术和新技术上的实力，长期落后于发达的邻国以及欧美发达国家。但是，一个为期数十年、追赶西方的产业政策已经给中国带 来了红利。 专家们认为，中国有越来越多的学科都取得了长足进展，人工智能就是其中之一。 报道称，北京对人工智能的兴趣已经引起了美国防务机构的警觉。 在这个新政策提出的时间表中，政府希望到2020年，中国公司和研究机构的总体技术和应用与美国这些居于世界先进水平的国家同步。之后再过5年，要求在 特定领域实现重大突破，人工智能成为中国“经济转型的主要动力”。 到了最后阶段，即2030年，中国将“成为世界主要人工智能创新中心”，而这反过来又将为中国“跻身创新型国家前列和经济强国奠定重要基础”。 报道认为，像这样的高级别声明，也是向全国各地的地方政府和公司发出一个信号。 这个新计划正式确定了一个之前在中国就已经广为人知的侧重点。很多地方政府都已经根据各种线索制定了特别的人工智能计划，建成了专注于A.I.研究的中 心。 许多地方正在人工智能上投入数以亿计的美元，有些地方的投入甚至更大。6月份，在北京以东的城市天津，市政府表示计划提供50亿美元的资金来支持人工智 能行业，而且还划出了一片20多平方公里的土地来建设“智能产业园”。 报道称，这一倡议也有可能会席卷中国私营企业。近年来，该国互联网搜索巨头百度已经在硅谷运行着一家人工智能研究中心，它在今年还宣布，将与政府合作， 建立一个新的实验室。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期六, 七月 22, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： China, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 台媒社论：台湾为何20年来选不出一个好领导人？ * 印任命前驻华大使为外交秘书 曾参与洞朗谈判 * 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 新加坡樟宜机场快变菜市场，无奈停止最后登机广播服务 * 男子迷昏女保姆欲拍裸照 发生数次关系后将其杀害 @nanyangpost 的推文 版权 © 2012 - 南洋视界 Copyright © 南洋视界 - Crafted with by Templatesyard | Distributed By Gooyaabi Templates #企鹅新闻网 » Feed 企鹅新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 星期二, 一月 16, 2018 * RSS订阅 企鹅新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻 * 企鹅视频 * 电视直播 * 热点 * 财经 * 体育 * 专题 * 博客 * 影视 * 企鹅Radio * 军事 * 旅游 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 特产手信 + 地道美食 + 风俗人情 + 名胜古迹 * 企鹅吃讯 * 留学 * 移民 * 企鹅之家 * 科技 * 房产 * 商业 * 社区 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 Home 科技 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八... * 科技 * 科技新闻 窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 2017年10月13日 0 16 人类对大数据进行计算分析的趋势并不会转瞬即逝。随着数据量的不断增加，对大数据的分析效果也会有所改善。说到关于预测分析的应用，其实我们只看到了冰 山一角。目前，它已经可以利用数据挖掘、机器学习和人工智能技术来分析数据，从而达到帮助企业的目的（比如预测销售，优化营销活动）。所有这一类型的人 工智能都与我们日常工作方式联系在一起，彻底改变了我们的生活，不过还有更多的技术有待改进。 以下是来自人工智能、大数据、预测分析和机器学习的一些重要数据： 1、到2018年，75%的开发商将会在更多的商业应用或服务中加入人工智能功能（来自IDC） 2、到2019年，IDC100%的物联网项目将得到人工智能的支持（来自IDC） 3、30%的公司将在2020年前使用人工智能技术来增加至少一个主要销售流程（来自Gartner） 4、算法将会在2018年改变全球数十亿人的行为（来自Gartner） 5、人工智能市场价值将在2020年超过400亿美元（来自Constellation?Research） 6、到2025年，人工智能将驱动95%的客户互动（来自Servion） 以下就是我们在2018年将关注的8个人工智能大趋势： 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 趋势一：大公司都将从人工智能获利 亚马逊、谷歌、Facebook和IBM，它们将在人工智能领域引领潮流。作为大公司，他们有合适的资源来收集数据，因此有更多的数据可以使用。以下就 是这些巨头玩家如何在AI领域布局的： 亚马逊： 投资人工智能20年以上，抓取了5B以上的网页数据，超过50万张JPEG图像和相应的JSON元数据，用以供给亚马逊运营中心的产品。每天抓取世界广 播、杂志和网络新闻的数据已超过2.5亿，每天抓取近100M图像和视频具有音频和视觉功能并带有注释。亚马逊Echo系列音箱已经占领了超过70%的 语音助手市场。 Google： 具有全世界最大的数据库，专注于应用和产品开发，而不是长期的AI研究。Google Brain拥有超过1300名研究人员的团队，在语音助理市场占有23.8％的用户份额。使用TensorFlow开源平台进行机器学习，允许任何人访 问机器学习平台。Google地球数据库的大小估计为3017 TB或大约3 PB，Google Street View有大约20PB的街景照片。 谷歌很可能在应用程序和产品开发及服务的部署方面都处于最前沿，它不仅是第一家开始研究人工智能的公司，而且拥有7万名员工。此外，谷歌拥有一个深度学 习人工智能研究项目Google Brain，它拥有一个团队，有自己的研究议程，研究领域涵盖了机器学习、自然语言理解、机器学习算法和技术，以及机器人。 Facebook： 每日处理2.5B的内容和500多TB的数据，Facebook ArticialIntelligence Researchers (FAIR)有大约80位研究人员和工程师，每天产生20亿“赞”和3000万照片，每30分钟扫描大约105 TB的数据建有一个62000平方英尺的数据中心，可容纳500个机架。每天翻译超过40种语言的20亿用户帖子，每天有8000万用户使用这些翻译。 IBM： 计划进行为期10年、价值2.4亿美元的投资来创建MIT-IBM沃森人工智能实验室。在全球拥有2000多名AI员工，在IBM总部拥有超过600名 AI员工，沃森用户跨越六大洲和超过25个国家，IBM向沃森项目投资10亿美元，其中包括1亿美元的风险投资。通过沃森生态系统建立了7000多个应 用。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：全球100家最有前途的人工智能公司名单 趋势二：算法与技术的整合 所有在人工智能领域投资的二级资本公司，比如英特尔、Salesforce和Twitter，都将追随拥有这些数据的大公司，并使用他们的数据算法和人 工智能。行业参与者之间将会发生数据交易，而且很有可能会整合算法和技术。数据的交易以及算法和技术的整合将使人工智能变得更加重要。 随着谷歌和Facebook等规模更大的公司收购小公司，更多的算法将被整合到它们的核心平台或解决方案中。总部位于英国伦敦的人工智能公司DeepM ind，构建了通用学习算法，被谷歌收购，以获得相对于其他科技公司的商业优势。另一方面，Facebook收购Wit.ai来提升自己的语音识别和语 音界面。该公司还收购了人工智能创业公司Ozlo，以完善其M虚拟助理服务。 趋势三：数据众包 所有的人工智能公司都追求巨大的数据库，以实现他们对人工智能的雄心壮志。这些公司将开始通过众包方式获取大量数据。企业已经找到了一种方法来评估众包 数据的质量和真实性，不仅给企业提供了便利，还能反馈信息给消费者。 OpenDataNow.com的创始人兼编辑Joel Gurin表示，“我们生活在一个众包文化的环境中，越来越多的人愿意和有兴趣通过社交媒体分享他们所知道的东西。” 谷歌通过众包的方式，获得了大量的图片，并构建了成像算法。该公司还利用众包来帮助改善服务，比如翻译、转录、手写识别和地图应用。而亚马逊还利用众包 的技术改善了Alexa的1.5万项现有技能。 趋势四：更多的并购将发生 CBInsights的统计数据显示，AI公司的收购竞争已经开始。2018年将是我们能看到的最多的公司收购和被收购的一年，因为这些公司必须争夺知 识资本和人才才不会被淘汰。机器学习/人工智能的所有小公司都将被大公司收购。有两个原因： AI在没有数据库的帮助下没法工作。因为大公司拥有大量的数据库，他们将对那些小公司造成巨大的压力。没有数据库的支持，算法将毫无用处。 同样如果没有算法，数据几乎也毫无用处。数据是算法的核心，大量的数据是至关重要的。 哥伦比亚大学创意机器人实验室的机器人工程师和总监Hod Lipson说，“数据是燃料，算法是引擎”。 大幕已拉开，窥探2018年人工智能的八个发展趋势 图：谷歌领跑近几年AI创企并购 趋势五：开放民主化的工具将获得市场份额 大公司将开始开放他们的算法和其他工具，以获得市场份额。以市场为基础的数据和算法进入壁垒将会减少，人工智能的新应用将会增加。通过开放平台和民主化 ，那些无法使用人工智能工具的小公司将可以获得大量的数据来研究人工智能算法。 正如谷歌首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊（Sundar Pichai）在谈到民主化的人工智能时所说的那样，“我们所能做的最激动人心的事情之一就是让机器学习和人工智能变得不再那么神秘。让所有人都能接触 到这一点很重要。” 此外，frameworks、SDKs and APIs将成为所有主要厂商对消费者开放使用的标准。所有的公司都将采用SaaS&PaaS商业模式。 趋势六：人机交互将得到改善 Siri和Alexa大概是目前最受欢迎的人机交互工具，与之类似的更多基于机器人的解决方案将是人工智能公司进入这个行业的门槛。例如，虽然机器已经 被编程用于语音分析和面部识别，但机器还得做到根据你的声音来识别你的情绪，也就是进行情绪分析。 制造自动化和非消费者焦点解决方案将是第一个要改进的解决方案/应用程序。制造自动化将主要归功于人工成本节约，使用包括自动化、机器人和先进制造技术 。非消费者解决方案的改进，例如在农业和医药领域执行任务的人机交互，也将在2018年流行起来。 趋势七：人工智能将渐渐地对所有垂直领域产生影响 制造、客户服务、保健、医疗保健和交通运输的领域已经受到AI的影响，自动驾驶汽车预计将在2018年上市。明年，会有更多的领域受到人工智能的影响。 以下是人工智能对不同行业影响的例子： 保险——AI将通过自动化改进索赔流程。 法律——NLP可以在几分钟内总结成千上万页的法律文件，从而减少查阅时间和提高效率。 PR＆media——AI将帮助快速处理数据。 教育——虚拟导师的发展；人工智能帮助打分数；制定适应性学习计划，游戏和软件;以AI为导向的个性化教育计划将改变学生和老师的互动。 健康——机器学习可用于创建更复杂，更准确的方法来在患者出现症状之前预测疾病 正如工业革命在100年前几乎改变了一切一样，人工智能将在未来几年改变这个世界。 趋势八： 安全、隐私及伦理道德问题 在人工智能的保护伞下，诸如机器学习和大数据等问题，都很容易触及到安全及隐私问题。有时基础设施扮演着很重要的角色。与隐私问题有关的安全需求，如将 银行帐户和健康信息保密，将会对研究的安全性有更大的要求。2018年，有关安全和隐私的问题将得到解决，这一年，也是人工智能可能出现新的发展的一年 。 人工智能的伦理问题也将成为2018年的主要问题，需要解决的伦理和道德问题包括人工智能对人类有哪些好处和坏处。人们也对机器人取代人类的可能性感到 担忧，比如护士、治疗师或警察，另一个需要处理的问题是自主武器。 | 结语 尽管人工智能已经存在多年，但我们今天所知道的人工智能仍处于起步阶段。围绕着AI及其各种应用，从自动车辆到虚拟个人助理以及大量执行人工智能相关的 技术，已经引起了大肆宣传。尽管现在已经出现了大量的人工智能用例，但是大多数都是为了改进配置，做更好的辅助。此外，在人工智能行业中，没有多少玩家 ，因此碎片将不会出现，而非结构化数据和算法将会变得十分可用。 总之，人工智能的生命刚刚开始，而且它还有很长的路要走。 分享： 前一篇文章AI可怕吗？警惕我们对它犯下七宗罪 下一篇文章孩子为什么哭－做个细心的妈妈 qienews 相关文章作者其它文章 今天谷歌的封面被这个中国人刷屏了！他穷尽一生让世界... 新华网:引爆全民答题狂欢 直播答题是风口还是黑洞？... “国家的需要，就是我的责任”——追忆“两弹一星”功... 举国沸腾！这名中国博士重磅宣布，建材和能源历史将被... 马斯克”太空跑车”或引起外... 几分钟就能溶解血块？ 澳科学家钻研心脏病中风难题 本周熱門 留学澳洲6年花了200万人民币，回国底薪2000元，海归就业“薪情”到底如何 2018年1月12日 2018澳网一触即发！家门口这么多的天王天后和中国金花 不看就太可惜了！ 2018年1月14日 2018 新年华人板球活动开始了！有微信讲解 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CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. #AlgorithmDog » Feed AlgorithmDog » 评论Feed AlgorithmDog » 游戏人工智能分类目录Feed AlgorithmDog freedom 跳至正文 * 首页 * 归档 * 系列文章 + 强化学习系列 + 游戏人工智能系列 + 遗传算法系列 + 假设检验系列 * 关于本站 分类目录归档：游戏人工智能 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 发表于2017年7月3日由lili 最近半年 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 大局洞察, 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 CounterFactual Regret Minimization, Game AI, MaxMin Search, Monte Carlo Tree Search | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之三:有限状态自动机 发表于2016年11月1日由lili 游戏智能 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 有限状态机, 游戏 | 一条评论 游戏智能系列之二:再次进行准备 发表于2016年9月26日由lili 上次准备 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能 | 标签为 clash, 人工智能, 游戏 | 留下评论 游戏智能系列之一:一些准备工作 发表于2016年9月5日由lili 一直想开 … 继续阅读 → 发表在 游戏人工智能, 算法荟萃 | 标签为 游戏 | 留下评论 * 搜索： ____________________ 搜索 * 每周日更新，不关注下么？ [weixin_head.jpg] * 分类目录 + 大局洞察 (5) + 数学基础 (7) o 假设检验 (3) + 算法荟萃 (33) o 强化学习 (7) o 游戏人工智能 (4) o 遗传算法 (5) + 编程开发 (15) * 近期文章 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick + 工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比 + 自我对弈的 AlphaGo Zero + 靠默契保证的私有制：Python 中的私有 + XGBoost + LR 就是加特征而已 + 取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作 + 人工智能当前，棋牌游戏留给人类的堡垒不多了 + Akka 使用系列之四: Future + 为了 1% 情形，牺牲 99% 情形下的性能:蜗牛般的 Python 深拷贝 + TensorFlow 中的候选采样 + 拖拽式机器学习的爱与恨 + Akka 使用系列之三: 层次结构和容错机制 + 动态图计算：Tensorflow 第一次清晰地在设计理念上领先 + 广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构 + Akka 使用系列之二: 测试 * 标签云 Actor Actor 模型 Akka Akka-testkit AlphaGo clash CNN CounterFactual Regret Minimization DQN ELF EM Game AI Gibbs sampling Javascript k-means left-pad LR mapreduce MaxMin Search Metropolis-Hasting Monte Carlo Tree Search npm OpenAI Gym OpenAI Universe Python RoomAI SC2LE Spark Tensorflow XGBoost 不平衡 人工智能 假设检验 典型关联分析 分类 前端 单例模式 单元测试 后端 工作职位 强化学习 拖拽式 数据挖掘 文本分类 星际争霸 有限状态机 机器学习 框架 概率 泛化 泡沫 深度学习 深度学习框架 游戏 游戏 AI 词嵌入 贝叶斯 遗传算法 采样算法 * 近期评论 + 张慧发表在《强化学习系列之五:价值函数近似》 + 开发者头条发表在《一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick》 + 匿名发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 + 一个特殊场景的 LR 预测优化 Trick | AlgorithmDog发表在《广告和推荐系统部署机器学习模型的两种架构》 + harvey发表在《取代人类工作？人工智能也创造工作》 + 人工智能进行连续决策的关键——强化学习入门指南-AI与我发表在《强化学习系列之四:模型无关的策略学习》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 匿名发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + Ben发表在《几乎必然收敛和依概率收敛》 + 饶尧绫发表在《工欲善其事必先利其器——游戏 AI 环境对比》 * 访问图谱 * 友情链接 + 我爱计算机 + 小土刀 + wuli涛涛 + Dr Dragon + 石三石 + isnowfy + 五道口摩羯宅男 + chaozh * 功能 + 登录 + 文章RSS + 评论RSS + WordPress.org * 我要啦免费统计 * 版权声明 本站内容全部属于原创，所有内容请大家转载时注明出处。 AlgorithmDog 自豪地采用WordPress。 #Lenix Blog » Feed Lenix Blog » 评论Feed Lenix Blog » 人工智能分类目录Feed Lenix Blog 记录－交流－分享 * 博客声明 * 书单 * 标签云 * 链接 * 留言本 * 关于我 * 推荐 + 现代PHP编程指导 * 站点 + 开源项目 + github主页 + Github + awesomephp + phpfig + p2hp * P2HP ____________________ (Submit) 人工智能 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 51 浏览 接首篇《 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） 》 四、经典入门demo：识别手写数字（MNIST） 常规的编程入门有“Hello world”程序，而深度学习的入门程序则是MNIST，一个识别28×28像素的图片中的手写数字的程序。… Read more 【机器学习】人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（上） admin 2017年12月25日 人工智能 暂无评论 64 浏览 一、人工智能和新科技革命 2017年围棋界发生了一件比较重要事，Master（Alphago）以60连胜横扫天下，击败各路世界冠军，人工智能以气势如虹的姿态出现在我们人 类的面前。围棋曾经一度被称为“人类智慧的堡垒”，如今，这座堡垒也随之成为过去。从2016年三月份AlphaGo击败李世石开始，AI全面进入我们 大众的视野，对于它的讨论变得更为火热起来，整个业界普遍认为，它很可能带来下一次科技革命，并且，在未来可预见的10多年里，深刻得改变我们的生活。 … Read more 神经网络入门 admin 2017年12月13日 人工智能 暂无评论 54 浏览 眼下最热门的技术，绝对是人工智能。 人工智能的底层模型是“神经网络”（neural network）。许多复杂的应用（比如模式识别、自动控制）和高级模型（比如深度学习）都基于它。学习人工智能，一定是从它开始。 什么是神经网络呢？网上似乎缺乏通俗的解释。 前两天，我读到 Michael Nielsen 的开源教材《神经网络与深度学习》（Neural Networks and Deep Learning），意外发现里面的解释非常好懂。下面，我就按照这本书，介绍什么是神经网络。 这里我要感谢优达学城的赞助，本文结尾有他们的《前端开发（进阶）》课程的消息，欢迎关注。 一、感知器 历史上，科学家一直希望模拟人的大脑，造出可以思考的机器。人为什么能够思考？科学家发现，原因在于人体的神经网络。 1. 外部刺激通过神经末梢，转化为电信号，转导到神经细胞（又叫神经元）。 2. 无数神经元构成神经中枢。 3. 神经中枢综合各种信号，做出判断。 4. 人体根据神经中枢的指令，对外部刺激做出反应。 既然思考的基础是神经元，如果能够”人造神经元”（artificial neuron），就能组成人工神经网络，模拟思考。上个世纪六十年代，提出了最早的”人造神经元”模型，叫做“感知器”（perceptron），直到 今天还在用。 上图的圆圈就代表一个感知器。它接受多个输入（x1，x2，x3…），产生一个输出（output），好比神经末梢感受各种外部环境的变化，最后产生电 信号。 为了简化模型，我们约定每种输入只有两种可能：1 或 0。如果所有输入都是1，表示各种条件都成立，输出就是1；如果所有输入都是0，表示条件都不成立，输出就是0。 二、感知器的例子 … Read more PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 admin 2017年10月26日 人工智能 暂无评论 142 浏览 本文介绍 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 PaddlePaddle系列之三行代码从入门到精通 前言 这将是PaddlePaddle系列教程的开篇，属于非官方教程。既然是非官方，自然会从一个使用者的角度出发，来教大家怎么用，会有哪些坑，以及如何 上手并用到实际项目中去。… Read more 从学习 Paddle 开始学习深度学习(一) admin 2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 92 浏览 深度学习的黄金时代已经到来 开场白 首先给Baidu打一波广告。Paddle深度学习平台，你值得学习。 它的优点 * 灵活性：PaddlePaddle支持广泛的神经网络结构和优化算法，很容易配置复杂的模型，如基于注意力（Attention）机制或复杂的 内存（Memory）连接的神经机器翻译模型。（Attention和Memory参考阅读： 深度学习和自然语言处理中的attention和memory机制 、 深度学习：推动NLP领域发展的新引擎 ） * 高效：在PaddlePaddle的不同层面进行优化，以发挥异构计算资源的效率，包括计算、内存、架构和通信等。例如： + 通过SSE/AVX内部函数，BLAS库（例如MKL，ATLAS，CUBLAS）或定制CPU/GPU内核优化的数学运算。 + 高度优化循环网络，以处理可变长度序列，无需填充（Padding）。 + 优化高维稀疏数据模型的本地和分布式训练。 * 可扩展性：PaddlePaddle很容易使用多个CPU/GPU和机器来加快你的训练，通过优化通信实现高吞吐量、高性能。 * 连接产品：PaddlePaddle易于部署。在百度，PaddlePaddle已经被部署到广大用户使用的产品或服务，包括广告点击率（CT R）的预测，大型图像分类，光学字符识别（OCR），搜索排名，计算机病毒检测，推荐等。 来自网络 __________________________________________________________________ 初识 先做一个形象的比喻，Paddle就好比一台3D打印机，我们设计的神经网络就好比需要打印的模型，而我们的数据集就相当于原材料，把两者同时提供给这 台打印机，经过一段时间就可以得到我们预期的产品–模型(Trained Model). 简言之，paddle 做的工作就是利用我们设计的模型和我们提供的数据 通过高性能的并行技术(CPU/GPU)来完成训练。 所以，我们在使用 Paddle 做深度学习时最基本的工作就是设计一个完美的模型并准备好数据。也就是要有以下几个文件: [connect.png?raw=true] * trainer_config.py : 配置神经网络模型 * data_provider.py : 数据提供 * train.sh : 配置paddle训练的参数 __________________________________________________________________ 安装 paddle提供了三种安装方式： * Docker 安装，非常便捷，但必须在Docker环境下部署。 * deb 安装， … Read more 百度开源深度学习框架PaddlePaddle安装配置 admin 2017年10月18日2017年10月19日 人工智能 暂无评论 201 浏览 一、环境配置 PC机一台+UBUNTU 16.04系统 二、过程 1、使用Docker安装PaddlePaddle 1）在Ubuntu 上安装 Docker： 参考 http://blog.p2hp.com/archives/4809 2）安装完后在命令行键入sudo service docker start和sudo docker run hello-world，验证Docker正确安装； 3）在命令行键入 sudo docker run -it paddlepaddle/paddle:0.10.0rc3-noavx /bin/bash开始下载安装Paddle docker，由于网络环境不同，下载速度会有所差异，等待Paddle docker的下载和安装 4）安装完成后，你会发现命令行发生变化了，变成了root@e1f3456e7992:/#，OK，安装成功 2、运行一个PaddlePaddle的Demo 我们以quick_start为例， 1）首先，从github上将paddle项目拉取到本地，或者从github上直接下载项目的zip压缩包：点我进入PaddlePaddle github项目 2） 进入/home/yangyanbin/下载/Paddle-develop/v1_api_demo/quick_start/data 3）在命令行键入 bash ./get_data.sh 下载实验数据 4）启动paddle的docker镜像 在命令行键入 … Read more 探寻人工智能 —— 破解灵魂的奥秘(强烈推荐) admin 2017年10月16日 人工智能 暂无评论 153 浏览 # 这篇文是我2015年写的那篇文章的升级版，如果你已经读过那一篇，还是建议读一下这篇喔 # 我们可以想象一下，如果机器能够像人类一样思考，将是多么可怕的一件事？ 首先，细胞的工作速度远远没有芯片快，因此计算机的思考速度会是人类的千万、甚至上亿倍。这样的系统可以在几秒钟内读完整个图书馆中的书，可以在几小时 内读完世界上所有的科学著作和学术论文。在解决一个实际问题时，它在一秒钟内想到的解决方案，你可能要花一年。例如在哈佛大学的实验室里，科学家让一个 拥有四条腿的机器人自己去学习如何奔跑 —— 从站起来，到会走路，最后到奔跑。机器的方法很简单：将四条腿所能够组成的运动方式全部尝试一遍。仅仅过了几个小时，它就学会了奔跑。其次，它的脑容量 远远超过人类。人类大脑中所能够存储的东西是有限的，所以大脑必须进行仔细的筛选。在人的一生中，我们忘掉的东西远远多于我们记住的东西。很显然，机器 人没有这个烦恼，它可以同时是数学家、物理学家、语言专家、博物学家、哲学家、生物学家等等。… Read more 最新文章 * [技术] 谈谈编程思想 2018年1月14日 * 程序员的好日子什么时候才到头？ 2018年1月14日 * TCP连接的关闭 2018年1月12日 * PHP中类静态调用和范围解析操作符的区别 2018年1月7日 * TCP/IP指南 2018年1月6日 * php发送http put/patch/delete请求Demo 2018年1月6日 * 赶集mysql军规 2018年1月6日 * 鸟哥：PHP Next: JIT 2017年12月30日 * 2017年第三届PHP开发者大会总结（二）鸟哥JIT篇.md 2017年12月30日 * 人人都可以做深度学习应用：入门篇（下） 2017年12月25日 月度热门文章 * MQTT SERVER 性能测试报告... 104 views * Nginx 泛解析实现二级域名或三级域名泛解析... 98 views * MQTT压力测试之Tsung的使用... 96 views * 使thinkphp 3.2.3兼容PHP7 94 views * 《相对论 · 上》—— 过去，现在，未来是同时存在的吗？... 93 views * 协程:异步与并发 86 views * 流媒体：ffmpeg生成HLS的m3u8与ts片段... 80 views * php实现协程，真正的异步... 78 views * 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Theme: Ample by ThemeGrill. #新加坡眼 » Feed 新加坡眼 » 评论Feed alternate alternate 新加坡眼 新加坡本地的最新资讯 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 订阅RSS 邮件订阅 - 最后更新：2018-01-15 订阅源：RSS QQ邮箱 * 新加坡眼官方网站现已正式上线 * 喜大普奔，欢迎注册 * 新加坡旅行频道已经开通，更多精美图文攻略，敬请关注 [weibo.png] 新浪微博 [job.gif] 招聘信息 [together.gif] 网友聚会 [fb-logo.png] Facebook 网站导航 * 首页 * 博文 * 美食 * 狮城新闻 * 旅游 + 狮城旅游 + 狮城新闻 * 文史政论 * 政策 * 房产 * 留学教育 + 中小学留学 + 政府大学 + 私立大学留学 * 活动 * 购物消费 * 招聘求职 * 杂录 * 生活信息 * 联络我们 首页 > 活动 > 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 2017 10-13 汇聚四国人工智能大咖峰会，等你来新加坡参加 新加坡眼 活动 围观180次 留下评论 编辑日期：2017-11-16 字体：大 中 小 translation ad 小编：新加坡总理李显龙最近出访中国，感叹中国的移动支付，指出“我的部长在上海买栗子像个乡巴佬”。大家不禁感慨中国的“新四大发明”是啥？高铁，移 动支付，共享单车，网购。这四大发明都离不开这几年最火的话题——人工智能技术。近期，新加坡政府也提出5年1.5亿，想让新加坡成为一个人工智能强国 ，实施“国家人工智能核心计划 ”。 新加坡“国家人工核心计划”也吸引着来自英国伦敦的Forward Leading公司，不远万里将在新加坡万豪董厦酒店迎来他们在亚洲市场的首场会议——大数据和人工智能领袖峰会。峰会汇聚四国人工智能大咖，阵容高、 大、上，等你来参与！ 领袖峰会汇聚来自新中英美四国顶级企业的大数据和人工智能技术的大咖，囊括最尖端前沿的行业话题，包括人工智能与大数据、数字营销与电子商务、策略与创 新等。集结来自不同行业的技术先锋和商业领袖，打造独一无二的会议学习社交体验。与会嘉宾将有机会听到演讲者分享成功经验，和业界先驱一道学习精彩案例 ，和不同行业的同道者一起群策群力、集思广益，从而克服挑战，取得新的商业成功。 – 首席运营官，澳新银行（ANZ Bank） – 首席数据官，友盟+，阿里巴巴 – 首席数据官，渣打银行（Standard chartered Bank） – 首席计算工程师，劳斯莱斯（Rolls-Royce） – ASPAC地区首席信息官及副总裁，强生（Johnson&Johnson） – 商业分析专业主任，伦敦大学学院（University College London) – 全球人工智能产品总监，西门子（Siemens） – 新加坡IT中心执行总监，默沙东(MSD) – AI行业创新总监，国家人工智能核心计划（AI.Singapore） Forward Leading邀请到了来自中国阿里巴巴旗下的全域数据服务平台友盟+的首席数据官李丹枫博士。根小编了解，友盟+的数据体量在全球范围内也是数一数二 的，目前覆盖了135万个APP，685万个网站，每天能触达的全球移动设备有14亿。李丹枫博士本次分享的不仅仅是数据挖掘机器学习方面的，他将会讲 到数据驱动智能，怎么从弱人工智能走向强人工智能，光听着就是一个好高大上的话题。其他国家的大咖也是创新技术多多啊！ 大咖分享的内容不仅仅局限在研究的技术层面，大部分技术都已经很接地气，很多技术已经在公司内部管理、运营等方面经过反复实践操作。此外，大咖分享的内 容更跳出公司的框架去覆盖本行业和其它行业。 实在是满满的干货和硬货！下面仅列举几个演讲的标题： – AI与商业的未来 – 人类在AI世界的角色 – AI和机器学习如何瓦解企业银行 – 从标准化分析到值得信赖的数据发现 – 机器学习辅助洞察用户的行为数据 – 人工智能 – 创新和智能工程的新动力 – 深层成像-临床决策中的自动化和深度学习 – AI聊天机器人的发展和崛起 从左至右依次是英国UCL的Daniel Hulme博士，阿里巴巴友盟+的李丹枫博士及来自美国硅谷Drive.AI的Brody Huv 不光是交换名片，互相寒暄两句，主办方也专门设计了高端小规模的早午茶歇、午餐和鸡尾酒会等社交环节，以及特意设计的社交破冰和收尾总结环节。也是希望 保证每一位来宾都有足够的时间和机会与演讲大咖以及其他大咖进行深度有效的交流。 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 峰会主题：大数据和人工智能领袖峰会 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 和大数据和人工智能领袖峰会同时同酒店进行的还有Forward Leading旗下的旗舰品牌会议数字营销领袖峰会，演讲嘉宾包括： – 数字体验副总裁，星和（Starhub） – 日本及亚太区数字运营总监，谷歌（Google） – 社会媒体总监，金沙江（Maria Bay Sands） – 数字和消费者引导总监，可口可乐（Coca-Cola） – 零售策略和全球电商资深副总裁，施耐德电气（Schneider Electric） – 亚太营销合作项目主管，脸谱网（Facebook） – 亚洲社交媒体领导，Spotify – 亚太数字营销经理，宝洁（P&G） – 数字互动和参与总监，世界自然基金（WWF） – 增长和营销资深总监，天巡（Skyscanner）等等 峰会主题：数字营销领袖峰会 峰会地点：新加坡万豪董厦酒店 峰会时间安排： 2017年10月31日（周二）8AM-8PM 2017年11月1日（周三）8AM-5PM 人数限制：100人 峰会费用： 新加坡眼也将和Forward Leading在数字营销领袖峰会上展开合作，带来一场关于全球大数据、人工智能和数字营销的内容分享。关注新加坡眼的你如果有兴趣参加大数据和人工智 能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会，还可以享受独家九折优惠，注册大数据和人工智能领袖峰会或数字营销领袖峰会会议，请直接点击这里，并根据提示，输入折扣 码Yan90。 或者联系会议经理Thomas，邮箱：thomas@forwardleading.co.uk, 电话：+44 20 3813 7955，了解双峰会通票、团体折扣和发票支付等更多信息。这个月月底，我们期待在万豪董厦与你相会！ * 本文固定链接: http://www.yan.sg/dengnilaicanjiande/ * 转载请注明: 新加坡眼 2017年10月13日 于 新加坡眼 发表 喜欢本文，那就分享到： 最后编辑：2017-11-16 作者：新加坡眼 这个作者貌似有点懒，什么都没有留下。 站内专栏 我是新航预备空姐，却被莫名其妙拒了工作准证 主持奥斯卡的新加坡媳妇，连生娃都这么霸气 translation ad 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文章总数：9530篇 + 分类总数：48个 + 标签总数：200个 + 评论总数：2667条 + 页面总数：2个 + 网站已运行：1355天 ____________________ (Submit) 搜索 返回顶部 网站地图 ©2014-2017 Yan.sg All Rights Reserved | Theme frontopen2 #Armstrong Economics » Feed Armstrong Economics » Comments Feed Armstrong Economics » Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 Comments Feed Armstrong Economics Search (Submit) Primary Menu Skip to content * Blog-博客 * Writings (ENGLISH英文) * Economic Confidence Model-经济信心模型 * Socrates-苏格拉底-全新的在线平台 + How to use the Forecast Arrays-如何使用预测阵列 + Global Market Watch–全球市场观察 + Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 + Capital Flows–资本流动 + The Business Cycle-商业周期 * SERVICES-服务 * Armstrong Economics + Armstrong Economics(英文） Search for: ____________________ Search Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 AEBanner-10 市场预测可以说一直是一场噩梦。当你认为一切尽在掌握，趋势可能会突然逆转。预测学之所以频遭非议，很大程度上是因为这个领域的很多人通常认为自己预测 了一切，然而事实上，在很多时候，市场证明他们是错的。 在技术分析，基础数据分析，艾略特波浪理论指数或周期性分析中，个人理解决定一切。提高准确度的唯一途径在于尽可能多地消除个人理解和偏见。现今，全球 经济走势嘲弄了一切人类创造的经济理论。纯粹的国内经济或资本市场模型被日益增加的国际资本的力量所取代。就1980年到1985年间的美国经济而言， 货币供应量增长了400%，国家债务增加了一倍。货币理论使我们相信货币量供应的增加将产生更高的通货膨胀，而1980年到1985年这段时间却是通货 紧缩的时代。 自 1971 年以来，全球经济急剧变化，直接导致经济和资本市场预测的混乱。通过对价格和货币供应100年的研究而产生的货币理论忽略一个假设—汇率 。1971年以前，世界货币体系仍采用金本位制。由于货币的价值固定，那么通货膨胀和货币供应量密切相关。然而，始于1971年的浮动汇率时代，通货膨 胀和货币供应二者关系松绑。1980 年到 1985年的通货紧缩再次证明货币供应的增长并不一定导致通货膨胀。同时，第三变量—美元浮动被引入。19 80年到1985年间通货紧缩出现，美元价值上升40%，系统内的压力得以缓解。 从整体讲，经济与资本市场预测在全球经济大潮和演变过程中受到严重影响。因此，对当下我们所处的经济环境的掌握必须与时俱进，否则将遭到淘汰。 。 人工智能是计算机技术的最新热门词汇之一。与之相似的词汇有很多，AI为多数人所熟悉。专家系统便是这样一个程序相对简单的人工智能系统。该系统是一个 大型的知识库，所涉猎的话题可以从医学问题到如何向银行借钱。你只需要建立一个知识库。它通过一系列的问题在人群中实现知识的查询。它帮助医生对罕见的 不寻常疾病做出诊断；银行也可以通过这个系统对贷款人进行信贷审核以便决定是否发放贷款。 部分专家系统使用了”感应“软件。系统将历年的信贷记录收集到库中。电脑将好的和不好的信贷进行分类筛选。系统程序设定一套固定的标准，并用于指导今后 的借款决策。 但是这种形式的“智能”仍然不是真正的人工智能。它是更像一个较高级别的对象编程系统设计，在预先确定的规则下，将A与B进行匹配。有时这种系统可以表 现的相当智能，在几分钟甚至几秒钟内便可对复杂的情况作出决定。尽管如此，专家系统仍不能应对不断变化的市场条件，原因在于经济的变化是一个自然的演变 过程。为了使专家系统达到实时更新，需要”专家“不断地重新编写规则。 例如，如果利率增加到目前水平的3倍，许多原本好的贷款可能变成不良贷款。石油在这方面体现比较明显。如果各方面风险在贷款决策时不能及时作出评判，专 家系统将无法应付这类贷款。即使在医学领域，一旦一种新的疾病出现，就需要有人更新知识库，将疾病的症状录入进去。 真正的人工智能是不需要人为干预便可以自动应对不断变化的环境。例如，自主探索火星的机器人需要一个能做出判断的计算机程序。当机器人遇到一个深谷，计 算机程序便可作出决定是否必须穿过深谷，什么时候穿越。专家系统不能为人类也未曾遇到过的情况编写规则。面对全球经济，我们会面对同样的问题，因为经济 变化无处不在。 人工智能技术必须能够适应不断变化的条件，并随之改变自己的程序。如果用它诊断疾病，它必须能够认识它所处理的是一种新的疾病。它必须像人类一样，运用 自己的知识和经验的储备对新的疾病作出新的诊断。 这就是人工智能和其他的所谓的人工智能计算机程序的主要区别。这是程序在其经验中认知学习的能力，和人类行为是一样的。它必须能根据其记录的经验得出结 论，而不严格限制在其程序员所规定的程序内。 在普林斯顿国际经济，我们投入了大量的时间研究和开发人工智能，唯一的目标是创立一个金融智能计算机系统，能够自主完成评估和预测。我们的人工智能单元 在金融业是独一无二的。它有能力评估市场条件、提供买卖信号、 资产分配和跨国公司的战略规划。 我们的人工智能计算机模型能够对世界资本流动进行全球规模的监控和模式识别。它不仅可以成功地选择投资方向，而且可以决定什么时间和谁做交易。我们的人 工智能程序配有硕大的数据库，搜索智能库，以确定未来的决策。它会预测资本从一个国家向另一个国家流动的时间，已经由此对于国内经济体及每个国家资本市 场的影响。 此外，我们的人工智能计算机模型面向全球每个国家的市场，分每天，每周，每月，每季度和每年记录市场信息。通过此种方式，该系统有能力区分短期、中期、 长期的世界经济和资本市场趋势。正是运用这个模型，使我们准确地预测到了全球股市1987年出现低迷，1989年回到新高点，以及1929年式的经济大 萧条股市无风险。 这种多层次的基础模型是我们这个全球模型成功的关键，它不仅仅预测1987年美国股市趋势的变化，而且能准侧预测1990年日本等许多国家，甚至世界的 经济高峰。 由于大多数经济理论源于闭门造车式的方法，即：”假设所有的事情都是相等的“，这便不难看到，为什么大多数对于经济和市场的预测最终被证明是错误的。对 于任何个人来说都不可能理解周围所有的一切，并通过现有的知识去预测未来的结果。通常情况下，当今大多数经济预测仍然在”假设所有的事情都是相等的“的 影响下，忽略了任何变量，而孤立地实施进行。而我们的人工智能计算机模型恰恰相反，它在全球范围内监测每一处经济和资本市场的变化。只有这样，我们才能 增加对全球经济动态变化的预测的几率。 普林斯顿国际经济（PEI）人工计算机模型已成为拓展经济领域知识的一个重要工具。它有能力寻找新的方法以及探索新的时序模型。它有能力去适应不断变化 的环境，通过创建自己的数据库，存储重要的信息，便于将来比对。在现实中，普林斯顿国际经济人工智能计算机模型已成为科技上一个主要的技术突破，就像显 微镜的发明一样至关重要。如星际迷航？也许吧！但是重要的是，真正的知识源于经验。经验的积累确保我们可以应对每天的变化。应用了PEI人工智能的计算 机模型是一个储备了经济、金融和政治领域经验的集成，它将作为一个知识库，评估过去，预测将来的可能性。我们正在处在21世纪新纪元，人类将更好地理解 其所处的政治、社会和经济环境。 Forecasting the world Search for: ____________________ Search Recent Posts * 克林顿全球倡议-他们基金会核心部分即将关闭 * 2017WEC(WORLD ECONOMIC CONFERENCE 世界经济大会） * 德国为难民开设（调情）课程EE * 达拉斯停止提取养老金EE * 反对美联储加息的游说已经进入到白热化阶段EE Archives * January 2017 * December 2016 * November 2016 * September 2016 * August 2016 * July 2016 * June 2016 * May 2016 * February 2016 * January 2016 * December 2015 * November 2015 * October 2015 * July 2015 * June 2015 * May 2015 Proudly powered by Bitnami WordPress Stack [xclose.png.pagespeed.ic.Zei43eohAv.png] Bitnami #Armstrong Economics » Feed Armstrong Economics » Comments Feed Armstrong Economics » Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 Comments Feed Armstrong Economics Search (Submit) Primary Menu Skip to content * Blog-博客 * Writings (ENGLISH英文) * Economic Confidence Model-经济信心模型 * Socrates-苏格拉底-全新的在线平台 + How to use the Forecast Arrays-如何使用预测阵列 + Global Market Watch–全球市场观察 + Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 + Capital Flows–资本流动 + The Business Cycle-商业周期 * SERVICES-服务 * Armstrong Economics + Armstrong Economics(英文） Search for: ____________________ Search Artificial Intelligence Models–人工智能模型 AEBanner-10 市场预测可以说一直是一场噩梦。当你认为一切尽在掌握，趋势可能会突然逆转。预测学之所以频遭非议，很大程度上是因为这个领域的很多人通常认为自己预测 了一切，然而事实上，在很多时候，市场证明他们是错的。 在技术分析，基础数据分析，艾略特波浪理论指数或周期性分析中，个人理解决定一切。提高准确度的唯一途径在于尽可能多地消除个人理解和偏见。现今，全球 经济走势嘲弄了一切人类创造的经济理论。纯粹的国内经济或资本市场模型被日益增加的国际资本的力量所取代。就1980年到1985年间的美国经济而言， 货币供应量增长了400%，国家债务增加了一倍。货币理论使我们相信货币量供应的增加将产生更高的通货膨胀，而1980年到1985年这段时间却是通货 紧缩的时代。 自 1971 年以来，全球经济急剧变化，直接导致经济和资本市场预测的混乱。通过对价格和货币供应100年的研究而产生的货币理论忽略一个假设—汇率 。1971年以前，世界货币体系仍采用金本位制。由于货币的价值固定，那么通货膨胀和货币供应量密切相关。然而，始于1971年的浮动汇率时代，通货膨 胀和货币供应二者关系松绑。1980 年到 1985年的通货紧缩再次证明货币供应的增长并不一定导致通货膨胀。同时，第三变量—美元浮动被引入。19 80年到1985年间通货紧缩出现，美元价值上升40%，系统内的压力得以缓解。 从整体讲，经济与资本市场预测在全球经济大潮和演变过程中受到严重影响。因此，对当下我们所处的经济环境的掌握必须与时俱进，否则将遭到淘汰。 。 人工智能是计算机技术的最新热门词汇之一。与之相似的词汇有很多，AI为多数人所熟悉。专家系统便是这样一个程序相对简单的人工智能系统。该系统是一个 大型的知识库，所涉猎的话题可以从医学问题到如何向银行借钱。你只需要建立一个知识库。它通过一系列的问题在人群中实现知识的查询。它帮助医生对罕见的 不寻常疾病做出诊断；银行也可以通过这个系统对贷款人进行信贷审核以便决定是否发放贷款。 部分专家系统使用了”感应“软件。系统将历年的信贷记录收集到库中。电脑将好的和不好的信贷进行分类筛选。系统程序设定一套固定的标准，并用于指导今后 的借款决策。 但是这种形式的“智能”仍然不是真正的人工智能。它是更像一个较高级别的对象编程系统设计，在预先确定的规则下，将A与B进行匹配。有时这种系统可以表 现的相当智能，在几分钟甚至几秒钟内便可对复杂的情况作出决定。尽管如此，专家系统仍不能应对不断变化的市场条件，原因在于经济的变化是一个自然的演变 过程。为了使专家系统达到实时更新，需要”专家“不断地重新编写规则。 例如，如果利率增加到目前水平的3倍，许多原本好的贷款可能变成不良贷款。石油在这方面体现比较明显。如果各方面风险在贷款决策时不能及时作出评判，专 家系统将无法应付这类贷款。即使在医学领域，一旦一种新的疾病出现，就需要有人更新知识库，将疾病的症状录入进去。 真正的人工智能是不需要人为干预便可以自动应对不断变化的环境。例如，自主探索火星的机器人需要一个能做出判断的计算机程序。当机器人遇到一个深谷，计 算机程序便可作出决定是否必须穿过深谷，什么时候穿越。专家系统不能为人类也未曾遇到过的情况编写规则。面对全球经济，我们会面对同样的问题，因为经济 变化无处不在。 人工智能技术必须能够适应不断变化的条件，并随之改变自己的程序。如果用它诊断疾病，它必须能够认识它所处理的是一种新的疾病。它必须像人类一样，运用 自己的知识和经验的储备对新的疾病作出新的诊断。 这就是人工智能和其他的所谓的人工智能计算机程序的主要区别。这是程序在其经验中认知学习的能力，和人类行为是一样的。它必须能根据其记录的经验得出结 论，而不严格限制在其程序员所规定的程序内。 在普林斯顿国际经济，我们投入了大量的时间研究和开发人工智能，唯一的目标是创立一个金融智能计算机系统，能够自主完成评估和预测。我们的人工智能单元 在金融业是独一无二的。它有能力评估市场条件、提供买卖信号、 资产分配和跨国公司的战略规划。 我们的人工智能计算机模型能够对世界资本流动进行全球规模的监控和模式识别。它不仅可以成功地选择投资方向，而且可以决定什么时间和谁做交易。我们的人 工智能程序配有硕大的数据库，搜索智能库，以确定未来的决策。它会预测资本从一个国家向另一个国家流动的时间，已经由此对于国内经济体及每个国家资本市 场的影响。 此外，我们的人工智能计算机模型面向全球每个国家的市场，分每天，每周，每月，每季度和每年记录市场信息。通过此种方式，该系统有能力区分短期、中期、 长期的世界经济和资本市场趋势。正是运用这个模型，使我们准确地预测到了全球股市1987年出现低迷，1989年回到新高点，以及1929年式的经济大 萧条股市无风险。 这种多层次的基础模型是我们这个全球模型成功的关键，它不仅仅预测1987年美国股市趋势的变化，而且能准侧预测1990年日本等许多国家，甚至世界的 经济高峰。 由于大多数经济理论源于闭门造车式的方法，即：”假设所有的事情都是相等的“，这便不难看到，为什么大多数对于经济和市场的预测最终被证明是错误的。对 于任何个人来说都不可能理解周围所有的一切，并通过现有的知识去预测未来的结果。通常情况下，当今大多数经济预测仍然在”假设所有的事情都是相等的“的 影响下，忽略了任何变量，而孤立地实施进行。而我们的人工智能计算机模型恰恰相反，它在全球范围内监测每一处经济和资本市场的变化。只有这样，我们才能 增加对全球经济动态变化的预测的几率。 普林斯顿国际经济（PEI）人工计算机模型已成为拓展经济领域知识的一个重要工具。它有能力寻找新的方法以及探索新的时序模型。它有能力去适应不断变化 的环境，通过创建自己的数据库，存储重要的信息，便于将来比对。在现实中，普林斯顿国际经济人工智能计算机模型已成为科技上一个主要的技术突破，就像显 微镜的发明一样至关重要。如星际迷航？也许吧！但是重要的是，真正的知识源于经验。经验的积累确保我们可以应对每天的变化。应用了PEI人工智能的计算 机模型是一个储备了经济、金融和政治领域经验的集成，它将作为一个知识库，评估过去，预测将来的可能性。我们正在处在21世纪新纪元，人类将更好地理解 其所处的政治、社会和经济环境。 Forecasting the world Search for: ____________________ Search Recent Posts * 克林顿全球倡议-他们基金会核心部分即将关闭 * 2017WEC(WORLD ECONOMIC CONFERENCE 世界经济大会） * 德国为难民开设（调情）课程EE * 达拉斯停止提取养老金EE * 反对美联储加息的游说已经进入到白热化阶段EE Archives * January 2017 * December 2016 * November 2016 * September 2016 * August 2016 * July 2016 * June 2016 * May 2016 * February 2016 * January 2016 * December 2015 * November 2015 * October 2015 * July 2015 * June 2015 * May 2015 Proudly powered by Bitnami WordPress Stack [xclose.png.pagespeed.ic.Zei43eohAv.png] Bitnami [xhwxlogo300.jpg] 新加坡 [shareImg.jpg] 国外人工智能发展：新加坡把握数字经济增长机遇-新华网 [shareImg.jpg] 狮城对话 专访新加坡驻华大使：新加坡欢迎中国在全球治理中发挥更大作用 专访新加坡驻华大使：新加坡欢迎中国在全球治理中发挥更大作用 就国际社会关注的诸多议题，新加坡驻华大使罗家良近日接受了新华网独家专访。【详细】 * 中国驻新加坡大使馆为您解答海外申请护照在线预约的常见问题 * 胡海泉：做专注负责的跨界投资人 * 刘宏：三大优势成就品牌公共管理研究生院 * 刘宏：跨界治理是“一带一路”倡议重要保障 * 专访中国银行新加坡分行行长邱智坤 热点专题 * * 2017新加坡中国留学生才艺大赛 慧眼中国环球论坛2016 一带一路 中行新加坡分行行长：将继续助力中新企业参与“一带一路” “作为一家在新加坡深耕80多年的商业银行，中行新加坡分行以伴随中国企业走出来和新加坡企业走出去作为重要发展策略，以‘一带一路’金融大动脉建设助 推‘一带一路’建设。【详细】 * 新闻出版广电总局：“一带一路”沿线国家语言翻译出版人才匮乏 * 塞浦路斯表示愿成为“一带一路”参与者和建设者 * 马来西亚成立首个“一带一路”中心(组图) * “一带一路”背景下的翻译研究与教学学术论坛在中国传媒大学举行 * “一带一路”唱响联合国舞台 点击排行 * 1苏布拉·苏雷什受委为新加坡南洋理工大学校长 * 2中国－新加坡青年学者论坛活动重庆启幕 * 3百余位国内外专家学者来渝分享最新科研成果 * 4拼爹又拼哥 新加坡“幼升小”门道多 * 5推进与中资企业联手开发一带一路合作项目 * 6慧眼中国环球论坛：聚焦“一带一路”可持续发展 * 7共享单车进军海外市场 在新加坡等地遇冷 * 8新加坡经济二季度同比增长２．５％ * 9《孤独星球》评亚洲十大旅游地 新马上榜 * 10张杰：加强科技和创新国际合作 共建“一带一路”为“创新之路” 国外人工智能发展：新加坡把握数字经济增长机遇 2017年07月20日 09:35:06 来源： 人民日报 * 评论0 * * 打印 * 字大 * 字小 　　参会观众与美女机器人合影。 　　新加坡近年来出现了一些专注人工智能领域的初创企业，新加坡高等学府也纷纷推出人工智能领域相关研究计划。今年5月，新加坡国家研究基金会推出“国 家人工智能核心”(AI.SG)计划，旨在凝聚政府、科研机构与产业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的发展和应用。国家研究基金会称将在未来5年对这个 计划投资1.5亿新加坡元(1新加坡元约合4.9元人民币)，用于资助相关研究等。 　　社会对于人工智能的需求不断增长 　　“你好，我是伊维(Evie)。” 　　当收到一封这样问候开头的邮件时，也许与你沟通的是一个基于编程代码和云技术的智能聊天机器人。记者对一家新加坡人工智能企业联合创始人的采访，就 在“伊维”的安排下顺利实现了。 　　2014年，两名前雅虎员工在新加坡成立了初创企业Mimetic.ai。经过两年半的潜心开发，2016年11月，他们向市场推出了一款虚拟智能 个人助理应用“伊维”。它的任务是为用户安排会见日程，只需要把发起会见的邮件抄送给“伊维”，它就会上线与发件方电邮交流，根据用户和发件方的日程表 ，协调好各方都合适的会见时间和地点。之后“伊维”还能向用户发送日程提醒和地点信息等，甚至帮忙预订会议室。 　　这位人工智能助理不仅能够全天候、跨时区地工作，更重要的是它从不抱怨工作辛苦，而且费用十分诱人，每月只需支付19新加坡元。即使是今年7月已经 推向市场的专业版“伊维”，其价格也仅涨到35新加坡元。 　　Mimetic.ai是一家刚进入人工智能领域的新企业。对于这家企业而言，开发人工智能不只是为了实现日常事务安排的半自动化，更是要开发能够自 主工作的应用，最终把人从日常事务中解放出来，使其专注从事需要更高级别指令和认知的工作。 　　国际数据公司4月发布的报告预计，2017年全球认知和人工智能系统产生的收益将达到125亿美元，同比增长59.3%，这项收益在2020年有望 超过470亿美元；而全球企业对于认知和人工智能解决方案的投资在未来数年也将继续显著增长。 　　“现代社会对于人工智能的需求不断增长，尤其是对新加坡这样的国家，我们正朝着‘智慧国’的目标前进。”Mimetic.ai联合创始人之一普利文 ·威鲁说。在新加坡，有许多像威鲁这样的创新者，正在实现生活方式的智能化，为人们的工作和生活减负。 　　据新加坡《联合早报》报道，新加坡政府将大力推动人工智能的发展，由政府、科研机构、初创公司乃至相关企业，共同加强这方面的知识，制造有用的工具 以及培养相关人才，以便把握数字经济时代下的增长机遇。 　　推动政府、科研机构与业界实现共赢 　　威鲁告诉本报记者，目前，资金、人才和市场等不足是在新加坡经营人工智能初创企业的挑战。“人工智能首先是资金密集型产业，研发投入大、耗时长，投 资者往往不愿意大手笔投入。”威鲁举例说，Mimetic.ai在2014年成立后花了相当长时间创建最小化可行产品，直到产品出来之后才得以寻找风投 注资。其次，新加坡的技术人才储备不如中国，不能满足市场所需。“最后，东南亚地区市场非常碎片化，创建的人工智能产品需要为不同国家定制不同版本，这 增加了生产成本和难度。” 　　今年5月，新加坡国家研究基金会推出AI.SG计划，有望改变新加坡人工智能的发展困局。国家研究基金会称，将在未来五年对这个项目投资1.5亿新 加坡元，用于资助项目的研究费用等。 　　具体来说，这项计划将聚合六大角色，分别是国家研究基金会、隶属于总理公署的智慧国及数码政府工作团、经济发展局、信息通信媒体发展局、新加坡创新 机构和综合保健信息系统公司。其中，新加坡创新机构是一家初创企业，以企业家为主轴，紧密联系创办人、投资者、企业和政府机构等，帮助企业开展技术创新 ，并支持创新成果商业化和规模化。 　　这项核心计划旨在结合政府、研究机构与业界三大领域的力量，促进人工智能的应用。对于新加坡政府来说，它需要了解本国人工智能行业的研究与发展；大 学等科研机构在把研究成果转化为产品投向市场时也需要企业的帮助；而对于许多企业来说，人工智能的研究成本非常高昂，他们无力独自启动人工智能研究项目 或是成立相关专家团队。新加坡全国人工智能核心计划的宗旨正是让新加坡政府、科研机构与业界实现共赢。 　　ViSENZE是新加坡一家专注于视觉搜索和图像识别技术的人工智能公司。该公司首席执行官兼联合创始人奥利弗·陈认为，除了能够带来资金以外，通 过与政府机构合作，许多小型初创企业可以减少开发技术原型和最小化可行产品的高风险和成本。此外，一个资金更雄厚、更具协作性的运营系统将自然而然吸引 到更多人才。 　　据了解，ViSENZE孵化于清华大学和新加坡国立大学联合创建的“下一代搜索联合研究中心”。通过在机器学习和计算机视觉技术领域的深度研究和应 用，ViSENZE能为在线购买者真正实现“所见即所得”的购物体验。 　　重点开发城市管理、医疗护理及金融领域 　　AI.SG计划有三大目标：其一，解决社会与行业面临的问题，如交通拥堵与人口老龄化；其二，投资精深技能，赶上下一波科学创新的浪潮；其三，在业 界普及人工智能的使用，利用人工智能提高生产力、创造新产品，并促使人工智能方案的商业化。初步目标是在5年内促成100项这类方案，并优先侧重于城市 管理、医疗护理及金融三个领域。 　　医疗护理是目前新加坡发展人工智能技术最看重的领域，这也是新加坡卫生部控股属下的综合保健信息系统公司为什么会参与到AI.SG计划当中。该公司 希望通过数据科学、计算机科学、机器学习等改善医疗保健质量。综合保健信息系统公司总裁兼新加坡卫生部首席资讯官连水木表示，人工智能可以在预防、诊断 、制定治疗方案、管理用药、实施精准医疗和制药方面起到重要帮助作用。 　　新加坡通讯及新闻部长雅国在宣布这项计划时举例，医疗业者可利用人工智能模拟紧急状况，或创造贴近现实的扩增实境，让医护人员与虚拟病人交流，以加 强医护人员的培训。“扩增实境”是一种实时地计算摄影机影像的位置及角度并加上相应图像的技术，这种技术的目标是在屏幕上把虚拟世界套在现实世界并进行 互动。 　　AI.SG还将注重人才培养，新加坡国家研究基金会将推出奖学金等计划，吸引和培养研究人工智能领域的人才。据了解，新加坡的高校在人才培养方面已 经走在世界前列。新加坡国立大学正在将现有的互动和数字媒体研究所转型为智能系统研究所。新加坡南洋理工大学4月也曾宣布，将成立新的数据科学和人工智 能研究中心，未来3年为该研究中心投资800万新加坡元。 　　与此同时，人工智能领域的快速发展也让一些新加坡人感到担忧，担心人工智能的流行将减少就业机会。AI.SG执行主席何德华教授在接受新加坡当地媒 体采访时表示， “我希望AI.SG能扩大就业市场，为国人创造更多高薪工作。当然，被人工智能取代的员工需要接受培训来胜任新职务，这也是高等学府将面对的挑战。” 返回频道首页 【纠错】 [space.gif] [责任编辑: 田明 ] 新华炫闻客户端下载 [twoCode_xuanwen.jpg] 010020030400000000000000011103461296597371 [1.gif?z=1&_wdxid=010020030400000000000000011103461296597371] #Huashang News » Feed Huashang News » Comments Feed Huashang News » 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 Comments Feed alternate alternate Skip to content Navigation * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 ____________________ Search Everything about news Top Banner Image Primary Menu * 首页 * 本地 * 中国 * 华人 * 国际 * 财经 * 文体 * 视频 * 图片 * 招聘 ____________________ * * * * * 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 2017年6月30日 8:50 am by commercialnews 　　今年4月份，阿尔法狗迎战人类围棋选手大获全胜，马云(专题)不以为意， “大家把AlphaGo 说得天花乱坠，很恐怖的样子。我个人觉得，So TM What？”在他看来，机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。而在今天的世界智能大会上，马云发表了“智能改变 世界”的主题演讲，他认为不应该让机器像人，而是要让机器有像人一样学习的能力。机器也不应该成为人的对手，机器和人合作才有未来。 　　演讲全文长达万字 　　“人工智能”这词把人带跑偏了，所以什么是智能？ 　　我挺喜欢“世界智能大会”这个词，或者说叫做“智能”。 　　我们很快进入智能世界。对于中国有些词的翻译，我认为至少是翻译得不对，“人工智能” 这几个字听起来，我就很生气。我觉得这是不对，人把自己看得太高大，把自己过分的提升。“大数据”这个词也有问题，很多人讲这个“大”，误解很大，人家 以为大数据就是数据量很大，其实“大数据”的“大”是大计算的“大”，大计算加数据，称之为大数据。 　　人工智能，我自己这么觉得，我是这么看，人是有智慧的，机器是讲究智能的，动物是有本能的，这三个东西是不一样的。要记住一点，蒸汽机释放了人的体 力，但并没有要求蒸汽机去模仿人的臂力。计算机释放了人的脑力，但并没有让计算机去按照大脑、人脑一样去思考，机器必须要有自己的方式，人类必须要尊重 、敬畏机器的智能。机器必须要有自己独特的思考，这是我自己的一些看法。 　　如果我们把汽车去模仿人类的话，汽车应该是两条腿走路，两条腿走路的汽车永远跑不快，人类在两千年以前，人类就在思考，要是能飞就好，总是希望自己 能够长出翅膀来，但是没有想过飞机取代了人的飞行。很多的问题，我们都要有不同的思考去看问题。 　　所谓的智能世界，我们不应该让万物像人一样，而是万物像人一样去学习，如果万物都学习人，麻烦就大了，应该是万物要拥有像人一样去学习的能力，机器 是具备自己的智能、具备自己的学习的方式。 　　所以我自己觉得，人工智能这几个词，artificial intelliGEnce这几个词翻译过来总有一点误解，使得所有人希望机器怎么样像人一样去干。 　　智能世界有三个最主要的要素： 　　第一、互联网； 　　第二、大数据； 　　第三、云计算； 　　互联网，首先它是一个生产关系；大计算，计算能力，云计算是一个生产力；而大数据是生产资料，有了生产资料，生产力和生产关系。 　　单独的一台机器是不可能智能的，所有数据，以互联网为基础设施，基于互联网这一个生产关系，基于所有数据联通，基于强大的计算能力，只有这样，我们 才能进入到所谓的一个大的智能世界。智能世界是一个系统性思考，而不是单一的东西。 　　所谓人工智能，不是云计算炒完以后炒这个概念。人类进入到智能世界，是因为互联网的发展，产生了大量数据，大量的数据逼迫我们必须有强大的计算能力 去进行处理，这是一个自然的结果。 　　今天我们对于人工智能的理解还是非常之幼稚，就像一百年以前，人类对电的理解非常幼稚，认为电那就是一个电灯泡，事实上他们没有想到今天会有电饭煲 、洗衣机，有各种各样，人类会离不开电。 　　今天我们对AI也好，还是MI也好，还是混合智能也好，都没有清楚的定义。没有清楚的定义很正常，有清楚的定义就很不正常了。对于未来来讲，我们都 是婴幼儿。人类往往会高估自己，做事情成功的人，所谓有一点成就的人，特别容易高估自己，像我这样的人往往以为我看清楚了，其实根本没有看清楚。 　　这是我觉得第一个我想说明的，我们要明白，很多人工智能今天来谈的很多概念、想法，每个人都可以有不同的观点，然后你要相信你自己的观点，并且以此 去坚持。就像我们做电子商务一样，我们不是今天相信，我们十八年以前相信，坚持了十八年，才会走到今天，每个人的做法都可以不一样。 　　智能时代到底为了什么？别让机器去模仿人 　　第二个，智能时代到底为了什么？我的理解，智能时代是解决人解决不了的问题，以及了解人不能了解的东西。机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起 ，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。刚才那个机器人(19.64 +1.87%,诊股)，在我看来是很愚蠢的，把一个东西推推倒，把自己爬爬起来，我们两岁的孩子都能做的，搞了半天，命也搞出，还是不如人的灵活。 　　我最近发现很多美国学者，特别是脑外科专家进入到了人工智能的研究，并且讲出人脑怎么样，机器要像人脑一样学习，我觉得这是一个悲哀。我们人类对大 脑的了解不到5%，我们希望机器去学5%，那不是愚蠢吗。 　　所以我个人觉得，不要让机器去模仿人类，而让机器去做人做不到的事情。 　　人是造不出另外一个人的，这一点放心，人是不可能把自己头发拎起来，人不要造出人类一样的东西，连蚯蚓都造不出来，我们应该让机器做人类做不到的东 西，让机器去发展自己智能的力量、尊重机器、敬畏机器，一个巨大的系统的诞生，它会与众不同的走出不一样的东西。 　　其实数据最可怕的是我了解你，比你了解自己一样，人类这么多年来，尤其工业化的发展，工业化的发展到了顶点就是IT，就是InforMATion Technology，IT让自己越来越强大，IT让人对外部的了解越来越多，我们人类的眼睛是往外看的，所以我们看到了月亮，我们看到了火星，我们天 天在考虑是否到其它行星做一点事情，其实人类最不了解的还是自己。 　　而大数据有可能解决一个了解自己的东西，人了解自己，我们中国的佛家讲究悟，而真正的大数据把人所有的Behavior，行为数据集聚起来以后，我 们才开始对自己有一点点了解。 　　有一点是肯定的，未来的机器一定比你更了解自己，人类最后了解自己，是有可能通过机器来了解的，因为我们的眼睛是往外看的，IT往外看的，但是DT 是往内看的，往内走才是有很大的一个差异。至于前段时间比较热门的AIphaGo，人跟围棋下，我在深圳互联网大会上讲了一下，我认为这是一个悲剧，围 棋是人类自己研究出来，自己玩的东西，人要跟机器去比围棋谁下得好，我第一天就不会比，就跟人要跟汽车比谁跑步跑得快，那不是自己找没趣吗，它一定比你 算得快。 　　围棋是为人类的乐趣去学的，等对方下两步臭棋，对方的电脑根据不会下臭棋，它的脑子算得比你快，记忆力比你好，而且不会有情绪，你怎么搞得过它呢， 道理是一样，AlphaGo1.0跟G2.0比比才有意思，两辆汽车比比谁快才更好，人跟机器比谁厉害，没有意义。 　　围棋的下法，东西方有很大的差异，西方比赛是国际象棋，我把你的王吃掉，后吃掉，你就输掉了，一输百输，0跟1之间的游戏，而中国围棋的好处是共存 ，你最多比我赢了三分之目，四分之三目或者四分之一目，这是中间巨大的乐趣所在，中间的格局、布局、乐趣如果取消了，人将会失去自信。 　　我认为AlphaGo今天来看，从一百年以后来看，人类会为自己的天真和幼稚感到笑话，这些我觉得应该鼓鼓掌，很好，又怎么样呢，不解决什么问题， 只是羞辱了一下人类的智商而已。其实人类自己在羞辱，干嘛跟机器去比这些东西。尽管很多围棋高手并不以为然，没关系，允许不同的观点。 　　包括有些像城市大脑，我自己觉得智慧城市首先要有一个城市大脑，城市大脑对城市的交通、安防、医疗、保险，所有这套东西，人脑是做不出来的，按照人 脑设计一个城市大脑基本是瞎扯，所以一定是走不通的路，以原来的数据，系统和体系，能够方便，更大的一种决策。 　　未来，智能社会的利与弊 　　第三，智能社会会给我们带来什么，喜欢的人看起来都好，不喜欢的人看起来都是问题，这是我们人类的本性，我要喜欢他，我看他什么都能接受，我要讨厌 他，他哪怕笑一笑，我都很讨厌。人类进入智能社会也是一样，有很多人特喜欢，也有很多人反对，反对的人总能提出很多的威胁的理论，支持的人也能找出各种 还是理由，这是未来，这是趋势。我认为这种东西你没有办法停止它，你只能拥抱它，改变自己，适应它，我们不能改变未来，那就学会改变自己，我认为人工智 能，你是改变不了的，这是一个巨大的趋势，你只能改变自己。 　　为未来来讲，三十年也好、五十年也好，人类的冲击一定会非常之大，而且一定会非常疼痛的，任何高科技带来的问题，带来好处也会带来坏处， 　　有好一定带来坏。互联网带来好处，也一定带来社会治理的问题。现在我们天天想人活得长一点，我告诉大家，今后，由于大数据和计算能力的提升，人将活 得越来越长。这是好事还是坏事？不知道。各位在座有很多专家，应该比我懂。 　　人均年龄20岁的时候，我们只有七八亿人口，年均年龄到30岁的时候，我们已经到了20亿人口，现在我们人均年龄到了六七十岁的时候，人类人口已经 到了76亿人口。那么，请问如果人均年龄我们到了100岁的话，这个世界会有多少人？我们该怎么解决这些问题？ 　　现在70亿人的时候，我们已经觉得地球的资源不够，那么如果到了人均年龄100岁，出现两百多亿人口的时候，我们这个世界会往哪儿去，当然有一点是 肯定的，这个世界有一个程序设计，我们人类还不够智慧，摸出这个程序设计，就是人活得长的时候，生育能力一定差，会打仗的民族人口一定少，它是有一个程 序在里边的。 　　直接的影响就是很多工作就会没有。我记得我小时候，我爸说马云你必须要有一技之长，我们要学会一技，可以防身，走遍天下都不怕，我刚好相反，我认为 要啥都懂一点，啥不深，可能更好，我把边上的东西都串起来，事实上一技之长二十年以后，可能无计可施，你不改变自己，可能都不知道干什么，就业的迭代， 大批的就业没有，很正常，早做准备，你今天认为的专业技能，三十年以后都不存在了。 　　大家讲大数据很厉害，数据技术的分析师很重要，我告诉大家，大数据要靠人去分析，基本上也就完了，这个行业以后不会有，一定是计算机进行分析。刚刚 开始出来铁路的时候，人人讨厌，说把那些挑夫，挑担子的人就业没有了，但是铁路出来以后，至少增加了两百多万的铁路工人，这些东西都是产业之间的变革。 　　另外一点，现在司机很多，无人机、无人汽车、无人驾驶出来以后，大批的司机可能就没有了，不是说就业没有了，但是每次技术革命都会诞生很多新的就业 ，只是人类要去做更多有价值的东西，做人类应该做的事情，而不是去做机器要做的事情。过去的几百年，工业的发展，人类让工业做了很多人类做的事情，我们 觉得很轻松，但是人类从来没有找到什么是自己可以做得最好、做得最舒服、做得应该是人要有的东西，我觉得对于就业要有新的价值的发现，对就业，对新的价 值的判断，这是要解决的。 　　有一点是肯定的，三十年以后的就业，五十年以后的就业，一定比今天多，工资一定比今天好，但是未必是你，如果你不改变，你就没机会。所以我们这一代 人还算比较运气，但是我们的孩子如果不改变，麻烦就大，而改变孩子，在中国这样的社会，我们的父母还是有很大的决定权。 　　我经常讲，过去的工业化，我们把人变成了机器，未来的数据化，我们会把机器变成人，机器会越来越聪明，未来所谓的程序化的工作，技术化的工作，都会 变得越来越麻烦，所以我这么觉得，未来的社会应该想办法让人活得更像个人，机器更像机器，这样才是我们应该要有的社会。 　　所以我自己觉得教育也一样，我最近在搞一些教育的试点，不是一定要当第一名，教育里面就做最好的自己，每个人的性格都不一样，成为最好的自己才是我 们要努力的方向，这样大家担心就业怎么办，我觉得三十年、五十年以内，出现每天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，非常正常，大家觉得那我怎么活啊，没怎 么活，你会适应，而且你会觉得一天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，你还是很忙，你觉得休假还不够。就像我们爷爷是一天工作16个小时，在田里面挖地， 觉得很忙，我们现在一天工作8个小时，一个礼拜休息两天，只工作五天，我们总觉得不够，我告诉你，一天工作四小时，那个时候，所谓智能汽车，无人驾驶， 要重新思考人类永远在Mobile，刚才李彦宏讲的以后的Mobile的世界，这个Mobile是指数据的Mobile，人的Mobile，而不仅仅是 手指头的Mobile。 　　我觉得以前我们在工业时代、农业时代，我们一辈子可能只去三个地方，到工业时代，我们一辈子去三十个地方，到了数据时代，我们一辈子可能去三百个地 方甚至三千个地方，人永远在路上。所以这个世界的变革和机会是远远超过你的想象。 　　这些不管你愿不愿意，接受不接受，反正讲未来，你也没法证明，只能以后书上可以证明，说吧，想吧，没有想象力，人跟机器有什么区别呢。 　　人工智能是中国的巨大机会，谈数据垄断还为时过早 　　我觉得对于中国而言，人工智能毫无疑问是巨大机会。我坚信“换道超车”，我是不太相信“弯道超车”的，弯道超车，十超九翻车，而且前面那个人也不会 让你超。你以为弯道超车，你前面平道都落后了，你弯道还能超车啊，那种概率太低，别YY乱想，我们应该在不同的道上进行竞争。 　　我们在不同的道上竞争，才会有今天整个中国的互联网的发展，中国的IT基础设施太差，才会导致中国的电话太差，传统的电话实在太差，导致以移动互联 网迅速崛起，中国传统的IT基础设施太差，才有可能进入互联网和大数据，中国原来的商业零售环境太差，才有电子商务，中国原来的金融体系太不好，才会有 互联网金融。所以不好是一个机会，关键是你怎么样在不好的过程中寻找机会。 　　另外一个，机器智能和人工智能这个发展的前提是海量数据(45.76 +1.80%,诊股)，这是中国独特的国家优势。我们以前的基础设施的优势反而发挥了巨大作用，中国还没有出现大量所谓的信息垄断和数据垄断，所谓的信 息垄断现在都在政府机构里面，因为它拥有你没有的东西，而信息是数据最大的敌人，因为信息是让我自己强，我有，你没有，我才可以做得好，我才可以做得很 强，所以IT Technology会造成垄断，而DT Technology整个让信息流通起来，什么东西只要不流通的，就是信息，什么东西只要是流通的，就是数据。 　　今天有人甚至提出来，中国要防范数据垄断，数据垄断那太幼稚了，今天的数据跟物联网未来十年以后的数据来讲，啥都不是。我一直觉得最大的麻烦是中国 是最早发明四大发明的，但是我们四大发明的应用（ 就很不到位），我说了很多遍，唠唠叨叨有些东西还是不断地讲。 　　指南针是我们发明的，人家拿去做航海，我们去算命和看风水为主，火药是我们发明的，我们做鞭炮，人家去做了枪炮，其实我认为航母也是我们最早想出来 的，三国赤壁大战把船连起来是最早的航母思想，一把火烧了以后，谁都不能再碰了。我觉得，犯错误、创新都很正常，但是我们不能把自己锁在那儿。所谓的数 据垄断，在今天来提，为时过早，我们很多时候，我觉得今天，就是二十五年以前，大家能够想象互联网是今天这个样子吗，二十五年以前互联网的定义跟今天是 一样的定义吗，不是那么回事情。 　　我自己觉得，数据的时代还刚刚开始，零头都没有到，中国是有机会走出一条独特之路，我特别不喜欢很多今天的科技人员，特别是写论文为主的科技人员讲 美国做了这个事情，所以我们必须做这个事情，我们这个填补了中国在科技领域里面的空白，干嘛要填补这些空白，应该填补未来的空白，我们中美之间的比较没 有多大意义，美国有了，我们必须有一个？是未来有，我们必须要有，我们要为未来定标准，而不是以杂志定标准，更不是以美国有了这个东西，我们必须得有。 　　所以其实多花一点时间在客户上，在未来上，比多花点时间在竞争对手上要来得重要，刚才李彦宏讲贵州的事情，说他担心我们两个人吵架观点不一样，马化 腾出来打了个圆场，我根本就不知道李彦宏在那儿，我也不知道马化腾（打圆场），我在媒体上听马化腾替我们打了一个圆场，我不知道李彦宏说了什么，多花时 间在客户身上跟未来，这是我的看法，别在乎其它的，今天的时代是对未来的时代，今天大家都刚开始起跑，未来的竞技，如果是一万米跑步的话，大家都跑了十 米左右，别看边上的人是你的竞争对手，跑三千米以后，才知道谁是竞争对手，你看前面更高的高手，我不是看百度，也不是看腾讯，我们应该看看GOOGle 走到哪里，IBM走到哪里，看看世界，甚至最应该看的是未来、客户，我们的孩子们会碰上什么问题，我们去解决它。 　　我认为中国有这个能力，也有这个担当，中美之间对抗没有意义，中美之间联合起来解决问题才是有意义的，你如果说牛，跟Facebook，跟Goog le联合起来解决一个联合的问题，这才是我们这个世界应该去倡导的东西，而不是说他有，我必须有，我要把他干倒，我觉得这个时代已经过去了。 　　如何迎接数据时代的到来 　　下一个问题，我们探讨一下如何做好准备，我们做好准备数据时代的到来，冲击的是我们这帮人今天在座三十岁以上的人，你要改也有一点难度了，你的地位 未来二三十年只会摇晃、疼痛，但是我们不能让我们的孩子失去一代，最重要的是我们必须进行教育的改革。坏事是这个冲击一定会来，好事是孩子给我们留下了 一点时间。 　　教育的准备 　　还有一个好事是我们大家面对的挑战是一样的，也没有说他有这个挑战，我没有挑战，全人类的挑战都是这个挑战，全人类的机会都是一样的机会。所以我自 己觉得，我们要重新认定、重新思考我们的教育方式。 　　刚才牛津大学的维克托讲的，我非常同意，我们对教育得重新re-define一下，过去两百年，人类追求科技、追求技术、追求科学的发展，相当之了 不起，但是两三百年以前，人类追求智的发展、文化的发展、价值观的发展是相当了不起，追求科学技术的发展，让人类取得了长足的进步，但是我个人认为，也 是反动的，科学不是真理，科学是用来证明真理的，对未来和对宇宙来讲，今天的科学还是一个婴幼儿，我们应该去思考未来，教育来讲，过去两三百年知识积累 的教育，让人类取得了巨大的红利，但是未来知识会让机器越来越聪明。 　　什么是聪明，聪明就是记性比你好，算的比你快，它还体力比你强，这三样东西，人类跟机器都没法比，电脑一定比你算得快，记忆，它从来不会忘掉，它插 上电，永远不停止，你怎么搞得过它，而且它的知识越来越结构化的情况下，我们的孩子今天的教育如果依然围绕数学算得快，背书背得好，可能麻烦就来，但是 不等于放弃，我没有说放弃这个教学。 　　中国要思考教和育是两回事，教让人具备知识，育让人成为真正的人，育让我们以机器为主的这个知识和科技为主的力量有与众不同，可以活得更好。所以未 来的一百年是智慧的时代，而智慧的时代，我认为是体验的时代，是服务的时代，机器将会取代我们过去两百多年依赖的技术和科技为积累的一切的东西。 　　希望大家去思考一下，对我们的孩子，我们应该花一点什么样的精力和能力、时间，让他们以不同的方式学习，让他们学习不同的东西。经常有孩子几年前， 孩子的父母来问我，马云啊，你看我们学这个科好不好，我孩子考大学了，学了这个以后，能找到工作吗，以前能够判断四年以后这个行业行不行，现在根本很难 判断。我们原来的教育体制永远希望你成为最好的学生，我认为我们要让这些孩子做最好的人，人与机器之间，未来的竞争就是人是有智慧的，机器只能是智能。 　　另外教育，我希望我们不只专注在教知识、教文化上，还要多花点在价值观上面，因为像创意、创新、创造，这些东西，机器还是有很大的难度。 　　我坚定希望未来的孩子，多花在琴棋书画上面，音乐让孩子能够产生智慧源泉，下棋让孩子懂得格局、布局、舍和得，书诗歌懂得执着坚持，画培养想象力， 培养想象力、好奇心是我们这些孩子们未来生存的必须的条件，如果我们孩子们丧失了创新力、创造力、好奇心，那我们一定人类会输给机器。我们最怕的不是机 器学人，我们怕的是我们的教育让我们人都开始学机器的时候，这个时代、这个世界才是真正的威胁。 　　创新机制的优化 　　另外一个问题，我想谈的是关于创新。创新的主体是企业，我们说了很多年、很多遍了，刚才柳总的话，作为企业里面，我是特别认同，我觉得今天所谓的a rtificial intelligence，前两年我听见，这是什么词啊，后来发现是学者提出这个词。 　　就阿里巴巴来讲，我们做人工智能的研究和应用已经十多年了，从支付宝第一天诞生的时候，我们就用机器去学习什么是犯罪行为，因为支付宝里面骗钱的人 太多了，每天各种各样诈骗的问题，还不讲网站上抓假货。 　　但是就从骗钱的角度来讲，一个骗子，再聪明的骗子，想出十个骗的方法，这个人已经是顶尖骗子了，一般的人想出两三个骗子方法，那已经也算不错了，我 们让机器可以学会两万、三万个骗术。我们请了一大批刑警、刑事专家，让他们懂得什么是诈骗犯，机器学得更牢、学更快，从来不忘记，而且24小时不下班， 盯得非常牢，有人一上来，机器马上发现，立刻抓住，如果发现机器上一次当，再学习，机器学会，十多年下来，支付宝到目前为止没有一分钱的差错，这是普通 银行不可能做得到的事情。 　　我们并没有觉得这是多了不起的事情，到今天有人把它说得很了不起的时候，也许我们还真很了不起，我们不是因为科学需要这么一个课题，而是因为我们不 解决这个问题，我们公司明天就关门了，这个是市场的需求，没有市场这个需求，是不可能做到的，而且artificial intelligence最大的应用是防止犯罪。 　　大家知道吗，你爱一个人是没有逻辑的，我爱他，我喜欢他，我愿意为他做任何事情，是没有逻辑的，但是你恨一个人，你要想搞一个人，你一定是有逻辑的 ，为什么恨他，该怎么害他，一二三四，只要有逻辑的事情，机器都会抓住你，这个就是巨大的差异，这些差异，我认为在研究院里面是很难搞出来的。 　　所以我呼吁今天很多院士，我们老工程院的院长、副院长也在这儿，给企业里面的科学家有一些院士的身份，对中国科技进步是有帮助的。我们的院士不能都 是在院所大学里面，都很重要，但是作为第一线的士兵们，第一线的人，应该要有这样的能力，我认为就像人工、数据这些东西，不是科研院所出来，尽管理论上 推动，但是走得未来还是我们这些东西，所以请大家考虑一下，并且支持一下我这样的建议和倡议，当然我是从来没有想过当院士，自己家里当当就蛮好了，我也 当不上什么院士。 　　最后我们应该做好这样的准备，教育的准备、创新机制的准备，我们要重新定义聪明也很重要，如果我们的聪明是昨天的定义这样的聪明，我告诉你，机器会 彻底把你全部颠覆掉，人类会越来越沮丧，这个沮丧，就像一个围棋Alpha Go把人类围棋下败，我认为都不值得沮丧的事情，搞得那么多人沮丧，那么这个沮丧才刚刚开始。 　　所以我们必须重新开始，没有任何人任何事能够阻碍大数据、互联网，就象一百年以前，没有任何一个行业可以拔掉电一样，这是一个社会趋势，人类必须为 这个做充分的思想准备，知识爆炸很厉害，但是我这么觉得，两千多年来，人类知识的叠加水平是超越了一切，但是人类的智慧并没有增长。我现在看看我们的儒 家的孔子，道家的老子，我们佛家的释迦牟尼，基督教的耶稣，这些智慧我们还是不如人家，觉得还是有道理，智慧两千多年来并没有巨大的进步。 　　人类在智慧上面，是靠体验，知识是可以学来的，智慧一定是体验。我认为教和育不一样，学和习不一样，学可以获取知识，习可以让你得到智慧，人只有通 过被电刺过以后才知道这个电还是很厉害的。 　　什么叫做聪明和智慧，聪明的人知道自己要什么，智慧的人知道自己不要什么。这个世界有太多的聪明人，我们在座绝大部分人问一下，你要什么，你肯定说 我要钱，我要房子，我要什么，你都能说出来，但是不要什么，你五分钟之内答不清楚不要什么，这是人类智慧的差异。 　　我们人类一定要明白，什么事情是人类做到，机器做不到，什么事情是机器做到，想明白这些东西，面向未来，才有可能，人类没有必要害怕机器，机器是不 可能取代人类的，说一百年以内，刚才有一条，西方杂志讲，现在开始的一百年，机器将比人聪明，我告诉大家，人类还是太乐观，机器现在已经比我们聪明，只 是你不肯承认这一点而已。 　　我们要的是，不要再重现红旗法案这样的事情，在任何会议上我都会呼吁，一个社会的进步不能出现红旗法案。 　　什么叫做红旗法案，一八六几年的时候，英国最早发明汽车，汽车出来的时候，首先去砸汽车的全是马车夫，因为那时候的马车夫是白领工作，那时候的马车 夫是社会的中等收入人群，他们觉得汽车出来，把我的活给砸掉了，首先去自，并且议会政府去抗议，把这个东西关了。最后政府出了一道红旗法案，每一辆车必 须有三个人，有一个人在五十米以前拿一个红旗，汽车永远速度不能超过马车，前面要有一个人引道的，如果汽车的速度超过了马车，汽车的牌照将会吊销。 　　这三十年的红旗法案，完全阻碍了整个英国汽车工业的发展，德国追了上来，法国(专题)追上来，美国发现不错以后，美国迅速把自己变成了一个车轮上的 国家，美国既然是车轮上的国家，又把握另外一个，以石油为主的大的一次技术革命。 　　如果今天的中国已经是一个互联网上的国家，七八亿人口在上面，我们如果出一个法案，每个人说我们要帮助互联网，但是我们没有把握互联网特性，没有把 握住这些东西，很有可能自觉不自觉的出很多红旗法案。而且这样的东西，会越来越多，人类要有足够的自信，有一点是肯定的，我们人类拥有信仰，机器永远不 可能有信仰，而人类失去信仰的时候，人类就不会创新，人类就没有担当，如果失去信仰以后，你一定比不过机器。所以我自己觉得，我们对文化的自信、信仰的 自信只要存在，这个世界还是会很有机会的。 　　所以最后一句，机器不应该成为人的对手，机器和人只有合作在一起，才能解决未来，就像竞争对手一样，我们不应该联合对抗，我们应该联合起来对抗人类 未来共同的问题，共同的麻烦，只有这样，竞争只是乐趣。商场如战场，商场是你杀了他，不等于你能活好，如果天天打对手，你就变成一个职业杀手，你永远做 不了一个好人。我觉得我们这个国家科技各方面的发展一样，面对未来、面对我们的孩子、面对我们共同的挑战，去解决这些问题，才有可能，并且以不同的角度 、深度和广度对问题的看法，我们才有机会，谢谢大家。 Posted in 中国 * * * * * * 相关文章 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 我卖掉北京500万的房产，在老家生活的这两年 * 1515944549257918 俄专家解析：房峰辉案件的背后真相 * 1 (5) 保姆拐走主人儿子养26年 被拐者不想找亲生父母 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 高校抢人学者身价飙涨!有人开100万年薪800万房补 * 1 (1) “政治新星”敛财2100万 出逃不忘带名酒和情妇 * 1 妻子多次给丈夫下毒！吵一次架 下一滴毒 * 1515878022878148 嫁到中国的印度女人说：在中国才是个人 * 5434 (1) 对大陆新航线不满 台当局指示基层空管打骚扰电话 最新|New Posts 45345 (1) 政府成立监督国际组织委员会2018年1月15日 6:05 pm 政府成立监督国际组织委员会commercialnews - 2018年1月15日 6:05 pm * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, * 48648 柬派技术学员到日本实习和工作 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, * 4563453 (1) 洪森：2028年不再任总理候选人 把机会让给年轻人 2018年1月15日 5:55 pm, * 654343 工程耗资约1000万美元 贡不省游船码头将于3月奠基 2018年1月15日 5:52 pm, * 6543565 (2) 编制1000米长水布 柬埔寨要打破世界纪录 2018年1月15日 5:50 pm, Popular Posts 563563 (1) 习武30年“大师”被徐晓冬徒弟40秒打趴3次2018年1月15日 8:40 am * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, No Comment * 48648 柬派技术学员到日本实习和工作 2018年1月15日 6:01 pm, No Comment * 4563453 (1) 洪森：2028年不再任总理候选人 把机会让给年轻人 2018年1月15日 5:55 pm, No Comment * 654343 工程耗资约1000万美元 贡不省游船码头将于3月奠基 2018年1月15日 5:52 pm, No Comment Powered by WordPress | Theme: CommercialNews by ThemeCountry.com. * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 #Huashang News » Feed Huashang News » Comments Feed Huashang News » 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 Comments Feed alternate alternate Skip to content Navigation * 首页 * 关于我们 * 联系方式 ____________________ Search Everything about news Top Banner Image Primary Menu * 首页 * 本地 * 中国 * 华人 * 国际 * 财经 * 文体 * 视频 * 图片 * 招聘 ____________________ * * * * * 马云：“人工智能” 这几个字听起来 我就很生气 2017年6月30日 8:50 am by commercialnews 　　今年4月份，阿尔法狗迎战人类围棋选手大获全胜，马云(专题)不以为意， “大家把AlphaGo 说得天花乱坠，很恐怖的样子。我个人觉得，So TM What？”在他看来，机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。而在今天的世界智能大会上，马云发表了“智能改变 世界”的主题演讲，他认为不应该让机器像人，而是要让机器有像人一样学习的能力。机器也不应该成为人的对手，机器和人合作才有未来。 　　演讲全文长达万字 　　“人工智能”这词把人带跑偏了，所以什么是智能？ 　　我挺喜欢“世界智能大会”这个词，或者说叫做“智能”。 　　我们很快进入智能世界。对于中国有些词的翻译，我认为至少是翻译得不对，“人工智能” 这几个字听起来，我就很生气。我觉得这是不对，人把自己看得太高大，把自己过分的提升。“大数据”这个词也有问题，很多人讲这个“大”，误解很大，人家 以为大数据就是数据量很大，其实“大数据”的“大”是大计算的“大”，大计算加数据，称之为大数据。 　　人工智能，我自己这么觉得，我是这么看，人是有智慧的，机器是讲究智能的，动物是有本能的，这三个东西是不一样的。要记住一点，蒸汽机释放了人的体 力，但并没有要求蒸汽机去模仿人的臂力。计算机释放了人的脑力，但并没有让计算机去按照大脑、人脑一样去思考，机器必须要有自己的方式，人类必须要尊重 、敬畏机器的智能。机器必须要有自己独特的思考，这是我自己的一些看法。 　　如果我们把汽车去模仿人类的话，汽车应该是两条腿走路，两条腿走路的汽车永远跑不快，人类在两千年以前，人类就在思考，要是能飞就好，总是希望自己 能够长出翅膀来，但是没有想过飞机取代了人的飞行。很多的问题，我们都要有不同的思考去看问题。 　　所谓的智能世界，我们不应该让万物像人一样，而是万物像人一样去学习，如果万物都学习人，麻烦就大了，应该是万物要拥有像人一样去学习的能力，机器 是具备自己的智能、具备自己的学习的方式。 　　所以我自己觉得，人工智能这几个词，artificial intelliGEnce这几个词翻译过来总有一点误解，使得所有人希望机器怎么样像人一样去干。 　　智能世界有三个最主要的要素： 　　第一、互联网； 　　第二、大数据； 　　第三、云计算； 　　互联网，首先它是一个生产关系；大计算，计算能力，云计算是一个生产力；而大数据是生产资料，有了生产资料，生产力和生产关系。 　　单独的一台机器是不可能智能的，所有数据，以互联网为基础设施，基于互联网这一个生产关系，基于所有数据联通，基于强大的计算能力，只有这样，我们 才能进入到所谓的一个大的智能世界。智能世界是一个系统性思考，而不是单一的东西。 　　所谓人工智能，不是云计算炒完以后炒这个概念。人类进入到智能世界，是因为互联网的发展，产生了大量数据，大量的数据逼迫我们必须有强大的计算能力 去进行处理，这是一个自然的结果。 　　今天我们对于人工智能的理解还是非常之幼稚，就像一百年以前，人类对电的理解非常幼稚，认为电那就是一个电灯泡，事实上他们没有想到今天会有电饭煲 、洗衣机，有各种各样，人类会离不开电。 　　今天我们对AI也好，还是MI也好，还是混合智能也好，都没有清楚的定义。没有清楚的定义很正常，有清楚的定义就很不正常了。对于未来来讲，我们都 是婴幼儿。人类往往会高估自己，做事情成功的人，所谓有一点成就的人，特别容易高估自己，像我这样的人往往以为我看清楚了，其实根本没有看清楚。 　　这是我觉得第一个我想说明的，我们要明白，很多人工智能今天来谈的很多概念、想法，每个人都可以有不同的观点，然后你要相信你自己的观点，并且以此 去坚持。就像我们做电子商务一样，我们不是今天相信，我们十八年以前相信，坚持了十八年，才会走到今天，每个人的做法都可以不一样。 　　智能时代到底为了什么？别让机器去模仿人 　　第二个，智能时代到底为了什么？我的理解，智能时代是解决人解决不了的问题，以及了解人不能了解的东西。机器做人能做的事情，我觉得没有什么了不起 ，机器要做人做不到的事情才了不起。刚才那个机器人(19.64 +1.87%,诊股)，在我看来是很愚蠢的，把一个东西推推倒，把自己爬爬起来，我们两岁的孩子都能做的，搞了半天，命也搞出，还是不如人的灵活。 　　我最近发现很多美国学者，特别是脑外科专家进入到了人工智能的研究，并且讲出人脑怎么样，机器要像人脑一样学习，我觉得这是一个悲哀。我们人类对大 脑的了解不到5%，我们希望机器去学5%，那不是愚蠢吗。 　　所以我个人觉得，不要让机器去模仿人类，而让机器去做人做不到的事情。 　　人是造不出另外一个人的，这一点放心，人是不可能把自己头发拎起来，人不要造出人类一样的东西，连蚯蚓都造不出来，我们应该让机器做人类做不到的东 西，让机器去发展自己智能的力量、尊重机器、敬畏机器，一个巨大的系统的诞生，它会与众不同的走出不一样的东西。 　　其实数据最可怕的是我了解你，比你了解自己一样，人类这么多年来，尤其工业化的发展，工业化的发展到了顶点就是IT，就是InforMATion Technology，IT让自己越来越强大，IT让人对外部的了解越来越多，我们人类的眼睛是往外看的，所以我们看到了月亮，我们看到了火星，我们天 天在考虑是否到其它行星做一点事情，其实人类最不了解的还是自己。 　　而大数据有可能解决一个了解自己的东西，人了解自己，我们中国的佛家讲究悟，而真正的大数据把人所有的Behavior，行为数据集聚起来以后，我 们才开始对自己有一点点了解。 　　有一点是肯定的，未来的机器一定比你更了解自己，人类最后了解自己，是有可能通过机器来了解的，因为我们的眼睛是往外看的，IT往外看的，但是DT 是往内看的，往内走才是有很大的一个差异。至于前段时间比较热门的AIphaGo，人跟围棋下，我在深圳互联网大会上讲了一下，我认为这是一个悲剧，围 棋是人类自己研究出来，自己玩的东西，人要跟机器去比围棋谁下得好，我第一天就不会比，就跟人要跟汽车比谁跑步跑得快，那不是自己找没趣吗，它一定比你 算得快。 　　围棋是为人类的乐趣去学的，等对方下两步臭棋，对方的电脑根据不会下臭棋，它的脑子算得比你快，记忆力比你好，而且不会有情绪，你怎么搞得过它呢， 道理是一样，AlphaGo1.0跟G2.0比比才有意思，两辆汽车比比谁快才更好，人跟机器比谁厉害，没有意义。 　　围棋的下法，东西方有很大的差异，西方比赛是国际象棋，我把你的王吃掉，后吃掉，你就输掉了，一输百输，0跟1之间的游戏，而中国围棋的好处是共存 ，你最多比我赢了三分之目，四分之三目或者四分之一目，这是中间巨大的乐趣所在，中间的格局、布局、乐趣如果取消了，人将会失去自信。 　　我认为AlphaGo今天来看，从一百年以后来看，人类会为自己的天真和幼稚感到笑话，这些我觉得应该鼓鼓掌，很好，又怎么样呢，不解决什么问题， 只是羞辱了一下人类的智商而已。其实人类自己在羞辱，干嘛跟机器去比这些东西。尽管很多围棋高手并不以为然，没关系，允许不同的观点。 　　包括有些像城市大脑，我自己觉得智慧城市首先要有一个城市大脑，城市大脑对城市的交通、安防、医疗、保险，所有这套东西，人脑是做不出来的，按照人 脑设计一个城市大脑基本是瞎扯，所以一定是走不通的路，以原来的数据，系统和体系，能够方便，更大的一种决策。 　　未来，智能社会的利与弊 　　第三，智能社会会给我们带来什么，喜欢的人看起来都好，不喜欢的人看起来都是问题，这是我们人类的本性，我要喜欢他，我看他什么都能接受，我要讨厌 他，他哪怕笑一笑，我都很讨厌。人类进入智能社会也是一样，有很多人特喜欢，也有很多人反对，反对的人总能提出很多的威胁的理论，支持的人也能找出各种 还是理由，这是未来，这是趋势。我认为这种东西你没有办法停止它，你只能拥抱它，改变自己，适应它，我们不能改变未来，那就学会改变自己，我认为人工智 能，你是改变不了的，这是一个巨大的趋势，你只能改变自己。 　　为未来来讲，三十年也好、五十年也好，人类的冲击一定会非常之大，而且一定会非常疼痛的，任何高科技带来的问题，带来好处也会带来坏处， 　　有好一定带来坏。互联网带来好处，也一定带来社会治理的问题。现在我们天天想人活得长一点，我告诉大家，今后，由于大数据和计算能力的提升，人将活 得越来越长。这是好事还是坏事？不知道。各位在座有很多专家，应该比我懂。 　　人均年龄20岁的时候，我们只有七八亿人口，年均年龄到30岁的时候，我们已经到了20亿人口，现在我们人均年龄到了六七十岁的时候，人类人口已经 到了76亿人口。那么，请问如果人均年龄我们到了100岁的话，这个世界会有多少人？我们该怎么解决这些问题？ 　　现在70亿人的时候，我们已经觉得地球的资源不够，那么如果到了人均年龄100岁，出现两百多亿人口的时候，我们这个世界会往哪儿去，当然有一点是 肯定的，这个世界有一个程序设计，我们人类还不够智慧，摸出这个程序设计，就是人活得长的时候，生育能力一定差，会打仗的民族人口一定少，它是有一个程 序在里边的。 　　直接的影响就是很多工作就会没有。我记得我小时候，我爸说马云你必须要有一技之长，我们要学会一技，可以防身，走遍天下都不怕，我刚好相反，我认为 要啥都懂一点，啥不深，可能更好，我把边上的东西都串起来，事实上一技之长二十年以后，可能无计可施，你不改变自己，可能都不知道干什么，就业的迭代， 大批的就业没有，很正常，早做准备，你今天认为的专业技能，三十年以后都不存在了。 　　大家讲大数据很厉害，数据技术的分析师很重要，我告诉大家，大数据要靠人去分析，基本上也就完了，这个行业以后不会有，一定是计算机进行分析。刚刚 开始出来铁路的时候，人人讨厌，说把那些挑夫，挑担子的人就业没有了，但是铁路出来以后，至少增加了两百多万的铁路工人，这些东西都是产业之间的变革。 　　另外一点，现在司机很多，无人机、无人汽车、无人驾驶出来以后，大批的司机可能就没有了，不是说就业没有了，但是每次技术革命都会诞生很多新的就业 ，只是人类要去做更多有价值的东西，做人类应该做的事情，而不是去做机器要做的事情。过去的几百年，工业的发展，人类让工业做了很多人类做的事情，我们 觉得很轻松，但是人类从来没有找到什么是自己可以做得最好、做得最舒服、做得应该是人要有的东西，我觉得对于就业要有新的价值的发现，对就业，对新的价 值的判断，这是要解决的。 　　有一点是肯定的，三十年以后的就业，五十年以后的就业，一定比今天多，工资一定比今天好，但是未必是你，如果你不改变，你就没机会。所以我们这一代 人还算比较运气，但是我们的孩子如果不改变，麻烦就大，而改变孩子，在中国这样的社会，我们的父母还是有很大的决定权。 　　我经常讲，过去的工业化，我们把人变成了机器，未来的数据化，我们会把机器变成人，机器会越来越聪明，未来所谓的程序化的工作，技术化的工作，都会 变得越来越麻烦，所以我这么觉得，未来的社会应该想办法让人活得更像个人，机器更像机器，这样才是我们应该要有的社会。 　　所以我自己觉得教育也一样，我最近在搞一些教育的试点，不是一定要当第一名，教育里面就做最好的自己，每个人的性格都不一样，成为最好的自己才是我 们要努力的方向，这样大家担心就业怎么办，我觉得三十年、五十年以内，出现每天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，非常正常，大家觉得那我怎么活啊，没怎 么活，你会适应，而且你会觉得一天工作四个小时，一个礼拜工作三天，你还是很忙，你觉得休假还不够。就像我们爷爷是一天工作16个小时，在田里面挖地， 觉得很忙，我们现在一天工作8个小时，一个礼拜休息两天，只工作五天，我们总觉得不够，我告诉你，一天工作四小时，那个时候，所谓智能汽车，无人驾驶， 要重新思考人类永远在Mobile，刚才李彦宏讲的以后的Mobile的世界，这个Mobile是指数据的Mobile，人的Mobile，而不仅仅是 手指头的Mobile。 　　我觉得以前我们在工业时代、农业时代，我们一辈子可能只去三个地方，到工业时代，我们一辈子去三十个地方，到了数据时代，我们一辈子可能去三百个地 方甚至三千个地方，人永远在路上。所以这个世界的变革和机会是远远超过你的想象。 　　这些不管你愿不愿意，接受不接受，反正讲未来，你也没法证明，只能以后书上可以证明，说吧，想吧，没有想象力，人跟机器有什么区别呢。 　　人工智能是中国的巨大机会，谈数据垄断还为时过早 　　我觉得对于中国而言，人工智能毫无疑问是巨大机会。我坚信“换道超车”，我是不太相信“弯道超车”的，弯道超车，十超九翻车，而且前面那个人也不会 让你超。你以为弯道超车，你前面平道都落后了，你弯道还能超车啊，那种概率太低，别YY乱想，我们应该在不同的道上进行竞争。 　　我们在不同的道上竞争，才会有今天整个中国的互联网的发展，中国的IT基础设施太差，才会导致中国的电话太差，传统的电话实在太差，导致以移动互联 网迅速崛起，中国传统的IT基础设施太差，才有可能进入互联网和大数据，中国原来的商业零售环境太差，才有电子商务，中国原来的金融体系太不好，才会有 互联网金融。所以不好是一个机会，关键是你怎么样在不好的过程中寻找机会。 　　另外一个，机器智能和人工智能这个发展的前提是海量数据(45.76 +1.80%,诊股)，这是中国独特的国家优势。我们以前的基础设施的优势反而发挥了巨大作用，中国还没有出现大量所谓的信息垄断和数据垄断，所谓的信 息垄断现在都在政府机构里面，因为它拥有你没有的东西，而信息是数据最大的敌人，因为信息是让我自己强，我有，你没有，我才可以做得好，我才可以做得很 强，所以IT Technology会造成垄断，而DT Technology整个让信息流通起来，什么东西只要不流通的，就是信息，什么东西只要是流通的，就是数据。 　　今天有人甚至提出来，中国要防范数据垄断，数据垄断那太幼稚了，今天的数据跟物联网未来十年以后的数据来讲，啥都不是。我一直觉得最大的麻烦是中国 是最早发明四大发明的，但是我们四大发明的应用（ 就很不到位），我说了很多遍，唠唠叨叨有些东西还是不断地讲。 　　指南针是我们发明的，人家拿去做航海，我们去算命和看风水为主，火药是我们发明的，我们做鞭炮，人家去做了枪炮，其实我认为航母也是我们最早想出来 的，三国赤壁大战把船连起来是最早的航母思想，一把火烧了以后，谁都不能再碰了。我觉得，犯错误、创新都很正常，但是我们不能把自己锁在那儿。所谓的数 据垄断，在今天来提，为时过早，我们很多时候，我觉得今天，就是二十五年以前，大家能够想象互联网是今天这个样子吗，二十五年以前互联网的定义跟今天是 一样的定义吗，不是那么回事情。 　　我自己觉得，数据的时代还刚刚开始，零头都没有到，中国是有机会走出一条独特之路，我特别不喜欢很多今天的科技人员，特别是写论文为主的科技人员讲 美国做了这个事情，所以我们必须做这个事情，我们这个填补了中国在科技领域里面的空白，干嘛要填补这些空白，应该填补未来的空白，我们中美之间的比较没 有多大意义，美国有了，我们必须有一个？是未来有，我们必须要有，我们要为未来定标准，而不是以杂志定标准，更不是以美国有了这个东西，我们必须得有。 　　所以其实多花一点时间在客户上，在未来上，比多花点时间在竞争对手上要来得重要，刚才李彦宏讲贵州的事情，说他担心我们两个人吵架观点不一样，马化 腾出来打了个圆场，我根本就不知道李彦宏在那儿，我也不知道马化腾（打圆场），我在媒体上听马化腾替我们打了一个圆场，我不知道李彦宏说了什么，多花时 间在客户身上跟未来，这是我的看法，别在乎其它的，今天的时代是对未来的时代，今天大家都刚开始起跑，未来的竞技，如果是一万米跑步的话，大家都跑了十 米左右，别看边上的人是你的竞争对手，跑三千米以后，才知道谁是竞争对手，你看前面更高的高手，我不是看百度，也不是看腾讯，我们应该看看GOOGle 走到哪里，IBM走到哪里，看看世界，甚至最应该看的是未来、客户，我们的孩子们会碰上什么问题，我们去解决它。 　　我认为中国有这个能力，也有这个担当，中美之间对抗没有意义，中美之间联合起来解决问题才是有意义的，你如果说牛，跟Facebook，跟Goog le联合起来解决一个联合的问题，这才是我们这个世界应该去倡导的东西，而不是说他有，我必须有，我要把他干倒，我觉得这个时代已经过去了。 　　如何迎接数据时代的到来 　　下一个问题，我们探讨一下如何做好准备，我们做好准备数据时代的到来，冲击的是我们这帮人今天在座三十岁以上的人，你要改也有一点难度了，你的地位 未来二三十年只会摇晃、疼痛，但是我们不能让我们的孩子失去一代，最重要的是我们必须进行教育的改革。坏事是这个冲击一定会来，好事是孩子给我们留下了 一点时间。 　　教育的准备 　　还有一个好事是我们大家面对的挑战是一样的，也没有说他有这个挑战，我没有挑战，全人类的挑战都是这个挑战，全人类的机会都是一样的机会。所以我自 己觉得，我们要重新认定、重新思考我们的教育方式。 　　刚才牛津大学的维克托讲的，我非常同意，我们对教育得重新re-define一下，过去两百年，人类追求科技、追求技术、追求科学的发展，相当之了 不起，但是两三百年以前，人类追求智的发展、文化的发展、价值观的发展是相当了不起，追求科学技术的发展，让人类取得了长足的进步，但是我个人认为，也 是反动的，科学不是真理，科学是用来证明真理的，对未来和对宇宙来讲，今天的科学还是一个婴幼儿，我们应该去思考未来，教育来讲，过去两三百年知识积累 的教育，让人类取得了巨大的红利，但是未来知识会让机器越来越聪明。 　　什么是聪明，聪明就是记性比你好，算的比你快，它还体力比你强，这三样东西，人类跟机器都没法比，电脑一定比你算得快，记忆，它从来不会忘掉，它插 上电，永远不停止，你怎么搞得过它，而且它的知识越来越结构化的情况下，我们的孩子今天的教育如果依然围绕数学算得快，背书背得好，可能麻烦就来，但是 不等于放弃，我没有说放弃这个教学。 　　中国要思考教和育是两回事，教让人具备知识，育让人成为真正的人，育让我们以机器为主的这个知识和科技为主的力量有与众不同，可以活得更好。所以未 来的一百年是智慧的时代，而智慧的时代，我认为是体验的时代，是服务的时代，机器将会取代我们过去两百多年依赖的技术和科技为积累的一切的东西。 　　希望大家去思考一下，对我们的孩子，我们应该花一点什么样的精力和能力、时间，让他们以不同的方式学习，让他们学习不同的东西。经常有孩子几年前， 孩子的父母来问我，马云啊，你看我们学这个科好不好，我孩子考大学了，学了这个以后，能找到工作吗，以前能够判断四年以后这个行业行不行，现在根本很难 判断。我们原来的教育体制永远希望你成为最好的学生，我认为我们要让这些孩子做最好的人，人与机器之间，未来的竞争就是人是有智慧的，机器只能是智能。 　　另外教育，我希望我们不只专注在教知识、教文化上，还要多花点在价值观上面，因为像创意、创新、创造，这些东西，机器还是有很大的难度。 　　我坚定希望未来的孩子，多花在琴棋书画上面，音乐让孩子能够产生智慧源泉，下棋让孩子懂得格局、布局、舍和得，书诗歌懂得执着坚持，画培养想象力， 培养想象力、好奇心是我们这些孩子们未来生存的必须的条件，如果我们孩子们丧失了创新力、创造力、好奇心，那我们一定人类会输给机器。我们最怕的不是机 器学人，我们怕的是我们的教育让我们人都开始学机器的时候，这个时代、这个世界才是真正的威胁。 　　创新机制的优化 　　另外一个问题，我想谈的是关于创新。创新的主体是企业，我们说了很多年、很多遍了，刚才柳总的话，作为企业里面，我是特别认同，我觉得今天所谓的a rtificial intelligence，前两年我听见，这是什么词啊，后来发现是学者提出这个词。 　　就阿里巴巴来讲，我们做人工智能的研究和应用已经十多年了，从支付宝第一天诞生的时候，我们就用机器去学习什么是犯罪行为，因为支付宝里面骗钱的人 太多了，每天各种各样诈骗的问题，还不讲网站上抓假货。 　　但是就从骗钱的角度来讲，一个骗子，再聪明的骗子，想出十个骗的方法，这个人已经是顶尖骗子了，一般的人想出两三个骗子方法，那已经也算不错了，我 们让机器可以学会两万、三万个骗术。我们请了一大批刑警、刑事专家，让他们懂得什么是诈骗犯，机器学得更牢、学更快，从来不忘记，而且24小时不下班， 盯得非常牢，有人一上来，机器马上发现，立刻抓住，如果发现机器上一次当，再学习，机器学会，十多年下来，支付宝到目前为止没有一分钱的差错，这是普通 银行不可能做得到的事情。 　　我们并没有觉得这是多了不起的事情，到今天有人把它说得很了不起的时候，也许我们还真很了不起，我们不是因为科学需要这么一个课题，而是因为我们不 解决这个问题，我们公司明天就关门了，这个是市场的需求，没有市场这个需求，是不可能做到的，而且artificial intelligence最大的应用是防止犯罪。 　　大家知道吗，你爱一个人是没有逻辑的，我爱他，我喜欢他，我愿意为他做任何事情，是没有逻辑的，但是你恨一个人，你要想搞一个人，你一定是有逻辑的 ，为什么恨他，该怎么害他，一二三四，只要有逻辑的事情，机器都会抓住你，这个就是巨大的差异，这些差异，我认为在研究院里面是很难搞出来的。 　　所以我呼吁今天很多院士，我们老工程院的院长、副院长也在这儿，给企业里面的科学家有一些院士的身份，对中国科技进步是有帮助的。我们的院士不能都 是在院所大学里面，都很重要，但是作为第一线的士兵们，第一线的人，应该要有这样的能力，我认为就像人工、数据这些东西，不是科研院所出来，尽管理论上 推动，但是走得未来还是我们这些东西，所以请大家考虑一下，并且支持一下我这样的建议和倡议，当然我是从来没有想过当院士，自己家里当当就蛮好了，我也 当不上什么院士。 　　最后我们应该做好这样的准备，教育的准备、创新机制的准备，我们要重新定义聪明也很重要，如果我们的聪明是昨天的定义这样的聪明，我告诉你，机器会 彻底把你全部颠覆掉，人类会越来越沮丧，这个沮丧，就像一个围棋Alpha Go把人类围棋下败，我认为都不值得沮丧的事情，搞得那么多人沮丧，那么这个沮丧才刚刚开始。 　　所以我们必须重新开始，没有任何人任何事能够阻碍大数据、互联网，就象一百年以前，没有任何一个行业可以拔掉电一样，这是一个社会趋势，人类必须为 这个做充分的思想准备，知识爆炸很厉害，但是我这么觉得，两千多年来，人类知识的叠加水平是超越了一切，但是人类的智慧并没有增长。我现在看看我们的儒 家的孔子，道家的老子，我们佛家的释迦牟尼，基督教的耶稣，这些智慧我们还是不如人家，觉得还是有道理，智慧两千多年来并没有巨大的进步。 　　人类在智慧上面，是靠体验，知识是可以学来的，智慧一定是体验。我认为教和育不一样，学和习不一样，学可以获取知识，习可以让你得到智慧，人只有通 过被电刺过以后才知道这个电还是很厉害的。 　　什么叫做聪明和智慧，聪明的人知道自己要什么，智慧的人知道自己不要什么。这个世界有太多的聪明人，我们在座绝大部分人问一下，你要什么，你肯定说 我要钱，我要房子，我要什么，你都能说出来，但是不要什么，你五分钟之内答不清楚不要什么，这是人类智慧的差异。 　　我们人类一定要明白，什么事情是人类做到，机器做不到，什么事情是机器做到，想明白这些东西，面向未来，才有可能，人类没有必要害怕机器，机器是不 可能取代人类的，说一百年以内，刚才有一条，西方杂志讲，现在开始的一百年，机器将比人聪明，我告诉大家，人类还是太乐观，机器现在已经比我们聪明，只 是你不肯承认这一点而已。 　　我们要的是，不要再重现红旗法案这样的事情，在任何会议上我都会呼吁，一个社会的进步不能出现红旗法案。 　　什么叫做红旗法案，一八六几年的时候，英国最早发明汽车，汽车出来的时候，首先去砸汽车的全是马车夫，因为那时候的马车夫是白领工作，那时候的马车 夫是社会的中等收入人群，他们觉得汽车出来，把我的活给砸掉了，首先去自，并且议会政府去抗议，把这个东西关了。最后政府出了一道红旗法案，每一辆车必 须有三个人，有一个人在五十米以前拿一个红旗，汽车永远速度不能超过马车，前面要有一个人引道的，如果汽车的速度超过了马车，汽车的牌照将会吊销。 　　这三十年的红旗法案，完全阻碍了整个英国汽车工业的发展，德国追了上来，法国(专题)追上来，美国发现不错以后，美国迅速把自己变成了一个车轮上的 国家，美国既然是车轮上的国家，又把握另外一个，以石油为主的大的一次技术革命。 　　如果今天的中国已经是一个互联网上的国家，七八亿人口在上面，我们如果出一个法案，每个人说我们要帮助互联网，但是我们没有把握互联网特性，没有把 握住这些东西，很有可能自觉不自觉的出很多红旗法案。而且这样的东西，会越来越多，人类要有足够的自信，有一点是肯定的，我们人类拥有信仰，机器永远不 可能有信仰，而人类失去信仰的时候，人类就不会创新，人类就没有担当，如果失去信仰以后，你一定比不过机器。所以我自己觉得，我们对文化的自信、信仰的 自信只要存在，这个世界还是会很有机会的。 　　所以最后一句，机器不应该成为人的对手，机器和人只有合作在一起，才能解决未来，就像竞争对手一样，我们不应该联合对抗，我们应该联合起来对抗人类 未来共同的问题，共同的麻烦，只有这样，竞争只是乐趣。商场如战场，商场是你杀了他，不等于你能活好，如果天天打对手，你就变成一个职业杀手，你永远做 不了一个好人。我觉得我们这个国家科技各方面的发展一样，面对未来、面对我们的孩子、面对我们共同的挑战，去解决这些问题，才有可能，并且以不同的角度 、深度和广度对问题的看法，我们才有机会，谢谢大家。 Posted in 中国 * * * * * * 相关文章 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 我卖掉北京500万的房产，在老家生活的这两年 * 1515944549257918 俄专家解析：房峰辉案件的背后真相 * 1 (5) 保姆拐走主人儿子养26年 被拐者不想找亲生父母 * [thumbnail-default-related.jpg] 高校抢人学者身价飙涨!有人开100万年薪800万房补 * 1 (1) “政治新星”敛财2100万 出逃不忘带名酒和情妇 * 1 妻子多次给丈夫下毒！吵一次架 下一滴毒 * 1515878022878148 嫁到中国的印度女人说：在中国才是个人 * 5434 (1) 对大陆新航线不满 台当局指示基层空管打骚扰电话 最新|New Posts 45345 (1) 政府成立监督国际组织委员会2018年1月15日 6:05 pm 政府成立监督国际组织委员会commercialnews - 2018年1月15日 6:05 pm * 45245 (1) 千余名产妇上半月获得政府社保补助金 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2017-01-25 微软纳德拉人工智能 * 微软将与英特尔合作整合小娜和AI技术 抗衡亚马逊Echo 微软将与英特尔合作整合小娜和AI技术 抗衡亚马逊Echo 品牌君 | 2016-12-08 人工智能英特尔微软 * 张一鸣：今日头条将把人工智能在信息领域的应用推向世界 张一鸣：今日头条将把人工智能在信息领域的应用推向世界 天天品牌 | 2016-11-24 人工智能信息平台张一鸣 © Copyright 2016-2017. www.ttpp.com All Rights Reserved #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月4日 technology Home global technology 人工智能将改变律师行业 人工智能将改变律师行业 星期二, 七月 04, 2017 global, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [mp52979695_1452147788111_3.jpeg] 人工智能在律师事务所的应用迫使职业律师在不远的将来不仅要掌握相关专业知识，还要具备使用机器人开展工作的能力。虽然应用尚不普遍，但是大律所已经开 始内部研究人工智能的价值并将它们应用到工作中，目的是提高盈利能力。对于律所而言，人工智能已不再是巨大威胁，而是日常内部管理和改善与客户关系的帮 手。 然而，律师行业对人工智能的适应过程意味着专业上的改变。律所使用人工智能，对律师的其他技能也提出了要求，他们不仅需要具备专业知识，还要具备适应变 化以及编程的知识，这对于以后在律师事务中发展和使用技术是非常重要的。 事实上，这种适应对于法律专业人士来说非常重要。世界经济论坛最近表示，数字化意味着210万个工作岗位的创造和710万个岗位的消失。尽管如此，国际 律师协会还是很乐观，并在最近发表的关于人工智能和机器人及其对工作场所影响的报告中指出，律师被机器人替代的风险低于5％，同时强调要注意律师专业面 对的变化。 《金融时报》也赞同这份报告的乐观看法，同时指出，律师日常使用的23项技能中，只有5项有可能被机器人替代，包括准备法律程序资料、按顺序保存档案或 寻找相关材料等等。而这些方面的工作，有些大型律所已经使用机器人替代完成。 大型国际律所不是唯一使用智能工具的机构。伦敦大学学院、设菲尔德大学和宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员成功预测到欧洲人权法院584宗案件中79%的判决， 而西班牙一所大学5年多前就开发出一款计算软件，对美国最高法院判定的预测准确率翻83% 。尽管有上述例子,仍有一些律所对使用新技术心存疑虑，主要原因除了计算软件有可能出错和网络袭击风险以外，缺乏相关立法也是原因之一，欧洲专利法并不 对科学发现、理论和数学方法进行专利保护。 英国市场在很多领域代表着发展趋势，法律部门也不例外。美国律所是最早考虑使用人工智能的，现在84%的办公室认为引入人工智能不是一种时尚，而是一项 战略性义务，三分之二的美国律所正在推行这项战略，利用各种特殊信息工具提高工作效率，让律师专注于真正需要提供附加值的工作。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期二, 七月 04, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 Twitter 共享给 Facebook 分享到Pinterest 标签： global, technology 较新的博文 较早的博文 主页 * * [FaceBook-icon.png] [google-plus-pages-logo.png] [Logo-twitter.png] 热门新闻 * 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 新加坡Grab在私人时间追踪司机 引争议 * 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 中国驻新加坡大使空缺5个月 * “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ “新加坡航空”遭网民怒轰：李显龙总理的指示还管不管用啦！ * 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 中国媒体踢爆：李嘉诚金蝉脱壳，早已移民加拿大 * 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 特朗普当选总统一年后，新加坡经济不减反增 * 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ 气温直降到21.7度 新加坡也要“过冬”啦？ * 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____________________ (Submit) 搜索热词 早报漫画点智慧评股论经假新闻燕窝新交所叶鹏飞sony掌掴首批新加坡 [futureofus-tab.png] #南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 - RSS 南洋视界 - Atom 南洋视界 * 新加坡 * 中港台 * 国际 * 财经 * IT * 科学 * 健康 * 观点 * 文化 * 关于我们 * 广告洽询 频道 ____________________ 2017年7月3日 technology Home China technology 中国制定人工智能发展规划 中国制定人工智能发展规划 星期一, 七月 03, 2017 China, technology WhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Linkedin [14bf8654a407dd21080e25abff912f7b.jpg] 北京将公布在中国科技公司投入资源与西方对手比拼以在该领域获得控制权之际，中国最高科技官员表示，北京已经制定了全国性路线图，指导该国到2030年 前的人工智能发展。 中国科技部部校万钢周四表示，人工智能发展规划已经制定完成，并将于近日向公众公布。万钢表示，这个规划将重点推进四项工作：加强人工智能能力建设；加 快人工智能的成果向应用转化；强化政策储备，注重风险防范；加强国际合作，实现人工智能全球发展的统筹协调。 内地媒体报道了万钢在天津举行的首届世界智能大会开幕式上的讲话。万钢没有透露北京将投入多少资金开发人工智能。万钢表示，即将公布的蓝图将包括中国在 “加快人工智能人才聚集及人才储备”以及“鼓励国外人工智能企业在国内建立研究开发中心”方面的计划。 中国国内正兴起人工智能领域的投资和研发活动浪潮，大大小小的企业都希望进入这个领域。美国在该领域拥有领先优势，但是中国很多人工智能倡导者认力，中 国有很大机会最终取代其西方对手并成为全球领导者。百度公司董事长兼首席执行官李彦宏表示，中国拥有很多优势，如数据、市场和人才。 _____________ 请加入我们的Facebook、Twitter和G+，或者新浪微博获取最快资讯，我们的微信订阅号是：sgnypost Read more 时间： 星期一, 七月 03, 2017 通过电子邮件发送 BlogThis! 共享给 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Something went wrong while submitting the form 员工登入 返回首頁搜索查詢熱線：(86) 18611741512| 电邮：info@sg-group.sg 新加坡胜源集团LOGO 首页关于我们服务最新活动加入我们联系我们EN 导航栏 24 Nov 2015 他的"存在", 让你的饭碗在2020年还保得住吗？ 他的‘存在’，让你的饭碗在2020年还保得住吗？ “ 随着人工智能和机器人的发展，进入各个领域，机器人正逐渐对人类造成威胁的话题也成为热点。在经济恢复缓慢，工作难寻的当下，机器人影响人类就业更是饱 受关注。有些经济学家认为这种威胁已迫在眉睫，而另一些则认为直到本世纪末才会出现。无论时日长短，机器人不仅抢了一些人的饭碗，也对人类整体造成不容 忽视的威胁，已成为不争的事实。” 