Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu
曲阜孔庙、孔林、孔府1994 (C i, iv, vi)
Thanks to the historical status Confucius enjoys since 2,500 years ago and his influence on Chinese cultural, the temple, cemetery and family mansion of Confucius, located in Qufu city, Shandong Province, is now renowned both home and abroad. Confucius (551-479 B.C.) was not only a great thinker, politician and educator in ancient China, but was also acknowledged as one of the most famous culture giant of the whole world. The major theory of Confucianism, advocating benevolent government and rule of virtue, was believed to be the orthodox ideological theory of the feudal society in China, and some other Asian countries, such as Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and so on. And Confucius was, therefore, acclaimed as "the most knowledgeable sage" or "the teacher for all times". In the 18th century, Confucianism was spread to Europe, exerting considerable influences on the Enlightenment Movement in Europe. In order to pay respect to Confucius and to show their loyalty to the Confucianism theory, Chinese Emperors built the magnificent temple, cemetery and family mansion of Confucius in his hometown Qufu over the centuries.
位于山东省曲阜市的孔庙、孔林、孔府之所以享誉世界，是由于孔子在中国2500多年历史上的地位和影响而形成的。孔子（前551-前479）是中国古代伟大的思想家、政治家、教育家，杰出的世界文化巨人。他所创立的以仁政德治为核心的儒家学说，在中国乃至朝鲜、日本、越南等亚洲国被奉为封建社会的正统思想，因此被尊为"至圣先师"、"万世师表"。18世纪，孔子思想传入欧洲，对欧洲的启蒙运动也产生了很大影响。中国历代王朝为了显示对孔子的推崇和对儒家思想的尊奉，在他的故乡曲阜建立了规模宏大的孔庙、孔林、孔府。