in Lambeth near Westminster Bridge. He teached in the morning and
   performed his horse riding tricks in the afternoons and evenings in a
   <FONT COLOR=red>ring</FONT>. He choose the <FONT COLOR=red>ring</FONT> shape as riding in tight circles created
   centrifugal forces which helped with the riding stunts where he stood
   on the horses back. Initially the <FONT COLOR=red>ring</FONT> had a diameter of 64 feet but
   this was reduced to 42 feet which has become the international
--
   were not enough to bring in the customers so he added extra
   attractions such as a Clown (Mr Merryman), acrobats, tightrope
   walkers, and jugglers. These performers found that the circus <FONT COLOR=red>ring</FONT>
   suited their acts and the audience appreciation was greater.

   Astley fenced in his circus <FONT COLOR=red>ring</FONT>, and added seating and some roofing
   and quickly learned the art of advertising his Amphitheatre Riding
   <FONT COLOR=red>ring</FONT>. A former employee called Charles Hughes set up a rival
   establishment in 1782 short distance down the road, which he called