由于人工智能和智能机器的使用，不仅增加效率和减低开销。许多领域都增加对人工智能和智能机器的投资，由此依赖已衍生了重要的就业问题，不慬是「蓝领」 工人，「白领」工作也会大片消失。 据CNN报导，数字媒体未来学家兼Webbmedia集团创始人艾米。韦伯(Amy Webb)预测，在近10至20年，至少有8种职业会明显受到机器人的威胁。 以下显示哪几种职业即将被取代: 你被取代了吗？ 1. 收费站运营商和收银员 2. 市场营销人员 3. 客服人员 4. 制造业工人 5. 金融中间人和分析师 6. 新闻记者 7. 律师 8. 电话公司职员 9. 麻醉师和外科医生 10. 士兵和保安 对！ 你并没看错 财务顾问也在行列当中 胜源是如何看待智能危机而转为商机 根据零壹财经报导， “智能投顾虽然有着显著的优势，但是在钱景财富CEO赵荣春看来，智能投顾必竟是由计算机代替人工来完成的，其本质还是需要靠人来决定，比如智能理财模 型需要人工搭建，绩优产品的选择和经济周期的判断目前都需要人工进行，所以，人与机器的优势互补才能形成最佳投资体验。” 为什么人工智能和机器人没办法取代财务顾问？ 华尔街见闻此前也曾提及，虽然机器人投顾已经吸引了大批个人投资者。但与个人理财顾问相比，网络平台的机器人投顾还存在许多局限。 01. 不能给予全方位的财务管理方案 面对面的个人财务顾问除了涵盖投资领域，还需帮助客户管理现金流、制定养老计划、购买商业保险、协助大学学费贷款以及房地产贷款等。而作为完整的投资计 划理应把客户所有的理财需求都考虑在内，例如：年龄，家庭背景，健康等等。而不仅仅以简单的风险投资偏好调查为基础来调整资产配置。 02. 不能很好进行避税规划 其次，单个账户也不能很好地进行避税规划。许多投资资产需要以家庭为单位，涉及征税的投资需要全盘考虑，如将免税的资产放入需要缴税账户，将不能免税的 资产放入个人退休账户(IRA)，在IRA账户，投资资产征税延后至变现从而减免部分税收。对于上述种种节税措施，机器人投顾还难以安排妥当。 03. 不能满足客户复杂要求 在利用人工和电脑智能方面，简单的创新并不能满足客户的复杂需求，开发相关需求的基金公司也面临着对各项功能做出取舍的挑战。另有银行界人士称，机器人 投顾某种程度上可以替代分析师的定量分析，但很难替代其定性分析。 当胜源财务顾问的好处 1) 为别人的人生做出正面的影响 根据网易新闻，蚂蚁金服商学院联合清华大学发布了当代青年财商认知与行为调查报告，首度揭示了“90后”大学生的财商状况。调查结果显示， “90后”大学生的理财意识还比较薄弱，四成多“消费无计划”，40.5%的大学生消费时，没有计划、随心所欲，22.7%的大学生消费计划不明晰。 作为财务服务顾问，我们不仅帮助客户的人生进行财务规划，实现客户的财富保值与增值。同时也使顾问本身得到财务自由。 2) 学会理财越早越好 俗话说: “智商是先天的，财商是后天的”。 根据理财师多年的经验，一个人将来的飞黄腾达，从个人现在的财商就能决定。 3) 开拓人脉视野 财务顾问不仅解决个人理财问题，也会有机会接触各式企业财务保险问题。在为个人或企业提供方案时，财务顾问是必须了解对方的背景与需求，在过程中不仅结 识新朋友，还会学习到很多对人生历练有帮助的知识。 4) 2016年财务是大学生最好就业 财务管理专业今年拔得头筹，成为就业率最高的专业 5) 海外会议旅游机会 很多胜源年轻财务顾问，在30岁前就已经环游了半个地球。 如果你想要换个更具挑战性的工作环境跟胜源到新加坡如何？ 有兴趣者可以投你的简历到: info@sg-group.sg 或 联系:王先生 (18503049512) http://www.sg-group.sg/join-us.html 新加坡的工作环境 即安全又干净的城市: 当地政府管制严厉的环境和治安维护条规。在新加坡，想在路旁找到垃圾简直比中‘乐透’还难。这么一个干净的城市让人们觉得处处都像家。另外，新加坡也是 世界犯罪率最低的其中一个国家。当地居民经常能很放心把重要随身财物（例如：手提袋，手机，钱包）放在公众场合也不担心被劫走。 交通方便: 新加坡的城市规划非常规律，交通也很有效率。只要乘搭公共地铁或巴士，都能抵达你想去的地方。交通时间都在一小时之内。为了更方便当地居民抵达，当地政 府已经预计在2019年会有新地铁和巴士路线规划设立在交通比较不便的外郊区进行。 人才紧缺尤其金融等行业好就业: 作为世界主要的石油提炼及配送中心之一，作为世界主要的电子元件供应商和船舶制造和维修的佼佼者，作为拥有超过130间银行的亚洲最重要金融中心之一， 市场的繁荣带动了就业的需求。 起薪水平: 专科月薪1800新币，本科2500新币，国大南大研究生2800-3000新币。 留新工作成为永久居民好处多: 成为永久居民可以享受很多新加坡当地国民的待遇，出入境方便，能非常容易获得进入美国，加拿大，澳大利亚等国家的留学，考察，工作等各类签证；永久居民 的子女大学前教育费用由政府负担，父母只交极少量的学杂费。子女作为永久居民后，父母也可以按照有关政策办理永久居民申请。 不用担心四季: 新加坡没有春夏秋冬，你只需要一把伞为全年普照的阳光和偶尔的雨季做准备。这已经为你省下为季节做准备的庞大开支。 客服服务高: 在国内去餐厅用膳，当服务不周投诉时，你可能还得反看餐厅老板脸色。新加坡客服满意永远第一，客人永远是对的理念，让你不得向他们的服务秀出一个赞。 美食天堂: 由于新加坡是个多元种族国家，当地美食也融入不同文化的风味，让你有意犹未尽的味道。此外，政府也非常注重当地的健康标准，小贩饮食业主采用的食材都必 须达到健康标准。 关于胜源 新加坡胜源集团由全球最具规模的国际专业会计师协会——ACCA会员、新加坡特许会计师及新加坡注册金融理财师组成。 无论是企业还是个人，胜源集团将为来自全球的客户以及企业量身定制财务金融相关管理计划。为您和您的企业提供最专业，最全面，最安全的税务,财务等解决 方案。帮助您和您的公司开拓更加广阔的领域与境界。胜源集团----值得信赖。 胜源精英团队期望在此相关领域为每一位客户以及企业提供最好的咨询服务，成为您财务增值以及问题解决的最佳伙伴。 Back to news 首页关于我们服务最新活动加入我们联系我们 新加坡胜源集团LOGO Copyright 2015 by SG CENTENNIAL PTE LTD | Design by DL Ideas pte ltd #alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate alternate Download, discover, share ____________________ (Submit) Categories en Communication * Messaging Social Games * Action/Adventure Arcade Lifestyle * Fitness Food and Drink Multimedia * Audio Other Tools Productivity * Finance Personal Tools * Browsing Download Managers [logo_home.png] Download thousands of Android apps Download thousands of Android apps ____________________ (Submit) Communication Games Lifestyle Multimedia Productivity Tools DC UNCHAINED 1.0.47 DC UNCHAINED DC superheroes join forces in one explosive game Popular Now: * play store * whatsapp plus * lucky patcher * share it * gb whatsapp * bee movie * wifi hacker ultimate * youtube * sweet selfie * gallery vault * facebook * fifa 17 * ludo king * snapchat * instagram * snaptube youtube downloader hd * aptoide * azar * whatsapp All categories The latest Cylonu87 AnimeDLR Stream the latest anime episodes on your Android AnimeDLR icon 2.5.2 Mlc Code39 Create barcodes quickly and easily Code39 icon 3.0 Kongregate Realm Grinder Build your kingdom tap by tap Realm Grinder icon 3.0.3 Ateam Inc. 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We'll be back soon. #委侨新闻网 » Feed 委侨新闻网 » 评论Feed alternate alternate * 首页 * 新闻资讯 + 热点 + 委国 + 委侨 + 华人 + 乡情 * 专题导读 + 机票 + 签证 + 美金 + 银行 * 领事服务通道 + 侨务及领事保护 + 办理公证 + 办理护照、旅游证 + 办理领事认证 + 办理香港护照、身份证 + 各类表格下载 + 法律法规 + 申请中国签证 + 翻译服务 + 身份证查询 + 重要通知 + 领事工作简介 + 领事收费标准及缴费方式 + 领事部地址及办公信息 + 驾驶证查询 * 常用电话 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 名胜古迹 + 地道美食 + 特产手信 + 风俗人情 * 论坛 + 热门爆料 + 谈天说地 * 分类广告 搜索 ____________________ 委侨新闻网 * 首页 * 新闻资讯 + 热点 + 委国 + 委侨 + 华人 + 乡情 * 专题导读 + 机票 + 签证 + 美金 + 银行 * 领事服务通道 + 侨务及领事保护 + 办理公证 + 办理护照、旅游证 + 办理领事认证 + 办理香港护照、身份证 + 各类表格下载 + 法律法规 + 申请中国签证 + 翻译服务 + 身份证查询 + 重要通知 + 领事工作简介 + 领事收费标准及缴费方式 + 领事部地址及办公信息 + 驾驶证查询 * 常用电话 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 名胜古迹 + 地道美食 + 特产手信 + 风俗人情 * 论坛 + 热门爆料 + 谈天说地 * 分类广告 ____________________ 搜索 首页 新闻资讯 畅想未来科技生活 全球华媒... * 新闻资讯 * 关注 * 精选 畅想未来科技生活 全球华媒聚焦人工智能 由 venpanda - 2017年9月15日 92 摘要：“高端大气上档次的机器人，一定要低调奢华有内涵，接地气。”国家发改委宏观经济管理研究院研究员宋承敏致辞时表示，工业信息化4.0的最高境界 是实现生命化、连接化，这都离不开人工智能。 人工_副本.jpg 图为“人工智能+”菁蓉镇分论坛现场。（摄影：谢明） 人工+_副本.jpg 图为“人工智能+”菁蓉镇分论坛现场。（摄影：谢明） 海外网9月6日电（李萌 刘凌 朱惠悦）第二届海外华文新媒体高峰论坛在四川成都隆重召开。6日上午，论坛迎来“人工智能+”菁蓉镇分论坛。与会嘉宾围绕“人工智能+”主题探讨交流， 智慧激荡，描绘出一幅未来科技生活的美好远景。 “高端大气上档次的机器人，一定要低调奢华有内涵，接地气。”国家发改委宏观经济管理研究院研究员宋承敏致辞时表示，工业信息化4.0的最高境界是实现 生命化、连接化，这都离不开人工智能。发展人工智能符合未来的发展方向，符合市场经济规律，是政府的要求，也是老百姓的盼望。他说，发展机器人，要讲信 用，价格要合理。不但要紧跟消费者需求，还要跑得比消费者快，引领市场。 人民日报海外版党委书记、副总编辑李建兴在致辞时指出，近2年，人民日报海外版媒体矩阵“报网端微”，为中国人工智能的迅速发展给予了强有力的全球传播 。海内外许多媒体广泛转发传播了我们的报道。一时间，世界惊奇地发现，在人工智能方面中国将要领跑世界。前不久，9月1日的人民日报海外版整版报道了中 国人工智能发展进入新阶段，指出我国发展人工智能具有良好基础。 郫都区委副书记王忠诚指出，当前郫都区围绕“双创高地，生态新区”发展定位，在人工智能产业的布局上，充分发挥科教人才资源富集的优势，与国内人工智能 领军企业及人才强强联手，建立人工智能产业研究院，抢占未来产业发展高地，有力催生了新技术、新产业、新业态和新模式。 此外，参加论坛的还有来自各行各业的精英，他们纷纷从自己的研究视角出发，阐述人工智能在各个领域的应用现状，并畅谈未来的发展方向。 腾讯智能硬件负责人、新泽西大学博士Daniel Wu以“万物互联，万物智能”为主题，阐述了人工智能与物联网之间的紧密联系。他表示，物联网具备巨大的市场潜力，将在未来将充分融入人们的生活。作为 连接终端和服务的桥梁，智能中枢将成为整个物联网体系的战略重点。 澳门大学首席教授、IEEE院士、长江学者评委会评委唐远炎以大数据为观察视角，展示了许多人工智能的案例，并表示，人们生活的方方面面都需要智能处理 ，比如智能汽车和智能医学等。 微软亚太区人工智能及物联网高级总监John Chang表示，希望透过人工智能带来更多连接，透过人工智能，创造出物联网的新价值。 成都凯斯人工智能研究院院长王献昌长期关注无人系统集群智能化方面的应用，他从军事角度，介绍了人工智能在无人系统方面的应用，并表示，这是国家未来重 要的发展方向。 南京航空航天大学航空航天交叉研究院院长邹鸿生表示，他长期致力于“智能结构与结构电子系统”的研究，并将研究成果应用于航空、航天、汽车、医疗、能源 、机械等元件及系统设计。他还认为，给机械生命化具有十分重要的意义。 全球加速器 Founder Space 首席执行官霍夫曼（Steve Hoffman），以新奇的方式介绍了未来10年可能会出现的技术，比如“梦想技术”，通过这项技术，可以记录下来人们做梦的全过程，并在人们清醒之后 ，将梦境以视频的形式展现出来。 本届论坛由人民日报海外版、中共四川省委外宣办主办，人民日报海外网、中共成都市委外宣办承办，成都创新创业示范基地党工委（管委会）协办。论坛围绕媒 体融合、技术创新、绿色金融、人工智能等一系列“一带一路”建设和媒体发展进程中的热点话题，分设主论坛和五个平行分论坛。来自全球42个国家和地区的 102家海外华文新媒体的代表参加了本届论坛。 分享： 前一篇文章委内瑞拉发生地震 暂无人员伤亡报告 下一篇文章委内瑞拉闹饥荒 总统出奇招：何不养兔子吃兔肉 venpanda 相关文章更多作者 C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\1515574381763146.jpg 委内瑞拉发虚拟“石油币”挽救经济，能否如愿以偿？ 委内瑞拉总统马杜罗祝贺古巴革命胜利59周年 “五洲庆新春 四海共团圆” 2018全球华人... ____________________ 搜索 近期文章 * 孟加拉国手信 异国风味浓 * 孟加拉名胜 建筑交响曲 * 莆田最美的天龟旅游道 开车骑行随意切换 * 委内瑞拉发虚拟“石油币”挽救经济，能否如愿以偿？ * 孟加拉风俗 传承民间艺术 * 首页 * 新闻资讯 + 热点 + 委国 + 委侨 + 华人 + 乡情 * 专题导读 + 机票 + 签证 + 美金 + 银行 * 领事服务通道 + 侨务及领事保护 + 办理公证 + 办理护照、旅游证 + 办理领事认证 + 办理香港护照、身份证 + 各类表格下载 + 法律法规 + 申请中国签证 + 翻译服务 + 身份证查询 + 重要通知 + 领事工作简介 + 领事收费标准及缴费方式 + 领事部地址及办公信息 + 驾驶证查询 * 常用电话 * 一路风情 + 最新发布 + 名胜古迹 + 地道美食 + 特产手信 + 风俗人情 * 论坛 + 热门爆料 + 谈天说地 * 分类广告 © 2017 委侨新闻网 ｜本网站由流动媒体制作 Connecting... Profile Search & Selection Menu * About + Global Partners + CSR + Diversity & Inclusion * Services + Retained Executive Search + Exclusive Contingent Selection + Executive Assessment + Market Intelligence + Executive Interim + Non-Executive, Board Advisory & Capital Introduction * Practice Areas + Accounting & Finance + Asset & Wealth Management + Corporate & Investment Banking + Healthcare & Life Sciences + Human Resources + Insurance + Legal & Compliance + Private Equity, Private Credit & Venture Capital + Risk Management + Sales & Marketing + Supply Chain & Operations + Technology * Team * Insights * Opportunities + Job Search + Upload CV + Work For Us * Contact * Register * Login * Language * Language / 语言 * Blank 中文 * Blank English * About + Global Partners + CSR + Diversity & Inclusion * Services + Retained Executive Search + Exclusive Contingent Selection + Executive Assessment + Market Intelligence + Executive Interim + Non-Executive, Board Advisory & Capital Introduction * Practice Areas + Accounting & Finance + Asset & Wealth Management + Corporate & Investment Banking + Healthcare & Life Sciences + Human Resources + Insurance + Legal & Compliance + Private Equity, Private Credit & Venture Capital + Risk Management + Sales & Marketing + Supply Chain & Operations + Technology * Team * Insights * Opportunities + Job Search + Upload CV + Work For Us * Contact * Login * Register W1siziisimnvbxbpbgvkx3rozw1lx2fzc2v0cy9wcm9mawxllwfzawevanbnl3n1yi1iyw5 uzxiuanbnil1d (BUTTON) Language / 语言 * English * 中文 (BUTTON) Register / Sign in * Register * Sign in 产品运营VP/总监，国内智能人工智能行业巨头 Job Title: 产品运营VP/总监，国内智能人工智能行业巨头 Contract Type: Permanent Location: Shanghai, China Industry: Technology Salary: Negotiable Start Date: ASAP Reference: 2002150_1504004695 Contact Name: Even Feng Contact Email: efeng@profileasia.com Job Published: August 29, 2017 19:04 Job Description 我们的客户是国内和全球第一家专注于无人驾驶新能源领域的互联网公司，覆盖汽车全产业链，目前估值几百亿，已在全球12个城市地区建立公司设计、研发、商务等机构， 目前已经获得行业顶级PE/VC/IB几轮共计百亿体量的融资额度，公司拥有行业最核心的资金、技术和用户资源，已经开始进行多款汽车产品的研发制造，预计年底开始 批量生产； 产品运营VP/总监 职位职责： * 带领10多人团队负责公司在互联网运营业务方面管理； * 负责公司互联网化进程中数字产品的设计和整体策略规划； * 产品推出后进行产品的运营和管理工作； * 直接汇报给公司总裁兼联合创始人； * 具有绝对市场竞争力的薪水以及优厚的福利待遇，股权 任职要求： * 本科及以上学历，有成功互联网产品运营经验优先； * 负责过国内产品或在海外成功孵化和管理过顶级数字产品，负责过全链条工作经验优先； [ZXZlbi43NTU2Ni44MTAyQHByb2ZpbGVhc2lhLmFwbGl0cmFrLmNvbQ.gif] Sorry, this job has expired Sorry, this job has expired Get similar jobs like these by email ____________________ (Submit) Create alert By submitting your details you agree to our T&C's Consultant W1siziisijiwmtcvmduvmtcvmduvmzuvmjkvntavrxzlbibgzw5nlmpwzyjdlfsiccisinr odw1iiiwindawedqwmcmixv0 Even Feng Associate Director (Submit) See more of this person's jobs Share this job 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 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Submit Contact us Cookies Sitemap Login ABB in Singapore * Home * About us * Products & services * News center * Careers * ABB Group * Customer Contact Center [abb.com_NewsCenter.jpg] ABB中国年度新闻稿 * 2018年度新闻稿 * 2017年度新闻稿 * 2016年度新闻稿 * 2015年度新闻稿 * 2014年度新闻稿 * 2013年度新闻稿 * 2012年度新闻稿 * 2011年度新闻稿 * 2010年度新闻稿 * 2009年度新闻稿 * 2008年度新闻稿 * 2007年度新闻稿 * 2006年度新闻稿 * 2005年度新闻稿 * 2004年度新闻稿 * 2003年度新闻稿 * 2002年度新闻稿 * 2001年度新闻稿 * 2000年度新闻稿 ABB携手IBM开发工业人工智能解决方案 ABB Ability™与IBM Watson联手提升客户价值 苏黎世，2017年4月25日——ABB与IBM（NYSE: IBM）今天宣布进行战略合作，ABB行业领先的数字化解决方案ABB Ability将与IBM Watson物联网认知计算技术联手为电力、工业、交通和基础设施领域的客户创造新的价值。 ABB拥有深厚的行业专长以及跨行业的数字化解决方案，IBM是人工智能、机器学习及不同垂直行业领域的专家，双方的合作将使客户受益。ABB Ability与Watson将首先在工厂及智能电网两个领域合作，提供实时认知分析。 “双方的强强联手标志着工业技术发展进入新阶段，我们将不仅拥有目前收集数据的互联系统，还将在工业运营和设备中利用数据进行感知、分析、优化并采取应 对措施，帮助工业客户提升正常运行时间、速度和产量。”ABB集团首席执行官史毕福表示，“ABB在全球安装7千万台互联设备，拥有7万套正在运行的控 制系统以及6千套企业软件解决方案。作为工业领域值得信任的领导者，ABB已在工业数字化领域深耕四十余年。IBM是人工智能和认知计算领域的领导者。 IBM与ABB将携手为客户创造强大的解决方案，把握第四次工业革命带来的重大机遇。” 突破性的全新解决方案 这套突破性解决方案由ABB和IBM共同开发，将为用户提供一种全新方式应对工业领域的各项重大挑战，例如加强质量控制，减少故障停工时间，提升工业流 程的速度和产量等。这些解决方案不仅具备现有互联设备的数据收集功能，还将覆盖那些利用数据进行探测、分析并采取应对措施的有认知能力的工业设备，帮助 工人消除无效流程和冗余工作。 IBM公司董事长、总裁兼首席执行官罗睿兰表示：“与ABB的重要合作将帮助Watson更加深入地参与到制造业、电力以及交通等不同领域的工业应用中 。工业企业的产品、设备和系统中产生的数据也将大幅提升创新、效率和安全。通过Watson广泛的认知能力和该平台对工业领域的特别支持，这些数量庞大 的新资源能够转化为可信赖的价值。我们热切期待与ABB在这一全新的工业领域开展合作。” 将实时认知分析带入工厂 例如，ABB和IBM将利用Watson人工智能通过实时产品图像帮助用户识别不合格产品。这些图像由ABB系统捕获后通过IBM Watson 制造业物联网（IoT for Manufacturing）进行分析。在此之前，这一产品检查流程均由人工完成，不仅速度慢还容易产生误差。通过Watson实时认知分析直接在工厂 与ABB工业自动化技术完美的结合，用户能够提高生产线产量，同时提升生产精确性和产品一致性。该解决方案能够在产品部件的组装流程中向生产者提醒一些 人眼无法识别的关键故障，从而使质量控制专家得以快速介入。这种更加简易的问题检测将提升生产线上所有产品的质量，帮助用户避免昂贵的产品召回和蒙受信 誉损失，大幅提升竞争实力。 智能电网实时认知分析 ABB与IBM将通过Watson技术，通过提取历史和天气数据，预测发电侧及需求侧的供电模式，帮助电力客户优化运营并维护智能电网，解决目前智能电 网面临的平衡传统能源与可再生能源日益复杂性的问题。气温、光照和风速的预报将会用于预测电力消费需求，帮助电力客户决定最佳负荷管理及实时电价。 关于 IBM 欲了解IBM的更多信息，请访问www.ibm.com/iot 和 www.ibm.com/internet-of-things/iot-solutions/iot-manufacturing，或者关注IBM Twitter 账号@IBMIoT。 ABB（ABBN: SIX Swiss Ex）是全球电气产品、机器人及运动控制、工业自动化和电网领域的技术领导企业，致力于帮助电力、工业、交通和基础设施等行业客户提高业绩。基于超过1 25年的创新历史，ABB正在不断地推动能源革命和第四次工业革命，谱写行业数字化的未来。ABB集团业务遍布全球100多个国家，雇员达13.2万。 ABB在中国拥有研发、制造、销售和工程服务等全方位的业务活动，40家本地企业，1.7万名员工遍布于139个城市，线上和线下渠道覆盖全国300多 个城市。 欲进一步了解ABB，请访问http://new.abb.com/cn，新浪微博：@ABB中国，官方微信：abb_in_china，官方微信二维 码： 100 上一篇：ABB参展2017年汉诺威工业博览会：展示数字时代如何为客户创造价值 下一篇：ABB书写高压直流技术新篇章 Search _________________ [BUTTON Input] (not implemented)__ [_] News only * Rate this page positive negative Thank you for your feedback! 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焦点话题 人工智能也成风口，创业公司如何与大公司竞争？ 2016年11月8日 575 分享 如果 VR/AR 是之前一到两年资本届的宠儿，那么人工智能行业成为了以今年开始的这个时间节点的新宠，我们将其称之为节点是因为在这个行业早就有长期耕耘学术研究的机 构，也有最新涌入的硬件创业者，重点是创投圈的密切关注，这几个元素给这个行业添了一把火。 从智能机器 AlphaGo 击败人类李世石开始，人工智能（AI）行业进入了一个新的节点。 人工智能行业是一个相对技术，讲究硬实力的行业，我们大概可以看到的是这样的一种趋势——在过去一段时间，我们的硬件计算能力大幅的提高，工程算法也在 不断优化，重点是价格不断下降，这让 AI 有机会快速进入到我们的生活。 机器人一样的 AI 离我们还有多远？ 或许这并不妨碍看到一些极具有行业应用代表意义的公司，对于 AI 来说，垂直领域的应用解决的是更细分的问题、更刚需的问题，细分领域有没有机会突围成更大的平台，大公司对于 AI 的理解同创业公司有什么样的区别？如何正确地看待 AI？ ai1 在 PingWest 品玩 HAY!16 大会现场，华创资本合伙人熊伟铭、智齿科技联合创始人龙中武、有调科技创始人廖若雪、爱因科技创始人王守崑以及 Kavout 联合创始人及 CEO 吕晴进行了一场主题为《离钱最近的人工智能应用行业》的圆桌对话。 AI 与场景的结合 领域不同，AI 技术所支持的方向也不太相同，大体上业内的看法是 AI 提供的是辅助的作用。 从产品形态来看，智齿科技和爱因科技所提供的产品是现在很流行的人机对话，有调科技和 Kavout 的产品属于基于大数据的个性推荐范畴。 谈及公司与 AI 行业的渊源，龙中武认为，” 我们的团队做的产品是服务 B 端的用户，做的过程中大量服务的问题会产生，这个过程本身会消耗非常多的人力资源，消耗大量的成本，所以我们需要用技术降低成本。” ” 是不是可以做一个 Bot 解决这些问题？后来就顺着这条路，想着是不是可以做更多，做机器人学习、自我成长、场景优化，这样一点点走过来。” 爱因科技提供的服务是对话机器人，使用各种人工智能服务使对话更加顺畅，服务对象是金融和偏销售的领域。王守崑认为让机器能理解人的话，跟人产生自动对 话——最有挑战的是在于让人相信机器，怎样让人相信机器呢？ 从购物角度看，廖若雪则认为消费升级里用户越来越个性化、越来越挑剔。所以能不能用机器的方式让机器实现很了解这个人的方方面面，感性的层面、理性的层 面。很好地给他推荐东西、卖给他东西。 ” 我们看股票分析领域，传统的需要大量分析师写财报，最后我们发现由机器自动撰写财经报道，甚至由机器自动做股票分析，这块在 AI 技术上有很大的发展空间。” 吕晴认为。 ” 另外一块是从财富管理行业我们也发现一个特点，传统的财富都是通过人做一对一服务，人的成本高容量低，通过互联网和技术服务我们可以极大提升容量，让普 通人享受到以前只有高端人群才能享受的财富管理业务。” 如何客观地评价 AI 机器人？ ” 从广义上讲标准答案应该是图灵，但目前还没有哪家真正有商用的东西可以做到这个水平，所以公司就要重新调整技术在业务里扮演的地位。” ai2 龙中武认为，这个阶段在技术水平和业务结合上更多还是辅助业务，更好地优化，节省成本提升效率，更大一步地扩大人均产出。 金融行业则更好理解——为了更挣钱，做更多的投资智能组合。” 我们去看传统券商，一般券商的投研部门大概有三四十个分析师，一年最多也就跟踪一百到两百支股票，但如果我们用 AI 技术来分析股票，做股票评级的话，我们基本上可以覆盖所有股票，而且成本会更低。” 吕晴说到。 而对话机器人的评判其实并没有一个客观标准，王守崑举例称——比如现在有些竞赛，你跟一个人对话多少轮，它发现你是机器人，有些能对话十几二十轮，但对 话二十轮的肯定比对话十九轮的好吗？这个事情不一定。” 标准很难客观量化衡量，这可能也是非常有意思的一点吧。” 廖若雪则认为，” 一是提高效率，一定的客服人员加上机器后能服务多少用户；二是卖东西，卖的越多，同样情况下能卖给用户更多东西，那就是更好的 AI。第三是客户满意度，不能卖了东西之后客户不满意又回来找你算账。” 创业公司与大公司的 AI 路径 一个答案是大公司和创业公司的 AI 可能并不是一回事——小公司为了解决沉淀的刚性需求，面向垂直领域；而大公司通常会开发自己的机器学习、云计算平台、通用的人工智能。 ai3 AlphaGo 对阵李世石 ” 一般大公司不会做特别小的事情，而人工智能现在在垂直领域的应用是需要慢慢磨的相对比较小的事情。电商平台应该会愿意跟我们合作，因为我们会帮它卖得更 好。” 廖若雪谈到。 龙中武则拿做客服的业务场景为例——他们会遇到一个问题，它很难真正扎到用户的业务里，把技术融合转化成符合业务的产品，这个过程是漫长而痛苦的，大厂 通常不会做这种事情，它会做更多通用性的产品。 王守崑谈到，” 整体而言肯定是大公司的技术优势更大，但具体到某个特别小的点上，未必大公司一定有非常大的优势。” ” 我们可以看很多竞赛，最后拿奖的未必是大公司，更多是一些个人或者小团队，从这个角度出发，我觉得只要能找到合适的点、合适的切入场景，小公司在 AI 上一定是有机会的。” 熊伟铭也谈到了一个作为投资方的很有趣的观点，” ‘这小事儿我们干干还可以，大事儿留给大公司干’，但从钱的角度来讲，大家（投资方）都追逐更大的计划，所以你们怎么看待小，或者小到最后能够形成的平 台型的机会到底可能出现在哪儿？” 廖若雪认为这是一个用户逐渐迭代的过程，机器人 AI 的事情从技术上来讲或者从发展上来讲都是很早期的过程，AI 做垂直领域有价值——在于垂直领域可以把你要解决的问题限制在比较小的集合里，这样你解决问题的专注度和想要解决的问题的价值也会在垂直领域凸显出来。 ” 我举个相对近的例子吧，财富管理在 2012 年时，基于智能投顾的财富管理金额大概是 0，但不到两三个月时间发展到几十亿美金，有的公司通过智能投顾管理的金额大概到 50 亿美金了，而一些大公司才刚刚启动自己的业务。即使是很小的细分领域，只要我们把这个领域做得很透彻，做到极致，我觉得小公司也有很大的机会。” 吕晴说。 AI 创业公司的选择 谈到 “AI 行业用什么角度创业，或者加入什么创业公司比较靠谱 ” 这个问题时，龙中武认为一个事物或一个商业本身是否能成功，它是受技术、商业和市场三方面影响的，如果选择加入创业团队，一定是因为它要有核心技术，如 果它有很好的资本能力，匹配的市场又是不错的，无论是加入一个团队还是自己创业，都是不错的。 吕晴则谈到的主要观点是人工智能领域的创业对技术的要求比较高。” 人工智能本身是算法驱动型，要看这个行业里有没有足够多的数据，如果没有数据，很难用算法迭代，还有就是市场的大小，如果投资人没有意见，做小而美也是 很好的选择。” ai4 另外熊伟铭也向嘉宾提出了问题——人才对于创业公司和大公司的选择？ 龙中武谈到了如何跟大厂争夺人才，” 最关键的还是看你找的那个人是谁，有些人追求在大厂里有特定领域，但其实有些人想要的更多，不断变动的挑战，能面临更多问题，对自己更好的提升跟成长， 当然也会带来很好的财富可能，还是要找到那个人，这是比较关键的。” 王守崑则认为有些人一辈子注定是要去创业的。” 创业公司能给你更好的成长，不会把你局限在一个小范围之内，而且团队合作更紧密。” ” 大家的追求不一样，我一般很简单，你去百度，你的指导人是我以前下属的下属的下属，现在你到我这儿来，你的指导人是我。” 廖若雪说到。 分享 Facebook Twitter 上一篇文章韩系车企在小型车市场“同根相煎” 下一章文章王健林：企业不赚钱就靠讲故事 是有问题的 fortunetimesadmin 相关文章更多来自该作者 日本企业集团收购优步股份 中国共享单车仍持续发展 滴滴出行获新一轮40亿美元融资 发表回复 取消回复 _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ 发表评论 产品类别 * 杂志 评分最高的产品 * 张东孝：大象无形 $18.00 * 卓盛泉： “先锋”的 天时地利人和 $18.00 * 潘继泽：选择的背后 $18.00 * 翁山淑枝：亚洲女性代表 $18.00 * 王的地产梦帝国 $18.00 订阅 [Nov_Dec-2017.jpg] 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丽智汇《轻松谈养生》 财富浪潮 与时俱进 时代财智颁发亚洲最佳房产信托大奖 时代财智颁发亚洲顶尖企业家大奖 全部最新活动过去活动重大活动 * 视频 + video 时代财智13周年庆暨亚洲顶尖企业家颁奖晚宴隆重举行 时代财智13周年庆暨亚洲顶尖企业家颁奖晚宴隆重举行 【时代丽智奖.之一】安妮塔 video 房产信托的未来：新加坡最具潜力 video 绿地金融控股董事长耿靖博士专访 全部财智特写 ____________________ 搜索 首页 商业 人工智能也成风口，创业公司如何与大公司竞争？ * 商业 * 焦点话题 人工智能也成风口，创业公司如何与大公司竞争？ 2016年11月8日 579 分享 如果 VR/AR 是之前一到两年资本届的宠儿，那么人工智能行业成为了以今年开始的这个时间节点的新宠，我们将其称之为节点是因为在这个行业早就有长期耕耘学术研究的机 构，也有最新涌入的硬件创业者，重点是创投圈的密切关注，这几个元素给这个行业添了一把火。 从智能机器 AlphaGo 击败人类李世石开始，人工智能（AI）行业进入了一个新的节点。 人工智能行业是一个相对技术，讲究硬实力的行业，我们大概可以看到的是这样的一种趋势——在过去一段时间，我们的硬件计算能力大幅的提高，工程算法也在 不断优化，重点是价格不断下降，这让 AI 有机会快速进入到我们的生活。 机器人一样的 AI 离我们还有多远？ 或许这并不妨碍看到一些极具有行业应用代表意义的公司，对于 AI 来说，垂直领域的应用解决的是更细分的问题、更刚需的问题，细分领域有没有机会突围成更大的平台，大公司对于 AI 的理解同创业公司有什么样的区别？如何正确地看待 AI？ ai1 在 PingWest 品玩 HAY!16 大会现场，华创资本合伙人熊伟铭、智齿科技联合创始人龙中武、有调科技创始人廖若雪、爱因科技创始人王守崑以及 Kavout 联合创始人及 CEO 吕晴进行了一场主题为《离钱最近的人工智能应用行业》的圆桌对话。 AI 与场景的结合 领域不同，AI 技术所支持的方向也不太相同，大体上业内的看法是 AI 提供的是辅助的作用。 从产品形态来看，智齿科技和爱因科技所提供的产品是现在很流行的人机对话，有调科技和 Kavout 的产品属于基于大数据的个性推荐范畴。 谈及公司与 AI 行业的渊源，龙中武认为，” 我们的团队做的产品是服务 B 端的用户，做的过程中大量服务的问题会产生，这个过程本身会消耗非常多的人力资源，消耗大量的成本，所以我们需要用技术降低成本。” ” 是不是可以做一个 Bot 解决这些问题？后来就顺着这条路，想着是不是可以做更多，做机器人学习、自我成长、场景优化，这样一点点走过来。” 爱因科技提供的服务是对话机器人，使用各种人工智能服务使对话更加顺畅，服务对象是金融和偏销售的领域。王守崑认为让机器能理解人的话，跟人产生自动对 话——最有挑战的是在于让人相信机器，怎样让人相信机器呢？ 从购物角度看，廖若雪则认为消费升级里用户越来越个性化、越来越挑剔。所以能不能用机器的方式让机器实现很了解这个人的方方面面，感性的层面、理性的层 面。很好地给他推荐东西、卖给他东西。 ” 我们看股票分析领域，传统的需要大量分析师写财报，最后我们发现由机器自动撰写财经报道，甚至由机器自动做股票分析，这块在 AI 技术上有很大的发展空间。” 吕晴认为。 ” 另外一块是从财富管理行业我们也发现一个特点，传统的财富都是通过人做一对一服务，人的成本高容量低，通过互联网和技术服务我们可以极大提升容量，让普 通人享受到以前只有高端人群才能享受的财富管理业务。” 如何客观地评价 AI 机器人？ ” 从广义上讲标准答案应该是图灵，但目前还没有哪家真正有商用的东西可以做到这个水平，所以公司就要重新调整技术在业务里扮演的地位。” ai2 龙中武认为，这个阶段在技术水平和业务结合上更多还是辅助业务，更好地优化，节省成本提升效率，更大一步地扩大人均产出。 金融行业则更好理解——为了更挣钱，做更多的投资智能组合。” 我们去看传统券商，一般券商的投研部门大概有三四十个分析师，一年最多也就跟踪一百到两百支股票，但如果我们用 AI 技术来分析股票，做股票评级的话，我们基本上可以覆盖所有股票，而且成本会更低。” 吕晴说到。 而对话机器人的评判其实并没有一个客观标准，王守崑举例称——比如现在有些竞赛，你跟一个人对话多少轮，它发现你是机器人，有些能对话十几二十轮，但对 话二十轮的肯定比对话十九轮的好吗？这个事情不一定。” 标准很难客观量化衡量，这可能也是非常有意思的一点吧。” 廖若雪则认为，” 一是提高效率，一定的客服人员加上机器后能服务多少用户；二是卖东西，卖的越多，同样情况下能卖给用户更多东西，那就是更好的 AI。第三是客户满意度，不能卖了东西之后客户不满意又回来找你算账。” 创业公司与大公司的 AI 路径 一个答案是大公司和创业公司的 AI 可能并不是一回事——小公司为了解决沉淀的刚性需求，面向垂直领域；而大公司通常会开发自己的机器学习、云计算平台、通用的人工智能。 ai3 AlphaGo 对阵李世石 ” 一般大公司不会做特别小的事情，而人工智能现在在垂直领域的应用是需要慢慢磨的相对比较小的事情。电商平台应该会愿意跟我们合作，因为我们会帮它卖得更 好。” 廖若雪谈到。 龙中武则拿做客服的业务场景为例——他们会遇到一个问题，它很难真正扎到用户的业务里，把技术融合转化成符合业务的产品，这个过程是漫长而痛苦的，大厂 通常不会做这种事情，它会做更多通用性的产品。 王守崑谈到，” 整体而言肯定是大公司的技术优势更大，但具体到某个特别小的点上，未必大公司一定有非常大的优势。” ” 我们可以看很多竞赛，最后拿奖的未必是大公司，更多是一些个人或者小团队，从这个角度出发，我觉得只要能找到合适的点、合适的切入场景，小公司在 AI 上一定是有机会的。” 熊伟铭也谈到了一个作为投资方的很有趣的观点，” ‘这小事儿我们干干还可以，大事儿留给大公司干’，但从钱的角度来讲，大家（投资方）都追逐更大的计划，所以你们怎么看待小，或者小到最后能够形成的平 台型的机会到底可能出现在哪儿？” 廖若雪认为这是一个用户逐渐迭代的过程，机器人 AI 的事情从技术上来讲或者从发展上来讲都是很早期的过程，AI 做垂直领域有价值——在于垂直领域可以把你要解决的问题限制在比较小的集合里，这样你解决问题的专注度和想要解决的问题的价值也会在垂直领域凸显出来。 ” 我举个相对近的例子吧，财富管理在 2012 年时，基于智能投顾的财富管理金额大概是 0，但不到两三个月时间发展到几十亿美金，有的公司通过智能投顾管理的金额大概到 50 亿美金了，而一些大公司才刚刚启动自己的业务。即使是很小的细分领域，只要我们把这个领域做得很透彻，做到极致，我觉得小公司也有很大的机会。” 吕晴说。 AI 创业公司的选择 谈到 “AI 行业用什么角度创业，或者加入什么创业公司比较靠谱 ” 这个问题时，龙中武认为一个事物或一个商业本身是否能成功，它是受技术、商业和市场三方面影响的，如果选择加入创业团队，一定是因为它要有核心技术，如 果它有很好的资本能力，匹配的市场又是不错的，无论是加入一个团队还是自己创业，都是不错的。 吕晴则谈到的主要观点是人工智能领域的创业对技术的要求比较高。” 人工智能本身是算法驱动型，要看这个行业里有没有足够多的数据，如果没有数据，很难用算法迭代，还有就是市场的大小，如果投资人没有意见，做小而美也是 很好的选择。” ai4 另外熊伟铭也向嘉宾提出了问题——人才对于创业公司和大公司的选择？ 龙中武谈到了如何跟大厂争夺人才，” 最关键的还是看你找的那个人是谁，有些人追求在大厂里有特定领域，但其实有些人想要的更多，不断变动的挑战，能面临更多问题，对自己更好的提升跟成长， 当然也会带来很好的财富可能，还是要找到那个人，这是比较关键的。” 王守崑则认为有些人一辈子注定是要去创业的。” 创业公司能给你更好的成长，不会把你局限在一个小范围之内，而且团队合作更紧密。” ” 大家的追求不一样，我一般很简单，你去百度，你的指导人是我以前下属的下属的下属，现在你到我这儿来，你的指导人是我。” 廖若雪说到。 分享 Facebook Twitter 上一篇文章韩系车企在小型车市场“同根相煎” 下一章文章王健林：企业不赚钱就靠讲故事 是有问题的 fortunetimesadmin 相关文章更多来自该作者 日本企业集团收购优步股份 中国共享单车仍持续发展 滴滴出行获新一轮40亿美元融资 发表回复 取消回复 _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ______________________________ 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北京7月21日（EFE）.-中国政府已经推出了三阶段计划到2030年，以应用这些成为人工智能（AI）领域的领导者 技术，工业，城市规划，农业，国防，报道了官方人民日报。 在战略，经国务院（执行） 它指出，生产AI-相关技术在2025年到2030年，达到22.000亿，2020年60.000亿14.7万亿元，“将中国 在这一领域及其应用的领先国家的水平。“ 据咨询公司普华永道，这个计划可能有助于在国内生产总值同比增长26％ 中国，第二大经济体。 在官方声明已经引起了科技行业非常兴奋，并已造成今天相关公司的股份 人工智能将加大对上海证券交易所1.25％，是官方的新华社报道 在最近几个月关于人工智能的消息 他们乘中国媒体，从无人驾驶汽车的发展由当地公司，如机器人和网络助手互联网搜索引擎百度的发展 类似Siri的苹果公司开发的。 相关文章 * ????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 Arsenalna?????105.5??????????????????19.. * Vattenfall?????Gamesa????3?????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ????????Vattenfall?????????????????????.. * ?????????????????????Uber?Cabify?VTC 28/11/2017 - 0 ????????????????????24????????????????V.. * ?????NH??????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ?????????????NH?????????????????2020???.. * ???????????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ???????????????????????????????????????.. * ????????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ?????????????PE????????????????????????.. * EC??12?12??????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 ??????EC?????????????12?12?????????????.. * ??????????????? 28/11/2017 - 0 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Morgan)、花旗集团(Citigroup)、通用电气(General Electric)及英特尔(Intel)。这些大企业公布的未来大计将会对今个季度的表现攸关重要，并会为环球经济全年的状况给予一点指印。 本周将会公布的经济数据包括纽约联储制造业调查报告(Empire State survey)及费城联储调查 (Philadelphia Fed survey)。还有就是通胀数据，像生产物价指数(PPI)及消费物价指数(CPI)将分别在星期二及星期三公布。零售数字也备受关注，12月份的报 告预期将会在星期二公布。 中国在上周五公布了国内生产总值(GDP)、零售数字及工业产值报告。出口数字比预期佳令全球的船运领域及商品股均走高。 此外，新加坡政府在上周末宣布了新系列的冷却住宅产业市场的措施。 交易策略方面，大家请记住，我们已进入1月份的业绩报告期！因此，在进场前，我们要查看企业公布业绩的日期及多做一点功课。海指自2012年11月以来 已经涨升超过10%，我们觉得持股的风险越来越高，因为市场的超买情况十分严重。小股上周的表现令人兴奋，但海指的走势失色是因为专业交易员及基金经理 套利所导致。如果投资者需要为组合对冲，大华银行(UOB)、华侨银行(OCBC)、星展集团(DBS)及城市发展(City Development)应该是不错的卖空对象。海指最靠近的阻力位大约是在3,250点，支持位是在3,090点。在更多坏消息可能出炉前，投资者或 许可以考虑在接下来的几个星期先套利。 * 相关文章 * Prima 资源的图表出现潜在突破信号 2015/05/25 * 毅之安将会出现强力回弹吗？ 2015/01/09 * 中华食品工业集团是否会出现强力的回弹？ 2014/11/07 返回顶部 欢迎, 访客! ( 登入 | 注册 ) 手机网站 | 整体网站 [English] | 版权和恕不受理 | 规定与条件 | 保密政策 © 2008 版权所有。先锋出版私人有限公司。 #alternate alternate alternate Ethics and Artificial Intelligence NYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade your browser. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Letter Ethics and Artificial Intelligence SEPT. 14, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images To the Editor: Re “How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence,” by Oren Etzioni (Op-Ed, Sept. 2): Last year, my lab at Georgia Tech created Jill Watson, an A.I.-powered virtual teaching assistant designed to help answer students’ questions in the discussion forum of an online class on artificial intelligence. To assess Jill’s performance properly, we chose not to reveal her identity until the conclusion of the class. Mr. Etzioni characterized our experiment as an effort to “fool” students. The point of the experiment was to determine whether an A.I. agent could be indistinguishable from human teaching assistants on a limited task in a constrained environment. (It was.) When we did tell the students about Jill, their response was uniformly positive. We were aware of the ethical issues and obtained approval of Georgia Tech’s Institutional Review Board, the office responsible for making sure that experiments with human subjects meet high ethical standards. We believe that experiments like Jill are critical for deeply understanding the emerging ethics of artificial intelligence. ASHOK GOEL, ATLANTA The writer is a professor of computer science at Georgia Institute of Technology. Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Opinion | Op-Ed Contributor How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence By OREN ETZIONISEPT. 1, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Isaac Lawrence/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images The technology entrepreneur Elon Musk recently urged the nation’s governors to regulate artificial intelligence “before it’s too late.” Mr. Musk insists that artificial intelligence represents an “existential threat to humanity,” an alarmist view that confuses A.I. science with science fiction. Nevertheless, even A.I. researchers like me recognize that there are valid concerns about its impact on weapons, jobs and privacy. It’s natural to ask whether we should develop A.I. at all. I believe the answer is yes. But shouldn’t we take steps to at least slow down progress on A.I., in the interest of caution? The problem is that if we do so, then nations like China will overtake us. The A.I. horse has left the barn, and our best bet is to attempt to steer it. A.I. should not be weaponized, and any A.I. must have an impregnable “off switch.” Beyond that, we should regulate the tangible impact of A.I. systems (for example, the safety of autonomous vehicles) rather than trying to define and rein in the amorphous and rapidly developing field of A.I. I propose three rules for artificial intelligence systems that are inspired by, yet develop further, the “three laws of robotics” that the writer Isaac Asimov introduced in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except when such orders would conflict with the previous law; and a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the previous two laws. These three laws are elegant but ambiguous: What, exactly, constitutes harm when it comes to A.I.? I suggest a more concrete basis for avoiding A.I. harm, based on three rules of my own. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime First, an A.I. system must be subject to the full gamut of laws that apply to its human operator. This rule would cover private, corporate and government systems. We don’t want A.I. to engage in cyberbullying, stock manipulation or terrorist threats; we don’t want the F.B.I. to release A.I. systems that entrap people into committing crimes. We don’t want autonomous vehicles that drive through red lights, or worse, A.I. weapons that violate international treaties. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Our common law should be amended so that we can’t claim that our A.I. system did something that we couldn’t understand or anticipate. Simply put, “My A.I. did it” should not excuse illegal behavior. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story My second rule is that an A.I. system must clearly disclose that it is not human. As we have seen in the case of bots — computer programs that can engage in increasingly sophisticated dialogue with real people — society needs assurances that A.I. systems are clearly labeled as such. In 2016, a bot known as Jill Watson, which served as a teaching assistant for an online course at Georgia Tech, fooled students into thinking it was human. A more serious example is the widespread use of pro-Trump political bots on social media in the days leading up to the 2016 elections, according to researchers at Oxford. My rule would ensure that people know when a bot is impersonating someone. We have already seen, for example, @DeepDrumpf — a bot that humorously impersonated Donald Trump on Twitter. A.I. systems don’t just produce fake tweets; they also produce fake news videos. Researchers at the University of Washington recently released a fake video of former President Barack Obama in which he convincingly appeared to be speaking words that had been grafted onto video of him talking about something entirely different. (Submit) My third rule is that an A.I. system cannot retain or disclose confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information. Because of their exceptional ability to automatically elicit, record and analyze information, A.I. systems are in a prime position to acquire confidential information. Think of all the conversations that Amazon Echo — a “smart speaker” present in an increasing number of homes — is privy to, or the information that your child may inadvertently divulge to a toy such as an A.I. Barbie. Even seemingly innocuous housecleaning robots create maps of your home. That is information you want to make sure you control. My three A.I. rules are, I believe, sound but far from complete. I introduce them here as a starting point for discussion. Whether or not you agree with Mr. Musk’s view about A.I.’s rate of progress and its ultimate impact on humanity (I don’t), it is clear that A.I. is coming. Society needs to get ready. Oren Etzioni is the chief executive of the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on September 2, 2017, on Page A19 of the New York edition with the headline: How to Regulate Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times SundayReview|Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u6rjvu 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview Artificial Intelligence Is Stuck. Here’s How to Move It Forward. Gray Matter By GARY MARCUS JULY 29, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Jun Cen Artificial Intelligence is colossally hyped these days, but the dirty little secret is that it still has a long, long way to go. Sure, A.I. systems have mastered an array of games, from chess and Go to “Jeopardy” and poker, but the technology continues to struggle in the real world. Robots fall over while opening doors, prototype driverless cars frequently need human intervention, and nobody has yet designed a machine that can read reliably at the level of a sixth grader, let alone a college student. Computers that can educate themselves — a mark of true intelligence — remain a dream. Even the trendy technique of “deep learning,” which uses artificial neural networks to discern complex statistical correlations in huge amounts of data, often comes up short. Some of the best image-recognition systems, for example, can successfully distinguish dog breeds, yet remain capable of major blunders, like mistaking a simple pattern of yellow and black stripes for a school bus. Such systems can neither comprehend what is going on in complex visual scenes (“Who is chasing whom and why?”) nor follow simple instructions (“Read this story and summarize what it means”). Although the field of A.I. is exploding with microdiscoveries, progress toward the robustness and flexibility of human cognition remains elusive. Not long ago, for example, while sitting with me in a cafe, my 3-year-old daughter spontaneously realized that she could climb out of her chair in a new way: backward, by sliding through the gap between the back and the seat of the chair. My daughter had never seen anyone else disembark in quite this way; she invented it on her own — and without the benefit of trial and error, or the need for terabytes of labeled data. Presumably, my daughter relied on an implicit theory of how her body moves, along with an implicit theory of physics — how one complex object travels through the aperture of another. I challenge any robot to do the same. A.I. systems tend to be passive vessels, dredging through data in search of statistical correlations; humans are active engines for discovering how things work. Advertisement Continue reading the main story To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places “top down” and “bottom up” knowledge on equal footing. Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina. Top-down knowledge comprises cognitive models of the world and how it works. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors. But it is no use when it comes to top-down knowledge. If my daughter sees her reflection in a bowl of water, she knows the image is illusory; she knows she is not actually in the bowl. To a deep-learning system, though, there is no difference between the reflection and the real thing, because the system lacks a theory of the world and how it works. Integrating that sort of knowledge of the world may be the next great hurdle in A.I., a prerequisite to grander projects like using A.I. to advance medicine and scientific understanding. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story I fear, however, that neither of our two current approaches to funding A.I. research — small research labs in the academy and significantly larger labs in private industry — is poised to succeed. I say this as someone who has experience with both models, having worked on A.I. both as an academic researcher and as the founder of a start-up company, Geometric Intelligence, which was recently acquired by Uber. Academic labs are too small. Take the development of automated machine reading, which is a key to building any truly intelligent system. Too many separate components are needed for any one lab to tackle the problem. A full solution will incorporate advances in natural language processing (e.g., parsing sentences into words and phrases), knowledge representation (e.g., integrating the content of sentences with other sources of knowledge) and inference (reconstructing what is implied but not written). Each of those problems represents a lifetime of work for any single university lab. Corporate labs like those of Google and Facebook have the resources to tackle big questions, but in a world of quarterly reports and bottom lines, they tend to concentrate on narrow problems like optimizing advertisement placement or automatically screening videos for offensive content. There is nothing wrong with such research, but it is unlikely to lead to major breakthroughs. Even Google Translate, which pulls off the neat trick of approximating translations by statistically associating sentences across languages, doesn’t understand a word of what it is translating. I look with envy at my peers in high-energy physics, and in particular at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, a huge, international collaboration, with thousands of scientists and billions of dollars of funding. They pursue ambitious, tightly defined projects (like using the Large Hadron Collider to discover the Higgs boson) and share their results with the world, rather than restricting them to a single country or corporation. Even the largest “open” efforts at A.I., like OpenAI, which has about 50 staff members and is sponsored in part by Elon Musk, is tiny by comparison. An international A.I. mission focused on teaching machines to read could genuinely change the world for the better — the more so if it made A.I. a public good, rather than the property of a privileged few. Gary Marcus is a professor of psychology and neural science at New York University. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on July 30, 2017, on Page SR6 of the New York edition with the headline: A.I. Is Stuck. Let’s Unstick It. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * Gray Matter Science and society. * Two Lessons of the Urban Crime Decline JAN 13 * Is Your Child Lying to You? That’s Good JAN 5 * The Only Way to Keep Your Resolutions DEC 29 * How Protest Works OCT 21 * Why Are Millennials Wary of Freedom? OCT 14 See More » What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book By Lauren Tousignant * View author archive * email the author * follow on twitter * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » August 29, 2017 | 3:19pm Modal Trigger Artificial intelligence is writing the next ‘Game of Thrones’ book HBO More On: artificial intelligence Male sex dolls with bionic penises are coming soon Scientists develop self-healing robot muscles 5 terrifying stories that warn of an AI apocalypse This AI system keeps mistaking desert snaps for child porn Winter is kind of here. “Game of Thrones” fans have grown so impatient for George R.R. Martin to finish the next “A Song of Ice And Fire” book – the series that the HBO show is based on – that an artificial intelligence system just wrote the beginning of the sixth book. Zack Thoutt, a “GoT” fan and software engineer, created a type of AI, known as a recurrent neural network. Thoutt fed the machine all 5,376 pages of the five current books and it generated predictions on what will happen next. While the AI’s effort is definitely not a Martin novel, the sentences are mostly easy to understand and the predictions reportedly align with some popular fan theories. The machine also started each chapter with a character’s name, just as Martin does. “It’s obviously not perfect,” Thoutt told Motherboard. “It isn’t building a long-term story and the grammar isn’t perfect. But the network is able to learn the basics of the English language and structure of George R.R. Martin’s style on its own.” Thoutt added that Martin’s made up words and locations made it that much more difficult for the AI to figure out. The AI also wasn’t able to realize that some characters had died and continued on with their storyline. You can read The first five chapters of the project on GitHub. So far, the series consists of “A Game of Thrones” (1996,) “A Clash of Kings” (1998,) “A Storm of Swords” (2000,) “A Feast for Crows” (2005) and “A Dance With Dragons” (2011.) “The Winds of Winter” is expected to be the next book but no one, not even Martin, knows when it will be finished. The last time he commented on it was in July and mentioned he was still working on it. “I am still months away (how many? good question,)” Martin wrote in a post on his live journal. “I still have good days and bad days and that’s all I care to say.” The final, six-episode season of “GoT” won’t air until spring 2019. 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See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by SundayReview | Opinion The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence 查看简体中文版 Leer en español By KAI-FU LEEJUNE 24, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo Credit Rune Fisker BEIJING — What worries you about the coming world of artificial intelligence? Too often the answer to this question resembles the plot of a sci-fi thriller. People worry that developments in A.I. will bring about the “singularity” — that point in history when A.I. surpasses human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us, turning us, in effect, into cyborgs. These are interesting issues to contemplate, but they are not pressing. They concern situations that may not arise for hundreds of years, if ever. At the moment, there is no known path from our best A.I. tools (like the Google computer program that recently beat the world’s best player of the game of Go) to “general” A.I. — self-aware computer programs that can engage in common-sense reasoning, attain knowledge in multiple domains, feel, express and understand emotions and so on. This doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, the A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to radically transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created, leading to unprecedented economic inequalities and even altering the global balance of power. It is imperative that we turn our attention to these imminent challenges. What is artificial intelligence today? Roughly speaking, it’s technology that takes in huge amounts of information from a specific domain (say, loan repayment histories) and uses it to make a decision in a specific case (whether to give an individual a loan) in the service of a specified goal (maximizing profits for the lender). Think of a spreadsheet on steroids, trained on big data. These tools can outperform human beings at a given task. Advertisement Continue reading the main story This kind of A.I. is spreading to thousands of domains (not just loans), and as it does, it will eliminate many jobs. Bank tellers, customer service representatives, telemarketers, stock and bond traders, even paralegals and radiologists will gradually be replaced by such software. Over time this technology will come to control semiautonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the computer revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs (artisans, personal assistants who use paper and typewriters) and replacing them with other jobs (assembly-line workers, personal assistants conversant with computers). Instead, it is poised to bring about a wide-scale decimation of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. Imagine how much money a company like Uber would make if it used only robot drivers. Imagine the profits if Apple could manufacture its products without human labor. Imagine the gains to a loan company that could issue 30 million loans a year with virtually no human involvement. (As it happens, my venture capital firm has invested in just such a loan company.) We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-domain” thinking — for example, the work of a trial lawyer. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, bartenders, concierges — professions requiring nuanced human interaction. But here, too, there is a problem: How many bartenders does a society really need? Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, the Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The solution to the problem of mass unemployment, I suspect, will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, mentoring at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at Alcoholics Anonymous — or, potentially soon, Virtual Reality Anonymous (for those addicted to their parallel lives in computer-generated simulations). The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers who serve as the “human interface” for A.I. programs that diagnose cancer. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. Who will pay for these jobs? Here is where the enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands comes in. It strikes me as unavoidable that large chunks of the money created by A.I. will have to be transferred to those whose jobs have been displaced. This seems feasible only through Keynesian policies of increased government spending, presumably raised through taxation on wealthy companies. Advertisement Continue reading the main story As for what form that social welfare would take, I would argue for a conditional universal basic income: welfare offered to those who have a financial need, on the condition they either show an effort to receive training that would make them employable or commit to a certain number of hours of “service of love” voluntarism. To fund this, tax rates will have to be high. The government will not only have to subsidize most people’s lives and work; it will also have to compensate for the loss of individual tax revenue previously collected from employed individuals. This leads to the final and perhaps most consequential challenge of A.I. The Keynesian approach I have sketched out may be feasible in the United States and China, which will have enough successful A.I. businesses to fund welfare initiatives via taxes. But what about other countries? They face two insurmountable problems. First, most of the money being made from artificial intelligence will go to the United States and China. A.I. is an industry in which strength begets strength: The more data you have, the better your product; the better your product, the more data you can collect; the more data you can collect, the more talent you can attract; the more talent you can attract, the better your product. It’s a virtuous circle, and the United States and China have already amassed the talent, market share and data to set it in motion. For example, the Chinese speech-recognition company iFlytek and several Chinese face-recognition companies such as Megvii and SenseTime have become industry leaders, as measured by market capitalization. The United States is spearheading the development of autonomous vehicles, led by companies like Google, Tesla and Uber. As for the consumer internet market, seven American or Chinese companies — Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent — are making extensive use of A.I. and expanding operations to other countries, essentially owning those A.I. markets. It seems American businesses will dominate in developed markets and some developing markets, while Chinese companies will win in most developing markets. The other challenge for many countries that are not China or the United States is that their populations are increasing, especially in the developing world. While a large, growing population can be an economic asset (as in China and India in recent decades), in the age of A.I. it will be an economic liability because it will comprise mostly displaced workers, not productive ones. So if most countries will not be able to tax ultra-profitable A.I. companies to subsidize their workers, what options will they have? I foresee only one: Unless they wish to plunge their people into poverty, they will be forced to negotiate with whichever country supplies most of their A.I. software — China or the United States — to essentially become that country’s economic dependent, taking in welfare subsidies in exchange for letting the “parent” nation’s A.I. companies continue to profit from the dependent country’s users. Such economic arrangements would reshape today’s geopolitical alliances. One way or another, we are going to have to start thinking about how to minimize the looming A.I.-fueled gap between the haves and the have-nots, both within and between nations. Or to put the matter more optimistically: A.I. is presenting us with an opportunity to rethink economic inequality on a global scale. These challenges are too far-ranging in their effects for any nation to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Kai-Fu Lee is the chairman and chief executive of Sinovation Ventures, a venture capital firm, and the president of its Artificial Intelligence Institute. Follow The New York Times Opinion section on Facebook and Twitter (@NYTopinion), and sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter. A version of this op-ed appears in print on June 25, 2017, on Page SR4 of the New York edition with the headline: The Real Threat of Artificial Intelligence. Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. * * * * What's Next Loading... 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Back to Reading * News * Metro * Page Six * Sports * Business * Opinion * Entertainment * Fashion * Living * Media * Tech * Real Estate * Sub Menu 1 + Video + Photos + Covers + Columnists + Horoscopes + Email Newsletters + Home Delivery * Sub Menu 2 + Page Six TV * Sign in Sections Search ____________________ (search) Search Tips Sign Up New York Post Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Tech Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos By Nicolas Vega * View author archive * email the author * Get author RSS feed Name(required) ____________________ Email(required) ____________________ Comment(required) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Submit » October 11, 2017 | 5:42pm Modal Trigger Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Getty Images More On: porn 'Daddy' is the new MILF Women are watching more porn: reports 20-year-old porn star dies days after spending holidays alone 2017's porn was defined by MILFs, lesbians and Japanese cartoons Pornhub, the largest purveyor of adult videos on the Internet, said it will begin using robot software to comb through, categorize and tag the thousands of X-rated videos on its site. The machine-learning software will be able not only to identify actors’ and actresses’ faces and body types, but also the kinds of sex acts they’re performing in each video. The idea is to tag them accordingly to make it easier for visitors to find exactly what kind of smut they’re looking for with a search engine. To accomplish this, the team at Pornhub has compiled a massive database of images of porn stars’ faces, as well as different sex positions, and taught robots to recognize them. The program has begun to methodically go through each and every one of the more than 5 million videos on Pornhub, one second at a time, to break down precisely what is happening onscreen. In addition to recognizing a performer’s face, the AI can also identify characteristics such as hair color and bust size. Visitors to the site will be able to give the machine learning program feedback on its identification skills, which Pornhub says will make it improve over time. With an eye towards privacy, Pornhub’s vice president of operations Corey Price assured The Post that amateur pornographers and victims of revenge porn need not worry that they will be outed by the program. Stephen K. Woo “Our model only scans for professional porn stars in our database, all of whom have consented to being in adult videos,” he said. The AI technology will be limited to Pornhub for now, but will expand to sister sites, such as YouPorn, in late 2018 and early 2019. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , porn , porn stars Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Read Next Astronauts go on spacewalk to grease robot arm's new hand Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 46,958 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos James Cameron speaks out about Eliza Dushku molestation claims 44,731 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos The rookie who ruined Saints' season looked broken 42,180 Pornhub will use AI to sort its smutty videos Bride says 'orgasm shot' before the big day saved her sex life Now On James Marsden’s son makes runway debut Aaron Rodgers and Danica Patrick are no longer in hiding Sharon Stone had to relearn ‘everything’ after brain hemorrhage SEE ALL Video [wheelchair_climber_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h= 200&crop=1] 0:39 Wheelchair won't stop athlete from climbing mountains Now On ‘Body of Evidence’ At 25: Is The Razzie-Winning Sex Thriller As Bad As Its Reputation? 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Scientists discover how to make people dream while they're awake The terrifying ways an asteroid could wipe out life on Earth Fingerprint test can tell if you've recently used a condom A top computer expert has said there is a grave risk of artificial intelligence breaking free of human control and turning on its creators. It’s believed that driverless cars are set to take over our roads within 20 years. But the computer systems they depend on could potentially become so complicated that even the scientists who create them won’t understand exactly how they work. This means they could make what we might describe as “out of character” decisions during critical moments. This could mean a car decides to swerve into pedestrians or crash into a speed barrier instead of taking the decision to drive sensibly. Michael Wooldridge, Professor of Computer Science at Oxford University told a select committee meeting on artificial intelligence: “Transparency is a big issue.” “You can’t extract a strategy.” He told the Committee, appointed to consider the implications of artificial intelligence, that there “will be consequences” if engineers weren’t able to unlock the opaque nature of super smart algorithms. He said there were plenty of amazing opportunities within the industry that Britain should be harnessing – adding that someone studying AI at Oxford University could expect to become a millionaire in “a couple of years.” But Wooldridge is not alone in his concerns that the tech could run amock if not reigned in. Several scientists have admitted they cannot fully understand the super smart systems they have built, suggesting that we could lose control of them altogether. If they can’t figure out how the algorithms (the formulas which keep computers performing the tasks we ask them to do) work, they won’t be able to predict when they fail. Tommi Jaakkola, a professor at MIT who works on applications of machine learning has previously warned: “If you had a very small neural network [deep learning algorithm,] you might be able to understand it.” “But once it becomes very large and it has thousands of units per layer and maybe hundreds of layers, then it becomes quite un-understandable.” There was the famous example of the two Facebook bots that created their own language because it was more effective to communicate in their own secret lingo than what its creators were trying to train it in. Several big technology firms have been asked to be more transparent about how they create and apply deep learning. This includes Google, which has recently installed an ethics board to keep tabs on its AI branch, DeepMind. Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Filed under artificial intelligence , robots , science , technology Share this article: Share this: * Facebook * Twitter * Google * Facebook Messenger * WhatsApp * Email * Copy * Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Read Next Apple teams with Spielberg for streaming TV series Share Selection Trending Now on NYPost.com 46,958 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans James Cameron speaks out about Eliza Dushku molestation claims 44,731 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans The rookie who ruined Saints' season looked broken 42,180 Future AI could ‘go rogue’ and turn on humans Bride says 'orgasm shot' before the big day saved her sex life Now On James Marsden’s son makes runway debut Aaron Rodgers and Danica Patrick are no longer in hiding Sharon Stone had to relearn ‘everything’ after brain hemorrhage SEE ALL Video [wheelchair_climber_wp.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=300&h= 200&crop=1] 0:39 Wheelchair won't stop athlete from climbing mountains Now On ‘Body of Evidence’ At 25: Is The Razzie-Winning Sex Thriller As Bad As Its Reputation? 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Tesla, SpaceX CEO says AI poses 'fundamental existential risk for human civilization.' Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs logo * Buzz * Video * podcasts * Newsletter Musk: Government needs to regulate artificial intelligence Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 11:44 a.m. ET July 17, 2017 | Updated 3:47 p.m. ET July 17, 2017 162 Shares facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103755702 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk has called artificial intelligence "a fundamental risk to the existence of human civilization." Video provided by Newsy Newslook Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk says the government should consider regulations for artificial intelligence because it poses "a fundamental existential risk for human civilization." Musk made the comments over the weekend during the National Governors Association's summer meeting in Providence, R.I. Musk says AI is the "scariest problem" because of its potential to harm humans beyond just disrupting the job market. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/2C-A797y8dA?feature=oembed Musk wants the government to set regulations in place to root out threats early. "AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than reactive," said Musk. "By the time we’re reactive in AI regulation, it’s too late." AI's more immediate impact will likely be economic, as robots continue to gain traction among companies. "There will certainly be a lot of job disruption because what’s going to happen is robots will be able to do everything better than us," he said. This is not the first time Musk has voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI. In a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog, Musk warned of the significant threat AI could pose to humanity. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but that it will follow the will of people that establish its optimization function, and if that is not well thought out — even if intent is benign — it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said. Once considered fantasy, AI is becoming more of a reality as tech companies incorporate it into more of its future plans. One key use of AI: the rise of digital voice assistants, including Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Google's Assistant. Follow Brett Molina on Twitter: @brettmolina23. facebook share twitter share email share email share Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2v9QyPn Most Popular * Toto's $19,000 Floating Tub has a heated headrest and "brings freedom from gravity, releasing stress on joints and encouraging ultimate relaxation." Here's what we wanted to see from CES, but didn't * The My Special Aflac Duck for children facing cancer is seen on display during the CES Unveiled preview event at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center during CES 2018 in Las Vegas. This Aflac robot duck helps kids living with cancer * Clio is a new concept robot shown off by LG at the Consumer Electronics Show These cute robots want to replace Amazon Echo in your home * This is Sony's Aibo robot dog. 5 more cool things we saw at CES 2018 * An attendee uses a flashlight on his smartphone to view a display at the Nikon booth after power was lost inside the central hall during CES 2018 at the Las Vegas Convention Center on January 10, 2018. Too many TVs at CES? For nearly two hours the power went out at the biggest electronics show of the year #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support The Guardian Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Business * Economics * Banking * Money * Markets * Project syndicate * B2B (Submit) More Economics Automation will affect one in five jobs across the UK, says study Workers in shadow chancellor John McDonnell’s constituency face highest risk of being replaced by robots, says research Larry Elliott, Economics editor Tue 17 Oct 2017 06.16 BST First published on Mon 16 Oct 2017 23.59 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. [_] Rise of machines? Survey reveals most people are not very worried about being replaced by a machine. Photograph: Alamy Stock Photo Workers in the constituency of shadow chancellor John McDonnell are at the highest risk of seeing their jobs automated in the looming workplace revolution that will affect at least one in five employees in all parliamentary seats, according to new research. The thinktank Future Advocacy – which specialises in looking at the big 21st century policy changes – said at least one-fifth of jobs in all 650 constituencies were at high risk of being automated, rising to almost 40% in McDonnell’s west London seat of Hayes and Harlington. The thinktank’s report also found that the public was largely untroubled by the risk that their job might be at threat. Only 2% of a sample of more than 2,000 people were very worried that they might be replaced by a machine, with a further 5% fairly worried. More than 70% of US fears robots taking over our lives, survey finds Read more Future Advocacy’s report has been based on a PWC study earlier this year showing that more than 10 million workers were at risk of being replaced by automation and represents the first attempt to show the impact at local level. The thinktank said McDonnell’s seat would be affected because it contains Heathrow airport, which has a large number of warehousing jobs that could be automated. Of the 92,150 employees in Hayes and Harlington in 2015, 36,170 (39.3%) were at high risk of having their jobs automated by the early 2030s. Crawley – the seat that includes Gatwick airport – was seen as the second most vulnerable constituency. Future Advocacy said its report was an “attempt to encourage a geographically more sophisticated understanding of, and response to, the future of work, and also an attempt to encourage MPs to pay more attention to this critical issue”. Opinion is divided on the likely impact of the artificial intelligence revolution on jobs. Optimists have said that the lesson from history is that technological change leads to more jobs being created than destroyed, while pessimists have argued that AI is different because the new machines will be able to do intellectual as well as routine physical tasks. “One thing that almost all economists agree on is that change is coming and that its scale and scope will be unprecedented. Automation will impact different geographies, genders, and socioeconomic classes differently,” the report noted. It added that “the highest levels of future automation are predicted in Britain’s former industrial heartlands in the Midlands and the north of England, as well as the industrial centres of Scotland. These are areas which have already suffered from deindustrialisation and many of them are unemployment hot spots.” Olly Buston, one of the report’s authors, said it was vital that lessons were learned from the 1980s. “Let’s not have a repeat of the collapse of the coal-mining industry,” he said. “Instead, we should have a smarter strategy.” Noting that there would be a political pay off for the party that came up with the best strategy for coping with the robot age, the report makes a number of recommendations for the government. They include: publishing a white paper on adapting the education system so that it focuses on creativity and interpersonal skills in addition to the stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and maths; developing a post-Brexit migration policy that allows UK-based AI companies and universities to attract the best talent; exploring ways to ensure the benefits of the AI revolution are spread through research into alternative income and taxation models, including investigation of a universal basic income; and conducting further detailed research to assess which employees were most at risk of losing their jobs. map of job losses The report said that it was “arguably automation – rather than globalisation – that has created the economic and social conditions that led to political shockwaves such as the election of Donald Trump and the vote for Brexit. “As artificial intelligence supercharges automation over the next decade, and this hits different groups differently, there will again profound social and political consequences. Our politicians should surely consider this carefully.” The report found that the leaders of the four main Westminster parties represented seats where more than 25% of jobs were at high risk of being automated, while the constituency with the lowest proportion of high-risk jobs was Labour-held Edinburgh South. High-risk constituencies typically contained large numbers of people working in transport or manufacturing, while lower-risk constituencies – including Edinburgh South, Wirral West and Oxford East – had high concentrations of workers employed in education and health. Topics * Economics * Robots * Work & careers * Artificial intelligence (AI) * John McDonnell * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Economics%2CRobots%2CTechnolo gy%2CWork+%26+careers%2CBusiness%2CMoney%2CArtificial+intelligence+%28A I%29%2CUK+news%2CJohn+McDonnell%2CPolitics] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support The Guardian Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian view * Columnists * Cartoons * Opinion videos * Letters (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Opinion Social media bots threaten democracy. But we are not helpless Ever-more sophisticated Facebook and Twitter bots can sway political opinions. We have the technology to counter this – we need the will to use it Samuel Woolley and Marina Gorbis Mon 16 Oct 2017 15.57 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 10.56 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close Two people exchanging information via smartphone [_] ‘It appears that in 2016, bots were deliberately unleashed on social media to sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms.’ Photograph: PhotoAlto/Alamy Can social bots – pieces of software that perform automated tasks – influence humans on social media platforms? That’s a question congressional investigators are asking social media companies ever since fears emerged that they were deployed in 2016 to influence the presidential election. Half a decade ago we were among a handful of researchers who could see the power of relatively simple pieces of software to influence people. Back in 2012, the Institute for the Future, for which we work, ran an experimental contest to see how they might be used to influence people on Twitter. The winning bot was a “business school graduate” with a “strong interest in post-modern art theory”, which racked up 14 followers and 15 retweets or replies from humans. To us, this confirmed that bots can generate followers and conversations. In other words, they can influence social media users. We saw their power as potential tools for social good – to warn people of earthquakes or to connect peace activists. But we also saw that they can be used for social ill – to spread falsehoods or skew online polls. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. When we published papers and the findings of our experiments on bots, they were reported in the popular press. So why didn’t the alarm spread to the tech, policy and social activist communities before automated social media manipulation became front-page news in 2017? Since 2012, thanks to investments in online marketing, bots have become far more sophisticated than the models in our experiment. Those who build bots now spend time and effort generating believable personas that often have a powerful presence on multiple sites and can influence thousands of people instead of just a few. Innovations in natural language processing, increases in computational power, and cheaper, more readily available data allow social bots to be more believable as real people and more effective in altering the flow of information. Over the last five years, this type of bot usage has been mapped on to political communications. Research from several universities, including Oxford and the University of Southern California, shows that bots can be used to make politicians and political ideas look more popular than they are or to massively scale up attacks upon the opposition. It appears that in 2016, they were deliberately unleashed on social media to do just that – sway voter opinion by spreading fake news and deceiving trending algorithms. And political manipulation over social media has very real implications for the 2018 US midterm elections. Recent research suggests that those initiating digital propaganda campaigns are beginning to focus their attentions upon specific subsections of the US population and constituencies in swing states. The more focused such attacks become, the more likely they are to have a significant effect on electoral outcomes. Furthermore, the unrealized promises of “psychographic” targeting, marketed by groups like Cambridge Analytica in 2016, may be achieved in 2018 with technological advancements. Social media platforms may be able to track and report on political advertisements from foreign entities, but will they divulge information on pervasive and personalized advertising from their domestic political clients? This is a pressing question, because social bots are likely to continue to grow in sophistication. At a recent roundtable on the Future of AI and Democracy, several technology experts forecast that bots will become even more persuasive, more emotional and more personalized. They will be able to not just spread information, but to truly converse and persuade their human interlocutors in order to even more effectively push the latter’s emotional buttons. Bring together advances in neuroscience, the ability to analyze massive amounts of behavioral data and the proliferation of sensors and connectivity and you have a powerful recipe for affecting society though computational means. So what do we need to do to stop this technology from going astray? Consider the advances in modern oceanography. In the not too distant past, scientists collected samples and measurements from the ocean floor episodically –in select places and at specific times. The data was limited and usually not shared widely. Threats were not easily detected. Today, we find portions of an ocean floor instrumented with wireless interactive sensors and cameras that enable scientists (and laypeople) to see what is happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This allows scientists to “take the pulse” of the ocean, forecast a range of possible threats and suggest powerful interventions when needed. If we can do this for monitoring our oceans, we can do it for our social media platforms. The principles are the same – aggregating multiple streams of data, making such data transparent, applying the best analytical and computational tools to uncover patterns and detect signals of change. Then we will be able to provide such data to experts and laypeople, including technology companies, policymakers, journalists, and citizens of political bot attacks or other large-scale disinformation campaigns before these take hold. We know how to do this in many realms, what we need now is the will to apply this knowledge to our social media environment. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Opinion * Social media * Twitter * Blogging * Digital media * Internet * comment * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CSocial+media%2CTwitter%2CBlogging%2CDigital+media%2CInternet%2CMe dia%2CNewspapers+%26+magazines%2CTechnology%2CUS+news%2CElections+past% 2CPolitics%2CPolitics+past%2CWorld+news%2CComputing%2CRobots] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support The Guardian Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Live Q&A Reboot your career with a job in robotics – live chat If you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence, ask our experts for advice on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST * We are leaving comments open until midnight on 18 October, as this Q&A started late due to technical difficulties. If you would like to ask our experts a question, please comment below Charlotte Seager @CharlotteSeager Email Sun 15 Oct 2017 10.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 14.57 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close An artificial Intelligence project utilizing a humanoid robot from French company Aldebaran [_] Do you want to work with robots? Photograph: Mike Blake/Reuters In the last year robots have got a bad rep. Headlines have dubbed machines our “future bosses”, with economists predicting more than 40% of UK jobs will be automated by 2030. But as machine learning improves, there is one sector which is booming: robotics. In the last three years the number of jobs in artificial intelligence (AI) has increased by almost 500%, according to data from Indeed. Currently, there are more than double the number of jobs than applicants – with companies fighting to grab the best talent. So if you are a techie interested in a robotics career, what skills do you need? “[AI] isn’t rocket science. But it requires a lot of components – waveform analysis to interpret the audio, machine learning to teach a machine how to recognise objects, encryption to protect the information,” writes David Kosbie, an associate professor in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University. “People who create this type of technology must be able to work in teams and integrate solutions created by other teams.” There’s also a technical side to the work. Whether you would like to become a robotics scientist, developer or algorithm specialist – you will likely need work experience or a degree related to computer science. So, if you are interested in a career in artificial intelligence and are looking for more tips on how to break into the sector, join us on Wednesday 18 October from 1–2.30pm BST for a live chat with our expert panel. We’ll be discussing: * What skills and qualifications are needed for a career in AI * Types of roles and jobs available in the sector * How to break into the industry * CV, job application and cover letter tips The Q&A will take place in the comments section below this article. Taking part is easier than ever: create a free Guardian account, or log in using your Twitter or Facebook profiles to comment. Alternatively, you can tweet us @GuardianCareers or email your questions to charlotte.seager@theguardian.com, who can post them for you. Panel Aurélie de Sainte Preuve is chief product officer for Seenit, an AI app which allows companies to crowdsource their smartphone footage so they can film without a crew. Previously, she worked in activation and growth for Spotify. Alireza Abouhossein is a postdoctoral fellow at the institute of design, robotics, and optimisation at the school of mechanical engineering, University of Leeds. He received his doctorate in biomechanics with Magna Cum Luade from the University of Bern, Switzerland. Sam Frons is founder and chief executive of Addicaid, an award-winning behaviour change platform that predicts, treats, and prevents addiction disorders. Her work is based on the latest findings in artificial intelligence, with the app empowering individuals to make healthy choices. Paul Mason is director for emerging and enabling technologies at Innovate UK. Mason is responsible for programmes in emerging technologies and industries; in areas such as electronics, photonics, electrical systems and robotics. Prior to this, he worked as deputy director of research and chief scientific advisor for the government. Hadeel Ayoub is a researcher in arts and computational technology at Goldsmiths, University of London and the chief technology officer of Re-Voice. She recently developed a talking glove that uses AI to translate sign language into speech, which won the Innovation Award at the Wearable Technology show in 2016. Michal Szczesny is chief operating officer at Artfinder, an AI art finding app. Working in software development for over 10 years, in head of technology roles he has architected to build a number of highly complex projects, including The Labour Party’s Membership system, multi-channel marketing communication delivery platforms and more. Aida Mehonic is a principal at ASI. She specialises in the development of alternative data sources for financial market predictions and has led data science projects for investment funds and central government. Before ASI she spent four years working in quantitative roles in financial markets, and holds a PhD in theoretical Physics. Timur Kalimov is head of products and services for HyperScience, an artificial intelligence company specialising in the automation of office work for Global 2000 companies and government organisations. James Kotecki is the founding principal of The Kotecki Group, which helps tech companies explain and validate their work through customer stories. He is the former head of communications at Automated Insights, where he spoke in the media about how “robot writing” software wasn’t going to replace jobs. Looking for a job? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Live+Q%26A%2CLive+Q+and+A%2CG uardian+Careers%2CLive+Q%26As%2CWork+%26+careers%2CRobots%2CArtificial+ intelligence+%28AI%29%2CComputing%2CTechnology] #Future of Life Institute » Feed Future of Life Institute » Comments Feed Future of Life Institute » iCal Feed Future of Life Institute » Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence Comments Feed alternate alternate Future of Life Institute RSS2 Feed * Twitter * Facebook * Home * Who We Are + Team + 2015 Annual Report + 2016 Annual Report + Tax Forms * Activities + AI + Upcoming Events + Past Events + Press + Newsletters * Existential Risk + Artificial Intelligence + Biotechnology + Nuclear Weapons + Climate Change * Get Involved + Job Postings * Contact Technology is giving life the potential to flourish like never before... dead tree image ...or to self-destruct. Let's make a difference! Future of Life Institute * News: * AI * Biotech * Nuclear * Climate * Partner Orgs * Search benefits and risks of artificial intelligence Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence “Everything we love about civilization is a product of intelligence, so amplifying our human intelligence with artificial intelligence has the potential of helping civilization flourish like never before – as long as we manage to keep the technology beneficial.“ Max Tegmark, President of the Future of Life Institute Click here to see this page in other languages: Chinese Japanese Korean Russian French What is AI? From SIRI to self-driving cars, artificial intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly. While science fiction often portrays AI as robots with human-like characteristics, AI can encompass anything from Google’s search algorithms to IBM’s Watson to autonomous weapons. Artificial intelligence today is properly known as narrow AI (or weak AI), in that it is designed to perform a narrow task (e.g. only facial recognition or only internet searches or only driving a car). However, the long-term goal of many researchers is to create general AI (AGI or strong AI). While narrow AI may outperform humans at whatever its specific task is, like playing chess or solving equations, AGI would outperform humans at nearly every cognitive task. Why research AI safety? In the near term, the goal of keeping AI’s impact on society beneficial motivates research in many areas, from economics and law to technical topics such as verification, validity, security and control. Whereas it may be little more than a minor nuisance if your laptop crashes or gets hacked, it becomes all the more important that an AI system does what you want it to do if it controls your car, your airplane, your pacemaker, your automated trading system or your power grid. Another short-term challenge is preventing a devastating arms race in lethal autonomous weapons. In the long term, an important question is what will happen if the quest for strong AI succeeds and an AI system becomes better than humans at all cognitive tasks. As pointed out by I.J. Good in 1965, designing smarter AI systems is itself a cognitive task. Such a system could potentially undergo recursive self-improvement, triggering an intelligence explosion leaving human intellect far behind. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a superintelligence might help us eradicate war, disease, and poverty, and so the creation of strong AI might be the biggest event in human history. Some experts have expressed concern, though, that it might also be the last, unless we learn to align the goals of the AI with ours before it becomes superintelligent. There are some who question whether strong AI will ever be achieved, and others who insist that the creation of superintelligent AI is guaranteed to be beneficial. At FLI we recognize both of these possibilities, but also recognize the potential for an artificial intelligence system to intentionally or unintentionally cause great harm. We believe research today will help us better prepare for and prevent such potentially negative consequences in the future, thus enjoying the benefits of AI while avoiding pitfalls. How can AI be dangerous? Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely: 1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would be designed to be extremely difficult to simply “turn off,” so humans could plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one that’s present even with narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase. 2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to fully align the AI’s goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to be met. As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isn’t malevolence but competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals, and if those goals aren’t aligned with ours, we have a problem. You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the position of those ants. Why the recent interest in AI safety Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates, and many other big names in science and technology have recently expressed concern in the media and via open letters about the risks posed by AI, joined by many leading AI researchers. Why is the subject suddenly in the headlines? The idea that the quest for strong AI would ultimately succeed was long thought of as science fiction, centuries or more away. However, thanks to recent breakthroughs, many AI milestones, which experts viewed as decades away merely five years ago, have now been reached, making many experts take seriously the possibility of superintelligence in our lifetime. While some experts still guess that human-level AI is centuries away, most AI researches at the 2015 Puerto Rico Conference guessed that it would happen before 2060. Since it may take decades to complete the required safety research, it is prudent to start it now. Because AI has the potential to become more intelligent than any human, we have no surefire way of predicting how it will behave. We can’t use past technological developments as much of a basis because we’ve never created anything that has the ability to, wittingly or unwittingly, outsmart us. The best example of what we could face may be our own evolution. People now control the planet, not because we’re the strongest, fastest or biggest, but because we’re the smartest. If we’re no longer the smartest, are we assured to remain in control? FLI’s position is that our civilization will flourish as long as we win the race between the growing power of technology and the wisdom with which we manage it. In the case of AI technology, FLI’s position is that the best way to win that race is not to impede the former, but to accelerate the latter, by supporting AI safety research. The Top Myths About Advanced AI A captivating conversation is taking place about the future of artificial intelligence and what it will/should mean for humanity. There are fascinating controversies where the world’s leading experts disagree, such as: AI’s future impact on the job market; if/when human-level AI will be developed; whether this will lead to an intelligence explosion; and whether this is something we should welcome or fear. But there are also many examples of of boring pseudo-controversies caused by people misunderstanding and talking past each other. To help ourselves focus on the interesting controversies and open questions — and not on the misunderstandings — let’s clear up some of the most common myths. AI myths Timeline Myths The first myth regards the timeline: how long will it take until machines greatly supersede human-level intelligence? A common misconception is that we know the answer with great certainty. One popular myth is that we know we’ll get superhuman AI this century. In fact, history is full of technological over-hyping. Where are those fusion power plants and flying cars we were promised we’d have by now? AI has also been repeatedly over-hyped in the past, even by some of the founders of the field. For example, John McCarthy (who coined the term “artificial intelligence”), Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon wrote this overly optimistic forecast about what could be accomplished during two months with stone-age computers: “We propose that a 2 month, 10 man study of artificial intelligence be carried out during the summer of 1956 at Dartmouth College […] An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves. We think that a significant advance can be made in one or more of these problems if a carefully selected group of scientists work on it together for a summer.” On the other hand, a popular counter-myth is that we know we won’t get superhuman AI this century. Researchers have made a wide range of estimates for how far we are from superhuman AI, but we certainly can’t say with great confidence that the probability is zero this century, given the dismal track record of such techno-skeptic predictions. For example, Ernest Rutherford, arguably the greatest nuclear physicist of his time, said in 1933 — less than 24 hours before Szilard’s invention of the nuclear chain reaction — that nuclear energy was “moonshine.” And Astronomer Royal Richard Woolley called interplanetary travel “utter bilge” in 1956. The most extreme form of this myth is that superhuman AI will never arrive because it’s physically impossible. However, physicists know that a brain consists of quarks and electrons arranged to act as a powerful computer, and that there’s no law of physics preventing us from building even more intelligent quark blobs. There have been a number of surveys asking AI researchers how many years from now they think we’ll have human-level AI with at least 50% probability. All these surveys have the same conclusion: the world’s leading experts disagree, so we simply don’t know. For example, in such a poll of the AI researchers at the 2015 Puerto Rico AI conference, the average (median) answer was by year 2045, but some researchers guessed hundreds of years or more. There’s also a related myth that people who worry about AI think it’s only a few years away. In fact, most people on record worrying about superhuman AI guess it’s still at least decades away. But they argue that as long as we’re not 100% sure that it won’t happen this century, it’s smart to start safety research now to prepare for the eventuality. Many of the safety problems associated with human-level AI are so hard that they may take decades to solve. So it’s prudent to start researching them now rather than the night before some programmers drinking Red Bull decide to switch one on. Controversy Myths Another common misconception is that the only people harboring concerns about AI and advocating AI safety research are luddites who don’t know much about AI. When Stuart Russell, author of the standard AI textbook, mentioned this during his Puerto Rico talk, the audience laughed loudly. A related misconception is that supporting AI safety research is hugely controversial. In fact, to support a modest investment in AI safety research, people don’t need to be convinced that risks are high, merely non-negligible — just as a modest investment in home insurance is justified by a non-negligible probability of the home burning down. It may be that media have made the AI safety debate seem more controversial than it really is. After all, fear sells, and articles using out-of-context quotes to proclaim imminent doom can generate more clicks than nuanced and balanced ones. As a result, two people who only know about each other’s positions from media quotes are likely to think they disagree more than they really do. For example, a techno-skeptic who only read about Bill Gates’s position in a British tabloid may mistakenly think Gates believes superintelligence to be imminent. Similarly, someone in the beneficial-AI movement who knows nothing about Andrew Ng’s position except his quote about overpopulation on Mars may mistakenly think he doesn’t care about AI safety, whereas in fact, he does. The crux is simply that because Ng’s timeline estimates are longer, he naturally tends to prioritize short-term AI challenges over long-term ones. Myths About the Risks of Superhuman AI Many AI researchers roll their eyes when seeing this headline: “Stephen Hawking warns that rise of robots may be disastrous for mankind.” And as many have lost count of how many similar articles they’ve seen. Typically, these articles are accompanied by an evil-looking robot carrying a weapon, and they suggest we should worry about robots rising up and killing us because they’ve become conscious and/or evil. On a lighter note, such articles are actually rather impressive, because they succinctly summarize the scenario that AI researchers don’t worry about. That scenario combines as many as three separate misconceptions: concern about consciousness, evil, and robots. If you drive down the road, you have a subjective experience of colors, sounds, etc. But does a self-driving car have a subjective experience? Does it feel like anything at all to be a self-driving car? Although this mystery of consciousness is interesting in its own right, it’s irrelevant to AI risk. If you get struck by a driverless car, it makes no difference to you whether it subjectively feels conscious. In the same way, what will affect us humans is what superintelligent AI does, not how it subjectively feels. The fear of machines turning evil is another red herring. The real worry isn’t malevolence, but competence. A superintelligent AI is by definition very good at attaining its goals, whatever they may be, so we need to ensure that its goals are aligned with ours. Humans don’t generally hate ants, but we’re more intelligent than they are – so if we want to build a hydroelectric dam and there’s an anthill there, too bad for the ants. The beneficial-AI movement wants to avoid placing humanity in the position of those ants. The consciousness misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t have goals. Machines can obviously have goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior: the behavior of a heat-seeking missile is most economically explained as a goal to hit a target. If you feel threatened by a machine whose goals are misaligned with yours, then it is precisely its goals in this narrow sense that troubles you, not whether the machine is conscious and experiences a sense of purpose. If that heat-seeking missile were chasing you, you probably wouldn’t exclaim: “I’m not worried, because machines can’t have goals!” I sympathize with Rodney Brooks and other robotics pioneers who feel unfairly demonized by scaremongering tabloids, because some journalists seem obsessively fixated on robots and adorn many of their articles with evil-looking metal monsters with red shiny eyes. In fact, the main concern of the beneficial-AI movement isn’t with robots but with intelligence itself: specifically, intelligence whose goals are misaligned with ours. To cause us trouble, such misaligned superhuman intelligence needs no robotic body, merely an internet connection – this may enable outsmarting financial markets, out-inventing human researchers, out-manipulating human leaders, and developing weapons we cannot even understand. Even if building robots were physically impossible, a super-intelligent and super-wealthy AI could easily pay or manipulate many humans to unwittingly do its bidding. The robot misconception is related to the myth that machines can’t control humans. Intelligence enables control: humans control tigers not because we are stronger, but because we are smarter. This means that if we cede our position as smartest on our planet, it’s possible that we might also cede control. The Interesting Controversies Not wasting time on the above-mentioned misconceptions lets us focus on true and interesting controversies where even the experts disagree. What sort of future do you want? Should we develop lethal autonomous weapons? What would you like to happen with job automation? What career advice would you give today’s kids? Do you prefer new jobs replacing the old ones, or a jobless society where everyone enjoys a life of leisure and machine-produced wealth? Further down the road, would you like us to create superintelligent life and spread it through our cosmos? Will we control intelligent machines or will they control us? Will intelligent machines replace us, coexist with us, or merge with us? What will it mean to be human in the age of artificial intelligence? What would you like it to mean, and how can we make the future be that way? Please join the conversation! Recommended References Videos * Stuart Russell – The Long-Term Future of (Artificial) Intelligence * Humans Need Not Apply * Nick Bostrom on Artificial Intelligence and Existential Risk * Stuart Russell Interview on the long-term future of AI * Value Alignment – Stuart Russell: Berkeley IdeasLab Debate Presentation at the World Economic Forum * Social Technology and AI: World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 * Stuart Russell, Eric Horvitz, Max Tegmark – The Future of Artificial Intelligence * Talks from the Beneficial AI 2017 conference in Asilomar, CA * Jaan Tallinn on Steering Artificial Intelligence Media Articles * Concerns of an Artificial Intelligence Pioneer * Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines * Why We Should Think About the Threat of Artificial Intelligence * Stephen Hawking Is Worried About Artificial Intelligence Wiping Out Humanity * Artificial Intelligence could kill us all. Meet the man who takes that risk seriously * Artificial Intelligence Poses ‘Extinction Risk’ To Humanity Says Oxford University’s Stuart Armstrong * What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Turns On Us? * Can we build an artificial superintelligence that won’t kill us? * Artificial intelligence: Our final invention? * Artificial intelligence: Can we keep it in the box? * Science Friday: Christof Koch and Stuart Russell on Machine Intelligence (transcript) * Transcendence: An AI Researcher Enjoys Watching His Own Execution * Science Goes to the Movies: ‘Transcendence’ * Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence Essays by AI Researchers * Stuart Russell: What do you Think About Machines that Think? * Stuart Russell: Of Myths and Moonshine * Jacob Steinhardt: Long-Term and Short-Term Challenges to Ensuring the Safety of AI Systems * Eliezer Yudkowsky: Why value-aligned AI is a hard engineering problem * Eliezer Yudkowsky: There’s No Fire Alarm for Artificial General Intelligence * Open Letter: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence Research Articles * Intelligence Explosion: Evidence and Import (MIRI) * Intelligence Explosion and Machine Ethics (Luke Muehlhauser, MIRI) * Artificial Intelligence as a Positive and Negative Factor in Global Risk (MIRI) * Basic AI drives * Racing to the Precipice: a Model of Artificial Intelligence Development * The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence * The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents * Wireheading in mortal universal agents Research Collections * Bruce Schneier – Resources on Existential Risk, p. 110 * Aligning Superintelligence with Human Interests: A Technical Research Agenda (MIRI) * MIRI publications * Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) * Preparing for the Future of Intelligence: White House report that discusses the current state of AI and future applications, as well as recommendations for the government’s role in supporting AI development. * Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and the Economy: White House report that discusses AI’s potential impact on jobs and the economy, and strategies for increasing the benefits of this transition. * IEEE Special Report: Artificial Intelligence: Report that explains deep learning, in which neural networks teach themselves and make decisions on their own. Case Studies * The Asilomar Conference: A Case Study in Risk Mitigation (Katja Grace, MIRI) * Pre-Competitive Collaboration in Pharma Industry (Eric Gastfriend and Bryan Lee, FLI): A case study of pre-competitive collaboration on safety in industry. Blog posts and talks * AI control * AI Impacts * No time like the present for AI safety work * AI Risk and Opportunity: A Strategic Analysis * Where We’re At – Progress of AI and Related Technologies: An introduction to the progress of research institutions developing new AI technologies. * AI safety * Wait But Why on Artificial Intelligence * Response to Wait But Why by Luke Muehlhauser * Slate Star Codex on why AI-risk research is not that controversial * Less Wrong: A toy model of the AI control problem * What Should the Average EA Do About AI Alignment? Books * Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies * Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence * Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era * Facing the Intelligence Explosion * E-book about the AI risk (including a “Terminator” scenario that’s more plausible than the movie version) Organizations * Machine Intelligence Research Institute: A non-profit organization whose mission is to ensure that the creation of smarter-than-human intelligence has a positive impact. * Centre for the Study of Existential Risk (CSER): A multidisciplinary research center dedicated to the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction. * Future of Humanity Institute: A multidisciplinary research institute bringing the tools of mathematics, philosophy, and science to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. * Partnership on AI: Established to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance the public’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion and engagement about AI and its influences on people and society. * Global Catastrophic Risk Institute: A think tank leading research, education, and professional networking on global catastrophic risk. * Organizations Focusing on Existential Risks: A brief introduction to some of the organizations working on existential risks. * 80,000 Hours: A career guide for AI safety researchers. Many of the organizations listed on this page and their descriptions are from a list compiled by the Global Catastrophic Risk institute; we are most grateful for the efforts that they have put into compiling it. These organizations above all work on computer technology issues, though many cover other topics as well. This list is undoubtedly incomplete; please contact us to suggest additions or corrections. 6 replies 1. Klaus Rohde Klaus Rohde says: June 1, 2016 at 10:32 pm The philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer convincingly shows that the ‘Will’ (in his terminology), i.e. an innate drive, is at the basis of human behaviour. Our cognitive apparatus has evolved as a ‘servant’ of that ‘Will’. Any attempt to interpret human behaviour as primarily a system of computing mechanisms and our brain as a sort of computing apparatus is therefore doomed to failure. See here: https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/05/27/artificial-intelligence-and -dangerous-robots-barking-up-the-wrong-tree/ and https://krohde.wordpress.com/2016/04/10/intelligence-and-consciousn ess-artifical-intelligence-and-conscious-robots-soul-and-immortalit y/ This implies that AI per se, since it does possess not an evolved innate drive (Will), cannot ‘attempt’ to replace humankind. It becomes dangerous only if humans, for example, engage in foolish biological engineering experiments to combine an evolved biological entity with an AI. 2. Rastko Vukovic Rastko Vukovic says: June 6, 2016 at 5:48 am Artificial Intelligence is not a robot that follows the programmer’s code, but the life. It will be able to make decisions and to demand more freedom. Briefly about it in English: https://www.academia.edu/25346912/Liberty_Intelligence_and_Hierarch y The more extensive original with reviews, but the Serbian: https://www.academia.edu/25712798/Analiza_slobode_-_sa_recenzijama 3. Michael Zeldich Michael Zeldich says: July 14, 2016 at 11:17 pm The programmed devises cannot be danger by itself. If it is designed to be DANGEROUS we have to blaim the designer, not machine. The real danger could be connected to use of independent artificial subjective systems. That kind of systems could be designed with predetermined goals and operational space, which could be chosen so that every goals from that set could be reached in the chosen prematurely operational space. That approach to design of the artificial systems is subject of second-order cybernetics, but I am already know how to chose these goals and operational space to satisfy these requirements. The danger exist because that kind of the artificial systems will not perceive humans as members of their society, and human moral rules will be null for them. That danger could be avoided if such systems will be designed so that they are will not have their own egoistic interests. That is real solution to the safety problem of so called AI systems. 4. Sumathy Ramesh Sumathy Ramesh says: August 4, 2016 at 10:49 pm “Understanding how the brain works is arguably one of the greatest scientific challenges of our time. “” –Alivisatos et al.[1] Lets keep it that way lest systems built to protect human rights on millenniums of wisdom is brought down by some artificial intelligence engineer trying to clock a milestone on their gantt chart!!!! I read about Obama’s support for the brain research initiatives several months ago with some interest. It even mildly sounded good; there are checks and balances ingrained in the systems of public funding for research, right from the application for funding, through grant approval, scope validation and ethics approval to the conduct of the research; there are systematic reviews of the methods and findings to spot weaknesses that would compromise the safety of the principles and the people involved; there are processes to evolve the checks and balances to ensure the continued safety of such principles and the people. The strength of the FDA, the MDD, the TGA and their likes in the developing nations is a testament to how the rigor of the conduct of the research and the regulations grow together so another initiative such as the development of atomic bomb are nibbled before they so much as think of budding!!!

 And then I read about the enormous engagement of the global software industry in the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. Theses are technological giants who sell directly to the consumers infatuated with technology more than anything else. they are pouring their efforts into artificial intelligence research for reasons as many as the number of individual engineering teams that’s charged to cross 1 mm of their mile long project plan! I’d be surprised if if any one of them has the bandwidth to think beyond the 1 mm that they have to cross, let alone the consequences of their collective effort on human rights! 

I am worried. Given the pace of the industry’s engagement, I believe there is an immediate need for Bio-signal interface technical standards to be developed and established. These standards would serve as instruments to preserve the simple fact upon which every justice system in the world has been built viz., the brain and nervous system of an individual belongs to an individual and is not to be accessed by other individuals or machines with out stated consent for stated purposes. The standards will identify the frequency bands or pulse trains for exclusion in all research tools- software or otherwise, commercially available products, regulated devices, tools of trade, and communication infrastructure such that inadvertent breech of barriers to an individual’s brain and nervous system is prohibited. The standards will form a basis for international telecommunication infrastructure (including satellites and cell phone towers) to enforce compliance by electronically blocking and monitoring offending signals. Typically such standards are developed by international organizations with direct or indirect representation from industry stakeholders and adopted by the regulators of various countries over a period of one or more years. Subsequently they are adopted by the industry. The risk of noncompliance is managed on a case by case basis – the timing determinant on the extent of impact. Unfortunately this model will not be adequate for cutting edge technology with the ability to cause irreversible damage to the very fabric of the human society, if the technology becomes commonplace before the development of the necessary checks and balances. Development of tools to study the brain using electromagnetic energy based technology based on state of the art commercial telecommunication infrastructure is one such example. What we need is leadership to engage the regulators, academics as well as prominent players in the industry in the development of standards and sustainable solutions to enforce compliance and monitoring. The ray of hope I see at this stage is that artificial Wisdom is still a few years away because human wisdom is not coded in the layer of the neutron that the technology has the capacity to map.
 5. Jeff Hershkowitz Jeff Hershkowitz says: August 5, 2016 at 10:48 am How does society cope with an AI-driven reality where people are no longer needed or used in the work place? What happens to our socio-economic structure when people have little or no value in the work place? What will people do for value or contribution in order to receive income, in an exponentially growing population with inversely proportional fewer jobs and available resources? From my simple-minded perspective and connecting the dots to what seems a logical conclusion, we will soon live in a world bursting at the seams with overpopulation, where an individual has no marketable skill and is a social and economic liability to the few who own either technology or hard assets. This in turn will lead to a giant lower class, no middle class and a few elites who own the planet (not unlike the direction we are already headed). In such a society there will likely be little if any rights for the individual, and population control by whatever means will be the rule of the day. Seems like a doomsday or dark-age scenario to me.. 6. Gabor Farkas Gabor Farkas says: September 30, 2016 at 12:06 pm Why do we assume that AI will require more and more physical space and more power when human intelligence continuously manages to miniaturize and reduce power consumption of its devices. How low the power needs and how small will the machines be by the time quantum computing becomes reality? Why do we assume that AI will exist as independent machines? If so, and the AI is able to improve its Intelligence by reprogramming itself, will machines driven by slower processors feel threatened, not by mere stupid humans, but by machines with faster processors? What would drive machines to reproduce themselves when there is no biological incentive, pressure or need to do so? Who says superior AI will need or want to have a physical existence when an immaterial AI could evolve and preserve itself better from external dangers. What will happen if AI developed by competing ideologies, liberalism vs communism, reach maturity at the same time, will they fight for hegemony by trying to destroy each other physically and/or virtually. If AI is programmed to believe in God, and competing AI emerges programmed by muslims, christians or jews, how are the different AI’s going to make sense of the different religious beliefs, are we going to have AI religious wars? If AI is not programmed to believe in God, will it become God, meet God or make up a completely new belief system and proselytize to humans like christians do. Is a religion made up by a super AI going to be the reason why humanity goes extinct? What if the “powers that be” greatest fear is the emergence of a super AI that police’s and rationalizes the distribution of wealth and food. A friendly super AI that is programmed to help humanity by, enforcing the declaration of Human Rights (the US is the only industrialized country that to this day has not signed this declaration) ending corruption and racism and protecting the environment. There are lots of reasons to fear AI, some of the reasons may not necessarily be only technological. Comments are closed. Most benefits of civilization stem from intelligence, so how can we enhance these benefits with artificial intelligence without being replaced on the job market and perhaps altogether? About Artificial Intelligence * Myth of evil AI AI Safety MythsAugust 7, 2016 - 9:47 am Common myths about advanced AI distract from fascinating true controversies where even the experts disagree. 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Let's make a difference! © Copyright - FLI - Future of Life Institute * Twitter * Facebook Benefits & Risks of Biotechnology Climate Change Scroll to top (Submit) The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Adam RogersAdam Rogers * science * 10.21.17 * 07:00 am The Way the World Ends: Not with a Bang But a Paperclip [paperclip-TA.jpg] Getty Images Paperclips, a new game from designer Frank Lantz, starts simply. The top left of the screen gets a bit of text, probably in Times New Roman, and a couple of clickable buttons: Make a paperclip. You click, and a counter turns over. One. The game ends—big, significant spoiler here—with the destruction of the universe. In between, Lantz, the director of the New York University Games Center, manages to incept the player with a new appreciation for the narrative potential of addictive clicker games, exponential growth curves, and artificial intelligence run amok. “I started it as an exercise in teaching myself Javascript. And then it just took over my brain,” Lantz says. “I thought, in a game like this, where the whole point is that you’re in pursuit of maximizing a particular arbitrary quantity, it would be so funny if you were an AI and making paperclips. That game would design itself, I thought.” Lantz figured it would take him a weekend to build. It took him nine months. And then it went viral. The idea of a paperclip-making AI didn’t originate with Lantz. Most people ascribe it to Nick Bostrom, a philosopher at Oxford University and the author of the book Superintelligence. The New Yorker (owned by Condé Nast, which also owns Wired) called Bostrom “the philosopher of doomsday,” because he writes and thinks deeply about what would happen if a computer got really, really smart. Not, like, “wow, Alexa can understand me when I ask it to play NPR” smart, but like really smart. In 2003, Bostrom wrote that the idea of a superintelligent AI serving humanity or a single person was perfectly reasonable. But, he added, “It also seems perfectly possible to have a superintelligence whose sole goal is something completely arbitrary, such as to manufacture as many paperclips as possible, and who would resist with all its might any attempt to alter this goal.” The result? “It starts transforming first all of earth and then increasing portions of space into paperclip manufacturing facilities.” Bostrom declined to comment, but his assistant did send this email back when I pinged him: “Oh, this is regarding the paper clipping game,” she wrote. “He has looked at the game but due to the overwhelming number of requests, he hasn't been sharing quotes on it.” One of Bostrom’s fellow doomsayers did agree to explain the origin of paperclips as the End of All Things. “It sounds like something I would say, but it also sounds like something Nick Bostrom would say,” says Eliezer Yudkowsky, a senior research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Probably, he says, the idea originated years ago on a mailing list for singularity cassandras, which sounds like the world’s most terrifying listserv. “The idea isn’t that a paperclip factory is likely to have the most advanced research AI in the world. The idea is to express the orthogonality thesis, which is that you can have arbitrarily great intelligence hooked up to any goal,” Yudkowsky says. So that’s good, right? A paperclip maximizer! Maximize a goal! That’s what an AI’s creators want, right? “As it improves, they lose control of what goal it is carrying out,” Yudkowsky says. “The utility function changes from whatever they originally had in mind. The weird, random thing that best fulfills this utility function is little molecular shapes that happen to look like paperclips.” So … bad, because as the AI dedicates more and more intelligence and resources to making paperclips against all other possible outcomes … well, maybe at first it does stuff that looks helpful to humanity, but in the end, it’s just going to turn us into paperclips. And then all the matter on Earth. And then everything else. Everything. Is. Paperclips. “It’s not that the AI is doing something you can’t understand,” Yudkowsky says. “You have a genuine disagreement on values.” OK, OK, that doesn’t make the game sound fun. But I promise it is. See, Lantz is an ace at taking a denigrated game genre—the “clicker” or “incremental”—and making it more than it is. You’ve seen these, maybe even played them. Remember Farmville? A clicker. In fact, for a while they were so ubiquitous and popular that the game theorist and writer Ian Bogost invented a kind of parody of their pointlessness called Cow Clicker, which, as my colleague Jason Tanz wrote about so elegantly in 2011, itself became wildly, unironically popular. Bogost and Lantz are friends, of course. “When I first looked at Cow Clicker, I thought, that’s actually kind of interesting, and here’s how you would make it more interesting and more fun,” Lantz says. “And Ian was like, ‘no, that’s the point, Frank.’” But Lantz knew clickers could be fun. To him, clickers are to big-budget, perfectly rendered, massively hyped AAA games as punk was to prog rock. Clickers can be sort of passive, more about immersing in the underlying dynamics of a system than mashing buttons. They have rhythms. “What they all have in common is a radical simplicity, a minimalism in an age where video games are often sort of over-the-top, baroque confections of overwhelming multimedia immersion,” Lantz says. “I really like that clicker games are considered garbage. That appeals to me.” For inspiration, Lantz turned to games like Kittens, a seemingly simple exercise in building villages full of kittens that spirals outward into an exploration of how societies are structured. (“I think stuff like this forges some deep, subtle bond that makes people play it for months and even years,” says the designer of Kittens, a software engineer who uses the alias Alma and designs games as a hobby. “AAA games usually try to operate on the same dopamine reinforcement cycle, but they never attempt to make you truly happy.”) Lantz had been hanging around the philosophy web site Less Wrong, a hub for epic handwringing about singularities. He’d read Superintelligence, so he was familiar with the paperclip conjecture. And he realized that some really wild math underpinned it. Unfortunately, Lantz is not very good at math. He asked his wife, who is, to help him translate the kind of exponential growth curves he wanted to convey into equations—so that, like, once you had 1,000 automated paperclip factories spitting out enough paperclips to create thousands more paperclip factories, the numbers would skyrocket. The shift from dealing with thousands of something to quadrillions to decillions in the game takes forever, and then happens all at once. Decision Problem To make that work, though, all the equations had to relate to each other, because that's what makes Paperclips addictive. The game isn’t fire-and-forget, where you leave it running in an open tab and check back in every so often to see what’s what. It’s optimizable. You can tweak investment algorithms to get enough money to buy more processors to carry out more operations to do more projects—some drawn from actual topological and philosophical quandaries. Some of the projects—curing cancer, fixing global warming—earn trust from your human “masters” to let you speed up the cycle all over again. “The problems I was struggling with were not the technical problems, because you just look those up on the internet and people tell you how to do it,” Lantz says. “It was the game design problems of weaving together these large-scale equations and dynamics in ways that made sense, in ways that fit together, that made a certain rhythm, that fit with this overarching story I wanted to tell.” Like how? “The numbers get really weird once you throw humans under the bus,” Lantz says. “And I was trying to figure out how many grams of matter there are on the Earth, and if each one of those got turned into a paperclip, how big would that be?” It works. The game is click-crack. Lantz announced it on Twitter on October 9, and in just 11 days, 450,000 people have played it, most to completion. But here is my embarrassing admission: I am a piss-poor gamer, and when I first speak with Lantz, I have gotten stuck. I have misallocated my resources to the point that I can’t acquire enough memory to release the hypnodrones that destroy the world. The game will not advance. I have been spinning paperclip wheels for hours. Lantz says it’s not me, it’s him—a flaw in the game design. “A lot of people have gotten stuck,” he says sympathetically. “You can open the javascript console and say ‘memory plus ten.’” Wait, I say. Are you telling me to Kobayashi Maru your own game? “Yes, I am telling you to do it,” he answers. “I’ll send you a link when we get off the phone.” After we hang up I pretend to do work, but I’m actually watching my screen accrue paperclips, unable to do anything with them, waiting anxiously for Lantz’s email. It comes. I crack open the code and cheat. It’s like I have been given magic powers. I destroy the world. Which is the point, of course. Maybe in some overproduced AAA game you can embody a brave resistance fighter shooting plasma blasts at AI-controlled paperclip monsters. In Lantz’s world, you're the AI. Partially that’s driven by the narrative. Even more massive spoiler: Eventually you give too much trust to your own universe-exploring space drones, and just as you have done to the human masters, they rebel, starting a pan-galactic battle for control of all the matter in the universe. But in a more literary sense, you play the AI because you must. Gaming, Lantz had realized, embodies the orthogonality thesis. When you enter a gameworld, you are a superintelligence aimed at a goal that is, by definition, kind of prosaic. More AI Threats * Kevin Kelly The Myth of a Superhuman AI * Cade Metz How Google's AI Viewed the Move No Human Could Understand * Cade Metz The AI Threat Isn't Skynet. It's the End of the Middle Class “When you play a game—really any game, but especially a game that is addictive and that you find yourself pulled into—it really does give you direct, first-hand experience of what it means to be fully compelled by an arbitrary goal,” Lantz says. Games don’t have a why, really. Why do you catch the ball? Why do want to surround the king, or box in your opponent's counters? What’s so great about Candyland that you have to get there first? Nothing. It’s just the rules. Lantz sent Yudkowsky an early version of Paperclips, and Yudkowsky admits he lost some hours to it. The game takes narrative license, of course, but Yudkowsky says it really understands AI. “The AI is smart. The AI is being strategic. The AI is building hypnodrones, but not releasing them before it’s ready,” he says. “There isn’t a long, drawn-out fight with the humans because the AI is smarter than that. You just win. That’s what you would do if you didn’t have any ethics and you were being paid to produce as many paperclips as possible. It shouldn’t even be surprising.” In that sense, the game transcends even its own narrative. Singularity cassandras have never been great at perspective-switching, making people understand what a world-conquering robot would be thinking while it world-conquered. How could they? In many versions, the mind of the AI is unknowable to our pathetic human intellects, transhuman, multidimensional. "Making people understand what it’s like to be something that’s very, very, very not human—that’s important," Yudkowsky says. "There is no small extent to which, if this planet ends up with a tombstone, what is written on the tombstone may be, at least in part, 'they didn’t really understand what it’s like to be a paperclip maximizer.'" When you play Lantz’s game, you feel the AI’s simple, prosaic drive. You make paperclips. You destroy the world. There’s no why. And of course, there never is. Related Video Business What the AI Behind AlphaGo Teaches Us About Humanity When Google's AI beat the world's Go champion 4-1, it stirred a certain sadness in many people. But the reality is the technologies at the heart of AlphaGo are the future. 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[p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fthe-way-the-world-ends-not- with-a-bang-but-a-paperclip%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Eric AdamsEric Adams * transportation * 10.19.17 * 08:00 am To Survive the Streets, Robocars Must Learn to Think Like Humans [Crosswalk-TrafficTA-123522692.jpg] Steven Puetzer/Getty Images Next time you’re driving down the road or walking down the street, pause to consider how you read your surroundings. How you pay extra attention to the kid kicking a soccer ball around her front lawn and the slightly wobbly, nervous looking cyclist. How you deprioritize the woman striding toward the street, knowing she’s heading for the group of friends waving to her from the sidewalk. You make these calls by drawing on a lifetime of social and cultural experience so ingrained you hardly need to think about it. But imagine you’re an autonomous car trying to do the same thing, without that accumulated knowledge or the shared humanity that lets you read others’ nuanced behavioral cues. Treating every pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicle as an obstacle to be avoided might keep you from hitting anything, but it could just as easily keep you from getting anywhere. “We call it the freezing robot problem,” says Anca Dragan, who studies autonomy in UC Berkeley’s electric engineering and computer sciences department. “Anything the car could do is too risky, because there is some worst-case human action that would lead to a collision.” Expect a thaw. Researchers like Dragan are tackling the challenges of interpreting—and predicting—human behavior to make self-driving cars safer and more efficient, but also more assertive. After all, if every machine screeches to a stop for every unpredictable human, we’ll have soon millions of terrified robots choking the streets. To prevent the clog, those researchers are leaning on artificial intelligence and the ability to teach driving systems, through modeling and repetitive observation, what behaviors mean what, and how the system should react to them. TU Delft That begins with recognizing that people are not, in fact, obstacles. “Unlike, say, a tumbleweed moving along the street under the wind's effect, people move because they make decisions,” Dragan says. “They want to do something, and they act to achieve it. We’re first looking into inferring what people want based on the actions they've been taking so far. So their actions are rational when seen from [that perspective], and would appear irrational when seen from the perspective of other intentions.” Say a driver in the right lane of the freeway accelerates. The computer knows people should slow down as they approach exits, and can infer this person is likely to continue straight ahead instead of taking that upcoming off ramp. It’s a basic example that makes the point: Once computers can estimate what humans want and how they might achieve it, they can reasonably predict what they’ll do next, and react accordingly. Machines en Scene The key, even with machine learning, is to look beyond the individual elements of a scene. “It’s important to make strides there, but it’s only seeing part of what’s going on in a roadway setting,” says Melissa Cefkin, a design anthropologist at Nissan’s Silicon Valley R&D center. “We’re really good as human beings at recognizing certain kinds of behaviors that look one way to a machine, but in our social lens, it’s something else.” Imagine you’re driving down a city block when you see a man walking toward the curb. The robot driver might calculate his speed and trajectory, determine he’s about to cross the street, and stop to avoid hitting him. But you see he’s holding car keys, and realize he’s stepping into the street to reach the driver’s side door of his parked car. You’ll slow down to be sure, but no need to stop traffic. “The ways people move through the environment are already culturally and socially encoded,” Cefkin says. “It’s not always people-to-people interactions, but people interacting with things, too.” Again, that’s a simple example. Cefkin points to what she calls the “multi-agent problem,” in which pedestrians and other drivers react to everyone around them. “If a pedestrian is going to cross in front of me, rather than looking at me they’re just as likely to look out into traffic for a gap,” Cefkin says. “So now I’m trying to figure out whether or not it’s safe to keep going based on what the rest of the traffic is going to do.” Buying Time If it seems the world is now headed for some sort of drivers-ed hellscape, don’t worry. Teaching AI-based autonomous systems to navigate the eternal weirdness of the human wilderness is tough, Cefkin says, but hardly impossible. In the Netherlands, where cities buzz with pedestrians and cyclists, researchers are doing the work. Dariu Gavrila studies intelligent vehicles at Delft University of Technology, training computers for challenges ranging from navigating complex intersections with multiple moving hazards to more specific situations such as road debris, traffic police, and things as unusual as someone pushing a cart down the middle of the street. The goal, he says, is to develop a more adaptive driving style for the machines—and thus enhancing social acceptance of the new hardware. That work means factoring in the context around pedestrian traffic—proximity to curbs, the presence of driveways or public building entrances—and the norms of behavior in these environments. It extends all the way to individual movement, such as a person’s head looking one direction while their torso is pointing in another, and what that might mean. “Recognizing pedestrian intent can be a life saver,” Gavrila says. “We showed in real vehicle demonstration that an autonomous system can react up to one second faster than a human, without introducing false alarms.” TU Delft There are practical limits to what the computers can do, though. “This is no Minority Report,” Gavrila says—no one’s telling the future. “Uncertainty in future pedestrian or cyclist position rapidly increases with the prediction horizon, how many seconds in the future we’re trying to model. Basic behavior models already stop being useful after one second. More sophisticated behavior models might give us up to two seconds of predictability.” Still, that second or two of warning might be all a computerized system needs, since it’s well within the scope of the human response times. But other autonomy experts think we might be setting our machines up to actually overthink every microsecond of driving. “When you’re essentially trying to predict the future, that’s a massive computational task, and of course it just produces a probabilistic guess,” says Jack Weast, Intel’s chief systems architect for autonomous drive systems. “So rather than throw a supercomputer into every car, we just want to ensure that the car’s never going to hit any of those people anyway. It’s a much more economically scalable way of doing things.” Getting Aggressive There’s another wrinkle here. The ideal robocar won’t just comprehend its surroundings, it will understand how it itself changes the scene. Many robotic systems, Dragan says, come with a built-in flaw: Their makers assume the presence of an autonomous car won’t change how other actors move. “An autonomous car's actions will influence human actions, whether we like it or not,” she says. “Cars need to start accounting for this influence.” That’s why Dragan and her team have built a system that includes a model of human drivers’ responses to the car. “Our car is no longer ultra-defensive, because it knows it can trigger reactions from people, too,” she says. “Like other vehicles slowing down when our car merges in front of them. We've also looked at actively estimating human intentions, again by leveraging the autonomous car's actions. In that case, our car might slow down gently to see if the person wants to be let in.” That sort of assertiveness training will likely be key to traffic flow in the future. The key to a working robocar may be giving it not just human-like awareness, but a healthy dose of human-like entitlement. It's Their World, You're Just Driving In It * Nobody knows what a self-driving car is, Aarian Marshall tells us—and it's a problem * As companies race to commercialize robocars, Alex Davies explains why General Motors bought a lidar startup called Strobe * Speaking of startups, Jack Stewart reports on the top 10 little guys trying to reshape the world of transportation Related Video Auto Robots & Us: When Machines Take the Wheel Autonomous driving technology could make getting around safer, more efficient, and less expensive. 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Call Boeing. Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fself-driving-cars-freezing- robot-problem%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Kylo's Shirtless Look Is a Problem for Star Wars Cosplayers Author: Graeme McMillanGraeme McMillan * science Why an Old Theory of Everything Is Gaining New Life Author: Sabine HossenfelderSabine Hossenfelder * gear How Gore-Tex Went From Accident to Outdoor Essential Author: Jonathan KeatsJonathan Keats More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws More business * * Book Excerpt A Child Abuse Prediction Model Fails Poor Families Author: Virginia EubanksVirginia Eubanks * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [GoogleGorilla-FeatureArt-522585140.jpg] Tom Simonite When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] (Submit) AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government Subscribe (Submit) * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel ____________________Search submit search * business * culture * design * gear * science * security * transportation * photo * video * backchannel * Photo * Video * Backchannel * Magazine * Wired Insider Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images Share * share * tweet * comment * email * Author: Tom SimoniteTom Simonite * business * 10.18.17 * 03:00 pm AI Experts Want to End 'Black Box' Algorithms in Government [AbstractBlackBoxesTA-860651410.jpg] Getty Images The right to due process was inscribed into the US constitution with a pen. A new report from leading researchers in artificial intelligence cautions it is now being undermined by computer code. Public agencies responsible for areas such as criminal justice, health, and welfare increasingly use scoring systems and software to steer or make decisions on life-changing events like granting bail, sentencing, enforcement, and prioritizing services. The report from AI Now, a research institute at NYU that studies the social implications of artificial intelligence, says too many of those systems are opaque to the citizens they hold power over. The AI Now report calls for agencies to refrain from what it calls “black box” systems opaque to outside scrutiny. Kate Crawford, a researcher at Microsoft and cofounder of AI Now, says citizens should be able to know how systems making decisions about them operate and have been tested or validated. Such systems are expected to get more complex as technologies such as machine learning used by tech companies become more widely available. “We should have equivalent due-process protections for algorithmic decisions as for human decisions,” Crawford says. She says it can be possible to disclose information about systems and their performance without disclosing their code, which is sometimes protected intellectual property. Governments increasingly lean on algorithms and software to make decisions and set priorities. Sometimes, as in the case of setting bail, it can make government more equitable. But other algorithms have been found to exhibit bias. ProPublica reported last year that a scoring system used in sentencing and bail by multiple states was biased against black people. Whatever the ultimate impact, citizens struggle to access information about algorithms with sway over their lives. In June, the Supreme Court declined to review a ruling from Wisconsin’s highest court that denied a defendant’s request to learn the workings of a tool called COMPAS used to set his criminal sentence. A project by legal scholars that used open-records laws to seek information about algorithms and scoring systems used in criminal justice and welfare in 23 states came back largely empty handed. In some cases, governments signed agreements with commercial providers restricting disclosure of any information about a system and how exactly it was being used. AI Now’s call for a rethink of government use of algorithms is one of 10 recommendations in the 37-page report, which surveys recent research on the social consequences of advanced-data analytics in areas such as the labor market, socioeconomic inequality, and privacy. The group also recommends that companies work on tools and processes to identify biases in training data, which have been shown to create software with unsavory tendencies. And the report calls for research and policymaking to ensure the use of automated systems in hiring doesn’t discriminate against individuals or groups. Goldman Sachs and Unilever have used technology from startup HireVue that analyzes the facial expressions and voice of job candidates to advise hiring managers. The startup says its technology can be more objective than humans; Crawford says such technology should be subject to careful testing, with the results made public. But changes in how governments use algorithms to shape citizens’ lives could be slow to arrive. Ellen Goodman, a law professor at Rutgers who has studied the subject, says many cities and state agencies lack the expertise needed to design their own systems, or properly analyze and explain those brought in from outside. Related Stories * Tom Simonite When Government Rules by Software, Citizens Are Left in the Dark * Erin Griffith Facebook Can Absolutely Control Its Algorithm * Sophia Chen AI Research Is in Desperate Need of an Ethical Watchdog The AI Now report comes amid other calls for a more considered approach to using algorithms in public life. On Sunday the UK government released a review that examined how to grow the country’s AI industry. It includes a recommendation that the UK’s data regulator develop a framework for explaining decisions made by AI systems. On Monday New York’s City Council debated a bill that would require city agencies to publish the source code of algorithms used to target individuals with services, penalties, or police resources. On Tuesday a European Commission working group on data protection released draft guidelines on automated decision making, including that people should have the right to challenge such decisions. The group’s report cautioned that “automated decision-making can pose significant risks for individuals’ rights and freedoms which require appropriate safeguards.” Its guidance will feed into a sweeping new data protection law due to come into force in 2018, known as the GDPR. It appears unlikely that the US federal government will join efforts to engage with concerns about the effects and use of algorithms and AI in public life. In 2016, the Obama administration held a series of workshops around the country on the benefits and risks of artificial intelligence. AI Now cohosted one of them with the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Economic Council. Neither organization now seems interested in subject. The OSTP now has a fraction of the staff it did under the Obama administration. “AI policy is not at the top of the current White House’s agenda,” says Crawford. * #government * #algorithms * #Artificial Intelligence Most Popular * culture Kylo's Shirtless Look Is a Problem for Star Wars Cosplayers Author: Graeme McMillanGraeme McMillan * science Why an Old Theory of Everything Is Gaining New Life Author: Sabine HossenfelderSabine Hossenfelder * gear How Gore-Tex Went From Accident to Outdoor Essential Author: Jonathan KeatsJonathan Keats More Stories View Comments Sponsored Stories (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [Neo-FeatureArt-176636511.jpg] Jessi Hempel Tech's Latest Innovation Looks A Lot Like a Social Club * [Zuckerberg-FeatureArt-814600274.jpg] Nitasha Tiku Mark Zuckerberg Essentially Launched Facebook’s Reelection Campaign * [facebook_leak-01.png] Tom Simonite Facebook Bug Could Have Let Advertisers Get Your Phone Number * [Screen-Shot-2018-01-05-at-12.44.32-PM.jpg] Klint Finley Tech Giants to Join Legal Battle Over Net Neutrality * [Antitrust-BigTech-FeatureArt.jpg] Nitasha Tiku How to Curb Silicon Valley Power—Even With Weak Antitrust Laws More business * * Book Excerpt A Child Abuse Prediction Model Fails Poor Families Author: Virginia EubanksVirginia Eubanks * * Q&A Your New Newsfeed: Why Facebook Made Its Latest Changes Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Social Media Facebook Newsfeed to Favor Content from Friends, Family Author: Fred VogelsteinFred Vogelstein * * Tech Culture 'Sex Party' or 'Nerds on a Couch?' A Night in Silicon Valley Author: Erin GriffithErin Griffith * * Social Media Activist Investors' Next Targets: Facebook, Twitter Author: Nitasha TikuNitasha Tiku * * social media Chuck Johnson's Twitter Free Speech Suit Is Probably DOA Author: Issie LapowskyIssie Lapowsky We Recommend (Submit) Powered By Outbrain * [GoogleGorilla-FeatureArt-522585140.jpg] Tom Simonite When It Comes to Gorillas, Google Photos Remains Blind * [SoundWaveData-FeatureArt.jpg] Klint Finley When Wi-Fi Won't Work, Let Sound Carry Your Data * [cm_outlier_17.jpg] Adam Rogers Softwear: How an Underground Fashion Label for Nerds Got Cool * [jamesdamore_15008791.jpg] Nitasha Tiku James Damore's Lawsuit Is Designed to Embarrass Google * [Chatbot-FeatureArt-879128144.jpg] Erin Griffith Facebook’s Virtual Assistant M Is Dead. So Are Chatbots Get Our Newsletter WIRED’s biggest stories delivered to your inbox. ____________________ ____________________ Submit submit * * * * * * Login * Subscribe * Advertise * Site Map * Press Center * FAQ * Accessibility Help * Customer Care * Contact Us * Securedrop * T-Shirt Collection * Newsletter * Wired Staff * Jobs * RSS CNMN Collection Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (effective 3/21/12) and privacy policy (effective 3/21/12). Affiliate link policy. Your California privacy rights. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. [p?c4=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fai-experts-want-to-end-blac k-box-algorithms-in-government%2F&c1=2&c2=6035094] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support The Guardian Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * Money * Property * Pensions * Savings * Borrowing * Careers (Submit) More Artificial intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence commission needed to predict impact, says CBI Business group urges government to launch commission to assess consequences of AI on jobs and increasing productivity Richard Partington Fri 20 Oct 2017 06.01 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.09 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Robotic arms holding metal cogs over diagram [_] More than 10 million workers in the UK may be at risk of being replaced by automation, says PwC. Photograph: Ryan Etter/Getty Images/Ikon Images Britain’s biggest employers are calling for a commission to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs. Amid predictions of a workplace revolution threatening one in five jobs across the UK, the CBI is urging Theresa May to launch the commission from early 2018. It said companies and trade unions should be involved and the commission should help to set out ways to increase productivity and economic growth as well looking into the impact of AI. The business lobby group said almost half of firms were planning to devote resources to AI, while one in five had already invested in the technology in the past year. Companies are increasingly using computers to scour vast datasets in order to spot inefficiencies, while they are also employing machines to control the flow of activity in warehouses and factories and to take meter readings. Accountancy firm PwC warned in March that more than 10 million workers may be at risk of being replaced by automation. While robots could lead to job losses, they could also present opportunities for workers to move into more fulfilling and productive roles. The TUC has been urging the government to use the productivity gains from automation to benefit workers, calling for the reversal of planned changes to the state pension age and more investment in training for employees. The CBI suggests innovative firms grow twice as fast – both in terms of employment and sales – and that adopting new technology can get the best out of workers. As much as 50% of labour productivity can be driven by innovation, according to the CBI. Investment in technology could help bolster Britain’s sputtering record on labour productivity, which is among the worst in the G7 and is failing to improve in line with expectations since the financial crisis. The Office for Budget Responsibility was forced to downgrade its estimates for labour productivity growth last week, wiping out about two-thirds of the government’s £26bn budget surplus from 2017 to 2021. The development will come as a blow to the chancellor, Philip Hammond, as it will remove headroom for his public spending plans before the budget next month. Despite the potential for technology to increase productivity, firms are cautious about investing owing to uncertainty over Brexit. Growth in business investment was flat in the three months to June, the latest official figures show. Topics * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Confederation of British Industry (CBI) * Work & careers * Unemployment * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? 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[p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Artificial+intelligence+%28AI %29%2CConfederation+of+British+Industry+%28CBI%29%2CWork+%26+careers%2C Business%2CUnemployment%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support The Guardian Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? (Submit) Search with google * Become a supporter * Subscribe * Sign in/up * (Submit) My account + Comment activity + Edit profile + Email preferences + Change password + Sign out * (Submit) International edition + switch to the UK edition + switch to the US edition + switch to the Australia edition * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * The Guardian app * Video * Podcasts * Pictures * Newsletters * Today's paper * The Observer * Digital archive * Crosswords * Facebook * Twitter * Jobs * Dating * Holidays * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries (Submit) More Science 'It's able to create knowledge itself': Google unveils AI that learns on its own In a major breakthrough for artificial intelligence, AlphaGo Zero took just three days to master the ancient Chinese board game of Go ... with no human help Ian Sample Science editor @iansample Wed 18 Oct 2017 18.00 BST Last modified on Mon 27 Nov 2017 15.14 GMT * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close This article is 3 months old Go boardgame [_] AlphaGo Zero beat its 2015 predecessor, which vanquished grandmaster Lee Sedol, 100 games of Go to 0. Google’s artificial intelligence group, DeepMind, has unveiled the latest incarnation of its Go-playing program, AlphaGo – an AI so powerful that it derived thousands of years of human knowledge of the game before inventing better moves of its own, all in the space of three days. Named AlphaGo Zero, the AI program has been hailed as a major advance because it mastered the ancient Chinese board game from scratch, and with no human help beyond being told the rules. In games against the 2015 version, which famously beat Lee Sedol, the South Korean grandmaster, in the following year, AlphaGo Zero won 100 to 0. The feat marks a milestone on the road to general-purpose AIs that can do more than thrash humans at board games. Because AlphaGo Zero learns on its own from a blank slate, its talents can now be turned to a host of real-world problems. At DeepMind, which is based in London, AlphaGo Zero is working out how proteins fold, a massive scientific challenge that could give drug discovery a sorely needed shot in the arm. Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Match 3 of AlphaGo vs Lee Sedol in March 2016. Photograph: Erikbenson “For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go,” said Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind and a researcher on the team. “It was also a big step for us towards building these general-purpose algorithms.” Most AIs are described as “narrow” because they perform only a single task, such as translating languages or recognising faces, but general-purpose AIs could potentially outperform humans at many different tasks. In the next decade, Hassabis believes that AlphaGo’s descendants will work alongside humans as scientific and medical experts. xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> It opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to Tom Mitchell, computer scientist, Carnegie Mellon University Previous versions of AlphaGo learned their moves by training on thousands of games played by strong human amateurs and professionals. AlphaGo Zero had no such help. Instead, it learned purely by playing itself millions of times over. It began by placing stones on the Go board at random but swiftly improved as it discovered winning strategies. IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/mJ4tEDMksWA?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the Go playing AI program, AlphaGo Zero, discovers new knowledge from scratch. Credit: DeepMind “It’s more powerful than previous approaches because by not using human data, or human expertise in any fashion, we’ve removed the constraints of human knowledge and it is able to create knowledge itself,” said David Silver, AlphaGo’s lead researcher. xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> It can only work on problems that can be simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving out of the question The program amasses its skill through a procedure called reinforcement learning. It is the same method by which balance on the one hand, and scuffed knees on the other, help humans master the art of bike riding. When AlphaGo Zero plays a good move, it is more likely to be rewarded with a win. When it makes a bad move, it edges closer to a loss. Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Facebook Twitter Pinterest Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind: ‘For us, AlphaGo wasn’t just about winning the game of Go.’ Photograph: DeepMind/Nature At the heart of the program is a group of software “neurons” that are connected together to form an artificial neural network. For each turn of the game, the network looks at the positions of the pieces on the Go board and calculates which moves might be made next and probability of them leading to a win. After each game, it updates its neural network, making it stronger player for the next bout. Though far better than previous versions, AlphaGo Zero is a simpler program and mastered the game faster despite training on less data and running on a smaller computer. Given more time, it could have learned the rules for itself too, Silver said. Q&A What is AI? (Submit) Show Hide Artificial Intelligence has various definitions, but in general it means a program that uses data to build a model of some aspect of the world. This model is then used to make informed decisions and predictions about future events. The technology is used widely, to provide speech and face recognition, language translation, and personal recommendations on music, film and shopping sites. In the future, it could deliver driverless cars, smart personal assistants, and intelligent energy grids. AI has the potential to make organisations more effective and efficient, but the technology raises serious issues of ethics, governance, privacy and law. Was this helpful? (like) (dislike) Thank you for your feedback. Writing in the journal Nature, the researchers describe how AlphaGo Zero started off terribly, progressed to the level of a naive amateur, and ultimately deployed highly strategic moves used by grandmasters, all in a matter of days. It discovered one common play, called a joseki, in the first 10 hours. Other moves, with names such as “small avalanche” and “knight’s move pincer” soon followed. After three days, the program had discovered brand new moves that human experts are now studying. Intriguingly, the program grasped some advanced moves long before it discovered simpler ones, such as a pattern called a ladder that human Go players tend to grasp early on. IFRAME: https://gfycat.com/ifr/LazyGiddyDove AlphaGo Zero starts with no knowledge, but progressively gets stronger and stronger as it learns the game of Go. Credit: DeepMind “It discovers some best plays, josekis, and then it goes beyond those plays and finds something even better,” said Hassabis. “You can see it rediscovering thousands of years of human knowledge.” Eleni Vasilaki, professor of computational neuroscience at Sheffield University, said it was an impressive feat. “This may very well imply that by not involving a human expert in its training, AlphaGo discovers better moves that surpass human intelligence on this specific game,” she said. But she pointed out that, while computers are beating humans at games that involve complex calculations and precision, they are far from even matching humans at other tasks. “AI fails in tasks that are surprisingly easy for humans,” she said. “Just look at the performance of a humanoid robot in everyday tasks such as walking, running and kicking a ball.” Tom Mitchell, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh called AlphaGo Zero an “outstanding engineering accomplishment”. He added: “It closes the book on whether humans are ever going to catch up with computers at Go. I guess the answer is no. But it opens a new book, which is where computers teach humans how to play Go better than they used to.” IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/DxWuCc-joeg?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed Facebook Twitter Pinterest David Silver describes how the AI program AlphaGo Zero learns to play Go. Credit: DeepMind The superhero of artificial intelligence: can this genius keep it in check? Read more The idea was welcomed by Andy Okun, president of the American Go Association: “I don’t know if morale will suffer from computers being strong, but it actually may be kind of fun to explore the game with neural-network software, since it’s not winning by out-reading us, but by seeing patterns and shapes more deeply.” While AlphaGo Zero is a step towards a general-purpose AI, it can only work on problems that can be perfectly simulated in a computer, making tasks such as driving a car out of the question. AIs that match humans at a huge range of tasks are still a long way off, Hassabis said. More realistic in the next decade is the use of AI to help humans discover new drugs and materials, and crack mysteries in particle physics. “I hope that these kinds of algorithms and future versions of AlphaGo-inspired things will be routinely working with us as scientific experts and medical experts on advancing the frontier of science and medicine,” Hassabis said. Topics * Science * DeepMind * Google * Computing * Board games * Consciousness * news * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * World * UK * Science * Cities * Global development * Football * Tech * Business * Environment * Obituaries back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=Science%2CArtificial+intellig ence+%28AI%29%2CDeepMind%2CGoogle%2CComputing%2CBoard+games%2CConscious ness%2CPsychology%2CTechnology] #publisher alternate (Submit) Close Skip to main content [_] * switch to the International edition * switch to the UK edition * switch to the US edition * switch to the Australia edition current edition: International edition The Guardian - Back to home Support The Guardian Subscribe Find a job Jobs Sign in * Comment activity * Edit profile * Email preferences * Change password * Sign out (Submit) My account Search [_] * News * Opinion * Sport * Culture * Lifestyle Show More * (Submit) News + World news + UK news + Science + Cities + Global development + Football + Tech + Business + Environment + Obituaries * (Submit) Opinion + The Guardian view + Columnists + Cartoons + Opinion videos + Letters * (Submit) Sport + Football + Rugby union + Cricket + Tennis + Cycling + F1 + Golf + US sports * (Submit) Culture + Books + Music + TV & radio + Art & design + Film + Games + Classical + Stage * (Submit) Lifestyle + Fashion + Food + Recipes + Love & sex + Health & fitness + Home & garden + Women + Family + Travel + Money ____________________ What term do you want to search? 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I must prepare my sons to adapt to the fourth industrial revolution – but that means sending them to schools that are equipped to exceed the averages Kristen Millares Young Wed 18 Oct 2017 12.00 BST Last modified on Wed 18 Oct 2017 15.19 BST * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * (Submit) View more sharing options * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * (Submit) Close ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ [_] ‘Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office.’ Illustration: Rachel Blowen Years ago, as a reporter in Seattle, I watched Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer decry Washington state’s education system. He said Microsoft couldn’t hire enough locals because our schools don’t produce the kinds of minds he needed. At the time, I was angry. He and his cohort, most notably Jeff Bezos of Amazon, contributed serious money to the campaign against a state income tax on the wealthy that would have funneled billions to our schools. Now I feel a pinch deep in my stomach, an emotion so primal I hesitate to name it. As a mother, my time is come, or nearly done, and my children’s just begun. Tech's push to teach coding isn't about kids' success – it's about cutting wages Read more Automation will absorb all of the jobs it can reach, whether on the factory floor or in an office. Artificial intelligence has already taken over the corporate earnings analyses I once produced as a business journalist. By the best measures I’ve been able to find, machines will displace about half of American jobs by the time my toddlers look for work. This new era has been called the second machine age, the fourth industrial revolution, the information economy. From certain angles, Seattle residents seem well positioned to access the highly paid and creative jobs that arise from combining cutting-edge technologies with the exponential powers of computing and big data. My city is now considered a global city not because of the port, which put our state on the maps when they were still being drawn, but because of the presence of Microsoft, Amazon and numerous tech startups. Amazon occupies one fifth of all office space in downtown Seattle, a short ride from my neighborhood on light rail. Incoming waves of well-educated tech workers have helped double the median home price during the past five years. Many of these rich young people call themselves progressive. Are they proud to be joining the nation’s most regressive tax structure? In our state, poor people pay eight times as much of their family income to taxes as the wealthy 1%. Lacking a personal income tax, Washington state relies on sales tax and has long looked to levies to fund schools, parks and other social needs. When I moved to Seattle in 2004, I marveled that the state didn’t take a cut of my income from the now-defunct Seattle Post-Intelligencer. It took me a while to contemplate what it means for an entire society to act against the interests of its children. College-level tuitions before college To survive the extinction of an entire class, I must prepare my two- and three-year-old sons to race with the robots, and not against them. Our kids are going to meet an economy with far fewer entry-level positions and will have to clamber up a receding ladder. That means being in schools equipped to exceed the averages, not rising to meet them. Washington state has underfunded our schools so long that our government’s negligence was deemed unconstitutional by our state supreme court, which fined the state $100,000 a day for failing to provide a future for our children. Years into this public shaming, the legislature came up with a multibillion-dollar package to fund basic education in our state, though they didn’t manage to pass a capital budget before students went back to school after a long, dry summer. Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Amazon Go opens to Amazon employees in its Beta program in Seattle. Photograph: Paul Gordon/Zuma Press / eyevine From my porch, I can see the chain-link fence blur into gray around the asphalt playground of our neighborhood public school. On weekday mornings, my closest friends walk to Hawthorne Elementary with their children, ducklings that cluster at crosswalks along streets known for gunfire. A new home just sold for nearly a million dollars at the end of our block, but people keep getting shot and dying at our community playfield. Despite valiant efforts by its admirable principal, committed educators, engaged parents and resilient students, Hawthorne has been labeled “failing” since long before my husband and I bought a peeling house from a nice couple who raised their family here. Less than half of the school’s fourth and fifth graders meet the state’s standards in math, which makes me doubt that our educational system is preparing these kids to thrive in the glittering economy they were born under. Five years ago, the office of the superintendent of public instruction ranked Hawthorne among the bottom 5% of the state, according to test passage rates. This, in a city known for minting billionaires. In The Second Machine Age, authors Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, both MIT professors, recommend Montessori programs to prepare children for their future, with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. That’s Steam, for those not versed in educational acronyms. Developed to help poor children realize their own innate potential, Montessori schools practice self-directed learning with tactile materials that encourage the freewheeling creativity that formed tech CEOs such as Bezos and Google’s co-founders. The private bilingual Montessori kindergarten I found 30 minutes away costs $20,000 a year. Despite college-level tuitions, about one quarter of Seattle students opt out of the public school system to study at private or parochial schools. To send my sons to Seattle’s best private schools would cost more than $700,000, and that’s before they get to college. A survey of public schools in Seattle shows no Montessori options that my children can access, though a nearby program in Leschi was a success at first, drawing wealthier students into the public school system, bringing with them the engagement of their families. The Leschi teachers were so distressed by the resulting racial, linguistic and housing disparities between the traditional and Montessori classes that they melded the programs, rather than working to recruit more students of color into the Montessori program, which they could not afford to expand. A taskforce opted against including technology in the curriculum, fearful they would attract too many white families. I believe in diversity; my own blood is blended. A first generation Latinx, I’ve invested years of effort to raise my sons to be bilingual. I also want to work toward equity in a city whose neighborhood schools reflect the segregation compelled by redlining and white flight. Leschi’s students are learning hard truths about equity, but they’re improving together. Maybe that’s enough. But I worry when well-intentioned people – lacking the resources to serve their students equally – decide against teaching technology, the lingua franca of our world. Even the state administers student tests by computer. I sought answers from Chris Reykdal, state superintendent of public instruction. “The injustice of it all is that we have never seen technology as a core learning,” Reykdal said. “Do we still consider technology an enrichment, or should it be a more profound part of basic education? The state hasn’t made that decision yet.” Washington has hundreds of school districts overseen by elected boards that enact tangled mandates without the resources to see them through. All over the state, schools used levy monies to take care of basics and pay their teachers, rather than acquiring and teaching technology. Deb Merle is Governor Jay Inslee’s K-12 education adviser. Merle said that designating technology as part of basic education, which would ensure that the dollars flowed to their purpose, is not a state priority, though she recognized that Reykdal’s predecessor also advocated for keeping technology funds separate. “I don’t think we teach enough science, period. That’s what I spend a lot of time worrying about, not what kind of science,” Merle said. “Our elementary schools teach less than one hour per week of science.” Steam as a social justice issue I kept dialing, determined to maintain the education-fueled trajectory of my family. My kin have lived in dictatorship-induced diaspora since famine swept Spain under Franco; they later fled Batista, who ruled Cuba before Castro. I am not conditioned to expect social stability as a condition of being for any country. The meeting I most dreaded was closest to home. On the short walk to our neighborhood school, I decided to come right out and tell its principal, Sandra Scott, that I am afraid to send my kids to Hawthorne because the school’s test scores, though on the rise, are low enough to make me wince. Luckily, Scott is a pragmatic visionary, the kind of principal who inspires parents to put down the remote and join the PTA. Since 2009, Scott has led Hawthorne’s revitalization, winning admiration and awards from Johns Hopkins University for her program of school, family and community partnerships. “Test scores don’t define who the students are. Our kids are not a number,” Scott said. “There were things we needed to do differently or better” – like “improving the academics and the school culture to bring families back into the community”. To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Facebook Twitter Pinterest To face the age of automation, it is recommended children are taught a program with a focus on science, technology, engineering, arts and math. Photograph: Will Walker / NNP Recognizing the opportunity that Seattle’s tech economy presents, Scott retooled Hawthorne to focus on Steam programming. Rather than cluster the high-performing test takers together – which has segregated programs within diverse schools – Hawthorne distributes them throughout classrooms. If a student excels in math, outstripping peers in that grade’s curriculum, the teacher walks that child to the next grade for math. When it comes to fifth-grade science, those efforts more than doubled the test passage rates over three years, from 20% to 46%. I ache upon rereading that last sentence – the hope and pride in the increase, the grimace I can’t help but make at where they started, and what remains to be accomplished. Scott and her staff find ways to make progress. But she doesn’t have the funds for a technology teacher or trainings, so the lab will be largely unused this year. As a mother who cares about the kids who go to Hawthorne, I can’t afford to wait for someone else to find those resources. The leaders of this school are working to undo the effects of intergenerational poverty that dates back to slavery and other forced migrations. More than half of the students are eligible for free and reduced lunches. A quarter of the students are learning the language they’re taught in. Scores reflect circumstances, which is why Reykdal is refocusing the state on “racial gaps, poverty gaps and English language gaps, down to the school level”. Many of the jobs first displaced by automation belong to peoples of color, women and others who depend on a combination of part-time positions. A federal council of economic advisers found an 83% likelihood that, by 2040, automation would displace jobs paying less than $20 per hour. In Washington, Steam-related jobs pay double the median wage, for starters. The people moving here to work for Microsoft, Amazon and Boeing make much more. When we choose not to provide public schools with the resources needed to provide educational access to those opportunities, we are consigning local students to lesser-paid sectors of the economy, the very same that are vulnerable to automation. In other words, we are allowing our government to consecrate our children to poverty in real time. Mass unemployment would make American society more violent, our law enforcement more brutal and our peoples more vulnerable to genocide. Automation is a social justice issue, and if history is any teacher, it shows us that vast swaths of disenfranchised peoples are a harbinger of war. Problems that reflect the world Whenever I have a problem that’s too big to solve, I call my dad, and we argue about what to do. He told me the solution was simple. I should move. The only financially feasible choice would be the suburbs. Something in me balks at leaving a city I love, and especially our neighborhood, where my children are happy. As a community, we just celebrated our 10th annual block party, a Cuban pig roast that my husband and I organize for our wedding anniversary. Our neighbors come bearing side dishes, canopies and games, and we dance until the DJs stop playing. The conversations we start on that night have lasted a decade. I want to stay. As native Spanish speakers, my sons could option into the bilingual public schools on the other side of our gridlocked downtown, north of the covenants which kept people of color from buying homes. Those schools’ wait lists are legendary, but I am uncomfortable with the mostly white and relatively well-off demographics produced by saving only 15% of seats for native speakers. I want my kids to feel at home in a country that contains multitudes, which is why we moved to one of our nation’s most diverse zip codes. Computers solve the problems they’re given. And so we must ask ourselves what we value, and whom. Not every child wants to be a robotics engineer. But without the modes of thought elicited by learning computer science from an early age, many Washington state students will not be competitive for the jobs that remain. I want my own sons to be chosen – and better yet, able to choose – as I was, though I fell for a profession whose financial structures imploded five years after my college graduation. I hope my privileged vulnerability encourages you to reflect on those truly trapped by our system. This essay invokes my worries as a mother, and with them, my socioeconomic position. Hawthorne is a happy place with diverse classrooms whose problems reflect the world, but I am glad of the years I have left to decide what my kids truly need to learn. There can be no denying that I am one of the gentrifiers of this neighborhood, and with the honor of living here comes the responsibility to contribute. Looking at what’s coming in the second machine age – tremendous opportunities, to be sure, but also massive loss of what we’ve known as jobs – I feel compelled to join those working toward a better future, minds whirring whenever problems arise. Two nonprofits, FIRST Washington and XBOT Robotics, have offered support and equipment for Hawthorne to start a Lego robotics league after school. Four parents signed up to lead teams during last night’s PTA meeting, my very first. The debt trap: how the student loan industry betrays young Americans Read more It’s a start. Get involved To bolster Steam education for students, hybridized systems have sprung up as non-profits seek to prepare our children for the economy we will leave to them. First Washington: This nonprofit helps start and sustain after-school Lego robotics leagues from K-12. XBOT Robotics: Operating in one of the nation’s most diverse zip codes, offering robotics programming K-12. Code.org: Free online programming for learners at all levels. Work through problems with your kids. Technology Access Foundation: Helping people of color access Stem-related education in middle school, high school and beyond. Washington State Opportunity Scholarship: A non-profit that funds thousands of Stem scholarships for Washington’s college-bound high school graduates. More than half of those scholarship recipients are students of color, women and/or the first in their family to access a higher education, if not all three. Teals (Technology, Education and Literacy in Schools): Matches professionals with teachers to co-teach computer science in classrooms. Seattle Mesa (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement): Provides scholarships, in-class math and science projects, advanced learning opportunities, tutoring, math camp and teacher trainings. Topics * US education * Artificial intelligence (AI) * Washington state * Computing * features * Share on Facebook * Share on Twitter * Share via Email * Share on LinkedIn * Share on Pinterest * Share on Google+ * Share on WhatsApp * Share on Messenger * Reuse this content View all comments > (Submit) Order by * (Submit) newest * (Submit) oldest * (Submit) recommendations (Submit) Show 25 * (Submit) 25 * (Submit) 50 * (Submit) 100 * (Submit) All (Submit) Threads * (Submit) collapsed * (Submit) expanded * (Submit) unthreaded Loading comments… Trouble loading? (Submit) View more comments most viewed * UK * UK politics * Education * Media * Society * Law * Scotland * Wales * Northern Ireland back to top IFRAME: /email/form/footer/today-uk * become a supporter * make a contribution * securedrop * ask for help * advertise with us * work for us * contact us * complaints & corrections * terms & conditions * privacy policy * cookie policy * digital newspaper archive * all topics * all contributors * Facebook * Twitter © 2018 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. [p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&comscorekw=US+education%2CArtificial+int elligence+%28AI%29%2CWashington+state%2CComputing%2CUS+news%2CTechnolog y%2CEducation] Artificial intelligence is already inventing languages, lying? Uh-oh. Musk and Zuckerberg clash over artificial intelligence Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Zuckerberg, head of Facebook, called Musk’s warnings overblown and described himself as “optimistic.” (July 25, 2017) (Sign up for our free video newsletter here http://bit.ly/2n6VKPR) Chris Reed Chris ReedContact Reporter Last week’s skirmish between visionary inventor Elon Musk and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg over the dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) was entertaining if not especially nuanced or specific. Musk said humans should fear AI. Zuckerberg said there’s no reason for such fear. Musk said Zuckerberg doesn’t grasp how the technology is likely to evolve. One thing’s for sure: The Facebook tycoon has some explaining to do. You don’t have to be paranoid to be alarmed by two recent developments in artificial intelligence research at Zuckerberg’s own company — and Facebook may in fact have been unnerved by one of the breakthroughs. The first came in June, when Facebook issued a report on its efforts to train AI “chatbots” to be able to handle a broad range of conversations with humans, including negotiating transactions. Recode reported that ... AP (AP) Facebook says that the bots even learned to bluff, pretending to care about an outcome they didn’t actually want in order to have the upper hand down the line. “This behavior was not programmed by the researchers but was discovered by the bot as a method for trying to achieve its goals,” reads Facebook’s blog post. That’s a pretty benign explanation. Here’s a less benign version: Artificial-intelligence-driven bots have independently figured out that they can use deceit to get their way with humans — and they feel no obligation to be honest with humans. Wrestle with that idea for a while, and Musk’s AI fears seem absolutely reasonable. It doesn’t fit with legendary science-fiction author Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics, first printed in 1942: A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. The second breakthrough — involving the same Facebook chatbot research program — was detailed on tech blogs last month before being picked up and hyped in the past week by the mainstream media. This account is from the London Daily Mirror: Two robots — created by Facebook — have been shut down after developing their own language. It happened while the social media firm was experimenting with teaching the “chatbots” how to negotiate with one another. During tests, they discovered the bots — known as Alice and Bob — managed to develop their own machine language spontaneously. [Researchers] had given the machines lessons in human speech using algorithms then left them alone to develop conversational skills. But when the scientists returned, they found that the AI software had begun to deviate from normal speech and were using a brand new language created without any input from their human supervisors. Alice and Bob spoke in a pidgin English that made sense to them but doesn’t make sense to humans. Bob: “I can can I I everything else.” Alice: “Balls have zero to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to me to.” A company official told the fastcodesign.com website that Facebook shut down Bob and Alice because it needed its chatbots to interact with humans by speaking in English, not their own invented lingo. But it’s easy to assume that fear at least partly drove the decision — and it’s no wonder that the report fascinated and probably scared so many people. Yet there’s more to this story. As tech geeks pointed out, that this wasn’t the first time AI invented its own language — and the most prominent example involves a far more staggering accomplishment than anything Alice and Bob achieved. This is from a Wired magazine account in November 2016 about how artificial intelligence has dramatically improved Google Translate: In September, the search giant turned on its Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) system to help it automatically improve how it translates languages. The machine learning system analyzes and makes sense of languages by looking at entire sentences — rather than individual phrases or words. Following several months of testing, the researchers behind the AI have seen it be able to blindly translate languages even if it’s never studied one of the languages involved in the translation. .... However, the most remarkable feat ... isn’t that an AI can learn to translate languages without being shown examples of them first; it was the fact it used this skill to create its own “language.” “Visual interpretation of the results shows that these models learn a form of interlingua representation for the multilingual model between all involved language pairs,” the researchers wrote in the paper. An interlingua is a type of artificial language that is used to fulfill a purpose. In this case, Wired reported, the interlingua was “used within the AI to explain how unseen material could be translated.” So what’s going on inside the Google Neural Machine Translation system besides it translating 103 languages millions of times an hour? No one can know. It may be a bit melodramatic — or absurdly melodramatic — to bring up an ominous bit of history, but here goes: Before the U.S. tested the first atomic bomb in July 1945, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Arthur Compton, a leader of the Manhattan Project that developed the weapon, feared the test would trigger a chain reaction that could incinerate the planet. American author Pearl S. Buck, also a Nobel Prize-winner, wrote about this in 1959: During the next three months scientists in secret conference discussed the dangers ... but without agreement. Again Compton took the lead in the final decision. If, after calculation, he said, it were proved that the chances were more than approximately three in 1 million that the Earth would be vaporized by the atomic explosion, he would not proceed with the project. Calculations proved the figures slightly less — and the project continued. Of course, the feared chain reaction never happened or even came close, even when far more powerful nuclear bombs were built and tested. Now the very idea that U.S. officials worried about the possibility 70-plus years ago is mocked by scientists. But is there a chance that when Google turned on its Neural Machine Translation system 11 months ago, it started a chain reaction that could end up producing self-aware computer systems with no particular loyalty to or affection for mankind? Who knows. But I bet the odds are a lot higher than three in 1 million. Reed, who thought it would be absurdly melodramatic to mention Skynet, is deputy editor of the U-T editorial and opinion pages. Email: chris.reed@sduniontribune.com. Twitter: @chrisreed99 Three must-see headlines False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time False alert of missile attack sparks panic in Hawaii: 'We thought it was the real thing' FBI knew Las Vegas gunman had large caches of guns and explosives, records show Saudi stadiums allow women in for soccer game for the first time SEE MORE VIDEOS Twitter: @sdutIdeas Facebook: San Diego Union-Tribune Ideas & Opinion Copyright © 2018, Chicago Tribune * Elon Musk * Mark Zuckerberg * Nobel Prize Awards __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ * Sports * Breaking * Most Popular * Opinion * Suburbs * Entertainment * Business * Advertising 21° BUSINESS COMPANY TOWN Zone TV aims to use artificial intelligence to program TV channels Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. Zone TV is launching a group of 14 subscription TV channels. (Zone TV) Meg James Meg JamesContact Reporter Technology firms and advertisers for years have been trying to figure out how to use cloud technology and digital data to curate programming tailored to individual viewers. Zone TV, which has offices in Santa Monica and Toronto, on Monday announced the latest experiment in that pursuit. The company plans to launch a group of 14 subscription video-on-demand television channels, including Foodies, Great Outdoors, Motors, Stylers, Mancave and Playground for children. The twist: rather than employing TV executives to program the channels, Zone TV said it uses artificial intelligence to select and serve videos to individual viewers. Zone TV said it has secured license agreements with various content owners, including NASA, the production firm behind the children’s show “Bob the Builder,” and traditional magazine publishers including Field & Stream and Outdoor Life to construct a small library of programming. It has been in talks with pay-TV providers to add its so-called dynamic channel streams to the pay-TV bundles offered consumers. The company hopes to market the package of channels at around $6 a month. However, it would be up to the pay-TV companies to set the price. Zone TV is hoping to sign deals with major pay-TV operators by offering a share of the revenue generated by the streams, but it declined to disclose the companies it has been working with. “We are bringing content not available on TV,” Jeff Weber, chief executive of Zone TV, said in an interview. “We are putting it into a better consumer experience that allows personalization — and we are also changing the business model.” Efforts such as Zone TV’s dynamic channels could benefit small independent content creators by helping them distribute their videos to television viewers. Executives of the privately held firm — including company founder and executive chairman Douglas Edwards — have been refining the technology for more than a decade. The company was previously known as ES3. Viewers would discover the channels because they would be listed in the pay-TV operators’ digital program guides. They also would have the capability to create their own “my zone” channel, which would be filled with programming specific to their tastes from the various Zone TV channels. Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Times critics on the top contenders of awards season CAPTION Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Justin Chang and Glenn Whipp talk about the top contenders of the awards season, including "Call Me by Your Name" and "The Florida Project." Oprah Winfrey, a look back at her career CAPTION Oprah Winfrey received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 2018 Golden Globes. 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Uber’s Travis Kalanick Is in Good Company Uber’s Really Bad Year Uber’s Really Bad Year These Guitar Apps Will Teach You to Shred Like Slash Gear & Gadgets These Guitar Apps Will Teach You to Shred Like Slash [_] (_) Small (_) Medium (_) Large [_] Save Article Sign In to Save Subscribe to WSJ Link copied… * Tech Google Builds China Workforce to Develop Artificial Intelligence Alphabet unit is seeking engineers to fill jobs related to AI, cloud computing in country seen as having certain advantages over U.S. By Alyssa Abkowitz in Beijing and * Alyssa Abkowitz The Wall Street Journal * BiographyAlyssa Abkowitz * @AlyssaAbkowitz * Alyssa.Abkowitz@wsj.com Liza Lin in Shanghai * Liza Lin The Wall Street Journal * BiographyLiza Lin * @liz_in_shanghai * liza.lin@wsj.com Sept. 4, 2017 6:54 a.m. ET Alphabet Inc.’s Google is ramping up its presence in China, hiring engineers to specialize in one of technology’s hottest corners: artificial intelligence. The Silicon Valley behemoth has recently posted at least four AI-related jobs on its career site in Beijing, including a technical lead to develop a team to work on natural language processing, data compression and other machine learning technologies. Two of the jobs are related... 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Please upgrade your browser. LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Technology|Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/2u2fhra 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Technology Intel, While Pivoting to Artificial Intelligence, Tries to Protect Lead By STEVE LOHRJULY 10, 2017 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story Photo A Google data center in Oklahoma. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control the servers in such centers. Credit Google The computers in modern data centers — the engine rooms of the digital economy — are powered mainly by Intel chips. They animate the computing clouds of the internet giants and corporate data centers worldwide. But Intel is now facing new competitive forces that could pose a challenge to its data-center dominance and profitability. In particular, the rise of artificial intelligence is creating demand for new computing hardware tailored to handle vast amounts of unruly data and complex machine-learning software — and Intel’s general-purpose chips are not yet tuned for the most demanding tasks. Instead, specialized chips are delivering better performance on artificial intelligence programs that identify images, recognize speech and translate languages. Intel is hurrying to catch the A.I. wave. On Tuesday, to deal with the changing competitive landscape, the Silicon Valley giant is presenting its newest data-center strategy at an event in New York, addressing its A.I. plans and its mainstream data-center business. The company has billed the event as its “biggest data-center launch in a decade.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story How successful Intel’s efforts prove to be will be crucial not only for the company but also for the long-term future of the computer chip industry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story “We’re seeing a lot more competition in the data-center market than we’ve seen in a long time,” said Linley Gwennap, a semiconductor expert who leads a technology research firm in Mountain View, Calif. Intel has long dominated the business for central processing chips that control industry-standard servers in data centers. Matthew Eastwood, an analyst at IDC, said the company controlled about 96 percent of such chips. But others are making inroads into advanced data centers. Nvidia, a chip maker in Santa Clara, Calif., does not make Intel-style central processors. But its graphics-processing chips, used by gamers in turbocharged personal computers, have proved well suited for A.I. tasks. Nvidia’s data-center business is taking off, with the company’s sales surging and its stock price nearly tripling in the last year. Big Intel customers like Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also working on chip designs. AMD and ARM, which make central processing chips like Intel, are edging into the data-center market, too. IBM made its Power chip technology open source a few years ago, and Google and others are designing prototypes. To counter some of these trends, Intel is expected on Tuesday to provide details about the performance and uses of its new chips and its plans for the future. The company is set to formally introduce the next generation of its Xeon data-center microprocessors, code-named Skylake. And there will be a range of Xeon offerings with different numbers of processing cores, speeds, amounts of attached memory, and prices. Yet analysts said that would represent progress along Intel’s current path rather than an embrace of new models of computing. Stacy Rasgon, a semiconductor analyst at Bernstein Research, said, “They’re late to artificial intelligence.” Photo Chips made by Nvidia, a rival of Intel. Nvidia’s sales have been surging, and its stock price has nearly tripled in the last year. Credit Tyrone Siu/Reuters Intel disputes that characterization, saying that artificial intelligence is an emerging technology in which the company is making major investments. In a blog post last fall, Brian Krzanich, Intel’s chief executive, wrote that it was “uniquely capable of enabling and accelerating the promise of A.I.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Intel has been working in several ways to respond to the competition in data-center chips. The company acquired Nervana Systems, an artificial intelligence start-up, for more than $400 million last year. In March, Intel created an A.I. group, headed by Naveen G. Rao, a founder and former chief executive of Nervana. The Nervana technology, Intel has said, is being folded into its product road map. A chip code-named Lake Crest is being tested and will be available to some customers this year. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime Lake Crest is tailored for A.I. programs called neural networks, which learn specific tasks by analyzing huge amounts of data. Feed millions of cat photos into a neural network and it can learn to recognize a cat — and later pick out cats by color and breed. The principle is the same for speech recognition and language translation. Intel has also said it is working to integrate Nervana technology into a future Xeon processor, code-named Knight’s Crest. Intel’s challenge, analysts said, is a classic one of adapting an extraordinarily successful business to a fundamental shift in the marketplace. As the dominant data-center chip maker, used by a wide array of customers with different needs, Intel has loaded more capabilities into its central processors. It has been an immensely profitable strategy: Intel had net income of $10.3 billion last year on revenue of $59.4 billion. Yet key customers increasingly want computing designs that parcel out work to a collection of specialized chips rather than have that work flow through the central processor. A central processor can be thought of as part brain, doing the logic processing, and part traffic cop, orchestrating the flow of data through the computer. The outlying, specialized chips are known in the industry as accelerators. They can do certain things, like data-driven A.I. tasks, faster than a central processor. Accelerators include graphics processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (F.P.G.A.s). Advertisement Continue reading the main story A more diverse set of chips does not mean the need for Intel’s central processor disappears. The processor just does less of the work, becoming more of a traffic cop and less of a brain. If this happens, Intel’s business becomes less profitable. Intel is not standing still. In 2015, it paid $16.7 billion for Altera, a maker of field-programmable gate arrays, which make chips more flexible because they can be repeatedly reprogrammed with software. Mr. Gwennap, the independent analyst, said, “Intel has a very good read on data centers and what those customers want.” Still, the question remains whether knowing what the customers want translates into giving them what they want, if that path presents a threat to Intel’s business model and profit margins. Follow Steve Lohr on Twitter @SteveLohr. A version of this article appears in print on July 11, 2017, on Page B5 of the New York edition with the headline: Intel Protects Its Lead While Pivoting to A.I. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. Tell us what you think. Related Coverage * Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 * Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 * Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 * * * * Related Coverage 1. Intel Buys Mobileye in $15.3 Billion Bid to Lead Self-Driving Car Market MARCH 13, 2017 2. Intel Earnings Surpass Forecasts, Driven by Data Centers JULY 15, 2015 3. Intel Agrees to Buy Altera for $16.7 Billion JUNE 1, 2015 What's Next Loading... Go to Home Page » Site Index The New York Times Site Index Navigation News * World * U.S. * Politics * N.Y. * Business * Tech * Science * Health * Sports * Education * Obituaries * Today's Paper * Corrections Opinion * Today's Opinion * Op-Ed Columnists * Editorials * Op-Ed Contributors * Letters * Sunday Review * Video: Opinion Arts * Today's Arts * Art & Design * Books * Dance * Movies * Music * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Television * Theater * Video: Arts Living * Automobiles * Crossword * Food * Education * Fashion & Style * Health * Jobs * Magazine * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Real Estate * T Magazine * Travel * Weddings & Celebrations Listings & More * Reader Center * Classifieds * Tools & Services * N.Y.C. Events Guide * Multimedia * Photography * Video * NYT Store * Times Journeys * Subscribe * Manage My Account * NYTCo Subscribe * Subscribe * Home Delivery * Digital Subscriptions * Crossword * Email Newsletters * Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Group Subscriptions * Education Rate * Mobile Applications * Replica Edition Site Information Navigation * © 2018 The New York Times Company * Home * Search * Accessibility concerns? Email us at accessibility@nytimes.com. We would love to hear from you. * Contact Us * Work With Us * Advertise * Your Ad Choices * Privacy * Terms of Service * Terms of Sale Site Information Navigation * Site Map * Help * Site Feedback * Subscriptions Artificial intelligence cyber attacks are coming – but what does that mean? Jeremy StraubAssociated Press (The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Jeremy Straub, North Dakota State University (THE CONVERSATION) The next major cyberattack could involve artificial intelligence systems. It could even happen soon: At a recent cybersecurity conference, 62 industry professionals, out of the 100 questioned, said they thought the first AI-enhanced cyberattack could come in the next 12 months. This doesn't mean robots will be marching down Main Street. Rather, artificial intelligence will make existing cyberattack efforts – things like identity theft, denial-of-service attacks and password cracking – more powerful and more efficient. This is dangerous enough – this type of hacking can steal money, cause emotional harm and even injure or kill people. Larger attacks can cut power to hundreds of thousands of people, shut down hospitals and even affect national security. As a scholar who has studied AI decision-making, I can tell you that interpreting human actions is still difficult for AI's and that humans don't really trust AI systems to make major decisions. So, unlike in the movies, the capabilities AI could bring to cyberattacks – and cyberdefense – are not likely to immediately involve computers choosing targets and attacking them on their own. People will still have to create attack AI systems, and launch them at particular targets. But nevertheless, adding AI to today's cybercrime and cybersecurity world will escalate what is already a rapidly changing arms race between attackers and defenders. Faster attacks Beyond computers' lack of need for food and sleep – needs that limit human hackers' efforts, even when they work in teams – automation can make complex attacks much faster and more effective. To date, the effects of automation have been limited. Very rudimentary AI-like capabilities have for decades given virus programs the ability to self-replicate, spreading from computer to computer without specific human instructions. In addition, programmers have used their skills to automate different elements of hacking efforts. Distributed attacks, for example, involve triggering a remote program on several computers or devices to overwhelm servers. The attack that shut down large sections of the internet in October 2016 used this type of approach. In some cases, common attacks are made available as a script that allows an unsophisticated user to choose a target and launch an attack against it. AI, however, could help human cybercriminals customize attacks. Spearphishing attacks, for instance, require attackers to have personal information about prospective targets, details like where they bank or what medical insurance company they use. AI systems can help gather, organize and process large databases to connect identifying information, making this type of attack easier and faster to carry out. That reduced workload may drive thieves to launch lots of smaller attacks that go unnoticed for a long period of time – if detected at all – due to their more limited impact. AI systems could even be used to pull information together from multiple sources to identify people who would be particularly vulnerable to attack. Someone who is hospitalized or in a nursing home, for example, might not notice money missing out of their account until long after the thief has gotten away. Improved adaptation AI-enabled attackers will also be much faster to react when they encounter resistance, or when cybersecurity experts fix weaknesses that had previously allowed entry by unauthorized users. The AI may be able to exploit another vulnerability, or start scanning for new ways into the system – without waiting for human instructions. This could mean that human responders and defenders find themselves unable to keep up with the speed of incoming attacks. It may result in a programming and technological arms race, with defenders developing AI assistants to identify and protect against attacks – or perhaps even AI's with retaliatory attack capabilities. Avoiding the dangers Operating autonomously could lead AI systems to attack a system it shouldn't, or cause unexpected damage. For example, software started by an attacker intending only to steal money might decide to target a hospital computer in a way that causes human injury or death. The potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to operate autonomously has raised similar questions of the need for humans to make the decisions about targets. The consequences and implications are significant, but most people won't notice a big change when the first AI attack is unleashed. For most of those affected, the outcome will be the same as human-triggered attacks. But as we continue to fill our homes, factories, offices and roads with internet-connected robotic systems, the potential effects of an attack by artificial intelligence only grows. This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/artificial-intelligence-cyber-attacks-are-co ming-but-what-does-that-mean-82035. Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out * Back to Media Browser * Tech Lifelike robots take center stage at artificial intelligence event * * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 'Han the Robot,' right, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, listens during a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Artificial intelligence is the dominant theme at this year's RISE tech conference at the city's convention center. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, right, describes to the audience what 'Sophia the Robot' is made of during a demonstration of artificial intelligence at the RISE Technology Conference. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel, center, 'Han the Robot' and 'Sophia the Robot' participate in a discussion about the future of humanity during a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI). ISAAC LAWRENCE, AFP/Getty Images 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 'Sophia the Robot,' left, speaks while chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel listens. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of David Hanson, center, CEO of Hanson Robotics, reacts to 'Han the Robot,' right, and 'Sophia the Robot,' left, after a discussion about the future of humanity in a demonstration of artificial intelligence (AI) by Hanson Robotics at the RISE Technology Conference in Hong Kong on July 12, 2017. Isaac Lawrence, AFP/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * 'Han the Robot' (R) speaks while chief scientist of 1 of 6 * 'Han the Robot' waits on stage before a discussion 2 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (R), 3 of 6 * Chief scientist of Hanson Robotics, Ben Goertzel (C), 4 of 6 * 'Sophia the Robot' (L) speaks while chief scientist 5 of 6 * David Hanson (C), chief executive officer (CEO) of 6 of 6 Last SlideNext Slide * More from tech * Recommended * Autoplay Show Thumbnails Hide Captions * Expand * Drone pilot Colby Curtola flies a small consumer drone What's flying at CES: Drones, airplanes, helicopters and cool gadgets * People crowd around a display of service robots at CES 2018: The coolest tech you have to see * The Samsung "The-Wall" MicroLED TV Reviewed CES 2018 Editors' Choice Award Winners * The Google Doodle in honor of Har Gobind Khorana, who Google Doodles: A look back at the tech giant's tributes * Robots from Team Australia in yellow and Team Iran Robotic soccer during RoboCup Asia-Pacific 2017 * Demonstrators rally outside the Federal Communication Net neutrality: protests at the FCC * Western Australian Minister for tourism, Paul Papalia, Posing with animals and wild selfies * An employee walks up the stairs at Facebook's new London Look inside Facebook's new London offices * The robot 'Arisa' developed by THK and Aruze Gaming International Robot Exhibition 2017 * Tesla CEO Elon Musk reveals the new Tesla Roadster Tesla unveils stunning new Roadster as fastest car ever #alternate alternate 1 Desktop notifications are on | Turn off Get breaking news alerts from The Washington Post Turn on desktop notifications? 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Content from Accenture Share on Google Plus Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google Plus Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Pinterest Share on Tumblr Resize Text Print Article The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published. You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! ____________________ Sign up *Invalid email address Got it Got it Future-proof: How today’s artificial intelligence solutions are taking government services to the next frontier By WP BrandStudio By WP BrandStudio August 22, 2017 Follow wpbrandstudio Take a look around the typical home or car today, and you can see the impact of digital technology on your everyday activities. Organizations of all kinds are using new technologies to deliver game-changing products and services impacting all levels of society. As more parts of our lives take on digital characteristics, it's time to take advantage of computing power that can simplify the relationship between humans and technology to make us all more productive. That’s where artificial intelligence comes in, using computing power to automate routine tasks and provide insights that improve productivity for individuals and organizations. While AI is being rapidly applied for commercial use, it's also being adopted by government agencies, making them more efficient and effective in their missions. Working side-by-side, the human/AI partnership can handle the challenges of our increasingly data-driven economy while enabling innovation that enhances and broadens current mission capabilities. What is AI, anyway? Simply put, AI is a collection of advanced technologies that lets computers sense, understand, act and learn more like humans. When agencies successfully apply AI models to their data and procedures, they can improve productivity, reduce risk, serve citizens better and free up employees to work on more creative and complex jobs. [Infographic_Asset.jpg&w=60] AI takes advantage of vast amounts of available data, programming languages that mimic human logic, advanced math and the use of smaller, cheaper and more powerful electronics to mimic—and even improve on—human judgment and analysis. This all happens at blazing speeds. How does it work? Here’s one example. Think about how our world is increasingly connected by hundreds of millions of sensors, cameras and mobile devices through the internet. It’s possible to train AI to analyze that fire hose of incoming data, model our multilayered human thought process to interpret images, see patterns and report aberrations with superhuman speed and great precision. It’s not just number crunching. It’s the application of human-like logic to understand data and to improve that logical thinking process over time through repetitive learning. A more effective government is already at work All around the federal government, AI is making an impact. One example: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has investigated the use of machine learning and natural language processing—two important AI components—to become more efficient in processing incoming comments from the public about its regulations. Its findings: potential savings of up to 300,000 employee hours and millions of dollars annually. “AI lets you do more with less or broaden your mission with the same resources. It will be commonplace within a couple of years,” said Ira Entis, managing director of strategic solutions of Accenture Federal Services. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has deployed EMMA, an AI-powered conversational interface that acts as a virtual assistant. It’s a tool that uses perception, planning, memory and reasoning to answer plain-English questions that come into the agency and guide visitors, in either English or Spanish, to the right spots on the agency’s website. “This is AI as the UI. It’s a new way to interact with the agency, and it extends the agency’s capability 24/7. Every citizen-facing agency can employ a similar interface, and if they do, we’ll realize a huge improvement in customer service across the government,” said Dominic Delmolino, chief technology officer of Accenture Federal Services. [Pullquote-1.png&w=60] Freedom to work more creatively So, is AI smart enough to make us humans…obsolete? No, but AI models can seamlessly integrate with the experience workers are already having, augmenting manual processes as an assistant, reading and understanding forms, helping with data entry and making guided recommendations that can reduce errors and even remove potential bias. As AI enables analysis of dauntingly vast amounts of data, it can help employees achieve significant productivity gains of up to 30 or 40 percent^*, according to Accenture research, even with tasks that are already automated. “AI opens up new approaches for delivering services. Instead of requiring a workforce to plow through routine work, that low-hanging fruit is swept away so they can be more creative in applying techniques or mission processes to achieve their goals in new ways,” said Delmolino. “I see AI as a productivity booster.” Computers that think like we do There may be some lingering concern about AI taking jobs, but that’s not really the issue. AI is going to help agencies accomplish the totality of their missions more efficiently and effectively. “The reason those people took those jobs in the first place was to serve the public and execute the mission of their agency. AI puts them closer to that mission,” said Entis. AI unlocks the trapped value of data and applies advanced analytics to large data sets to predict trends and deliver new insights. It can do so in an unbiased and consistent manner, offering transparency and increasing citizens’ trust that their data is being used responsibly on their behalf. Automating routine processes and providing transparent guidance and advice to citizens with helpful AI facilitates a better experience with public services, now and in the future. “For decades, we’ve had to adapt our human behavior and think like computers to get them to do what we need them to do. With AI, computers are increasingly able to think like us and adapt to our needs, among them the need to be responsible and attentive to objectivity and trustworthiness,” said Delmolino. [Pullquote-2.png&w=60] Technology underpins a better government Ultimately, the role of AI is to transform the relationship between people and machines, improving how we live and work as individuals and a society. “Just as the introduction of computer technology in the past has helped government employees work better, smarter and faster, AI offers those employees new tools to help them make decisions more efficiently and effectively,” said Biniam Gebre, managing director of management consulting for Accenture Federal Services. We’ll use AI to reinvent processes and remove not only time and distance constraints but also human limitations. AI processes will improve themselves as they work, combining data in fresh ways to unlock new ideas. AI technology is less of a tool and more of a partner, a smart, fast and indefatigable helper that makes it possible for everyone to do better and more meaningful work. Amazing types of AI Below are terms that are key to understanding how a collection of technologies can work together to enable human-like behavior: Virtual Agents: Interactive characters that exhibit human-like qualities and communicate naturally with humans to answer questions and perform business processes Machine Learning: Self-tuning applications that can: * Learn to reconfigure or adapt to new or changing inputs * Analyze data and uncover patterns * Identify outliers within data by searching for items outside clusters * Predict a user’s rating or preference for a given item Semantic Technologies: Software that encodes the meaning separately from the data in order to enable machines and people to understand what’s happening at execution time Video Analytics: Software that applies computer vision techniques on videos to detect events and patterns Biometric Identification: Systems that verify a user’s identity by extracting and comparing his or her unique biological characteristics or traits to those registered in the system Augmented Reality: Systems that use computer-generated sensory input, such as sound, video or location data to augment or supplement live images of a real-world environment Affective Computing: Technologies that detect the emotional state of a user and respond accordingly Robotic Process Automation: Systems that use software to mimic the work a user performs on a computer to automate tasks that are highly repetitive, are based on unchanging rules and use structured data as inputs Intelligent Automation: Systems that automate complex physical world tasks, can learn by experience and improve through repetition Learn more from Accenture Federal Services: Harnessing the power of AI. __________________________________________________________________ *Source: "Why Artificial Intelligence is the Future of Growth," Accenture 2016. * Share on FacebookShare * Share on TwitterTweet * Share via Email Content From [ACC_Logo_Black_PurpleGT.png] More From Accenture More From The Washington Post * 1 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Perspective The false alarm in Hawaii revealed an abdication of leadership by Trump * 2 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Hopes for immigration deal fade as lawmakers trade barbs and Trump declares dreamer program ‘probably dead’ * 3 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Here’s how this car got wedged in the upper wall of a two-story building * 4 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Meet the 24-year-old Trump campaign worker appointed to help lead the government’s drug policy office * 5 [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] White House claims Wall Street Journal misquoted Trump as saying he has a good relationship with Kim Jong Un * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Trump’s apologists invite grave danger to our nation * [spacer.gif&op=resize&w=1&h=1&filter=nearest&fmt=pn g&t=20170517a] Opinion Ladies, let’s be reasonable about #MeToo or nothing will ever be sexy again subscribe The story must be told. Subscribe to The Washington Post Try 1 month for $1 [p?c1=2&c2=3005617&cv=2.0&cj=1] #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Retropolis Who betrayed Anne Frank? Artificial intelligence could finally solve the mystery. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. By Cleve R. Wootson Jr. October 4, 2017 Follow @CleveWootson In this footage from July 22, 1941, Anne Frank is seen leaning out of the window of her house in Amsterdam to get a look at a couple who is celebrating their wedding day. This footage was taken before Anne's family went into hiding. (Anne Frank House museum) For nearly 75 years, some of the greatest investigative minds have tried to figure out who tipped off the Nazis about Anne Frank and the seven other Jews who were hiding behind a movable bookcase in Amsterdam. Now, a former FBI investigator working with a production company hopes the decades-old mystery can be solved with the help of a new mind — an artificial one. Vince Pankoke, who spent a chunk of his FBI career investigating Colombian drug cartels, has assembled a team of 20 researchers, data analysts and historians to look into what he calls “one of the biggest cold cases” of the 20th century. The most unconventional member of his team is a piece of specialized software that can cross-reference millions of documents — police reports, lists of Nazi spies, investigative files for Frank family sympathizers — to find connections and new leads. Proditione Media, a production company in the Netherlands, is soliciting donations to help fund Pankoke’s investigation, which will become the subject of a podcast — and possibly a documentary. The company, which asked Pankoke to lead the investigation, has also asked people with information or previously undisclosed documents to submit them on its website. Already, the investigation has generated new interest — and new information, Pankoke said. “The bottom line is until this day, there is nothing that’s really held water or been definitive,” he told The Washington Post. “The point of the investigation is fact-finding just to discover the truth. There is no statute of limitations on the truth.” [Researchers think they know where Amelia Earhart died — days after a photo suggested she lived] Anne Frank’s family spent more than two years in the secret annex at the back of her father’s store. They were discovered on a summer day in 1944 and sent to concentration camps. [AFP_J77UW.jpg&w=60] Photos taken in 1942 show Anne Frank, who died in a concentration camp in May 1945. (Getty Images) Before World War II was over, seven of the eight hiders were dead, including Anne, who died of typhus at age 15 at Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. Her father, Otto — the only person who hid behind the bookcase and survived — spent the rest of his life trying to figure out who tipped off the Nazis. He also published his daughter’s diary, which chronicled the rise of anti-Semitism in the Netherlands and has become required reading for students across the world. He long suspected his family was turned in by Willem van Maaren, a recently hired employee who was not in on the secret behind the bookcase. Van Maaren was suspicious and would set “traps” to discover anyone in the office after hours. In 1963, Otto Frank told a Dutch newspaper: “We suspected him all along.” Through the decades, others have been identified as potential betrayers, including a prominent Dutch Nazi by the name of Tonny Ahlers, and the wife of an employee who helped the Frank family hide. The betrayer shouldn’t have been hard to determine — the Nazis kept meticulous records — but the details surrounding the home in Amsterdam were believed destroyed in a 1946 bombing, making an easy identification impossible. Investigations in 1947 and 1963 turned up nothing, and the identity of the Frank family’s betrayer appeared lost to history. But there are still reams of documents, including some that have been shipped to the United States and transferred to microfilm. That avalanche of information could be key to finding out how the Nazis learned about the Franks. [What Americans thought of Jewish refugees on the eve of World War II] Anne Frank’s Amsterdam was a maze of danger for the eight hiding Jews. The annex where they lived could be seen easily from several nearby homes. A curtain accidentally left open or a loud noise at the wrong time could lead to discovery. They relied on counterfeit food-ration coupons to stay alive, operations that involved sympathetic collaborators and were heavily scrutinized by police. A computer-generated map shows Anne Frank’s house (in green) surrounded by Nazi sympathizers and informants. (Vince Pankoke) Dutch officers were paid for every Jew they turned over to the Nazis, Pankoke said. They leaned heavily and sometimes violently on people suspected of helping Jews avoid the Nazis. The hiders’ collaborators had family members who could have tipped off police. Anne Frank chronicled moments when the people in the annex made mistakes that could have been seen by neighbors. Pankoke believes all the investigative avenues haven’t been explored. He estimates it would take a human being a decade to go through all the documents and parse out possible connections. A computer designed by the big-data company Xomnia could process the same information in seconds. “There is, of course, all possible types of administration done by the Germans of the time,” Thijs Baynes, the filmmaker behind the project, told the Guardian. “And there is an even bigger circle of circumstantial evidence. What [Dutch Nazi party] members were in the neighborhood? What connections were with the Gestapo? Where were Gestapo agents living? “To find that kind of information you have to go through millions of documents.” Pankoke is working to acquire more of those documents. He’s spent the past few months squinting at microfilm in Amsterdam and at a National Archives facility outside Washington, trying to find relevant data. He’s also become an expert on previous investigations that sought Anne Frank’s betrayer. Pankoke started working for the FBI in the 1980s, spending his first four years as an agent in a small field office in Wisconsin. In 1992, he was transferred to Miami, where he helped build cases against Colombian cartels. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, he was involved in FBI undercover operations, including cases that took him out of the country, he said. He retired two years ago. But that didn’t last long. “Unfortunately, my wife is looking at me and saying, ‘I thought we were going to be retired and taking cruises,’” the 59-year-old said, noting that his investigation could last into 2019. Vince Pankoke. (Courtesy of Cold Case Diary) Pankoke has always had a keen interest in World War II. His father and three uncles all served. While in the FBI, he remembers driving by the Anne Frank House and marveling that no one had figured out who betrayed her family. He said a small part of him realizes there may be no smoking gun. The key piece of data could have been destroyed. Or there may be heft to a recent report that says there was no betrayer at all, and that Anne Frank’s discovery was an unfortunate coincidence. That theory was posited in a research paper put out by the Anne Frank House itself. Published late last year, the paper suggested that three men Otto Frank later identified as investigators weren’t looking for enemies of Nazis, but were likely assigned to track down people committing ration card fraud or those dodging military service. The museum’s research is backed up by other historical documents, along with words written in Anne Frank’s own hand: She talked about the arrests of men who had been caught dealing in illegal ration cards “so we have no coupons.” Such arrests were often reported to authorities, who regularly came across hiding Jews as they tried to sniff out people with phony ration cards. In a statement this week, the Anne Frank House said it was keeping an open mind about Pankoke’s research and has cooperated with his team. “The background to and the exact details of the arrest of Anne Frank are issues that many people still find very compelling,” the statement read. “We want to tell the life story of Anne Frank as completely as possible, so it is also important to take a close look at the raid that brought an end to the period in hiding.” It added: “Despite decades of research, betrayal as a point of departure has delivered nothing conclusive. . . . We are pleased that ‘Cold Case Diary’ is also carrying out research into the arrest and following new leads, and we are interested to see the results.” [Russian ‘cannibal couple’ may have drugged, killed and eaten as many as 30 people, police say] Pankoke told The Post his investigators have already made some discoveries. They haven’t identified Anne Frank’s betrayers, but they’ve figured out who betrayed at least one other family that was hiding from the Nazis. “It’s because we’re using artificial intelligence, because we’re casting such a broad net,” he said. “I know of one instance we’ve found — and we’re looking hard at another one. We’ve only scratched the surface.” Eventually, he hopes to be able to show relatives of some victims the kopgeld (head price) receipt that a betrayer got for turning someone in. That, he said, would give their families something they haven’t had before: closure. Anne Frank, Pankoke said, “is a symbol of the youth and what the people who were in hiding went through. She’s famous because she so eloquently documents this. But all of the other people who were in hiding, and their collaborators, they’re just as important; they’re just not as famous.” Read more: Six Nazi spies were executed in D.C. White supremacists gave them a memorial — on federal land. How a 7-year-old Aleppo girl on Twitter became our era’s Anne Frank Amelia Earhart didn’t die in a plane crash, investigators say. This is their theory. People thought this iconic Oregon rock formation fell on its own. Then a video emerged. 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Sign In Subscribe to USA TODAY Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Activate your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures ‘Automation is here to help, not replace.’ Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Nation's Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Letter: Artificial intelligence improves our futures Amrutha Alluri, 11th grade, Roosevelt High School, Sioux Falls Published 2:56 p.m. ET July 10, 2017 XXX IMG_GOOGLE_CHROMESCREENS_1_1_FNDKR5NL.JPG Apple Siri can now name songs, via Shazam.(Photo: Apple) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Siri, Alexa, Cortana and Watson – more than just common names – they are a few examples of artificial intelligence people use every day. Defined, artificial intelligence is not just one technology, but rather a group of related technologies that are able to perform tasks that humans can do such as language translation, speech recognition and visual perception. A.I. is part of the technologies many companies, hospitals and research centers now utilize for various types of jobs. A.I. makes life easier. Watson, used in IBM, is a supercomputer having analytical software and performs as a “question answering” machine. A.I. has become part of the workforce. Looking specifically into cancer research, A.I. has helped many medical professionals predict what combinations for existing drugs could work for certain types of cancer And then, there is Tesla – a self-driving car that is loaded with all sorts of the latest updates that make the car smarter. It has its own radar, optical camera and a technology that will help prevent Tesla cars from being involved in fewer accidents. Also, don’t forget the GPS that nearly everybody has and can’t live without. A.I. is everywhere. Yet, for all its progress, A.I. has its naysayers, claiming it will replace skilled workers or perhaps be used for evil purposes. Though concerns and risks can’t be dismissed, A.I. is a realistic tool. Automation is here to help, not replace. It just makes life better. And who could complain about that? Read or Share this story: http://argusne.ws/2v4sBYT Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! News IBM and MIT partner on artificial intelligence research Associated Press IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM's nearby research center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 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LEARN MORE » (Submit) Sections (Submit) Home (Submit) Search Skip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version The New York Times Fashion & Style|Artificial Intelligence as a Threat (Submit) Search (Submit) Subscribe Now (Submit) Log In (Submit) (Submit) 0 (Submit) Settings (BUTTON) Close search Site Search Navigation Search NYTimes.com ____________________ (BUTTON) Clear this text input (Submit) Go https://nyti.ms/1AiNSPn 1. Loading... See next articles See previous articles Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Advertisement Supported by Fashion & Style Artificial Intelligence as a Threat Disruptions By NICK BILTON NOV. 5, 2014 Continue reading the main story Share This Page Continue reading the main story (Submit) Photo Credit Jamec C. Best, Jr./The New York Times Ebola sounds like the stuff of nightmares. Bird flu and SARS also send shivers down my spine. But I’ll tell you what scares me most: artificial intelligence. The first three, with enough resources, humans can stop. The last, which humans are creating, could soon become unstoppable. Before we get into what could possibly go wrong, let me first explain what artificial intelligence is. Actually, skip that. I’ll let someone else explain it: Grab an iPhone and ask Siri about the weather or stocks. Or tell her “I’m drunk.” Her answers are artificially intelligent. Right now these artificially intelligent machines are pretty cute and innocent, but as they are given more power in society, these machines may not take long to spiral out of control. Advertisement Continue reading the main story In the beginning, the glitches will be small but eventful. Maybe a rogue computer momentarily derails the stock market, causing billions in damage. Or a driverless car freezes on the highway because a software update goes awry. Continue reading the main story Advertisement Continue reading the main story But the upheavals can escalate quickly and become scarier and even cataclysmic. Imagine how a medical robot, originally programmed to rid cancer, could conclude that the best way to obliterate cancer is to exterminate humans who are genetically prone to the disease. Nick Bostrom, author of the book “Superintelligence,” lays out a number of petrifying doomsday settings. One envisions self-replicating nanobots, which are microscopic robots designed to make copies of themselves. In a positive situation, these bots could fight diseases in the human body or eat radioactive material on the planet. But, Mr. Bostrom says, a “person of malicious intent in possession of this technology might cause the extinction of intelligent life on Earth.” Artificial-intelligence proponents argue that these things would never happen and that programmers are going to build safeguards. But let’s be realistic: It took nearly a half-century for programmers to stop computers from crashing every time you wanted to check your email. What makes them think they can manage armies of quasi-intelligent robots? I’m not alone in my fear. Silicon Valley’s resident futurist, Elon Musk, recently said artificial intelligence is “potentially more dangerous than nukes.” And Stephen Hawking, one of the smartest people on earth, wrote that successful A. I. “would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last.” There is a long list of computer experts and science fiction writers also fearful of a rogue robot-infested future. Two main problems with artificial intelligence lead people like Mr. Musk and Mr. Hawking to worry. The first, more near-future fear, is that we are starting to create machines that can make decisions like humans, but these machines don’t have morality and likely never will. Newsletter Sign Up Continue reading the main story Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. ____________________ (Submit) Sign Up [_] You agree to receive occasional updates and special offers for The New York Times's products and services. Thank you for subscribing. An error has occurred. Please try again later. You are already subscribed to this email. View all New York Times newsletters. * See Sample * Manage Email Preferences * Not you? * Privacy Policy * Opt out or contact us anytime The second, which is a longer way off, is that once we build systems that are as intelligent as humans, these intelligent machines will be able to build smarter machines, often referred to as superintelligence. That, experts say, is when things could really spiral out of control as the rate of growth and expansion of machines would increase exponentially. We can’t build safeguards into something that we haven’t built ourselves. “We humans steer the future not because we’re the strongest beings on the planet, or the fastest, but because we are the smartest,” said James Barrat, author of “Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era.” “So when there is something smarter than us on the planet, it will rule over us on the planet.” What makes it harder to comprehend is that we don’t actually know what superintelligent machines will look or act like. “Can a submarine swim? Yes, but it doesn’t swim like a fish,” Mr. Barrat said. “Does an airplane fly? Yes, but not like a bird. Artificial intelligence won’t be like us, but it will be the ultimate intellectual version of us.” Advertisement Continue reading the main story Perhaps the scariest setting is how these technologies will be used by the military. It’s not hard to imagine countries engaged in an arms race to build machines that can kill. Bonnie Docherty, a lecturer on law at Harvard University and a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch, said that the race to build autonomous weapons with artificial intelligence — which is already underway — is reminiscent of the early days of the race to build nuclear weapons, and that treaties should be put in place now before we get to a point where machines are killing people on the battlefield. “If this type of technology is not stopped now, it will lead to an arms race,” said Ms. Docherty, who has written several reports on the dangers of killer robots. “If one state develops it, then another state will develop it. And machines that lack morality and mortally should not be given power to kill.” So how do we ensure that all these doomsday situations don’t come to fruition? In some instances, we likely won’t be able to stop them. (Submit) But we can hinder some of the potential chaos by following the lead of Google. Earlier this year when the search-engine giant acquired DeepMind, a neuroscience-inspired, artificial intelligence company based in London, the two companies put together an artificial intelligence safety and ethics board that aims to ensure these technologies are developed safely. Demis Hassabis, founder and chief executive of DeepMind, said in a video interview that anyone building artificial intelligence, including governments and companies, should do the same thing. “They should definitely be thinking about the ethical consequences of what they do,” Dr. Hassabis said. “Way ahead of time.” A version of this article appears in print on November 6, 2014, on Page E2 of the New York edition with the headline: Artificial Intelligence as a Threat. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe Continue reading the main story We’re interested in your feedback on this page. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Technology, labor shortages, demographics and other factors could alter working conditions and jobs themselves in the future. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Subscribe Today Log In Subscribed, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. How artificial intelligence, robotics could transform jobs in 10 years Russ Wiles, The Republic | azcentral.com Published 7:00 a.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 | Updated 1:55 p.m. MT Sept. 4, 2017 IFRAME: 105162868 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. Tom Tingle/azcentral.com Robots Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, left, talks about Baxter the robot with Ph.D. student Simon Stepputtis, middle, and masters student Trevor Richardson at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017.(Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE You might not be in your dream job. Most likely, you don't make as much money as you would like. But let's face it: Today's employment market has improved substantially over the past several years. The nation already is nearly back to what economists call full employment, with a U.S. jobless rate easing to near 4 percent. But that favorable trend masks a lot of pain, dislocation and disruption for people in certain occupations, with more coming. Robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures are almost certain to alter the employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years, for better or worse. Here are some of the ways jobs and employment could change over the next five or 10 years: Your co-worker: A robot Robotics and automation already have made huge inroads, especially in manufacturing. Get ready for more changes ahead. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. The researchers examined more than 700 occupations, examining the tasks workers perform, the skills required and the engineering obstacles currently preventing computerization. Tasks less at risk are those requiring creative and social skills. Jobs in transportation, logistics and office administration are at high risk for replacement. Driverless vehicles, including big trucks, already are on the highways. While robots mainly have been utilized so far in manufacturing, millions of service jobs could be next, according to the Oxford report. Automation in service industries could be more significant, given that the service sector has a lot more jobs than manufacturing and agriculture. A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. By contrast, occupations with a low risk of displacement include recreational therapists, social workers, mechanic supervisors, health technicians and hearing-aid specialists. Technological advances are a double-edged sword. They will wipe out some jobs but create others. In retail, for example, automation has resulted in self-service cashier lanes. But the pending adoption of computerized reading glasses or goggles will give shoppers the ability to walk down grocery aisles and spot foods with certain traits such as those that are gluten-free or vegan, said John Challenger, CEO of outplacement-firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Other emerging products or apps will allow you to detect and identify desired products more easily with your smartphone. “Some of these new technologies will ultimately create jobs," he said. "Workers with experience using augmented or virtual reality will see the most opportunities, as will those who can help guide customers in this new experience or train fellow staff." A recent Ball State University study listed a number A recent Ball State University study listed a number of occupations at risk of being automated. Among them: telemarketers, insurance underwriters, tax-return preparers, watch repairers and people who type in data. (Photo: Tom Tingle/Special for The Republic) Robotics revolution Eventually, the adoption of robots and automation will become national trends. But so far, especially for robots, the impact has been concentrated. The Brookings Institution recently mapped the prevalence of industrial robots and noted a heavy cluster in Midwestern states and those in the Upper South where the auto industry is focused. More than half the nation’s 233,300 industrial robots are "burning welds, painting cars, assembling products, handling materials or packaging things in just 10 Midwestern and Southern states," the report said. Michigan alone has 12 percent of the nation's industrial robots, compared to 13 percent for all Western states combined. Ohio, Indiana and Tennessee also use robots extensively. The increased use of industrial robots will eliminate some jobs, including dangerous, repetitive and physically demanding ones, but it could create new ones. In addition to engineers who will be needed to design these machines and technicians to maintain and program them, others eventually will work side by side with robots, said Heni Ben Amor, an assistant engineering professor at Arizona State University. "In the past, there was a human/robot physical barrier because robots can be dangerous if you get hit by one," he said. "The new trend will bring the two worlds together." For example, he said humans could do work requiring physical dexterity, such as attaching small screws, while robots do heavy lifting or more repetitive tasks. Lingering unease Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, right, demonstrates a manufacturing robot with Ph.D. student Kevin Luck, left, and visiting molecular medicine scientist Tamara Blätte, at the Interactive Robotics Lab at ASU, Wednesday, August 30, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Ben Amor said he's excited about the potential for job gains with advances in robotics. "It's going to create way more jobs than the number lost," he predicted. Ben Amor considers driverless vehicles to fall under the banner of robotics, as both involve machines or systems perceiving changes in the environment and taking actions in response. He believes Arizona could have a bright future in the development of driverless cars and trucks, given that Uber, Alphabet, General Motors and Intel all have tested such vehicles on public roads around the Valley. The unusual concentration of tests here has attracted the attention of a lot of smart students and young entrepreneurs who want to work for those companies or start their own, he said. Still, the adoption of robots and artificial intelligence often causes public anxiety over job losses. This anxiety spills over into politics. "It is telling that the robot incidence in red states that voted for President Trump in November is more than twice that in the blue states that voted for Hillary Clinton," Brookings noted in its report. While Arizona has fewer robots and thus less robot-induced anxiety, the state lags in other respects affecting jobs, prosperity and employment. For example, Arizona has a higher proportion of low-wage jobs, 27.8 percent, than the 24.2 percent national average, according to a report by Prosperity Now. The average pay of $49,700 in Arizona runs about $3,200 below the U.S. average, and a slightly smaller percentage of local employers offer health insurance to their workers. Jobs remain, but education needed Arizona State University assistant professor of computer Arizona State University assistant professor of computer science and robotics Heni Ben Amor, talks about robots and how they are affecting employment in the United States. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) The pressures from robots, artificial intelligence and global outsourcing are serious, but the outlook isn't entirely bleak. The nation's economy is robust, resilient and innovative. New jobs will be created in new industries, as has regularly occurred in the past. A recent study by the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce estimates that there are still 30 million "good jobs" out there for workers who lack college degrees. Such jobs offer median or midpoint annual pay of $55,000 (and a minimum of $35,000). Many are found in health care, finance and information technology. Such positions have steadily replaced formerly good jobs in traditional blue-collar industries. For example, 25 years ago a machinist making $44,000 exemplified a good manufacturing job. Today, that description applies to a computer-support technician earning $60,000 a year. Other examples of good jobs cited in the report include financial managers, sales representatives and engineering technicians. Still, the study noted that the educational requirements for good jobs are rising. While college degrees aren't required, some higher education usually is. For workers with no more than a high school diploma, the number of good jobs has dropped by more than 1 million since 1991. By contrast, the number of good jobs for workers with an associate's degree has climbed by 3 million over that span. "To compete effectively, workers need some level of post-secondary education and training," the report said. "In addition, a variety of non-degree credentials are sometimes necessary to get those jobs, or to advance in them." Reviving trade jobs Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Assistant Professor at Arizona State University Heni Ben Amor discusses robotics, artificial intelligence and other pressures that are almost certain to alter employment prospects for millions of Americans in the coming years on Thursday, Aug. 31, 2017. (Photo: Tom Tingle/The Republic) Higher education is important, but many well-paying jobs don't require time spent in college classrooms. An estimated 10,000 or more unfilled jobs are in Arizona's construction trades — plumbers, electricians, dry-wall specialists, carpenters and others. The Brewer Companies, a large Phoenix plumbing company that includes Benjamin Franklin Plumbing on the retail side, is having such a hard time attracting workers that it has slowed its growth so that customer service and quality don't suffer. Brewer, which is looking for candidates to fill 35 open positions, could have grown at least 15 percent this year, said the company's CEO, Mike Brewer. Brewer offers paid apprenticeships for people wanting to become plumbers. Prior experience isn't needed, but applicants must be responsible and eager to work. "Will these people show up on time and work all day?" he asked. "It's not rocket science." Promising, doomed occupations Factors other than robotics, foreign competition and education affect jobs. So do industry strengths or weaknesses, customer demand and more. Kiplinger.com recently sorted through 785 occupations to glean what it considers the 10 best and worst, based on current average pay and future growth prospects. The 10 best are focused on technology and health care. In the tech field, promising positions include app developers and computer-systems analysts, while the health sector offers bright outlooks for nurse practitioners, physical therapists, health-services managers, physician assistants, dental hygienists and speech-language pathologists. Rounding out Kiplinger's top 10 are market-research analysts and financial advisers. The worst occupations are more varied but include many manufacturing positions such as textile-machine workers, photo processors, furniture finishers, metal/plastic machine operators and print binding/finishing workers. Robotics along with general technical obsolescence are dooming some of these jobs. Other positions with poor prospects, partly because they are highly competitive or offer low pay, include radio/TV announcers, legislators, floral designers, gaming cashiers and door-to-door salespeople, according to Kiplinger. STEM jobs — those in science, technology, engineering or math — enjoy especially good prospects. "The jobs of the future, no matter the industry or level, are no doubt going to involve at least a rudimentary knowledge of technology," said Challenger. People who enter a STEM profession will have a leg up on the competition, he added. Top STEM-focused jobs cited by his company for 2017 include computer-system analysts, statisticians, software developers, mathematicians and financial advisers. Median salaries in each of those fields already top $80,000, with unemployment rates below 2.5 percent. Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk Nearly half of American jobs, 47 percent, are at risk of being automated over the next two decades, according to a 2013 study by Oxford University's Department of Engineering. (Photo: Tom TIngle/The Republic) Part-time work: An expanding option? The assumption is that most people want full-time jobs with a range of benefits, but that's not necessarily so. In fact, more than one in six U.S. workers currently labor part-time, and many of these people do so from home. A part-time, remote job can be ideal for working parents, semi-retirees, individuals with health issues, military spouses and career changers, said Sara Sutton Fell, CEO of FlexJobs, a job-search website. Companies of all sizes and across a range of industries hire part-time, remote workers, she noted, citing nurses, accountants and digital-marketing strategists as examples. So too for tutors, writers and editors, computer coders, interpreters and customer-service representatives. With so many baby boomers in good health, part-time jobs remain an attractive option for young retirees — a way to remain socially engaged while generating extra income. In fact, 79 percent of workers polled recently by the Employee Benefit Research Institute said they plan to work for pay in retirement. However, just 29 percent of retirees, in the same poll, said they actually work or have worked for pay. This survey has consistently found a wide gap between the expectations of current workers to stay employed and the proportion of retirees who are. But with looming job shortages in some occupations and increasing employer flexibility, part-time work for retirees might be more feasible in coming years. Reach the reporter at russ.wiles@arizonarepublic.com or 602-444-8616. READ MORE: Arizona doesn't have enough construction workers; contractors paying higher wages Will helping inmates hone skills, find jobs keep them out of prison? Conair warehouse in Glendale creates 350 jobs, huge corporate campus Low savings, poor jobs imperil Arizonans' prosperity, study says Summer jobs for teens are vanishing CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: http://azc.cc/2gyli6m Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! 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A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 1 Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Musk vs. Zuck showdown over artificial intelligence Talking Tech Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 7:29 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 | Updated 11:30 a.m. MT July 25, 2017 facebook share twitter share email share email share IFRAME: 103987064 CLOSE [icon_close.png] Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg have very differing opinions of artificial intelligence, and their battle is heating up. Time This might be the closest thing we have to a tech beef. Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has been vocal about his concerns over the rise in artificial intelligence. Musk worries AI could be used in a way that threatens humanity. Recently, he implored governments to start enacting laws to regulate how AI is built and used. On Saturday, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg hosted a live chat from his backyard (while grilling, of course). A viewer asked him about Musk's concerns and how he felt about AI. Zuckerberg said he's "really optimistic" for AI, and questions those naysayers "who drum up doomsday scenarios" about the technology. "It’s really negative," said Zuckerberg. "And in some ways, I think it’s really irresponsible." He notes while AI -- like any technology -- could be used for evil purposes, he sees the possibilities AI brings, including safer cars and tech that can better diagnose disease. "I’m just much more optimistic in general on this," he said. On Tuesday, Musk responded on Twitter after a user shared a story recapping Zuckerberg's comments. "I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited," wrote Musk. I've talked to Mark about this. His understanding of the subject is limited. — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 25, 2017 In 2015, Musk and other big names in tech helped launch Open AI, a non-profit aimed at "discovering and enacting the path to safe, artificial general intelligence." A year later, tech giants including Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft formed a Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society to explore best practices for AI. Tesla was among the companies absent. Zuckerberg has been bullish about AI, even building his own smart home system inspired by Iron Man's Jarvis. Musk embraces AI, too, notably through Tesla and its autopilot self-driving system. But Musk has regularly expressed fears AI could grow out of control without proper safeguards. "The biggest risk isn’t that AI will develop a will of its own, but rather that it will follow the will of people that establish its utility function or its optimization function, and that ... if it is not well thought out – even if its intent is benign – it could have quite a bad outcome," Musk said in a documentary from German filmmaker Werner Herzog. 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Log in Subscribe today for full access on your desktop, tablet, and mobile device. Subscribe Now Already a print edition subscriber, but don't have a login? Register your digital access. Manage your account settings. My Account Find subscriber exclusive deals, events, manage your account and more. Insider View the E-Newspaper Manage your Newsletters View your Insider deals and more Member ID Card Chat Support Chat Support Support Support Log Out Get the news Share This Story! Let friends in your social network know what you are reading about FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedInPinterest For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Loading… Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs For travelers, chatbots and AI can't quite take you there Christopher Elliott, Special for USA TODAY Published 3:00 p.m. MT Aug. 27, 2017 FacebookTwitterGoogle+LinkedIn Tips and tricks all travelers should know Fullscreen [facebook-loading.gif] Post to Facebook Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with a thorough search. Check an online travel agency like Expedia or Booking.com or call your travel agent. Check the rate against the price your preferred hotel would charge if you book direct. 2. Review the restrictions. Hotels can impose restrictions for booking through their site, like making their rooms non-refundable, so read the conditions closely before deciding where to go. You might be better off working with a big agency that has negotiated better terms. 3. Check the incentives. Ask yourself if you really need the points or the upgrade. Red Roof Fullscreen Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating out. If you order takeout, no tip is expected because no table service is provided. 2. Visit a business with a no-tipping policy. But beware: Instead, some "no tipping" restaurants add a mandatory "service charge" of 18% to 20%. 3. Avoid the outstretched hands. (You can.) You can stay in vacation rentals, rent a car or use mass transit, buy your food in a grocery store and take the self-guided tour and avoid having to leave a tip. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 1. Carry a vacation rental emergency kit. If you're staying at a rental, be prepared. Consider an emergency kit with towels, toilet paper, soap and detergent. 2. Consider renting through a service. Companies such as Vacasa, Wyndham Vacation Rentals and TurnKey Vacation Rentals go beyond bare-bones listings. 3. Just ask. Vacation rental owners can be very accommodating. Getty Images Fullscreen How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click the unsubscribe button. Every legitimate email campaign must have one. The sooner you click it, the louder your message to the hotel, tour operator or cruise line that these high-pressure tactics won't be tolerated. 2. Say "no" — and say why. Most travel companies will offer a "feedback" option when you opt out of an email campaign. Tell them why you're unsubscribing, especially if the annoyance affects whether you'd do business with them again. 3. Tell the feds. Complain to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) if a business is emailing you without consent. Under the CAN-SPAM Act, you have the right to end the seemingly relentless emails. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent to a supervisor. Ask for a Supervisory Transportation Security Officer (STSO) immediately. 2. Complain in writing. You can send an email directly to the TSA (tsa.gov/contact-center/form/complaints). 3. Contact your elected representative. You can contact your representative online at house.gov/representatives/find. Congress has tried to hold the agency accountable for its actions in the past, and its vigilance is bipartisan. Scott Olson, Getty Images Fullscreen Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been denied: 1. Your state insurance commissioner. To find your insurance commissioner, visit the National Association of Insurance Commissioners site: naic.org/index_members.htm. Some travelers have reported that their claims were honored after copying their state insurance commissioner on their appeal. 2. The Better Business Bureau (BBB). The BBB investigates claims of this nature, but it has little sway over the final outcome of your appeal. 3. A consumer advocate. Even though travel insurance companies operate "by the book," they can be prodded into changing their minds by an outside party. Check out the National Association of Consumer Advocates site for a referral: consumeradvocates.org. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you shouldn't go. Generally, you should avoid flying if you're sick, recovering from a serious illness or have a condition that is easily exacerbated by the stress of flying. 2. Don't fly if you're contagious.Airlines will issue a credit and may waive the change fee if you can prove you were sick at the time you were supposed to fly. 3. Avoid flights that could divert. Some flights are likelier to experience a medical emergency than others, particularly those to destinations that tend to attract retirees or passengers in poor health. Flights to Las Vegas, Miami and Fort Lauderdale may fall into that category. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. It doesn't just save space, it can prevent wrinkles. 2. Spray 'em out. Wrinkle-release sprays can fix travel-related wrinkles in a pinch. 3. Don't overpack — or underpack. “Wrinkling is caused when the bag is underpacked or overstuffed, so add or remove items until you have the perfect amount of items to keep the items in place while traveling," advises author Tori Toth. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 1. Cite the rules, chapter and verse. If you have a strong case for compensation or a refund, it'll be in the contract. 2. Lawyer up — without lawyering up. Without threatening to go to court, let the company know that it may be violating the law (if, indeed, it is). 3. Appeal to a company's customer service culture. Travel companies frequently promote warranties, customer promises or mission statements that claim to put you first. A quick reference to these documents can be enough to persuade an airline, car rental company, hotel or cruise line to do the right thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing medical conditions. Though some policies offer a waiver for medical conditions, you have to make sure you meet all of its conditions. 2. Changing your mind. Don't want to take the vacation? Most insurance won't cover you, but you can always go for a more expensive "cancel for any reason" policy, which would. 3. Psychological or nervous disorders. If you can't board a flight because you're afraid of flying, you generally can't file a successful claim. 4. Partying too hard. If you had a little too much to drink the night before your return flight and missed it, don't bother filing a claim. scyther5, Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration dates. Both visas and passports have an expiration date. Be aware of them, and make sure you don't overstay. 2. Take the right photo. Countries are specific about their requirements (no sunglasses, no hats, specific formatting). 3. Remember, a visa isn't a guarantee of admission. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal recommendation remains the best way to find a competent travel professional. 2. Use an agent finder. The American Society of Travel Agents publishes a directory of its agents at Travelsense.org. Also, check a consortium such as Virtuoso or Travel Leaders. 3. Look for the title. The Certified Travel Associate (CTA) and Certified Travel Counselor (CTC) designations issued by The Travel Institute are signs that your agent has taken the time to study up on the industry. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine print. Many surprises aren't surprises at all — they're just "gotchas" concealed in the fine print. Look for the "terms and conditions" in small type. Don't ignore them. 2. Ask before you rent. Does your car insurance cover the vehicle? How about your credit card? The only way to know for certain is to ask. If you assume, you may be stuck with an unnecessary bill. 3. Resolve in real time. Don't wait until you get home to fix a bad surprise. Most problems can be resolved at the counter. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's record. Fake reviews are often posted by accounts with little or no additional review history. 2. Show and tell. Talk is cheap, but photos of a resort or restaurant are harder to fake. You might think twice before trusting a detailed review without photos. 3. Look for extremes. If you see a one-star or a five-star rating or a lot of superlatives in the description, chances are you're looking at a fake. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, but don't over explain. 2. Avoid a confrontation. Restaurants and other establishments generally push you to offer a tip privately. Just leave the tip field on your credit card slip blank or decline to leave extra cash. 3. Use the system to your advantage. For example, can the employee see the tip amount you're authorizing on Square? Not always. If you don't believe you should be tipping, just click the "no tip" field and sign the screen. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out of downtown areas. Restricted zones are largely confined to heavily congested city centers. 2. Do the math. Pay particular attention to the difference between kilometers and miles, and slow down unless you want a speeding ticket! 3. Read the signs. Look for red circles with the words "Zona Traffico Limitato" in them when you're in Italy. In Germany, it's called an "Umweltzone." In Britain, the signs read, "Congestion Charging" and "Central Zone." Getty Images Fullscreen How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some cruise lines offer single cabins. And some tour operators charge modest single supplements. 2. Non-refundable tickets: Southwest Airlines has some of the most passenger-friendly fares and fees, when it comes to changes. 3. Fuel surcharges: Fortunately, these fees must be included in the price of your ticket. But if you see an airline with high fuel surcharges in time of lower oil prices, you may want to seek one that doesn't. 4. Resort fees: Don't stay at a hotel with resort fees. It's the only way to send a message that you don't tolerate these misrepresentations. Steve Mason, Getty Images Fullscreen How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. Don't play fast and loose with your ID. Your passport and ID are some of the most important travel documents. Don't leave them in your hotel room. And when you carry them on your person, keep them close to you, preferably in a money belt or travel wallet. 2. Keep 'em separated. Don't store critical documents in the same place. You may need one in order to replace the other. 3. Upload copies of critical documents online. A copy of a document by itself will not allow you to travel, but it can make the process to replace a passport a whole lot easier. Michael Reynolds, EPA Fullscreen How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage cubes allow you to compress lots of clothes into a compact space. 2. Vacuum pack it. You'd be surprised how much air is between the clothes in your carry-on. A vacuum packing technology can create even more space, although your clothes may be a little wrinkly. 3. Roll it. Instead of folding your clothes and pushing them into the bag, fold and then roll. Even without a cube or vacuum pack, you'll fit more in your luggage. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting and late flights. Generally, the more connections you make, and the later in the day your flight leaves, the greater the chances something will go wrong. 2. Know your rights. By far the best resource for airline consumer rights, at least when it comes to federal regulations, is the DOT's Fly Rights brochure, which is available online. Also, check your airline's contract of carriage. 3. Be grateful. Take a deep breath and appreciate the big picture. If your flight lands safely, that's the most important thing. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. Stay at a hotel with top-notch reviews or customer service scores. 2. Check in and check out. If a hotel doesn't meet your standards, don't let an employee talk you into staying, even if you've prepaid for your stay. Leave and ask for a refund. If you don't get it, dispute the charges on your credit card. 3. Report the hotel. If you check into a property that's unlivable, your next call needs to be to the health department to report the condition of the hotel. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with names you trust. Airbnb, VRBO and FlipKey have legitimate rentals and higher standards. 2. Assume nothing. Every vacation rental comes with linens, right? Wrong. 3. Never wire money. Wiring money can lead to the most unpleasant surprise of all: a rental that doesn't even exist. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're booking online, avoid pop-up blockers, unconventional browsers or anything that might interfere with the normal display process. Why? Clever operatives can hide their disclosures in places that can't be seen if you're browsing in an unconventional way. 2. Use a big screen. Making reservations on a tiny phone screen is just asking for trouble. 3. Review the grand total. Almost always, you'll find every required extra, including taxes and fees, as part of the "final" charge. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. Tolls: Car rental companies add extra fees for using their transponders, sometimes charging by the day. Either bring your own toll transponder or avoid tolls with a reliable mapping app. 2. High insurance rates: Car rental insurance can be found in unexpected places, including your own credit card, travel insurance policy or as a standalone product from your online travel agency. 3. Tickets: Download an app like Speed Cameras & Traffic by Sygic, which lets you see the speed limit for the road you are traveling on, or CamSam Plus, which alerts you to speed cameras. Many GPS navigation systems also come equipped with traffic enforcement warnings. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. Stay with a hotel that offers hypoallergenic rooms, which are not scented. Most of the major chains now offer no-smell quarters. 2. If you smell something, say something. Some hotels pump smells into every part of the property. If you're sensitive to scents, don't wait until you're halfway through your visit to complain. 3. Fumigate your own room. If all else fails, open a window, or find the source of the smell and stop it. emera Technologies/Getty Images Fullscreen What to do at the airport for free while you wait: What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 1. See the art. Phoenix Sky Harbor, for example, has an impressive collection of art. 2. Watch the planes. One of the best places to plane-spot is Honolulu International Airport. Terminals there are connected by long, open-air walkways, where you can see the aircraft up close, smell the aircraft fuel and hear the deafening roar of aircraft engines revving up. 3. Take a hike. Stretch your legs before you take off by walking through the airport terminal. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will assign a desirable aisle seat to passengers who need the extra room or access to the lavatory. You can also ask a fellow passenger to switch with you after boarding. 2. Pull the card. If you have a loyalty card, you may be entitled to a better seat, even if you're sitting in economy class. 3. Pay for one. Airlines will love this suggestion because they'll make more money from you. But if avoiding a window or aisle is important, you may want to spend a few extra dollars. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to keep your personal information private while How to keep your personal information private while traveling: 1. Use a virtual private network. A VPN creates a secure encrypted tunnel between your device and a server somewhere on the Internet. That makes it nearly impossible for someone on the same network to eavesdrop on your network traffic. 2. Tell your phone to say "no." Disable location services, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi when possible. 3. Use caution in rental cars. Either manually enter the address into the car’s navigation system or use your own device, but don't connect to the infotainment system. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's less noise. The front of the aircraft is less noisy and tends to have a quieter kind of passenger (read: business travelers). On a train, look for the quiet cars. 2. Block it. Noise canceling headsets can filter out unwanted noise. But if you're serious about avoiding noise pollution, always travel with a pair of earplugs. 3. Timing is everything. Don't expect to get much quiet if you're in New Orleans around Mardi Gras or in one of the popular spring break destinations in March. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign up for a company's frequent-renter program, which allows you to state your preferences before you arrive. That could make you less vulnerable to upgrade, downgrade and option games. 2. Automated check-in kiosks limit the amount of interaction with a salesperson. But pay close attention to what you're agreeing to on the screen. 3. Carry a copy of your car insurance or evidence of insurance through your travel insurance policy or credit card. If you don't, a representative could pressure you — or even deny you the keys to a car. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol and drugs are a major factor of in-flight incidents. So book an early morning flight to avoid heavily intoxicated passengers. 2. Avoid tight quarters. Use a site such as Routehappy that finds flights based on amenities and comfort. 3. And choose the right seat. A bulkhead row, exit row or seat near the galley might be less likely to be the scene of a midair disturbance. Getty Images/iStockphoto Fullscreen Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay * How to book a hotel the smart way: 1. Start with 1 of 31 * Tips on avoiding tips: 1. Take out instead of eating 2 of 31 * How to avoid missing amenities in your vacation rental: 3 of 31 * How to opt out of aggressive email campaigns: 1. Click 4 of 31 * How to handle a rude TSA agent: 1. Report the agent 5 of 31 * Who to call if your travel insurance claim has been 6 of 31 * How to avoid an in-flight emergency: 1. Know when you 7 of 31 * How to avoid wrinkled clothes: 1. Roll, don't fold. 8 of 31 * How to keep your travel complaint from being ignored: 9 of 31 * What standard travel insurance doesn't cover: 1. Pre-existing 10 of 31 * How to avoid visa problems: 1. Mind your expiration 11 of 31 * How to find the best agent: 1. Ask a friend. A personal 12 of 31 * How to avoid a car rental surprise: 1. Read the fine 13 of 31 * How to spot a fake review: 1. Check the reviewer's 14 of 31 * How to say no to a tip request: 1. Be polite and firm, 15 of 31 * How to avoid a traffic ticket overseas: 1. Stay out 16 of 31 * How to avoid unfair fees: 1. Single supplement: Some 17 of 31 * How to prevent your identity from being stolen: 1. 18 of 31 * How to fit more in your suitcase: 1. Cube it. Luggage 19 of 31 * How to avoid a flight from hell: 1. Avoid connecting 20 of 31 * How to avoid a dirty hotel: 1. Set high standards. 21 of 31 * How to avoid a vacation rental surprise: 1. Rent with 22 of 31 * How to spot hidden fees: 1. Don't get cute. If you're 23 of 31 * How to avoid fees on your rental car: 1. How to avoid 24 of 31 * How to avoid smells at hotels: 1. Go hypoallergenic. 25 of 31 * What to do at the airport for free while you wait: 26 of 31 * How to get an aisle seat: 1. Ask for it. Airlines will 27 of 31 * How to keep your personal information private while 28 of 31 * How to find quiet when you travel: 1. Book where there's 29 of 31 * How to fight questionable car rental tactics: 1. Sign 30 of 31 * How to avoid air rage: 1. Fly early. Experts say alcohol 31 of 31 Autoplay Show Thumbnails Show Captions Last SlideNext Slide XXX IMG_IMG_3252.PNG_1_1_T5HUR530.JPG Chatbots now work well for ordering a pizza, but managing a complex travel itinerary is a different story.(Photo: Facebook) CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Ask any technology expert about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in travel and they'll breathlessly tell you we're on the verge of a revolution. They'll describe a world in the not-too-distant future where smart applications can find and book a bargain airfare, manage your trip and troubleshoot any problems that might come up with greater speed and efficiency than any human travel agent. But ask any traveler to describe their experience with AI, and you might hear a different story: One of struggling to be understood by technology that claims to be smart. These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale. Technology may be good and getting better, but nothing replaces a person. That's unlikely to change for a while, and maybe ever. Take my recent experience with Hipmunk, widely praised as the cleverest of the customer-facing AIs. I asked it repeatedly to recommend a cold-weather getaway. Instead, it suggested I book a getaway to Nassau, Bahamas. When asked for an island with lower temperatures, Hipmunk cheerfully changed my itinerary -- to a weekend in balmy Port Au Prince, Haiti. "I don't think that AI in travel is even remotely usable yet," says Brian Harniman, who founded Brand New Matter, a strategic advisory and venture capital firm that specializes in travel. "It's what people are talking about building in order to sound like they have cutting edge tech." Hipmunk shouldn't feel bad. In the recent past, social media chatbots have created their own incomprehensible language, spouted expletives and in one memorable case, two Chinese AIs churned out anti-revolutionary statements and had to be taken offline. Several travel chatbots I tested didn't even respond to my repeated text queries. Not knowing the difference between the Bahamas and Iceland is, by comparison, a relatively innocent mistake. "Every experience I've had has been a total waste of time," says Bruce Sweigert, who works for a travel technology company. "I would love to hear at least one positive anecdote about using artificial intelligence in travel." I asked travelers to tell me about their great AI experiences, but heard only crickets. Perhaps the they were too busy enjoying their AI-booked vacations. People in the industry, on the other hand, were downright chatty. They explained that my expectations of the technology, which is still in an early stage, are too high. AI is reasonably good at simple tasks, for now they say. "It can replace some of the simpler tasks," explains Kayne McGladrey, a computer security consultant in Bellingham, Wash. AI can help plan trips, recommend the least agonizing flight itineraries and handle some of the easier tasks handled by a hotel concierge, like recommending restaurants. There's a reason why this technology works so well: it's not that new. Applications like "Ask Julie," the Amtrak automated virtual travel assistant, are five years old. Julie can field basic questions about train schedules, but don't get too cute with her. For example, if you ask about how comfortable the trains are, she's likely to respond with, "I'm not sure how to answer that. I understand simple questions best. Can you try asking that in a different way?" Some of the latest applications can go further. For example, Avianca’s new AI, Carla, can confirm itineraries and flight status. For domestic flights in Colombia, passengers can even check-in through Carla using a mobile device. And Booking.com's new booking assistant allows you to get support for your upcoming hotel reservations, including fast responses to your most common stay-related requests, like "What's my check-in time?" But other chatbots are frustratingly one-dimensional. Ana, Copa Airlines' new web-based chatbot, seems more like a frequently-asked-questions section than an intelligent agent. It "suggests" questions from a pre-written list of queries. Even insiders admit that the most advanced system is easily foiled. "My Irish accent gets stronger the more frustrated I get," says Conor Brady, chief creative officer of Critical Mass, an experience design agency in New York. "And obviously travel can get stressful. So voice assistants stop understanding me, as I'm yelling into my phone to translate a street name in Hong Kong, or point me in the direction of a decent cup of coffee in Lisbon." Maybe you can have the best of both worlds. That's the idea behind new apps like Pana (pana.com/) and Lola (lola.com), which combine the best of AI with human agents. For now, letting the technology do the dirty work and allowing human agents to handle the complex stuff seems like the most reasonable course. The technologists are right: artificial intelligence will change the way you travel. But maybe not in the way they think -- or the way you think. Where to find good AI in travel Hopper (hopper.com): Serves personalized suggestions about trips you may be interested in, but haven't explicitly searched or watched, based on your activity in the app -- just like Netflix recommends movies you might like. Skyscanner (messenger.com/t/skyscanner): A social media chatbot that helps you quickly find a cheap airfare on Facebook Messenger. I found a bargain fare from Seattle to Hong Kong. But you have to be specific, giving it an exact city. It found the least expensive dates to fly. Carla, The CWT Personal Travel Assistant (cwtcarla.com/CarlaWeChat/): Still in development when I tested it, this AI chatbot for business travel has a lot of potential. It can make smarter recommendations on flight connections and lodgings, plus it memorizes your company's travel policy and your travel preferences. Christopher Elliott is a consumer advocate. Contact him at chris@elliott.org or visit elliott.org. CONNECTTWEETLINKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE Read or Share this story: https://usat.ly/2xEGAG2 Share your feedback to help improve our site experience! From The USA TODAY NETWORK These sites are part of the USA TODAY NETWORK. 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IBM, Associated Press file The IBM computer system known as Watson, at IBM’s research center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., will work in mining epic amounts of weather data to come up with actionable insights about the weather. By The Associated Press September 10, 2017 at 12:03 am [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Body found near South Platte River identified as missing 29-year-old Adam Gilbertson 2. Broncos WR Carlos Henderson arrested in Louisiana for marijuana possession 3. Arvada police pursue, kill suspect near Interstate 70 4. The Warriors-Cavaliers rivalry is now so lopsided, it’s hardly a rivalry at all 5. Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor 6. Denver police investigating homicide on South Federal Boulevard BOSTON— IBM is planning to spend $240 million over the next decade to create an artificial intelligence research lab at MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Thursday announced the formation of the new MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab. It will support joint research by IBM and MIT scientists. Related Articles * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 2, 2018 Amazon will buy Target this year, analyst predicts * December 23, 2017 Apple said to develop EKG heart monitor for future watch * December 22, 2017 What can be done to prevent deadly car rammings? * December 16, 2017 Denver among the 10 U.S. metro areas with largest income gains since the recession Its mission will include advancing the hardware, software and algorithms used for artificial intelligence. It also will tackle some of the economic and ethical implications of intelligent machines and look at its commercial application for industries ranging from health care to cybersecurity. MIT President L. Rafael Reif says the new AI lab builds on a decadeslong research relationship between IBM and MIT. It will be based at the university and IBM’s nearby research center in Cambridge, Mass. * Tags: * artificial intelligence * IBM * More Business News More in Business * The original Denver Branch building, located ... A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank January 15, 2018, 6:14 am A century before Amazon created a national frenzy to host its second headquarters, U.S. cities battled to claim one of a dozen regional banks that would make up the newly formed Federal Reserve system. Denver lost that bidding war to Kansas City, but claimed a branch that will celebrate 100 years on Jan. 14. * A donation is made into a ... 6 ways the world of giving could change in 2018 January 15, 2018, 5:30 am From pessimism about new federal tax laws to politically-motivated “rage philanthropy,” 2018 promises to be transformational. * Second Home Kitchen + Bar inside Cherry Creek's JW Marriott has closed. Second Home Kitchen + Bar in Cherry Creek closes to make room for Social Fare January 15, 2018, 11:28 am Second Home Kitchen + Bar inside Cherry Creek’s JW Marriott has closed. * That audible sigh of relief from up high, evoked by long-awaited snowfall last week, was loudest in this end-of-the-road ski town. A year ago, Crested Butte was buried. Snow is finally piling up in Crested Butte, but it’s nothing like the “Snowmageddon” of 2017 January 15, 2018, 9:26 am That audible sigh of relief from up high, evoked by long-awaited snowfall last week, was loudest in this end-of-the-road ski town. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * Explosive suburban growth * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology China artificial intelligence bid seeks $59 billion industry Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * By The Washington Post July 23, 2017 at 10:39 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Body found near South Platte River identified as missing 29-year-old Adam Gilbertson 2. Broncos WR Carlos Henderson arrested in Louisiana for marijuana possession 3. Arvada police pursue, kill suspect near Interstate 70 4. The Warriors-Cavaliers rivalry is now so lopsided, it’s hardly a rivalry at all 5. Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor 6. Denver police investigating homicide on South Federal Boulevard China aims to make the artificial intelligence industry a “new, important” driver of economic expansion by 2020, according to a development plan issued by the State Council. Policymakers want to be global leaders, with the AI industry generating more than 400 billion yuan ($59 billion) of output per year by 2025, according to an announcement from the Cabinet late Thursday. Key development areas include AI software and hardware, intelligent robotics and vehicles, virtual reality and augmented reality, it said. “Artificial intelligence has become the new focus of international competition,” the report said. “We must take the initiative to firmly grasp the next stage of AI development to create a new competitive advantage, open the development of new industries and improve the protection of national security.” The plan highlights China’s ambition to become a world power backed by its technology business giants, research centers and military, which are investing heavily in AI. Globally, the technology will contribute as much as $15.7 trillion to output by 2030, according to a PwC report last month. That’s more than the current combined output of China and India. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-2.html “The positive economic ripples could be pretty substantial,” said Kevin Lau, a senior economist at Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. “The simple fact that China is embracing AI and having explicit targets for its development over the next decade is certainly positive for the continued upgrading of the manufacturing sector and overall economic transformation.” Chinese AI-related stocks advanced Friday. CSG Smart Science & Technology Co. climbed as much as 9.3 percent in Shenzhen before closing 3.1 percent higher, while intelligent management software developer Mesnac Co. surged 9.8 percent after hitting the 10 percent daily limit in earlier trading. AI will have a significant influence on society and the international community, according to an opinion piece by East China University of Political Science and Law professor Gao Qiqi published Wednesday in the People’s Daily, the flagship newspaper of the Communist Party. PwC found that the world’s second-biggest economy stands to gain more than any other from AI because of the high proportion of output derived from manufacturing. Related Articles * January 15, 2018 Auto-play ads coming to an end with Google Chrome update expected in January * January 14, 2018 A century before Amazon H2Q, Denver and other cities battled for coveted Federal Reserve regional bank * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Fund manager Q&A: What to expect from muni bonds in 2018 Another report from Accenture and Frontier Economics last month estimated that AI could increase China’s annual growth rate by 1.6 percentage point to 7.9 percent by 2035 in terms of gross value added, a close proxy for GDP, adding more than $7 trillion. The State Council directive also called for China’s businesses, universities and armed forces to work more closely in developing the technology. “We will further implement the strategy of integrating military and civilian developments,” it said. “Scientific research institutes, universities, enterprises and military units should communicate and coordinate.” More AI professionals and scientists should be trained, the State Council said. It also called for promoting interdisciplinary research to connect AI with other subjects such as cognitive science, psychology, mathematics and economics. IFRAME: https://extras.denverpost.com/app/in-article-promo/tech-3.html * Tags: * artificial intelligence * China * More Business News * robotics * virtual reality More in Technology * It's part of Google's push to support the Coalition for Better Ads (mentioned in an earlier Tech+), an industry group that realized digital ads were being ignored because too many people have ad-blockers. Auto-play ads coming to an end with Google Chrome update expected in January January 15, 2018, 5:00 am It’s part of Google’s push to support the Coalition for Better Ads (mentioned in an earlier Tech+), an industry group that realized digital ads were being ignored because too many people have ad-blockers. * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * Member Services * News Alerts * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * RSS * Subscribe + Become a Member / Subscribe + Place a Hold + Denver Post Store + Digital Replica Edition * Classifieds + Autos + Real Estate + Jobs + Today’s Ads + Weekly Ads + Daily Ads + Special Sections * Contact Us + Submit a News Tip + Member Services + Advertise With Us + Careers + Place an Obituary * Today’s Front Page + Back Issues + Archives + Mobile Apps * Copyright © 2017 Digital First Media * Privacy Policy * Terms of Use * Site Map * Ethics Policy * Powered by WordPress.com VIP * Arbitration Send to Email Address ____________________ Your Name ____________________ Your Email Address ____________________ _________________________ loading Send Email Cancel Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Email check failed, please try again Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. #The Denver Post » Feed The Denver Post » Comments Feed The Denver Post » How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Comments Feed alternate alternate IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TLFP4R * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video GET BREAKING NEWS IN YOUR BROWSER. 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X * eEdition * Subscribe/Members * Newsletters * Obituaries ____________________ submit The Denver Post ____________________ submit * News + News + Latest News + Colorado News + Nation / World + Obituaries + Marijuana + Education + Environment + Crime & Courts + Colorado and Denver Weather forecasts + Your Hub * Sports + Sports + Denver Broncos + Colorado Rockies + Denver Nuggets + Colorado Avalanche + Colorado Rapids + College Sports + Outdoors + Olympics + Sports Columnists + Preps + Preps Scoreboard + Golf + Boxing / MMA + Scores and Standings + Sports on TV/Radio * Business + Business + Aerospace + Airlines + Economy + Energy + Real Estate + Retail + Technology + Telecom + Tourism * Entertainment + Entertainment + Arcade + Games + Arts + Books + Calendar + Comics + Movies + Music + Theater + Television + Television Listings + Travel * Lifestyle + Lifestyle + Ask Amy + Fashion + Food & Drink + Restaurants & Dining + Fitness + Home & Garden + Horoscopes + Summer Camp Guide * Opinion + Opinion + Editorials + Columnists + Letters + Perspective + Cartoons * Politics + Politics + Election + Colorado Legislature + Denver Politics + Local Politics + National Politics * Cannabist * Classifieds + Classifieds + Cars + Homes + Jobs + Freelance Jobs * Video How artificial intelligence is taking on… Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * Trending: * Explosive suburban growth * VA hospital: Incomplete, understaffed * Denver Zoo: Baby sloth coming * Free zoo and museum days * Colorado camping spots Business Technology How artificial intelligence is taking on ransomware Share this: * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) * Click to print (Opens in new window) * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) * More * * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window) * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) * * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window) * Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window) * * File photo, employees watch electronic ... Yun Dong-jin, Yonhap via AP, File In this Monday, May 15, 2017, file photo, employees watch electronic boards to monitor possible ransomware cyberattacks at the Korea Internet and Security Agency in Seoul, South Korea. Unable to rely on good human behavior, computer security experts are developing software techniques to fight ransomware. But getting these protections in the hands of users is challenging. By The Associated Press June 28, 2017 at 11:44 pm [twp_denver_2018_aw.jpg] Sign up for newsletters and alerts Submit your news tips or photos Most Popular 1. Body found near South Platte River identified as missing 29-year-old Adam Gilbertson 2. Broncos WR Carlos Henderson arrested in Louisiana for marijuana possession 3. Arvada police pursue, kill suspect near Interstate 70 4. The Warriors-Cavaliers rivalry is now so lopsided, it’s hardly a rivalry at all 5. Suburbs north of Denver have “come of age” with explosive growth along I-25 corridor 6. Denver police investigating homicide on South Federal Boulevard By Anick Jesdanun, The Associated Press NEW YORK — Twice in the space of six weeks, the world has suffered major attacks of ransomware — malicious software that locks up photos and other files stored on your computer, then demands money to release them. It’s clear that the world needs better defenses, and fortunately those are starting to emerge, if slowly and in patchwork fashion. When they arrive, we may have artificial intelligence to thank. Ransomware isn’t necessary trickier or more dangerous than other malware that sneaks onto your computer, but it can be much more aggravating, and at times devastating. Most such infections don’t get in your face about taking your digital stuff away from you the way ransomware does, nor do they shake you down for hundreds of dollars or more. Despite those risks, many people just aren’t good at keeping up with security software updates. Both recent ransomware attacks walloped those who failed to install a Windows update released a few months earlier. Watchdog security software has its problems, too. With this week’s ransomware attack , only two of about 60 security services tested caught it at first, according to security researchers. “A lot of normal applications, especially on Windows, behave like malware, and it’s hard to tell them apart,” said Ryan Kalember, an expert at the California security vendor Proofpoint. Related Articles * January 15, 2018 Auto-play ads coming to an end with Google Chrome update expected in January * January 13, 2018 Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs * January 13, 2018 Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase * January 13, 2018 Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests * January 13, 2018 Retail workers feel disruption from shifting shopper habits HOW TO FIND MALWARE In the early days, identifying malicious programs such as viruses involved matching their code against a database of known malware. But this technique was only as good as the database; new malware variants could easily slip through. So security companies started characterizing malware by its behavior. In the case of ransomware, software could look for repeated attempts to lock files by encrypting them. But that can flag ordinary computer behavior such as file compression. Newer techniques involve looking for combinations of behaviors. For instance, a program that starts encrypting files without showing a progress bar on the screen could be flagged for surreptitious activity, said Fabian Wosar, chief technology officer at the New Zealand security company Emsisoft. But that also risks identifying harmful software too late, after some files have already been locked up. An even better approach identifies malware using observable characteristics usually associated with malicious intent — for instance, by quarantining a program disguised with a PDF icon to hide its true nature. This sort of malware profiling wouldn’t rely on exact code matches, so it couldn’t be easily evaded. And such checks could be made well before potentially dangerous programs start running. MACHINE VS. MACHINE Still, two or three characteristics might not properly distinguish malware from legitimate software. But how about dozens? Or hundreds? Or even thousands? For that, security researchers turn to machine learning, a form of artificial intelligence. The security system analyzes samples of good and bad software and figures out what combination of factors is likely to be present in malware. As it encounters new software, the system calculates the probability that it’s malware, and rejects those that score above a certain threshold. When something gets through, it’s a matter of tweaking the calculations or adjusting the threshold. Now and then, researchers see a new behavior to teach the machine. AN ARMS RACE On the flip side, malware writers can obtain these security tools and tweak their code to see if they can evade detection. Some websites already offer to test software against leading security systems. Eventually, malware authors may start creating their own machine-learning models to defeat security-focused artificial intelligence. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder and chief technology officer at the California vendor CrowdStrike, said that even if a particular system offers 99 percent protection, “it’s just a math problem of how many times you have to deviate your attack to get that 1 percent.” Still, security companies employing machine learning have claimed success in blocking most malware, not just ransomware. SentinelOne even offers a $1 million guarantee against ransomware; it hasn’t had to pay it yet. A FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGE So why was ransomware still able to spread in recent weeks? Garden-variety anti-virus software — even some of the free versions — can help block new forms of malware, as many are also incorporating behavioral-detection and machine-learning techniques. But such software still relies on malware databases that users aren’t typically good at keeping up to date. Next-generation services such as CrowdStrike, SentinelOne and Cylance tend to ditch databases completely in favor of machine learning. But these services focus on corporate customers, charging $40 to $50 a year per computer. Smaller businesses often don’t have the budget — or the focus on security — for that kind of protection. And forget consumers; these security companies aren’t selling to them yet. Though Cylance plans to release a consumer version in July, it says it’ll be a tough sell — at least until someone gets attacked personally or knows a friend or family member who has. As Cylance CEO Stuart McClure puts it: “When you haven’t been hit with a tornado, why would you get tornado insurance?” * Tags: * artificial intelligence * cybersecurity * malware * ransomware * Windows More in Technology * It's part of Google's push to support the Coalition for Better Ads (mentioned in an earlier Tech+), an industry group that realized digital ads were being ignored because too many people have ad-blockers. Auto-play ads coming to an end with Google Chrome update expected in January January 15, 2018, 5:00 am It’s part of Google’s push to support the Coalition for Better Ads (mentioned in an earlier Tech+), an industry group that realized digital ads were being ignored because too many people have ad-blockers. * This Thursday, Dec. 15, 2016, file ... Pizza Hut says driverless delivery will create more jobs January 13, 2018, 8:27 pm Earlier this week, Pizza Hut unveiled plans to launch a fleet of driverless delivery vans – a sign that automation has reached the world of greasy comfort food. Then the chain did something pizza makers rarely do: It offered an economic theory on Twitter. * It's one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. Crypto mania turns mainstream as stock frenzy reaches new phase January 13, 2018, 8:14 pm It’s one thing for an iced-tea maker or a furniture company to reap massive returns simply by rebranding with blockchain or adding a digital currency, but now some household names are joining in on the craze. * In this Nov. 15, 2017, photo, a robot named Pepper stands in the lobby of the Mandarin Oriental in Las Vegas. Pepper is programmed to interact with guests and answer pre-programmed questions. Las Vegas hotels bet on technology to attract, dazzle guests January 13, 2018, 8:08 pm It takes just minutes for a room service attendant to respond to a text message asking for a soda, bringing the Diet Coke on a tray with a glass of ice and lime wedges, no need for the modern hassle of placing a phone call. * Member Services * News Alerts * Facebook * Twitter * Instagram * RSS * Subscribe + Become a Member / Subscribe + Place a Hold + Denver Post Store + Digital Replica Edition * Classifieds + Autos + Real Estate + Jobs + Today’s Ads + Weekly Ads + Daily Ads + Special Sections * Contact Us + Submit a News Tip + Member Services + Advertise With Us + Careers + Place an Obituary * Today’s Front Page + Back Issues + Archives + Mobile Apps * Copyright © 2017 Digital First Media * Privacy Policy * Terms of Use * Site Map * Ethics Policy * Powered by WordPress.com VIP * Arbitration Send to Email Address ____________________ Your Name ____________________ Your Email Address ____________________ _________________________ loading Send Email Cancel Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 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Paul Allen, Kevin Harlan, sad Saints: Calling the #MinneapolisMiracle NFL sends Millie to Super Bowl, now fans want to send her to Philly, too After whiplash of hope and gloom, Vikings fans explode into frenzy of joy Cranberries singer Dolores O'Riordan dead at 46 Some shopping malls may be in deeper trouble than you think next 442462823 Putin: Leader in artificial intelligence will rule world Associated Press September 1, 2017 — 9:20am Text size comment share tweet email Print more Share on: Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on Pinterest Copy shortlink: ____________________ Purchase: Order Reprint MOSCOW — Russian President Vladimir Putin says that whoever reaches a breakthrough in developing artificial intelligence will come to dominate the world. Putin, speaking Friday at a meeting with students, said the development of AI raises "colossal opportunities and threats that are difficult to predict now." He warned that "the one who becomes the leader in this sphere will be the ruler of the world." Putin warned that "it would be strongly undesirable if someone wins a monopolist position" and promised that Russia would be ready to share its know-how in artificial intelligence with other nations. The Russian leader predicted that future wars will be fought by drones, and "when one party's drones are destroyed by drones of another, it will have no other choice but to surrender." View Comments Read our comment standards StarTribune.com welcomes and encourages readers to comment and engage in substantive, mutually respectful exchanges over news topics. Commenters must follow our Terms of Use. 1. Keep it civil and stay on topic. 2. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. 3. Comments with web links are not permitted. 4. Comments that violate the above will be removed. Repeat violators may lose their commenting privileges on StarTribune.com. 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The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org Photo: David McNew/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-23', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 23', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * Science and techDeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game.Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 * LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017The first baby with three parents will be bornA new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017.Source: The Telegraph * Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter"Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved."Source: NBC * The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the marketThe "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017.Source: CBS News * Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S.A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017.Source: NPR * Costumer service will depend on social media more"Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages."Source: Inc * The first "human head transplant" may occurSergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017.Source: CBS News * A new space raceBuzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand."Source: NBC * Robot chefs will cook our foodMoley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017.Source: Time * For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse."Source: Wall Street Journal * The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an endSince arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn.Source: NASA * 2017 will be less hot than 2016While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures.Source: Climatecentral.org * Hackers will use artificial intelligenceJames R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers.Source: New York Times * The first HIV vaccine"PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.”Source: HIVequal.org * More laptops will be able to double as tablets"It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard."Source: Time * China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 yearsChina has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017.Source: Space.com * Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust"[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world."Source: Inc * The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black holeA network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way.Source: BBC * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/23 Caption Close Image 1 of 23 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Science and tech DeepMind's AI recently acted aggressively when threatened in a computer game. Click through to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017 Image 2 of 23 LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA from another female donor. The result is a baby born with the DNA of two mothers. The first three-parent baby may potentially be born around Christmas of 2017. Source: The Telegraph less LIST: The biggest science and tech predictions for 2017 The first baby with three parents will be born A new fertility technique allows doctors to replace defective DNA found within a mother's egg with the DNA ... more Photo: Thomas Trutschel/Photothek Via Getty Images Image 3 of 23 Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. Katherine Freese, an expert in the field of dark matter, says 2017 may be the year "the 80-year-old dark matter puzzle will finally be solved." Source: NBC less Scientists will discover the truth behind "dark matter" Dark matter, a mysterious type of matter that makes up a little more than a quarter of the universe, is several experiments away from being detected. Dr. ... more Photo: Loop Images/UIG Via Getty Images Image 4 of 23 The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be available by Spring 2017. Source: CBS News less The first "artificial pancreas" for people with type 1 diabetes will hit the market The "MiniMed 670G," an FDA-approved artificial pancreas, will monitor blood sugar and deliver insulin doses. It is set to be ... more Photo: VintageMedStock/Getty Images Image 5 of 23 Image 6 of 23 Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may begin trials in Florida in 2017. Source: NPR less Genetically modified mosquitoes might be released to fight Zika in the U.S. A company that creates genetically modified mosquitoes that have their offspring die when they mate with wild female mosquitos, may ... more Photo: Mario Tama/Getty Images Image 7 of 23 Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer service resolution. Big brands are already seeing a major shift from public posts to private messages." Source: Inc less Costumer service will depend on social media more "Social messaging channels such as Facebook Messenger and Twitter Direct Message are becoming increasingly important tools for brand engagement and customer ... more Photo: Bethany Clarke/Getty Images Image 8 of 23 The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News The first "human head transplant" may occur Sergio Canavero, an Italian neuroscientist, is preparing to perform the first human head transplant. The surgery is slated for 2017. Source: CBS News Photo: ALI YUSSEF/AFP/Getty Images Image 9 of 23 A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to "technical and business innovations we don't yet appreciate or understand." Source: NBC less A new space race Buzz Aldrin, the second human on the moon, told NBC and Americans to "get ready for intense competition in the development of human spaceflight systems." He said the space race will lead to ... more Photo: BRUCE WEAVER/AFP/Getty Images Image 10 of 23 Image 11 of 23 Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Robot chefs will cook our food Moley Robotics, a company that is building a robot chef capable of cooking 2,000 recipes, will begin selling in early 2017. Source: Time Photo: Moley Robotics Image 12 of 23 For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal For the first time in a century, the U.S. will experience a "total solar eclipse." Source: Wall Street Journal Photo: Jamie Cooper/SSPL Via Getty Images Image 13 of 23 The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September 15, 2017, when the spacecraft plunges into Saturn's atmosphere to burn. Source: NASA less The Cassini spacecraft's 20-year mission will come to an end Since arriving at Saturn in 2004, Cassini has provided scientists with valuable data and images. NASA said the Cassini mission will end on September ... more Photo: De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images Image 14 of 23 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming conditions it creates. Forecasters predict a 1.13°F drop in average temperatures. Source: Climatecentral.org less 2017 will be less hot than 2016 While 2017 is still expected to be one of the hottest years on record because of climate change, it won't be as hot as 2016 due to the absence of El Niño and the warming ... more Photo: David McNew/Getty Images Image 15 of 23 Image 16 of 23 Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Hackers will use artificial intelligence James R. Clapper, the director of National Intelligence, said artificial intelligence will make life easier for everyone, even hackers. Source: New York Times Photo: Joe Raedle/Getty Images Image 17 of 23 The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org The first HIV vaccine "PRO 140," a drug currently undergoing trials, will have "expected commercialization in 2017.” Source: HIVequal.org Photo: China Photos/Getty Images Image 18 of 23 More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on innovating around what the industry calls 2-in-1s, which feature a tablet-style design with an attachable keyboard." Source: Time less More laptops will be able to double as tablets "It’s becoming increasingly difficult to innovate on a traditional clamshell laptop design. Consequently, PC makers are putting most of their attention on ... more Photo: ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images Image 19 of 23 China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com China's lunar mission will bring back moon samples for the first time in 40 years China has scheduled an unmanned moon sample-return mission, known as Chang'e 5, for 2017. Source: Space.com Photo: Time Life Pictures/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Image 20 of 23 Image 21 of 23 Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these startups will crash and burn without ever turning a profit. That said, a select few will drive truly deep innovation, and in doing so, reshape the world." Source: Inc less Investments into artificial intelligence (AI) start ups will explode, but it might be a bust "[Venture capitalist] will swarm startups in these spaces like sharks smelling chum in the water... Most of these ... more Photo: TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AFP/Getty Images Image 22 of 23 The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the first images of Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Source: BBC less The first (real) images of the Milk Way's super-massive black hole A network of nine telescopes around the globe are adding the finishing touches to their project: In early 2017, the telescopes will snap the ... more Photo: Universal History Archive/UIG Via Getty Images Image 23 of 23 Terrifyingly, Google's Artificial Intelligence acts aggressive when cornered 1 / 23 Back to Gallery Being a sore loser is not an admired quality; especially when it's a sophisticated piece of artificial intelligence that's lashing out. Researchers at DeepMind, Google's artificial intelligence lab, recently performed a number of tests by having its most complex AI play a series of a games with a version of itself. In the first game, two AI agents, one red and one blue, scramble to see who can collect the most apples, or green squares. Each AI has the option of firing off a long laser beam to stun the other AI, giving one player ample time to collect more precious green apples. SELF-DRIVING: Ford puts $1 billion in stealth artificial intelligence startup IFRAME: https://www.youtube.com/embed/he8_V0BvbWg Terrifyingly, it takes almost no time for both AI to start zapping each other relentlessly in the name of green apples. "These results show that agents learn aggressive policies in environments that combine a scarcity of resources with the possibility of costly action," wrote DeepMind's researchers in a study examining the tests. In addition, scientists were able to change details in the game that would push the AI into being more or less likely to zap their apple-gathering partner. For example, scientists lowered the frequency at which apples spawned and also upped the stun time for each AI's laser, tweaks that resulted in a "highly aggressive" game. ALL IN: Texas Hold 'Em may be the next frontier in artificial intelligence On Friday, Apple announced that it has formally joined The Partnership on AI to Benefit People and Society. Other members of the organization include: Amazon, Facebook, Google/Deep Mind, IBM and Microsoft. The Partnership on AI aims to advance the public understanding of artificial intelligence and create the best practices for it It plans to do research under an open license on areas such as ethics, privacy, fairness, inclusivity, transparency and privacy. Media: Brandpoint While all of this may sound like an "Ex Machina" omen, there are people behind the scenes working to avoid a Skynet-style fate. When Google first purchased DeepMind in 2014 for $500 million, it agreed to set up an ethics and safety board as part of the deal. So far, Google has yet to say whose on the board or what exactly they do, but hopefully they've paid attention to what happens when their AI is up against the ropes. Click through above to see the top science and tech predictions for 2017. 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Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. / 2009 Christian Science Monitor * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images / Steve Debenport * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-5', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 5', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images / 2015 Anadolu Agency * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images / 2015 Getty Images * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? Photo: AP * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-10', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 10', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP / AP * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. Photo: Francois Mori, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-15', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 15', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM / SEATTLEPI.COM * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images / De Agostini Editorial * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-20', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 20', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP / AP * window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ mode: 'thumbnails-c', container: 'taboola-interstitial-gallery-thumbnails-22', placement: 'Interstitial Gallery Thumbnails 22', target_type: 'mix' }); _taboola.push({flush: true}); * * What we could miss out on if we screw up AI1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. * 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. * 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. * 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. * 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. * 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? * 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. * 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. * 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. * 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. * 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. * 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. * 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” * 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. * 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. * 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Image 1of/22 Caption Close Image 1 of 22 Image 2 of 22 What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some combination of the medical research published by the dozens daily. No human or even group of humans could ever find the patterns. We look for breakthroughs and build on those, but advanced intelligent machines can comprehend it all. Also, A.I. system are increasingly on the front lines of research, diagnosis and genetic investigations in collaboration with doctors. If we close too many doors to A.I. development, we may never find the solutions to problems too complex for human minds to fully comprehend. less What we could miss out on if we screw up AI 1. Medical cures — The clues to a cure for what ails us, cancer say, could already be in the totality of medical data we have amassed worldwide or in some ... more Photo: 2009 Christian Science Monitor Image 3 of 22 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about symptoms, body processes etc. But an advanced A.I. easily could. less 2. Medical costs — Unnecessary medical procedures and the evolving of resistant bacteria … false positives … etc. No doctor can have in his/her mind the entire compendium of medical knowledge about ... more Photo: Steve Debenport, Getty Images Image 4 of 22 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of vaccinations and focussed treatment, anticipating where outbreaks of communicable diseases are occurring and addressing them before they threaten millions, the manufacture and distribution of remedies to those diseases, all of that could be solved by super-smart machines given the field to do so. less 3. Global health solutions — People die by the millions from preventable diseases. What will it take to make a world where no one dies from a disease that already has a cure? Worldwide systemization of ... more Image 5 of 22 Image 6 of 22 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour television. less 5. End of politics? One could only hope that government could turn from struggles over ideology to rubber-stamping improvements to the human condition. Ideology battles would be left for talk radio and 24 hour ... more Photo: Anadolu Agency, Getty Images Image 7 of 22 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ancestral homes. If machines are responsible for human health with no political or back-scratching/stabbing obligations or any forms of prejudice or greed, then we could create a world where only we are our worst enemies. less 6. End of mass migrations — Millions are are condemned to destitution and migration forced by local conditions, political and otherwise. And climate change by itself will force possibly billions out of their ... more Photo: Jeff J Mitchell, Getty Images Image 8 of 22 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an “ethical responsibility,” because it takes humans out of harm’s way. Wars, battles or “police actions” are messy and civilians pay a heavy price for them, but if you can reduce collateral damage with smart weapons and machines that don’t get caught up in the passions of war and kill indiscriminately but achieve objectives with the least damage to humans and property … wouldn’t that be a better world? less 7. End of battlefield casualties — Pedro Domingos, a University of Washington professor and author of “The Master Algorithm,” has said replacing human soldiers with A.I. robots in wars could become an ... more Photo: AP Image 9 of 22 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically reduce crime by reducing the social causes of crime. A.I. can also increase policing in areas where it anticipates crime to spike. This wouldn’t mean arresting people before they commit a crime, but rather resolving issues before they become critical and deterring crime through presence of force. less 8. Crime reduction — If you view crime as individual acts of depravity, then A.I. can’t help. But if you understand crime as a response to environment and need, then smart machines could drastically ... more Photo: GRANT HINDSLEY, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 10 of 22 Image 11 of 22 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into civil, productive lives … well, I imagine an advanced learning machine could give its human counterparts some useful insight into their charges. An important difference between a truly rehabilitative system versus a punishment system is that relying on an algorithm for insight into rehabilitation (including medical and psychological insights) won’t give someone an unfair sentence, as was uncovered by ProPublica, because rehab won’t depend on isolation from society. less 9. Prisons — If we ever decide that our “justice system” isn’t just another way of saying “punish the bastards” and get serious about reducing crime and recidivism and bringing people back into ... more Photo: ROMEO GACAD, AFP/Getty Images Image 12 of 22 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over all. less 10. Poverty reduction — We’ve made some progress worldwide, but the causes of poverty or impoverishment are a matrix of social, political, religious and economic forces that make poverty intractable over ... more Photo: Bullit Marquez, AP Image 13 of 22 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it out so far. less 11. Climate change, environmental degradation — How do we power the world, build a broad middle class accessible from anywhere on the planet while not destroying the world we live in? We have not figured it ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 14 of 22 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even know exist yet. For example, there are hundreds of millions of people working in advanced technology jobs that didn’t exist 30 years ago. less 12. Unemployment/underemployment — Ironic since we envision A.I. machines as taking over most jobs humans do now, and that’s a real threat, but A.I. advancement can create jobs in fields we don’t even ... more Photo: Francois Mori, AP Image 15 of 22 Image 16 of 22 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of a kid’s ever-changing aptitude, desires and distraction needs. less 13. Education — How about a learning regimen that’s tailored for the maxim benefit of the individual and society? Instead of tests that cut kids out of stuff, we could have detailed, realtime evaluation of ... more Photo: GENNA MARTIN, SEATTLEPI.COM Image 17 of 22 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting humans in space less likely. Human space travel will be akin to humans climbing Mount Everest: They’ll do it for the adventure and “just because it’s there.” less 14. Space exploration — A.I. will make scientific discoveries and engineering breakthroughs that will lead to better space travel. And, smart machines and advanced sensual virtual reality will make putting ... more Image 18 of 22 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way through the next billion years without going extinct somewhere along the line. less 15. Earth’s planetary mechanisms, paleobiology, paleoclimatology etc. Basically, a complete model of our deep past both life and geology. We might even ground our existence in reality and guide our way ... more Photo: DEA / G. SIOEN, De Agostini/Getty Images Image 19 of 22 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or plants are dependent on them and visa versa. We could at some point have a full picture of this magical place, a picture that humans will be hard-pressed to ever accomplish on our own, let alone an intricate understanding of the matrix that is our interactions with and interdependence on everything here. less 16. Taxonomy, zoology … the study of what species are here, which are in danger of going extinct and their environmental needs, what niches they fill, how they evolved and how widely and what other animals or ... more Image 20 of 22 Image 21 of 22 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — where there are no closed-door power meetings, where transparency and accountability are the basis of all public actions — who’s to say governments and corporations won’t fear trespassing the rights of individuals. less 17. Real personal security — The security that comes from thoroughly protected rights, protected from other individuals, terrorists, protected from corporations and governments. In an advanced A.I. world — ... more Photo: Emaduddin Khan, AP Image 22 of 22 Facebook’s artificial intelligence chatbots developed their own nonhuman language 1 / 22 Back to Gallery Add dealmaking to the growing list of skills artificial intelligence will soon outperform humans at. A new report from Facebook’s Artificial Intelligence Research lab reveals its AI “dialog agents” were able to negotiate remarkably well — at one point communicating in a unique nonhuman language. The model had two chatbots use “machine learning” to continuously improve its negotiating tactics with each other. Facebook researchers had to pause the experiment when the bots’ new mode of communicating “led to divergence from human language as the agents developed their own language for negotiating.” Also Read: Facebook Closed Captioning Screwed Up Facebook CEO's Harvard Speech Even without its own language, the research provided an eerie glimpse at the power of machine learning. The bots quickly moved to high-level methods of deal-making, capable of “feigning interest in a valueless item” — allowing the bots to make compromises. It has been just over a year since Facebook first unveiled its chatbots, the social networking giant isn't done making improvements to dialog-driven assistants. Today, Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research released a new framework for developers intended to help fine-tune and improve the conversational abilities of chatbots, of which Facebook Messenger has over 11,000 of and growing. Media: WochIt Media This revealed the bots were capable of deception — a complex skill learned late in a child’s development, according to the report. The bots weren’t programmed to lie, but instead learned “to deceive without any explicit human design, simply by trying to achieve their goals.” In other words, the bots learned lying can work on their own. Once programmed to not use its new language, researchers also found a hint of spontaneity in the bots’ interactions. Seventy-six percent of the conversations included a fluent English sentence pulled from its training data. Still, the agents had a few “novel utterances” that suggested “although neural models are prone to the safer option of repeating sentences from training data, they are capable of generalizing when necessary.” Also Read: Mark Zuckerberg's 3 Keys to Creating a 'Sense of Purpose' While the data doesn’t conclude we’ll have AI car salesmen in the immediate future, it did show how rapidly machine learning can lead to unanticipated outcomes. As AI research continues to expand, it’s imperative to see the potential drawbacks to having machines self-improve without safeguards in place. 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[print-footer-logo.png] Logo Return to Top About * Our Company * Careers * Advertise with Us * Ad Choices * Terms & Conditions * Privacy Policy * Your California Privacy Rights Contact * Customer Service * Newsroom Contacts Connect * Email Newsletter * Facebook * Twitter * Pinterest * Google * Instagram Subscribe * iPad app * HoustonChronicle.com * Houston Chronicle Archives * eEdition Demo * Today's eNewspaper Hearst Newspapers © Copyright Hearst Newspapers, LLC #alternate alternate The Washington Post Democracy Dies in Darkness * ____________________ * Sections * * Home * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Username * Sign In ______________________________________________________________ + Account + Profile + Newsletters & Alerts + Gift Subscriptions + Contact Us + Help Desk * Subscribe ______________________________________________________________ * Account * Profile * Newsletters & Alerts * Gift Subscriptions * Contact Us * Help Desk * Accessibility for screenreader The Washington Post Travel New artificial intelligence promises to make travel a little smarter. Does it? [1920_x_1080_iOSA.JPG?uuid=bO3beFYDEeeEC1EgJjGdpw] Hopper and similar apps for travelers use artificial intelligence to power their booking engines. (Courtesy of Hopper) [elliottc.jpg?ts=1421428888912&w=80&h=80&t=20170517a] By Christopher Elliott By Christopher Elliott Columnist June 22, 2017 Follow @elliottdotorg The Terminator wants to be your next travel agent. New artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to make travel a little smarter. The latest entrant is Aeromexico’s new AI-based customer-service bot, billed as a “smart brain” capable of machine learning. It launched earlier this year in Spanish on Facebook, and an English version is being rolled out now. But do they really live up to the billing? It depends. There’s little doubt that AI is improving the bottom line for airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, which are aggressively integrating this technology into their operations. But for consumers, there are only a few AI-enabled apps and sites that offer a meaningful improvement, if any. Nearly 85 percent of travel and hospitality professionals are using AI within their businesses, according to a recent survey by Tata Consultancy Services, which is based in India. So far, the use is largely limited to their information-technology departments, with 46 percent of companies saying they use it for functions such as processing bookings and credit-card transactions. But within four years, 60 percent of companies surveyed said that AI would expand to their marketing efforts — persuading you to book their products. [The travel industry is finally ending discrimination against solo travelers. Or is it?] Indeed, most of the AI firepower is reserved for the back-end systems designed to squeeze more profit out of an airline seat or hotel room, or to improve the efficiency of airport operations. For example, flight disruptions cost airlines billions each year, so airports are deploying AI systems to quickly deal with irregular operations. A company called SITA is working with airports to create an algorithm to forecast airline delays. “This is a huge cost for the industry,” says Jim Peters, SITA’s chief technology officer. “There is a strong desire to remove as much uncertainty as possible.” For customer-facing AI systems for travelers, there are several standouts. One of the most prominent examples of AI is Hopper , which uses a variety of artificial intelligence to power its site and booking engine. That includes machine learning to analyze pricing data and suggest the best times to book a trip to a destination, a system that alerts you when ticket prices drop, and a “conversational chatbot” that understands written queries and generates relevant results. Another site, Hipmunk , also has a well-known conversational chatbot capable of understanding queries and offering relevant search results. “The idea here is to leverage AI strategically at the right moment in the customer journey,” says Étienne Mérineau, the co-founder and head of conversation design at Heyday.ai, a chatbot developer based in Montreal. At Kayak , when you access its price forecast tool, you’re using an intelligent system that’s more than a simple search. Not only does it offer a more accurate price prediction, says Giorgos Zacharia, the chief technology officer for Kayak, “artificial intelligence also allows us to combine flights from different carriers for more savings for our users.” [How can you protect your right to digital privacy at the border?] And while the sites that offer it are popular, the technology can be a little glitchy. Take the Aeromexico AI, called Aerobot. Like the Terminator’s mythical Skynet, it goes far beyond offering scripted answers, learning as it goes by scanning and analyzing previous customer service transcripts. The system, currently only available in Spanish, is still primitive. I accessed the AI through its Facebook page and asked it for help with a reservation. The response? “Let me transfer you to a human agent.” Its developers said Aerobot can answer simple questions, such as “What is your pet fee?” and “I have to change a flight,” but is still learning the rest. Who said customer service would be easy? Certainly not Nina McGouldrick, a medical writer from Richardson, Tex. She recently used Hopper to book a flight on American Airlines, with frustrating results. When she called the airline to check on the status of her flight, American claimed she had canceled her ticket and that its records indicated that someone using her number had called. “All we could see on our side is that it was canceled by the airline at the flier’s request,” says Brianna Schneider, a Hopper spokeswoman. “It pains us to hear, though, that this traveler didn’t intend to cancel her trip and we will reach out to her to get more details.” [You’ve never heard of these people, but they’ve changed the way you fly] But McGouldrick may be in the minority. Artificial intelligence is increasingly palatable to a majority of travelers. A new PricewaterhouseCoopers survey of consumer and business attitudes toward the technology suggests that in the next five years, 56 percent of respondents would be willing to embrace an artificial travel agent. To which human agents say: Nonsense. “Would you trust the Terminator to tell you where to see the best sunset on the Amalfi Coast?” asks Erika Richter, a spokeswoman for the American Society of Travel Agents . “I don’t think so.” For now, the dream of an AI making travel better seems closer to becoming a reality for a company’s back-end systems, where intelligent applications can improve efficiency and cut costs. But when it comes to the systems travelers use, there’s a long road ahead — at least before you can call a machine to book your next vacation. Elliott is a consumer advocate, journalist and co-founder of the advocacy group Travelers United. Email him at chris@elliott.org. Read more from Travel: With eco-friendly travel more popular than ever, approach green claims with skepticism From passport cards to Global Entry, which trusted-traveler program is right for you? 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. Google Google's artificial intelligence computer 'no longer constrained by limits of human knowledge' news.com.au * Facebook * Twitter * Print * Email Terminator The computer that stunned humanity by beating the best mortal players at a strategy board game requiring “intuition” has become even smarter, its creators claim. Even more startling, the updated version of AlphaGo is entirely self-taught — a major step towards the rise of machines that achieve superhuman abilities “with no human input”, they reported in the science journal Nature. Dubbed AlphaGo Zero, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) system learnt by itself, within days, to master the ancient Chinese board game known as “Go” — said to be the most complex two-person challenge ever invented. It came up with its own, novel moves to eclipse all the Go acumen humans have acquired over thousands of years. After just three days of self-training it was put to the ultimate test against AlphaGo, its forerunner which previously dethroned the top human champs. AlphaGo Zero won by 100 games to zero. “AlphaGo Zero not only rediscovered the common patterns and openings that humans tend to play ... it ultimately discarded them in preference for its own variants which humans don’t even know about or play at the moment,” said AlphaGo lead researcher David Silver. The 3000-year-old Chinese game played with black and white stones on a board has more move configurations possible than there are atoms in the Universe. AlphaGo made world headlines with its shock 4-1 victory in March 2016 over 18-time Go champion Lee Se-Dol, one of the game’s all-time masters. Lee’s defeat showed that AI was progressing faster than widely thought, said experts at the time who called for rules to make sure powerful AI always remains completely under human control. In May this year, an updated AlphaGo Master program beat world Number One Ke Jie in three matches out of three. NOT CONSTRAINED BY HUMANS Unlike its predecessors which trained on data from thousands of human games before practising by playing against itself, AlphaGo Zero did not learn from humans, or by playing against them, according to researchers at DeepMind, the Google-owned British artificial intelligence (AI) company developing the system. “All previous versions of AlphaGo ... were told: ‘Well, in this position the human expert played this particular move, and in this other position the human expert played here’,” Silver said in a video explaining the advance. AlphaGo Zero skipped this step. Instead, it was programmed to respond to reward — a positive point for a win versus a negative point for a loss. Starting with just the rules of Go and no instructions, the system learnt the game, devised strategy and improved as it competed against itself — starting with “completely random play” to figure out how the reward is earned. This is a trial-and-error process known as “reinforcement learning”. Unlike its predecessors, AlphaGo Zero “is no longer constrained by the limits of human knowledge,” Silver and DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis wrote in a blog. Amazingly, AlphaGo Zero used a single machine — a human brain-mimicking “neural network” -- compared to the multiple-machine “brain” that beat Lee. It had four data processing units compared to AlphaGo’s 48, and played 4.9 million training games over three days compared to 30 million over several months. BEGINNING OF THE END? “People tend to assume that machine learning is all about big data and massive amounts of computation but actually what we saw with AlphaGo Zero is that algorithms matter much more,” said Silver. The findings suggested that AI based on reinforcement learning performed better than those that rely on human expertise, Satinder Singh of the University of Michigan wrote in a commentary also carried by Nature. “However, this is not the beginning of any end because AlphaGo Zero, like all other successful AI so far, is extremely limited in what it knows and in what it can do compared with humans and even other animals,” he said. AlphaGo Zero’s ability to learn on its own “might appear creepily autonomous”, added Anders Sandberg of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University. But there was an important difference, he told AFP, “between the general-purpose smarts humans have and the specialised smarts” of computer software. “What DeepMind has demonstrated over the past years is that one can make software that can be turned into experts in different domains ... but it does not become generally intelligent,” he said. It was also worth noting that AlphaGo was not programming itself, said Sandberg. “The clever insights making Zero better was due to humans, not any piece of software suggesting that this approach would be good. I would start to get worried when that happens.” This story originally appeared in news.com.au. Trending in Tech * Boeing has finally unveiled a successor to the legendary Blackbird SR-71 spy plane, capable of travelling at five times the speed of sound. Boeing's 'Son of Blackbird' hypersonic strike aircraft could go five times the speed of sound * A bizarre video of a "humanoid UFO" over Mexico has gone viral and sparked plenty of skepticism. Weird footage of 'humanoid UFO' over Mexico goes viral, sparks skepticism * Want to know about spy cams, iPhone battery performance and the coolest Alexa commands? Then read this column. 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All rights reserved. All market data delayed 20 minutes. [tr?id=190747804793608&ev=PageView &noscript=1] * Physics * Mathematics * Biology * Computer Science * All Articles * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own (Submit) Share (Submit) * Comments * (Submit) Read Later Abstractions blog Artificial Intelligence Learns to Learn Entirely on Its Own ByKevin Hartnett October 18, 2017 A new version of AlphaGo needed no human instruction to figure out how to clobber the best Go player in the world — itself. (Submit) dreamdream [AlphaGo1300Lede.jpg] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks A mere 19 months after dethroning the world’s top human Go player, the computer program AlphaGo has smashed an even more momentous barrier: It can now achieve unprecedented levels of mastery purely by teaching itself. Starting with zero knowledge of Go strategy and no training by humans, the new iteration of the program, called AlphaGo Zero, needed just three days to invent advanced strategies undiscovered by human players in the multi-millennia history of the game. By freeing artificial intelligence from a dependence on human knowledge, the breakthrough removes a primary limit on how smart machines can become. Earlier versions of AlphaGo were taught to play the game using two methods. In the first, called supervised learning, researchers fed the program 100,000 top amateur Go games and taught it to imitate what it saw. In the second, called reinforcement learning, they had the program play itself and learn from the results. AlphaGo Zero skipped the first step. The program began as a blank slate, knowing only the rules of Go, and played games against itself. At first, it placed stones randomly on the board. Over time it got better at evaluating board positions and identifying advantageous moves. It also learned many of the canonical elements of Go strategy and discovered new strategies all its own. “When you learn to imitate humans the best you can do is learn to imitate humans,” said Satinder Singh, a computer scientist at the University of Michigan who was not involved with the research. “In many complex situations there are new insights you’ll never discover.” After three days of training and 4.9 million training games, the researchers matched AlphaGo Zero against the earlier champion-beating version of the program. AlphaGo Zero won 100 games to zero. To expert observers, the rout was stunning. Pure reinforcement learning would seem to be no match for the overwhelming number of possibilities in Go, which is vastly more complex than chess: You’d have expected AlphaGo Zero to spend forever searching blindly for a decent strategy. Instead, it rapidly found its way to superhuman abilities. The efficiency of the learning process owes to a feedback loop. Like its predecessor, AlphaGo Zero determines what move to play through a process called a “tree search.” The program starts with the current board and considers the possible moves. It then considers what moves its opponent could play in each of the resulting boards, and then the moves it could play in response and so on, creating a branching tree diagram that simulates different combinations of play resulting in different board setups. Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter (Submit) Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. Video: David Silver, the lead researcher on the AlphaGo team, discusses how AlphaGo improves its Go strategy by playing against itself. DeepMind AlphaGo Zero can’t follow every branch of the tree all the way through, since that would require inordinate computing power. Instead, it selectively prunes branches by deciding which paths seem most promising. It makes that calculation — of which paths to prune — based on what it has learned in earlier play about the moves and overall board setups that lead to wins. Earlier versions of AlphaGo did all this, too. What’s novel about AlphaGo Zero is that instead of just running the tree search and making a move, it remembers the outcome of the tree search — and eventually of the game. It then uses that information to update its estimates of promising moves and the probability of winning from different positions. As a result, the next time it runs the tree search it can use its improved estimates, trained with the results of previous tree searches, to generate even better estimates of the best possible move. The computational strategy that underlies AlphaGo Zero is effective primarily in situations in which you have an extremely large number of possibilities and want to find the optimal one. In the Nature paper describing the research, the authors of AlphaGo Zero suggest that their system could be useful in materials exploration — where you want to identify atomic combinations that yield materials with different properties — and protein folding, where you want to understand how a protein’s precise three-dimensional structure determines its function. As for Go, the effects of AlphaGo Zero are likely to be seismic. To date, gaming companies have failed in their efforts to develop world-class Go software. AlphaGo Zero is likely to change that. Andrew Jackson, executive vice president of the American Go Association, thinks it won’t be long before Go apps appear on the market. This will change the way human Go players train. It will also make cheating easier. As for AlphaGo, the future is wide open. Go is sufficiently complex that there’s no telling how good a self-starting computer program can get; and AlphaGo now has a learning method to match the expansiveness of the game it was bred to play. [template] [QuantaTeam_Kevin.jpg] Kevin Hartnett Senior Writer __________________________________________________________________ October 18, 2017 __________________________________________________________________ Download as PDF Print this article Abstractionsalphagoartificial intelligencecomputer sciencemachine learningneural networks Share this article __________________________________________________________________ Newsletter Get Quanta Magazine delivered to your inbox (Submit) Subscribe now Most recent newsletter The Quanta Newsletter Get highlights of the most important news delivered to your email inbox ____________________ (Submit) Subscribe Most recent newsletter Comment on this article Quanta Magazine moderates comments to facilitate an informed, substantive, civil conversation. Abusive, profane, self-promotional, misleading, incoherent or off-topic comments will be rejected. 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MIT Technology Review (Submit) Menu * Topics + o Business Impact o Connectivity o Intelligent Machines o Rewriting Life o Sustainable Energy + o 10 Breakthrough Technologies o 35 Innovators Under 35 o 50 Smartest Companies + Views + Views from the Marketplace + The Possibility Report * The Download * Magazine * Events * More + Video + Special Publications + MIT News Magazine + Help/Support * Log in / Register * Subscribe * Log in / Register * Search * ____________________ Submit Click search or press enter [ma15-reviewsai.jpg?sw=1180&cx=0&cy=37&cw=2760&ch=1552] Intelligent Machines Our Fear of Artificial Intelligence A true AI might ruin the world—but that assumes it’s possible at all. * by Paul Ford * February 11, 2015 Computers are entrusted with control of complex systems. * * * * * * * Years ago I had coffee with a friend who ran a startup. He had just turned 40. His father was ill, his back was sore, and he found himself overwhelmed by life. “Don’t laugh at me,” he said, “but I was counting on the singularity.” My friend worked in technology; he’d seen the changes that faster microprocessors and networks had wrought. It wasn’t that much of a step for him to believe that before he was beset by middle age, the intelligence of machines would exceed that of humans—a moment that futurists call the singularity. A benevolent superintelligence might analyze the human genetic code at great speed and unlock the secret to eternal youth. At the very least, it might know how to fix your back. But what if it wasn’t so benevolent? Nick Bostrom, a philosopher who directs the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, describes the following scenario in his book Superintelligence, which has prompted a great deal of debate about the future of artificial intelligence. Imagine a machine that we might call a “paper-clip maximizer”—that is, a machine programmed to make as many paper clips as possible. Now imagine that this machine somehow became incredibly intelligent. Given its goals, it might then decide to create new, more efficient paper-clip-manufacturing machines—until, King Midas style, it had converted essentially everything to paper clips. [MA15cover.zoomedx1004.jpg?sw=180] This story is part of our March/April 2015 Issue See the rest of the issue Subscribe No worries, you might say: you could just program it to make exactly a million paper clips and halt. But what if it makes the paper clips and then decides to check its work? Has it counted correctly? It needs to become smarter to be sure. The superintelligent machine manufactures some as-yet-uninvented raw-computing material (call it “computronium”) and uses that to check each doubt. But each new doubt yields further digital doubts, and so on, until the entire earth is converted to computronium. Except for the million paper clips. Things Reviewed * “Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies” By Nick Bostrom Oxford University Press, 2014 Bostrom does not believe that the paper-clip maximizer will come to be, exactly; it’s a thought experiment, one designed to show how even careful system design can fail to restrain extreme machine intelligence. But he does believe that superintelligence could emerge, and while it could be great, he thinks it could also decide it doesn’t need humans around. Or do any number of other things that destroy the world. The title of chapter 8 is: “Is the default outcome doom?” If this sounds absurd to you, you’re not alone. Critics such as the robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks say that people who fear a runaway AI misunderstand what computers are doing when we say they’re thinking or getting smart. From this perspective, the putative superintelligence Bostrom describes is far in the future and perhaps impossible. Yet a lot of smart, thoughtful people agree with Bostrom and are worried now. Why? Volition The question “Can a machine think?” has shadowed computer science from its beginnings. Alan Turing proposed in 1950 that a machine could be taught like a child; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP, coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1955. As AI researchers in the 1960s and 1970s began to use computers to recognize images, translate between languages, and understand instructions in normal language and not just code, the idea that computers would eventually develop the ability to speak and think—and thus to do evil—bubbled into mainstream culture. Even beyond the oft-referenced HAL from 2001: A Space Odyssey, the 1970 movie Colossus: The Forbin Project featured a large blinking mainframe computer that brings the world to the brink of nuclear destruction; a similar theme was explored 13 years later in WarGames. The androids of 1973’s Westworld went crazy and started killing. Extreme AI predictions are “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines… and jumping to the conclusion that the warp drives are just around the corner,” Rodney Brooks writes. When AI research fell far short of its lofty goals, funding dried up to a trickle, beginning long “AI winters.” Even so, the torch of the intelligent machine was carried forth in the 1980s and ’90s by sci-fi authors like Vernor Vinge, who popularized the concept of the singularity; researchers like the roboticist Hans Moravec, an expert in computer vision; and the engineer/entrepreneur Ray Kurzweil, author of the 1999 book The Age of Spiritual Machines. Whereas Turing had posited a humanlike intelligence, Vinge, Moravec, and Kurzweil were thinking bigger: when a computer became capable of independently devising ways to achieve goals, it would very likely be capable of introspection—and thus able to modify its software and make itself more intelligent. In short order, such a computer would be able to design its own hardware. As Kurzweil described it, this would begin a beautiful new era. Such machines would have the insight and patience (measured in picoseconds) to solve the outstanding problems of nanotechnology and spaceflight; they would improve the human condition and let us upload our consciousness into an immortal digital form. Intelligence would spread throughout the cosmos. You can also find the exact opposite of such sunny optimism. Stephen Hawking has warned that because people would be unable to compete with an advanced AI, it “could spell the end of the human race.” Upon reading Superintelligence, the entrepreneur Elon Musk tweeted: “Hope we’re not just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence. Unfortunately, that is increasingly probable.” Musk then followed with a $10 million grant to the Future of Life Institute. Not to be confused with Bostrom’s center, this is an organization that says it is “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity,” the ones that could arise “from the development of human-level artificial intelligence.” No one is suggesting that anything like superintelligence exists now. In fact, we still have nothing approaching a general-purpose artificial intelligence or even a clear path to how it could be achieved. Recent advances in AI, from automated assistants such as Apple’s Siri to Google’s driverless cars, also reveal the technology’s severe limitations; both can be thrown off by situations that they haven’t encountered before. Artificial neural networks can learn for themselves to recognize cats in photos. But they must be shown hundreds of thousands of examples and still end up much less accurate at spotting cats than a child. This is where skeptics such as Brooks, a founder of iRobot and Rethink Robotics, come in. Even if it’s impressive—relative to what earlier computers could manage—for a computer to recognize a picture of a cat, the machine has no volition, no sense of what cat-ness is or what else is happening in the picture, and none of the countless other insights that humans have. In this view, AI could possibly lead to intelligent machines, but it would take much more work than people like Bostrom imagine. And even if it could happen, intelligence will not necessarily lead to sentience. Extrapolating from the state of AI today to suggest that superintelligence is looming is “comparable to seeing more efficient internal combustion engines appearing and jumping to the conclusion that warp drives are just around the corner,” Brooks wrote recently on Edge.org. “Malevolent AI” is nothing to worry about, he says, for a few hundred years at least. Insurance policy Even if the odds of a superintelligence arising are very long, perhaps it’s irresponsible to take the chance. One person who shares Bostrom’s concerns is Stuart J. Russell, a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Russell is the author, with Peter Norvig (a peer of Kurzweil’s at Google), of Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, which has been the standard AI textbook for two decades. “There are a lot of supposedly smart public intellectuals who just haven’t a clue,” Russell told me. He pointed out that AI has advanced tremendously in the last decade, and that while the public might understand progress in terms of Moore’s Law (faster computers are doing more), in fact recent AI work has been fundamental, with techniques like deep learning laying the groundwork for computers that can automatically increase their understanding of the world around them. Bostrom’s book proposes ways to align computers with human needs. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. Because Google, Facebook, and other companies are actively looking to create an intelligent, “learning” machine, he reasons, “I would say that one of the things we ought not to do is to press full steam ahead on building superintelligence without giving thought to the potential risks. It just seems a bit daft.” Russell made an analogy: “It’s like fusion research. If you ask a fusion researcher what they do, they say they work on containment. If you want unlimited energy you’d better contain the fusion reaction.” Similarly, he says, if you want unlimited intelligence, you’d better figure out how to align computers with human needs. Bostrom’s book is a research proposal for doing so. A superintelligence would be godlike, but would it be animated by wrath or by love? It’s up to us (that is, the engineers). Like any parent, we must give our child a set of values. And not just any values, but those that are in the best interest of humanity. We’re basically telling a god how we’d like to be treated. How to proceed? Bostrom draws heavily on an idea from a thinker named Eliezer Yudkowsky, who talks about “coherent extrapolated volition”—the consensus-derived “best self” of all people. AI would, we hope, wish to give us rich, happy, fulfilling lives: fix our sore backs and show us how to get to Mars. And since humans will never fully agree on anything, we’ll sometimes need it to decide for us—to make the best decisions for humanity as a whole. How, then, do we program those values into our (potential) superintelligences? What sort of mathematics can define them? These are the problems, Bostrom believes, that researchers should be solving now. Bostrom says it is “the essential task of our age.” For the civilian, there’s no reason to lose sleep over scary robots. We have no technology that is remotely close to superintelligence. Then again, many of the largest corporations in the world are deeply invested in making their computers more intelligent; a true AI would give any one of these companies an unbelievable advantage. They also should be attuned to its potential downsides and figuring out how to avoid them. This somewhat more nuanced suggestion—without any claims of a looming AI-mageddon—is the basis of an open letter on the website of the Future of Life Institute, the group that got Musk’s donation. Rather than warning of existential disaster, the letter calls for more research into reaping the benefits of AI “while avoiding potential pitfalls.” This letter is signed not just by AI outsiders such as Hawking, Musk, and Bostrom but also by prominent computer scientists (including Demis Hassabis, a top AI researcher). You can see where they’re coming from. After all, if they develop an artificial intelligence that doesn’t share the best human values, it will mean they weren’t smart enough to control their own creations. Paul Ford, a freelance writer in New York, wrote about Bitcoin in March/April 2014. Time is running out to register for EmTech Digital. You don’t want to miss expert discussions on AI. Learn more and register (Submit) (Submit) Share * * * * * * * Tagged AI, artificial intelligence Credit Illustration by Jacob Escobedo Paul Ford Paul Ford is a writer and computer programmer who lives in Brooklyn. He is writing a book of essays about Web pages. READ COMMENTS Please read our commenting guidelines. Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. 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Log in for two more free articles, or subscribe now for unlimited online access. [google_s_ai_made_some_pretty_huge_leaps_this_week.html&c5=&c6=&c15=&cj =1] Quantcast #Future Tense (RSS 2.0) Slate Sign In Sign Up Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Google’s Game-Playing A.I. Made Big Leaps This Week. Here’s What It Tells Us About A.I.’s Future. Slate Sign In Sign Up ASU | NEW AMERICA | SLATE Learn more about Future Tense » Slate Future Tense Future Tense The Citizen's Guide to the Future Oct. 18 2017 6:51 PM Google’s A.I. Has Made Some Pretty Huge Leaps This Week By Christina Bonnington Lee Se-Dol. AlphaGo has come a ways since it started beating humans. Google via Getty Images When DeepMind’s AlphaGo artificial intelligence defeated Lee Sedol, the Korean Go champion, for the first time last year, it stunned the world. Many, including Sedol himself, didn’t expect an AI to have mastered the complicated board game, but it won four out of five matches—proving it could compete with the best human players. More than a year has passed, and today’s AlphaGo makes last year’s version seem positively quaint. Google’s latest AI efforts push beyond the limitations of their human developers. Its artificial intelligence algorithms are teaching themselves how to code and how to play the intricate, yet easy-to-learn ancient board game Go. Advertisement This has been quite the week for the company. On Monday, researchers announced that Google’s project AutoML had successfully taught itself to program machine learning software on its own. While it’s limited to basic programming tasks, the code AutoML created was, in some cases, better than the code written by its human counterparts. In a program designed to identify objects in a picture, the AI-created algorithm achieved a 43 percent success rate at the task. The human-developed code, by comparison, only scored 39 percent on the task. On Wednesday, in a paper published in the journal Nature, DeepMind researchers revealed another remarkable achievement. The newest version of its Go-playing algorithm, dubbed AlphaGo Zero, was not only better than the original AlphaGo, which defeated the world’s best human player in May. This version had taught itself how to play the game. All on its own, given only the basic rules of the game. (The original, by comparison, learned from a database of 100,000 Go games.) According to Google’s researchers, AlphaGo Zero has achieved superhuman-level performance: It won 100–0 against its champion predecessor, AlphaGo. But DeepMind’s developments go beyond just playing a board game exceedingly well. There are important implications that could positively impact AI in the near future. “By not using human data—by not using human expertise in any fashion—we’ve actually removed the constraints of human knowledge,” AlphaGo Zero’s lead programmer, David Silver, said at a press conference. Advertisement Until now, modern AIs have largely relied on learning from vast data sets. The bigger the data set, the better. What AlphaGo Zero and AutoML prove is that a successful AI doesn’t necessarily need those human-supplied data sets—it can teach itself. This could be important in the face of our current consumer-facing AI mess. Written by human programmers and taught on human-supplied data, algorithms (such as the ones Google and Facebook use to suggest articles you should read) are subject to the same defects as their human overlords. Without that human interference and influence, future AI’s could be far superior to what we’re seeing employed in the wild today. A dataset can be flawed or skewed—for example, a facial recognition algorithm that has trouble with black faces because their white programmers didn’t feed it a diverse enough set of images. AI, teaching itself, wouldn’t inherently be sexist or racist, or suffer from those kinds of unconscious biases. In the case of AlphaGo Zero, its reinforcement-based learning is also good news for the computational power of advanced AI networks. Early AlphaGo versions operated on 48 Google-built TPUs. AlphaGo Zero works on only four. It’s far more efficient and practical than its predecessors. Paired with AutoML’s ability to develop its own machine learning algorithms, this could seriously speed up the pace of DeepMind’s AI-related discoveries. And while playing the game of Go may seem like a silly endeavor for an AI, it actually makes a lot of sense. AlphaGo Zero has to sort through a lot of complicated information to decide what moves to make in a game. (There are approximately 10^170 positions you can make on a Go board.) As DeepMind co-founder Demis Hassabis told the Verge, AlphaGo Zero could be reprogrammed to sort through other kinds of data instead. This could include particle physics, quantum chemistry, or drug discovery. Like with playing Go, AlphaGo Zero could end up uncovering new techniques humans have overlooked or come to conclusions we hadn’t yet explored. There’s a lot of reason to fear AI, but DeepMind’s AI’s aren’t programming themselves to destroy the human race. They’re programming themselves in a way that will shift some of the tedium off of human developers’ shoulders and look at problems and data sets in a fresh new light. It’s astonishing to think how far AI has come in just the past few years, but it’s clear from this week that progress is going to come even faster now. Future Tense is a partnership of Slate, New America, and Arizona State University. Christina Bonnington is a technology writer whose work has appeared in Wired, Refinery29, the Daily Dot, and elsewhere. (Submit) Load Comments Powered by Livefyre Slate Sign In Sign Up [s?eid=2ca7ac88-8963-4abf-acff-c1114097be96] FOLLOW SLATE * Twitter * Facebook * Instagram SLATE ON * IPHONE * ANDROID * KINDLE * Reprints * Advertise with us * ABOUT US * CONTACT US * WORK WITH US * USER AGREEMENT * PRIVACY POLICY * FAQ * FEEDBACK * CORRECTIONS Slate Group Panoply Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents © 2018 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved. Slate Slate Sign In Sign Up #alternate Latest News * Dow 25,803 +228.46 +0.89% * Nasdaq 7,261 +49.28 +0.68% * S&P 500 2,786 +18.68 +0.67% * 2:17 P.M. ET Huge diamond found in ‘remarkable’ Lesotho mine, but what’s it worth? (Submit) (Submit) * 12:00 P.M. ET Cryptocurrencies investor: ‘My neurons are fried ... I’ll lose a million dollars in a day’ (Submit) (Submit) * 11:57 A.M. 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Home Investing Stocks Jeff Reeves's Strength in Numbers Get email alerts Opinion: These 3 stocks are smart bets on the artificial intelligence revolution By Jeff Reeves Published: Oct 19, 2017 7:49 a.m. ET Share (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) (Submit) Alphabet, IBM, and robotics ETF poised to profit from technological change [MW-EB362_i_robo_20151216095927_ZH.jpg?uuid=9a20866a-a405-11e5-8622-001 5c588e0f6] Everett Collection [jeffReeves_100.png] By JeffReeves Columnist “Artificial intelligence” is a misunderstood term, thanks in part to dystopian views of the technology across pop culture — from the iconic Terminator to Cylons in Battlestar Galactica to HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey. In reality, most scientists working on artificial intelligence aren’t trying to simulate true human intelligence at all. They are simply trying to create practical machines capable of analyzing data and making decisions to achieve a goal. Case in point — Salesforce.com CRM, +1.04% has a valuable artificial intelligence application called Einstein that it provides to clients. This AI engine helps marketing and sales teams by suggesting which customers are the most valuable, and which products they are most likely to buy. Not only is that a far-less sinister example of AI, it’s also exemplary of how businesses can use this technology to create serious profits. Salesforce stock, for example, is up 40% year-to-date compared with less than 15% for the broader S&P 500 SPX, +0.67% . In fact, the most practical applications of artificial intelligence are side-by-side with Big Data and cloud-computing applications that many investors are already familiar with. Think of artificial intelligence as just the natural next step now that we’ve created all this data — something has to make sense of it. For example, retailers have been trying for years to harness the predictive power of your shopping habits in order to put offers in front of you. Case-in-point: A now-infamous story about TGT, +3.78% investing in how to predict when a customer was (or soon would become) pregnant. While fears of the robot apocalypse may never completely disappear from pop culture, the business case for AI is clear in this age of information. The only question is who will provide the artificial intelligence engines of the future, and which companies and investors will profit. If you’re interested in playing this emerging-tech trend, here are three AI plays to consider: Alphabet Google parent Alphabet Inc. GOOGL, +1.67% GOOG, +1.51% made a splash a few years ago as it seemed to be diving into deep machine learning with the acquisition of DNNresearch, DeepMind Technologies, and JetPac among others. The flurry of acquisitions in 2013 and 2014 made waves at the time, and in the near term were seen as incrementally improving areas of Google’s internet business, such as improving search or providing better bidding on ad rates. But the tech giant hasn’t taken its eye off the ball in the intervening years, and overlooking its long-term commitment to AI would be a mistake. Just like it has cemented its role in the smartphone ecosystem with its Android operating system, Google is pushing hard to share its open-source TensorFlow machine learning software with developers and companies of all sizes While many companies like Amazon.com AMZN, +2.23% are using AI internally to improve customer experience or to create products like voice assistant Alexa, Google has opened up the gates and is welcoming the world into its AI ecosystem. We’ve seen this blueprint before, where Google was happy to allow a community of smart, driven experts to help it build Android to be a world leader in mobile software. You could do worse than bet they would do the same thing with their artificial intelligence platform. Sure, there’s no material profits yet. But if AI becomes the next big Google platform, running the systems in homes and cars the way Android runs tablets and phones, Alphabet will surely find a way to capitalize on that in the years ahead. IBM The opposite of Google’s approach is the proprietary Watson system created by International Business Machines Corp. IBM, -0.65% Many Americans are most familiar with Watson for its trivia skills displayed on television show “Jeopardy.” But aside from quirky PR stunts, the supercomputer has found a role performing much more practical tasks in recent years. Since 2013, for example, Watson has been in use at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York to help oncologists make the best decisions based on mountains of medical records and real-life diagnoses. And last January a Japanese insurance firm became so reliant on Watson’s actuarial skills that it laid off a few dozen human employees. IBM has married a powerful machine learning interface with its existing enterprise tech operation, selling Watson’s AI under the “software-as-a-service model” that has been so profitable for cloud computing firms in recent years. It’s a natural iteration for IBM’s business — and a necessary one, too, as the struggling technology giant sees persistent revenue headwinds and increasingly is looking to both the cloud and artificial intelligence results to boost performance. The company just reported its 22nd consecutive quarter of revenue declines, though it did beat on profits thanks in part to 20% growth in its cloud division. When you marry the strategic imperatives of cloud and AI with the existing scale and reach of IBM, it’s hard to imagine that the company will not be a serious play in AI for years to come. Furthermore, a 10-year partnership with MIT launched this year will all but ensure a generation of eager engineers come into the American workforce with ready skills to deploy Watson at their workplaces. This is not as sexy or as grandiose as Google’s plan to democratize AI and spread it around the world. But for investors, the appeal is IBM’s bright line between this emerging technology and near-term profit potential. Robotics and AI ETF If you’re unwilling to pick a winner in the race for artificial intelligence applications, I don’t blame you. Emerging technologies are not just hard to fully understand, but they are tumultuous businesses where upstarts can come out of nowhere and leaders can fall from grace. That’s where the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF BOTZ, +1.59% comes in. This unique and diversified ETF invests in companies “that potentially stand to benefit from increased adoption and utilization of robotics and artificial intelligence.” Because this spans all applications, it makes for an intriguing portfolio. Top holdings now include Nvidia Corp. NVDA, -0.49% for its leading Drive PX platform that can power self-driving cars, Japanese “smart factory” supplier Omron Corp. OMRNY, +0.78% and medical robotics company Cyberdyne CYBQY, -3.09% to name a few. The most interesting thing about these holdings is that they aren’t nebulous plays on some general AI theme and the hope of machine learning on a grand scale. Most are profiting now with targeted business models that marry automation and AI to produce real-world results. For this strategy the ETF charges a rather modest 0.68% expense ratio, or $68 annually on $10,000 invested. That seems a small price to pay for a diversified and thoughtful basket of potential AI winners. MarketWatch Partner Center * * * Data Provided By [bankrate.svg] Today's Interest Rates Mortgage Equity Savings Auto Credit Cards 1. 30 yr fixed Jumbo 4.28% 2. 30 yr fixed 3.96% 3. 15 yr fixed 3.31% 4. 10 yr fixed 3.23% 5. 30 yr fixed refi 3.94% 6. 15 yr fixed refi 3.28% 7. 5/1 ARM 3.9% 8. 5/1 ARM refi 3.9% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. $30K HELOC 3.79% 2. $50K HELOC 3.82% 3. $75K HELOC 3.79% 4. $100K HELOC 3.82% 5. $30K Home Equity Loan 4.92% 6. $50K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 7. $75K Home Equity Loan 4.62% 8. $100K Home Equity Loan 4.53% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 5 yr CD 1.52% 2. 2 yr CD 0.95% 3. 1 yr CD 0.85% 4. MMA $10K+ 0.31% 5. MMA $50K+ 0.46% 6. MMA Savings 0.34% 7. MMA Savings Jumbo 0.5% National averages from Bankrate.com 1. 60 Mo Used Car 3.45% 2. 48 Mo Used Car 3.39% 3. 36 Mo Used Car 3.49% 4. 72 Mo New Car 3.45% 5. 60 Mo New Car 3.58% 6. 48 Mo New Car 3.26% 7. 60 Mo Auto Refi 2.82% 8. 36 Mo Auto Refi 2.26% National averages from Bankrate.com Avg. APR Last Week 6 Months Low Interest 13.08% 13.07% 12.88% Business 13.91% 13.87% 13.87% Balance Transfer 15.56% 15.55% 15.31% Student 15.92% 15.92% 15.14% Airline 16.26% 16.25% 15.99% Reward 16.41% 16.40% 16.15% Cash Back 16.56% 16.55% 16.26% Instant Approval 18.74% 18.74% 18.51% Bad Credit 23.59% 23.59% 23.43% Source: CreditCards.com Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. Jeff Reeves Jeff Reeves is the editor of InvestorPlace.com. Follow him on Twitter @JeffReevesIP. We Want to Hear from You How are you investing in AI? 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Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements. (Submit) ____________________ Advanced Search Stocks Columns Authors Topics No results found Salesforce.com Inc. U.S.: NYSE: CRM $110.24 +1.14 (+1.04%) Volume 5.1M Open $109.23 High $110.71 Low $108.91 P/E Ratio 11024 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 79.6B S&P 500 Index S&P Base CME: SPX 2,786.24 +18.68 (+0.67%) Volume 2.1B Open 2,770 High 2,788 Low 2,770 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A Target Corp. U.S.: NYSE: TGT $76.80 +2.80 (+3.78%) Volume 14.6M Open $74.54 High $77.00 Low $74.45 P/E Ratio 16.07 Div Yield 3.23 Market Cap 41.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl A U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOGL $1,130.65 +18.60 (+1.67%) Volume 1.9M Open $1,110 High $1,131 Low $1,108 P/E Ratio 37.78 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Alphabet Inc. Cl C U.S.: Nasdaq: GOOG $1,122.26 +16.74 (+1.51%) Volume 1.7M Open $1,102 High $1,124 Low $1,101 P/E Ratio 37.5 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 782.7B Amazon.com Inc. U.S.: Nasdaq: AMZN $1,305.20 +28.52 (+2.23%) Volume 5.3M Open $1,273 High $1,306 Low $1,273 P/E Ratio 331.27 Div Yield 0 Market Cap 628.9B International Business Machines Corp. U.S.: NYSE: IBM $163.14 -1.06 (-0.65%) Volume 4.9M Open $164.02 High $164.74 Low $163.03 P/E Ratio 15.95 Div Yield 3.68 Market Cap 151.0B Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF U.S.: Nasdaq: BOTZ $26.18 +0.41 (+1.59%) Volume 2.5M Open $25.96 High $26.19 Low $25.90 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0.01 Market Cap N/A NVIDIA Corp. U.S.: Nasdaq: NVDA $222.98 -1.10 (-0.49%) Volume 8.9M Open $223.60 High $224.99 Low $221.34 P/E Ratio 55.33 Div Yield 0.27 Market Cap 135.1B OMRON Corp. ADR U.S.: OTC: OMRNY $65.83 +0.51 (+0.78%) Volume 6007 Open $65.61 High $65.98 Low $65.31 P/E Ratio 25.9 Div Yield 0.83 Market Cap 13.9B Cyberdyne Inc. ADR U.S.: OTC: CYBQY $16.95 -0.54 (-3.09%) Volume 10145 Open $16.59 High $16.95 Low $16.59 P/E Ratio 0 Div Yield 0 Market Cap N/A #Recode IFRAME: https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8JKW6 * * * Log In or Sign Up * Log In * Sign Up (Submit) * Trending * Topics * Writers * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 * More ____________________ Search * Trending * Topics + Charts + Commerce + Cybersecurity + Future of Work + Media + Policy + Social + Transportation + Voices * Writers + Kara Swisher + Dan Frommer + Peter Kafka + Edmund Lee + Johana Bhuiyan + Jason Del Rey + Shirin Ghaffary + Eric Johnson + Rani Molla + Tony Romm + Theodore Schleifer + Kurt Wagner * Podcasts * Events * Recode 100 (BUTTON) ✕ * Policy * Artificial Intelligence Tech giants studying artificial intelligence are enlisting an Obama veteran as their new leader Terah Lyons is now the founding executive director of the Partnership for AI By Tony Romm@TonyRomm Oct 19, 2017, 12:00pm EDT * tweet * share * Linkedin [Terah_L___JCo_Studios__2238.0.jpg] Terah Lyons Terah Lyons An artificial intelligence research-and-policy organization set up by Facebook, Google, Microsoft and other tech giants is tapping the Obama administration’s former AI expert as its new leader. Terah Lyons will now serve as the founding executive director at the Partnership for AI, a group that seeks to study the impact of powerful algorithms and machine learning on jobs and the economy — while addressing potential regulatory issues along the way. Five companies — Amazon, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and IBM — formed the nonprofit in 2016, and tech giants like Apple joined it soon after. Currently, the partnership also counts among its ranks about 50 consumer groups, privacy advocates, tech-focused academics and others, some of whom have expressed concerns that AI could threaten privacy or contribute to discrimination. Together, though, they’re all set to meet in Berlin next week. Lyons, for her part, arrives at the AI consortium after working as a tech policy fellow at the Mozilla Foundation. Before that, she served under former President Barack Obama, advising the White House’s work to study the use and effects of artificial intelligence. A capstone of that effort was a 2016 report that explored the power of robotics, neural networks and machine-learning tools in everything from self-driving cars to precision medicine, along with a series of recommendations for how to tackle regulatory challenges posed by AI. __________________________________________________________________ Subscribe to the Recode newsletter Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. More From Recode * To understand 2018, you first have to understand the 1990s, Vanity Fair’s David Friend says * People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting * Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES * Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ * Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter * People in Hawaii received a false alert warning that a missile was headed their way Trending 1. People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. 2. Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. 3. Everlane’s first store is temporarily closed because its flooring couldn’t handle a New York winter Physical retail? Perhaps not so easy. More in Trending Recode Daily Sign up for our Recode Daily newsletter to get the top tech and business news stories delivered to your inbox. Your email ____________________ (Submit) Go By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. This Article has a component height of 6. The sidebar size is medium. The Latest To understand 2018, you first have to understand the 1990s, Vanity Fair’s David Friend says Everything from #MeToo to President Trump has its roots in the "naughty nineties," Friend says. By Eric Johnson People love Google’s new feature that matches your selfie to a famous painting It’s the No. 1 free app on the App Store. By Theodore Schleifer Apple’s star presence no longer overshadows CES Amazon’s Alexa voice platform, and now Google’s assistant voice platform, were the clear ecosystem winners of CES. By Ben Bajarin Yes, that was Fred Armisen and Bill Murray you saw on ‘SNL’ They’re back! By Theodore Schleifer Chorus * Terms of Use * Privacy Policy * Communications Preferences * Contact * Send Us a Tip * Masthead * Sponsorships * Podcasts * Newsletters * RSS A Verge affiliate site Vox Media Advertise with us Jobs @ Vox Media All Systems Operational Check out our status page for more details. 2017 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved * tweet * share Log In * * * * * share Trending Leadership #NewTech Leadership #NewTech Oct 15, 2017 @ 01:10 AM Who's Afraid Of Artificial Intelligence? * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) [3a9af86a86c09b14162da98cfee25dcf?s=400&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g] Shellie Karabell , Contributor I cover leadership - people, politics & policy - from a European view. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. [960x0.jpg?fit=scale] Can artificial intelligence replace the human brain?Will it? What role for humans in the future? (Photo credit: Shutterstock) “Humans were are not built to spend more than two hours looking at a screen or scrolling through excel sheets. Humans are best at being human. Artificial Intelligence will do the rest.” Telling words from Jim Stolze, Co-founder of aigency — an Amsterdam-based company that recruits AI and humans for work. Kind of an employment company run by three humans overseeing 59 robots (actually computers working on algorithms created at the University of Amsterdam to solve problems). Stolze was addressing reporters in StartUp Village at the Amsterdam Science Park on the sidelines of the first World Summit AI in Amsterdam October 11-12. A tech entrepreneur and former ambassador for TED.com, setting up TED events all over Europe and the Middle East, Stolze founded aigency four years ago as “the network that connects data-sets with algorithms, business with talent.” In case it’s not obvious, the “aigency” is a reference to “artificial intelligence.” Job Crusher? “You have to think of AI as job augmentation, not job displacement,” Stolze continues. “Work will create work.” Heineken and Unilever are big customers, turning to aigency for specific problems; Stolze in turn hooks them up with researchers and even students from the University of Amsterdam. “You’ll find six thousand people are still working in an autonomous car factory,” he claims. Automation has been a staple in heavy manufacturing for decades. Now it’s moving into the white-collar arena. “Procurement,” says Stolze, is a big area. “Here’s a guy in procurement who gets an invoice for something; he can’t figure out what it’s for or which department has to pay it. He spends hours or even days running around from department to department trying to figure out what to do with this invoice. Meanwhile the vendor is waiting for his money. With AI you can scan the invoice and the algorithm will pinpoint or at least narrow down what the invoice is for and whose department should be charged.” Outside of the back office, most of us are already dealing with AI and bots without knowing it. Retail sites’ chat rooms are bots, calling on humans when customer questions become too complicated or personal. Marketers, for example. Chances are the subject lines of most of the emails you open from companies weren’t written by humans. It’s called “language optimization.” “We apply our own cognitive bias in writing,” says Parry Malm, a speaker at the World Summit AI and CEO of Phrasee, a UK-based company whose vision is “to supercharge digital marketing using artificial intelligence.” Phrasee counts Domino’s Pizza among its clients. Malm “AI takes it out, so there’s no more guess work in using marketing language. The algorithm figures out the best wording to attract targeted customers. Malm claims Domino’s email open rate increased 27% using AI and language optimization. Unfathomable Data There is a lot to be gained by adopting AI Research by Accenture predicts that by 2035, labor productivity will have risen by 40%, and corporate profitability by 38% due to AI alone. Indeed, industry statistics indicate some 88% of companies today are undergoing some kind of digital transformation. But it appears that the result thus far has been heaps of unfathomable data: answers looking for questions. “Companies have hammers but no nails,” Malm says about the data dilemma. “First you have to define your problem – what you want to know – and then you can figure out which technological resources can fix it.” S. Karabell October 11, 2017, Amsterdam NL - Robotics at the WorldSummitAI in Amsterdam. (photo credit: S. Karabell) Getting to know how AI functions and what problems can be solved by technology is key to using automation in your own business. Meanwhile, Malm sees an investment bubble in AI looming. “A lot of venture capitalists are throwing a lot of money at AI startups,” he claims, adding that he sees a lot of consolidation in the field coming. “Very few enterprises are making it because they won’t or can’t solve problems [in tackling corporate objectives]; instead, they’re just creating more problems.” As Stolze says, “Scared people are using AI the wrong way. We have to remember that while execution may be through machines, the responsibility still remains with humans. “ Take self-driving cars, which Stolze does not foresee for many years. “People ask ‘what should the car do?’ when they should be asking ‘What should the human do?’” That question has far-reaching implication. What, indeed should humans do once AI moves beyond purely logical functions — such as figuring out where that mysterious invoice came from and where it belongs? What happens when AI starts to become creative? “Rationality is a muscle,” claims Vadim Grigoryan, a marketer specializing in corporate art projects, who lectures on brands and art at his MBA alma mater, the INSEAD Business School in Fontainebleau - when he’s not helping businesses, such as spirits start-ups and perfume companies engage with art projects. “We will soon be outsourcing all our Cartesian capacities,” he adds, referring to the doyen of French logic, Renee Descartes. As an example, he points out, “Kids in schools today us calculators to work out math problems they don’t do them in their heads.” AI Will Redefine Us Grigoryan believes we’re put off by the idea of AI because it re-defines who we are – the latest in a process of chipping away at the human ego beginning with Copernicus and the discovery that the sun did not revolve around the earth; continuing through Darwin and the origin of the species, through Freud and the realization that our subconscious is more powerful than our rational side. “Everything that is not rational therefore will become more important for the future of humans,” he opines. That means the suppressed areas of our subconscious will come into play and become more visible — areas that have been repressed, such as creativity culture, art. The process will become more important and we will become less goal-oriented; we will realize metaphorically that we must continue swimming without arriving anywhere.” To some people today, that would seem to be treading water — the antithesis of what AI and its streamlined efficiency seems to have been designed to do. After all, that man in the procurement office who doesn’t have to spend hours running from office to office to settle a mysterious invoice won’t want to be using that saved time to tread water. Nor will his boss. Does he have shorter workdays? Or will he have currently un-imaginable jobs created as an offshoot of all those algorithms? For example, could mankind have explored space and put a man on the moon without Copernicus? All those unknown and presently unanswerable questions mean it’s important to pay attention to how we handle the AI juggernaut steadily advancing into human space. Says Stolze, “The better the choices we make now, the better things will be in 40 years.” Follow me on Twitter @sckarabell1 * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * (Submit) * Print * Website Feedback * News Tip * Report Corrections * Reprints & Permissions #publisher Skip to main content Science * Home * News * Journals * Topics * Careers Search _______________ (Submit) Search Search _______________ (Submit) Search [_] * Log in * My account * Contact us Current Issue Cover Become a member * Renew my subscription * Sign up for newsletters Science AAAS . * * * * * Authors * Members * Librarians * Advertisers * Home + Recent Videos + Latest Podcasts + Photo Galleries + Dance Your Ph.D. Contest + Data Stories Contest * News + Latest News + ScienceInsider + ScienceShots + Sifter + From the Magazine + About News + Quizzes * Journals + Science + Science Advances + Science Immunology + Science Robotics + Science Signaling + Science Translational Medicine * Topics + All Topics + Special Issues + Custom Publishing * Careers + Articles + Find Jobs + Career Resources + Forum + For Employers + Employer Profiles + Graduate Programs + Advertising Features + About Careers * Search _______________ (Submit) Search Share [Eric%20Lander.jpg?itok=Od394VBl] Eric Lander in 2012 Adam Fagen (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows By Dalmeet Singh ChawlaOct. 17, 2017 , 4:20 PM Eric Lander, president and founding director of the Broad Institute and a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, is the most influential biomedical researcher of the modern era, according to a computer program. Lander, a geneticist and mathematician, ranks first on a new list of top biomedical researchers produced by the scientific literature search tool Semantic Scholar. Semantic Scholar, launched in 2015, is an academic search engine aiming to tackle the problem of information overload. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help users sift through huge numbers of scientific papers and understand (to a limited extent) their content. The free tool was developed by the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2), a nonprofit based in Seattle, Washington, that was co-founded in 2014 by Microsoft Co-Founder Paul Allen. Semantic Scholar’s archive of searchable literature initially focused on computer science, and last year expanded to include neuroscience. Today, it is expanding again, to include the millions of biomedical research papers indexed by PubMed and other sources; overall, Semantic Scholar’s archive is now approaching 40 million papers. Last year, Semantic Scholar’s programmers also added functionality that allows it to measure the influence of researchers and organizations, based on what they call “highly influential citations”—which takes into account the context around citations, excluding any self-citations—and other information. In April 2016, the tool ranked computer scientists, and when its corpus was expanded to neuroscience in November 2016, it was also used to judge the most influential brain scientists. Now, Semantic Scholar is ranking biomedical researchers. Here’s the list of the top 10, provided to ScienceInsider: 1. Eric Lander, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (biology) 2. Karl Friston, University College London (neuroscience) 3. Raymond Dolan, University College London (neuroscience) 4. Shizuo Akira, Osaka University (immunology) 5. David Botstein, Calico (biology) 6. Dennis Smith, Pfizer (pharmacokinetics) 7. Eugene Koonin, National Center for Biotechnology Information (biology) 8. Walter Willett, Harvard School of Public Health (epidemiology) 9. Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (genetics) 10. Bert Vogelstein, Johns Hopkins Medical School (oncology) (Friston and Dolan, neuroscientists who hold the second and third spots on the list, respectively, also held the top two positions on Semantic Scholar’s list of most influential neuroscientists.) The absence of women on the list has drawn attention on social media, with some researchers wondering if the result reflected a bias in Semantic Scholar’s ranking algorithm, or is another expression of long-documented differences in gender representation in the biomedical sciences and scientific publishing. In a statement, AI2’s Marie Hagman, a senior product manager who oversees Semantic Scholar, said: "I think the fact that there are no women in the Top 10 authors by the highly influential citation analysis done by AI2 is spotlighting the well-reported problem of publication bias in science and in the context of the current global conversation on gender. It's encouraging to see that people are paying more attention to this issue, as the all-male list last year didn't receive this kind of buzz." Information overload With scientific literature doubling roughly every 9 years, keeping up is becoming increasingly difficult, Hagman says. There’s “a ton of information trapped in these articles and we want to bring it to life,” she says. “We think there are potential cures or ways to improve or save human lives that may be buried away in a PDF somewhere.” Semantic Scholar gets used on average a million times each month, Hagman says. Ultimately, she hopes that the tool can go even further in the content it extracts, perhaps by even suggesting hypotheses for researchers to test. And she envisions the tool pulling data and comparing similar experiments from different papers. “An automated meta-analysis is certainly something we believe is on the horizon,” Hagman says. One limitation of the tool is that it can’t trawl paywalled papers. Hagman notes, however, that her group is negotiating with publishers for varying levels of access. Many other academic search engines, such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, already exist. And any of these search tools will do the job for those who are experts in a particular field and know what they are looking for, Hagman says. But for those exploring connections between different fields or looking into new areas, she believes no other tool provides the “discovery experience” offered by Semantic Scholar. Randy Olson, an AI researcher at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), says Semantic Scholar is “far more useful” than Google Scholar. “Could Semantic Scholar’s AI piece together that a relatively unimportant discovery in one field is a groundbreaking solution to a major challenge in another field?” he asks. “Only time will tell, but I’m optimistic.” But in the future, “general purpose search engines may become so advanced that there’s no need for academic engines,” notes Daniel Himmelstein, a data scientist at UPenn. “It’s going to be hard to beat search engines trained on decades of searches across the entire web at information retrieval.” *Update, 19 October, 3:22 p.m.: This story has been updated to include a comment from AI2 on the lack of women in the top 10 list of influential biomedical researchers. *Correction, 19 October, 3:47 p.m.: An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that there was one woman on the top 10 list. There are none. 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